Journal articles: 'Trust task'

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Goetzinger, Patrick G., and Thomas E. Simmons. "South Dakota’s “Trust Task Force”." Trusts & Trustees 26, no. 7 (August 7, 2020): 637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttaa053.

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Abstract The State of South Dakota is known internationally as a premier trust situs jurisdiction. Its top ranking is due to a number of factors. Among those factors is a committed band of gubernatorial appointees—both lawyers and non-lawyers—who consider, debate and draft proposed legislation for the South Dakota Legislature each year. This “Trust Task Force” was created by the Governor of the State more than twenty years ago. This article traces the origin and evolution of the South Dakota Trust Task Force, its achievements and its inner workings. It compares the legislative process to enact trust laws in other leading American jurisdictions while commenting on additional important factors which underpin a top ranking among competitor trust jurisdictions.

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Soh, Harold, Yaqi Xie, Min Chen, and David Hsu. "Multi-task trust transfer for human–robot interaction." International Journal of Robotics Research 39, no. 2-3 (August 19, 2019): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364919866905.

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Trust is essential in shaping human interactions with one another and with robots. In this article we investigate how human trust in robot capabilities transfers across multiple tasks. We present a human-subject study of two distinct task domains: a Fetch robot performing household tasks and a virtual reality simulation of an autonomous vehicle performing driving and parking maneuvers. The findings expand our understanding of trust and provide new predictive models of trust evolution and transfer via latent task representations: a rational Bayes model, a data-driven neural network model, and a hybrid model that combines the two. Experiments show that the proposed models outperform prevailing models when predicting trust over unseen tasks and users. These results suggest that (i) task-dependent functional trust models capture human trust in robot capabilities more accurately and (ii) trust transfer across tasks can be inferred to a good degree. The latter enables trust-mediated robot decision-making for fluent human–robot interaction in multi-task settings.

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Shu, Jian, Hemant Jain, and Changyong Liang. "Business Process Driven Trust-Based Task Scheduling." International Journal of Web Services Research 16, no. 3 (July 2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwsr.2019070101.

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The demand for agile and flexible business application systems has sparked interest in using cloud computing technology to respond quickly and effectively to a dynamic business environment. The authors classify the appropriate cloud services as a multi-objectives task scheduling problem in a hybrid cloud service system. In this article, the authors propose a business process (BP) driven task scheduling system that supports multiple clouds, including private ones. A trust-based non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA2) is developed to solve the multi-objective task scheduling problem. By sorting populations into different hierarchies based on the ordering of Pareto dominance, they identify a Pareto-optimal multi-dimensional frontier that permits managers to reconcile conflicting objectives when scheduling tasks on cloud resources. The authors illustrate the usability and effectiveness of their approach by applying it to a case study conducting simulated experiments.

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Olson, Joel, and Linda Olson. "Virtual team trust: task, communication and sequence." Team Performance Management: An International Journal 18, no. 5/6 (August 17, 2012): 256–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13527591211251131.

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Sherwood, Arthur Lloyd, and Concetta A. DePaolo. "Task and Relationship-Oriented Trust In Leaders." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 12, no. 2 (December 2005): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107179190501200206.

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Rico, Ramón, Carlos-María Alcover, Miriam Sánchez-Manzanares, and Francisco Gil. "The joint relationships of communication behaviors and task interdependence on trust building and change in virtual project teams." Social Science Information 48, no. 2 (June 2009): 229–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018409102410.

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The study presented in this article examined how specific communication behaviors among team members interacted with task interdependence in relation to the building and changing of trust within 53 virtual project teams. At the mid-point of the teams' projects, our results showed that task-oriented communications among team members related significantly to trust, and that communications conveying enthusiasm related to trust only under conditions of low task interdependence. At the end of a team's project, trust among team members related positively to predictability of communications and substantive responses under higher levels of task interdependence. These findings develop extant trust theory in virtual teams, suggesting some useful guidelines to better understand and manage trust processes.

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David, Kauffmann, and Carmi Golan. "The Mediating Effect of Interpersonal Trust on Virtual Team's Collaboration." International Journal of Knowledge Management 13, no. 3 (July 2017): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2017070102.

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This article examines the relationship between task-communication and five collaborative processes by exploring the mediating effect of interpersonal trust in a virtual team's environment. A multiple mediation model was developed to examine this relationship where cognitive-based trust and affective-based trust are defined as mediation variables between task-communication and the five processes of collaboration. The main results of this study show a significant correlation with a large effect size between task communication, trust and collaboration. Also, interpersonal trust is playing an important role as a mediating element in the relationship between task communication and collaboration. This is where the emotional side of trust is no less important than the rational side, if not even more, in some collaborative processes.

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Nah, Fiona Fui-Hoon, Shu Z. Schiller, Brian E. Mennecke, Keng Siau, Brenda Eschenbrenner, and Parichart Sattayanuwat. "Collaboration in Virtual Worlds." Journal of Database Management 28, no. 4 (October 2017): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2017100104.

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Virtual worlds are three-dimensional, computer-generated worlds in which team collaboration can be facilitated through the use of shared virtual space and mediated using avatars. This article examines the effect of task complexity on team collaboration. A puzzle game in Second Life was used as the collaborative task and task complexity was manipulated by varying the number of pieces in the puzzle. The hypotheses are that task complexity influences team trust, and team trust influences team process satisfaction in virtual team collaboration. The experimental results indicate that task complexity has significant effects on team trust and team process satisfaction, and team trust fully mediates the relationship between task complexity and team process satisfaction.

