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Academic literature on the topic 'TTC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "TTC"

Frasao, Beatriz Da Silva, Marion Pereira da Costa, Bruna Leal Rodrigues, Bruno Reis Costa Lima, and Carlos Adam Conte-Junior. "Natural Antioxidant Activity and Compounds Content from Wastes of Euterpe edulis Berries." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 3 (2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n3p178.

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The Euterpe edulis (Juçara) is native to Brazil, which berries and wastes present high antioxidant content. Therefore, in this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was investigated for antioxidant compounds extraction from E. edulis waste and maximized antioxidant activities using response surface methodology coupled with a central composite design. Three factors were observed: microwave power (400/500/600 W), exposition time (30/60/90 sec) and ethanol concentration solvent (40/60/80%). The extracts were characterized by determination of total phenolic (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), monomeric anthocyanins (TAC), tannins content (TTC), and in vitro antioxidant assay (AA%). The yield of TPC, TFC, TAC, and TTC varied at 595.43-2171.34 mg GAE.100 g DM-1, 137.36-251.24 mg QE.100 g DM-1, 179.32-354.38 mg C-3-GE.100 g DM-1 and 0.23-1.00 µg TAE.100 g DM-1, respectively. The optimal MAE parameters for TPC was microwave power 668.18 W, exposition time 110.45 s and aqueous ethanol concentration 93.64%, for TFC same parameters observed; though for TAC the different parameters were 532.28 W, and for TTC 9.55 s. However, for antioxidant activity, the parameters were 668.18 W, 110.45 s time and 64.41% of aqueous ethanol solvent. Therefore, this methodology was successfully applied for optimal extraction of total phenolics, flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and tannins from juçara waste and obtain optimal antioxidant activity.

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Salih, Abdalrhaman M., Fahad Al-Qurainy, Mohammad Nadeem, et al. "Optimization Method for Phenolic Compounds Extraction from Medicinal Plant (Juniperus procera) and Phytochemicals Screening." Molecules 26, no. 24 (2021): 7454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247454.

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Juniperus procera is a natural source of bioactive compounds with the potential of antitumor, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. An optimization method was developed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total tannin content (TTC) in leaf and seed extract of Juniperus procera. Organic solvents (methanol (99.8%), ethanol (99%), and acetone (99.5%)), and deionized water (DI) were used for extraction. The estimation of TPC, TFC, and TTC in plant materials was carried out using UV-spectrophotometer and HPLC with the standards gallic acid, quercetin, and tannic acid. Recovery of TPC in leaf extract ranged from 2.9 to 9.7 mg GAE/g DW, TFC from 0.9 to 5.9 mg QE/g DW, and TTC ranged from 1.5 to 4.3 mg TA/g DW while the TPC value in the seed extract ranged from 0.53 to 2.6 mg GAE/g DW, TFC from 0.5 to 1.6 mg QE/g DW, and TTC ranged from 0.5 to 1.4 mg TA/g DW. This result revealed that methanol is the best solvent for recovery of the TPC value (9.7 mg) from leaf extract in comparison to other solvents. Ethanol recorded the highest result of TFC (5.9 mg) in leaf extract among the solvents whereas acetone was the best for TTC yield recovery from leaf extract (4.3 mg). In the case of the seed extract, ethanol was the best solvent for both TPC (2.6 mg), and TFC (1.6 mg) recovery in comparison to other solvents. Total tannin content in methanol resulted in significant recovery from seed extract (1.4 mg). Separation and quantification of gallic acid, quercetin, and tannic acid in plant materials were undertaken using HPLC. Gallic acid in leaf and seed of J. procera ranged from 6.6 to 9.2, 6.5 to 7.2 µg/g DW, quercetin from 6.3 to 18.2, 0.9 to 4.2 µg/g DW, and tannic acid from 16.2 to 29.3, 6.6 to 9.3 µg/g DW, respectively. Solvents have shown a significant effect in the extraction of phenolic compounds. Moreover, phytochemicals in plant materials were identified using GC-MS and resulted in very important bioactive compounds, which include anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor agents such as ferruginol, phenanthrene, and n-hexadecanoic acid. In conclusion, the optimal solvent for extraction depends on the part of the plant material and the compounds that are to be isolated.

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Mahto, Harishankar, Dipa Mahato, and Hanuman Prasad Sharma. "Phytoconstituent estimation and LC-MS studies of field grown Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root extract in Jharkhand and Bihar." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 26, no. 11 (2022): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2611rjce1350141.

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Plants in either raw form or their root extracts are utilized as complementary and alternative medicine in various disorders. The present study was undertaken for phytoconstituents estimation and to evaluate chemical compositions of methanolic extract of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) roots collected from BAU, Ranchi, Jharkhand and Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Phytochemicals through crude methanolic extract were analyzed in Ashwagandha roots. Alcoholic extract was prepared using Soxhlet extraction apparatus. On phytochemical evaluation, total phenolic, flavonoid, total tannin and alkaloids were estimated. Presence of bioactive components in extract was determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (ESI positive ion) technique. Qualitative screening of extract ensured the presence of alkaloids, phenols, tannins and flavonoids. Quantitatively these phytochemicals showed TPC (66.06 mg/gm), TFC (650.0 mg/gm), TAC (102 mg/gm) and TTC (5.89 mg/gm). However, the phytochemicals and yield did not accumulate in various fractions on polarity. This result was supported by LC-MS analysis which showed 17 definite peaks in their chromatogram but only 8 peaks offer a suitable approximation. Extract revealed forty five bioactive compounds where most of them were phenolic compounds, aryl propionic acid and cinnamide derivatives. Quantitative analysis of present phytochemical showed maximum quantity of TFC followed by TAC, TPC and TTC. On the other hand, presence of various bioactive compounds in root extract showed that plant is having very high medicinal value.

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Diniyah, Nurud, Umi Malikal Bulgis, and Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti. "Antioxidant activity and phytochemical compositions of Mucuna pruriens L. in different conditions of time and temperature extraction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1177, no. 1 (2023): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1177/1/012042.

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Abstract Mucuna pruriens L. is a type of legume with high total phenolic and flavonoid compounds and may be a source of antioxidants. Bioactive and chemical components contained in velvet beans were obtained through maceration. Temperature and time of extraction were needed to obtain the optimal extract. The present study aims to explore temperature (30-60°C) and time (120-360 minutes) of the extraction effects on total phenol compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC), total tannin compounds (TTC), and the antioxidant capacity: 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical - scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical - scavenging activity (ABTS+-RSA), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of velvet beans using double factor experiments approach. All of the studies extraction conditions indicated a significant effect (p < 0.05) on yield, TPC, TFC, TTC, DPPH-RSA, ABTS+-RSA, and FRAP. These results pointed that velvet beans extract for 60°C at 360 minutes was the highest content of TPC, TFC, and TTC were obtained with values of 41.78 mg GAE/g, 309,65 mg QE/g, and 237,13 mg TAE/g. The antioxidant capacity was 38.15 mg AAEAC/g on DPPH-RSA, 6.36 mg AAEAC/g on ABTS+-RSA, and 35.06 mM FE2+ /g on FRAP.

