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Azizah, Nurul, Masrulita Masrulita, Suryati Suryati, Suryati Suryati, and Syamsul Bahri. "PENGARUH KECEPATAN PENGADUKAN DAN DOSIS PENAMBAHAN KOAGULAN ALAMI DARI SELULOSA KULIT BIJI BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annus L) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR TSS DAN TDS." Chemical Engineering Journal Storage 1, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/cejs.v1i2.5036.
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Laundry merupakan suatu proses kompleks yang melibatkan interaksi antara beberapa faktor fisik dan kimiawi. Air limbah yang dihasilkan dari proses laundry mempunyai komposisi dan kandungan yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh waktu pengadukan dan dosis penambahan koagulan terhadap penurunan, TDS dan TSS pada limbah laundry. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil ekstrak selulosa kulit biji bunga matahari melalui proses ekstraksi menggunakan larutan asam nitrit yang selanjutnya dipanaskan di atas hot plate kemudian dicuci. Selanjutnya didelignifikasi dengan larutan NaOH kemudian dicuci lalu dilakukan pemutihan dengan NaOCl kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam oven sehingga diperoleh selulosa. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode jar tes, selanjutnya dianalisa kadar TDS dan TSS, serta suhu dan pH. yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini menunjukkan kadar TDS dan TSS pada sampel masing-masing mencapai 450 mg/l, dan 400 mg/l. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses flokulasi dan koagulasi dengan metode jar tes didapatkan hasil penurunan kadar TDS dengan koagulan selulosa kuit biji bunga matahari 387 mg/l (dosis 700 mg/l, 40 rpm). Dalam penurunan kadar TSS diperoleh 100 mg/l (dosis 700 mg/l, 40 rpm). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh selulosa kulit biji bunga matahari mampu menurunkan kadar TDS dan TSS pada limbah laundry.
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Muliyadi, Muliyadi. "Comparative Test Of Effectiveness Between Lotus (Nymphaea Firecrest) And Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) To Reduce Tofu Wastewater Pollutants." Jurnal Kesehatan Prima 14, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jkp.v14i1.277.
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Tofu industrial liquid waste is waste generated in the process of making tofu or when washing soybeans. In Ternate City, North Maluku, tofu waste is generally discharged into the sea; this causes environmental pollution. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of lotus (Nymphaea Firecrest) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to reduce levels of pollutants TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in tofu wastewater in the Tofu Industry in Jambula Village by "phytoremediation process." The research method used in this study is the Experiment Method. The sample total used is 30 liters. From the results of this study indicate that the results of the first examination for water hyacinth, TDS 525mg / l and TSS 449mg / l and lotus, TDS 598 mg / l and TSS 421mg / l, for the second examination for water hyacinth, TDS 445mg / l, and TSS 330mg / l and for lotus, TDS 598 mg / l, and TSS 421mg / l, and for the third examination of water hyacinth, TDS 720mg / l, and TSS 311mg / l and for lotus, TDS 600mg / l and TSS 419mg / l. It can conclude that the most effective way to reduce TSS (Total Suspended Solid) and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) content is by using Water Hyacinth
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L.Toruan, Ino Eben Lasroha, Sirajudin Haji Abdullah, Sukmawaty Sukmawaty, and Diah Ajeng Setiawati. "Application of Electrocoagulation for Wastewater Treatment of Tofu Production." Protech Biosystems Journal 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/protech.v1i1.6001.
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This study aims to process tofu wastewater by using the electrocoagulation method and determine TSS, TDS, and pH efficiency. The Electrocoagulation system was designed based on an electrocoagulation general standard called batch systems. This study used voltage variations of 10, 20, and 30 volts and exposure time during 60, 120, and 180 minutes. The parameters observed were Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), and acidity (pH). This study used fresh tofu wastewater with temperature 40-50oC, with a volume of 2000 ml wastewater in one time of electrocoagulation process. The results showed that the designed electrocoagulation system could reduce TSS concentration until 72.2% and TDS 15.4% and increasing pH approaching the neutral value. However, the concentration value of TSS and TDS was still above the quality standard. Initial characteristics of tofu wastewater with pH 4.6, TSS 2396.4 mg/L, and TDS 2975.1 mg/L after electrocoagulation process gained pH values 6.5, TSS 1072.7 mg/L, and TDS 2621.6 mg/L.
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Widayanti, Galih, Didik Setiyo Widodo, and Abdul Haris. "Elektrodekolorisasi Perairan Tercemar Limbah Cair Industri Batik dan Tekstil di Daerah Batang dan Pekalongan." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 15, no. 2 (August 1, 2012): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.15.2.62-69.
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Telah dilakukan elektrodekolorisasi air yang tercemar limbah industri Batik dan Tekstil di daerah Batang dan Pekalongan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekolorisasi zat warna dalam air limbah industri batik dan tekstil dengan pendekatan elektrolisis menggunakan elektroda PbO2/Pb dan mengukur parameter pH, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Disolved Solid). Penelitian dilakukan melalui elektrolisis 100 mL limbah air sungai Pekalongan dan Batang pada potensial 6,5 volt dan 8,0 volt untuk limbah sebelum di buang ke sungai. Waktu elektrolisis selama 200 menit. Hasil akhir elektrolisis dianalisis dengan Spektrometer UV-Vis dan analisis parameter pH, COD, TDS dan TSS sebelum dan sesudah proses elektrolisis. Hasil yang di dapatkan sebagai berikut: sebelum elektrolisis limbah air sungai di Pekalongan pH 6,90; COD 54,20 mg/L; TSS 20,30 mg/L; TDS 1,893 mg/L. Limbah air sungai di Batang pH 6,71; COD 56,18 mg/L; TSS 25,55 mg/L; TDS 7,393 mg/L. Limbah sebelum di buang ke sungai pH 7,32; COD 678,32 mg/L; TSS 219,15 mg/L; TDS 1,983 mg/L. Sesudah elektrolisis limbah air sungai di Pekalongan pH 6,99; COD 52,10 mg/L; TSS 2,03 mg/L; TDS 1,925 mg/L. Limbah air sungai di Batang pH 7,99; COD 69,903 mg/L; TSS10,70 mg/L; TDS 6,785 mg/ L. Limbah sebelum di buang ke sungai pH 7,56; COD 366,830 mg/L; TSS 46,50 mg/L; TDS2,235 mg/L. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan dekolorisasi menggunakan elektroda PbO2/Pb berlangsung hingga 94,03% untuk limbah air sungai di Pekalongan, 96,74 % untuk limbah air sungai di Batang, 97,13 % untuk limbah sebelum dibuang ke sungai.
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Zhang, Shuqin, Yanzhu Zheng, Chunlei Liu, Zhefan Huang, Hanwei Weng, Jianjun Xu, and Shifei Tu. "Climatology of Different Classifications of Tropical Cyclones Landfalling in Guangdong Province of China during 1951–2020." Atmosphere 13, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081306.
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The climatology of different classifications (based on the intensity at the landfall time) of tropical cyclones (TCs) making landfall in Guangdong Province of China during 1951–2020 (70 years) is investigated using the best track data from the China Meteorological Administration and ERA5 reanalysis data. There were 234 TCs making landfall in Guangdong Province, with more severe tropical storms (STSs, 30.8%) and typhoons (TYs, 27.3%), and less tropical depressions (TDs, 19.7%) and tropical storms (TSs, 22.2%) during the past 70 years. The frequency of the landfall TCs had a significant interannual oscillation of 2–5 years. Landfall TCs generated over the western North Pacific (WNP) were usually more and stronger than those generated over the South China Sea (SCS). The TCs generated over the WNP had longer lifetime duration and shorter on-land duration than those generated over the SCS. TCs making landfall in western Guangdong were the most, followed by central Guangdong and eastern Guangdong. The composite analysis using TC-relative coordinates indicated that the precipitation of different classifications of TCs making landfall in Guangdong Province was asymmetric, which was stronger in the south of the TC center. The position of the maximum precipitation showed a cyclonic rotation around the TC center with increasing TC intensity. Generally, the vertical velocity, moisture flux, warm core, and vertical wind shear enhanced with the increasing landfall TC intensity. The vertical velocity and moisture flux of different classifications of TCs also showed an asymmetric structure related to the distribution of TC precipitation. TSs, STSs, and TYs had a double warm-core configuration. The precipitation of the TDs and TSs usually occurred over the down-shear of average vertical wind shear, those of the STSs and TYs over the left-of-shear.