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Hale, Joanna, Madeleine EM Payne, Kathryn M. Taylor, Davide Paoletti, and Antonia F. De C Hamilton. "The virtual maze: A behavioural tool for measuring trust." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 4 (January 1, 2018): 989–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1307865.

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Trusting another person may depend on our level of generalised trust in others, as well as perceptions of that specific person’s trustworthiness. However, many studies measuring trust outcomes have not discussed generalised versus specific trust. To measure specific trust in others, we developed a novel behavioural task. Participants navigate a virtual maze and make a series of decisions about how to proceed. Before each decision, they may ask for advice from two virtual characters they have briefly interviewed earlier. We manipulated the virtual characters’ trustworthiness during the interview phase and measured how often participants approached and followed advice from each character. We also measured trust through ratings and an investment game. Across three studies, we found participants followed advice from a trustworthy character significantly more than an untrustworthy character, demonstrating the validity of the maze task. Behaviour in the virtual maze reflected specific trust rather than generalised trust, whereas the investment game picked up on generalised trust as well as specific trust. Our data suggest the virtual maze task may provide an alternative behavioural approach to measuring specific trust in future research, and we demonstrate how the task may be used in traditional laboratories.

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Neigel, Alexis R., Justine P. Caylor, Sue E. Kase, Michelle T. Vanni, and Jefferson Hoye. "The Role of Trust and Automation in an Intelligence Analyst Decisional Guidance Paradigm." Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 12, no. 4 (September 6, 2018): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555343418799601.

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Trust in automation has been linked to a multitude of performance improvements and implicated in the reduction of human error, stress, and workload. In the present study, trust in automation was examined in an experiment measuring the efficacy of linguistic annotation schemes for decision support and human performance. An automated aid provided decisional guidance to assist in intelligence task performance. Four hundred and fifty-eight participants were randomly assigned to one of three annotation schemes and then subsequently performed three simulated intelligence analysis task. The results indicated that trust played a significant role in intelligence task performance, though a significant trust by annotation scheme interaction did not emerge. Specifically, an increase in trust accompanied an increase in performance across the task types. We conclude with a discussion of trust and automated annotation schemes, which has implications for the intelligence operations community.

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Yang, X. Jessie, Christopher D. Wickens, and Katja Hölttä-Otto. "How users adjust trust in automation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601044.

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The present study examined how users adjusted their trust towards an automated decision aid. Results revealed that a valid recommendation of the decision aid increases whereas an invalid one reduces trust in automation. The magnitude of trust decrement is greater than that of trust increment. More importantly, this study showed that trust adjustment is not benchmarked strictly against predetermined objective criteria, that is, the decision aid’s recommendation quality. Rather, users’ ability of performing a task themselves and final task outcomes moderate the effects of recommendation quality. A valid recommendation is less appreciated if users are more capable of completing a task by themselves. An invalid recommendation is less penalized if the final task performance is not harmed, as if the invalid recommendation is “forgiven” to a certain degree.

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Lee, Jieun, Yusuke Yamani, and Makoto Itoh. "Revisiting Trust in Machines: Examining Human–Machine Trust Using a Reprogrammed Pasteurizer Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621400.

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Automated technologies have brought a number of benefits to professional domains, expanding the area in which humans can perform optimally in complex work environments. Human–automation trust has become an important aspect when designing acceptable automated systems considering general users who have no comprehensive knowledge of the systems. Muir and Moray (1996) proposed a model of human–machine trust incorporating predictability, dependability, and faith as predictors of overall trust in machines. Though Muir and Moray (1996) predicted that trust in machines grows from predictability, then dependability, and finally faith, their results suggested the opposite. This study will reexamine their theoretical framework and test which of the three dimensions governs initial trust in automation. Participants will be trained to operate a simulated pasteurization plant, as in Muir and Moray (1996), and they will be asked to maximize system performance in the pasteurizing task. We hypothesized that faith governs overall trust early in the interaction with the automated system, then dependability, and finally predictability as lay automation users become more familiar with the system. We attempt to replicate the results of Muir and Moray (1996) and argue that their model should be revised for trust development for general automation users.

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Wuthnow, Robert. "Religion, Democracy & the Task of Restoring Trust." Daedalus 151, no. 4 (2022): 200–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01951.

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Abstract There is a palpable sense of betrayal when religious leaders participate in moral malfeasance: when they engage in illicit sexual affairs, commit or condone child abuse, or deal in fraudulent financial transactions. Betrayals like these prompt doubts that religious leaders can be trusted and pose questions about the organizations they represent. But what can be learned from these episodes? I discuss the dramatic erosion of confidence in religious organizations that has taken place in recentyears, framing it in terms of arguments about moral decline and institutional changes in religion. I show how betrayals of trust become symbolic representations of larger societal problems that are deemed to necessitate remediation. How the betrayals are interpreted becomes the basis for several mechanisms through which attempts are made to restore trust: confessions, investigations, and litigation. Their limitations notwithstanding, they cast light on the major challenges we face as a nation in seeking to restore trust in our basic institutions and our faith in American democracy.

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Karpinsky, Nicole D., Eric T. Chancey, and Yusuke Yamani. "Modeling Relationships among Workload, Trust, and Visual Scanning in an Automated Flight Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 1550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601356.

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The present study explored relationships among operators’ workload, subjective trust, and visual scanning patterns during their interaction with imperfect automation in a low-fidelity flight simulation task. Participants performed both a manual tracking task and a secondary system monitoring task (automated; FA- vs. miss-prone) under high and low load conditions manipulated by central task demand. The high load condition produced, 1) less frequent saccades toward system monitoring, 2) greater subjective workload, and 3) lower levels of subjective trust, compared to the low load condition. A mediation analysis revealed that subjective workload mediated the effect of load on visual scanning patterns whereas subjective trust did not. The results imply that, when the central task demands more attention, operators strategically reduce sampling rates of information from the system monitoring task assisted by imperfect automation depending on their subjective workload but not on subjective trust.

