Academic literature on the topic 'Turbo spin echo (TSE)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Turbo spin echo (TSE)"

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Goo, Eun-Hoe, and Sung-Soo Kim. "Evaluating the Quality of Optimal MRCP Image Using RT-2D-Compressed SENSE(CS)Turbo Spin Echo: Comparing Respiratory Triggering(RT)-2D-SENSE Turbo Spin Echo and Breath Hold-2D-Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo." Tomography 8, no. 3 (May 22, 2022): 1374–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tomography8030111.

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This study aimed to select the pulse sequence providing the optimal MRCP image quality by applying various reduction and denoising level parameters—which could improve image quality and shorten examination time—to BH-2D-SSh TSE, RT- 2D-SENSE TSE, and RT-2D-Compressed SENSE(CS) TSE and then comparing and analyzing the obtained images. This study was carried out using 30 subjects (15 men and 15 women with a mean age of 53 ± 8.76 years) who underwent an MRCP test using 3.0T MRI equipment. These 30 subjects were composed of 20 patients (CHDD: 7; LC: 6; and IPMN: 7) and 10 volunteers without a disease. When the CS technique was used, five reduction values (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, and 1.5) were used and four denoising levels (No, Weak, Medium, and Strong) were used. The existing SENSE method was based on a reduction value of 1, and other parameters were set the same. The image data of BH-2D-SSh TSE, RT-2D-SENSE TSE, and RT-CS-2D TSE used for the analysis were acquired in the coronal plane, and the acquired data underwent MIP post-processing for analysis. To compare these techniques, SNR and CNR were measured for six biliary duct images for the purpose of quantitative analysis, and qualitative analysis was performed on the sharpness of the duct, the overall quality of the image, and the motion artifact. The results of the quantitative and standard analyses showed that the RT-2D-CS TSE technique had the highest results for all IPMN, LC, and CHDD diseases (p < 0.05). Moreover, SNR and CNR were the highest when the reduction value was set to 1.3 and the denoising level was set to medium as the CS setting values (p < 0.05). Compared with the conventional RT-2D-SENSE TSE, the test time decreased by 20% and SNR and CNR increased by 14% on average. When conducting RT-2D-CS TSE, we found that it shortened the examination time and improved the image quality compared to the existing RT-2D-SENSE TSE. Unlike previous studies, this study using the RT technique shows that it is a useful MRI Pulse Sequence technique able to replace the BH-2D-SSh TSE and BH-3D-SENSE GRASE techniques, which require the patient to hold their breath during the test.
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Trattnig, S., M. Breitenseher, G. Kontaxis, T. Helbich, T. Rand, and H. Imhof. "Grase: Ultra-fast turbo gradient spin-echo sequence." Acta Radiologica 38, no. 5 (September 1997): 880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841859709172429.

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Purpose: Ultra-fast gradient and spin-echo (GRASE) imaging is a hybrid of turbo spin-echo (TSE) and echo-planar imaging (EPI). One scan consists of several spinechoes (SEs) (turbo factor, TF), each of which consists of a number of gradient echoes (EPI factor, EF). The aim of our study was to evaluate different combinations of TF and EF in GRASE imaging and to test its usefulness in musculoskeletal imaging. Material and Methods: On a 1.0 T MR unit, 11 GRASE sequences with different combinations of TF and EF (TR/TE 2150/120 ms) were evaluated in phantom studies with respect to signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, nonuniformity of images, and geometrical distortion. From this study, the optimal GRASE-sequence was applied to 25 patients with different joint pathologies and compared to a T2-weighted TSE sequence (TR/TE 2855/130 ms). Lesion visualization, conspicuity, overall image quality, and artifacts were qualitatively analyzed by two observers independently of each other. Results: With respect to S/N ratio, signal nonuniformity, and geometrical distortion, the GRASE sequence with TF/EF 7/3 (S/N 47; signal nonuniformity 11.7%; distortion 1 pixel) proved to be superior to the other GRASE sequences within a scanning time of less than 120s. In a clinical study, the GRASE sequence proved superior to T2-weighted TSE (without fat suppression) in the visualization of bone-marrow and soft-tissue lesions ( p < 0.001) and ligamentous injuries, although the image quality was inferior.
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Ettorre, G. C., P. D'Aprile, N. Medicamento, P. Spagnolo, M. Stefanelli, and A. Carella. "Anatomia del labirinto cocleo-vestibolare Tecnica di studio RM con sequenze 3D Turbo Spin Echo." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 11, no. 4 (August 1998): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099801100410.

