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Academic literature on the topic 'Tryoni'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tryoni"

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Schneider, Margaret, Tom Cribb, and Aaron Jex. "The Thelastomatoidea (Nematoda: Oxyurida) of two sympatric Panesthiinae (Insecta: Blattodea) from southeastern Queensland, Australia: taxonomy, species richness and host specificity." Nematology 7, no. 4 (2005): 543–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854105774384741.

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AbstractThe thelastomatoid fauna of two species of wood-burrowing cockroach (Blattodea, Blaberidae), Panesthia cribrata and Panesthia tryoni tryoni, from Lamington National Park, Australia, is described. The following eight new species and three new genera of thelastomatid are proposed: Bilobostoma exerovulva n. g., n. sp.; Cordonicola gibsoni n. sp.; Coronostoma australiae n. sp.; Desmicola ornata n. sp.; Hammerschmidtiella hochi n. sp.; Malaspinanema goateri n. g., n. sp.; Travassosinema jaidenae n. sp.; and Tsuganema cribratum n. g., n. sp. Additional data are given for Blattophila sphaerolaima and Leidynemella fusiformis. Of the 11 species reported, nine were found in P. cribrata and ten in P. tryoni tryoni. Such levels of thelastomatoid species richnessness in single host species are exceptional. Only the mole cricket, Gryllotalpa africana (23), and the domestic cockroach, Periplaneta americana (20), have higher reported richness. Three species, T. jaidenae, C. australiae and D. ornata, were found either exclusively or significantly more prevalently in P. tryoni tryoni than in P. cribrata. Species of Travassosinema, Coronostoma and Desmicola have been found previously only in millipedes (Diplopoda), a fact that suggests that there is a greater degree of niche overlap between P. tryoni tryoni and millipedes than for P. cribrata.
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Wang, Y., H. Yu, K. Raphael, and A. S. Gilchrist. "Genetic delineation of sibling species of the pest fruit fly Bactocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) using microsatellites." Bulletin of Entomological Research 93, no. 4 (July 2003): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2003249.

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AbstractUsing a large set of microsatellites, the genetic relationships between three closely related Australian fruit fly species, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt), B. neohumeralis (Hardy) and B. aquilonis(May) were investigated. Bactrocera tryoni and B. neohumeralis are sympatric, while B. aquilonis is allopatric to both. The sympatric species, B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis, were found to be genetically distinct. It is likely that despite differences in mating time between these two species, some gene flow still occurs. In contrast, the sibling species B. tryoni and B. aquilonis were found to be closely related, despite allopatry. The level of genetic divergence was similar to that found within eastern Australian populations of B. tryoni. Consideration of all available genetic data suggests that this similarity is not due to recent (i.e. within the last 30 years) displacement of B. aquilonis by B. tryoni from the B. aquilonis region (north-western Australia). Instead the data suggests that, at least in the areas sampled, asymmetrical hybridization may have occurred over a longer timescale.
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Cruickshank, Leanne, Andrew J. Jessup, and David J. Cruickshank. "Interspecific crosses of Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) and Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory." Australian Journal of Entomology 40, no. 3 (July 13, 2001): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6055.2001.00223.x.

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Reynolds, O. L., and B. A. Orchard. "Effect of adult chill treatments on recovery, longevity and flight ability of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 101, no. 1 (July 8, 2010): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485310000210.

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AbstractControl of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), populations or outbreaks may be achieved through the mass-rearing and inundative release of sterile B. tryoni. An alternative release method is to release chilled adult sterile fruit flies to decrease packaging and transport requirements and potentially improve release efficiencies. Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of chilling on the performance of two separate batches of adult B. tryoni, fed either a protein and sucrose diet or sucrose only diet. The first trial compared chill times of 0, 0.5, 2 and 4 h; the second trial compared chill times of 0, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h. Overall, there was little or no affect of chilling on the recovery, longevity and flight ability of B. tryoni chilled at 4°C. Recovery time can take up to 15 min for chilled adult flies. There was no effect of chill time on longevity although females generally had greater longevity on either diet compared with males. Propensity for flight was not adversely affected by chilling at the lower chill times in trial 1; however, in trial 2, adults fed on a protein and sucrose diet had a decreased tendency for flight as the chilling time increased. Fly body size did not affect recovery times although the smaller adult B. tryoni in trial 1 had significantly reduced longevity compared to the larger adults in trial 2. Implications of these findings for B. tryoni SIT are discussed.
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Jex, Aaron R., Margaret A. Schneider, Harley A. Rose, and Thomas H. Cribb. "Thelastomatoidea (Nematoda: Oxyurida) of the Australian giant burrowing cockroach, Macropanesthia rhinoceros (Blaberidae: Geoscapheinae)." Nematology 8, no. 3 (2006): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854106778493501.

