Journal articles on the topic 'Trucks'
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1
Halusiak, Sławomir. "The analysis of the state of OSH at the use of forklifts in Poland." Occupational Safety – Science and Practice 576, no. 9 (September 20, 2019): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4542.
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The increase of the number of forklifts is associated with the elevated threat of accidents and dangerous situations that should be systematically analyzed. On the occasion of the assessment, it is worth using accident ratios for given devices and dangerous situations. The article presents the results of research into the causes and effects of accidents at work of forklift trucks’ operators in 2011÷2017. The most serious accident occurred in the case of: loss of stability of the forklift truck at the bend, crush caused by the truck, impact by the truck’s load, impact by the truck itself. Most injuries arose in the case of: overturning when reversing the truck, overrunning employees’ leg, crush by the truck or its load, impact by the truck. The safety of work of the forklift trucks operators under full supervision has improved. Errors in the operation of trucks increased, which requires more frequent verification of operators' skills and the increase of their awareness of hazards.
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Mavia, Riska Tea Ayu Cindy, Diky Siswanto Siswanto, and Gigih Priyandoko. "Sistem Pendeteksi Posisi Kendaraan Kecil pada Dump Truck Tambang menggunakan Modul Radio Frekuensi 433 MHz dan Radar Ultrasonik." JASEE Journal of Application and Science on Electrical Engineering 3, no. 02 (October 31, 2022): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/jasee.v3i02.247.
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Accidents with mining dump trucks are still common, especially those with small vehicles located in mining locations. The limited visibility of the driver of the large dump truck to see small vehicles around it cause these accidents. This paper presents a small vehicle detection system prototype designed to improve the visibility of the dump truck’s driver. This system works by initially a dump truck detecting the 433 MHz radio frequency, which indicates the small vehicle is around the dump truck. A buzzer sound, controlled by Fuzzy logic according to the distance of small vehicles, also equips the system. It then triggers the truck’s ultrasonic radar to sense the position of small vehicles. The warning information will be displayed on the 16 x 2 LCD. At the same time, a TFT LCD presents the angle and distance of small vehicles. With this system, a dump truck's driver can realize the presence of small vehicles earlier and detect the position and distance of those vehicles.
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Kim, Jonghoek. "Truck Platoon Control Considering Heterogeneous Vehicles." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 23, 2020): 5067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155067.
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This paper presents control algorithms enabling autonomous heterogeneous trucks to drive in platoons. Heterogeneous trucks imply that the hardware information (e.g., truck length, break, accelerator, or engine) of a truck may be distinct from that of another truck. A platoon is defined as a collection of trucks where a manually driven truck (leader truck) is followed by several automatically controlled following trucks. This paper is novel in presenting the longitudinal control of a truck platoon, as the trucks move along a curved lane as well as a straight lane. For a lateral maneuver, this paper proposes making every autonomous truck keep following the leader’s waypoints while maintaining a designated distance from its predecessor truck. This paper develops both a lateral maneuver and speed control considering a platoon of heterogeneous trucks. The efficiency of the proposed approach is verified using simulations.
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Wang, Z. X., Felix T.S. Chan, S. H. Chung, and Ben Niu. "A decision support method for internal truck employment." Industrial Management & Data Systems 114, no. 9 (October 7, 2014): 1378–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2014-0215.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a model that determines the strategy of owning and renting trucks in combinations with internal truck scheduling and storage allocation problems in container terminals. Design/methodology/approach – To deal with this complicated problem, a two-level heuristic approach is developed, in which the integration problem is decomposed into two levels. The first level determines the daily operations of the internal trucks, while the second level determines the truck employment strategy based on the calculation in the first level. Findings – The results show that: even if the using cost of owned yard trucks is much lower than the cost of rented yard tucks, terminal companies should not purchase too many trucks when the purchasing price is high. In addition, the empirical truck employment strategies, which are purchasing all the trucks or renting all the trucks, are not cost-effective when compared with the proposed yard truck employment strategy. Originality/value – The paper provides a novel insight for the internal truck employment strategy in container terminals which is the determination of the strategy of employing renting and outsourcing yard trucks to meet operational daily transportation requirements and minimize the long-term cost of employing yard trucks. A mathematical model is proposed to deal with the practical problem. Also, this study presents better solution than empirical method for employing different types of yard truck. Thus, in order to obtain more benefit, terminal companies should employ the proposed yard truck employment strategy.
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Sistuk, Vladimir, and Andrey Pikilnyak. "The Wheeled Vehicle Forced Additional Turn Analytical Study." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 63, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.11103.
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The study is dedicated to increasing open pit trucks with electrical transmission maneuverability indices. The possibility of forced controllability usage of rear traction wheels of open pit truck with the electrical transmission, which enables them to carry out maneuvers with the usage of a forced additional turn is presented. For the first time, there has been worked out a mathematical model of the forced additional turn. It enables to determine a correlation of rotational speed ratio of rear traction wheels of starboard and port sides of the wheeled vehicle relative to a tire-to-surface friction coefficient. Firstly, the analytical dependences, which allow predicting the indices of open pit trucks maneuverability while using the forced additional turn are determined. The mathematical model adopted to appropriate truck's electric drive control algorithm can lead to trucks performance increasing by means of maneuvering time reducing.
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Mareev, Ivan, and Dirk Sauer. "Energy Consumption and Life Cycle Costs of Overhead Catenary Heavy-Duty Trucks for Long-Haul Transportation." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2018): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123446.
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The overhead catenary truck is an interesting technology for long-haul transportation with heavy-duty trucks because it can combine the advantage of energy supply via catenary while driving and the flexibility of a battery truck on routes without catenary using the traction battery. This study investigates the energy consumptions of overhead catenary trucks on German highways and considers different configurations for the traction battery and catenary power system. Afterwards the life cycle costs of overhead catenary trucks are calculated for a specified long-haul transportation scenario and the results are compared to battery electric truck and diesel truck using the findings of a previous study by the authors. The energy consumption of the considered overhead catenary trucks is approximately equal to that of a battery electric truck but only about a half of the equivalent energy consumption of a conventional diesel truck. According to the cost assumptions in this study, the total life cycle costs of overhead catenary trucks can be in the range of the conventional diesel truck, showing the competitiveness of this alternative truck technology.
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Kim, Eunbin, Youngrim Kim, and Jieun Park. "The Necessity of Introducing Autonomous Trucks in Logistics 4.0." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 28, 2022): 3978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073978.
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Autonomous vehicles have become important with the emergence of Logistics 4.0. Moreover, truck-based transport has become the critical means of transport in the logistics market. Thus, to deal with the pending issues of the logistics market, it is not enough to merely expand the workforce. Adopting autonomous trucks will also help change the truck allocation structure. This may enable horizontal and vertical integration based on the new logistics model and help address various problems faced by shipping companies. Thus, adopting autonomous trucks can provide various benefits for the logistics business, society, and consumers. However, adopting autonomous trucks does not only have benefits. Here, this study suggests truck platooning as a method of adopting autonomous trucks more efficiently. Furthermore, we approach the potential issues regarding autonomous truck adoption from various perspectives by demonstrating the efficiency of autonomous trucks as well as their problems.
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Yeh, Wei-Chang, Chia-Ling Huang, and Haw-Sheng Wu. "An Improved d-MP Algorithm for Reliability of Logistics Delivery Considering Speed Limit of Different Roads." Signals 3, no. 4 (December 13, 2022): 895–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/signals3040053.