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La letteratura più recente ha dimostrato l'alta affidabilità diagnostica delle tecniche RM ad alta risoluzione nello studio dell'osso temporale. Lo sviluppo di sequenze 3D Turbo Spin Echo (TSE) con sezioni fino a 0,4 mm consente un elevato dettaglio anatomico anche tridimensionale del labirinto cocleo-vestibolare. L'utilizzo di idonee bobine di superficie centrate sulla regione dell'osso temporale e l'impiego di adeguati parametri di acquisizione permette di ottenere la migliore risoluzione spaziale e di contrasto, rendendo le sequenze TSE elettive soprattutto nello studio della patologia malformativa dell'orecchio interno. Tali sequenze sono preferibili alle Spin Echo tradizionali o alle sequenze Gradient Echo (CISS, GRASS etc.) per la minore incidenza di artefatti da suscettibilità magnetica dovuti alle innumerevoli interfaccie osso-aria dell'osso temporale e per la più elevata risoluzione spaziale e il più elevato rapporto segnale/rumore che esse offrono. Infine le sequenze TSE con TR e TF (Turbo Factor) molto alti consen-teno di ottenere un elevato contrasto liquor/nervi cranici che decorrono nel meato acustico interno.
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Yuniar, Adilfi Amalia, Dartini Dartini, Rasyid Rasyid, Bagus Dwi Handoko, and Nanang Sulaksono. "Perbandingan Informasi Citra Potongan Axial T2 Antara Turbo Spin Echo (TSE) Dengan Half-Fourier Aquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE) Pada Pemeriksaan Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)." Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) 7, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jimed.v7i2.7464.

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Backgroud: MRCP is a non-invasive imaging examination, which is used for the evaluation of biliary tract, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. Pulse sequences which can be used to visualize organs in MRCP on T2 weighting is using a fast pulse sequences such as sequences TSE or Haste. The purpose of this research was to knowing the difference image information between T2 axial TSE with Haste and where better to use between the two sequences on axial T2 MRCP examination.Methods: This type of research is experimental observational approach, it has been carried out in the best MRI 1.5 Tesla at RSU Haji Surabaya. Sample used were 5 patients. Each patient performed two pieces of axial T2 sequences in which the TSE and Haste. Furthermore, the image submitted to the three doctors radiologist to fill out a questionnaire that has been provided to assess the image consisting of the liver, gallbladder, common bile duct (CBD), pancreas, intrahepatic duct and an assessment of the artifacts.Results: The results of analytical assessment Wilcoxon test, for the entire anatomy with ρ value of 0.002 which means that ρ 0.05, and the artifacts show the ρ value of 0.006, which means ρ 0.05. This proves that there are differences in image information between T2 axial TSE with T2 axial Haste the MRCP examination. At each of anatomy, liver has ρ value of 0,071 (ρ 0.05), gallbladder has ρ value of 0.317 (ρ 0.05), CBD has ρ value of 0.003 (ρ 0.05), pancreas has ρ value of 0.014 (ρ 0.05) and intrahepatic duct has ρ value of 0.004 (ρ 0.05). Based on the mean rank statistical test results show sequence Haste better in generating image information on the whole anatomy, but in each of anatomy based on the mean rank of gallbladder both sequences are equally good in showing gallbladder, whereas to display the liver, CBD, pancreas, and intrahepatic duct, the results showed T2 Haste mean rank better, it is because it has the characteristics of high Haste T2 signal intensity and better in reducing motion artifacts.Conclusion: Wilcoxon test analysis results expressed Ha accepted, meaning that there is a difference between the image information pieces axial T2 TSE with Haste the MRCP examination. The mean rank shows Haste superior to TSE, this is because the artifacts on TSE and therefore contributes to the respondent's assessment, other than that Haste has a high signal intensity so that it can show more clearly ducts.
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Chagas-Neto, Francisco Abaeté, Marcello Henrique Nogueira-Barbosa, Mário Müller Lorenzato, Rodrigo Salim, Maurício Kfuri-Junior, and Michel Daoud Crema. "Diagnostic performance of 3D TSE MRI versus 2D TSE MRI of the knee at 1.5 T, with prompt arthroscopic correlation, in the detection of meniscal and cruciate ligament tears." Radiologia Brasileira 49, no. 2 (April 2016): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0042.