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Chen, Sammi, and Nur Fathonah Sadek. "Characterization of antioxidant- and sensory-related parameters of tisane made from sorghum with different pericarp colors." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1488, no. 1 (2025): 012105. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1488/1/012105.

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Abstract The research was to assess the effect of tisane development process (soaking, steaming, and roasting) on the antioxidant, bioactive compounds, and sensory profiles of black, red, and white sorghum. The raw and tisane sorghum were analyzed for % inhibition, total phenolics (TPC) and total tannin (TTC), total flavonoids (TFC), and vitamin C using the method of 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 0.1mM), Folin Ciocalteu, AlCl3, and UV absorption, respectively. In general, the processing significantly increased the antioxidant activity, TPC, TTC, and TFC, but decreased the vitamin C. Among different pericarp colors, black and white sorghum tisane were found to be statistically highest and lowest in all parameters. However, there was no significantly different in overall liking among sorghum tisane yielded hedonic score around 5.2 indicating neutral perception by panelists. Based on the results, black sorghum tisane could be proposed as the highest health potential among samples as indicated by antioxidant activity, TPC, TTC, TFC, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C values of 89.72%, 48.55 mg GAE/g, 61.17 mg TAE/g, 479.33mg QE/g, and 2.82 mg AAE/g, respectively. The sensory attribute profile of black sorghum tisane was positively correlated with bitter flavor, cloudy color, bitter aftertaste, herbal flavor, and herbal aroma.

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Abdel-razakh, Hissein Hassan, Gaymary George Bakari, Jin-Soo Park, Cheol-Ho Pan, and Abubakar Shaaban Hoza. "Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Properties of Bauhinia rufescens, Ocimum basilicum and Salvadora persica, Used as Medicinal Plants in Chad." Molecules 29, no. 19 (2024): 4684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29194684.

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The plants Bauhinia rufescens, Ocimum basilicum and Salvadora persica are well known in traditional African medicine, and particularly in traditional Chadian medicine. They are commonly used to treat infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, fevers, gastroenteritis and other medical conditions. The aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical screening to determine the antioxidant properties of different extracts and fractions from the three plants. Ethanolic extracts and solvent fractions were prepared and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC). LC-MS and an online screening HPLC-ABTS system identified phytochemicals with antioxidant activities. DPPH and ABTS reduction methods were used to test the extracts and fractions for their antioxidant potential. The results showed that the TPC of O. basilicum was higher than that of B. rufescens, ranging from 64.70 ± 5.2 to 411.16 ± 8.11 mgGAE/g DW. B. rufescens extracts and fractions, on the other hand, showed higher TFC, ranging from 69.5 ± 5.3 to 408.26 ± 8.42 mgQE/g DW, and higher TTC, ranging from 4.57 ± 2.45 to 62.19 ± 4.7 mgTAE/g DW. The maximum TPC, TFC and TTC in both plants were recorded in the ethyl acetate fractions. S. persica extracts and fractions showed a very low quantity of TPC, TFC and TTC. Based on LC-MS and HPLC-ABTS analysis, rosmarinic acid was identified as the major component in the extracts and all fractions of O. basilicum, and epicatechin, procyanidin B and quercetin were found in B. rufescens. S. persica did not exhibit specific substances with antioxidant activity and was therefore not considered for further assays. DPPH and ABTS results showed that ethyl acetate fractions of B. rufescens and O. basilicum have the strongest antioxidant activities. This study indicates that B. rufescens and O. basilicum are good sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, suitable for medicinal use in Chadian communities. Additionally, the antioxidant-rich extracts from these plants hold significant potential for cosmetic development, enhancing skin health and protecting against oxidative-stress-induced damage.

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Sun, Liang, and Bing Wang. "An Inverse Robust Optimisation Approach for a Class of Vehicle Routing Problems under Uncertainty." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2804525.

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There is a trade-off between the total penalty paid to customers (TPC) and the total transportation cost (TTC) in depot for vehicle routing problems under uncertainty (VRPU). The trade-off refers to the fact that the TTC in depot inevitably increases when the TPC decreases andvice versa. With respect to this issue, the vehicle routing problem (VRP) with uncertain customer demand and travel time was studied to optimise the TPC and the TTC in depot. In addition, an inverse robust optimisation approach was proposed to solve this kind of VRPU by combining the ideas of inverse optimisation and robust optimisation so as to improve both the TPC and the TTC in depot. The method aimed to improve the corresponding TTC of the robust optimisation solution under the minimum TPC through minimising the adjustment of benchmark road transportation cost. According to the characteristics of the inverse robust optimisation model, a genetic algorithm (GA) and column generation algorithm are combined to solve the problem. Moreover, 39 test problems are solved by using an inverse robust optimisation approach: the results show that both the TPC and TTC obtained by using the inverse robust optimisation approach are less than those calculated using a robust optimisation approach.

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Lyczko, Krzysztof, and Slawomir Ostrowski. "Crystal structures and conformers of CyMe4-BTBP." Nukleonika 60, no. 4 (2015): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2015-0149.

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Abstract The crystal structure of new conformation of the CyMe4-BTBP ligand (ttc) has been presented. The ttt conformer of this compound in a form of THF solvate has been also crystallized. The geometries of six possible conformations (ttt, ttc, tct, tcc, ctc and ccc) of the CyMe4-BTBP ligand have been modeled in the gas phase and in solutions (MeOH and H2O) by DFT calculations using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) method. According to the calculations, in the three different media the conformers with trans orientation of the N atoms in the bipyridyl moiety are the most stable.

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Maulana, Fahmi Setia, Allaily, and Muhammad Daud. "Antioxidant activity test and phytochemical screening of ciplukan extract (physalis angulata) as an alternative feed additive in poultry." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1476, no. 1 (2025): 012081. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1476/1/012081.

