Journal articles on the topic 'Truth, Coherence theory of truth'
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Raphael Etuk, Anthony. "An Exposition of the Cognitive Problems in Rescher’s Coherentist Truth Criteriology." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 02 (February 23, 2022): 959–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i2.sh03.
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Perhaps the most influential proposals in the recent literature on the problem of truth in epistemology is Rescher’s version of the coherence theory of truth. Daring to save the theory from sinking under the weights of traditional criticisms, Rescher adopts an approach that differs significantly from the traditional way of presenting the theory: He departs from the traditional definitional emphasis to the criterial route in determining truth under coherence considerations; and advances the process of validating coherence on pragmatic grounds. Adopting the expository, analytic and critical approaches of study, this paper takes a critical look at Rescher’s rebranded coherence theory of truth. It concludes with the view that, though Rescher’s theory exhibits some epistemic merits, yet due to certain inherent cognitive problems, it does not meet the demands of rational success either in justifying the coherence theory or resolving the problem of truth in epistemology.
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Godler, Yigal. "Post-Post-Truth: An Adaptationist Theory of Journalistic Verism." Communication Theory 30, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtz031.
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Abstract In the age of post-truth, media studies find themselves trapped between the desire to restore journalism’s authority as a veristic (truth-seeking) institution and the lack of a coherent, applicable and consensual theory of truth. In order to develop such a theory of truth, this study bases itself on a detailed picture of how a sample of mainstream Israeli journalists covered 20 cases of factual controversies, drawing on journalists’ own accounts of their work, an independent analysis of documents they relied on, as well as their published output. Findings show that during actual situations of coverage journalists’ operative conceptions of truth match, at a minimum, the theories of coherence, correspondence and pragmatism. I argue that a novel adaptationist theory of truth may not only provide an adequate description of journalists’ actual pursuit of truth, but also contribute to their reflexivity vis-à-vis the inevitable context-dependence of their own veristic criteria.
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Mikenberg, Irene, Newton C. A. da Costa, and Rolando Chuaqui. "Pragmatic truth and approximation to truth." Journal of Symbolic Logic 51, no. 1 (March 1986): 201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2273956.
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There are several conceptions of truth, such as the classical correspondence conception, the coherence conception and the pragmatic conception. The classical correspondence conception, or Aristotelian conception, received a mathematical treatment in the hands of Tarski (cf. Tarski [1935] and [1944]), which was the starting point of a great progress in logic and in mathematics. In effect, Tarski's semantic ideas, especially his semantic characterization of truth, have exerted a major influence on various disciplines, besides logic and mathematics; for instance, linguistics, the philosophy of science, and the theory of knowledge.The importance of the Tarskian investigations derives, among other things, from the fact that they constitute a mathematical, formal mark to serve as a reference for the philosophical (informal) conceptions of truth. Today the philosopher knows that the classical conception can be developed and that it is free from paradoxes and other difficulties, if certain precautions are taken.We believe that is not an exaggeration if we assert that Tarski's theory should be considered as one of the greatest accomplishments of logic and mathematics of our time, an accomplishment which is also of extraordinary relevance to philosophy, as we have already remarked.In this paper we show that the pragmatic conception of truth, at least in one of its possible interpretations, has also a mathematical formulation, similar in spirit to that given by Tarski to the classical correspondence conception.
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Dorsey, Dale. "A Coherence Theory of Truth in Ethics." Philosophical Studies 127, no. 3 (February 2006): 493–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-004-7828-8.
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WALKER, RALPH C. S. "Spinoza and the Coherence Theory of Truth." Mind XCIV, no. 373 (1985): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/xciv.373.1.
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Budisutrisna, Budisutrisna. "KOMPARASI TEORI KEBENARAN MO TZU DAN PANCASILA: RELEVANSI BAGI PENGEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Filsafat 26, no. 1 (August 14, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jf.12623.
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Mo Tzu's theory of truth and the truth of the theory of Pancasila both using three understand the truth, namely: coherence, correspondence, and paragmatik. However, both theories are necessary dikomparasikan truth. Necessary to find similarities and differences. Then look for relevance to the development of science in Indonesia as a country based on Pancasila. This study is a literature. The method used in this research is a philosophical hermeneutic method, with the following elements: description, historical continuity, comparison and reflection. The results showed that there are some similarities and differences between the theory of truth Mo Tzu and Pancasila. Relevance to the development of science in Indonesia, that the truth must be coherent with the values of Pancasila, should correspond to the reality of God, man, one, people, and fair. In addition, the truth must be beneficial for humanity which believes God, keeps unitary, democratic, and justice.
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Tomasini Bassols, Alejandro. "Ralph C.S. Walker, The Coherence Theory of Truth." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 21, no. 62 (December 11, 1989): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1989.719.
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Young, James O. "A Defence of the Coherence Theory of Truth." Journal of Philosophical Research 26 (2001): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpr_2001_21.
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Sievers, K. H. "F.H. Bradley and the Coherence Theory of Truth." Bradley Studies 2, no. 2 (1996): 82–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/bradley1996229.
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Healy, Paul. "Kant, Blanshard, and the Coherence Theory of Truth." Idealistic Studies 18, no. 3 (1988): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/idstudies198818328.
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Young, James O. "Relatively Speaking: The Coherence of Anti-Realist Relativism." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 16, no. 3 (September 1986): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1986.10717132.
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The current debate between realists and anti-realists has brought to the fore some ancient questions about the coherence of relativism. Realism is the doctrine according to which the truth of sentences is determined by the way things really are. Truth is thus the result of a relation between sentences and reality. One species of anti-realism holds, on the contrary, the truth results from a relation between sentences within a theory: a sentence is true if warranted by a correct theory.
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Thoun, Deborah S., Megan Kirk, Esther Sangster-Gormley, and James O. Young. "Philosophical Theories of Truth and Nursing: Exploring the Tensions." Nursing Science Quarterly 32, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318418807945.
