Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trucks'
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Srivastava, Rajesh. "Algorithms for solving the location - routing problem." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262289394.
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Hawk, Zachary. "Gourmet Food Trucks: An Ethnographic Examination of Orlando's Food Truck Scene." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5943.
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Gourmet food trucks have emerged as increasingly popular dining alternatives for consumers in today's urban landscape. Existing literature, as well as my own ethnographic research within Orlando, Florida's mobile food vending scene, reveals that food truck owner/operators utilize various strategies to establish a viable niche for themselves in this diversified and burgeoning market. Among other things, these strategies include online social networking, creating and maintaining a recognizable brand identity, collaborating with local retailers and bar owners, and incorporating organic and locally produced ingredients in their dishes whenever possible. As in other parts of the country, there appears to be a growing concern in greater Orlando about local diets and the profound and subtle messages it conveys about contemporary eating habits. I contend that dining at gourmet food trucks represents a legitimate declaration of consumer identity about individual beliefs and values. In my thesis, I examine how Orlando's gourmet food trucks offer consumers a greater selection of food options and allow locals to participate in a viable social network and community.M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology
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Li, Bohao. "3-D dynamic modeling and simulation of a multi-degree of freedom 3-axle rigid truck with trailing arm bogie suspension." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060731.135017/index.html.
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Tangirala, Shubha S. "Applicability of semi-tension fields to the back panel of a pick-up truck." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11032003-133823.
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Wikberg, Amanda, and Therese Andersson. "Seating in Autonomous Trucks : Design of Driver Seating for Autonomous Long Haulage Trucks." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75003.
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The biggest shift in the automotive industry lies ahead. Autonomous vehicles create both curiosity and skepticism among drivers and people around. Autonomous vehicles, more specifically trucks, will not be utterly self-driving overnight. The whole transformation will take place in different phases. When a vehicle does not need a driver behind the wheel, new needs will arise. This is where this project comes into play. On behalf of Scania, a new driver’s seat shall be developed for new needs from the drivers for autonomous trucks of type 4. The project was carried out at Scania’s design department for cabin interiors. The project aimed to develop new needs for the future autonomous level 4 trucks in order to develop a driver’s seat that meets these needs. The project began with a planning phase in which the goals and the time frame for the project were set up. The project was then implemented in four different phases inspired by CDIO (n.d.). The work began with a benchmarking on existing trucks and passenger cars, but also on the future visions of different competitors regarding autonomous vehicles. Much work was put into understanding theories and interpreting relevant information. The users were used early in the project in the form of interviews, observations, and a survey that reached 299 truck drivers. The work then continued with various forms of brainstorming both within the project group and together with engineers from the group at Scania. The final work contained a CAD model of both prototype, CAID models of the final design, and a prototype scale of 1:1. The final result of the project is a new driver’s seat with the possibility of pushing the seat almost three times further back than the current seat. It can now be done when the driver’s seat is part of the bed. During the user study and the brainstorming, new needs were taken from the perspective of the sun being able to adapt to three different positions; rest, drive, work. The new driver’s seat now gives the drivers this opportunity. The result of this project may be more effective in driving the driver, which benefits both Scania and the customers in the form of the drivers being able to drive longer than previously allowed.Det största skiften inom fordonsbranschen ligger framför oss. Autonoma fordon skapar både nyfikenhet och en skepsis bland förare och människor runt omkring. Autonoma fordon, mer specifikt lastbilar, kommer inte bli helt självkörande under en natt. Hela för- vandlingen kommer ske i olika faser. När ett fordon inte behöver en förare bakom ratten kommer nya behov uppkomma. Det är här det här projektet kommer in i bilden. På uppdrag av Scania, ska en ny förarstol utvecklas för nya behov från förarna för autonoma lastbilar av typen nivå 4. Projektet är ett examensarbete gjort av två studenter vid utbildningen civilingenjör inom teknisk design med inriktning produktutveckling, vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Projektet genomfördes på Scanias konstruktionsavdelning för hyttint- eriör. Målet för projektet var att ta fram nya behov för framtidens autonoma nivå 4 lastbilar för att sedan utveckla en förarstol som uppfyller dessa behov. Projektet började med en planeringsfas där målen och tidsramen för projektet sattes upp. Projektet genomfördes sedan i fyra olika faser inspirerade av CDIO (n.d.). Arbetet började med att en benchmarking gjordes på befintliga lastbilar och personbilar men även på olika konkurrenters framtidsvisioner gällande autonoma fordon. Mycket arbete lades på att förstå teorier och tolka relevant infor- mation. Användarna användes tidigt i projektet i form av intervjuer, observationer och en enkät som nådde ut till 299 lastbilsförare. Arbetet fortsatte sedan med olika former av brainstorming både inom projektgruppen och tillsammans med ingenjörer från gruppen på Scania. Slutgiltiga arbetet innehöll CAD-modeller av både prototyp, CAID-modeller av slutgiltig design samt en prototyp i skala 1:1. Det slutgiltiga resultatet av projektet är en ny förarstol med möjligheten att skjuta bak stolen nästan tre gånger längre än vad som tidigare var möjligt. Det kan nu göras då förarstolen är en del av sängen. Under användarstudien och brainstormingen togs nya behov fram i from av att solen ska ha möjlighet att anpassas till tre olika lägen; vila, köra, arbeta. Den nya förarstolen ger nu förarna den här möjligheten. Resultatet av det här projektet kan komma att effektivisera föraryrket, vilket gynnar både Scania och kunderna i form av att förarna kommer kunna köra längre än vad tidigare varit tillåtet.