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The construction of intelligent logistics by intelligent wireless sensing is a modern trend. Hence, this study uses the multistate flow network (MFN) to explore the actual environment of logistics delivery and to consider the different types of transportation routes available for logistics trucks in today’s practical environment, which have been neglected in previous studies. Two road types, namely highways and slow roads, with different speed limits are explored. The speed of the truck is fast on the highway, so the completion time of the single delivery is, of course, fast. However, it is also because of its high speed that it is subject to many other conditions. For example, if the turning angle of the truck is too large, there will be a risk of the truck overturning, which is a quite serious and important problem that must be included as a constraint. Moreover, highways limit the weight of trucks, so this limit is also included as a constraint. On the other hand, if the truck is driving on a slow road, where its speed is much slower than that of a highway, it is not limited by the turning angle. Nevertheless, regarding the weight capacity of trucks, although the same type of trucks running on slow roads can carry a weight capacity that is higher than the load weight limit of driving on the highway, slow roads also have a load weight limit. In addition to a truck’s aforementioned turning angle and load weight capacity, in today’s logistics delivery, time efficiency is extremely important, so the delivery completion time is also included as a constraint. Therefore, this study uses the improved d-MP method to study the reliability of logistics delivery in trucks driving on two types of roads under constraints to help enhance the construction of intelligent logistics with intelligent wireless sensing. An illustrative example in an actual environment is introduced.
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Olayode, Isaac Oyeyemi, Lagouge Kwanda Tartibu, and Tiziana Campisi. "Stability Analysis and Prediction of Traffic Flow of Trucks at Road Intersections Based on Heterogenous Optimal Velocity and Artificial Neural Network Model." Smart Cities 5, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 1092–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5030055.
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The evolution of traffic-related accidents caused by long, short, and medium trucks at signalized road intersections have been underemphasized in the last few years. Far, little attention has been paid to the modelling of trucks traffic flow using an artificial neural network model and evaluating the stability analysis of trucks depending on the heterogenous optimal velocity. This research evaluates the effect of trucks on some specific traffic flow features. Over the years, it has been deduced that trucks, irrespective of their sizes, significantly impact their surrounding traffic flow due to their body sizes and operational features. In this study, we focused on modelling the traffic flow of trucks at signalized road intersections using traffic flow variables such as speed, traffic volume, traffic density, and time as our inputs and outputs. The truck traffic data was collected using up-to-date equipment such as video cameras and inductive loop detectors from the South Africa transportation network. During the ANN modelling of the truck traffic flow, we used 956 traffic datasets divided into 70% for training and 15% each for testing and validation. The ANN model results show testing regression values of R2 (0.99901). This shows that the inputs and output are well correlated and the ANN model’s superiority in predicting truck traffic flow at signalized road intersections. Based on the HEOV model results, the result of the research indicates that in the mixed traffic flow of trucks in real-life scenarios, the proportion of different trucks on the signalized road intersections rather than the proportions of types of trucks can be used in the determination of traffic flow stability of each truck. This research extends our knowledge of truck traffic flow modelling and provides a blueprint for examining the stability analysis of long, short, and medium trucks in their immediate driving environment.
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Yin, Yu Ming, Jue Yang, and Wen Ming Zhang. "Handling and Roll Prediction of Electric Drive Mining Trucks." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 1135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.1135.
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A method is proposed to predict the handling and roll properties of electric drive mining trucks and evaluate their safety status. Trucksim is used to simulate the truck dynamics and Simulink is used to model the electric drive system, the truck model takes a double-lane change manoeuvre according to ISO 3888-1. A 190t mining truck is demonstrated and the understeer gradient and roll angle results respect its safety status well. Using this method, mining truck designers could make the handling and roll prediction before manufacture and modify their design.
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Lee, Jaeyoung, Suyi Mao, Mohamed Abdel-Aty, Yanqi Lian, Lishengsha Yue, and Ilsoo Yun. "Association between Truck Crashes due to Mechanical Failure and Truck Age." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (April 14, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8857458.
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There have been efforts to restrict older trucks in many jurisdictions all over the world. The primary goal of the restrictions is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In addition to the environmental benefits, it is also possible that the truck age restriction could contribute to the enhancement of traffic safety. Older trucks are subject to longer travel-miles than newer trucks and tend to have higher mechanical failure rates. Extremely few studies have been done to explore the impact of trucks’ age on their crash occurrence due to mechanical problems. This study aims to investigate the association between the truck crashes due to mechanical issues and the truck age. Two approaches are adopted to achieve the objective. First, a chi-square test reveals that the proportions of the mechanical failures among older trucks are higher than those among newer ones ( χ 2 = 256.199, p < 0.0001 ). Second, the modeling results indicate that the number of truck crashes due to mechanical failures is significantly increased by the truck age. The findings suggest that policies restricting older trucks should consider not only environmental effects but also traffic safety benefits.
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Conrad, Joseph Locke. "Timber Transportation Crash and Vehicle Defect Rates in the US South." Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health 29, no. 3 (2023): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/jash.15555.
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Highlights Crash rates among southern log truck fleets were 176% higher than log truck fleets in the Lake States. Vehicle and driver out-of-service rates were similar among log trucks in the US South, Northeast, Lake States, and West. The age and condition of log trucks did not explain elevated crash rates in the US South. Abstract. The US South harvests more than 200 million tonnes of timber annually, nearly all of which is transported from forests to mills by truck. Log truck fleets in the US South have been struggling with rising liability insurance premiums. The goal of this study was to compare crash rates and the condition of log trucks operating in the US South to log trucks operating in other US regions and trucks in other industries. A sample of inspection and crash data were collected from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Vehicle and driver out-of-service rates, vehicle defect rates, and crash rates among log truck fleets in the US South were compared to log trucks in other US regions and to 50 large non-log truck fleets. Crash rates among southern log truck fleets were 176% higher than log truck fleets in the Lake States and 48% higher than 50 large non-log truck fleets. Vehicle and driver out-of-service rates were similar among log truck fleets in each region (p > 0.25), but southern logging business fleets had higher vehicle out-of-service rates than 50 large non-log truck fleets (p = 0.02). Driver education, technology implementation, improved fleet maintenance practices, and weight limit parity on interstate highways may improve timber transportation safety. Keywords: Log trucks, Logging accidents, Logging safety, Timber harvesting, Wood supply chain.
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Gabauer, Douglas J. "Real-World Performance of Longitudinal Barriers Struck by Large Trucks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2309, no. 1 (January 2012): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2309-13.
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Very little is known about the real-world performance of traffic barriers when subjected to impacts by large trucks. This study investigated real-world impacts of large trucks into traffic barriers to determine barrier crash involvement rates, the impact performance of barriers not specifically designed to redirect large trucks, and the real-world performance of barriers specifically designed for large trucks. Data sources included the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (2000 to 2009), the General Estimates System (2000 to 2009), and the Large Truck Crash Causation Study (155 in-depth crashes of large trucks into barriers). Impacts of large trucks into longitudinal barriers constituted 3% of all police-reported impacts into longitudinal barriers and roughly the same proportion of barrier fatalities. A logistic regression model predicting barrier penetration showed that the risk of a large truck penetrating a barrier increased by a factor of 6 for impacts with barriers designed primarily for passenger vehicles. Although barriers specifically designed for impacts by large trucks performed better than barriers not specifically designed for impacts by heavy vehicles, the penetration rate of the former was 17%. This penetration rate is of concern, because barriers used for higher test levels are designed to protect other road users, not the occupants of large trucks. Barriers not specifically designed for impacts by large trucks prevented penetration by a large truck approximately half the time. This finding suggests that adding costlier barriers that meet higher test levels may not always be warranted, especially on roadways with lower truck volumes.
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Engholm, Albin, Anna Pernestål, and Ida Kristoffersson. "Cost Analysis of Driverless Truck Operations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 9 (July 28, 2020): 511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120930228.