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Abstract This study aimed to test antioxidant activity and perform phytochemical screening of ecstak ciplukan (Physalis angulata) as an alternative feed additive in poultry. Methods used include extraction and identification of phytogenic content from ciplukan extract. Variables observed include antioxidant activity, phytochemical components, as well as Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), and Total Tannin Content (TTC). Data analysis is carried out descriptively and tabulated according to the study variables. The results of the study showed that ciplukan extract contains bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, and phenolics. TFC, TPC, and TTC assays showed consecutive values of 517,895 mgQe/g, 681,818 mgGae/g, and 114,286 mgTae/g. In addition, ciplukan extract has a strong classified antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 88.67 ppm. The study concluded that ciplukan extract has potential as an alternative feed additive for poultry because it contains bioactive compounds and has strong antioxidant activity.

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Kumar Pandey, Abhishek, Ajay Harit, and Kamlesh Sonekar. "Quantitative estimation of secondary metabolites, in-vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-sickling activity of leaf of Ficus virens Aiton." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 16, no. 1 (2025): 52–63. https://doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v16i1.5317.

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Sickle cell anaemia is a severe global disease marked by oxidative stress and painful episodes. This study evaluates the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-sickling properties of the ethanolic extract of Ficus virens Aiton leaves. Total phenolic (TPC), tannin (TTC), and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed spectrophotometrically, while antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH, anti-inflammatory activity via the HRBC method, and anti-sickling effects through Emmel and reversibility tests. The extract showed high TPC (79.84±2.77 µg/mg GAE), TTC (10.51±0.62 µg/mg GAE), and TFC (132.62±6.69 µg/mg QE). It significantly reduced haemolysis (12.19±1.84% at 2000 µg/ml) and exhibited strong antioxidant activity (89.34±0.56% DPPH scavenging at 75 µg/ml, IC50: 22.76±1.01 µg/ml). The extract also demonstrated a high sickle cell reversal rate (84.13±0.25% at 10 mg/ml after 150 min), comparable to phenylalanine (85.71%). These results highlight Ficus virens Aiton as a promising candidate for treating inflammation and sickle cell anaemia.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TTC"

Nasta, Rodolphe. "TELECOMMUNICATION SATELLITE TELEMETRY TRACKING AND COMMAND SUB-SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607355.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>This paper gives an overview on Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TTC) sub-system that are used onboard some telecommunication satellites. Then, a description of the equipments of such a sub-system is given, together with the main performances.

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Fiebig, U. C., and R. Schweikert. "PN CODES FOR USE IN TTC SPREAD-SPECTRUM MULTIPLE-ACCESS SYSTEMS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613818.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 29-November 02, 1990 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>Various PN codes for use in TTC spread-spectrum systems are considered. The evaluation is based on peak magnitudes and amplitude distributions of both the even and the odd autocorrelation and crosscorrelation functions. Furthermore the influence of the phase of a sequence on the correlation parameters is studied, multiple-access characteristics in terms of the total interference parameter are evaluated and synchronous as well as asynchronous code generation is considered.1

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Viljoen, Gerhardus Petrus. "The development and implementation of new TTC flotation chemicals / Gerhardus Petrus Viljoen." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9716.

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Batch floats were done on Merensky ore from Section 10 at Impala Platinum. The ultimate objective of this project was a pilot plant trial and certain questions had to be answered before the trial could be conducted. To circumvent decomposition of trithiocarbonates (TIC's) in water, tablets, solvents and emulsions were prepared and tested as carriers of TIC's in the flotation system. The emulsion gave the best result. The decomposition rate of short chain ionic and covalent collectors in water were measured. In water iC3-TIC was less stable and decomposed faster than the corresponding xanthates. Long and short chain ionic TTC's, covalent TTC and long chain mercaptans were evaluated and compared to the standard collector. iC3-TTC dosed in an emulsion showed significant improvement on the standard at Impala Platinum. Combinations of the collectors also showed good results. Mineral potential data for the TTC's differed from xanthates. The TIC dosed as a powder or in emulsion showed a two step drop in potential. At this stage the only conclusion from this is that xanthates and TTC have a different mechanism of adsorption. Three collectors were chosen for testing on a continuous 60 litre cell at Impala Platinum. iC3-TTC dosed in water and the emulsion were compared to the standard collector. A 2.8% and 5% improvement on PGM and nickel recovery was observed with the emulsion.<br>Thesis (MIng)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000

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Zhao, Liang. "Multi-area network analysis." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1482.

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After the deregulation of the power systems, the large-scale power systems may contain several areas. Each area has its own control center and each control center may have its own state estimator which processes the measurements received from its local substations. When scheduling power transactions, which involve several control areas a system-wide state estimation solution is needed. In this dissertation, an estimation approach which coordinates locally obtained decentralized estimates while improving bad data processing capability at the area boundaries is presented. It is assumed that synchronized phasor measurements from different area buses are available in addition to the conventional measurements provided by the substation remote terminal units. The estimator with hierarchical structure is implemented and tested using different measurement configurations for two systems having 118 and 4520 buses. Furthermore, we apply this multi-area solution scheme to the problem of Total Transfer Capability (TTC) calculation. In a restructured power system, the sellers and buyers of power transactions may be located in different areas. Computation of TTC will then require system-wide studies. We investigate a multi-area solution scheme, which takes advantage of the system-wide calculated Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) in order for each area to calculate its own TTC while a central entity coordinates these results to determine the final value. The proposed problem formulation and its solution algorithm are presented. 30 and 4520 bus test systems are used to demonstrate the approach and numerically verify the proposed TTC calculation method.

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MARTINELLI, PAOLA. "Codifica e modulazione per una maggiore robustezza al Jamming del collegamento satellitare TTC." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/214223.

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Karjalainen, M. (Marika). "Optimizing reaction conditions for an LPMO-enzyme from Trichoderma reesei with a downscaled TTC-assay." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711293191.

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<div lang="en" class="abs"> Abstract The increasing awareness of the causes and consequences of climate chance has led to actions to reduce the dependency on oil and other finite energy and raw material sources. Plant biomass is used in increasing amounts as a resource for biofuel, biochemical and fiber production. Carbohydrate enzymology has provided new ways to utilize and modify renewable carbon sources, especially the lignocellulolytic systems of fungi. Cellulolytic enzymes work in a synergistic manner on recalcitrant structure of cellulose, hydrolyzing it into soluble oligosaccharides, and eventually, glucose. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) contribute to this system by oxidizing either C1- or C4-carbon from the carbohydrate chain on a crystalline cellulose with the help of copper-core induced radicals, thus creating available substrates for the other cellulolytic enzymes. Since their discovery in 2010, the research on their activities and specificities have increased rapidly, but the analytical methods to investigate this diverse group of enzymes is mostly limited to short and soluble products, which are only a fraction of the oxidation products. In addition, most of the methods require special equipment, wide range of standards and expertise to interpret the results. In this study, HPLC and HPAEC-PAD were tested, unsuccessfully, to quantify soluble products from LPMO-catalysis. A TTC-method, in which 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride is reduced into red and spectrophotometrically quantifiable formazan by reducing ends from insoluble LPMO-products, was successfully optimized and downscaled, and used to optimize reaction conditions for a type 3 LPMO from Trichoderma reesei, TrAA9A, with Whatman filter paper 1 as a substrate. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pH, temperature, donor, time and the presence/absence of H₂O₂ to the accumulation of reducing ends. The results did not show any substantial differences in the accumulation of aldehydes in different reaction conditions. This study showed that cellulose degrades in the presence of TrAA9A and an electron donor. The greatest effects were observed with longer reaction times and the addition of H₂O₂, both increasing the amount of measured aldehydes in the insoluble products. The highest yield was recorded from the reactions with gallic acid as a donor at pH 6, and in the presence of 0.7 mM H₂O₂. The results from this study could lead to understanding the rate-limiting factors of the LPMOs and further improve the utilization of this enzyme in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass.