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Abstract Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of the three-dimensional turbo spin-echo (3D TSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique with the performance of the standard two-dimensional turbo spin-echo (2D TSE) protocol at 1.5 T, in the detection of meniscal and ligament tears. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight patients were imaged twice, first with a standard multiplanar 2D TSE MR technique, and then with a 3D TSE technique, both in the same 1.5 T MRI scanner. The patients underwent knee arthroscopy within the first three days after the MRI. Using arthroscopy as the reference standard, we determined the diagnostic performance and agreement. Results: For detecting anterior cruciate ligament tears, the 3D TSE and routine 2D TSE techniques showed similar values for sensitivity (93% and 93%, respectively) and specificity (80% and 85%, respectively). For detecting medial meniscal tears, the two techniques also had similar sensitivity (85% and 83%, respectively) and specificity (68% and 71%, respectively). In addition, for detecting lateral meniscal tears, the two techniques had similar sensitivity (58% and 54%, respectively) and specificity (82% and 92%, respectively). There was a substantial to almost perfect intraobserver and interobserver agreement when comparing the readings for both techniques. Conclusion: The 3D TSE technique has a diagnostic performance similar to that of the routine 2D TSE protocol for detecting meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament tears at 1.5 T, with the advantage of faster acquisition.
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Yoshizako, Takeshi, Rika Yoshida, Hiroya Asou, Megumi Nakamura, and Hajime Kitagaki. "Comparison between turbo spin-echo and echo planar diffusion-weighted imaging of the female pelvis with 3T MRI." Acta Radiologica Open 10, no. 2 (February 2021): 205846012199473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058460121994737.

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Background Echo-planar imaging (EPI)-diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) may take unclear image affected by susceptibility, geometric distortions and chemical shift artifacts. Purpose To compare the image quality and usefulness of EPI-DWI and turbo spin echo (TSE)-DWI in female patients who required imaging of the pelvis. Material and Methods All 57 patients were examined with a 3.0-T MR scanner. Both TSE- and EPI-DWI were performed with b values of 0 and 1000 s/mm2. We compared geometric distortion, the contrast ratio (CR) of the myometrium to the muscle and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for the myometrium and lesion. Two radiologists scored the TSE- and EPI-DWI of each patient for qualitative evaluation. Results The mean percent distortion was significantly smaller with TSE- than EPI-DWI ( p = 0.00). The CR was significantly higher with TSE- than EPI-DWI ( p = 0.003). There was a significant difference in the ADC value for the uterus and lesions between the EPI- and TSE-DWI ( p < 0.05). Finally, the ADC values of cancer were significantly different from those for the uterus and benign with both the two sequences ( p < 0.05). The scores for ghosting artifacts were higher with TSE- than EPI-DWI ( p = 0.019). But there were no significant differences between TSE- and EPI-DWI with regard to image contrast and overall image quality. Conclusion TSE-DWI on the female pelvis by 3T MRI produces less distortion and higher CR than EPI-DWI, but there is no difference in contrast and image quality.
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Hascalik, S., O. Celik, G. Erdem, C. Ara, and H. Kirimlioglu. "Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings of a sacrococcygeal schwannoma." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, Suppl 1 (January 2006): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200602001-00060.