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Yang, S., X. Zou, and P. S. Ray. "Comparison of TC Temperature and Water Vapor Climatologies between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans from GPS RO Observations." Journal of Climate 31, no. 20 (October 2018): 8557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0074.1.
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Tropical cyclone (TC) temperature and water vapor structures are essential atmospheric variables. In this study, global positioning system (GPS) radio occultation (RO) observations from the GPS RO mission named the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding on board both MetOp-A and MetOp-B satellites over the 9-yr period from 2007 to 2015 are used to generate a set of composite structures of temperature and water vapor fields within tropical depressions (TDs), tropical storms (TSs), and hurricanes (HUs) over the Atlantic Ocean and TDs, TSs, and typhoons (TYs) over the western Pacific Ocean. The composite TC structures are different over the two oceanic regions, reflecting different climatological environments. The warm cores for TCs over the western Pacific Ocean have higher altitudes and larger sizes than do those over the Atlantic Ocean for all storm categories. A radial variation of the warm-core temperature anomaly with descending altitude is seen, probably resulting from spiral cloud and rainband features. The large TC water vapor pressure anomalies, which are often more difficult to obtain than temperature anomalies, are located below the maximum warm-core temperature anomaly centers. Thus, the maximum values of the fractional water vapor pressure anomaly, defined as the anomaly divided by the environmental value, for TSs and HUs over the Atlantic Ocean (1.4% for TSs and 2.2% for HUs) are higher than those for TSs and TYs over the western Pacific Ocean (1.2% for TSs and 1.4% for TYs). These TC structures are obtained only after a quality control procedure is implemented, which consists of a range check that removes negative refractivity values and unrealistic temperature values, as well as a biweight check that removes data that deviate from the biweight mean by more than 3 times the biweight standard deviation. A limitation of the present study is an inability to resolve the TC inner-core structures because of a lack of sufficient RO profiles that collocate with TCs in their inner-core regions and the relatively coarse along-track resolutions of GPS RO data.
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Rahadi, Bambang, Alexander Tunggul Sutan Haji, and Andry Pratama Ariyanto. "Prediksi TDS, TSS, dan Kedalaman Waduk Selorejo menggunakan Aerial Image Processing." Jurnal Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan 7, no. 2 (August 27, 2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsal.2020.007.02.3.
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van Erp, Teun, Carl Foster, and Jos J. de Koning. "Relationship Between Various Training-Load Measures in Elite Cyclists During Training, Road Races, and Time Trials." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0722.
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Purpose: The relationship between various training-load (TL) measures in professional cycling is not well explored. This study investigated the relationship between mechanical energy spent (in kilojoules), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), Lucia training impulse (LuTRIMP), and training stress score (TSS) in training, races, and time trials (TT). Methods: For 4 consecutive years, field data were collected from 21 professional cyclists and categorized as being collected in training, racing, or TTs. Kilojoules (kJ) spent, sRPE, LuTRIMP, and TSS were calculated, and the correlations between the various TLs were made. Results: 11,655 sessions were collected, from which 7596 sessions had heart-rate data and 5445 sessions had an RPE score available. The r between the various TLs during training was almost perfect. The r between the various TLs during racing was almost perfect or very large. The r between the various TLs during TTs was almost perfect or very large. For all relationships between TSS and 1 of the other measurements of TL (kJ spent, sRPE, and LuTRIMP), a significant different slope was found. Conclusion: kJ spent, sRPE, LuTRIMP, and TSS all have a large or almost perfect relationship with each other during training, racing, and TTs, but during racing, both sRPE and LuTRIMP have a weaker relationship with kJ spent and TSS. Furthermore, the significant different slope of TSS vs the other measurements of TL during training and racing has the effect that TSS collected in training and road races differs by 120%, whereas the other measurements of TL (kJ spent, sRPE, and LuTRIMP) differ by only 73%, 67%, and 68%, respectively.
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Miranda, Bruna Luísa Gomes de, Thalles Marciano de Santana Ferreira, Isabela Naves de Sousa, Ana Beatriz Dantas Mendes, Ana Carolina Lúcio Pereira da Silva, Clélia Carla de Medeiros Carvalho Azevedo, Iasmin Matias de Sousa, and Márcia Marília Gomes Dantas Lopes. "Comparação entre parâmetros de avaliação do estado nutricional e força de preensão palmar em indivíduos com tumores sólidos e hematológicos." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 15, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): e9642. http://dx.doi.org/10.25248/reas.e9642.2022.
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Objetivo: Comparar parâmetros de avaliação nutricional e capacidade funcional em indivíduos com tumores sólidos (TSs) e hematológicos (THs). Métodos: Estudo transversal de amostragem não probabilística, incluindo adultos e idosos com câncer. Dados foram coletados via questionário, consulta ao prontuário, e avaliação do estado nutricional de pacientes no Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Natal – RN. Parâmetros avaliados: Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Perímetro do Braço (PB), Dobra Cutânea Tricipital (DCT), espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar (MAP), capacidade funcional por Força de Preensão Palmar, Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida pelo Próprio Paciente (ASG-PPP) e risco de sarcopenia pelo GripBMI. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas nos dados descritivos. Indivíduos com TSs apresentaram menores médias em IMC (22,2kg/m²), PB (26,1cm), DCT (13,2mm), e classificações mais comprometidas pela ASG-PPP (B e C). Todos os indivíduos com TSs e 60% dos com THs apresentaram desnutrição pelo MAP. 37% dos com TSs apresentaram risco de sarcopenia pelo GripBMI, enquanto nenhum dos com THs apresentou. Conclusão: Indivíduos com TSs apresentam maior comprometimento nutricional comparados aos com THs. Os achados mostram a importância do olhar diferenciado para o cuidado nutricional com relação ao sítio tumoral.
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Bonifazi, C., F. Svelto, and J. Sabbagh. "TSS core equipment." Il Nuovo Cimento C 17, no. 1 (January 1994): 13–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02506679.
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Bergamaschi, S., and C. Bonifazi. "TSS core equipment." Il Nuovo Cimento C 17, no. 1 (January 1994): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02506684.
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Purnamawati, K. Yogi, IW Budiarsa Suyasa, and IG Mahardika. "PENURUNAN KADAR RHODAMIN B DALAM AIR LIMBAH DENGAN BIOFILTRASI SISTEM TANAMAN." ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2015.v09.i02.p08.
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The textile industry is growing rapidly and as the result it’s producing waste that can harm the environment. One of which is rhodamine B. Rhodamine B is a synthetics dyes that have a form crystalline which an organic base containing amino groups, so it is difficult to degrade naturally by microorganism. Biofiltration system method is one of many ways in handling wastewater. Layered filtration unit of sand and rocks combine with the adsorption of plant and decomposition by microorganisms in rhizosphere so that wastewater can be reused. The aim of this study determined effectiveness and capacity of biofiltration system vegetation in reducing concentrate of rhodamine-B, total dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS) and the pH in wastewater. The result showed that biofiltration effectiveness in reducing rhodamine B, TDS and TSS concetrate were 51,70%; 47,60%; 50,44% while decreasing and stabilization of pH obtained at 30 hours treatment time with pH value is 7,5. Capacity of biofiltration system vegetation with volume 0,06 m3 can reduced rhodamine B, TDS and TSS by 0,2256 ppm; 278,0237 ppm and 9,4978 ppm respectively, while the optimum detention time of wastewater in the biosystem for reducing rhodamine B was 30 hours and for TSS and TDS was 36 hours. It can be concluded that biofiltration system vegetation was able to reduce rhodamine B, TDS, TSS and pH of wastewater
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Pratama Ningsih, Sarmila, Resti Wahyuni, Cindy Grasella Sibuea, and Fitrah Amelia. "PEMANFAATAN RUMPUT LAUT SARGASSUM sp. SEBAGAI BIOSORBEN DALAM PENYERAPAN LIMBAH LAUNDRY." EduMatSains : Jurnal Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains 6, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/edumatsains.v6i2.3608.