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Abstract The thelastomatoid fauna of Macropanesthia rhinoceros was examined from 13 localities across its range in Queensland, Australia. Nine species of thelastomatoids, including two representing new genera, Geoscaphenema megaovum n. g., n. sp. and Jaidenema rhinoceratum n. g., n. sp., were found. Macropanesthia rhinoceros is reported as a new host for seven species previously recorded from Panesthia cribrata (Blaberidae: Panesthiinae) and P. tryoni tryoni, viz, Blattophila sphaerolaima, Leidynemella fusiformis, Cordonicola gibsoni, Travassosinema jaidenae, Coronostoma australiae, Hammerschmidtiella hochi and Desmicola ornata. Overall estimated richness for the system ranged from 10.1-13.5 species. The high degree of parasite faunal overlap between M. rhinoceros and the two Panesthia species is surprising given the disparate ecological niches that they occupy; P. cribrata and P. tryoni tryoni burrow in, and feed upon, moist decaying wood and require a climate that is moist all year round, whereas M. rhinoceros burrows in loose soil, feeds on fallen leaf litter and is tolerant of much drier environments.
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Zhao, J. T., M. Frommer, J. A. Sved, and A. Zacharopoulou. "Mitotic and polytene chromosome analyses in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Genome 41, no. 4 (August 1, 1998): 510–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g98-053.

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The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, like the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, has a diploid complement of 12 chromosomes, including five pairs of autosomes and a XX/XY sex chromosome pair. Characteristic features of each chromosome are described. Chromosomal homology between B. tryoni and C. capitata has been determined by comparing chromosome banding pattern and in situ hybridisation of cloned genes to polytene chromosomes. Although the evidence indicates that a number of chromosomal inversions have occurred since the separation of the two species, synteny of the chromosomes appears to have been maintained.Key words: tephritid fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, polytene chromosomes, in situ hybridisation, chromosomal homology.
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Mas, Flore, Lee-Anne Manning, Maryam Alavi, Terry Osborne, Olivia Reynolds, and Andrew Kralicek. "Early detection of fruit infested with Bactrocera tryoni." Postharvest Biology and Technology 175 (May 2021): 111496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111496.

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Clarke, Anthony R., Katharina Merkel, Andrew D. Hulthen, and Florian Schwarzmueller. "Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae) overwintering: an overview." Austral Entomology 58, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aen.12369.

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Booth, Yvonne K., William Kitching, and James J. De Voss. "Biosynthesis of the Spiroacetal Suite in Bactrocera tryoni." ChemBioChem 12, no. 1 (December 9, 2010): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201000481.

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Park, Soo J., Gunjan Pandey, Cynthia Castro-Vargas, John G. Oakeshott, Phillip W. Taylor, and Vivian Mendez. "Cuticular Chemistry of the Queensland Fruit Fly Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt)." Molecules 25, no. 18 (September 12, 2020): 4185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184185.

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The cuticular layer of the insect exoskeleton contains diverse compounds that serve important biological functions, including the maintenance of homeostasis by protecting against water loss, protection from injury, pathogens and insecticides, and communication. Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) is the most destructive pest of fruit production in Australia, yet there are no published accounts of this species’ cuticular chemistry. We here provide a comprehensive description of B. tryoni cuticular chemistry. We used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify and characterize compounds in hexane extracts of B. tryoni adults reared from larvae in naturally infested fruits. The compounds found included spiroacetals, aliphatic amides, saturated/unsaturated and methyl branched C12 to C20 chain esters and C29 to C33 normal and methyl-branched alkanes. The spiroacetals and esters were found to be specific to mature females, while the amides were found in both sexes. Normal and methyl-branched alkanes were qualitatively the same in all age and sex groups but some of the alkanes differed in amounts (as estimated from internal standard-normalized peak areas) between mature males and females, as well as between mature and immature flies. This study provides essential foundations for studies investigating the functions of cuticular chemistry in this economically important species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tryoni"

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Wang, Yean. "Molecular polymorphisms for phylogeny, pedigree and population structure studies." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1541.