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Wasiowych, Andrew Paul. "Design of an energy absorbing, underride resisting, truck-front bumper bar." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27605.
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An experimental investigation was conducted aimed at reducing fatalities and injury associated with head-on collisions between passenger vehicles and trucks, or other heavy vehicles. Such collisions create extensive and hazardous damage to the car and relatively little to the truck. This disparity is brought about in part by the difference in heights between the truck's and car's bumper, which permits the truck to override the front structure of the car leading to extreme occupant compartment intrusion, and in part by the much greater strength of the truck's structure.
This work focuses on the design, testing and development of a mechanism, mounted to the front of a truck, to prevent underride and to absorb a significant portion of the crash energy. It is important to note that not all the objectives were required to be met in any one test. Each experiment was an integral contribution to a final practical solution. Seven full-scale car-to-truck crash tests were performed using a prototype bumper bar system at impact speeds ranging from 56 to 100 km/h.
This bumper bar system consists of a rigid barrier supported in front of the truck by four telescopic struts incorporating ball joints at each end, making the assembly a ball jointed spatial mechanism. The use of a mechanism largely eliminates bending moments within the supporting struts, which if resisted, would require very large and heavy components.
Energy absorption is via the plastic deformation of thin wall seamless steel tubing undergoing the inversion mode of collapse. The properties of the steel tubes were determined from quasi-static conditions, low speed dynamic tests ranging up to 30 km/h and one high speed test at 80 km/h. No strain rate sensitivity was detected in these tests. The results were therefore used to estimate the energy absorbed by the truck bumper bar system in the crash test collisions.
From these initial car-to-truck collisions it was concluded that it is possible to significantly reduce the severity of head-on collisions between cars and trucks at very hazardous closing speeds with suitable energy absorbing, underride resisting truck bumper bars. Further work is needed to examine a wider range of collision modes and to develop means of reducing the bulk of the truck bumper bar components.
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Heffernan, Matthew Evan Bevly David M. "Simulation, estimation, and experimentation of vehicle longitudinal dynamics that effect fuel economy." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Theses/HEFFERNAN_MATTHEW_41.pdf.
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Chu, Hsing-Chung. "Implementing Truck-Only Toll Lanes at the State, Regional, and Corridor Levels: Development of a Planning Methodology." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19851.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Dr. Michael D. Meyer; Committee Member: Dr. Adjo Amekudzi; Committee Member: Dr. Chelsea C. White; Committee Member: Dr. Laurie Garrow.
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Storubleva, Ekaterina, Gregor Milosch, and Christian Neumann. "Volvo Trucks' Customer Value Proposition." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9535.
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Title: Volvo Trucks' Customer Value Proposition
Authors: Ekaterina Storubleva, Gregor Milosch, Christian Neumann
Tutor: Erik Hunter
Date: May 2009
Keywords:
Volvo Truck Corporation, truck industry, customer value, value drivers, retail strategy, communication, relationship marketing
Purpose:
The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the general composition of Volvo Trucks' customer value proposition in Europe and to examine possible ways of enhancing it using Volvo's retailing strategy as a tool.
Background:
The concept of customer value gains more and more importance in modern companies. Firms have to truly understand what their customers expect in order to provide the right products for them.Truck manufacturing is a very cyclical industry, which is why in times of crisis, when trade volumes go down, they need to excel even more in order to maintain good business relations with their customers. Volvo Trucks, one of the world's leading truck producers, has adopted a special retailing strategy, in which it owns strategically important dealerships, in order to improve customer understanding and consequently customer value. This paper discusses in how far they succeed at this.