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In this paper, the authors explore three philosophical theories of truth and offer a critique of this foundational area of scholarship for nursing. A brief summary of key ideas related to the three substantial philosophical theories of truth—that is, correspondence, pragmatism, and coherence—serves to highlight various convictions and commitments that facilitate or discourage the growth of nursing knowledge in particular ways. The authors conclude that the coherence theory of truth offers a more inclusive view of truth and best captures and supports the diversity that exists within nursing knowledge and the regulative ideal to which nursing aspires.
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Prasetyo, Yogi. "Legal Truth (Menakar Kebenaran Hukum)." Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 1, no. 1 (August 2, 2017): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ls.v1i1.588.
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Law as part of human knowledge have various views on the truth. The legal truth is more likely to be assessed according to the perception and point of view of each one, the truth of the law will be assessed in accordance with the standards of the existing measures on him. Not infrequently respective claims to truth are obtained, causing antagonism and conflict. For that we would need to measure the truth of the law into a theorization. Legal correspondence theory of truth to understand the truth as empirical reality sensory contained in the community, to get this truth by the method of inductive reasoning, which draw conclusions from the events that are specific to the incidence of common law. The coherence theory of truth to understand the law as a result of conceptual ideas of rational logic of human reason, to obtain this truth by the method of deductive reasoning, which draw conclusions from the events that are common to a special legal events. While the pragmatic theory of truth law basing the truth if it can provide benefits for humans.
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Dawson, Neal V., and Fredrick Gregory. "Correspondence and coherence in science: A brief historical perspective." Judgment and Decision Making 4, no. 2 (March 2009): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500002552.
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AbstractThis paper introduces historical aspects of the concepts correspondence and coherence with emphasis on the nineteenth century when key aspects of modern science were emerging. It is not intended to be a definitive history of the concepts of correspondence and coherence as they have been used across the centuries in the field of inquiry that we now call science. Rather it is a brief history that highlights the apparent origins of the concepts and provides a discussion of how these concepts contributed to two important science related controversies. The first relates to aspects of evolution in which correspondence and coherence, as competing theories of truth, played a central role. The controversy about evolution continues into the beginning of the twenty-first century in forms that are recognizably similar to those of the middle of the nineteenth century. The second controversy relates to the etiology of blood-born infections (sepsis) during childbirth (childbed fever). In addition to correspondence and coherence, the authors introduce other theories of truth and discuss an evolutionarily cogent theory of truth, the pragmatic theory of truth.
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Ingthorsson, R. D. "There’s no truth-theory like the correspondence theory." Discusiones Filosóficas 20, no. 34 (January 1, 2019): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17151/difil.2019.20.34.2.
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I challenge the assumption that pragmatist, coherence, identity, and deflationary theories of truth are essentially rival views to the correspondence theory, but I do not endorse pluralism. Except for some versions of the identity theory, the alternative theories only seem to genuinely contradict the correspondence theory, either when they are combined with a rejection of an objective reality or when it is assumed that to offer a ‘theory of truth’ is to offer a theory of the function of the truthpredicate. I argue that the correspondence theory should not be understood as a theory about the function of the truthpredicate, and that the core ideas of the alternative views, once separated from any anti-realist convictions, are best understood as complementary views about different aspects of a fairly complex phenomenon, notably of how our beliefs relate to their subject matter and how we reason and talk about that relation.
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Guyer, Paul, and Ralph C. S. Walker. "The Coherence Theory of Truth: Realism, Anti-Realism, Idealism." Noûs 26, no. 4 (December 1992): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2216041.
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Ali, Yuwin, Darmawati S. Makur, Fitria Melynsyah Yusuf, and Sarif K. Latarang. "The True Nature of Financial Statements in Cogito Ergo Sum's thoughts of Rene Descartes." Journal Dimensie Management and Public Sector 1, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.48173/jdmps.v1i2.46.
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This paper aims to look for the truth side of the financial statements of Rene Descartes (Cogito Ergo Sum). This means that because I think, I exist. The theory put forward by this philosophy has the meaning that because he doubts the truth. This paper tried to link theory with René Descartes see different sides of the view, that the value of the financial statements of the philosophical truth (theories have correspondence, the theory of Coherence, theory pragmatic) and viewed from the side view of the general accounting so that SAP and GAAP and severe expert reveal that the truth of financial reporting depends on the accountability of a (principal). The findings of this paper are in essence the truth of the financial statements lies in humans and their existence.
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Eronen, Markus I. "Psychopathology and Truth: A Defense of Realism." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 44, no. 4 (July 29, 2019): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhz009.
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AbstractRecently Kenneth Kendler and Peter Zachar have raised doubts about the correspondence theory of truth and scientific realism in psychopathology. They argue that coherentist or pragmatist approaches to truth are better suited for understanding the reality of psychiatric disorders. In this article, I show that rejecting realism based on the correspondence theory is deeply problematic: It makes psychopathology categorically different from other sciences, and results in an implausible view of scientific discovery and progress. As an alternative, I suggest a robustness-based approach that can accommodate the significance of coherence and pragmatic factors without rejecting scientific realism and the correspondence theory of truth.
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Wright, Crispin. "Truth: A Traditional Debate Reviewed." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 24 (1998): 31–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1998.10717495.
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Every student of English-speaking analytical metaphysics is taught that the early twentieth century philosophical debate about truth confronted the correspondence theory, supported by Russell, Moore, the early Wittgenstein and, later, J.L. Austin, with the coherence theory advocated by the British Idealists. Sometimes the pragmatist conception of truth deriving from Dewey, William James, and C.S. Peirce is regarded as a third player. And as befits a debate at the dawn of analytical philosophy, the matter in dispute is normally taken to have been the proper analysis of the concept.No doubt this conception nicely explains some of the characteristic turns taken in the debate. Analysis, as traditionally conceived, has to consist in the provision of illuminating conceptual equivalences; and illumination will depend, according to the standard rules of play, on the analysans’ utilizing only concepts which, in the best case, are in some way prior to and independent of the notion being analyzed — or, if that's too much to ask, then concepts which at least permit of some form of explication which does not in turn take one straight back to that notion.