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The high growth rate of the laundry industry in Batam resulted in high laundry waste generated. One way to reduce the level of pollution due to laundry waste is by absorption using biosorbent from Sargassum sp. Sargassum sp. made in powder form and activated with chitosan to maximize the absorption rate. The purpose of this study was to see the ability of sargassum sp., in reducing the content of TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), EC (Electrical Conductivity), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), and Phosphate. The method used in this research is the experimental method. Analysis of the data used is descriptive. The results obtained on measurements of pH, TDS, EC, TSS and phosphate, showed that for each measurement there was a decrease in TDS, EC, and TSS after adding sargassum sp. Both activated and not compared with before adding sargassum sp. except in the measurement of phosphate the opposite occurs. For EC the decrease ranged from 34-59%, in the TDS measurement there was a decrease in the range of 14-46%. For the measurement of TSS and phosphate, the reductions ranged from 7-99% and 4-68%, respectively. Based on LHRI Regulation No. 5 of 2014 concerning wastewater quality standards, the highest phosphate level is 2 mg/L, TSS 60 mg/L and pH ranges from 6-9, it means that phosphate and pH still meet the standard while TSS before the addition of biosorbent exceeds the standard but after being added sargassum sp. activated to meet the standard except for the unactivated.
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Fajarwati, Febi Indah, and Annisa Dwi Putri. "ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OUTLET WWTP OF DOMESTIC COMMUNAL SUKUNAN VILLAGE IN PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (PUSTEKLIM) YOGYAKARTA." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 6, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/ijcr.vol6.iss2.art6.
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The domestic communal Wastewater Treatment Installation (IPAL) of Sukunan Village treats domestic wastewater generated from household activities. However, the wastewater treatment carried out does not guarantee the quality of the wastewater produced. In this study, several parameters were tested at the outlet of the domestic communal of Sukunan Village such as TDS, TSS, BOD, and pH. The tests for TDS and TSS levels were carried out using the gravimetric method, that is weighing the mass obtained after separation. BOD levels were tested using the iodometric method (azide modification), which was to determine the volume of sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) solution used for titration of iodine (I2) which was released on the 0th and 5th day samples. While the determination of the pH value is done using universal pH. Based on the test, the TDS level is 1440 mg/L, TSS is 80 mg/L, BOD is 70.5625 mg/L, and has a pH of 7. This shows that there are parameters that exceed the domestic wastewater quality standard. The parameter is TSS, while the parameters TDS, BOD, and pH meet the requirements
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Gali Aba Lulesa, Tofik, Dejene Beyene, Million Ebba, and Goshu Kenea. "Water Treatment Using Natural Coagulant and Electrocoagulation Process: A Comparison Study." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022 (September 29, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4640927.
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Water treatment is the primary consideration before utilizing water for different purposes. Surface water is highly vulnerable to pollution, either due to natural or anthropogenic processes. The main targets of this study were to investigate surface water treatment using Moringa Oleifera (MO), the electrocoagulation process (EC), and the Moringa Oleifera assisted electrocoagulation process (MOAEC). The Moringa Oleifera, EC process, and Moringa Oleifera-assisted EC process are effective mechanisms for the removal of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), phosphate, TSS (Total Suspended Solids), and color from surface water. Different operating parameters such as pH (5–11), the dosage of coagulant (0.2–0.5 g), contact time or reaction time (20–50 minutes), current (0.2–0.5 A), and settling time (5–20 minutes) were considered. The maximum removal efficiency using Moringa Oleifera and the EC process was COD (85.48%), BOD (78.50%), TDS (84.5%), phosphate (95.70%), TSS (93.90%), color (94.50%), and COD (90.50%), BOD (87%), TDS (97.50%), phosphate (89.10%), TSS (95.80%), and color (96.15%), respectively. Similarly, with the application of MOAEC, 91.47%, 89.35%, 97.0%, 90.20%, 9.10%, and 95.70% of COD, BOD, TDS, phosphate, TSS, and color were removed, respectively. The EC process and MOAEC were more effective in the removal of COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, and color than using MO. More phosphate was removed using MO than the EC process and MOAEC. Additionally, the effects of different operating parameters were studied on the removal efficiency.
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Widiyanti, Setyo Erna. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE ALUMINUM SULFATE AND PAC (POLY ALUMINUM CHLORIDE) COAGULANT ON TELLO RIVER WATER TREATMENT." Konversi 7, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v7i1.4843.
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Abstract- Tello River water used by PT. PLN SULTANBATARA for sanitation and process water. One of the process's water is boiler feed water. River water has fluctuative characteristics depending on the season that occurs such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The presence of TSS in boiler feed water needs to be minimized as it can decrease boiler performance in generating heat. The concentration of TSS in river water can be removed by coagulation and flocculation method with the addition of coagulant. Excessive coagulant distribution will increase the concentration of dissolved solids (TDS) of water. Thus, it is necessary to determine the optimum concentration of coagulant based on initial TSS concentration of river water. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum concentration of Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) Coagulant in reducing TSS water of Tello River. The sample used in this research is Tello river water which has an initial TSS concentration of 150 mg/L. The coagulant used was Aluminum Sulfate and PAC with several concentration variation of 5% - 40% to the initial TSS concentration of river water. Analysis of TSS content of samples using Gravimetry method. The optimum concentration of coagulant Aluminum Sulfate and PAC was 35% and 25% to the initial TSS concentration of river water where the final concentration of TSS obtained was 20 mg/L and 15.5 mg/L with percent TSS removal of 86.67% and 89.6 %. Keywords: Total Suspended Solid, Coagulation, Aluminium Sulfate, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC)
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Widiyanti, Setyo Erna. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE ALUMINUM SULFATE AND PAC (POLY ALUMINUM CHLORIDE) COAGULANT ON TELLO RIVER WATER TREATMENT." Konversi 7, no. 1 (April 21, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31213/k.v7i1.1.
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Abstract- Tello River water used by PT. PLN SULTANBATARA for sanitation and process water. One of the process's water is boiler feed water. River water has fluctuative characteristics depending on the season that occurs such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The presence of TSS in boiler feed water needs to be minimized as it can decrease boiler performance in generating heat. The concentration of TSS in river water can be removed by coagulation and flocculation method with the addition of coagulant. Excessive coagulant distribution will increase the concentration of dissolved solids (TDS) of water. Thus, it is necessary to determine the optimum concentration of coagulant based on initial TSS concentration of river water. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum concentration of Aluminum Sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) Coagulant in reducing TSS water of Tello River. The sample used in this research is Tello river water which has an initial TSS concentration of 150 mg/L. The coagulant used was Aluminum Sulfate and PAC with several concentration variation of 5% - 40% to the initial TSS concentration of river water. Analysis of TSS content of samples using Gravimetry method. The optimum concentration of coagulant Aluminum Sulfate and PAC was 35% and 25% to the initial TSS concentration of river water where the final concentration of TSS obtained was 20 mg/L and 15.5 mg/L with percent TSS removal of 86.67% and 89.6 %. Keywords: Total Suspended Solid, Coagulation, Aluminium Sulfate, Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC)
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Schaefer, Ulf, Rimantas Kodzius, Chikatoshi Kai, Jun Kawai, Piero Carninci, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, and Vladimir B. Bajic. "High Sensitivity TSS Prediction: Estimates of Locations Where TSS Cannot Occur." PLoS ONE 5, no. 11 (November 15, 2010): e13934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013934.