Method:
The authors followed a triangular approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative part was covered by a communication chain study and a value driver study, both developed by the authors. In the qualitative part, each participant answered ten open questions, which were then used for internal consistency checks and contributed additional thoughts.
Conclusion:
The Volvo Truck Corporation (VTC), by adapting its retail strategy, realized the importance of establishing long-term customer relationships and generating adequate intelligence about customer needs. The company not only incorporated influential elements of relationship marketing but also strives for sustainable improvements in customer-perceived value. However, some conflicts between the stakeholder groups involved have been discovered. The corporation's core values were found to be in line with customer preferences.
In essence, it is crucial for Volvo Trucks to implement the ideas of relationship marketing, establish superior communication channels, and to promote a common understanding of customer value.
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Mellblom, Fredrik. "Start modelling for heavy trucks." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2618.
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Modern heavy trucks tend to get more and more equipment demanding electric power. As a result, the electric power left for startingbecome more and more limited. If a complete view of the entire starting system-battery, starter and the combustion engine - is used, the total system can be investigated and optimized. This thesis is a study of the starting system and its components. Theories for each component are presented and models are derived for a complete starting system. Focus lies on the battery and starter motor. The purpose of the modelling work is to gain knowledge of the starting system. Some results can also be obtained from the simulations - it is very important to keep the electrical resistance as low as possible and the differences between battery types are surprisingly big.
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Tavast, Johan. "Solar Control Glazing for Trucks." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-162804.
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This thesis concerns the use of solar control and electrochromic glazing in trucks. The purpose has been to study the decrease in solar energy transport into the cab and how to utilize the technology. The solar spectrum consists of both visible light and near-IR radiation, and solar control glazing transmits the majority of the visible light and reflects or absorbs most of the near-IR radiation. Electrochromic glazing has variable transmittance, which enables the driver to regulate the energy flow through the window. A decrease in energy transfer can reduce the use of air conditioning and give a lower peak temperature in the cab. This could generate a better fuel economy and a possibility to reduce the cost of the polymer material in the instrument panel. Five different types of glass were tested in several experiments to determine the reduction in heat transfer. The experiments evaluate the performance of the glass in an environment with simulated solar radiation and forced convection, caused by the speed of the truck. The tests showed that during a sunny day with an irradiance of 1000 W/m2 there is a possibility to lower the cab temperature by 5 °C and the inflow of energy by nearly 90 W/m2. A survey was carried out to get a subjective assessment of the use of solar control and electrochromic glazing, and other potential technical applications. The general consensus was that the decrease of solar radiation would create a better working environment for the drivers.
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Fjellström, Jonatan. "Gaze Interaction in Modern Trucks." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-114284.
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In this master thesis project carried out on Scania’s interaction design department in Södertälje an evaluation of the technology gaze interaction has been done. The aim was to see if the technology was suitable for implementation in a truck environment and what potential it had. The work started by doing a context analysis to get a deeper knowledge of the research done on within the area related to the subject. Following the context analysis a comprehensive need finding process was done. In this process, data from interviews, observations, ride along with truck drivers, benchmarking and more was analysed. The analysis of this was used to identify the user needs. Based on the user needs the concept development phase was conducted. The whole development phase was done in different stages and started off by an idea generation process. The work flow was made in small iterations with the idea to continuously improve the concepts. All concepts were evaluated in a concept scoring chart to see which of the concepts that best fulfilled the concept specifications. The concepts that best could highlight the techniques strengths and weaknesses were chosen and these are Head Up Display Interaction and Gaze Support System.. These concepts focused on the interaction part of the technique rather than a specific function. Test of the two concepts were conducted in a simulator to get data and see how they performed compared to today´s Scania trucks. The result overall was good and the test subjects were impressed with the systems. However there was no significance in most of the cases of driving except for some conditions where the concepts prove to be better than the systems used today. Gaze interaction is a technology that is suitable for a truck driving environment given that a few slight improvements are made. Implementation of the concepts have a good potential of reducing road accidents caused by human errors.
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Zetterberg, Wallin Georg. "System architectural interfaces forautonomous trucks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-153510.
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This thesis evaluates a proprietary interface developed by Scania that connects a third party developed autonomy solution to the electrical system of a Scania truck. The autonomy solution is developed for a mining application. While evaluating the interface the focus of the thesis narrows down to how to make the interface scalable and future proof. The content of this thesis is mainly based upon interviews and internal Scania documentation. In summary, the two main conclusions that could be drawn from this evaluation study are, that the interface needs to support a larger amount of requests from an external control to support that the interface is applicable in many areas. Secondly the idea of a modular electrical system must be carried on to autonomous applications as well and interface logic must be separated from core functionality of the electrical system.