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Road freight transport is believed by many to be the first transport domain in which driverless (DL) vehicles will have a significant impact. However, in current literature almost no attention has been given to how the diffusion of DL trucks might occur and how it might affect the transport system. To make predictions on the market uptake and to model impacts of DL truck deployment, valid cost estimates of DL truck operations are crucial. In this paper, an analysis of costs and cost structures for DL truck operations, including indicative numerical cost estimates, is presented. The total cost of ownership for DL trucks compared with that for manually driven (MD) trucks has been analyzed for four different truck types (16-, 24-, 40-, and 64-ton trucks), for three scenarios reflecting pessimistic, intermediate, and optimistic assumptions on economic impacts of driving automation based on current literature. The results indicate that DL trucks may enable substantial cost savings compared with the MD truck baseline. In the base (intermediate) scenario, costs per 1,000 ton-kilometer decrease by 45%, 37%, 33%, and 29% for 16-, 24-, 40-, and 60-ton trucks, respectively. The findings confirm the established view in the literature that freight transport is a highly attractive area for DL vehicles because of the potential economic benefits.
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Grinin, Valeriy, Evgeniy Shkarupelov, Aleksandr Muravev, Aleksandr Kartashov, Sergey Nazarenko, and Aleksandr Klimov. "Method for applying vehicle driving cycles to assess the durability of electromechanical transmissions of trucks." E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 10008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340210008.
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The article discusses the relevance of the problem of calculating the elements of electromechanical transmissions of trucks for strength and durability. The main methods used for the formation of load conditions on electromechanical transmissions of trucks are given. The driving cycles of trucks used to obtain loads when calculating the durability of the elements of electromechanical transmissions are given. The universal driving cycles of vehicles obtained on the basis of the collection of statistical data on the movement of trucks are considered. A simulation model of the movement of a truck used to determine the loads on the electromechanical transmission while overcoming driving cycles of trucks is presented. The durability of the gears of the electromechanical transmission of a truck is analyzed on the basis of load cyclograms obtained during simulation modeling of movement. Numerical results of the safety factors of one of the gear stages are obtained. Conclusions are drawn about the optimality of the use of existing driving cycles of trucks in strength calculations. Conclusions are worded about the need to synthesize driving cycles of trucks based on the collection of statistical data on the movement of truck vehicles on the territory of the region under consideration.
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Wicaksono, Ignatius Bryan Abimanyu, and Rakean Tajali Kahfi. "Analisis Dan Usulan Strategi Bauran Ritel Food Truck di Kota Bandung." Jurnal Akuntansi Maranatha 11, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jam.v11i1.1540.
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This study aims to determine the proposed strategic and retail mix for food trucks in the city of Bandung. The research method used in this study is explorative and descriptive research using interviews, surveys using questionnaires and observations. The sample in this study is a food truck that joins the Bandung Food Truck community, has a regular place, and still active in running a food truck retail business and 120 respondents who are consumers who visit and buy food truck products using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis is carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that the food truck target market ranged in age from 15 to 25 years, knew the sources of information about food trucks through social media, and important factors in buying food trucks were products and respondents did not agree with the location of food trucks that were easily visible. The strategy carried out to promote through attractive social media adjusts to the times such as discounts, special menus and attractive booths to have a good impact and where food trucks become known and crowded.
Keywords: Marketing Strategy, Retail Mix, Food Truck
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dougherty, geoff. "Chicago's Food Trucks: Wrapped in Red Tape." Gastronomica 12, no. 1 (2012): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2012.12.1.62.
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Nationwide, trucks brought in $630 million last year, an increase of 3.6 percent over the previous year. However, the rise of the food trucks hasn't come without trouble. A recent court ruling held that vendors in New York City aren't allowed to park in metered parking spaces. Truck operators in suburban Washington, D.C., are hamstrung by the hodgepodge of regulations that vary from one municipality to the next. A license to cook in one city is no protection from a citation in the next. Chicago wraps food trucks in more red tape than perhaps any other major city. Food-truck vendors are forbidden to cook on their trucks—or even do so much as slice a sandwich in half. In practicality, such restrictions limit the city's food-truck fleet to the small catering trucks known as “roach coaches” that typically serve construction sites and industrial parks.
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Kogler, Christoph, Alexander Stenitzer, and Peter Rauch. "Simulating Combined Self-Loading Truck and Semitrailer Truck Transport in the Wood Supply Chain." Forests 11, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 1245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121245.
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Forestry faces frequent and severe natural calamities causing high amounts of salvage wood. Especially under mountainous conditions, regional available self-loading truck capacity is often the main limiting factor causing transport capacity bottlenecks. Therefore, innovative logistics strategies are needed to ensure quick transport of high amounts of salvage wood. Consequently, a multi-echelon unimodal transport concept, where timber is synchronously transshipped at a truck terminal with four transshipment lots from self-loading trucks to semitrailers, was modeled by means of a discrete event simulation. The simulation model calculates key performance indicators such as transshipped volumes and costs and support estimations of optimal truck fleet configuration. The results provide cost-optimal truck fleet configurations in terms of the number of self-loading trucks, semitrailers and prime mover trucks for varying transshipment volumes, delivery time to terminal and legal truck payload scenarios. Applying the truck terminal concept considerably decreases the number of self-loading trucks needed to transport the same volume when compared to unimodal wood transport, which is most common under mountainous conditions in Europe. In the majority of delivery time to terminal and terminal transshipment volume scenarios, the number of self-loading trucks was reduced by more than 50%. Increasing the legal gross vehicle weight for timber transport from 44 t up to 50 t reduces the number of self-loading trucks needed by 20% to 38%, depending on the scenario setting. Additionally, less self-loading trucks arriving at the terminal also cuts queuing times and system efficiency increases as transport cost/t is reduced by 6% to 11% depending on the scenario setting. Expanding the truck terminal concept by adding storage capacity as well as varying the number of transshipping lots and also including costs for terminal construction and operations in the economic analyses are promising topics for future studies.
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Lemon, Robert D. "The Budding Aromas from Taco Trucks: Taste and Space in Austin, Texas." Transnational Marketing Journal 4, no. 2 (October 31, 2016): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/tmj.v4i2.393.
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This paper evaluates how taste preferences produce space in Austin, Texas. Austin is a booming city. Indeed, it has been the fastest growing metro area in the United States for the past 20 years. It is also renowned for its evolving and enthralling food truck scene. Food trucks of all sorts spring up throughout the city. Some of the more innovative foods stem from gourmet trucks. And these trucks often become symbolic capital that spur gentrification. Other trucks, such as the traditional taco truck, are ensconced in marginalized neighborhoods. They feed the working masses of Mexicans who flock to Austin to find work. Certainly, the gourmet truck vendors experiment with food flavors; however, taco truck entrepreneurs are innovative as well. The taco truck cooks modify their menus to accommodate Austin’s shifting demographics. To this end, I argue Austin’s landscape transformation can be examined through cooking practices. This paper takes a close look at how immigrant cooks negotiate social spaces through the foods they make. In so doing, I interviewed two traditional taco truck owners about how they decide what to cook based on the social spaces in which they park their trucks. Surprisingly, their subtle choices reflect the changing culture and budding taste preferences of the city’s residents.
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Dubinkin, Dmitry, Alexander Kulpin, and Dmitry Stenin. "Justification of the Number and Type of Tire Size for a Dump Truck with a Lifting Capacity from 90 to 130 Tons." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403015.