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Karunakaran, Chandrapriya. "Role of Cavitation during Bulk ultrasound Ablation: Ex vivo and In vivo Studies." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1343051845.

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Casas, Atala Mariana Victoria. "Caractérisation de modèles animaux pour l' étude des différents types de motoneurones." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066014.

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Bensalem, Mohamed. "Développement d’imagerie THz de champs de teneur en eau et de température en vue de la caractérisation thermique et massique de coefficients de diffusions." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0176/document.

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Le mouvement d’humidité dans le réseau poreux de certains matériaux est très souvent à l’origine de phénomènes préjudiciables pour la durabilité des constructions du génie civil. C’est en particulier le cas pour le séchage du bois, générateur de fissures et de délaminations aux interfaces de collage, et pour le béton en situation d’incendie où le mouvement d’humidité peut induire des désordres irréversibles (écaillage). Le recours à des modèles prédictifs de ruine des structures nécessite donc la simulation du mouvement d’humidité au sein des matériaux. Ces modèles de transfert de masse et de chaleur sont sophistiqués et nécessitent d’être confrontés à des mesures afin d’être validés. Peu de techniques expérimentales existent pour mesurer les mouvements ou gradients d’humidité dans les réseaux poreux, en particulier en régime transitoire (séchage, incendie). Les techniques existantes sont de plus généralement coûteuses et imposent des conditions sévères de sécurité pour les chercheurs. L’objectif de la thèse est donc de mettre au point un dispositif de mesure de gradients d’humidité basé sur l’imagerie Térahertz. Il s’agit d’une technique de mesure relativement peu onéreuse et permettant de réaliser des mesures en régime transitoire. Un banc expérimental existant sera donc adapté à la mesure du champ d’humidité sur éprouvettes de bois en conditions thermo-hydriques variables, et sur éprouvettes de béton en situation de chauffage. Les résultats constitueront une base de données utile à la compréhension des phénomènes de dégradation des matériaux et seront directement utilisables comme outil de validation de modèles de calcul<br>The movement of moisture in the porous network of certain materials is very often at the origin of phenomena prejudicial to the durability of the constructions of the civil engineering. This is particularly the case for the drying of wood, which creates cracks and delaminations at bonding interfaces, and for concrete in situations of fire where the movement of moisture can induce irreversible disorders (chipping). The use of predictive models of structural ruin therefore requires the simulation of the moisture movement within the materials. These mass and heat transfer models are sophisticated and need to be confronted with measurements in order to be validated. Few experimental techniques exist to measure moisture movements or gradients in porous networks, especially in transient conditions (drying, fire). Existing techniques are often expensive and impose severe conditions of safety for the researchers. The objective of the thesis is therefore to develop a device for measuring gradients of moisture based on Terahertz imagery. This is a comparatively inexpensive measuring technique and makes it possible to carry out transient measurements. An existing experimental bench will therefore be adapted to the measurement of the moisture field on wood specimens under variable water-moisture conditions and on concrete specimens in a heating situation. The results will constitute a database useful for understanding the phenomena of degradation of materials and will be directly usable as a validation tool for calculation models

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Baser, Abdul Jabar. "THE ROLE OF VISUAL AIDS IN TEACHING : A study of visual aids used by TTC teachers in two provinces of Afghanistan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-31081.

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This research is about the usage of visual aids in education which takes place in teacher training colleges (TTCs) of Afghanistan. The data is collected from two TTCs, Kabul and Wardak provinces. It covers a specific area, which is the use of visual aids during teaching and learning. The views of 100 teachers regarding usage of visual aids, providing visual aids, as well as male and female differences are considered and views of experienced and less experienced teachers are investigated. The necessary data is collected by using questionnaires. The responses of teachers’ show, that all of them use visual aids. Some teachers use less and some of them use more visual aids during teaching and learning. All respondents believe on the importance of using visual aids. Also the result shows that male and female teachers use the visual aids but, with some differences, as it is clearly shown in the findings some use one type, but some use other types. Kabul TTC teachers use more visual aids than Wardak province TTC teachers. In addition to that the important finding is the differences between experienced and less experienced teachers, the junior teachers use more visual aids than senior or experienced ones. These findings would not be generalized for the whole country. But it could be considered for the central region of Afghanistan, because the two TTCs are located in the central region of Afghanistan.

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Books on the topic "TTC"

Filey, Mike. The TTC story: The first seventy-five years. Dundurn Press, 1996.

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Commission, Toronto Transit. Back to basics: A TTC strategy for the 1990's. TTC, 1989.

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Soberman, Richard M. The track ahead: Organization of the TTC under the new amalgamated City of Toronto. Toronto Transit Commission], 1997.

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Endara, Ernesto. Tic--tac--. Editorial Mariano Arosemena del Instituto Nacional de Cultura, 1993.

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Luján, Jorge Elías. Tic tac. Alfaguara/Santillana, 2002.

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Huws, Emily. Tic toc. Gomer, 1994.

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Musée de design et d'arts appliqués contemporains., ed. Tac tic. mudac/Birkhäuser, 2006.

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Lefoka, J. P. Primary teacher education in action: A peep into the TTC classrooms at the National Teacher Training College, Lesotho. Centre for International Education, University of Sussex, 2002.

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Glorieux, Karine. Mademoiselle Tic Tac. Québec Amérique, 2009.

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Mbaya, Kamiyah. TTC Journey. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "TTC"

Schinner, Franz, Richard Öhlinger, and Ellen Kandeler. "Bestimmung der Dehydrogenase-Aktivität mit TTC." In Bodenbiologische Arbeitsmethoden. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97284-3_42.

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Pyrc, J., and H. Zwipp. "Tibiotalokalkaneare (TTC-)- Arthrodese mit retrogradem Nagel." In Sprunggelenk und Rückfuß. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45571-5_15.