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Hendarsjah, Hidajat, Ely Susanto, Bambang Riyanto Lies Sugianto, and Tarsisius Hani Handoko. "Curvilinear relationship between intra-team trust and team innovation: the moderating role of task complexity." Journal of Asia Business Studies 13, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 472–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-12-2016-0180.

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Purpose This paper aims to identify the relationship pattern between intra-team trust and team innovation and the influence of moderating variable task complexity on the relationship. It also describes why and how intra-team trust is a unique antecedent for team innovation, as too much or too less influence of the variable can have detrimental effects on team innovation. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses survey research. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to work teams. After the individual-level data were aggregated into team-level data, hierarchical linier regression was conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings The paper provides empirical findings that (1) intra-team trust and team innovation have a curvilinear relationship pattern, (2) task complexity does not influence curvilinear relationship (3) and the increase in task complexity improves the possibility of team innovation to occur. Research limitations/implications The paper has two limitations. First, as intra-team trust was also represented by aggregated perception of team members’ trust for outside parties (not only members’ perception for their teams), the future research is expected to include the representation in the instrument. Second, recent research studies have shown that contextual factor of task interdependence, instead of task complexity, also had an effect on the relationship pattern between intra-team trust and team performance (i.e. team innovation). Therefore, for future researchers, it is suggested that the use of task interdependence would be an alternative moderating variable on the relationship between intra-team trust and team innovation. Practical implications The paper discusses the strategy to enhance team innovation by revealing strategies to manage interplay among intra-team trust, team complexity and the desired team innovation. Originality/value The paper identifies the need to conduct empirical research on how an interplay among intra-team trust, task complexity and team innovation could be enabled.

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Monroe, Stephen, and Lisa Vangsness. "The Effects of Task Difficulty and Stress on Trust in an Automated Navigation Aid." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (September 2022): 1080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661406.

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Trust is a complex social phenomenon which also affects human interactions with automated systems. Trust in automated systems is comprised of dispositional, learned, and situational trust. The factors that affect situational trust are relatively under-studied in the literature. To further explore factors affecting situational trust in automation, we constructed an experiment using a videogame-like task wherein participants navigated mazes of varying difficulty under the stress of time pressure, aided by a GPS-like navigation aid system which varied in its reliability. Our findings showed that task difficulty and stress had significant effects on participants’ trust in the automated navigation aid. Trust was also affected by the system’s response to errors: participants were slightly less likely to follow the instructions of an automated system that corrected itself. These findings reinforce the importance of considering task and environmental conditions when predicting peoples’ compliance with automated systems under different operating conditions and usage environments.

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Yin, Gui Sheng, and Shu Yin Wang. "Dynamic Trust Model of Internet-Ware Based on Task Classification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.221.

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with the Internet popularity and the widely application of information storage technology, people pay more and more attention on the information security. Trust model is the hot spot of present information security field. It is connected with the safety interaction and operation of the entire system. Internet has the characteristic of openness, anonymity, and autonomy. All these extrude the security problems. How to build the safety and reliable trust model is the most reliable approach to solve the network security problems. Trusted computing is the core center of trust model. Through the trusted computing, we will get the perfect security design.

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Litaker, Kylie, and Christopher B. Mayhorn. "Influences of Stress on Interactions with Decision Support." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 1886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641454.

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People regularly interact with automation to make decisions. Research shows that reliance on recommendations can depend on user trust in the decision support system (DSS), the source of information (i.e. human or automation), and situational stress. This study explored how information source and stress affect trust and reliance on a DSS used in a baggage scanning task. A preliminary sample of sixty-one participants were given descriptions for a DSS and reported trust before and after interaction. The DSS gave explicit recommendations when activated and participants could choose to rely or reject the choice. Results revealed a bias towards self-reliance and a negative influence of stress on trust, particularly for participants receiving help from automation. Controlling for perceived reliability may have eliminated trust biases prior to interaction, while stress may have influenced trust during the task. Future research should address potential differences in task motivation and include physiological measures of stress.

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Trotsuk, Irina. "“To Trust or Not to Trust” Is Not the Question; “How to Study Trust” Is Much More Challenging Task." Russian Sociological Review 15, no. 4 (2016): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2016-4-57-75.

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Huang, Wen Ming, Zhen Rong Deng, Ren Hua Li, and Xing Xing Tang. "Trust-Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Grid Task Scheduling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 1331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.1331.

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To solve the problem of grid task scheduling, an improved algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented. This paper introduces mutation into PSO. Mutation makes the algorithm jump out local optimization. To some extent, it overcomes the inherent flaw of PSO that falling into local optimization. This paper also introduces trust mechanism into the algorithm to improve the service performance of grid system. The result of simulation experiment shows that the improved algorithm not only makes the complete time minimum, but also have more tasks executed successfully.

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Hermoso, Ramón, Holger Billhardt, and Sascha Ossowski. "Trust-based role coordination in task-oriented multiagent systems." Knowledge-Based Systems 52 (November 2013): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2013.07.004.

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Liu, Xin. "Optimization of Load Balancing Scheduling Model for Cloud Computing Resources in Abnormal Network Environment." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 23, no. 2 (March 20, 2019): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2019.p0356.