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The article substantiates the quantity and type of tire size for a dump truck with a carrying capacity from 90 to 130 tons. Types of tire sizes for dump trucks are given, as well as an analysis of applicable tires for dump trucks. An example of tire configuration for a dump truck is described, as well as the differences between projects and dump trucks with the traditional arrangement of large tires. The working productivity of large tires was cal- culated using the TKH “tons per kilometer per hour” technique. The general tasks that need to be addressed when designing a dump truck are highlighted. The conclusion is made on the relevance of the development of scientifically based approaches when designing dump trucks. The above data indicate that when surface mining, it is possible to solve the economic problem of reduc- ing the operating costs of transporting minerals by applying the proposed arrangement and number of large tires when designing new dump trucks, including robotic and unmanned ones.
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NAGATANI, TAKASHI. "CHAOS AND DYNAMICS OF CYCLIC TRUCKING OF SIZE TWO." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 12 (December 2005): 4065–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405014507.
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We study dynamical behavior of a few trucks which shuttle between an origin and a destination repeatedly. One loads goods on to trucks at the origin and the truck unloads at the destination. We present the dynamical model for cyclic trucking. The model is described in terms of only one nonlinear map defined from the vector Ti(n), i = 1,2,…,N for N trucks where Ti(n) is the arrival time of truck i at the origin on trip n. The study is limited to the case of two trucks. We clarify the time variations of time headway and tour time for the truck schedule. The distinct dynamical states (the regular, periodic, and chaotic motions) are found by varying delay time T min and loading parameter Γ. It is shown that dynamical transitions occur among the regular, periodic and chaotic motions. In periodic and chaotic motions, the tour time of trucks fluctuates highly and the carrying goods vary the tour time accordingly.
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Warren, L. A., I. B. Mandell, and K. G. Bateman. "An audit of transport conditions and arrival status of slaughter cattle shipped by road at an Ontario processor." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 90, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas09068.
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This is an observational study to investigate slaughter cattle transportation conditions in Canada. Data collected include: length of time in transit; temperature variation; season; weather transport conditions; cattle weight; sex and whether sexes were separated on mixed loads; number of lots and whether lots were separated; cattle unloading speed; cattle handling score; trucker training and experience hauling cattle; ventilation; and condition of cattle at arrival. Information was collected on approximately 50 000 animals transported by 1363 trucks. All but 0.2% of trucks arrived within the 52 h allowable transport time before unloading required for rest, feed, and water. Most trucks (85.7%) were from within 8 h of the plant. Trucks surveyed were at or above the recommended space allowance 49% of the time. There were five non-ambulatory (unable to walk off the truck with or without assistance) or dead, 79 lame, and four animals that needed assistance of the 49 959 animals observed (0.4, 4.8 and 0.2%, respectively, of the trucks surveyed). However, these concerns were not necessarily a result of transportation, as animal health at loading was unknown. There were very few visible animal welfare concerns associated with the transportation of slaughter cattle in the population sampled. Key words: Cattle, transport, welfare, beef
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Navin, Francis P. D. "Truck braking distance and speed estimates." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no. 4 (August 1, 1986): 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-065.
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The most frequently cited cause of truck accidents is “speed too fast for prevailing conditions.” To cite this cause, a speed estimate is necessary. This paper shows the factors that should be considered. The factors most useful in estimating a truck's braking capability include vehicle configuration, loading, location of the centre of mass, and axles with brakes. The exact value of some of the variables is difficult to obtain.The formulation proposed in this paper builds on a simple and effective procedure used by police agencies to estimate speed from skid marks. The formula given by R. Rivers' “Traffic accident investigator's handbook” is formalized and the elements in his correction factor N are derived. Basic equations for the braking of straight trucks and combinations are derived. The difficulty of implementing the equations in practice for all but the simplest situation is obvious from the complexity of the equations. A lumping of all the parameters into a simplified form is developed based on truck stopping distances obtained from published experimental data. All the trucks in the data had well-adjusted brakes. The final equation to estimate speed from a truck's skid marks accounts for the average ability of such vehicles to stop as well as the variance in stopping ability. Key words: truck braking, braking efficiency, stopping sight distance, skid marks.
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Xin, Tian, Jinliang Xu, Chao Gao, and Zhenhua Sun. "Research on the speed thresholds of trucks in a sharp turn based on dynamic rollover risk levels." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): e0256301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256301.
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Truck rollover is a problem that seriously endangers the safety of human life. Under special conditions, when the driver takes a sharp turn, the truck is most prone to rollover. Speed seriously affects the driving stability of the truck in a sharp turn, but the calculation of the safe speed is not accurate enough at present. The aim of this paper is to develop a more accurate safe speed calculation method to avoid the truck rollover in a sharp turn. Firstly, the calculation formula of the rollover threshold was derived based on a theoretical model, then, the simulation tests were carried out. We selected a 4-axle truck with a total weight of 30t as the subject, simulated the dynamic process of the truck rollover in a sharp turn with TruckSim, evaluated the dynamic rollover risk levels of the truck during this process, and verified the accuracy of the simulation results by results of the theoretical model. Finally, by analyzing the steering principle of the vehicle, the safe speed threshold and the limit speed threshold of the truck in a sharp turn were calculated according to the lateral acceleration corresponding to the rollover risk levels. The results show that no matter what the loading condition of the truck is, when the rollover margin is reduced to about 0.15g, the truck just reaches the risk level of critical rollover; the result provides an accurate algorithm for speed thresholds of the truck when turning radius is less than 250 m. The research provides a calculation method for safe speed of trucks from a dynamic perspective. The research results can be applied to the speed warning system of trucks, which can make drivers better control the rollover risk of trucks in the process of driving and improve driving safety.
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Freire, Melissa R., Cassandra Gauld, Angus McKerral, and Kristen Pammer. "Identifying Interactive Factors That May Increase Crash Risk between Young Drivers and Trucks: A Narrative Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 6506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126506.
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Sharing the road with trucks is associated with increased risk of serious injury and death for passenger vehicle drivers. However, the onus for minimising risk lies not just with truck drivers; other drivers must understand the unique performance limitations of trucks associated with stopping distances, blind spots, and turning manoeuverability, so they can suitably act and react around trucks. Given the paucity of research aimed at understanding the specific crash risk vulnerability of young drivers around trucks, the authors employ a narrative review methodology that brings together evidence from both truck and young driver road safety research domains, as well as data regarding known crash risks for each driving cohort, to gain a comprehensive understanding of what young drivers are likely to know about heavy vehicle performance limitations, where there may be gaps in their understanding, and how this could potentially increase crash risk. We then review literature regarding the human factors affecting young drivers to understand how perceptual immaturity and engagement in risky driving behaviours are likely to compound risk regarding both the frequency and severity of collision between trucks and young drivers. Finally, we review current targeted educational initiatives and suggest that simply raising awareness of truck limitations is insufficient. We propose that further research is needed to ensure initiatives aimed at increasing young driver awareness of trucks and truck safety are evidence-based, undergo rigorous evaluation, and are delivered in a way that aims to (i) increase young driver risk perception skills, and (ii) reduce risky driving behaviour around trucks.
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Alfiero, Simona, Agata Lo Giudice, and Alessandro Bonadonna. "Street food and innovation: the food truck phenomenon." British Food Journal 119, no. 11 (November 6, 2017): 2462–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2017-0179.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on food truck phenomenon, a particular kind of street food service, identifying two categories of performers: “Traditional Food Truck” (TFT) and “Gourmet Food Truck” (GFT). This paper evaluates and compares the efficiency performance of the main actors. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 41 food trucks in the Northwest of Italy was identified. A survey was carried out to determine the characteristics of the food truck and evaluate the efficiency performance of an output-oriented data envelopment analysis. Findings The two kinds of food trucks provide different levels of efficacy: the data showed that 22 per cent of the food trucks operate efficiently with an average efficiency score of 0.80. The results demonstrate that GFT are more efficient than TFT and confirm that innovation is an important key to competitive advantage in this sector. Research limitations/implications The data collected were related only to the food truckers that operate in the Turin area and the number of variables analysed is limited to certain aspects of production and selling processes. Practical implications The results provided some managerial indicators to improve the level of corporate efficiency, operating on technical decisions. Originality/value This is a pioneer study that analyses how a business based on the combination of tradition and innovation can offer a competitive advantage and strengthen a strong connection to its territory, improving corporate performance.