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Doctor of Philosophy
A number of types of molecular polymorphisms can be used for studying genetic relationship and evolutionary history. Microsatellites are hypervariable and can be very useful tools to determine population structure, distinguish sibling species, as well as verifying parental relationships and pedigrees. However, while microsatellite polymorphisms are useful for solving relationships between populations within a species, relations among species or genera will probably be obscured due to a high degree of homoplasy —identity arising from evolutionary convergence not by descent. For long range evolutionary history, such as phylogeny from old world monkey to human, mtDNA markers may be better candidates. The aim of this thesis is to assess molecular polymorphisms of different types and their optimal use in different situations. Two widely separated taxa were used for testing –the green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus, and the sibling dipteran flies Bactrocera tryoni and B. neohumeralis, known collectively as the Queensland fruit fly. In the present study a complete 16,550 bp mtDNA sequence of the green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus is reported for the fist time and has been annotated (Chapter 2). Knowledge of the mtDNA genome contributes not only to identification of large scale single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (Chapter 4) or other mtDNA polymorphisms development, but also to primate phylogenetic and evolutionary study (Chapter 3). Microsatellites used for the green monkey paternity and pedigree studies were developed by cross-amplification using human primers (Chapter 5). For studies of population structure and species discrimination in Queensland fruit fly (Chapter 7), microsatellites were isolated from a genomic library of Bactrocera tryoni (Chapter 6) The total length of 16550 bp of complete mtDNA of the green monkey C. sabaeus, which has been sequenced and annotated here, adds a new node to the primate phylogenetic tree, and creates great opportunity for SNP marker development. The heteroplasmic region was cloned and five different sequences from a single individual were obtained; the implication of this are discussed. The phylogenetic tree reconstructed using the complete mtDNA sequence of C. sabaeus and other primates was used to solve controversial taxonomic status of C. sabaeus. Phylogenies of primate evolution using different genes from mtDNA are discussed. Primate evolutionary trees using different substitution types are compared and the phylogenetic trees constructed using transversions for the complete mtDNA were found close to preconceived expectations than those with transversions + transitions. The sequence of C. sabaeus 12SrRNA reported here agrees with the one published by ven der Kuyl et al. (1996), but additional SNPs were identified. SNPs for other regions of mtDNA were explored using dHPLC. Twenty two PCR segments for 96 individuals were tested by dHPLC. Fifty five SNPs were found and 10 haplogroups were established. Microsatellite markers were used to construct a genealogy for a colony of green monkeys (C. sabaeus) in the UCLA Vervet Monkey Research Colony. Sixteen microsatellites cross-amplified from human primers were used to conduct paternity analysis and pedigree construction. Seventy-eight out of 417 offspring were assigned paternity successfully. The low success rate is attributed to a certain proportion of mismatches between mothers and offspring; the fact that not all candidate fathers were sampled, the limitations of microsatellite polymorphisms; and weakness of the exclusion method for paternity assessment. Due to the low success rate, the pedigree is split into a few small ones. In a complicated pedigree composed of 75 animals and up to four generations with multiple links a power male mated with 8 females and contributed 10 offspring to the pedigree. Close inbreeding was avoided. Population structure within two species of Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis (Tephritidae: Diptera) is examined using microsatellite polymorphisms. Queensland fruit flies B. tryoni and B. neohumeralis are sympatric sibling species that have similar morphological and ecological features. They even share polymorphism at the molecular level. Mating time difference is the main mechanism by which they maintain separate species. In the present study, 22 polymorphic and scorable microsatellites were isolated from B. tryoni and tested in the two species sampled from sympatric distribution areas. Pairwise genetic distance analysis showed explicit differentiation in allele frequencies between the two species, but very weak differences between conspecific populations. Gene flow is higher within B. tryoni than within B. neohumeralis, and gene exchange between the two species exists. An averaging linkage clustering tree constructed by UPGMA showed two major clusters distinguishing the two species, and it appears that population structure is highly correlated with geographic distance. The relationship between molecular markers, evolution, and selection are discussed using comparative studies within two large taxa: primate and insect. The degree of conservation and polymorphism in microsatellites varies between taxa, over evolutionary time.
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Tasnin, Mst Shahrima. "Demographic structure and aging in Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae) in subtropical Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207465/1/Mst%20Shahrima_Tasnin_Thesis.pdf.

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Queensland fruit fly is a destructive horticultural insect pest. Knowing the age-structure of fly populations, that is the relative proportion of young, middle-age, and old-age flies within a population at a given time, is critical for effective management. The thesis combined behavioural ecology with a novel mathematical analysis to identify the seasonal changes in the age of a wild Queensland fruit fly population. The study showed that the abundance and age-structure of the fly changed predictably with the season, strongly suggestive of an endogenous mechanism that helps the fly cope with seasonal changes in resource availability.
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Nagalingham, Kumaran. "Functional significance of male attractants of Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae) and underlying mechanisms." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/67440/1/Kumaran_Nagalingam_Thesis.pdf.

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This project elucidated functional role of phytochemicals used in the management of pest fruit flies. Comparative behavioural, physiological and genomic approaches revealed that phytochemicals are mediating reproductive fitness by changing pheromonal compound males release and by making them physiologically more active. The possible mechanistic functions are that the phytochemicals act as a pheromone booster and as an energy supplement.
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Muhmed, Aead M. Abdelnabi. "The role of learning in the ecology of Diachasmimorpha kraussii (Fullaway) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae), and implications for tephritid pest management." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116351/1/Aead%20M%20Abdelnabi_Muhmed_Thesis.pdf.