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Schwannoma is tumor of peripheral nerves, originating from Schwann cells. It is a rare nerve sheath tumor, which frequently occurs in the intracranial acoustic nerve and spinal nerves. We report on a 28-year-old woman who suffered from a large pelvic mass that was diagnosed to be sacrococcygeal schwannoma. The features of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) study are discussed. The magnetic resonance imaging instrument was a 1.5T, Gyroscan Intera with a body coil as a radiofrequency transmitter and a signal receiver. T2-weighted images were obtained under the following conditions—turbo spin echo (TSE) T2: turbo spin echo repeat time (TR) = 4500 msec, echo time (TE) = 96 msec. Single voxel MRS was performed by the point-resolved spectroscopy technique with a long TE (136 msec). MRS measurement was performed on two different parts of the tumor. As well as strongly elevated choline and lipid signals, the tumor spectrum showed increased N-acetylaspartate resonances. MRS can be used effectively in the preoperative diagnosis of retroperitoneal and pelvic masses, which demonstrate unusual clinical features.
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Gao, Tianyang, Zhao Lu, Fengzhe Wang, Heng Zhao, Jiazheng Wang, and Shinong Pan. "Using the Compressed Sensing Technique for Lumbar Vertebrae Imaging: Comparison with Conventional Parallel Imaging." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 17, no. 8 (August 24, 2021): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405617666210126155814.

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Objective: To compare conventional sensitivity encoding turbo spin-echo (SENSE-TSE) with compressed sensing plus SENSE turbo spin-echo (CS-TSE) in lumbar vertebrae magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: This retrospective study of lumbar vertebrae MRI included 600 patients; 300 patients received SENSE-TSE and 300 patients received CS-TSE. The SENSE acceleration factor was 1.4 for T1WI, 1.7 for T2WI, and 1.7 for PDWI. The CS total acceleration factor was 2.4, 3.6, 4.0, and 4.0 for T1WI, T2WI, PDWI sagittal, and T2WI transverse, respectively. The image quality of each MRI sequence was evaluated objectively by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and subjectively on a five-point scale. Two radiologists independently reviewed the MRI sequences of the 300 patients receiving CS-TSE, and their diagnostic consistency was evaluated. The degree of intervertebral foraminal stenosis and nerve root compression was assessed using the T1WI sagittal and T2WI transverse images. Results: The scan time was reduced from 7 min 28 s to 4 min 26 s with CS-TSE. The median score of nerve root image quality was 5 (p > 0.05). The diagnostic consistency using CS-TSE images between the two radiologists was high for diagnosing lumbar diseases (κ > 0.75) and for evaluating the degree of lumbar foraminal stenosis and nerve root compression (κ = 0.882). No differences between SENSE-TSE and CS-TSE were observed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, or negative predictive value. Conclusion: CS-TSE has the potential for diagnosing lumbar vertebrae and disc disorders.
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Polonara, G., and U. Salvolini. "Turbo-FLAIR Sequence in Brain MRI." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 11, no. 1 (February 1998): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099801100103.

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To compare a turbo-FLAIR sequence with Proton Density (PD) and T2-weighted Turbo Spin-Echo (TSE) sequences in several different brain diseases, 276 MRI examinations were performed on a 1.0 Tesla system. The positive cases were assessed for lesion detection and lesion conspicuity. Four quantitative criteria were also used to compare the contrast of the two techniques: lesion to background contrast, lesion to background contrast to noise ratio (CNR), lesion to Cerobrospinal fluid (CSF) contrast, lesion to CSF contrast to noise ratio. The turbo FLAIR sequence was found to be superior to PD and T2-weighted TSE for lesion detection: this sequence detected more lesions in 74 patients than PD and in 42 patients than T2, but missed some subtentorial lesions. For lesion conspicuity turbo-FLAIR was judged equivalent to PD and T2-weighted TSE respectively in 27% and 45% of the cases and better in 71% and 53% of the cases. Lesion to background contrast and lesion to background CNR were found to be significantly greater for turbo-FLAIR than for PD (p<0.001). Compared with T2-weighted TSE, turbo-FLAIR showed a significantly higher lesion to background contrast (p<0.001) and inferior lesion to background CNR (p<0.001). Our study indicates that turbo-FLAIR can replace PD TSE scans in most cases and can be used as a first choice sequence for cerebrovascular diseases, multiple sclerosis and for the evaluation of gliosis.
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Zhalniarovich, Y., Z. Adamiak, A. Pomianowski, and M. Jaskólska. "Most commonly used sequences and clinical protocols for brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging allowing better identification of pathological changes in dogs." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2013-0024.