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Muchanga, Manoah, and Henry M. Sichingabula. "Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Total Suspended Sediment, Total Dissolved Solids and Turbidity of a Lacustrine Reservoir in the Magoye Catchment, Southern Zambia." European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 2, no. 6 (December 22, 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2021.2.6.227.
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Dissolved and suspended sediment that form part of the Total Sediment Load (TSL) affects the quality of water making it unsuitable for selected aquatic invertebrates and livestock. The study aimed at determining spatial and seasonal dynamics in the concentration levels and distribution of selected physical parameters in a small lacustrine system whose main problem was punctuated by rapid deposition of clastic and none-clastic sediment. Water sampling was done during the rainy and cool-dry seasons across the reservoir using sampling bottles and DGPS. Laboratory analysis was done to determine variations in concentration levels of the parameters over time and space. Distributions of selected parameters across the reservoir were analysed using 3D Spatial Analysts Tool, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) in ArcGIS 10.2. Using paired T-Test at 0.05 level of significance, the study found statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in the concentration of TDS, TSS, and turbidity between the rainy season and cool-dry season. With exception of TDS, TSS and turbidity were higher in the rainy season than in the cool-dry season. Rainfall was the main control variable regarding seasonality influence on TDS, TSS, and turbidity. The study concluded that although lacustrine reservoirs may be closed systems, they still experience variations spatially and temporally in terms of concentration of TDS, TSS and turbidity. The study recommends implementation of integrated catchment-wide management of anthropogenic activities so as to minimize excess generation, transportation and deposition of sediment, which punctuate elevated levels of TDS, TSS and turbidity.
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Muliyadi, Muliyadi, and Idayani Sangadji Sowohy. "Perbandingan Efektifitas Metode Elektrokoagulasi dan Destilasi Terhadap Penurunan Beban Pencemar Fisik Pada Air Limbah Domestik." Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.19.1.45-50.
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Latar belakang: Penghasil limbah cair terbesar di Indonesia umumnyaberasal dari rumah tangga. Saat ini, dirasa perlu untuk mengembangkan metode penanganan limbah cair domestic Metode: jenis ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental sederhana dengan rancangan post test only group control design. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektifitas metode elektrokoagulasi dan destilasi dalam menurunkan beban pencemar fisik pada limbah cair domestic. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh limbah cair yang ada di parit perumahan dagymoi tubo. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 liter limbah cair yang ada di parit perumahan dagymoi tubo . teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.Hasil: TDS pada perlakuan destilasi menurun sebesar 81,73% (295 mg/l) sedangkan TDS pada elektrokoagulasi menurun sebesar 53,60 % (749 mg/ l) dan TSS pada destilasi menurun sebesar 97,7% (46 mg/l) dibandingkan TSS pada elektrokoagulasi menurun sebesar 74,69 %(505 mg/l).Simpulan: Perlakuan dengan menggunakan destilasi lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kadar TDS dan TSS pada limbah cair domestic.ABSTRACTTitle: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Electrocoagulation and Distillation Methods in Reducing Physical Pollutant in Domestic WastewaterBackground: in general, the biggest producers of domestic wastewater in indonesia comes from household. Nowaday, the handling of domestic wastewater is needed to be improved. Methods: this type of research is a simple experimental study with a post test only group control design. This research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the electrocoagulation and distillation methods in reducing physical pollutants in domestic wastewater. The population in this study is all of the wastewater in the dagymoitubo residence trench. The sample in this study was 10 liters of wastewater in the dagymoitubo residence trench. Sample taking technique using purposive sampling technique.Results: TDS in distillation treatment decreased by 81.73% (295 mg / l) while TDS in electrocoagulation decreased by 53.60% (749 mg / l) and TSS in distillation decreased by 97.7% (46 mg / l) compared to TSS in electrocoagulation decreased by 74.69% (505 mg / l).Conclusion: Treatment using distillation is more effective in reducing levels of TDS and TSS in domestic wastewater.
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Hamoda, Mohamed F., Meshari AL-Harbi, and Hasan AL-Ajmi. "Efficiency and reliability of membrane processes in a water reclamation plant." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 5, no. 2 (February 19, 2015): 166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2015.077.
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Performance of a water reclamation plant using ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) treating 280,000 m3/d of wastewater was evaluated over 1 year. Statistical analyses were performed on flow rate, temperature, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total coliforms. Variations in flow rates coincided with those in temperature, both being seasonal, but plant performance was not highly influenced by such variations. The RO system recovered 85% of water flow. Data on process variables conform to a normal probability distribution and reveal the high process efficiency and reliability of UF and RO systems. Plant efficiencies were >99% for TSS, TDS, BOD5 and total coliforms. Efficiencies were the highest for TSS and total coliforms in the UF system, while they were the highest for TDS and BOD5 in the RO system. Cumulative frequency distribution analyses indicate that RO plays an important role in maintaining a stable plant performance and high quality reclaimed water. The UF system proved essential for complimenting successful performance of the RO system. Reclaimed water satisfies, at 99% frequency, the quality standards for potable water concerning TSS, TDS, BOD5 and total coliforms even though membranes have been operating continuously for 6 consecutive years.
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Putri, Sinta Sofiana, and Sutrasno Kartohardjono. "Combination of Coagulation-flocculation and Ultrafiltration Processes using Cellulose Acetate Membrane for Wastewater Treatment of Tofu Industry." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186704005.
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The tofu industry is generally a household-scale industry so that the efficiency of water used and wastewater treatment are mistreated. Wastewater from tofu industry is very hazardous when discharged directly into the aquatic environment as it contains high organic pollutants which is indicated by high concentrations of BOD (biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), TSS (total suspended solid), TDS (total dissolved solid) and turbidity. The optimization of wastewater treatment process is needed to meet the quality standards set by the government and also needed to obtain more effective and efficient effluent treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of combination coagulation-flocculation and ultrafiltration processes for tofu industry wastewater treatment. The process of pretreatment coagulation and flocculation using poly aluminum chloride (PAC) was conducted to extend the life of the ultrafiltration membrane and improve the performance of ultrafiltration membrane separation. The experimental results showed that TSS and turbidity decreased with precipitation time whereas COD did not significantly change. TDS after coagulation-flocculation has increased due to the addition of PAC. The TSS, TDS, COD and turbidity of wastewater were drastically reduced after experiencing ultrafiltration process. After the ultrafiltration process, the TSS, Turbidity, COD and TDS rejection were 98.8%, 98.1%, 71.0% and 50.6%, respectively.
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Sari, Melati Ireng, and Euis Kusniawati. "P PENURUNAN KADAR TSS DAN TDS PADA AIR SUNGAI LEMATANG MENGGUNAKAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis oleifera) SEBAGAI MEDIA FILTRASI." Jurnal Teknik Patra Akademika 13, no. 01 (July 28, 2022): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52506/jtpa.v13i01.138.
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Tempurung kelapa sawit (Elaeis oleifera) merupakan limbah dari sisa pecahan cangkang kelapa sawit. Limbah tersebut dibuat menjadi karbon aktif dengan dua tahapan yaitu karbonisasi dan aktivasi menggunakan HCl. Karbon aktif yang dibuat, mampu mengurangi kotoran maupun logam-logam yang ada di dalam air sungai Lematang dengan parameter TSS (Total Suspended Solid) dan TDS (Total Dissolved Solid). Hasil analisa menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan kadar TSS dan TDS pada air baku sungai Lematang. Pada pengujian TSS diperoleh hasil 0,5 gram karbon aktif yaitu 14,402 mg/L, untuk 1 gram yaitu 16,210 mg/L dan untuk 1,5 gram yaitu 20,041 mg/L. Sedangkan pada pengujian TDS diperoleh hasil 68 mg/L untuk 0,5 gram, 77 mg/L untuk 1 gram dan 83 mg/L untuk 1,5 gram karbon aktif. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adsorpsi terbaik terjadi pada penggunaan 0,5 gram karbon aktif.