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Fruit flies are serious pests of fruit around the world, as their maggots destroy fruit by feeding within them. An important non-pesticide control option for fruit flies is the use of natural enemies. This study investigated the role of memory and learning in the host searching behaviour of one such natural enemy, the small wasp, Diachasmimorpha kraussii. This wasp is native to Australia and attacks our most serious fruit fly pest, the Queensland Fruit Fly. This research studied fundamental insect behaviour, but produced specific recommendations for the more effective use of Diachasmimorpha kraussii for sustainable pest management.
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Muthuthantri, Weerawickramage Sakuntala Nayanatara. "Population phenology of the tropical fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Queensland, Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16671/1/Weerawickramage_Muthuthantri_Thesis.pdf.

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Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is established along the entire Australian east coast. It is a major pest of horticulture and arguably the worst horticultural insect pest in Australia. Adult flies lay eggs into fruit and resultant larvae feed on the flesh of the fruit. The population biology of B. tryoni has been well studied in temperate regions, where it has been established that climatic factors, particularly temperature and rainfall, limit population growth. In contrast, in subtropical and tropical regions, the population dynamics of the fly have been little studied. This thesis investigates the fly's phenology and abundance changes across subtropical and tropical Queensland and asks what factors govern the population cycles of B. tryoni in this state. Winter breeding and abundance of the fly, a component of the seasonal cycle which in south-east Queensland is fundamentally different from that observed in temperate Australia, is also investigated. A historical, extensive multi-year and multi-site trapping data set with from across Queensland was analysed to look at the effects of temperature, rainfall and relative humidity on B. tryoni trap catch. Trap data was further compared with the predicted phenology data generated by a DYMEX® based B. tryoni population phenology model. The phenology model used was based on a previously published model, but was also modified to more explicitly look at the effects of host plant availability and the presence or absence of non-reproductive over-wintering flies. Over-wintering field cage studies and a winter-spring field trapping study, both carried out in Brisbane, supplied additional data on B. tryoni's population abundance and capacity to breed during winter in the subtropics. Results show significant variation of monthly fly abundance for nine sites across Queensland. Abundance changed across sites in non-predictable ways. Annual population phenology within a site was, for some sites, highly consistent from year to year, but inconsistent for other sites. All sites in the subtropics showed some form of population depression during the cooler months, but breeding was continuous, albeit reduced at nearly all sites. Some tropical sites, where the climate is regarded as highly favourable for B. tryoni, still showed dramatic peaks and troughs in annual population abundance. There were relatively few significant correlations observed between weather factors and fly populations for any site. Output from the DYMEX population model suggested that fruit availability is a major driver of population dynamics in the tropical north of the state, while weather is more important in the subtropical south. The population dynamics of B. tryoni at sites along the central Queensland coast, where it is assumed that a mix of both weather and host fruit availability drive local populations, were poorly captured by the population model. Field cage results showed that B. tryoni successfully bred during winter in Brisbane, with pupal emergence starting in mid-winter (1st week of August), peaking in early spring (2nd week of September). Trap catch at orchards in Brisbane increased with increasing temperature and fruit availability, but diminished with decreasing temperature and fruit availability. The results suggest that B. tryoni has an optimal climate for population growth in the tropics, but fruit availability for offspring production limits population growth. In the subtropics however, both climate and fruit availability determine the population size. Winter temperatures are marginal for B. tryoni population growth in the subtropics.
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Muthuthantri, Weerawickramage Sakuntala Nayanatara. "Population phenology of the tropical fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Queensland, Australia." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16671/.

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Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is established along the entire Australian east coast. It is a major pest of horticulture and arguably the worst horticultural insect pest in Australia. Adult flies lay eggs into fruit and resultant larvae feed on the flesh of the fruit. The population biology of B. tryoni has been well studied in temperate regions, where it has been established that climatic factors, particularly temperature and rainfall, limit population growth. In contrast, in subtropical and tropical regions, the population dynamics of the fly have been little studied. This thesis investigates the fly's phenology and abundance changes across subtropical and tropical Queensland and asks what factors govern the population cycles of B. tryoni in this state. Winter breeding and abundance of the fly, a component of the seasonal cycle which in south-east Queensland is fundamentally different from that observed in temperate Australia, is also investigated. A historical, extensive multi-year and multi-site trapping data set with from across Queensland was analysed to look at the effects of temperature, rainfall and relative humidity on B. tryoni trap catch. Trap data was further compared with the predicted phenology data generated by a DYMEX® based B. tryoni population phenology model. The phenology model used was based on a previously published model, but was also modified to more explicitly look at the effects of host plant availability and the presence or absence of non-reproductive over-wintering flies. Over-wintering field cage studies and a winter-spring field trapping study, both carried out in Brisbane, supplied additional data on B. tryoni's population abundance and capacity to breed during winter in the subtropics. Results show significant variation of monthly fly abundance for nine sites across Queensland. Abundance changed across sites in non-predictable ways. Annual population phenology within a site was, for some sites, highly consistent from year to year, but inconsistent for other sites. All sites in the subtropics showed some form of population depression during the cooler months, but breeding was continuous, albeit reduced at nearly all sites. Some tropical sites, where the climate is regarded as highly favourable for B. tryoni, still showed dramatic peaks and troughs in annual population abundance. There were relatively few significant correlations observed between weather factors and fly populations for any site. Output from the DYMEX population model suggested that fruit availability is a major driver of population dynamics in the tropical north of the state, while weather is more important in the subtropical south. The population dynamics of B. tryoni at sites along the central Queensland coast, where it is assumed that a mix of both weather and host fruit availability drive local populations, were poorly captured by the population model. Field cage results showed that B. tryoni successfully bred during winter in Brisbane, with pupal emergence starting in mid-winter (1st week of August), peaking in early spring (2nd week of September). Trap catch at orchards in Brisbane increased with increasing temperature and fruit availability, but diminished with decreasing temperature and fruit availability. The results suggest that B. tryoni has an optimal climate for population growth in the tropics, but fruit availability for offspring production limits population growth. In the subtropics however, both climate and fruit availability determine the population size. Winter temperatures are marginal for B. tryoni population growth in the subtropics.
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Ekanayake, Darshika. "The mating system and courtship behaviour of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106918/2/Wasala_Ekanayake_Thesis.pdf.