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Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging modality for the brain and spine. Quality of the received images depends on many technical factors. The most significant factors are: positioning the patient, proper coil selection, selection of appropriate sequences and image planes. The present contrast between different tissues provides an opportunity to diagnose various lesions. In many clinics magnetic resonance imaging has replaced myelography because of its noninvasive modality and because it provides excellent anatomic detail. There are many different combinations of sequences possible for spinal and brain MR imaging. Most frequently used are: T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE), T1- and T2-weighted turbo spin echo, Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), T1-weighted gradient echo (GE) and spin echo (SE), high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) sequences, fat-suppressing short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE). Magnetic resonance imaging reveals neurologic lesions which were previously hard to diagnose antemortem.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Turbo spin echo (TSE)"

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Schömer, Michael [Verfasser]. "Zur Wertigkeit von Turbo-Spin-Echo-Sequenzen in der zerebralen Magnetresonanztomographie bei Kindern / Michael Schömer." Hamburg : Diplom.de, 2000. http://d-nb.info/1184878196/34.

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Pons, Lucas Romina [Verfasser], and Wieland [Akademischer Betreuer] Sommer. "Vergleich von dreidimensionalen Black-Blood Turbo-Spin-Echo Sequenzen mit dreidimensionalen konventionellen Gradienten-Echo Sequenzen zur Detektion von meningealen Kontrastmittelaufnahmen / Romina Pons Lucas ; Betreuer: Wieland Sommer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1206877952/34.

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Zhang, Cecilia Elisabeth [Verfasser]. "Evaluation der 3D Arterial Spin Labeling Technik zur Perfusionsmessung der menschlichen Niere an Probanden und Patienten mittels einer Turbo Gradient Spin Echo Sequenz / Cecilia Elisabeth Zhang." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123539932X/34.

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Martiny, Sandra [Verfasser]. "Magnetresonanztomographie mit einer 3D-T2-gewichteten Turbo-Spin-Echo-Sequenz unterschiedlicher Auflösung : Darstellung anatomischer Details und pathologischer Veränderungen in axialen Aufnahmen, MIP und dreidimensionalen Volumenrekonstruktionen / vorgelegt von Sandra Martiny." 2006. http://d-nb.info/981618669/34.

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Books on the topic "Turbo spin echo (TSE)"

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Sandler, Corey. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 3RD Edition. New York: Bantam Books, 1992.

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Tom, Badgett, ed. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 2ND Edition. Toronto: Bantam Books, 1991.

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Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear Strategies, '94 Edition. New York, NY: Random House, Electronic Publishing, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Turbo spin echo (TSE)"

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Runge, Val M., and Johannes T. Heverhagen. "Half Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE)." In The Physics of Clinical MR Taught Through Images, 84–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85413-3_39.

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Kiefer, B. "Turbo Spin-Echo Imaging." In Echo-Planar Imaging, 583–604. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80443-4_19.

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Lajous, Hélène, Tom Hilbert, Christopher W. Roy, Sébastien Tourbier, Priscille de Dumast, Yasser Alemán-Gómez, Thomas Yu, et al. "Simulated Half-Fourier Acquisitions Single-shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE) of the Fetal Brain: Application to Super-Resolution Reconstruction." In Uncertainty for Safe Utilization of Machine Learning in Medical Imaging, and Perinatal Imaging, Placental and Preterm Image Analysis, 157–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87735-4_15.

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"Fast (or Turbo) Spin Echo (TSE) Sequences, RARE." In MRI of the Musculoskeletal System, edited by Martin Vahlensieck, Harry K. Genant, Maximilian Reiser, James O. Johnston, and Steinborn. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-51066.

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"Half Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE)." In The Physics of Clinical MR Taught Through Images, edited by Val M. Runge, Wolfgang R. Nitz, Miguel Trelles, and Frank L. Goerner. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-91381.

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"39 Half Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE)." In The Physics of Clinical MR Taught Through Images, edited by Val M. Runge, Wolfgang R. Nitz, and Johannes T. Heverhagen. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0038-162997.

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"19 Half Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE)." In The Physics of Clinical MR Taught Through Images, edited by Val M. Runge, Wolfgang R. Nitz, and Stuart H. Schmeets. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-63917.

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"1.3 Turbo-/Fast-Spin-Echo-Sequenz." In MRT des Bewegungsapparats, edited by Martin Vahlensieck and Maximilian Reiser. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-103528.