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Gao, Zhiming, Zhenhong Lin, and Oscar Franzese. "Energy Consumption and Cost Savings of Truck Electrification for Heavy-Duty Vehicle Applications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2628, no. 1 (January 2017): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2628-11.
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An evaluation was made of the application of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and GenSet plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) to Class-7 local delivery trucks and GenSet PHEV for Class-8 utility bucket trucks over widely real-world driving data performed by conventional heavy-duty trucks. GenSet refers to a PHEV range extension mode in which the PHEV engine is used only to generate electricity and charge the battery if the PHEV battery is out of electrical energy. A simulation tool based on vehicle tractive energy methodology and component efficiency for addressing component and system performance was developed to evaluate the energy consumption and performance of the trucks. As part of this analysis, various battery sizes combined with different charging powers on the e-trucks for local delivery, and utility bucket applications were investigated. The results show that the e-truck applications not only reduce energy consumption but also achieve significant energy cost savings. For delivery e-trucks, periodic stops at delivery sites provide sufficient time for battery charging, and for this reason, a high-power charger is not necessary. For utility bucket PHEV trucks, energy consumption per mile of bucket truck operation is typically higher because of longer idling times and extra high idling load associated with heavy utility work. The availability of en route charging is typically lacking at the worksites of bucket trucks; thus, the battery size of these trucks is somewhat larger than that of the delivery trucks studied.
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Zhou, Jianan, Laurence Rilett, and Elizabeth Jones. "Sensitivity Analysis of Speed Limit, Truck Lane Restrictions, and Data Aggregation Level on the HCM-6 Passenger Car Equivalent Estimation Methodology for Western U.S. Conditions." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 11 (June 16, 2019): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119851451.
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In the 2016 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM-6), the impact of trucks on freeway operations is measured by passenger car equivalents (PCEs). PCEs are estimated by the equal capacity methodology. The HCM-6 PCE values are based on the assumptions that passenger cars and trucks travel at the same free-flow speed, that they travel on freeways with three lanes per direction, and that they travel in traffic with no more than 25% trucks. On Interstate 80 in western Nebraska, it is observed that the interaction of high truck percentages and large speed differences between passenger cars and trucks may result in moving bottlenecks. It was hypothesized that the current HCM-6 PCEs may be not appropriate for these conditions. A companion paper showed this was true and that the major cause was speed differentials between trucks and passenger cars. In essence, when slow-moving trucks pass each other they create moving bottlenecks, which results in increased PCE values. This paper is an extension to a companion paper and examines a number of issues related to estimation of PCEs. The paper examines the effect of speed limit, truck passing restrictions, and data aggregation interval on PCEs. The results show that: (i) if a higher speed limit is implemented, trucks will affect the passenger cars more severely; (ii) if truck passing is restricted by lane restrictions, the negative impacts of trucks on passenger car operation may be mitigated; and (iii) using a longer data aggregation interval results in lower PCE values, all else being equal.
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Paduloh, Paduloh. "Designing Model for Truck Assignment Problem in Beef Delivery Using DBSCAN Algorithm." Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (March 21, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jesr.v1i2.26.
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In beef route delivery, many logistics companies have problems in making delivery plans correctly. Most logistics companies have a limited number of trucks, but there are shipping schedules, locations and volumes of demand is not fixed, in addition to returning products with various reasons that must be collected. Therefore the purpose of this study is to assign trucks to fulfill all beef delivery activities at a minimum cost. One reason for research on truck assignments in beef delivery is the high cost of shipping because it uses cold chains. This study uses the DBSCAN method to obtain density values based on customer distance to the central warehouse and the number of delivery requests, the data used in this study is the data of product delivery to customers for 6 months. Clustering research results using DBSCAN show the maximum values for epsilon 0.7 and Minpoints 2 are 3 clusters with 6 noises. with these results divided of trucks based on clusters is 2 trucks for the area of Banten, 7 trucks for the area of Jakarta, Bogor, and Bekasi, 2 trucks for Malang, and Surabaya. And 1 truck for the Bali area and noise or non-permanent delivery. Keywords: Truck assignment, DBSCAN, algorithm, beef delivery.
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Watson, Donald C., Matthew Crim, Kurtis R. Gurley, and Scott S. Washburn. "Probabilistic Modeling of Single and Concurrent Truckloads on Bridges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2609, no. 1 (January 2017): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2609-02.
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The maintenance of bridges and the evolution of an appropriate bridge rating system require the consideration of loads from heavy trucks. These loads can arise from a single overweight truck or multiple trucks simultaneously present, or concurrent, on a bridge. This paper presents a probabilistic modeling approach to assess the frequency and likelihood of observing various bridge loads caused by single and concurrent trucks. The approach used weigh-in-motion (WIM) data collected at or near bridges of interest to identify single and concurrent trucks and their Corresponding loads. The modeling approach was applied to bridges near three WIM stations in Florida. Results showed that in any given month, there was a 100% probability of observing at least one single or concurrent truckload that exceeded twice the minimum weight of a single overweight truck (i.e., exceeded 711,715 N or 160,000 lb). In addition, the probability of observing extreme truckloads was significantly higher when all trucks were considered, as opposed to only overweight trucks. The modeling approach can easily be adapted to the goals of the study and to any region where WIM data are available at or near the bridge(s) of interest. Results generated from the modeling approach provide probabilistic loading input for bridge maintenance planning and truck permitting policy.
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Srisomboon, Issaree, and Sanghwan Lee. "Efficient Position Change Algorithms for Prolonging Driving Range of a Truck Platoon." Applied Sciences 11, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 10516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112210516.
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Cooperative automated driving technology has emerged as a potential way to increase the efficiency of transportation systems and enhance traffic safety by allowing vehicles to exchange relevant information via wireless communication. Truck platooning utilizes this technology and achieves synchronized braking and acceleration, controlling two or more trucks simultaneously. This synchronized control makes driving with a very short inter-vehicle distance among trucks possible and reduces aerodynamic drag. This provides significant fuel consumption reduction, both in leading and trailing trucks, and achieves fuel-saving improvement. However, the static positioning sacrifices trucks in the front since they consume more fuel energy because of more air resistance than the rears. To solve this in-equivalent fuel consumption reduction benefit, this paper presents several heuristic algorithms to balance fuel consumption reduction and prolong the driving ranges by exploiting position changes among trucks in a platoon. Furthermore, the proposed algorithms try to reduce the number of position changes as much as possible to prevent any fuel waste caused by the unnecessary position change operations. In this manner, each truck in the platoon is likely to share a similar fuel consumption reduction with fewer position change counts, thus addressing the challenge of in-equivalent fuel savings distribution and obtaining optimal fuel efficiency. Our extensive simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can prolong the total distance by approximately 3% increased in two-truck platooning and even higher in six-trucks platooning of approximately 8%. Moreover, our proposed algorithms can decrease the position change count and ensure that trucks only switch to position arrangement once with no duplicate. Therefore, truck platooning obtains the maximum driving range with fewer position change counts, thus achieving efficient fuel saving.
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Herrman, Timothy J., Kyung-Min Lee, Ben L. Jones, and Don R. Haggart. "Variance structure of aflatoxin contaminated maize in commercial grain elevators and transporters." Journal of Regulatory Science 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2013): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21423/jrs.regsci.118.