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Queensland fruit fly is Australia’s most destructive horticultural insect pest. The flies need to mate to successfully reproduce, but there remained significant gaps in knowledge about how they find and select mates. I showed that male and female flies likely use physical landmarks to find each other in the environment. Having found potential mates, I described their fine-scale courtship behaviour and demonstrated that young, large male flies are most successful at securing a mate. I also made significant advances in our understanding of the potential for close-range chemical communication to play a role in mate identification and selection. This research directly informs sustainable management strategies against this pest.
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Muthuthantri, Weerawickramage Sakuntala Nayanatara. "Citrus host utilisation by the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Frogatt) (Diptera:Tephritidae) : from individuals to populations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/62855/2/Weerawickramage_Muthuthantri_Thesis.pdf.

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Fruit flies are the insects which cause maggots in your backyard fruit and vegetables. They are not just a nuisance to gardeners, but the single greatest insect threat to commercial and subsistence fruit growers throughout Asia, Australia and the Pacific. Queensland fruit fly, the focus of this PhD, costs Australia an estimated $100million per year. I focused specifically on how Queensland fruit fly uses different commercial citrus varieties. I identified specific plant related mechanisms which increase a fruit’s resistance to fruit fly attack. This information can be used by plant breeders to make fruit less prone to fruit fly damage.
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Weldon, Christopher William. "Dispersal and mating behaviour of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae): Implicationsfor population establishment and control." University of Sydney. Biological Sciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/700.