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In the context of abnormal network environment, cloud computing needs to rationally schedule resources in order to meet users’ needs. In this paper, an improved trust-driven load balancing scheduling model based on hybrid genetic ant colony is proposed to optimize resources allocation. Each subtask is assigned to a virtual resource. After the task is classified, the initial solution of the resource is calculated using genetic theory, and the optimal solution is obtained by using the ant colony theory, and the optimal resource node is acquired. The benefit function is utilized to calculate the trust requirements of the task for resources, and reasonable resources are obtained by mapping according to different trust values. The average trust benefit of the task on the resource pool is calculated, and the task-resource pairs larger than the average benefit are counted and filtered. According to the matching degree of benefit value of the resource and task, the task is scheduled to the resource with the lowest resource load, and the optimization of load balancing scheduling process is implemented. Experimental results show that using the improved model in this paper can achieve the purpose of resource load balancing.

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Sanders, Tracy, Alexandra Kaplan, Ryan Koch, Michael Schwartz, and P. A. Hancock. "The Relationship Between Trust and Use Choice in Human-Robot Interaction." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 4 (January 2, 2019): 614–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818816838.

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Objective: To understand the influence of trust on use choice in human-robot interaction via experimental investigation. Background: The general assumption that trusting a robot leads to using that robot has been previously identified, often by asking participants to choose between manually completing a task or using an automated aid. Our work further evaluates the relationship between trust and use choice and examines factors impacting choice. Method: An experiment was conducted wherein participants rated a robot on a trust scale, then made decisions about whether to use that robotic agent or a human agent to complete a task. Participants provided explicit reasoning for their choices. Results: While we found statistical support for the “trust leads to use” relationship, qualitative results indicate other factors are important as well. Conclusion: Results indicated that while trust leads to use, use is also heavily influenced by the specific task at hand. Users more often chose a robot for a dangerous task where loss of life is likely, citing safety as their primary concern. Conversely, users chose humans for the mundane warehouse task, mainly citing financial reasons, specifically fear of job and income loss for the human worker. Application: Understanding the factors driving use choice is key to appropriate interaction in the field of human-robot teaming.

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Saleem, Farida, Yingying Zhang Zhang, C. Gopinath, and Ahmad Adeel. "Impact of Servant Leadership on Performance: The Mediating Role of Affective and Cognitive Trust." SAGE Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): 215824401990056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900562.

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Servant leadership style has drawn much attention in the last decade to leadership studies on account of its focus on serving others first. Extant literature calls for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism for servant leadership to positively influence performance within an organization. We position servant leadership to contribute to firms’ sustainable performance, by empirically studying the mediating mechanism of bi-dimensional trust, namely affective and cognitive trust, between servant leadership and individual performance. Our data comprised of dyadic samples of 233 pairs of subordinates and their supervisors. The results from hierarchical linear model (HLM) for clustered data showed that servant leadership strongly predicted affective trust, organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), and task performance of subordinates; affective trust fully mediated servant leadership’s effect on task performance while partially mediates servant leadership’s effect on subordinates’ OCB. In contrast, cognitive trust did not mediate servant leadership’s effect on either OCB or task performance. These findings reveal the relevance of affective trust as the underlying mechanism which mediates and deciphers servant leadership into positive individual performance.

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Yuan Zhang, Meng, and X. Jessie Yang. "Evaluating effects of workload on trust in automation, attention allocation and dual-task performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601932.

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This study aimed to examine how workload and automation aid type affected operators’ trust in automation, attention allocation and dual-task performance. With a simulated surveillance task, participants monitored the picture steaming from an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) while planning the paths of two unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The analysis of experimental results indicated that workload affected operators’ attention allocation and dual-task performance, but not their trust in automation. As workload increased, attention allocation on the automated task decreased and on the concurrent task increased. Moreover, an increasing workload led to longer response time for the automated task. For the concurrent task, higher workload harmed task performance accuracy but resulting in shorter response time.

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Sanders, Tracy L., Keith MacArthur, William Volante, Gabriella Hancock, Thomas MacGillivray, William Shugars, and P. A. Hancock. "Trust and Prior Experience in Human-Robot Interaction." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 1809–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601934.

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This experiment explored the influence of users’ experience (prior interaction) with robots on their attitudes and trust toward robotic agents. Specifically, we hypothesized that prior experience would lead to 1) higher trust scores after viewing a robot complete a task, 2) smaller differences in trust scores when comparing a human and a robot completing the same task, and 3) more positive general attitudes towards robots. These hypotheses were supported although not all results achieved significant levels of differentiation. These findings confirm that prior experience plays an important role in both user trust and general attitude in human-robot interactions.

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Wu, Meng-Han, and Alexander Quinn. "Confusing the Crowd: Task Instruction Quality on Amazon Mechanical Turk." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing 5 (September 21, 2017): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/hcomp.v5i1.13317.

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Task instruction quality is widely presumed to affect outcomes, such as accuracy, throughput, trust, and worker satisfaction. Best practices guides written by experienced requesters share their advice about how to craft task interfaces. However, there is little evidence of how specific task design attributes affect actual outcomes. This paper presents a set of studies that expose the relationship between three sets of measures: (a) workers’ perceptions of task quality, (b) adherence to popular best practices, and (c) actual outcomes when tasks are posted (including accuracy, throughput, trust, and worker satisfaction). These were investigated using collected task interfaces, along with a model task that we systematically mutated to test the effects of specific task design guidelines.

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Xu, Ling, Jianzhong Qiao, Shukuan Lin, and Ruihua Qi. "Task Assignment Algorithm Based on Trust in Volunteer Computing Platforms." Information 10, no. 7 (July 23, 2019): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10070244.