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Smart, J. J. C. "Realism v. Idealism." Philosophy 61, no. 237 (July 1986): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100051287.
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It is characteristic of realists to separate ontology from epistemology and of idealists to mix the two things up. By ‘idealists’ here I am mainly referring to the British neo-Hegelians (‘objective idealists’) but the charge of mixing up ontology and epistemology can be made against at least one ‘subjective idealist’, namely Bishop Berkeley, as his wellknown dictum ‘esse ispercipi’ testifies. The objective idealists rejected the correspondence theory of truth and on the whole accepted a coherence theory. The qualification is needed here because H. H. Joachim, in The Nature of Truth, found the coherence theory unable to deal with the problem of error.
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Embree, Lester. "The Identity Theory of Propositional Truth in Dorion Cairns." Investigaciones Fenomenológicas, no. 4-II (February 11, 2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rif.4-ii.2013.29790.
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Previously unpublished passages from the Cairns Nachlass are assembled and commented on to present the identity theory in contrast with the traditional coherence and correspondence theories, and then seven more detailed analyses of related aspects are also edited.To say that a syntactical object is true or is a fact, is to say that the act of intending it as having a perhaps indistinct structure and a perhaps obscure material content may unite in a positive synthesis of identification with an act wherein “the same” syntactical object is distinctly and clearly evident as having “the same” structure and content. The fulfilling act is eo ipso a grasping of the still grasped syntactical object as having been produced by a syntactical activity founded in original explication of the subject-matter. The realization of such a synthesis is a verification of the truth (and consistency) of the syntactical object, a verification of the “existence” of the fact (01710).Se reúnen y comentan pasajes inéditos del Nachlass de Cairns para presentar la teoría de la identidad en contraste con las tradicionales de la coherencia y la correspondencia, también se editan luego siete análisis más detallados de aspectos relacionados.Decir que un objeto sintáctico es cierto o es un hecho, es decir que el acto de mentarlo como teniendo una estructura tal vez confusa y un contenido material tal vez os-curo, puede unir en una síntesis positiva de identificación con un acto en el que "el mismo" objeto sintáctico es clara y evidentemente teniendo "la misma" estructura y contenido. El acto de cumplimiento es eo ipso un captación del objeto sintáctico todavía captado como habiendo sido producido por una actividad sintáctica fundada en explicación original de la materia. La realización de tal síntesis es una verificación de la verdad (y la consistencia) del objeto sintáctico, una verificación de la "existencia" del hecho (01710).
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Nenon, Tom. "Limitations of a Coherence Theory of Truth in Kant's Critical Philosophy." International Studies in Philosophy 26, no. 2 (1994): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/intstudphil1994262124.
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Nadarevic, Lena, Martin Schnuerch, and Marlena J. Stegemann. "Judging fast and slow: The truth effect does not increase under time-pressure conditions." Judgment and Decision Making 16, no. 5 (September 2021): 1234–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s193029750000841x.
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AbstractDue to the information overload in today’s digital age, people may sometimes feel pressured to process and judge information especially fast. In three experiments, we examined whether time pressure increases the repetition-based truth effect — the tendency to judge repeatedly encountered statements more likely as “true” than novel statements. Based on the Heuristic-Systematic Model, a dual-process model in the field of persuasion research, we expected that time pressure would boost the truth effect by increasing reliance on processing fluency as a presumably heuristic cue for truth, and by decreasing knowledge retrieval as a presumably slow and systematic process that determines truth judgments. However, contrary to our expectation, time pressure did not moderate the truth effect. Importantly, this was the case for difficult statements, for which most people lack prior knowledge, as well as for easy statements, for which most people hold relevant knowledge. Overall, the findings clearly speak against the conception of fast, fluency-based truth judgments versus slow, knowledge-based truth judgments. In contrast, the results are compatible with a referential theory of the truth effect that does not distinguish between different types of truth judgments. Instead, it assumes that truth judgments rely on the coherence of localized networks in people’s semantic memory, formed by both repetition and prior knowledge.
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Penner, Hans H. "Why does semantics matter to the study of religion?" Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 7, no. 2 (1995): 221–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006895x00405.
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AbstractBeware of meaning! Meaning is not an entity. It does not refer to anything. This essay is an attempt to describe Donald Davidson's theory of semantics. It took Davidson some time to realize that his truth conditional theory of meaning entailed a radical repudiation of traditional correspondence and coherence theories of meaning. We now have a third theoretical alternative in semantics. In this theory "truth" is left undefined. It is essential that you grasp firmly the fact that truth does not refer, or, "connect-up" anything that makes a sentence true. That is the work of epistemology, or perhaps psycho-neurology. The first theoretical task, therefore, is to describe truth, or meaning, as "convention-T". The second principle, the principle of charity, provides an explanation for testing the theory. The third principle, the principle of holism, provides the theoretical framework for truth-conditions and charity. The theory provides new and powerful refutations of relativism and the notion that semantics must be reduced to the function of the brain, sensations, specific stimuli, and the like. It also provides warrants for denying that religion is "symbolic" of experience of the numinous, the sacred, or other "given" foundations of what might be described as "religious experience". Davidson's theory has important, if not radical, consequences for the study of religion. The essay briefly describes a few of these.
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Shaw, Elizabeth. "Is James’s Pragmatism Really a New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking?" Essays in Philosophy 13, no. 1 (2012): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eip20121313.