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The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae), a major pest of horticulture in eastern Australia, is a relatively poor coloniser of new habitat. This thesis examines behavioural properties that might limit the ability of B. tryoni to establish new populations. As the potential for B. tryoni to establish an outbreak population may be most directly limited by mechanisms associated with dispersal and mating behaviour, these two factors were the focus of this research project. The relevance of dispersal and mating behaviour for control of outbreak populations was assessed. Dispersal (i) Dispersal patterns of males and females are not different. Dispersal of post-teneral male B. tryoni from a point within an orchard near Richmond, New South Wales, was monitored following temporally replicated releases. Application of sterile insect technique (SIT) requires knowledge of dispersal from a release point so that effective release rates can be determined. In addition, dispersal following introduction to new habitat can lead to low or negative population growth and an Allee effect. In Spring and Autumn, 2001 � 2003, three different strains of B. tryoni were released: (1) wild flies reared from infested fruit collected in the Sydney Basin; (2) a laboratory-reared strain with a colour mutation (white marks); and (3) sterile flies obtained by gamma-irradiation of a mass-reared strain. Dispersal was monitored using a grid of traps baited with the male attractant, cuelure. During the majority of releases, flies were massmarked using a self-marking technique and fluorescent pigment powder to enable identification of recaptured flies. A preliminary study found that fluorescent pigment marks had no effect on adult survival and marks did not fade significantly in the laboratory over a period of five weeks after eclosion. As cuelure repels inseminated sexually mature female B. tryoni, unbaited, coloured flat sticky traps, and black and yellow sticky sphere traps baited with a food lure (protein autolysate solution) were used to supplement traps baited with cuelure. The effectiveness of these two sticky trap types was assessed, and recaptures used to compare patterns of dispersal from a release point by male and female B. tryoni. Fluorescent yellow (chartreuse), green, and clear unbaited flat sticky traps were relatively ineffective for monitoring dispersal of sterile male and female B. tryoni, recapturing only 0.1% of released sterile flies. Monitoring dispersal with sticky ball traps baited with protein autolysate solution was more successful, with yellow spheres and black spheres recapturing 1.7% and 1.5%, respectively. Trap colour had no effect on recaptures on flat sticky traps or sticky spheres. Equal recapture rates on yellow and black sticky sphere traps suggests that the odour of yeast autolysate solution was more important than colour for attraction of post-teneral flies to traps. Using the results of recaptures on odoriferous black and yellow sticky sphere traps within one week of release, regression equations of male and female recaptures per trap were found to be similar (Figure 4-3). This is the first study to clearly indicate that post-teneral dispersal patterns of male and female B. tryoni released from a point do not differ, enabling the use of existing models to predict density of both sexes of B. tryoni following post-teneral dispersal. (ii) Males disperse further in Spring than in Autumn, but this is not temperature-related. Analysis of replicated recaptures in traps baited with cuelure revealed that dispersal of male B. tryoni in an orchard near Richmond, New South Wales, was higher in Spring than in Autumn (Figure 5-6). As the maximum daily temperature was significantly higher in Spring than in Autumn this result was unexpected, since earlier studies have found that B. tryoni disperse at the onset of cool weather in search of sheltered over-wintering sites. Dispersal of post-teneral B. tryoni may have been affected by habitat suitability; it was found that seasonal trends in dispersal could have been influenced by local habitat variables. Low mean dispersal distances in Autumn may be explained by the presence of fruiting hosts in the orchard, or the availability of resources required by over-wintering flies. There was no significant correlation between temperature and mean dispersal distance, suggesting that higher rates of dispersal cannot be explained by temperature-related increases in activity. Recapture rate per trap was significantly negatively correlated with increasing daily maximum and average temperature. This may have consequences for detection of B. tryoni outbreaks in quarantine areas due to reduced cuelure trap efficiency. (iii) Maturity and source variation affect dispersal and response to cuelure. This research indicated that most male and female B. tryoni do not disperse far from a release point, suggesting that an invading propagule would not spread far in the first generation. However, there is considerable variation in flight capability among individuals. Comparison of wild, laboratory-reared white marks, and gamma-irradiated sterile male B. tryoni indicated that mean dispersal distance and redistribution patterns were not significantly affected by fly origin. Despite no difference in dispersal distance from the release point, recaptures of wild and sterile males per Lynfield trap baited with cuelure were highest within one week after release, whereas recaptures of white marks males per trap increased in the second week. This result may offer evidence to support the hypothesis that sterile male B. tryoni respond to cuelure at an earlier age. Rearing conditions used to produce large quantities of males for sterilisation by gamma-irradiation may select for earlier sexual maturity. Mating Behaviour (i) Density and sex ratio do not affect mating, except at low densities. Demographic stochasticity in the form of sex ratio fluctuations at low population density can lead to an observed Allee effect. The effect of local group density and sex ratio on mating behaviour and male mating success of a laboratory-adapted strain of B. tryoni was examined in laboratory cages. In the laboratory-adapted strain of B. tryoni used in this study, a group of one female and one male was sufficient for a good chance of mating success. The proportion of females mated and male mating success was not significantly affected by density or sex ratio, although variability in male mating success was higher at low density. This could indicate that mating success of B. tryoni can be reduced when local group density is low owing to decreased frequency in encounters between males and females. (ii) Mass-reared males exhibit aberrant mating behaviour, but this does not reduce mating success. Strong artificial selection in mass-rearing facilities may lead to decreased competitiveness of sterile males released in SIT programs as a result of alteration or loss of ecological and behavioural traits required in the field. The effects of domestication and irradiation on the mating behaviour of males of B. tryoni were investigated by caging wild, mass-reared and sterile (mass-reared and gammairradiated) males with wild females. Mating behaviour of mass-reared males was different from that of wild males, but behaviour of wild and sterile males was similar. Mass-reared males were found to engage in mounting of other males much more frequently than wild and sterile males, and began calling significantly earlier before darkness. Male calling did not appear to be associated with female choice of mating partners, although this does not exclude the possibility that calling is a cue used by females to discriminate between mating partners. Conditions used to domesticate and rear large quantities of B. tryoni for SIT may select for an alternative male mating strategy, with mass-reared males calling earlier and exercising less discrimination between potential mating partners. Despite differences in behaviour of wild, mass-reared and sterile males, frequency of successful copulations and mating success were similar. (iii) Pheromone-calling by males was increased in larger aggregations but this did not result in significantly more female visits. Finally, large laboratory cages with artificial leks were used to investigate the importance in B. tryoni of male group size for female visitation at lek sites and initiation of male pheromone-calling. Calling propensity of male B. tryoni was increased by the presence of conspecific males. Females visited the largest lek more frequently than single males, but there was no correlation between lek size and female visitation. Female B. tryoni had a limited capacity to perceive a difference between the number of calling males; female visitation at leks was only weakly associated with male calling, suggesting that lek size and the number of pheromone-calling males may not be the only factor important in locating mates in B. tryoni. The weak, but positive correlation between male calling and female visitation may indicate that passive attraction maintains lek-mating in B. tryoni. Further studies are essential on mating behaviour of B. tryoni, including identification of male mating aggregations in the field, measurement of habitat variables associated with male aggregations, the influence of density on wild B. tryoni mating success, and the role of pheromone-calling, in order to optimise use of SIT for control of this pest.
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Mahat, Kiran. "Fruit fly parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae) of South-East Queensland: Abundance, interaction, and adaptive mechanisms in a complex environment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/192098/1/Kiran_Mahat_Thesis.pdf.