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Nurmawati, Ardika, Kindriari Nurma Wahyusi, Retno Dewati, and Jauhar Hilmy. "The The Effect of Velocity Gradient and Camp Number on Solids Removal using Bio-Coagulant from Corbula faba Hinds Shells." International Journal of Eco-Innovation in Science and Engineering 3, no. 02 (November 24, 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ijeise.v3i02.52.
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The TSS and TDS values of water are required to meet the standard. Like coagulation, the pretreatment process in water helps reduce solid content in water. The coagulant destabilizes water pollutants and helps flocs formation with the coagulation process. This paper studies the performance of chitosan bio-coagulant produced from Corbula faba Hinds shells. The velocity gradient and the Camp number of solids removal were also evaluated. The velocity and period of rapid mixing varied from 110 to 150 rpm, and the velocity gradient (G) was 181.2 to 288.5 s-1. The mixing period also ranged from 1 to 5 minutes. The highest TSS and TDS removal resulted in 140 rpm or 260.2 s-1 and 4 minutes of mixing. The residual TSS and TDS decreased with the increase of Camp Number until reaching a point and increased again afterward.
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Chen, Mu, Ye-Ping Jiang, Junping Peng, Huimin Zhang, Cui-Zu Chang, Xiao Feng, Zhenguo Fu, et al. "Selective trapping of hexagonally warped topological surface states in a triangular quantum corral." Science Advances 5, no. 5 (May 2019): eaaw3988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw3988.
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The surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator (TI) hosts two-dimensional massless Dirac fermions (DFs), the gapless and spin-helical nature of which leads to their high transmission through surface defects or potential barriers. Here, we report the behaviors of topological surface states (TSS) in a triangular quantum corral (TQC) which, unlike a circular corral, is supposed to be totally transparent for DFs. By real-space mapping of the electronic structure of TQCs, both the trapping and detrapping behaviors of the TSS are observed. The selection rules are found to be governed by the geometry and spin texture of the constant energy contour of TSS upon the strong hexagonal warping in Bi2Te3. Our work indicates the extended nature of TSS and elucidates the selection rules of the trapping of TSS in the presence of a complicated surface state structure, giving insights into the effective engineering of DFs in TIs.
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Molinari, Robert W., Ryan Flanigan, and Zaneb Yaseen. "Tandem spinal stenosis (TSS)." Current Orthopaedic Practice 23, no. 4 (2012): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bco.0b013e31825a20b8.
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de Vries, T. P. "The implementation of TSS." Computers & Security 11, no. 4 (July 1992): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(92)90171-m.
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Walvis, Michel. "Het NTI-tss mirakel." Tandartspraktijk 26, no. 5 (May 2005): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03072523.
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Hak, Ahsanul, Yeti Kurniasih, and Husnul Hatimah. "Efektivitas Penggunaan Biji Kelor (Moringa Oleífera, Lam) Sebagai Koagulan Untuk Menurunkan Kadar TDS dan TSS Dalam Limbah Laundry." Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia 6, no. 2 (January 23, 2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v6i2.1604.
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Laundry waste contains detergent which can cause water pollution because itcontains various kinds of substances that can affect various waterparameters, especially such as TDS (total dissolved solids) and TSS (totalsuspended solids). To reduce these parameters is done by the coagulationprocess which is adding moringa seed powder as coagulant. Moringa seedscan work as a coagulant because they contain an active substance, 4-alfa-4-rhamnosyloxy-benzil-isothiocyanate. The coagulation process was carried outby varying several coagulation parameters such as the size of the coagulantpowder (Al (80-100mesh) and A2 (100mesh), stirring speed (slow, medium,and fast), settling time (15, 45 and 75 minutes) and mass ratio to samplevolume (100 mg against 100, 150 and 200 mL) .The samples used in thecoagulation process were taken by grab sampling technique and thedetermination of TDS and TSS levels was carried out by the gravimetricmethod. The data showed the size of moringa seed powder coagulant, stirringspeed, settling time and coagulant mass ratio with sample volume influencethe% decrease in TDS and TSS levels, optimum conditions on coagulantpowder size> 100 mesh, moderate stirring speed, 15 minute deposition timeand coagulant mass ratio to sample volume 1: 1 ( mg / L), where% decreasein TDS is 74.07% from 270000 mg / L to 70000 mg / L and TSS of 82.14%from 56000 mg / L to 10000 mg / L.
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Hussain, Tanveer, Abdul Nasir, Ch Arslan, and Rizwan Haider. "DESIGNING AND EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT PLANT FOR TEXTILE INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT." Engineering Heritage Journal 5, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gwk.01.2021.22.25.
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This study focuses on the reduction of COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, cadmium, lead, arsenic, chloride, and sulphate in textile industries. Microbial presence in the wastewater can treat effectively by providing a favorable environment. Solids Retention Time (SRT) is a key functioning element that affects the AS process efficacy. The efficiency of pH, BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, cadmium, lead, arsenic, chloride, and sulphate is taken into measure. Engineering-oriented approach was adopted to treat the aforesaid parameters through the inoculation of microbes in the biological treatment process. The designed Effluent treatment plant was based on screening, equalization, neutralization, aeration/ biological reactor and biological sedimentation. Treatment proves to be more efficient by the addition of cationic and anionic polymer i.e. Coagulant and flocculant. Overall, the efficiency of the designed treatment is taken into COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, cadmium, lead, arsenic, chloride, and sulphate 86.6%, 88.59%, 63.86%, 89.25%, 94.12%, 98.36%, 50%, 33% and 41% respectively. Statistical analysis has been performed that shows Correlation is high with BOD, TDS, TSS, Cd, lead, and As except chloride. in aforesaid parameter if concentration is decreased it means COD concentration will also decreased and has directly proportional relation with each other. As a result of the designed effluent treatment plant, treated effluent is discharged that has no significant negative impacts on the environment.
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M. Yusuf, Darmadi, Mirna Rahmah Lubis,, and Adisalamun Adisalamun. "The Treatment of Hospital Wasterwater Electrocoagulation Using Iron Electrodes: Analysis by Response Surface Methodology." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v14i2.13790.
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Hospital wastewater basically contains organic materials and inorganic materials. Levels of these materials can be determined by testing of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The hospital wastewater treatment proposed in this research is the electrocoagulation treatment using electrodes Fe-Fe and uses the response surface method for optimizing the response variable. Referring to this resea rch, the result shows that the relationship between the process variables and the TSS is significantly influential. As the contact time (15, 30, and 45 minutes) is longer and the voltage (6, 9, and 12 volts) is higher, the percentage reductions of TSS increase. However, the electrolyte solution (0–1 M) has little influence/significance to a response variable of TSS. The highest percentage of TSS reduction is at the contact time 30 minutes and 12 volts, which declined at contact time 45 minutes. The model recommended is a quadratic form with a low error less than 1.6%. In such a way, the optimum condition is at contact time 36 minutes, voltage 12 volts, and the electrolyte (NaCl) concentration 0.1 M. The reduction percentage is TSS 72.45%.
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van Erp, Teun, Marco Hoozemans, Carl Foster, and Jos J. de Koning. "The Influence of Exercise Intensity on the Association Between Kilojoules Spent and Various Training Loads in Professional Cycling." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 10 (November 1, 2019): 1395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0877.