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Pragmatism may be the aspect of William James’s thought for which he is best known; but, at the same time, James’s pragmatism may be among the most misunderstood doctrines of the past century. There are many meanings of word “pragmatism,” even within James’s own corpus. Not a single unified doctrine, pragmatism may be better described as a collection of positions which together form a coherent philosophical system. This paper examines three interrelated uses of the term: (1) pragmatism as a temperament, (2) pragmatism as a philosophical method, and (3) pragmatism as a “humanistic” and “concrete” theory of knowledge and truth. Some critics infer that pragmatist truth is relative or subjective. This paper concludes with a consideration of James’s responses to such critics. Though James maintains truth is something both “made” and “satisfying,” he just as clearly affirms that as it develops, truth is ever constrained by the elements of extramental reality as well as previously vetted truths. This pragmatist truth is not a function of personal caprice, and the pragmatist is certainly not one who denies an objective order or bends the world to his wishes.
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Widyarsono, Antonius. "Bahasa Dan Kebenaran Menurut John Langshaw Austin." DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 12, no. 2 (October 14, 2013): 191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v12i2.104.
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Abstrak: John Langshaw Austin menjadi terkenal sebagai filosof Lingkaran Oxford yang menekankan pentingnya tuturan performatif. Namun dalam artikelnya “Truth” (1950) ia menggunakan teori korespondensi dalam memahami masalah kebenaran. Austin mengkritik Strawson yang menggunakan teori deflasioner tentang kebenaran berdasarkan analisis mengenai pentingnya tuturan performatif. Dalam tulisan ini akan dijelaskan mengapa Austin lebih memilih teori korespondensi dari pada teori deflasioner dalam memahami kebenaran. Juga akan ditunjukkan sumbangan khas Austin yang membarui teori korespondensi umum yang menggunakan metafora “cermin” dan “peta” realitas dengan menekankan sifat konvensional ide korespondensi. Menurut penulis, hal ini merupakan suatu usaha yang serius dan berguna dalam mengartikulasikan cara kita menggunakan simbol-simbol bahasa yang ditentukan secara sewenang-wenang untuk merepresentasikan realitas dunia.
Kata-kata Kunci: Kebenaran, teori korespondensi, teori koherensi, teori deflasioner, teori tindak-tutur, aspek ilokusioner bahasa, tuturan deskriptif, tuturan performatif, konvensi deskriptif, konvensi demonstratif.
Abstract: John Langshaw Austin is an “Ordinary Language Philosopher” of Oxford, who is famous for emphasizing the importance of performative statements. In his article, “Truth” (1950), however, he used correspondence theory for understanding the problem of truth. Austin criticized Strawson, who uses the deflationary theory of truth that is compatible with the analysis of performative utterances. This article will explain why Austin chooses the correspondence theory of truth rather than deflationary one. It will also elaborate Austin’s specific contribution in changing the version of the correspondence theory, which uses the metaphor of “mirroring” or “mapping”’ the world, to a conventional correspondence theory. It is, in my opinion, a serious and notable attempt to articulate our use of arbitrary symbols in the representation of brute reality.
Keywords: Truth, correspondence theory, coherence theory, deflationary theory, speech-act theory, the illocutionary aspect of language, descriptive utterance, performative utterance, descriptive convention, demonstrative convention.
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Dunwoody, Philip T. "Theories of truth as assessment criteria in judgment and decision making." Judgment and Decision Making 4, no. 2 (March 2009): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500002540.
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AbstractHammond (1996) argued that much of the research in the field of judgment and decision making (JDM) can be categorized as focused on either coherence or correspondence (C&C) and that, in order to understand the findings of the field, one needs to understand the differences between these two criteria. Hammond’s claim is that conclusions about the competence of judgments and decisions will depend upon the selection of coherence or correspondence as the criterion (Hammond, 2008). First, I provide an overview of the terms coherence and correspondence (C&C) as philosophical theories of truth and relate them to the field of JDM. Second, I provide an example of Hammond’s claim by examining literature on base rate neglect. Third, I examine Hammond’s claim as it applies to the broader field of JDM. Fourth, I critique Hammond’s claim and suggest that refinements to the C&C distinction are needed. Specifically, the C&C distinction 1) is more accurately applied to criteria than to researchers, 2) should be refined to include two important types of coherence (inter and intrapersonal coherence) and 3) neglects the third philosophical theory of truth, pragmatism. Pragmatism, as a class of criteria in JDM, is defined as goal attainment. In order to provide the most complete assessment of human judgment possible, and understand different findings in the field of JDM, all three criteria should be considered.
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Lee, Byeong D. "The Truth-Conduciveness Problem of Coherentism and a Sellarsian Explanatory Coherence Theory." International Journal of Philosophical Studies 25, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672559.2016.1236140.
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Schang, Fabien. "A Judgmental Reconstruction of Some of Professor Woleński’s Logical and Philosophical Writings." Studia Humana 9, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2020): 72–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sh-2020-0029.
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Abstract Roman Suszko said that “Obviously, any multiplication of logical values is a mad idea and, in fact, Łukasiewicz did not actualize it.” The aim of the present paper is to qualify this ‘obvious’ statement through a number of logical and philosophical writings by Professor Jan Woleński, all focusing on the nature of truth-values and their multiple uses in philosophy. It results in a reconstruction of such an abstract object, doing justice to what Suszko held a ‘mad’ project within a generalized logic of judgments. Four main issues raised by Woleński will be considered to test the insightfulness of such generalized truth-values, namely: the principle of bivalence, the logic of scepticism, the coherence theory of truth, and nothingness.
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Zaiyadi, Ahmad. "Dimensi Epistemologis Tafsir al-Qur’an Aktual Karya KH. Musta’in Syafi’i." Islamika Inside: Jurnal Keislaman dan Humaniora 5, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 120–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/islamikainside.v5i1.35.