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In volunteer computing (VC), the expected availability time and the actual availability time provided by volunteer nodes (VNs) are usually inconsistent. Scheduling tasks with precedence constraints in VC under this situation is a new challenge. In this paper, we propose two novel task assignment algorithms to minimize completion time (makespan) by a flexible task assignment. Firstly, this paper proposes a reliability model, which uses a simple fuzzy model to predict the time interval provided by a VN. This reliability model can reduce inconsistencies between the expected availability time and actual availability time. Secondly, based on the reliability model, this paper proposes an algorithm called EFTT (Earliest Finish Task based on Trust, EFTT), which can minimize makespan. However, EFTT may induce resource waste in task assignment. To make full use of computing resources and reduce task segmentation rate, an algorithm IEFTT (improved earliest finish task based on trust, IEFTT) is further proposed. Finally, experimental results verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.

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Sanders, Nathan, Sanghyun Choo, Nayoung Kim, Chang S. Nam, and Edward P. Fitts. "Neural Correlates of Trust During an Automated System Monitoring Task: Preliminary Results of an Effective Connectivity Study." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631409.

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As autonomous systems become more prevalent and their inner workings become more opaque, we increasingly rely on trust to guide our interactions with them especially in complex or rapidly evolving situations. When our expectations of what automation is capable of do not match reality, the consequences can be sub-optimal to say the least. The degree to which our trust reflects actual capability is known as trust calibration. One of the approaches to studying this is neuroergonomics. By understanding the neural mechanisms involved in human-machine trust, we can design systems which promote trust calibration and possibly measure trust in real time. Our study used the Multi Attribute Task Battery to investigate neural correlates of trust in automation. We used EEG to record brain activity of participants as they watched four algorithms of varying reliability perform the SYSMON subtask on the MATB. Subjects reported their subjective trust level after each round. We subsequently conducted an effective connectivity analysis and identified the cingulate cortex as a node, and its asymmetry ratio and incoming information flow as possible indices of trust calibration. We hope our study will inform future work involving decision-making and real-time cognitive state detection.

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Ge, Jun Wei, Jun Li Shen, and Yi Qiu Fang. "Task Scheduling Research Based on Dynamic Backup in Cloud Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 519-520 (February 2014): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.519-520.284.

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In order to improve resource utilization in cloud environment and reduce the total task execution time, a new scheduling strategytask scheduling strategy based on dynamic backup was proposed. The cloud system scheduling model was built, according to different security requirements for tasks to users and different trust level for nodes. This model can schedule the number of tasks backup reasonably, according to the change of system trust index. The simulation result shows that, this strategy can improve the overall system efficiency effectively.

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Wolterstorff, Nicholas. "Reason and trust in Reid." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 41, S1 (July 2014): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2014.897482.

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My theme in this essay is the anti-rationalism in Reid's thought. I explore three areas of Reid's thought in which anti-rationalism is a prominent feature: Reid's attack on the Way of Ideas and his own account of how beliefs are formed, in particular, perceptual beliefs, his response to the skeptic, and his understanding of the task of the philosopher.

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Liu, Ying, and Yongmei Liu. "The effect of workers’ justice perception on continuance participation intention in the crowdsourcing market." Internet Research 29, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 1485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-02-2018-0060.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact mechanism of workers’ perceived justice, trust and job satisfaction (JS) on their continuance participation intention in the crowdsourcing market. Design/methodology/approach An e-questionnaire was posted as an online task on Zhubajie, and data from 304 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SmartPLS 3 software. Findings Results show that crowdsourcing workers’ distributive and interpersonal justice have a significant impact on their trust in the task requester, while procedural and informational justice significantly affect their trust in intermediary management. Workers’ trust in the task requester and in intermediary management positively affects JS, which ultimately affects their continuance participation intention in the crowdsourcing market. Research limitations/implications Based on the social exchange theory, this study examines the positive impact of workers’ justice perception on their continuance participation intention. It dissects the inherent mechanism of workers’ justice perception about their continuance participation intention using three variables of trust in the task requester, trust in intermediary management and JS. Practical implications Given the positive relationship between workers’ justice perception and continuance participation intention, crowdsourcing intermediary website managers should adopt effective measures to enhance workers’ justice perception to strengthen their continuance participation intention. Originality/value This study explores factors that influence workers’ continuance participation intention and their inherent mechanism in the crowdsourcing market based on justice and social exchange theories. It is an extension of research on continuous participation behavior in the crowdsourcing field.

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Lee, Chun-chang, Yu-hsin Lin, Hsin-Chung Huang, Wei-wen Huang, and Hsu-hung Teng. "The Effects of Task Interdependence, Team Cooperation, and Team Conflict on Job Performance." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 4 (May 24, 2015): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.4.529.

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Using a linear structural model, we investigated the impact of task interdependence, task and relationship conflict in a team, and team cooperation on job performance of real estate brokers in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The empirical results showed that task interdependence significantly and positively influenced team cooperation and job performance, and significantly and negatively influenced relationship conflict. Relationship conflict significantly and negatively influenced team cooperation; task conflict positively and significantly influenced job performance; team cooperation significantly and positively influenced job performance; and trust significantly moderated the effect of task conflict on job performance. It is clear from these results that, when investigating the factors affecting real estate brokers' job performance, it is necessary to consider the effects of task interdependence, task conflict, relationship conflict, and team cooperation, as well as the moderating effect of trust.

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Yu, Jiaohui. "Qualitative Simulation Algorithm for Resource Scheduling in Enterprise Management Cloud Mode." Complexity 2021 (February 23, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676908.