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"19 HASTE – Half Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin Echo." In Praxiskurs MRT, edited by Wolfgang R. Nitz, Val M. Runge, and Stuart H. Schmeets. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0042-185885.

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Conference papers on the topic "Turbo spin echo (TSE)"

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Moroi, Takashi, Nobuo Mizuuchi, Katsuya Maruyama, Shohei Takemoto, Toshinori Sueyoshi, Tsuyoshi Usagawa, and Norio Iriguchi. "Motion artifact reduction by Randomized Phase Encoding (RPE) Turbo Spin Echo (TSE)." In 2009 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2009.4906664.

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Edalati, Masoud, Gregory R. Lee, Hui Wang, Michael D. Taylor, and Yu Y. Li. "Single-shot turbo spin echo acquisition for in vivo cardiac diffusion MRI." In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7591979.

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Rodrigues, Rafael, Marta Gomez-Garcia de la Banda, Mickael Tordjman, David Gomez-Andres, Susana Quijano-Roy, Robert-Yves Carlier, and Antonio M. G. Pinheiro. "Texture Analysis Of T1-Weighted Turbo Spin-Echo Mri For The Diagnosis And Follow-Up Of Collagen Vi-Related Myopathy." In 2021 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi48211.2021.9433942.

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Indrati, Rini, Lies Mardiyana, Ainul Amarudin, Emi Murniati, Siti Daryati, Sri Mulyati, and Dwi Rochmayanti. "Clarity of Anatomic Information: Comparison of Variations in Combination of Time Repetition (TR) and Echo Train Length (ETL) MRI Lumbar Sequence T2W Turbo Spin Echo in the Diagnosis of Low Back Pain." In International Conference on Health and Medical Sciences (AHMS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210127.003.

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Wang, Haifeng, Leo Tam, Emre Kopanoglu, Dana Peters, R. Todd Constable, and Gigi Galiana. "Accelerate data acquisition using Turbo Spin Echo and O-Space." In 2014 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2014.6868010.

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Bratke, G., C. Kabbasch, D. Maintz, R. Rau, S. Haneder, and K. Weiss. "Neue "Zeiten" in der MRT-Wirbelsäulendiagnostik: Compressed Sensing und Turbo spin echo prescans zur beschleunigten Bildgebung." In 101. Deutscher Röntgenkongress und 9. Gemeinsamer Kongress der DRG und ÖRG. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703272.

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Hasse, F., B. Selmi-Özer, C. Rupp, H. Kauczor, and T. Weber. "Balanced steady-state free precession MRCP ist eine robuste Alternative zu atemnavigierter 3D turbo-spin-echo MRCP." In 100. Deutscher Röntgenkongress. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1682036.

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Wang, Huishe, Qingjun Zhao, Xiaolu Zhao, and Jianzhong Xu. "Unsteady Numerical Simulation of Shock Systems in Vaneless Counter-Rotating Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68212.

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Abstract:
A detailed unsteady numerical simulation has been carried out to investigate the shock systems in the high pressure (HP) turbine rotor and unsteady shock-wake interaction between coupled blade rows in a 1+1/2 counter-rotating turbine (VCRT). For the VCRT HP rotor, due to the convergent-divergent nozzle design, along almost all the span, fishtail shock systems appear after the trailing edge, where the pitch averaged relative Mach number is exceeding the value of 1.4 and up to 1.5 approximately (except the both endwalls). A group of pressure waves create from the suction surface after about 60% axial chord in the VCRT HP rotor, and those waves interact with the inner-extending shock (IES). IES first impinges on the next HP rotor suction surface and its echo wave is strong enough and cannot be neglected, then the echo wave interacts with the HP rotor wake. Strongly influenced by the HP rotor wake and LP rotor, the HP rotor outer-extending shock (OES) varies periodically when moving from one LP rotor leading edge to the next. In VCRT, the relative Mach numbers in front of IES and OES are not equal, and in front of IES, the maximum relative Mach number is more than 2.0, but in front of OES, the maximum relative Mach number is less than 1.9. Moreover, behind IES and OES, the flow is supersonic. Though the shocks are intensified in VCRT, the loss resulted in by the shocks is acceptable, and the HP rotor using convergent-divergent nozzle design can obtain major benefits.
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