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He, Jilin, Ekaterina Borisova, and Georg Rehm. "Towards a Novel Classification of Table Types in Scholarly Publications." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65794-8_3.

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AbstractTables are one of the prevalent means of organising and representing structured data. They contain a wealth of valuable information that is challenging to extract automatically, yet can be leveraged for downstream tasks such as question answering and knowledge base construction. Table Type Classification (TTC) is one of the tasks which contributes to better semantic understanding and extraction of knowledge in tabular data. While multiple classification schemas exist, almost all of them are focused on web tables. Therefore, these classifications might overlook certain types which are common in other areas such as scientific research. This paper addresses this gap by introducing ten novel TTC taxonomies tailored towards tables used in scholarly publications. We also evaluate the applicability of taxonomies derived from web tables to scientific tables. Additionally, we propose a new dataset containing 13,000 annotated table images, called TD4CLTabs. Our results indicate that both existing and newly proposed taxonomies are suitable and effective for classifying scientific tables.

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Zhang, Feng, and Jun Chen. "Infarct Measurement in Focal Cerebral Ischemia: TTC Staining." In Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-782-8_9.

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Moorthy, S. N., M. S. Sajeev, R. P. K. Ambrose, and R. J. Anish. "Conclusions and future prospects." In Tropical tuber starches: structural and functional characteristics. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394811.0264.

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Abstract This book chapter outlines the future steps in improving the status of the tropical tuber crops: (1) reduce the period of maturity of all the TTCs to 110-150 days, (2) improve the tuber shape and make them more definitive in shape, (3) improve plant architecture to attain a harvest index of 0.70, (4) eliminate antinutritional factors and improve nutritive values, (5) impart resistance to the three major biotic problems afflicting the TTCs: CMD (cassava mosaic disease), taro leaf blight and sweet potato weevil, (6) introduce determinacy in cassava and yams, (7) increase the post-harvest storage life, (8) reduce the loss during post-harvest storage, transportation and processing, (9) use biotechnological means to alter starch characteristics like amylose content, chain length and phosphorus content in starch, (10) it is also suggested that there should be a 'starch bank', which acts as a repository of different starches and provides information on all physicochemical and functional properties for various applications to researchers and industries, and (11) an organization to carry out exclusive research on tuber starches may be established in any of the TTC-growing countries.

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Sathyanvesh, R., Jayanthi K. Murthy, Chandrakala G. Raju, and H. N. Suma. "FPGA Implementation of TTC and OBC for a Cubesat." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7198-3_16.

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Damigos, Gerasimos, Nefeli Zerva, Angelos Pavlopoulos, et al. "Automated TTC Image-Based Analysis of Mouse Brain Lesions." In Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07704-3_11.

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Doi, Hirokazu, and Kazuhiro Ueda. "Estimating TTC (Time-To-Collision) Of Non-Rigid Approaching Objects." In Studies in Perception and Action VIII. Psychology Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003417972-19.

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An, Jianping, Kai Yang, Xiaozheng Gao, and Neng Ye. "Compressive Sensing-Based Dynamic Estimation in Unified Laser TTC System." In Sustainable Wireless Communications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0448-6_6.

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Sabikan, Sulaiman, Sophan Wahyudi Nawawi, and Nor Azlina Ab Aziz. "UAV Control System with Time to Collision (TTC) Prediction Capability." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8129-5_78.

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Conference papers on the topic "TTC"

Ali, Nurdin, Syarizal Fonna, Yumaidi Saputra, and Joli Supardi. "Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Properties of <i>Syzygium cumini </i>Fruit as a Corrosion Inhibitor." In The 2nd International Conferences on Applied Engineering, Science, Technology and Innovation. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-d9oud2.

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Syzygium cumini is a plant belonging to the Myrtaceae family and is widely used in medicine and food. However, its application in the engineering field is still very minimal, particularly as an anti-corrosion material. There are also limited studies on the quantitative screening of phytochemical and bioactivity of S. cumini. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the chemical compounds of S. cumini fruit as a corrosion inhibitor as well as determine total tannin (TTC) and flavonoid (TFC) content. The extraction process was carried out with a soxhlet extractor using 96% ethanol solvent. Characterization was then conducted using FTIR (Fourier Transfer Infrared) test and total antioxidant test with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Spectrum analysis showed the presence of Hydroxyl (O-H), Alkane (C-H), Carbonyl (C=O), Aromatic Ether (C-O), and Amine (C-N) functional groups. The results also revealed that TTC was 26.83% higher, while TFC was 2.11%. In addition, S. cumini fruit was reported to contain high functional groups and antioxidant compounds, which were useful as active molecular inhibitor ingredients.

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Mohammadi, Hadiseh, Alireza Chiniforush, Sardar Malek, and Tuan Ngo. "NUMERICAL STUDY ON TIMBER-TIMBER COMPOSITE (TTC) FLOORS." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025. World Conference On Timber Engineering 2025, 2025. https://doi.org/10.52202/080513-0664.

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Janić, Marijana, Aleksandar Krstić, Ana Valenta Šobot, et al. "DIFFERENCE IN PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY SCREENING OF TWO METHANOLIC SAGE EXTRACTS." In 8th Workshop Food and Drug Safety and Qualit. Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/8fdsq.pb3mj.

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Sage has been used in traditional medicine to prevent and treat many health problems. This study aimed to determine and compare the phytochemical composition and antioxidative activity of sage leaf extracts obtained with 50% methanol (50MSE) and 80% methanol (80MSE). We determined the total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) in extracts. Terpenoids were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and the radical scavenging capacity of extracts was measured using DPPH assay. TPC was higher in 80MSE, TTC was higher in 50MSE, and TFC did not differ. GC–MS analysis showed that the content of α-thujone and L-camphor was low in both extracts, with higher content in 50MSE. DPPH assay indicated that a slightly lower IC50 value and higher antioxidant potential had 80MSE. Results pointed out that the polarity of the solvent and water content had different effects on the extraction of polyphenols and terpenoids.

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Jocić, Ana, Slađana Marić, Jasmina Mušović, Danijela Tekić, and Aleksandra Dimitrijević. "EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF DELTAMETHRIN AND CLOMAZONE FROM WATER USING IONIC LIQUID-BASED AQUEOUS BIPHASIC SYSTEMS." In 8th Workshop Food and Drug Safety and Qualit. Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/8fdsq.pb4aj.

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Gage, Scott, Alan Polivka, Shad Pate, and W. David Mauger. "Positive Train Control System Testing." In 2014 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2014-3866.