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This article attempts to reveal epistemological dimension of Musta’in Syafi’i’s interpretation in his work Tafsir al-Qur’an Aktual. It employs the perspective of truth theory which has been widely known within the philosophy of science. As a product of interpretation, Musta’in’s work has been a result of scientific work whose validity can be critically evaluated on the basis of three standards of truth, namely coherence, correspondence, and pragmatic aspect covered in the work. The study finds that the validity of interpretation of Musta’in is measurable. The measurability of this work can be seen within its coherence in presenting propositions systematically, logically, and consistently. The coherence of propositions and argumentative facts show us that Musta’in’s work is correspondently accurate. Musta’in’s work, moreover, is pragmatically advantageous as it corresponds to scientific expediency when it worthily contributes to provide the society solutions and answers to their social problems and other aspects regarding Islamic laws.
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Abraham, David. "Where Hannah Arendt Went Wrong." Law and History Review 18, no. 3 (2000): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744069.
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There has been a great deal of confusion in recent years in regard to what we mean by “truth.” Although confusion and debate over determining the truth is hardly novel for either philosophers or common folks, the issue of “truth” and how we might know it (or produce it) has been quite the rage these last twenty years among historians, legal scholars, and postmodern would-be theorists. Plausibility, coherence, elegance, and consistency over time and within a community are just a few among the current yardsticks. These have, in both their rule-bound and unfettered forms, nudged aside inherited liberal (and marxist) conceptions of “correspondence theory,” which held that there is something really true out there—our task being to get as close to it as we can.
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Mikhailovsky, Alexander. "How Does Martin Heidegger’s Concept of Truth Create a Better Understanding of Knowledge and Politics." Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics VI, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 281–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-8719-2022-1-281-301.
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In this article, the author examines the concept of truth by M. Heidegger in light of social and epistemological issues. He believes that “truth as unconcealment” is a more productive approach than the theory of correspondence or coherence since it can capture a number of socio-humanitarian concepts where verification is complicated. The author believes that Heidegger’s existential-historical thought about the “essence of truth” receives a logical continuation in the “esoteric initiative” or “sygetics”, which — if it is explicated in relation to the social attitudes and imperatives of the thinker — means the strategy of minimizing the public sphere and returning to one’s own. With regard to the institutional (re)production of knowledge, this means a chance for philosophy and scientific research to start a new existence on the other side of academic, professional education, i.e. outside the modern university. Finally, Heidegger’s concept of truth questions the scientistic image of science and philosophy. It shows that genuine knowledge cannot totally depend on the requirement of rational reconstruction of propositions.
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Kendler, K. S. "Toward a limited realism for psychiatric nosology based on the coherence theory of truth." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 6 (September 2, 2014): 1115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714002177.
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A fundamental debate in the philosophy of science is whether our central concepts are true or only useful instruments to help predict and manipulate the world. The first position is termed ‘realism’ and the second ‘instrumentalism’. Strong support for the instrumentalist position comes from the ‘pessimistic induction’ (PI) argument. Given that many key scientific concepts once considered true (e.g. humors, ether, epicycles, phlogiston) are now considered false, how, the argument goes, can we assert that our current concepts are true? The PI argument applies strongly to psychiatric diagnoses. Given our long history of abandoned diagnoses, arguments that we have finally ‘gotten it right’ and developed definitive psychiatric categories that correspond to observer-independent reality are difficult to defend. For our current diagnostic categories, we should settle for a less ambitious vision of truth. For this, the coherence theory, which postulates that something is true when it fits well with the other things we confidently know about the world, can serve us well. Using the coherence theory, a diagnosis is real to the extent that it is well integrated into our accumulating scientific data base. Furthermore, the coherence theory establishes a framework for us to evaluate our diagnostic categories and can provide a set of criteria, closely related to our concept of validators, for deciding when they are getting better. Finally, we need be much less skeptical about the truth status of the aggregate concept of psychiatric illness than we are regarding the specific categories in our current nosology.
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Helmer, Christine. "A systematic theological theory of truth in Kathryn Tanner's Jesus, Humanity and the Trinity: A Brief Systematic Theology." Scottish Journal of Theology 57, no. 2 (May 2004): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930604000079.
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This paper raises the truth question to explore the possibility of constructing a system of systematic theology in the contemporary context. By using Schleiermacher's thought as a constructive resource, two dimensions of truth are discussed in dialogue with Kathryn Tanner's book Jesus, Humanity and the Trinity: A Brief Systematic Theology: coherence and correspondence. Addressed in the first section is coherence, along with its auxiliary, comprehensiveness, as a requirement for system. The whole of the Christian world view is grasped by a principle of coherence that reflects both a subjective component of authorial individuality and an objective component of an individual grasp of the ‘spirit of the age’. Furthermore, consensus regarding systematic coherence in Western Christian thought agrees on a metanarrative structuring doctrines from creation to apocalypse. In Tanner's work, the principle of coherence is gift-giving that is traced from an inner-trinitarian narrative to its outer-trinitarian expressions in creation, the incarnation, eschatology, as well as in ethical response. Thematized in the second section is the tricky issue of theological correspondence between claims of redemption on the one hand and the sin, evil, and tragedy of the world on the other. Tanner's book offers one solution to this problem: analogical correspondence that situates doctrinal patterns of gift-giving (such as the incarnation, creation) as concentric circles in varying degrees of correspondence to their inner-trinitarian center. In view of this solution, this paper questions the relation between systematic coherence and the reality of both life's brokenness and the depths of divine self-giving pathos.
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Grigorenko, Ekaterina. "The Pragmatic Concept of the Truth – Communication Theory in Analytical Philosophy." Ideas and Ideals 13, no. 2-1 (June 15, 2021): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2021-13.2.1-200-212.