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The application of risk analysis to manage chemical hazards in the grain industry by regulators presents significant challenges including development of sampling schemes and disposition plans in the presence of high levels of aflatoxin contamination. In this study, a firm comprised of seven grain elevators with 38 storage bins containing aflatoxin contaminated maize were studied to evaluate the risk management effectiveness of a sampling strategy negotiated in bankruptcy court. Samples from 551 incoming trucks and 301 outbound trucks of maize were analyzed for aflatoxin by Grain Inspection and Packers Stockyard Administration (GIPSA) Official Inspection Agencies (OIA). A comparison of the average aflatoxin measures for all incoming and outgoing trucks were 373 and 376 mg/kg, respectively. A comparison of 64 outbound trucks between the GIPSA OIA and the Office of the Texas State Chemist (OTSC) revealed that the aflatoxin measurements between the two agencies were significantly (p<0.01) related, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.80. The outbound trucks sampled by OTSC were subjected to a hierarchical analysis to derive grain elevator, grain bin, truck-to-truck and intra-truck variance components. The variance was partitioned as follows: grain elevator variance (1.9%), bin variance (65.8%), truck variance (9.1%) and the residual error (23%) representing intra-truck aflatoxin variability. This study documents that the negotiated sampling plan provided regulators the ability to detect and isolate grain unfit for commerce.
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Zidan, Zahran Arya, and Teguh Budiharjo. "Lead Levels in Truck Driver's Hair." Jaringan Laboratorium Medis 3, no. 1 (May 16, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jlm.v3i1.7919.
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Heavy metal lead can cause poisoning or accumulate in human body. Truck drivers spend more a lot of time on the road due to the slow movement of trucks due to carrying heavy loads causing exposure to lead on the highway. Lead enters through the breath and is excreted in the hair. Truck drivers spend more a lot of time on the road, especially trucks that have more than 4 wheels because the load they carry is heavy so it takes time to travel and can be exposed lead on the road. It also allows researchers to easily collect hair samples. longer the work, they get higher lead levels in the human body. After conducting a survey, many truck drivers opened their windows. This happens, maybe some of the Air Cooler (AC) trucks are not working because maybe some of the trucks are too old. This allows truck drivers to be exposed to lead from the air. In addition, PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is also important such as masks to reduce exposure to lead from the respiratory tract.
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Ramezani, Hani, Steven E. Shladover, Xiao-Yun Lu, and Osman D. Altan. "Micro-Simulation of Truck Platooning with Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Model Development and a Case Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 19 (August 29, 2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118793257.
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Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) systems have the potential to improve traffic flow and fuel efficiency, but these effects are challenging to estimate. This paper reports the development of a micro-simulation model to represent these impacts for heavy trucks using CACC when they share a freeway with manually driven passenger cars. The simulation incorporates automated truck-following models that have been derived from experimental data recorded on heavy trucks driven under CACC, adaptive cruise control (ACC), and conventional cruise control (CC). The simulation includes other behavioral models for lane changing, lane change cooperation and lane use restrictions for trucks to better capture real-world traffic dynamics. The paper explains the calibration of the simulation method for a 15-mile urban freeway corridor with heavy truck traffic and significant congestion. Simulation results for different market penetration rates show that truck CACC improved traffic operations for trucks in terms of vehicle miles traveled, average speed, and flow rate. In addition, truck CACC did not adversely affect passenger car operations and in some locations it even produced considerable improvements in the general traffic conditions.
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Wang, Jing, Nathan N. Huynh, and Edsel Pena. "Land side truck traffic modeling at container terminals by a stationary two-class queuing strategy with switching." Journal of International Logistics and Trade 20, no. 3 (November 9, 2022): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jilt-05-2022-0003.
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PurposeThis paper evaluates an alternative queuing concept for marine container terminals that utilize a truck appointment system (TAS). Instead of having all lanes providing service to trucks with appointments, this study considers the case where walk-in lanes are provided to serve those trucks with no appointments or trucks with appointments but arrived late due to traffic congestion.Design/methodology/approachTo enable the analysis of the proposed alternative queuing strategy, the queuing system is shown mathematically to be stationary. Due to the complexity of the model, a discrete event simulation (DES) model is used to obtain the average waiting number of trucks per lane for both types of service lanes: TAS-lanes and walk-in lanes.FindingsThe numerical experiment results indicated that the considered queuing strategy is most beneficial when the utilization of the TAS lanes is expected to be much higher than that of the walk-in lanes.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study is that it examines the scenario where trucks with appointments switch to the walk-in lanes upon arrival if the TAS-lane server is occupied and the walk-in lane server is not occupied. This queuing strategy/policy could reduce the average waiting time of trucks at marine container terminals. Approximation equations are provided to assist practitioners calculate the average truck queue length and the average truck queuing time for this type of queuing system.
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Vahdani, Behnam, and Shayan Shahramfard. "A truck scheduling problem at a cross-docking facility with mixed service mode dock doors." Engineering Computations 36, no. 6 (July 8, 2019): 1977–2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-08-2018-0355.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is truck scheduling and assignment of trucks to the doors simultaneously since these issues were considered mainly separately in the previous research. Also, the door service time and its impact on truck scheduling were not taken into account, so this research endeavors to cover this gap. Design/methodology/approach In this research, a novel model has been presented for simultaneous truck scheduling and assignment problem with time window constraints for the arrival and departure of trucks, mixed service mode dock doors and truck queuing. To resolve the developed model, two meta-heuristic algorithms, namely, genetic and imperialist competitive algorithms, are presented. Findings The computational results indicate that the proposed framework leads to increased total costs, although it has a more accurate planning; moreover, these indicate that the proposed algorithms have different performances based on the criteria considered for the comparison. Research limitations/implications There are some limitations in this research, which can be considered by other researchers to expand the current study, among them the specifications of uncertainty about arrival times of inbound and outbound trucks, number of merchandises which has been loaded on inbound trucks are the main factors. If so, by considering this situation, a realistic scheme about planning of cross docking system would be acquired. Moreover, the capacity of temporary storage has been considered unlimited, so relaxing this limitation can prepare a real and suitable situation for further study. Examining the capacity in the front of each type of doors of cross-dock and executive servers are the other aspects, which could be expanded in the future. Originality/value In this study, a mathematical programing model proposed for truck scheduling to minimize total costs including holding, truck tardiness and waiting time for queue of trucks caused by the interference of each carrier’s movement. At the operational levels, this research considered a multi-door cross-docking problem with mixed service mode dock doors and time window constraints for arrival and departure time of trucks. Moreover, M/G/C queue system was developed for truck arrival and servicing of carriers to trucks.
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MOORE, ROBERT S., STEPHEN LeMAY, MELISSA L. MOORE, PEARSON LIDELL, BRIAN KINARD, and DAVID McMILLEN. "An Investigation of Motorists' Perceptions of Trucks on the Highways." Transportation Journal 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20713588.
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Abstract The logistic activity most visible to the general population is the presence of trucks transporting goods across the nation's highways. Transportation also represents the largest portion of total logistics costs and a large percentage of the problems. At times, these problems arise in the form of accidents, even tragedies, as trucks collide with automobiles. Car-truck accidents, though expensive, are an unfortunate cost of doing business and motorists' behaviors are out of the control of the transportation manager. Recently, the federal government and private industry have attempted to educate motorists concerning dangerous spots around trucks. Programs such as the Share the Road campaign, though mildly successful at directing behaviors of motorists near trucks, do not address motorists' perceptions of trucks—which may determine how they behave around the larger vehicles. This article is one of the first that directly examines motorists' perceptions of trucks on the highway and the effect these perceptions have on support for stricter safety regulation of the trucking industry. Based on a national random sample of U.S. motorists, these results suggest that the general U.S. driving population's perception of trucks is predominately negative, and these perceptions are significant predictors of support for stricter truck speed regulation.