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Purpose: A valid measure for training load (TL) is an important tool for cyclists, trainers, and sport scientists involved in professional cycling. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of exercise intensity on the association between kilojoules (kJ) spent and different measures of TL to arrive at valid measures of TL. Methods: Four years of field data were collected from 21 cyclists of a professional cycling team, including 11,716 training and race sessions. kJ spent was obtained from power output measurements, and others TLs were calculated based on the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), heart rate (Lucia training impulse [luTRIMP]), and power output (training stress score [TSS]). Exercise intensity was expressed by the intensity factor (IF). To study the effect of exercise intensity on the association between kJ spent and various other TLs (sRPE, luTRIMP, and TSS), data from low- and high-intensity sessions were subjected to regression analyses using generalized estimating equations. Results: This study shows that the IF is significantly different for training and race sessions (0.59 [0.03] vs 0.73 [0.03]). Significant regression coefficients show that kJ spent is a good predictor of sRPE, and luTRIMP, as well as TSS. However, IF does not influence the associations between kJ spent and sRPE and luTRIMP, while the association with TSS is different when sessions are done with low or high IF. Conclusion: It seems that the TSS reacts differently to exercise intensity than sRPE and luTRIMP. A possible explanation could be the quadratic relation between IF and TSS.
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Sari, Novita Chandra, and Irwan Nugraha. "Study of Batik Wastewater Treatment Using PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) as Coagulant and Organoclay (Montmorillonite-polydadmac) as Floccullant to Reduce Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 1 (October 31, 2017): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v1.281.
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Batik wastewater treatment using PAC (Poly Aluminium Chloride) as a coagulant and organoclay (montmorillonite- polyDADMAC) as flocculants was investigated in this study. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of batik wastewater effluent before and after coagulation-flocculation and analyze the effectiveness of organoclay as flocculants of batik wastewater. Organoclay (montmorillonite-polyDADMAC) synthesised by reacting natural bentonite with polyDADMAC 0.4%. Coagulation and flocculation used jar test method with a speed stirring at 120 rpm for 2 minutes and slow stirring at 40 rpm with a variety of types, masses of flocculants and flocculation time. At first, batik wastewater had high levels of TSS and TDS levels. TSS and TDS levels reduced after coagulation-flocculation. Effectiveness of maximum TSS reduced at 99,74% with the addition of organoclay flocculant 2.5 g/L and flocculation time for 80 minutes. Effectiveness of maximum TDS reduced at 93,57% with the addition of organoclay flocculant 2.5 g/L and 60 minutes flocculation.
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Kurniadin, Nia, and Eny Maria. "EVALUASI ALGORITMA TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) PADA CITRA LANDSAT 8 TERHADAP DATA TSS IN-SITU." Elipsoida : Jurnal Geodesi dan Geomatika 3, no. 01 (July 11, 2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/elipsoida.2020.6754.
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Algoritma TSS telah banyak dikembangkan di beberapa tempat di perairan Indonesia. Pada setiap tempat kajian, algoritma TSS dikembangkan berdasarkan data reflektan dan data TSS in-situ hasil pengukuran di lapangan. Algoritma TSS yang dikembangkan di setiap tempat kajian tidak selalu memberikan nilai estimasi yang sesuai ketika diterapkan pada tempat kajian yang berbeda. Sehingga pada setiap tempat kajian yang baru, peneliti pada umumnya mengembangkan kembali algoritma baru untuk menduga persebaran nilai TSS di tempat tersebut. Untuk itu, pada penelitian ini kami melakukan evaluasi terhadap beberapa algoritma TSS yang telah dikembangkan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana konsistensinya terhadap kontribusinya dalam mengekstrak nilai TSS dari citra Landsat 8. Algoritma TSS yang dievaluasi terdiri dari 5 (lima) algoritma (Jaelani, Budhiman, Parwati, Guzman-Santaela, dan Laili). Algoritma tersebut diaplikasikan pada citra Landsat 8 yang terkoreksi atmosfer terhadap data TSS in-situ di 5 (lima) wilayah perairan (Muara Jawa, Bombana, Gili Iyang, Teluk Kendari, Muara Sungai Porong). Hasil penelitian diperoleh informasi bahwa algoritma TSS Jaelani dengan rerata NMAE 59,39% dan R2 0,43. Hal ini menunjukkan algoritma TSS Jaeani memiliki reputasi yang baik dalam hal konsistensinya dalam mengektrak nilai TSS dari citra Landsat 8.
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Pip, E., and A. Reinisch. "Stream water quality associated with a livestock/poultry production operation in Southeastern Manitoba, Canada." Soil and Water Research 7, No. 1 (March 15, 2012): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/18/2011-swr.
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Water quality was examined in two parallel streams in southeastern Manitoba that enclosed a small hog and poultry operation with associated waste lagoons and manure spread fields. Nitrate-N (NN), molybdenum reactive phosphorus (MRP), dissolved organic matter index (DOMI), chloride, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, temperature, and total (TC) and fecal (FC) coliform bacterial counts were measured at weekly intervals during the ice-free season at two upstream and two downstream sites relative to the operation. Significantly higher values downstream compared to upstream were observed for MRP, TSS, TDS, chloride, and to some extent NN, indicating the escape of these materials into the adjacent streams. TC were correlated with the rainfall, water temperature, TDS, and pH at all sites. However, TC were also correlated with TSS, MRP, and DOMI only at the downstream sites, while NN was correlated more strongly downstream than upstream. FC were correlated with water temperature and NN at all sites, as well as with TSS and MRP downstream only. Downstream FC/TC ratios increased with increasing rainfall, indicating proportionately greater escape of FC compared to TC under higher runoff conditions. The results suggested that environmental loading of livestock waste adversely altered natural stream water quality dynamics, underlining the need for improved management practices, including the timing of manure spreading during drier weather conditions to minimise the large-scale escape events.
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Lutfi Raedjani, Adrian, Muhammad Syarif, and Mohd Zuhdi. "Peta Distribusi Sebaran Kualitas Fisik Air Di Danau Sipin Kota Jambi Dan Rekomendasi Pemanfaatannya." Jurnal Pembangunan Berkelanjutan 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2022): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jpb.v5i1.18621.
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This study aims to determine the water quality in Lake Sipin based on the physical quality of the water, provide information on the distribution map of water quality based on the physical quality of the water and assess the management designation of Lake Sipin. Lake Sipin water is one of the sources of air used by the community for daily life. The quality of water in cultural activities is influenced by the life of the surrounding environment. Water quality has different quality standards for each designation, so it is important to monitor and evaluate water quality. The data collection technique was carried out by purposive sampling and using the Storet method and the Stepwise test was carried out. The parameters observed in this study were temperature, TDS, TSS, turbidity and pH. Results Based on the research, the quality standard results for each parameter are within the water quality standard. Calculations using the Storet method of water quality get a value of -4, meaning that the water quality of Lake Sipin is in a lightly polluted status. relationship between parameters that have a relationship from the results of the stepwise test. TSS and TDS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.661 with the assumption that if the TSS value increases, the TDS value decreases. Turbidity and TSS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.731 with the assumption that the greater the value of Turbidity, the greater the TSS value. pH and TDS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.518 with the assumption that the smaller the pH value, the greater the TDS value. The status of the water quality in Lake Sipin meets the water quality standards, meaning that the water quality in Lake Sipin is still good. The distribution map for water quality has a variety of distributions. The water in the Sipin lake can still be used according to the water class classification based on observations of air physics parameters.
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Raedjani, Adrian Lutfi, M. Syarif, and Moch Zuhdi. "Peta Distribusi Sebaran Kualitas Fisik Air di Danau Sipin Kota Jambi dan Rekomendasi Pemanfaatannya." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 22, no. 2 (July 26, 2022): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i2.1973.