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The article analyzes the pragmatic concept of truth in analytical philosophy. Attention is focused on its main ideas – generality of thoughts, practical use. The paper presents the main ideas of representatives of the pragmatic concept of truth: J. Austin, H. P. Grice, P. Strawson. The pragmatic concept of truth is one of the main concepts in the analytical philosophy of language. This concept is characterized by the ideas of practicality and demand of knowledge, the definability of truth by a person. According to this concept, the true idea is the one that solves certain issues, and the false idea is an almost impossible idea. The paper proves the hypothesis that it is the pragmatic concept of true meaning formation that is most acceptable for its understanding and development, rather than the corresponding one aimed at matching the concept to the object. It is also stated that the desire for unity of thoughts and their practical applicability are the main and popular ideas in the process of forming, understanding and using meaning. The author presents the idea that the pragmatic concept of true knowledge is aimed at solving issues of communication, speech communication, and establishing a dialogue between interlocutors. In contrast to this concept, the corresponding and coherent concepts of truth are characterized by a strict correspondence of the concept to the subject, as well as a clear relationship between the concepts in the sentence. The paper proves that it is the pragmatic concept that makes it possible to form, interpret and implement meanings in communication, thus providing an individual opportunity to use their own ideas and aspirations. Here it should be noted that the corresponding or coherent concepts represent a model in which a sample of the description and characteristics of the material world is expressed. Thus, the model of an ideal language, expressing a strict scheme of perception, interpretation and understanding of reality, restricts a person’s ability to individually understand and implement the formulated ideas. The article presents a version of the failure of the corresponding, coherent concepts of truth, since they do not provide a person with the opportunity for reasoning, for the independent search for truth by each of us and the development of speech communication. It is also argued that it is the ideas of the pragmatic concept of truth - the community of ideas, the desire to transfer knowledge to each other, the realizability of ideas that are the basis of communication and are the main ones in the development of speech communication. The subject of the article is the pragmatic concept of truth, its main ideas and representatives in analytical philosophy. Methods used in the research: hermeneutical, analytical and pragmatic.
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Khairullin, Askar G., and Bulat A. Khairullin. "Social Life of Knowledge: Epistemological Analysis." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, no. 5 (November 28, 2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i5.1248.
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<p class="NormalWeb1">Epistemological theory which is considered to be the fundamental philosophy of cognition process, reveals itself as a possibility justification in a supra-individual, supra-personal, impersonal, transsubjective form, taking into consideration the content of objective knowledge. Epistemology also builds a cognitive drama as a stage action to achieve it. The purpose of the article is outlined in stage-by-stage consideration of the procedure for constituting the knowledge truth by social symbolic forms and exploring the contexts for the implantation of the cognition products into the cultural frame. The leading method in constituting truth is clarified through epistemological modeling of the ontogenetic and phylogenetic context of the of symbolic categorical forms formation and is comprehended through the operational and interactive aspect. The results of epistemological analysis are as follows: 1) at the micro level, the truth is positioned in the conceptual grid as "pragmatic coherence"; 2) at the macro level, truth is positioned in the conceptual grid as "practical correspondence"; 3) at the mega level, truth is positioned not as a process, but as an accomplished present state: the subject is absorbed not in searching, but staying in the truth. The significance of the research results seems to be that the driving force of mental activity is a constructive combination. Cognitive morphogenesis is carried out as a free combination of symbolic forms, governed by the rules of experimenting on own resources, the result of which is the development of the individual spiritual world. The lever is the logic of "the generation of meanings through the discrimination of meanings," which triggers autonomous autocatalytic processes.</p>
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McGrew, Lydia. "Bayes Factors All the Way: Toward a New View of Coherence and Truth." Theoria 82, no. 4 (August 18, 2016): 329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/theo.12102.
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Tribe, John. "Balancing the Vocational: The Theory and Practice of Liberal Education in Tourism." Tourism and Hospitality Research 2, no. 1 (April 2000): 8–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146735840000200106.
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Research into the tourism curriculum has tended to concentrate on appropriate vocational elements. By contrast, this paper examines the theory and practice of liberal aspects of a tourism curriculum. The theoretical strand develops the underlying liberal concepts of truth, breadth, coherence, ‘the good life’ and liberation. The practical strand considers how these might be achieved through curriculum strategies in tourism such as encouraging reflection within modules, complementary studies, undergraduate projects, research methods, great books, and critical tourism studies. Finally, the limitations of a liberal curriculum are addressed.
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Rohde, Carsten. "Wahrheit – Zusammenhang – Therapie." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 46, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 66–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2021-0004.
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Abstract While autobiographical research in literary studies has recently focused mainly on aesthetic and theoretical aspects (for example, in the discussion of ‘autofiction’), this article focuses on the variety of autobiographical writing at the present time. It provides an outline of the autobiographical genre spectrum linked to the three principal purposes (truth, coherence, therapy), which regulate the ‘autobiographical desire’ at the beginning of the 21st century.
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Mellers, Barbara A., Joshua D. Baker, Eva Chen, David R. Mandel, and Philip E. Tetlock. "How generalizable is good judgment? A multi-task, multi-benchmark study." Judgment and Decision Making 12, no. 4 (July 2017): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500006240.
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AbstractGood judgment is often gauged against two gold standards – coherence and correspondence. Judgments are coherent if they demonstrate consistency with the axioms of probability theory or propositional logic. Judgments are correspondent if they agree with ground truth. When gold standards are unavailable, silver standards such as consistency and discrimination can be used to evaluate judgment quality. Individuals are consistent if they assign similar judgments to comparable stimuli, and they discriminate if they assign different judgments to dissimilar stimuli. We ask whether “superforecasters”, individuals with noteworthy correspondence skills (see Mellers et al., 2014) show superior performance on laboratory tasks assessing other standards of good judgment. Results showed that superforecasters either tied or out-performed less correspondent forecasters and undergraduates with no forecasting experience on tests of consistency, discrimination, and coherence. While multifaceted, good judgment may be a more unified than concept than previously thought.