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For the last several years, the railroad industry has been developing various elements for typical Positive Train Control (PTC) systems and has been demonstrating their functionality. In order to test the capabilities of these systems, Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI), the industry, and Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) have guided and funded the development of the PTC Test Bed located at the Transportation Technology Center (TTC) in Pueblo, Colorado. Recent upgrades to the PTC Test Bed at TTC have enhanced the capabilities to support on-track testing of Interoperable Train Control (ITC aka I-ETMS®) system/subsystem functionality (including radio communications), interoperability, and performance/stress characterization. Now, onboard, wayside, and office additions have been made for the PTC Test Bed to support testing associated with Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System (ACSES) II systems and equipment. In support of train control objectives, TTCI has also implemented a broken rail detection test bed, which has produced some interesting results.

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Tian, Kuo, Frederik Arbeiter, Dirk Eilert, et al. "New Progresses in the IFMIF Target and Test Cell Design and a Proposal for the Specimen Flow." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29427.

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The development of the conceptual design of the IFMIF Target and Test Cell (TTC) is briefly summarized by outlining the previous reference TTC design and the current Modular TTC (MTC) concept. Based on the MTC concept, the latest progresses of the preliminary engineering design of the key TTC components, including the TTC vessel, the Top Shielding Plugs (TSPs), the Removable Intermediate Ring (RIR), and the Test Module Interface Head (TMIH), are described. A specimen flow, based on handling requirements of the High Flux Test Module (HFTM), between the TTC, Access Cell (AC), Test Module Handling Cell (TMHC) and the Post Irradiation Examination (PIE) facilities is proposed as well as the function of the AC and TMHC is preliminary defined. The TMHC is proposed to be divided into a Component Handling Cell (CHC) and a Rig Handling Cell (RHC) regarding the dimension differences of the components to be handled inside of the cells. The recycling of the irradiated specimens for another campaign of irradiation is also considered in this specimen flow.

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Zhu, Shaopeng, Yuanning Tang, Bing Li, Xiaoliang Wang, and Huipeng Chen. "Angle-Weighted Time-to-Collision Algorithm for Enhanced Obstacle Avoidance in Autonomous Driving." In SAE 2024 Vehicle Powertrain Diversification Technology Forum. SAE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4271/2025-01-7022.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">To tackle the challenge of accurately predicting collision times for autonomous vehicles navigating complex dynamic obstacles, this paper proposes an innovative Angle-Weighted Time-to-Collision (AW-TTC) algorithm. Traditional TTC algorithms are known for their computational simplicity and strong real-time performance, making them widely applicable across various driving scenarios. However, they often struggle with predictive accuracy when encountering obstacles moving at angles, which can delay vehicle response and compromise overall safety. To address this limitation, this study introduces a modification to the traditional TTC algorithm by incorporating an angle-based weighting factor, improving collision time prediction accuracy. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) experimental setup was developed, utilizing a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) and the SCANeR simulation platform to simulate dynamic obstacles in complex traffic scenarios. The AW-TTC algorithm’s performance was then evaluated, particularly in predicting collision times for obstacles with motion angles. Experimental results demonstrate that the AW-TTC algorithm significantly enhances predictive accuracy, achieving an average improvement of 0.8 seconds in collision time estimates compared to traditional TTC algorithms. Furthermore, it enables an increase in maximum vehicle speed by 4 km/h while maintaining safety standards. In summary, the AW-TTC algorithm not only improves collision time prediction accuracy in complex traffic scenarios but also enhances the system’s ability to manage angled obstacles effectively. These results highlight its potential as a reliable solution for obstacle avoidance in future autonomous driving systems, ensuring both safety and performance.</div></div>

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Dubruel, D., P. Y. Renaud, C. Dreyer, et al. "Exomars high gain TTC antenna overview." In 2014 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2014.6901736.

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Brandao De Souza Mendes, Eduardo, Sophie Baron, Csaba Soos, Logan Saint-Germain, and Francois Vasey. "Demonstrating TTC-PON Robustness and Flexibility." In Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics. Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.313.0124.

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Trukhin, M. V., V. A. Sergeev, and A. A. Chertoriysky. "THE POSSIBILITIES OF OPTIMIZING THE OPERATING MODE OF CMOS DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS FOR MEASURING THEIR TRANSIENT THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS." In Actual problems of physical and functional electronics. Ulyanovsk State Technical University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61527/appfe-2024.25-27.

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The results of measurements of the transient thermal characteristics (TTC) of CMOS digital integrated circuits (DIC) for using the voltage out low and voltage out high as temperature-sensitive parameters (TSP) are presented. Options for improving the accuracy of measuring the CMOS TTC DIC at a low supply voltage are considered.

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Reports on the topic "TTC"

Yu, Beibei, Yongfeng Zhang, and Shouping Gong. Effects of miRNA-modified exosomes alleviate cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in Pre-clinical Studies: A Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0062.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of miRNA-modified exosomes in alleviating cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury compared with the non-treatment group. The research object is an animal model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. The research method is a controlled study. The primary outcome of this study was infarct volume, and the secondary outcome was neurobehavioral performance. Main outcome(s): The primary outcome of this study was Infarct volumes，which was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetranzolium chloride (TTC) staining. And it was calculated as followed: Infarct volume % = lesion area of each section = (contralateral hemisphere area/ipsilateral hemisphere area) × ipsilateral lesion area. Neurobehavioral performance was the secondary outcome, and was assessed by three scoring scales: modified neurological severity score (mNSS), Longa scoring system and neurological deficit score (NDS).

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Pareizs, J. M., and E. K. Hansen. Rheology and TIC/TOC results of ORNL tank samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1079894.

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Akbari, Chirag, Ninad Gore, and Srinivas Pulugurtha. Understanding the Effect of Pervasive Events on Vehicle Travel Time Patterns. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2319.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted daily activities and travel patterns, affecting personal and commercial trips. This study investigates the effect of different stages of the pandemic on travel time patterns. Eighty-six geographically distributed links (sections of road) in Mecklenburg County and Buncombe County, North Carolina, were selected for analysis. The selected links accounted for the variation in road geometry, land use, and speed limit. Travel time data for three years (i.e., 2019, 2020, and 2021) were extracted from a private data source at 5-min intervals. Travel time reliability (TTR) and travel time variability (TTV) are estimated for different phases of the pandemic and compared to analyze the effect of COVID-19 on TTR and TTV. The seasonal arithmetic integrated moving average (SARIMA) model was developed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on average daily travel time patterns. Unreliable and uncertain travel times were observed on lower speed limit links during the off-peak hours while reliable and certain travel times were observed during morning and evening peak hours of the COVID-19 pandemic. This highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the scheduling of trips. For higher speed limits, travel times were reliable and certain during off-peak and peak hours. Among the different phases of COVID-19, significant improvement in TTR and TTV was observed during Phase II, which could be attributed to stay-at-home directives. Trucks followed a similar pattern as passenger cars. Post-COVID-19, i.e., for 2021, travel times were reliable and certain for most links during the morning peak hours. The SARIMA model revealed a significant effect of COVID-19 on average daily travel time patterns. Stable travel time patterns were noted during Phase II of COVID-19. Moreover, a maximum reduction in travel time was observed during Phase II of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings emphasize the influence of government norms and regulations on travel time patterns during pervasive events such as COVID-19.