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Fruit flies are insect pests which cause devastating losses to fruit and vegetable crops around the globe. Replacing pesticides with natural enemies is a preferred option for their sustainable control. This study investigated the abundance, distribution and biology of two such natural enemies: the small parasitic wasps Fopius arisanus and Diachasmimorpha kraussii. F. arisanus was identified as having more successful characteristics than D. kraussii, making it the most common fruit fly parasitod in southeast Queensland. The research lead to advances in understanding insect behaviour as well as recommendations for better utilisation of parasitoids for fruit fly control.
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Books on the topic "Tryoni"

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Hershler, Robert. Systematics of the North and Central American aquatic snail genus Tryonia (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae). Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.

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Press, Smithsonian Institution, ed. Systematics of the North and Central American aquatic snail genus Tryonia (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae). Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.

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Hershler, Robert. Arizona Hydrobiidae (Prosobranchia:Rissoacea). Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1988.

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Young, Joanne B. A Tryon treasury. 2nd ed. New Bern, N.C: Tryon Palace Commission, 1992.

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Smith, William Francis. Tryon, North Carolina, memories. Bethesda, Md: W.F. Smith, 1985.

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McCue, Michael J. Tryon artists, 1892-1942. Columbus, N.C: Condar, 2001.

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In trying times, just keep trying! Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret Book, 2010.

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Neggers, Carla. Trying Patience. Richmond, Surrey: Mills & Boon, 1993.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Trying out. New York, N.Y: Scholastic Inc., 1985.

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Harrington, Dzh. Php. tryuki. [S.l.]: Book On Demand Ltd, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tryoni"

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Choo, Amanda, Elisabeth Fung, Thu N. M. Nguyen, Anzu Okada, and Peter Crisp. "CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis to Generate Novel Traits in Bactrocera tryoni for Sterile Insect Technique." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 151–71. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2301-5_9.

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Adams, Frederick. "Cognitive Trying." In Contemporary Action Theory Volume 1: Individual Action, 287–314. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0439-7_16.

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Fisher, Kingsley. "Queensland Fruit Fly (Bactrocera tryoni): Eradication from Western Australia." In Fruit Fly Pests, 535–41. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367812430-89.

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Fisher, Kingsley. "The Eradication Of The Queensland Fruit Fly, Bactrocera Tryoni, From Western Australia." In Fruit Flies and the Sterile Insect Technique, 237–46. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351072168-17.

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Frommer, Marianne, Alfie Meats, Deirdre Sharkey, Deborah Shearman, John Sved, and Catherine Turney. "Sequence from Eye Colour Genes, Chorion Gene and Mariner-Like Transposable Elements in the Queensland Fruit Fly, Bactrocera tryoni." In Fruit Fly Pests, 209–20. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367812430-35.

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Haq, Izhar ul, and Abdul Moiz Farooq. "TryOn." In Mobile Devices and Smart Gadgets in Human Rights, 98–131. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6939-8.ch005.

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The fashion industry is greatly dependent on in-store activity, where the customers try on clothes in large amount in dressing rooms. People face problems while shopping like changing the dress again and again in the dressing, wasting time deciding which unstitched or stitched dress will look good on them and the most important, the privacy issues for women. For women, it is not safe to try on dresses inside the rooms sometimes due to hidden camera violating their rights and privacy. Sometimes people can see right through the inward facing slats in the door. So, anyone passing by can see the particular women, which is just awful. In order to solve these issues relating customers and to increase the number of clothes one can try in short time, the authors have developed a technology named TryOn, which will allow you to try on dresses virtually on a screen inside a store without taking them off in the dressing rooms through augmented reality using RGBD sensor and 3D models of clothes.
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"tryon." In Women in the Hebrew Bible, 448–49. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203948644-125.

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Winch, Peter. "Trying." In Ethics and Action, 130–50. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003051138-7.

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Mann, Jenny C. "Trying." In The Trials of Orpheus, 1–32. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691219226.003.0001.