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Aiming at the problem of resource scheduling optimization in enterprise management cloud mode, a customizable fuzzy clustering cloud resource scheduling algorithm based on trust sensitivity is proposed. Firstly, on the one hand, a fuzzy clustering method is used to divide cloud resource scheduling into two aspects: cloud user resource scheduling and cloud task resource scheduling. On the other hand, a trust-sensitive mechanism is introduced into cloud task scheduling to prevent malicious node attacks or dishonest recommendation from node providers. At the same time, in the cloud task scheduling, cloud resources are divided according to the comprehensive performance of resources, and the trust sensitivity coefficient of each type of task resources is calculated. Then, according to the trust sensitivity coefficient, the matching cloud tasks are selected for users. Through the comparison of simulation experiments, the customized fuzzy clustering cloud resource scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper reduces the user’s cost of selecting cloud service provider in the cloud resource scheduling. It not only embodies the principle of cloud resource allocation on demand but also can give full play to the advantages of cloud resources and improve the throughput of the whole cloud system and the satisfaction of cloud users.

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Ashianti, Agnes, and Albertus Fani. "Pengaruh Kesesuaian Tugas-Teknologi, Kepercayaan dan Efektivitas Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Terhadap Kinerja Individu pada Pasar Swalayan di Kota Tangerang." Jurnal ULTIMA Accounting 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/akuntansi.v5i2.152.

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The objective of this research is to examine the effect of task-technology fit, trust of accounting information systems, and effectiveness of accounting information systems on the individual performance at a supermarket in Tangerang city. The samples in this study were employees of a supermarket in Tangerang city who used accounting information system in doing its job. The data used in this study is primary data through questionnaires. In data analysis techniques, this study test the reliability of the formula coefficient of Cronbach 's Alpha, validity test by means of correlation using the r counted and r table, test for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the classical assumption, hypothesis testing multiple linear regression, t test, and F test. The results showed that the task-technology fit and trust of accounting information systems each have a significant effect on the individual performance, while the effectiveness of accounting information systems does not significantly influence the individual performance. Task-technology fit, trust of accounting information systems, and the effectiveness of accounting information systems have simultaneous significant effect on the individual performance. Keyword: Task-Technology Fit, Trust of Accounting Information Systems, Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems, Individual Performance..

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Olson, Bradley J., Satyanarayana Parayitam, and Yongjian Bao. "Strategic Decision Making: The Effects of Cognitive Diversity, Conflict, and Trust on Decision Outcomes." Journal of Management 33, no. 2 (April 2007): 196–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206306298657.

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Basing their hypotheses on information processing theory, the authors incorporate important group processes within strategic decision making. They examine the interrelationships of cognitive diversity, task conflict, and competence-based trust and their effects on decision outcomes. Their survey includes top management teams from 85 U.S. hospitals. They found that cognitive diversity has a strong positive relationship with task conflict and that competence-based trust strengthens this relationship. In addition, these results suggest that task conflict mediates the effects of cognitive diversity on decision outcomes.

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Guo, Jialin, Guosheng Huang, Qiang Li, Neal N. Xiong, Shaobo Zhang, and Tian Wang. "STMTO: A smart and trust multi-UAV task offloading system." Information Sciences 573 (September 2021): 519–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2021.05.020.

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Soboroff, Shane D., Christopher P. Kelley, and Michael J. Lovaglia. "Group Size, Commitment, Trust, and Mutual Awareness in Task Groups." Sociological Quarterly 61, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2019.1625735.

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Wu, Dexiang, Guohua Shen, Zhiqiu Huang, Yan Cao, and Tianbao Du. "A Trust-Aware Task Offloading Framework in Mobile Edge Computing." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 150105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2947306.

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Liu, Guofang. "Implicit measurement of trust in professions: Automatic attitude activation task." Current Psychology 39, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 1569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9856-0.

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Luster, Maya S., and Brandon J. Pitts. "Trust in Automation: The Effects of System Certainty on Decision-Making." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (September 2021): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651079.

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In the field of Human Factors, the concept of trust in automation can help to explain how and why users interact with particular systems. One way to examine trust is through task performance and/or behavioral observations. Previous work has identified several system-related moderators of trust in automation, such as reliability and complexity. However, the effects of system certainty, i.e., the knowledge that a machine has regarding its own decision-making abilities, on trust remains unclear. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which system certainty affects perceived trust. Participants performed a partially simulated flight task and decided what action to take in response to targets in the environment detected by the aircraft’s automation. The automation’s certainty levels in recognizing targets were 30%, 50%, and 80%. Overall, participants accepted the system’s recommendation regardless of the certainty level and trust in the system increased as the system’s certainty level increased. Results may help to inform the development of future autonomous systems.

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Lai, Chin-Hui, and Yu-Chieh Chang. "Document recommendation based on the analysis of group trust and user weightings." Journal of Information Science 45, no. 6 (January 4, 2019): 845–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551518819973.

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Collaborative filtering (CF) has been applied in various domains to resolve problems related to information overload. In a knowledge-intensive environment, most works are processed through teamwork. A user on a team can reference task-related documents from other trusted members to support work on the task. However, the traditional personalised recommender systems no longer meet the demand of teams or groups. Therefore, this work proposes a novel document recommendation method based on a group-based trust model. Our method will analyse the degrees of trust among users in a group and then identify the trustworthy users. The proposed group trust consists of a hybrid personal trust (HPT) model and users’ importance (i.e. users’ activity, similarity and reputation) in a group. Group-based trust is then integrated with the user-based CF to recommend documents to users. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can provide better performance than other trust-based recommendation methods; it not only obtains reliable trust values to increase the accuracy of predictions but also enhances the recommendation quality.