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MOORE, ROBERT S., STEPHEN LeMAY, MELISSA L. MOORE, PEARSON LIDELL, BRIAN KINARD, and DAVID McMILLEN. "An Investigation of Motorists' Perceptions of Trucks on the Highways." Transportation Journal 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/transportationj.44.1.0020.
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Abstract The logistic activity most visible to the general population is the presence of trucks transporting goods across the nation's highways. Transportation also represents the largest portion of total logistics costs and a large percentage of the problems. At times, these problems arise in the form of accidents, even tragedies, as trucks collide with automobiles. Car-truck accidents, though expensive, are an unfortunate cost of doing business and motorists' behaviors are out of the control of the transportation manager. Recently, the federal government and private industry have attempted to educate motorists concerning dangerous spots around trucks. Programs such as the Share the Road campaign, though mildly successful at directing behaviors of motorists near trucks, do not address motorists' perceptions of trucks—which may determine how they behave around the larger vehicles. This article is one of the first that directly examines motorists' perceptions of trucks on the highway and the effect these perceptions have on support for stricter safety regulation of the trucking industry. Based on a national random sample of U.S. motorists, these results suggest that the general U.S. driving population's perception of trucks is predominately negative, and these perceptions are significant predictors of support for stricter truck speed regulation.
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Sugara, Alpha Rabbi, Ahmad Taqwa, and Abdul Rakhman. "Implementasi Internet of Things Pada Alat Penimbangan Muatan Truk Berbasis RFID." Jurasik (Jurnal Riset Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) 4, no. 1 (July 17, 2019): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/jurasik.v4i1.127.
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In the world of transportation, weigh bridges have important funding for freight transport fleets, one of which is trucks. The higher the distribution of goods that occur, the more trucks that exceed the maximum load circulate on the highway.. Control of truck load control at weigh bridges is still not optimal because it is still recording cargo manually. As a result, traffic jams and illegal collections often occur around weigh stations. From the above problems, a tool that can automatically load RFID-based trucks using a load cell sensor is made, the process of paying truck loads that exceeds the maximum load using E-Money and the weighing data of trucks will be sent directly to government stakeholders using the Internet method of Things (IoT) in order to make it easier for officers at weigh stations to do work. This weighing device uses a Raspberry pi microcontroller as a sensor controller and RFID as a truck detector.
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Fukada, Saiji, Tatsuaki Mori, Hiroshi Iwabuki, Yasuyuki Sano, Yasunao Matsumoto, Noboru Kamiakito, and Akito Yabe. "Influence of truck platooning with various vehicular gaps on bridge vibration." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 6028–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0880.
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Truck platooning tests using automated driving technology have been conducted on expressways to address issues such as truck driver shortages, an aging workforce, and rising fuel costs. These tests involved three trucks traveling at a speed of 80 km/h, with the trailing two trucks unmanned and maintaining approximately 9 m between vehicles. When multiple trucks cross a bridge with a specific gap between them, the combined vibration of the vehicles and the bridge can cause significant bridge vibrations. In recent years, many bridges have been constructed as continuous structures to improve their seismic performance. Consequently, numerous vibration modes of multiple bridges exist in proximity. Hence, it is believed that many coupled vibrations between trucks and bridges are generated. However, it is possible to control the bridge vibration response by altering the gap between vehicles and their traveling speed. In this study, the effect of the gap between vehicles during actual truck platooning tests on changes in bridge vibrations is investigated.
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Mugarula, Naziru, and Renatus N. Mussa. "Evaluation of Truck Operating Characteristics on a Rural Interstate Freeway with Median Lane Truck Restriction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1856, no. 1 (January 2003): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1856-06.
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The increase in truck traffic on interstate freeways continues to raise concerns about the large trucks’ dimensions that cause sight distance problems and about trucks’ low capability to accelerate, decelerate, and maintain speed particularly on steep grades. To address safety and operational concerns caused by truck traffic, a multitude of restriction policies have been instituted around the United States. This study was aimed at determining the operational and safety impacts of the 24-h restriction of trucks from using the median lane of a six-lane freeway corridor, Interstate 75 in Florida. It should be noted that traffic flow on this corridor is relatively uncongested and the corridor operates at Level of Service B or better throughout the day. Analysis of field and simulation data indicated that the difference between truck and passenger car speeds and travel times were insignificant on the unrestricted middle and shoulder lanes. About two-thirds of both passenger cars and trucks were traveling within the 10-mph pace that ranged from 70 to 80 mph in the corridor, which has a speed limit posted at 70 mph. The field data also indicated that trucks were able to use the middle lane to pass 25% of the time during the truck peak-hour period with the assumption of a 10-s gap acceptance. In addition, simulation analysis indicated that opening all lanes to trucks increased the number of lane-changing maneuvers by 11% in the daytime, a phenomenon likely to increase crashes in the corridor.
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Ding, Shenglin, Min Yu, and Zhizhan Zhou. "PLC Modification of Lubrication System for Mining Dump Trucks." Journal of Engineering System 1, no. 1 (March 2023): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jes.202302111.
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The automatic lubrication system of the mining dump truck is provided with pressure by a hydraulic gear pump. The pressure sensor provides real-time working pressure feedback for the lubrication system, serving as a basis for the electromagnetic pressure relief valve control system. The lubrication condition of the articulated bearings in the mining dump truck has a significant impact on the truck's utilization rate. Proper lubrication is directly related to extending equipment lifespan and reducing equipment maintenance costs. By researching and analyzing the principles of the automatic lubrication control system for mining dump trucks, and considering the characteristics, types, and maintenance difficulties of lubrication system failures, we propose a PLC modification to the original control system. This modification aims to enhance system operational stability and reduce maintenance costs.
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Conradie, Ian P., W. Dale Greene, and Michael L. Clutter. "The Impact of a Mill Policy to Discourage Overweight Log Trucks." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 28, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/28.3.132.
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Abstract In Jan. 2002, Rayonier adopted a new truck weight policy at their Georgia mills to discourage gross overloading of trucks. Under this policy, logging contractors were paid a minimal amount per ton for weights exceeding 44 tons. To evaluate the effectiveness of this policy, we compared the weights of all trucks delivering wood to three company mills in Jan. 2001 (before the new policy) with the weights of all trucks delivering to the same three mills in Jan. 2002 (the first month the policy was used). This policy was very effective in a short amount of time. The percentage of trucks with gross vehicle weights exceeding 44 tons dropped from 5.56 to 3.01% after the new policy took effect and this improvement was seen within a week. We also observed other improvements in trucking performance. The percentage of loads within 5% of the legal limit increased from 45.8 to 57.4% through dramatic reductions in the percentage of underloaded trucks. In fact, after the new policy took effect, average gross vehicle weight and the average truck payload both increased due to this reduction in the percentage of underloaded trucks. South. J. Appl. For. 28(3):132–136.
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Stanić, Nikola, Miljan Gomilanović, Saša Stepanović, and Aleksandar Doderović. "Selection the optimal truck model for transport of by-products from the TPP Pljevlja to the Maljevac landfill." Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, no. 1 (2023): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mmeb2301049s.
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This work presents an analysis of selection the optimal truck model for transport of ash, gypsum and slag from the Thermal Power Plant Pljevlja to the Maljevac landfill. The capacity of trucks for transport of byproducts was calculated applying the Talpak program package for different types of trucks, taking into account different engagement times. The analysis was done for three types of trucks: Kamaz 53605-A5 (4x2), Mercedes-Benz Actros 4141 and Volvo FMX 520 10X4, for operation in one, two and three shifts. The results of analysis were used to select the optimal type of truck.