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Richardson, Jeffrey S. Comparison of Information Delay Types and Levels in Tactical TIC-TAC- TOE(T4). Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada267407.

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บุรณเวช, ศุภสวัสดิ์. การตรวจพิสูจน์และศึกษาเปรียบเทียบความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของเชื้อไวรัส Torque Teno Virus (TTV) ในสุกรประเทศไทย : รายงานวิจัย. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2013. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2013.89.

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เชื้อ TTV เป็น DNA ไวรัส ขนาดเล็ก สายเดี่ยว มีลักษณะเป็นวง ไม่ก่อให้เกิดโรค จัดอยู่ในตระกูล Anelloviridae ปัจจุบันมีข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับเชื้อ TTV ค่อนข้างน้อย ในสุกรเชื้อไวรัส TTV ทั้ง TTV1 และ TTV2 มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับเชื้อ PCV และ PRRS ร่วมทั้งการก่อให้เกิดกลุ่มอาการ PMWS และ PDNS ด้วย ดังนั้นเพื่อที่จะให้ได้ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์ที่จะทำการตรวจพิสูจน์ และศึกษาเปรียบเทียบความหลากหลายทางพันธุกรรมของเชื้อไวรัส TTV ในสุกรในประเทศไทย โดยใช้วิธี nPCR เพื่อตรวจหาเชื้อจากตัวอย่างซีรั่ม 30 ตัวอย่าง และตัวอย่างเนื้อเยื่อสุกร 20 ตัวอย่าง และเมื่อพบตัวอย่างที่ให้ผลบวกแล้ว จะนำไปส่งตรวจหาลำดับนิวคลีโอไทค์ต่อไป พบว่าอัตราความชุกของเชื้อ TTV1 และ TTV2 นั้นมีค่าเท่ากับ 57.50% และ 30.00% ตามลำดับ นอกจากนี้ยังพบการติดเชื้อร่วมกันของเชื้อ TTV1 และ TTV2 ในอัตรา 12.50% โดยเชื้อ TTV1 จะมีความเหมือนกันด้านพันธุกรรมสูงถึง 90-100% ในขณะที่เชื้อในกลุ่ม TTV2 จะมีความเหมือนกันภายในกลุ่มเพียง 60-98% เท่านั้น และจากการวิเคราะห์เปรียบเทียบโดยอาศัยแผนภูมิต้นไม้พบว่า เชื้อในกลุ่ม TTV1 จะมีลักษณะทางพันธุกรรมใกล้เคียงกับเชื้อไวรัส TTV สายพันธุ์ GDChina09 และ FJChina09 ที่แยกได้จากประเทศจีน ในขณะที่เชื้อในกลุ่ม TTV2 เชื้อที่แยกได้ แม้ว่าจะไม่ได้อยู่ใน clusters เดียวกัน แต่ก็บ่งชี้ว่ามีความใกล้ชิดกับเชื้อ TTV ของประเทศอูกันดาสายพันธุ์ KAS6-1 และ KLZ1031 จากผลการทดลองนี้ทำให้เราทราบว่าในประเทศไทยมีอัตราความชุกของเชื้อ TTV ของทั้งสองกลุ่มค่อนข้างสูง และมีความสัมพันธ์เกี่ยวกับสุกรที่ติดเชื้อ PCV, PRRS หรือ มีกลุ่มอาการของ PMWS และ PDNS ร่วมด้วย นอกจากนี้งานวิจัยชิ้นนี้ยังถือเป็นรายงานการตรวจพบเชื้อ TTV1 และ TTV2 เป็นครั้งแรกในประเทศไทยอีกด้วย

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Meharchand, Rhiannon T., Fredrik K. Tovesson, Alexander B. Laptev, and Krista C. Meierbachtol. TPC measurement support. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053133.

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Elmann, Anat, Orly Lazarov, Joel Kashman, and Rivka Ofir. therapeutic potential of a desert plant and its active compounds for Alzheimer's Disease. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7597913.bard.

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We chose to focus our investigations on the effect of the active forms, TTF and AcA, rather than the whole (crude) extract. 1. To establish cultivation program designed to develop lead cultivar/s (which will be selected from the different Af accessions) with the highest yield of the active compounds TTF and/or achillolide A (AcA). These cultivar/s will be the source for the purification of large amounts of the active compounds when needed in the future for functional foods/drug development. This task was completed. 2. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuronal vulnerability to oxidative stress in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants.Compounds were tested in N2a neuroblastoma cell line. In addition, we have tested the effects of TTF and AcA on signaling events promoted by H₂O₂ in astrocytes and by β-amyloid in neuronal N2a cells. 3. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuropathology (amyloidosis and tau phosphorylation) in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants. 4. To determine the effect of A¦ extract, AcA and TTF on FAD-linked neuropathology (amyloidosis, tau phosphorylation and inflammation) in transgenic mice. 5. To examine whether A¦ extract, TTF and AcA can reverse behavioral deficits in APPswe/PS1DE9 mice, and affect learning and memory and cognitive performance in these FAD-linked transgenic mice. Background to the topic.Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and amyloid beta (Ab) toxicity are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases. We have previously purified from Achilleafragrantissimatwo active compounds: a protective flavonoid named 3,5,4’-trihydroxy-6,7,3’-trimethoxyflavone (TTF, Fl-72/2) and an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenelactone named achillolide A (AcA). Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. In this study we could show that TTF and AcA protected cultured astrocytes from H₂O₂ –induced cell death via interference with cell signaling events. TTF inhibited SAPK/JNK, ERK1/2, MEK1 and CREBphosphorylation, while AcA inhibited only ERK1/2 and MEK1 phosphorylation. In addition to its protective activities, TTF had also anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibited the LPS-elicited secretion of the proinflammatorycytokinesInterleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1b from cultured microglial cells. Moreover, TTF and AcA protected neuronal cells from glutamate and Abcytotoxicity by reducing the glutamate and amyloid beta induced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and via interference with cell signaling events induced by Ab. These compounds also reduced amyloid precursor protein net processing in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease and improvedperformance in the novel object recognition learning and memory task. Conclusion: TTF and AcA are potential candidates to be developed as drugs or food additives to prevent, postpone or ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease. Implications, both scientific and agricultural.The synthesis ofAcA and TTF is very complicated. Thus, the plant itself will be the source for the isolation of these compounds or their precursors for synthesis. Therefore, Achilleafragrantissima could be developed into a new crop with industrial potential for the Arava-Negev area in Israel, and will generate more working places in this region.