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Ali Ahammed G.F, Reshman Banu, Masthan Ali A. H,. "Energy Aware Hierarchal Data Aggregation and Trust Based Data Integrity Verification for WSN." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 5637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.2185.

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Currently the demand of wireless sensor networks has gained huge attraction due to its wide range of applications. Generally, these nodes are equipped with limited power resource and deployed in harsh environment where replacing these resources is a tedious task. Due to these issues, minimizing the energy consumption is a prime task to prolong the network lifetime. To overcome the challenging issue of data aggregation we introduced a novel combined mechanism which performs clustering and trust computing process to improve the data aggregation. According to this scheme, we arrange the nodes as normal node, advanced node and super nodes based on their residual energy parameters. The proposed model uses hierarchal scheme where we present a new mechanism for optimal number of cluster formation and cluster head selection. After selecting the cluster head, we apply trust computation scheme which provides sensing trust, link trust and node trust. The node trust is computed as direct and indirect trust. This trust mechanism is used as hop-by-hop manner to maintain he data integrity. The experimental study shows that proposed approach achieves better performance and maintains the security aspects of WSN.

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McMyler, Benjamin, and Adebayo Ogungbure. "RECENT WORK ON TRUST AND TESTIMONY." American Philosophical Quarterly 55, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/45128616.

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Abstract Epistemologists have recently started appealing to the moral philosophy literature on interpersonal trust in order to help explain the epistemology of testimony. We argue that epistemologists who have given trust a significant role in their accounts of the epistemology of testimony have appealed to very different conceptions of the nature of trust, which have inevitably influenced the shape of their epistemological theorizing. Some have employed accounts of the nature of interpersonal trust according to which trust is a practical phenomenon subject to the will and to practical reasoning. Such accounts face the task of showing how the practical phenomenon that is interpersonal trust has epistemic implications for testimonial belief. Other theorists have employed accounts of the nature of interpersonal trust according to which trust is at least partly a cognitive phenomenon, itself subject to epistemic norms. Such accounts do not face the task of showing how practical rationality has implications for theoretical reason. Instead, they face the rather different tasks of showing how it is that cognitive trusting bears genuinely interpersonal features, and of how theoretical rationality can share features with practical rationality.

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Ali, Abid, Muhammad Munawar Iqbal, Harun Jamil, Habib Akbar, Ammar Muthanna, Meryem Ammi, and Maha M. Althobaiti. "Multilevel Central Trust Management Approach for Task Scheduling on IoT-Based Mobile Cloud Computing." Sensors 22, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22010108.

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With the increasing number of mobile devices and IoT devices across a wide range of real-life applications, our mobile cloud computing devices will not cope with this growing number of audiences soon, which implies and demands the need to shift to fog computing. Task scheduling is one of the most demanding scopes after the trust computation inside the trustable nodes. The mobile devices and IoT devices transfer the resource-intensive tasks towards mobile cloud computing. Some tasks are resource-intensive and not trustable to allocate to the mobile cloud computing resources. This consequently gives rise to trust evaluation and data sync-up of devices joining and leaving the network. The resources are more intensive for cloud computing and mobile cloud computing. Time, energy, and resources are wasted due to the nontrustable nodes. This research article proposes a multilevel trust enhancement approach for efficient task scheduling in mobile cloud environments. We first calculate the trustable tasks needed to offload towards the mobile cloud computing. Then, an efficient and dynamic scheduler is added to enhance the task scheduling after trust computation using social and environmental trust computation techniques. To improve the time and energy efficiency of IoT and mobile devices using the proposed technique, the energy computation and time request computation are compared with the existing methods from literature, which identified improvements in the results. Our proposed approach is centralized to tackle constant SyncUPs of incoming devices’ trust values with mobile cloud computing. With the benefits of mobile cloud computing, the centralized data distribution method is a positive approach.

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Hanna, Joshua Thomas, Alexandria K. Elms, Harjinder Gill, David J. Stanley, and Deborah M. Powell. "The effect of leader risk-taking on subordinate felt trust." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 40, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-2018-0386.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how leaders’ behaviour and subordinates’ personality can impact subordinates’ feelings of being trusted. Feeling trusted by one’s leader is associated with increased performance, organisational citizenship behaviours and job satisfaction (Baer et al., 2015; Lester and Brower, 2003).Design/methodology/approachParticipants read a vignette in which a leader’s behaviour was manipulated and then rated the extent to which they felt trusted. Participants in Sample 1 consisted of 726 undergraduate students with work experience, and Sample 2 consisted of 1,196 people with work experience recruited over CrowdFlower, a crowd-sourcing website.FindingsResults from both samples indicate that a leader delegating a task increases subordinate felt trust, for Sample 1p<0.001,d=0.75 and for Sample 2p<0.001,d=0.90. Further, subordinate felt trust increases when the task delegated is of high importance, for Sample 1p<0.001,d=0.42 and for Sample 2p<0.001,d=0.58. The likelihood of the delegated task resulting in negative outcomes and subordinate propensity to trust have negligible effects on felt trust.Originality/valueDespite the organisational benefits of felt trust, it is still unclear how to elicit subordinates’ felt trust. This study is one of the first to empirically examine leader behaviour that may lead subordinates to feel trusted in the workplace. These findings support theoretical underpinnings of the relational leadership model and the risk-based model of trust.