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This chapter unfolds the questions of how do words produce action, and how do early modern English writers conceptualize the unseen “force” of verbal eloquence. By providing a parable of the hidden force of verbal eloquence, the chapter elucidates the myth of Orpheus which enables the epistemology of the early modern language arts. In the sixteenth century, as the chapter argues, the English arts of rhetoric and poetics used the tale of Orpheus to transform the force of verbal eloquence into an object of knowledge. The chapter emphasizes that the Orpheus myth provides a way for early modern English poets and rhetors to conceptualize and enact the force of eloquence. The chapter demonstrates how the problem of action-at-a-distance informs the practice of rhetoric: the skilled rhetor must develop techniques that allow the practitioner to manipulate the occult relations between the world's parts so as to act on things from afar. The chapter then asserts that the Orpheus myth is an instrument of knowledge production for early modern rhetoric and poetics, helping writers to posit the force of verbal energeia as an overwhelming action-at-a-distance.
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mcclung, bruce d. "Tryout." In Lady in the Dark, 81–102. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195120127.003.0004.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tryoni"

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Voice, Dave. "Diagnostics response to the detection and eradication of Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) inAuckland, New Zealand." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113088.

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Akter, Humayra. "Raspberry ketone as a promising pre-release supplement for Sterile Insect Technique programs of Queensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryoni." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108192.

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Daville, Greg. "Trying to thinking." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Art gallery. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1185884.1185899.

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Cramer, Henriette, Vanessa Evers, Tim van Slooten, Mattijs Ghijsen, and Bob Wielinga. "Trying too hard." In the 28th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753546.

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Sklad, M. P., C. B. Harris, J. F. Siekirk, and D. J. Grieshaber. "Modelling of Die Tryout." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/910776.

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Gallo, Emanuel, and Osvaldo M. Moreschi. "Trying to light dark matter." In I COSMOSUL: COSMOLOGY AND GRAVITATION IN THE SOUTHERN CONE. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756816.

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Aranda, Julie, Noor Ali-Hasan, and Safia Baig. "I'm just trying to survive." In MobileHCI '16: 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2957265.2957274.

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Thakkar, Harsh, Yashwant Keswani, Mohnish Dubey, Jens Lehmann, and Sören Auer. "Trying Not to Die Benchmarking." In Semantics2017: Semantics 2017 - 13th International Conference on Semantic Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3132218.3132232.

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Ray, Jeremiah, and Crague Cook. "Trying it Out with College Library." In SIGUCCS '17: ACM SIGUCCS Annual Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3123458.3123460.

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Economides, Anastasios A., and Christos N. Moridis. "Adaptive Self-Assessment Trying to Reduce Fear." In First International Conference on Advances in Computer-Human Interaction. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/achi.2008.28.

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Reports on the topic "Tryoni"

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Aguilar, Glenn, Dan Blanchon, Hamish Foote, Christina Pollonais, and Asia Mosee. Queensland Fruit Fly Invasion of New Zealand: Predicting Area Suitability Under Future Climate Change Scenarios. Unitec ePress, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/pibs.rs22015.

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The Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) is a significant horticultural pest in Australia, and has also established in other parts of the Pacific. There is a significant risk to New Zealand of invasion by this species, and several recent incursions have occurred. The potential effects of climate change on the distribution and impacts of invasive species are well known. This paper uses species distribution modelling using Maxent to predict the suitability of New Zealand to the Queensland fruit fly based on known occurrences worldwide and Bioclim climatic layers. Under current climatic conditions the majority of the country was generally in the lower range, with some areas in the medium range. Suitability prediction maps under future climate change conditions in 2050 and 2070, at lower emission (RCP 2.6) and higher emission (RCP 8.5) scenarios generally show an increase in suitability in both the North and South Islands. Calculations of the shift of suitable areas show a general movement of the centroid towards the south-east, with the higher emission scenario showing a greater magnitude of movement.
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Cordis. TRYTON Side Branch Stent. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2017.s0096.

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Dick, David W. The Job Skills Education Program. Extended Tryout. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199496.

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Wheeler, Caleb H. In absentia: a roadblock to trying Putin. Edited by Reece Hooker. Monash University, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/c179-32ec.

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Packalen, Mikko, and Jay Bhattacharya. Age and the Trying Out of New Ideas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20920.

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Feldstein, Martin. The Case Against Trying to Stabilize the Dollar. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2838.

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Anderson, Chessa. Tryon Trekkers: An Evaluation of a STEM Based Afterschool Program for At-Risk Youth. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2716.

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Alexander, David, Nicole Ronning, Kari Sentz, and Tommy Rockward. BREAKING THE ICE "I Was Only Trying to Help". Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1820059.

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Wohlers, Larry. Trying to Legislate Foreign Policy. The Story of Helms-Burton. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443804.

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Kneafsey, T. J., E. V. L. Rees, S. Nakagawa, and T. H. Kwon. Examination of Hydrate Formation Methods: Trying to Create Representative Samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1050730.

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