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Wang, Yong-Yi. PR-350-154501-R01 Evaluation of Girth Weld Flaws in Vintage Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011600.

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Being able to estimate the tensile strain capacity (TSC) of vintage girth welds is sometimes necessary in the integrity management of vintage pipelines. For instance, assessing the girth weld integrity could be a top priority after a confirmed ground movement event. Decisions may also be needed about the disposition of a girth weld when weld anomalies are found. This project is aimed to develop a TSC estimation tool for vintage girth welds. The work includes two parts: (1) the development of a TSC estimation tool via numerical analysis and (2) the evaluation of the developed tool via experimental testing. This report covers both the development and evaluation of the TSC estimation tool. The tool was developed by taking the outcome of the case-specific TSC analysis using Level 4a procedures of the PRCI-CRES tensile strain models and considering large ranges of material and dimensional parameters. The curved wide plate (CWP) and accompanying small-scale tests were conducted to evaluate the tool. The applicability and limitations of the tool are covered in this report. The tool developed in this project has a user-friendly interface and an accompanying help manual. The tool takes user inputs, such as the geometry and material properties of pipe and weld, flaw dimensions, and pipeline pressure, and provides an estimated TSC. For the inputs that might not have readily available values, recommended values are provided. This tool allows the evaluation of the impact of various input parameters on TSC. The ability to estimate the TSC enables operators to assess the integrity of vintage girth welds, thus facilitating the prioritization of maintenance activities and reducing unnecessary remediation work.

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จันทองจีน, กาญจณา. ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างระยะการเจริญและการผลิตสารพิษอัมพาต และสารเทโทรโดท็อกซินในเชื้อ vibrio spp. : รายงานผลการวิจัย. จุฬาลงกรณ์์มหาวิทยาลัย, 1995. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1995.20.

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ได้ทดลองหาแบบการเจริญของเชื้อ Vibrio spp. 2 สายพันธุ์ คือ St-1-1 และ Sp-H-2 โดยนำมาสัมพันธ์กับการผลิตสารพิษอัมพาตจากหอย (PSP[subscript s]) และสารเทโทรโดท็อกซิน (TTX[subscript s]) ของเชื้อทั้งสอง พบว่าเชื้อทั้งสองแสดงลักษณะ viable but non-culturable ในช่วง declining phase มีการสร้างทั้ง PSP[subscript s] และ TTX[subscript s] ภายในเซลล์ในช่วงระยะ exponential phase และสร้างด้วยปริมาณที่ไม่คงที่ไปจนถึงระยะ stationary phase และ declining phase พบว่ามีการปล่อยสารพิษอนุพันธุ์ซัคซิท๊อกซิน (STX[subscript s]) และกอนิออท๊อกซิน (GTX[subscript s]) ออกมาสู่อาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อภายนอกเซลล์ทันทีที่สารนี้ถูกสร้างขึ้น ไม่พบสารอนุพันธุ์ TTX[subscript s] ในอาหารเลี้ยงเชื้อ แต่พบว่ามีสารนี้ปริมาณสูงอยู่ภายในเซลล์ ในบางระยะเชื้อสามารถผลิตสารทั้ง 3 อนุพันธุ์ได้พร้อมกัน หรือบางครั้งอาจสร้างพร้อมกันเพียง 2 อนุพันธุ์ พบว่าภาวะกรด-ด่างในขณะที่มีการผลิตสารพิษจะมีค่าเพิ่มขึ้นตามระยะเวลาที่เลี้ยงเชื้อซึ่งมีผลให้สารพิษที่ปล่อยออกสู่ภายนอกเซลล์สูญเสียคุณสมบัติจึงไม่สามารถตรวจพบสารเหล่านี้เมื่อเลี้ยงเชื้อไว้ตั้งแต่เวลา 168 ชั่วโมงเป็นต้นไป แต่ในเวลาดังกล่าวยังสามารถตรวจพบสารพิษภายในเซลล์ได้ จึงอาจเป็นการแสดงให้เห็นว่า pH น่าจะไม่มีอิทธิพลต่อการสร้างสารพิษของเซลล์ ผลการทดลองยืนยันว่าเชื้อแบคทีเรียสามารถสร้างสารพิษทั้ง 3 อนุพันธุ์ ได้ในเชื้อเดียวกัน

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McDonagh, Marian S., Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Benjamin Morasco, Devan Kansagara, and Roger Chou. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: May 2021 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccerplantpain3.

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Overview This is the third quarterly progress report for an ongoing living systematic review on cannabis and other plant-based treatments for chronic pain. The first progress report was published in January 2021 and the second in March 2021. The draft systematic review was available for public comment from May 19 through June 15, 2021, on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Effective Health Care website. The systematic review synthesizes evidence on the benefits and harms of plant-based compounds (PBCs), such as cannabinoids and kratom, used to treat chronic pain, addressing concerns about severe adverse effects, abuse, misuse, dependence, and addiction. The purpose of this progress report is to describe the cumulative literature identified thus far. This report will be periodically updated with new studies as they are published and identified, culminating in an annual systematic review that provides a synthesis of the accumulated evidence. Main Points In patients with chronic (mainly neuropathic) pain with short-term treatment (4 weeks to <6 months): • Studies of cannabis-related products were grouped based on their tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to cannabidiol (CBD) ratio using the following categories: high THC to CBD, comparable THC to CBD, and low THC to CBD. • Comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray is probably associated with small improvements in pain severity and may be associated with small improvements in function. There was no effect in pain interference or serious adverse events. There may be a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea. • Synthetic THC (high THC to CBD) may be associated with moderate improvement in pain severity and increased risk of sedation, and large increased risk of nausea. Synthetic THC is probably associated with a large increased risk of dizziness. • Extracted whole-plant high THC to CBD ratio products may be associated with large increases in risk of withdrawal due to adverse events and dizziness. • Evidence on whole-plant cannabis, low THC to CBD ratio products (topical CBD), other cannabinoids (cannabidivarin), and comparisons with other active interventions was insufficient to draw conclusions. • Other key adverse event outcomes (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, cognitive deficits) and outcomes on the impact on opioid use were not reported. • No evidence on other plant-based compounds, such as kratom, met criteria for this review.

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