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Altunoğlu, Ali Ender, Faruk Şahin, and Sümeyra Babacan. "Transformational leadership, trust, and follower outcomes: a moderated mediation model." Management Research Review 42, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 370–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-01-2018-0036.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the influences of transformational leadership behaviors on followers’ task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors, the potential mediating role of affective trust and moderating effect of follower tenure with leader in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected survey data from 197 employees from various organizations in Turkey, operating in several sectors. To test the relationships among study variables, the authors followed the moderated mediation procedure suggested by Hayes (2013).FindingsThe findings indicated that transformational leadership behaviors have significant positive effects on both followers’ task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, mediational analyses showed that affective trust mediated the relationship between transformational leadership behaviors and followers’ task performance. Moreover, the moderation analysis shows that the effect of transformational leadership behaviors on affective trust depended on leader–follower dyadic tenure, with the effect of transformational leadership behaviors being greater at high level of leader–follower dyadic tenure.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides evidence of the positive relationship of transformational leadership behaviors with followers’ affective trust at work and task performance. Such knowledge suggests that improving leaders’ skills and capabilities in terms of transformational leadership through training might lead organizations to work more effectively.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by showing the importance of affective trust, explaining why transformational leaders can motivate and influence followers to achieve a higher performance. In addition, this research provides knowledge about transformational leadership effectiveness in developing countries, mainly in Turkey.

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Kim, Youngshik, Sungho Han, and Yongwon Suh. "Identifying moderators of effects of task conflict on relationship conflict." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 30, no. 3 (August 31, 2017): 415–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v30i3.415-441.

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In this article, two studies were conducted to identify variables that moderate the effects of task conflict on relationship conflict. In the first study, Relationship quality dimension variables (trust, promotive interdependence) were used to identify moderating effects. For study 1, data were collected from 400 employees using survey questionnaires. The results showed that high level of trust and promotive interdependence buffer the effects of task conflict on relationship conflict. In study 2, Individual difference dimension (self-esteem, interpersonal sensitivity) variables were used. The data were collected from 269 employees using survey questionnaires. The results revealed that high level interpersonal sensitivity reduced the effects of task conflict on relationship conflict. Finally, implications and limitations of these results were discussed.

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Smith, Melissa A., M. Mowafak Allaham, and Eva Wiese. "Trust in Automated Agents is Modulated by the Combined Influence of Agent and Task Type." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601046.

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Trust in automation is an important topic in the field of human factors and has a substantial impact on both attitudes towards and performance with automated systems. One variable that has been shown to influence trust is the degree of human-likeness that is displayed by the automated system with the main finding being that increased human-like appearance leads to increased ratings of trust. In the current study, we investigate whether humanness unanimously leads to higher trust or whether the degree to which an agent is trusted depends on context variables (i.e., task type). For that purpose, we created a task with a social (i.e., judging emotional states from the eye region) and an analytical component (i.e., mathematical task) and measured how strongly participants complied to human, avatar or computer agents when performing the social versus the analytical version with them. We hypothesized that human-like agents are trusted more on social tasks, while machine-like agents are trusted more on analytical tasks. In line with our hypothesis, the results show that, human agents are in general not trusted more than automated agents but that the degree to which an agent is trusted depends on the anticipated expertise of an agent for a given task. The findings suggest that when designing automated systems that are supposed to interact with humans, the degree of humanness of the agent needs to match the degree to which a task requires social skills.

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Lupoi, Maurizio. "I trust e la loro comprensione comparatistica." gennaio-febbraio, no. 1 (February 3, 2022): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35948/1590-5586/2022.45.

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Tesi“Trust” è una nozione vaga e ultra-semplificata che nessuno studioso di common law ha mai tradotto in termini con i quali i giuristi di diritto civile hanno familiarità. Il diritto dei trust non è stato mai sistematizzato ed è strutturalmente incoerente (il che non significa che sia irrazionale); non esiste neanche una definizione dei ‘trust’ generalmente accettata e l’art. 2 della Convenzione de L’Aja sul trust non include tutti i caratteri del trust di common law. L’incoerenza è un dato strutturale del diritto inglese dei trust che si è sviluppato per mezzo di dicta giudiziari, ciascuno dei quali è un frammento delle inespresse teorie giuridiche dei singoli giudici. I giuristi di diritto civile non sono in grado di ‘tradurre’ le nozioni dell’equity in concetti di diritto civile. Non si tratta però di un compito impossibile se l’origine delle nozioni dell’equity e delle regole del diritto dei trust sono rintracciate e spiegate; così, un legislatore civilista può ben ricorrere al diritto dei contratti e perfino consentire che i disponenti agiscano in giudizio contro i loro trustee senza modificare sostanzialmente gli aspetti funzionali dei trust. D’altra parte i civilisti debbono diffidare da certi sviluppi moderni della “industria del trust” e dai connessi “trust industriali”, dal dilagare dei quali può discendere il crollo dell’intero diritto dei trust. The author's view“Trust” is a vague and over-simplified notion that no common law scholar has ever put in terms familiar to civil lawyers. Trust law has not been rationalised and is structurally incoherent (which does not mean irrational); not even a generally held definition of “trust” exists and article 2 of the Hague Trust Convention did not embody all the features of the common law trust. Incoherence is a structural feature of English trust law which developed from dicta of judges, each of which is a fragment of a judge’s unspoken legal theory. Civilians are unable to ‘translate’ equitable notions into civil law concepts. It is not an impossible task, however, once the origins of the equitable notions and of trust law rules are traced and explained; thus, a civilian lawmaker may well resort to contract law and even allow settlors to sue their trustees without substantially varying the functional aspects of trusts. On the other hand, civilians should be wary of certain modern developments of the “trust industry” and of the attendant “industrial trusts”, from the spread of which the demise of the whole trust law may ensue.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Trust task'

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