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This study aims to determine the water quality in Lake Sipin based on the physical quality of the water, to provide information on the distribution map of the distribution of water quality based on the physical quality of the water and to examine the allotment for the management of Lake Sipin. Lake Sipin water is one of the water sources used by the community for daily life. The quality of water in aquaculture activities is influenced by the life of the surrounding environment. Water quality has different quality standards for each designation, so it is important to monitor and evaluate water quality. The data collection technique was carried out by purposive sampling using the Storet method and the Stepwise test was carried out. The parameters observed in this study were temperature, TDS, TSS, turbidity and pH. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the quality standards for each parameter were included in the second class water quality standard. Calculation using the Storet method, water quality gets a value of -4, meaning that the water quality of Lake Sipin is in a lightly polluted status. The relationship between parameters that have a relationship from the results of the stepwise test. TSS and TDS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.661 with the assumption that the higher the TSS value, the lower the TDS value. Turbidity and TSS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.731 with the assumption that the greater the value of Turbidity, the greater the TSS value. pH and TDS have a relationship with the value of R = 0.518 with the assumption that the smaller the pH value, the greater the TDS value. The status of the water quality in Lake Sipin meets the water quality standards, meaning that the water quality in Lake Sipin is still good. The water quality distribution map has various distributions and the water in Sipin Lake can still be used according to the second class water classification based on observations of water physics parameters.
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Nadal, D., U. A. Hunziker, U. Bauersfeld, H. Pfister, and W. H. Hitzig. "Infection with Staphylococcus aureus producing toxic shock syndrome (TSS) toxin-1 without TSS." European Journal of Pediatrics 148, no. 4 (January 1989): 318–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00444123.
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Wang, Bai-Yan, Yuan-Fang Liu, Jing-Yan Tang, Zhao-Hui Gu, Wei-Na Zhang, Zi-Guan Zhang, Qiang Wang, et al. "Genome-Wide Abnormality Patterns of B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults in Comparison with Pediatric Cases." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3786.3786.
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Abstract BACKGROUND B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) represents the most common subtype in ALL. Genomic sequence information has been lacking in adult B-ALL, whose outcome remains dismal, while a comparison between genomic abnormalities in adult and pediatric groups is useful to further decipher disease mechanisms. METHODS We used whole exome sequencing (WES), copy number variation and molecular cytogenetics to catalog somatic mutations in 95 B-ALL patients (43 adults and 52 children).WES was conducted with appropriate depths for paired genomic DNA from bone marrow mononuclear cells at diagnosis and their matched peripheral blood samples during complete remission (CR) or saliva samples. Targeted deep sequencing (TDS) was performed in a validation cohort of 179 adult and 199 pediatric B-ALLs. RESULTS Eighty-four recurrent gene mutations were revealed by WES. Integrative analysis identified the involvement of 9 functional categories of genes: key fusions (KFs), epigenetic modifiers (EMs), signaling molecules (SMs), transcription factors (TFs), tumor suppressors (TSs), actin binding/cytoskeletons (ABCs), ion binding proteins (IBPs), trans-membrane proteins (TPs) and the others. Mutually cooperative or exclusive relationships were revealed among some of these categories. Genomic landscapes suggested two distinct mechanisms involved in the leukemogenesis: one is mainly driven by KFs together with mutations of TFs and TSs; the other results from the abnormalities of TFs and TSs, in cooperation with mutations of EMs, SMs, ABCs and IBPs recapitulating the role of KFs. A panel of histone/DNA methylation modifiers (HMMs) were revealed to bear potential value of relatively favorable prognosis in both adult and childhood patients. CONCLUSIONS We described the genome-wide abnormality patterns in adult B-ALL patients in comparison with those of pediatric cases, contributing to the understanding of leukemogenesis and the identification of potential new prognostic markers. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Safutra, Yonda, Bintal Amin, and Sofia Anita. "Potensi Limbah Abu Layang (Coal Fly Ash) Sebagai Koagulan Cair Dalam Pengolahan Air Gambut." Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 4, no. 2 (July 24, 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.4.2.p.99-108.
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Coal Fly Ash is waste of coal combustion which is included in toxic and hazardous material (B3). This study aims to find the optimum conditions of liquid coagulant manufacturing process from coal fly ash. The process of making liquid coagulant from coal fly ash is a modification of Park method (1997) to make coagulant from clay, because it has the same composition. The optimum conditions were obtained at 2500C, 60 minutes, 1: 5 ratio and 2M H2SO4 concentration. Furthermore, liquid coagulant at optimum condition was carried out effectiveness test in peat water treatment, the research was done by using randomized complete factorial design (RAL) with 9 treatment combinations and 3 replications, analyzed in the laboratory and analyzed of variance (ANOVA). Parameters measured were color, pH, turbidity, TDS, TSS. The results showed that the difference of coagulant dosage gave significant effect on color, pH, TDS, and turbidity parameters, but no significant effect on TSS parameter. The difference of stirring time significant effect on pH and turbidity parameter while for color, TDS, and TSS parameter no significant effect.
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Khalaf Erabee, Iqbal, and Saleem M. Ethaib. "Performane of Activated Carbon Adsorption in Removing of Organic Pollutants from River Water." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.20 (November 28, 2018): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.26134.
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This study presents a water treatment process by using a down-flow fixed bed activated carbon contractor model. Two types of activated carbon (AC) used, powder and granular activated carbon from date pits as a raw material, the parameters tested are biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS) and pH. The column diameter and bed depths are made constant, whereas the size of activated carbon is varies. The obtained removal efficiencies for sample of river water are 39.8% of BOD, 41.8% of COD, 81.8% of TSS and 67.7% of TDS for granular AC. For powdered AC the removal efficiencies of parameters are 34.7% of BOD, 17.6% of COD, 72.7% of TSS and 50% of TDS. The granular AC made from date pits is the best activated carbon because of low cost of raw material and it is widely applied for usage in the water or wastewater treatment, as it is very effective in terms of cost and performance to cater the increasing demand of clean water.
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Miarti, Amiliza, and Isdaryanto Iskandar. "THE EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM RUBBER SEED SHELLS AND COAGULANTS FROM KEPOK BANANA PEELS IN WELL WATER OF KENTEN LAUT RESIDENCE TOWARDS PARAMETER Ph, TSS, TDS AND TURBIDITY." International Journal of Social Science 2, no. 4 (December 10, 2022): 1937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v2i4.4242.
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Water is basic necessity in our daily life. But in fact, the water sources used by surrounding communities in Kenten Laut residence’s wells are still murky and still do not meet the standard specifications for drinking water. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using activated carbon from rubber shells and optimal coagulation from kepok banana peels in improving the water quality of residence’s wells by using the parameters of pH, TSS, TDS and turbidity. Based on the research which has been conducted, the optimum effectiveness that could be used to increase pH value with dose of 0.1 grams was the coagulants from kepok banana peels of 7.08, while the activated carbon results were close to alkaline. Meanwhile, for other parameters, the optimum effectiveness for improving the water is the dose of 0.5 grams of rubber seed shell activated carbon, it could reduce TSS up to 90.66%, TDS 91.04% and turbidity 97.37%. Meanwhile, by using coagulant from kepok banana peels the effectiveness was only TSS 73.33%, TDS 40.29% and turbidity 68.86%.
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HM, Erika Irfan Rusyadi, and Tri Candra Setiawati. "Perbaikan Beberapa Karakteristik Limbah Cair Tahu Menggunakan Variasi Jumlah Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomoea Aquatica) dan Tanaman Kiambang (Pistia Stratiotes)." Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 6, no. 1 (February 11, 2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bip.v6i1.36130.