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Mincewicz, Kacper. "Rola prawdy w wymierzaniu kary jako elementu procesu karnego." Prawo w Działaniu 43 (2020): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32041/pwd.4311.
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The article suggests a solution to the problem of understanding the truth in the act of administering a penalty. The guidelines contained in Article 53 of the Criminal Code are used as normative grounds for the presented reflections. In order to explain the links between understanding the titular act and the assumed non-positivist concept of law, full theory of law was used as far as possible. The concepts mentioned in the article (i.e. non-positivist concept of law and complete theory of truth) seem to be commonly applied in the Poznan-Szczecin school of law. The article assumes that the most proper way to achieve the goal is a notion that is present in criminal law studies: the principle of substantive truth and its philosophical foundations. It cannot be arrived at without taking into account individual factors, in particular a coherent picture of the world, which is a product of a coherent personality of a given judge. This results from the particularities of learning the truth in a court trial, where the adjudicating judge’s comprehensive knowledge about the cognitive processes has to be taken into consideration.
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Lee, Emily S. "The Epistemology of the Question of Authenticity, in Place of Strategic Essentialism." Hypatia 26, no. 2 (2011): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2011.01165.x.
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The question of authenticity centers in the lives of women of color to invite and restrict their representative roles. For this reason, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and Uma Narayan advocate responding with strategic essentialism. This paper argues against such a strategy and proposes an epistemic understanding of the question of authenticity. The question stems from a kernel of truth—the connection between experience and knowledge. But a coherence theory of knowledge better captures the sociality and the holism of experience and knowledge.
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Johnson, Jeffery. "Evidence, Explanation, and the Pursuit of Truth in Literature and Law." Law, Culture and the Humanities 15, no. 3 (August 19, 2015): 705–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872115599712.
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My focus is evidence. I understand this concept to be the marshalling of facts (data, etc.) in support of some position. This might be a district attorney presenting evidence to a jury that O. J. is guilty, or a literary critic arguing that Hamlet suffered from an Oedipus complex. But what is the logical connection between the relevant facts and the position they are being used to defend? How are we to distinguish successful cases of the marshalling of evidence – good arguments – from unsuccessful cases – weak arguments? I defend what I take to be a very commonsensical and pedagogically useful theory of [good] evidence. I argue that this view, inference to the best explanation, captures most, if not all, appeals to evidence in everyday contexts, as well as quite specialized domains like science, detective reasoning, and criminal and civil evidence. It also nicely encapsulates the sort of evidence that jurists and critics marshal in defense of particular readings of legal and literary texts. Appeals to evidence in the complicated worlds of teenage romance, detective fiction, criminal law, literary interpretation, and constitutional law all nicely fit the structure and evaluative methodology of inference to the best explanation. But only the diagnoses of lipstick stains, murder victims and bloody gloves can be held to the standards of correspondence and metaphysical realism. Literary and constitutional texts can be explained, and can be better or worse explained, but the truth or falsity of these interpretations is firmly in the realm of the coherence theory.
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Schupbach, Jonah N. "The Possibility of Coherentism and the Stringency of Ceteris Paribus Conditions." THEORIA. An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 30, no. 1 (March 17, 2015): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.11725.
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Schupbach (2008) puts forward a "possibility result" for Bayesian Coherentism, showing that there exist plausible sets of ceteris paribus conditions that imply that coherence is truth-conducive. Against this result, Schubert (2012) has argued that Schupbach's considered ceteris paribus conditions are "jointly inconsistent". In this article, I first show that Schubert's attempted proof of this claim is fallacious, and hence that the possibility result still stands. Next, I consider a related criticism of Schupbach's result, inspired by Olsson's (2005) constraints on ceteris paribus conditions. This leads to a general discussion of the principle(s) that should guide one in choosing such conditions.
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Melczewski, Paweł. "Niewłaściwe postępowanie Piotra w Antiochii (Ga 2, 14)." Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny 58, no. 4 (December 31, 2005): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.21906/rbl.602.
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In Ga 2, 14, Paul openly reprimands Peter for his inconsequential behavior. He stands in the midst of the practical problems concerning religious life, while, at the same time, trying to prevent a division in the converted. Christian life is presented as the meeting of theory and practice. Peter’s behavior, despite his intention, was against “Gospel truth”. This behavior inhibited Christian unity. From this point on, Christians would not be able to celebrate the Eucharist, which was connected with the communal meal. In this case, there would be “one Lord, but two tables of the Lord” (S. C. Niell). The rhetorical question addressed to Peter shows two possible ways of life: Jewish and Gentile. In his argumentation, Paul attempts to show that members of different origin may live in one community in the “Gospel truth” that is “according to the logical relationship and coherence, which the Gospel demands” (U. Vanni). Paul defends asymmetry (“non réciprocité”) that is for the Jews not to live as the Gentiles, and for the Gentiles not to live as the Jews. For Paul, the improper behavior of Peter is seen as a regression, which would mean the approval of the idea, that justification can be received through the works of the Law (Ga 2, 16). “The Antioch conflict” is not a dispute between two personalities or authorities. It regards the basis of the Christian community – to show the truth of the Gospel (the salvation in Christ).
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Ummah, Athik Hidayatul. "Digital Media and Counter Narrative of Radicalism." Jurnal THEOLOGIA 31, no. 2 (February 13, 2021): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/teo.2020.31.2.6762.