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Park, Jongmin, Sangil Choi, and Hyun Mo Jung. "Measurement and Analysis of Vibration Levels for Truck Transport Environment in Korea." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 6754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196754.
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The first step in the appropriate packaging design of food, agricultural and industrial products is to conduct an accurate simulation of the vehicle transport environment, in which a power spectral density (PSD) profile is applied. Although several researchers have mentioned the limitations of PSD-based simulation, it is still widely used because accelerated test conditions can be easily generated from the PSD acquired from a particular transport section. In this study, three representative trucks and transport test routes of domestic freight transport were selected to develop a simulation protocol for a truck transport environment in Korea. These studies are needed to compare domestic transport vibration levels with those presented by the International Standards (ASTM: West Conshohocken, USA, ISTA: Chicago, USA) and to simulate damage to packaged products by domestic transport environments. The composite PSD profile for the truck transport environment was established by dividing it into high-and low-level composite PSD profiles representing the top 30% and lower 70%, respectively, of the measured vibration events based on the root-mean-square acceleration (rms G) of the measured vibration events. Also, the effects of these variables on the truck vibration level were analyzed by extracting data corresponding to the truck’s pre-planned travel speed and road conditions in the vibration records measured on the test route. Moreover, kurtosis, skewness, and normal quantile-quantity (Q-Q) analyses were conducted to understand the statistical characteristics of Korea’s truck transport environment. Statistical analysis showed that the measured vibration events had a heavy-tailed distribution and skewed to the right, causing dissymmetry. The overall rms G of the developed high-level and low-level composite PSD profiles in the range from 1 to 250 Hz were 0.47 and 0.32 for leaf-spring trucks and 0.30 and 0.14 for air-ride trucks, respectively.
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Khazin, Mark L. "Directions of Career Transport Development." Недропользование 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2021.3.7.
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Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.
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Liu, Bin, Jie Chen, Nan Zhang, Jun Liu, Yuchao Zhang, Hongyin Bao, Lili Liu, and Kang Chen. "Optimized Scheduling of an Integrated Energy System with an Electric Truck Battery Swapping Station." Processes 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2023): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010084.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, the focus of integrated energy system scheduling research is the multi-objective’s optimized operational strategies that take into account the economic benefits, carbon emissions, and new energy consumption rates of such systems. The integration of electric trucks with battery charging and swapping capabilities, along with their corresponding battery swapping stations, into an integrated energy system can not only optimize system operation, but also reduce investment costs associated with building energy storage equipment. This study first constructs an operational model for the electric trucks, as well as an electric truck battery swapping station, of the flexible charging and discharging; then, an optimized scheduling model of an integrated energy system is proposed, including an electric truck battery swapping station and using stepped carbon trading. On the basis of meeting the charging and battery swapping needs of electric trucks and coordinating the system’s electrical, thermal and cooling energies, the goal of the optimized scheduling model is to reduce the system’s carbon emissions, improve its economics, and optimize its ability to absorb new energy. Finally, a simulation model of the integrated energy system including an electric truck battery swapping station is built on the MATLAB platform, and commercial software package CPLEX is used to solve the model. In the calculation example, compared to the integrated energy system of disorderly charging and battery swapping of electric trucks and electric truck battery swapping stations, the proposed optimized model of the integrated energy system with the flexible charging and discharging of electric trucks and electric truck battery swapping stations reduces the operating costs by CNY 819, reduces carbon emissions by 414 kg, improves the utilization rate of wind and solar power by 0.3%, and fully utilizes wind and photovoltaic power. Therefore, the rational dispatching of the electric trucks and their battery swapping stations with flexible charging and discharging mentioned in this article can effectively optimize system operations.
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Collier, Sonya, Chris Ruehl, Seungju Yoon, Kanok Boriboonsomsin, Thomas D. Durbin, George Scora, Kent Johnson, and Jorn Herner. "Impact of Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Activity on Fuel Consumption and Its Implication for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 3 (March 2019): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119834548.
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Activity data from 79 line-haul and vocational trucks were analyzed to estimate trip-averaged fuel consumption per distance driven and per work performed. The 79 trucks had engine model years ranging from 2008 to 2015 and average (±standard deviation) miles per gallon of 5.5 ± 1.7, which is comparable to other large fleet studies. Engine output work used to overcome various forms of resistance was minimized at vehicle speeds between 54 and 60 mph, which led to best fuel economy. The average gallons-per-brake horsepower-hour (gal/BHP-HR) was 0.058 ± 0.0085. When comparing the gal/BHP-HR per trip speed, higher average trip speeds led to improved fuel economy (lower gal/BHP-HR). In the case of out-of-state line-haul trucks, fuel economy was also dependent on model year. The newer model year out-of-state line-haul truck (2014) had a significant improvement in fuel economy compared with the older model year trucks (2012 and 2013). This could be the result of more stringent CO2 emission standards beginning for model year 2014 trucks under the Phase 1 Greenhouse Gas rule, but data on more vehicles would further corroborate this. The trip-averaged CO2 emissions were calculated for each truck and it was found that some truck groups displayed consistent trip-averaged emissions whereas others displayed high variability despite belonging to the same fleet. Several of the trucks engaged in significant idling, with a median contribution to their CO2 emissions of 4.2%.
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Dinanti, A. K., Y. Dhokhikah, R. E. Badriani, and S. Z. Ishak. "Evaluation of municipal solid waste transportation and cost analysis: case study in Banyuwangi Regency." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1263, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1263/1/012066.
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Abstract Population growth in Banyuwangi Regency reached 0.61% BPS Banyuwangi Regency, 2022) with waste generation reaching 1,963,033.98 m3/year. Only 13% of the waste that is transported to the Temporary Disposal Site, TDS (RPJMD, 2021) is generated in Banyuwangi Regency in 2022; its waste generation in 2022 is 5378,2 m3/day with existing transportation using 17 units of dump trucks and 5 units of arm-roll trucks. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the most effective and optimal waste transportation system and estimate vehicle operating costs. The research methods were field studies and interviews with staff, drivers, and waste workers. The main information needed is the distance between the TDS and landfill sites locations, the time between locations, and the operating time of the waste trucks. The results showed that the amount of waste transported daily was 211.89 m3/day with a proportion of 4%. Optimization is carried out by setting aside distances on eight dump truck routes using the nearest-neighbor method with the R algorithm. Based on optimization, the distance reduction achieved by sorting eight dump truck routes reaches 102.95 km. In Banyuwangi Regency, the average daily vehicle operating costs for waste transportation are IDR 625,600 for arm roll trucks and IDR 3,325,200 for dump trucks. The average vehicle operating cost per year for 5 arm-roll trucks and 17 dump trucks reaches IDR 4,277,304,940.
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Kim, Byung Soo, and Cheol Min Joo. "Scheduling Trucks in Multi-Door Cross Docking Systems: An Adaptive Genetic Algorithm with a Dispatching Rule." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 32, no. 03 (June 2015): 1550016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595915500165.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most important operational management problems of a cross docking system is the truck scheduling problem. Cross docking is a logistics management concept in which products delivered to a distribution center by inbound trucks are immediately sorted out, routed and loaded into outbound trucks for delivery to customers. The truck scheduling problem in a multi-door cross docking system considered in this paper comprises the assignment of trucks to dock doors and the determination of docking sequences for all inbound and outbound trucks in order to minimize the total operation time. A mathematical model for optimal solution is derived, and the genetic algorithms (GAs) and the adaptive genetic algorithms (AGAs) as solution approaches with different types of chromosomes are proposed. The performance of the meta-heuristic algorithms are evaluated using randomly generated several examples.