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Industri pabrik tahu menghasilkan limbah cair tahu sebagai bahan sisa produksinya. Limbah cair tahu yang tidak dikelola akan menimbulkan permasalahan seperti pencemaran ketika dibuang ke sungai. Bahan organik di dalam limbah cair tahu sangat tinggi, proses dekomposisi diperlukan supaya dapat terdegradasi. Karakteristik limbah cair tahu memiliki konsentrasi DO yang rendah, TSS tinggi, dan pH asam. Penggunaan tanaman kangkung dan kiambang berfungsi untuk mengelola limbah cair tahu supaya sesai dengan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 05 Tahun 2014 tentang baku mutu air limbah tahu. Tanaman kangkung dan kiambang memiliki potensi untuk memperbaiki karakteristik limbah cair tahu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah tanaman kangkung dan kiambang, serta konsentrasi limbah cair tahu terhadap perbaikan beberapa karakteristik limbah cair tahu. Penelitian disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial menggunakan dua faktor dan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Faktor pertama yaitu jumlah tanaman terdiri dari tanpa tanaman (T0), 15 tanaman kangkung (T1), 30 tanaman kangkung (T2), 15 tanaman kiambang (T3), dan 30 tanaman kiambang (T4) dan faktor kedua yaitu konsentrasi limbah cair tahu terdiri dari konsentrasi 75% (K1) dan konsentrasi 100% (K2). Variabel yang diamati yaitu DO, TSS, TDS, pH, tinggi tanaman, berat basah tanaman, jumlah daun, persentase kematian tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA jika berbeda nyata dilakukan uji Duncan dengan taraf 5%. Faktor tunggal jumlah tanaman hari ke-7 menunjukkan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata pada DO dan TSS, berbeda nyata pada TDS, serta berbeda tidak nyata pada pH. Faktor tunggal konsentrasi limbah hari ke-7 menunjukkan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata pada TSS, berbeda nyata pada TDS, serta berbeda tidak nyata pada DO dan pH. Perlakuan terbaik adalah T4K1 dengan konsentrasi DO tertinggi dan TSS terendah. Tanaman kiambang tidak efektif digunakan untuk limbah dengan pH asam karena akan mengalami kematian serta tanaman kangkung masih belum efektif untuk memperbaiki beberapa karakteristik limbah cair tahu.
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太田 壮哉. "The Modern Meaning of TSS." Journal of Next-Generation Humanities and Social Sciences ll, no. 9 (March 2013): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22538/jnghss.2013..9.21.
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Beichert, M. "The toxic shock syndrome (TSS)." Der Gynäkologe 32, no. 7 (July 1999): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00003265.
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Zimmermann, Gerd W. "Kindervorsorge: Extrageld bei TSS-Vermittlung." MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin 165, no. 1 (January 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15006-023-2278-4.
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Park, Junseong, Jin-Kyoung Shim, Jae Eun Lee, Seon Jin Yoon, Jihwan Yoo, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Jong Hee Chang, and Seok-Gu Kang. "ANGI-01. IDENTIFICATION OF INVASION-DETERMINISTIC TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN GLIOBLASTOMA USING INTEGRATIVE TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.112.
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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most lethal human tumors with a highly infiltrative phenotype. Although invasiveness is related to poor prognosis, no therapeutic intervention targeting invasion is available for treatment of GBM patient, partially due to the diversity and redundancy of invasion machinery genes. In this regard, additional identification of deterministic and causative targets for invasion is required. Invasiveness of GBM patients and matched tumorspheres (TSs) was quantified using MR images and collagen-based 3D invasion assays, respectively. Transcriptome of GBM samples were obtained using microarrays. The knockdown effects of invasion-deterministic transcription factors (TFs) were evaluated using western blot and mouse orthotopic xenograft model. This study is aimed to identify novel transcriptional regulatory networks, which can collectively modulate invasion-involved genes in GBM. After classification of 23 GBM patient-derived TSs into low and high invasion groups, we applied single sample gene set enrichment analysis using TF target gene sets. According to enrichment scores, TFs responsible for low (PCBP1) and high (STAT3 and SRF) invasiveness were identified. Consistently with computational prediction, knockdown of PCBP1 significantly increased invasion area, whereas knockdown of STAT3 or SRF significantly suppressed invasive properties in all tested TSs. Notably, MR images showed coherent patterns with invasion of originated TS, and high invasiveness was associated with poor prognosis. In addition, mouse orthotopic xenograft model using TSs with down-regulated STAT3 or SRF showed significantly prolonged survival time compared to control. We identified invasion-deterministic TFs in glioblastoma using integrative transcriptome analysis. Owing to relationship among these transcriptional regulatory networks, invasive phenotype, and prognosis, we suggest that these TFs as novel drug targets for GBM.
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Supriyantini, Endang, Ria Azizah Tri Nuraini, and Anindya Putri Fadmawati. "Studi Kandungan Bahan Organik Pada Beberapa Muara Sungai Di Kawasan Ekosistem Mangrove, Di Wilayah Pesisir Pantai Utara Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah." BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA 6, no. 1 (August 28, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v6i1.15739.
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Bahan organik adalah kumpulan senyawa - senyawa organik kompleks yang telah mengalami proses dekomposisi oleh organisme pengurai, baik berupa humus hasil humifikasi maupun senyawa-senyawa anorganik hasil mineralisasi. Bahan organik merupakan sumber nutrient yang penting, yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh organisme laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis parameter kandungan bahan organik meliputi BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), TDS (Total Suspended Solid) dan TOM (Total Organic Matter) dan menentukan tingkat pencemaran bahan organik berdasarkan baku mutu pada beberapa muara sungai di kawasan ekosistem mangrove, di wilayah pesisir pantai Utara Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, sedangkan penentuan lokasi penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling method dan untuk pengambilan sampel air menggunakan metode sample survey method. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kandungan parameter bahan organik selama penelitian di semua lokasi adalah BOD (3,77 – 15,13 mg/L), COD (20,33 – 140,67 mg/L), TSS (1,33 – 13,67 mg/L), TDS (818,33 – > 2.000 mg/L) dan TOM (10,73 – 50 mg/L). Secara umum kandungan COD dan TSS di Maron dan Trimulyo sudah melewati ambang batas baku mutu menurut Keputusan Menteri Negara Kependudukan dan Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 2 Tahun 1988 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah, sedangkan untuk kandungan BOD, TSS dan TOM belum melampaui ambang batas baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan oleh Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004.
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Chernicharo, C. A. L., and P. G. S. Almeida. "Feasibility of UASB/trickling filter systems without final clarifiers for the treatment of domestic wastewater in small communities in Brazil." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 6 (September 1, 2011): 1347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.389.
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The paper analyses the concept and performance of different configurations of compact UASB/TF systems, without the final clarification stage, in relation to the removal of organic matter. The experiments were carried out in two sets of UASB/TF systems operating without secondary clarifiers, as follows: (i) four shallow (2.50 m height) TFs, each one filled with a different packing material; and (ii) two deep (4.20 m height) TFs, one filled with polyethylene corrugated sheets and the other with mixed polyethylene and sponge sheets. For the conditions tested (different packing material in shallow and deep TF), the UASB/TF systems had consistently complied (90 to 100% of the results) with the Brazilian discharge standards regarding to BOD, COD, and TSS parameters. The average BOD, COD and TSS effluent concentrations stayed below 40 mg BOD L−1, 100 mg COD L−1 and 50 mg TSS L−1, respectively. UASB/TF systems can constitute an attractive alternative for domestic wastewater treatment in small communities in developing countries, especially considering its operational simplicity and very low running costs.
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Prastyasari, Fadilla I., and Takeshi Shinoda. "Study on Probabilistic Risk Assessment Model for Crossing Situation in Sunda Strait." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 972, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/972/1/012043.
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Abstract Sunda Strait is a busy channel where cargo vessels could probably have a crossing situation with roro ferries. Due to a very limited record of the actual crossing collisions in Sunda Strait, this study performs a Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) of near miss crossing situations in Sunda Strait due to the Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) that has been set since July 1st, 2020. The analysis is based on the Automatic Identification System (AIS) data during three time-intervals (TI), the first two TIs represented the condition before the TSS came into force, while the last TI was taken after the TSS has been set. The traffic in Sunda Strait was categorized to eight vessel courses, two conditions and seven crossing zones. We proposed a new perspective for the evaluating the TSS by looking at the crossing situation with three different bases, namely crossing zone basis, course basis, and vessel type basis. The probability of a crossing situation was calculated based on the hour basis for each time interval. The UK HSE standard for individual risk is utilized and it is found that the TSS effectively reduced the frequency level of crossing situation from unacceptable to ALARP in CZ 1, 2, and 4. While in CZ 3, the frequency is decreased dramatically from unacceptable to acceptable level.