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This article aims to describe the meaning of narratives are used by digital media or online media to counter the narrative of radicalism. The research method used is discourse analysis to find the meaning in the text. The theoretical framework used is narrative theory to explain process audience can trust about a narrative because of the consistency and truth of narrative or story. Narratives are analyzed using a framework of identity prism theory. The identity prism describes that online media as a brand has a strategy to build and promote it is unique among other brands. The results of the study are Islami.co and Ruangobrol.id have different characteristics or uniqueness and segmentation to convey the counter-narratives to the public. The narratives are built is to fight or deconstruct the narratives of radicalism-terrorism as an effort to prevent radicalism and the recruitment of new members through the internet. The counter-narrative also has coherence and truth as important standards for the public to select and judge that the narrative is consistent and credible. In the digital age, digital media have an important role in the counter-narratives of radicalism. It’s because radical-terrorist groups using the internet and social media platforms to spread their thoughts and their actions.
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Bebbington, P. E. "A commentary on Kendler (2014)." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 6 (October 9, 2014): 1119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714002438.
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Kendler argues for the reality of psychiatric diagnostic classes in terms of two realist theories of truth, coherence and correspondence. I would advocate an alternative interpretation of the truth status of diagnostic classifications that leads to different conclusions. This is based firstly on Karl Popper's ideas on the growth of knowledge, whereby hypotheses developed from theoretical conjectures are deliberately subjected to attempts at refutation (we refine our always provisional views of what is true by increasing our knowledge of what is false). My second source of argument is John Wing's view that diseases are theoretical constructs on which disease theories may be based and tested. Such theories relate variously to aetiology, pathology, treatment, course and outcome. Rejecting a disease theory does not force rejection of the disease construct it seeks to qualify. We adhere to disease constructs more strongly than to the disease theories based on them. However, if it becomes apparent that the information obtained by testing disease theories is incoherent, we may eventually jettison particular disease constructs, as has happened regularly in the history of medicine. The disease constructs used in psychiatry may be approaching this point.
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Messer, Stanley B. "How Do We Decide Which of Two Case Formulations Is Correct? Commentary on Westerman and Critchfield et al." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy 17, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/pcsp.v17i1.2090.
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This commentary takes a meta-view of the articles in this module by Westerman (2021a), and by Critchfield, Dobner-Pereira and Stucker (2021a), which offer two overlapping but also different formulations of the same case. It raises the question of whether there is only one true formulation of a clinical case (correspondence theory), or whether any one of several would qualify as accurate (coherence theory). A third alternative is that the truth-value of a formulation is a function of its ability to predict which therapist interventions will most help the client (pragmatic theory). A study is described in which the relative accuracy of two different formulations of the same case was put to the test in predicting which therapist interventions led to client progress. I propose that the current authors compare the pragmatic value of their formulations in a similar manner.
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Makhmudah, Siti. "Hakikat Ilmu Pengetahuan dalam Perspektif Modern dan Islam." AL-MURABBI: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan dan Keislaman 4, no. 2 (December 24, 2017): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53627/jam.v4i2.3173.
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Science in a unity appeared in dimensional. Philosophy is an activity though human thought guided their efforts on finding cause for over everything and how human effort after learning of the matter. This research aims to understand: (1) knowledge and understanding of science in etymology and terminology; (2) perbedan of science, knowledge and religion in epistimologi; (3) the extent to which science in Islam; (4) the principal traits of science; (5) the theory of truth; (6) the sources of knowledge; (7) the boundaries of science; (8) the structure of knowledge. Results of the study can be described in several options, which are: first, science is the summary of a set of knowledge or the result of knowledge and facts. While religion is a belief or faith tata tata over something that is absolutely beyond human, appropriate and in line with the faith and worship. Second, with regard to the characteristics of the subject matter of science is as follows: 1) Systematically; 2) Generality; 3) Rationality; 4) Objectivity; 5) Verifiabilitas, 6) and Communality. Third, in Theory a theory of truth is no 3: the theory of correspondence, coherence Theory, theory of pragmatism. Fourth, human source of knowledge using two ways to obtain the correct knowledge, first through ratio and secondly through experience. Fifth, limiting his explorations in the science of human experience, thus embarking upon science exploration on human experience and stop on the human experience, and that is the limits of science. Sixth, the science is essentially a collection of knowledge that is explaining the various symptoms of nature which allows a human doing a series of actions to control these symptoms based on the explanation there is.
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Sulistyanto, Ari, Saeful Mujab, and Hamida Harahap. "Memorable cultural tourism experience: blogger narrative analysis." Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v7i1.6387.
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Cultural tourism has an important influence on the development of the tourism industry. The travel experience stories of bloggers written through blogs contributed to the initial introduction and impact of other travel planning tours. It can also be used as a reference by tourism agents. However, the travel experience stories of these bloggers have not been structured as themes and memorable experiences. Whereas the core product of the tourism business is a memorable experience. In the perspective of narrative paradigm theory (NPT), a story or narrative is successful as a human communication capable of forming meaning, if it has coherence and truth. . Therefore, this study aims to reveal the narrative structure told by bloggers. So that the meaning and theme of the cultural tourism experience can be understood as a memorable experience. This study uses a qualitative approach with narrative paradigm theory (NPT). The research data as the unit of analysis was collected from the narrative stories of bloggers published on weblogs. Meanwhile, the principle of the grounded theory approach is aimed at uncovering the narrative themes of bloggers. The results of the study explain the narrative of bloggers in cultural tourism that is told through blog pages as narrative rationales because there is coherence and truth so that they form meaning as a positive, enjoyable, and satisfying experience. The category of cultural tourism that bloggers often visit is the category of cultural heritage, such as museums, temple sites, and old buildings, as well as local or traditional villages. The results of this study also found that a series of blogger narratives formed the theme of memorable experiences through cultural tourism, such as spirituality, intellectual national identity, and local uniqueness. Overall this research reveals, the rational structure of the narrative in the blogger's narrative explains the meaning of an impressive experience in cultural tourism as a positive, pleasant, and memorable view that tourists remember after visiting a destination that is categorized as cultural tourism, retold in the form of a story.