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Egstam, Caroline, and Alexander Möllerstedt. "Sun glare solution for trucks." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168914.
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Examensarbetet är utfört i samarbete med Scania CV AB och är en del av masterutbildningen Teknisk Design på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, under 2014. Arbetet har fokus på de interiöra solskydden i Scanias lastbilar.Målet med examensarbetet var dels att kartlägga när, var och på vilket sätt solbländning är ett problem för lastbilschaufförer, dels att ta fram ett koncept som utgår från detta arbete.Scania är en välkänd lastbilstillverkare som profilerar sig med hög kvalitet. Fordonen anses tillhöra toppskiktet av lastbilar vad gäller tillförlitlighet och förarmiljö. De solskydd som är monterade i Scaniahytterna idag är traditionella, liknande de som återfinns i personbilar. Intervjuer och observationer av förare visade på stora svårigheter att nå passagerarskyddet från förarplatsen; många tvingas lätta från sin stol för att nå och detta påverkar trafiksäkerheten.Projektet gjorde initialt en kartläggning över var forskningen står i fråga om metoder för att mäta bländning och om detta kan appliceras på arbetet inom Scania. Slutsatsen är att man i stort inte skulle gynnas av att anamma denna typ av metoder. Uppmätningar av lastbilar och konkurrenters fordon gjordes för att förtydliga dagens läge med avseende på solskydd och samtidigt utveckla ett förslag till metod som skulle kunna användas långsiktigt.Utifrån insamlad kunskap utvecklades konceptinriktningar som testades mot förare i form av prototyper. Två koncept jämfördes i ett slutligt användartest i en lastbilshytt.Det slutgiltiga konceptet består av ett förarsolskydd samt ett passagerarsolskydd, precis som tidigare, men med den stora skillnaden att dessa kan sammankopplas. Föraren behöver inte utsätta sig och andra för risker, utan kan enkelt koppla ihop de två och fälla ner. Det finns ett på/av-läge i förarskyddet vilket gör att det är valfritt när de ska vara ihopkopplade eller inte. Passagerarskyddet styrs med förarskyddet och kan därför låsas i flera olika lägen för att skydda mot bländning. Inuti båda solskydden finns en förlängande del som kan dras ned med hjälp av ett handtag. Det är också ställbart i olika höjder.This Master of Science thesis work is written in Stockholm 2014 in collaboration with Scania CV AB and as a part of the Technical Design Master education at Royal Institute of Technology. The project focuses on interior sun visors in Scania trucks.The objective of the thesis work was divided into two parts; to map when, how and in what way sun glare becomes a problem to truck drivers and also develop a concept that solves those problems.Scania is a well-known manufacturer of trucks and has a profile that stands for high quality. The trucks produced by Scania are considered to be among the best regarding reliability and driver environment. Today, the sun visors that are mounted in Scania cabs are traditional and similar to the ones in cars. A result from interviews with, and observations of, drivers showed that there are difficulties when it comes to activating the passenger visor. To be able to reach the visor on the passenger’s side, many drivers are forced to stand up from the seat, something that jeopardises traffic safety.Initially, a mapping of research reports that have been made about sun glare measuring methods was made. The question was whether the work at Scania would benefit from these methods or not. The conclusion is that, in large context, this probably would not be the case. Measurements of trucks and competitor vehicles were made in order to clarify and map the different sun glare solutions that exist today. This was also a way to develop a suggestion for future measuring methods.From the knowledge gathered, several concepts of various kinds were developed. Selected concepts were prototyped and evaluated by drivers. Finally two concepts were mounted in an actual cab and compared by users. This led to the final concept choice.The final concept consists of a parted sun visor, as before, but with the difference that these parts can be coupled. The driver no longer needs to endanger him/herself and others when activating the sun visor, since they can easily be connected and folded down. There is an on/off mode at the driver’s visor that allows the driver to decide whether the visors should be attached or not. Inside both visors is an extended part that can be pulled down and placed in different positions to fully cover the driver vertically.
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Dahl, Oskar, and Fredrik Johansson. "Understanding usage of Volvo trucks." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40826.
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Trucks are designed, configured and marketed for various working environments. There lies a concern whether trucks are used as intended by the manufacturer, as usage may impact the longevity, efficiency and productivity of the trucks. In this thesis we propose a framework divided into two separate parts, that aims to extract costumers’ driving behaviours from Logged Vehicle Data (LVD) in order to a): evaluate whether they align with so-called Global Transport Application (GTA) parameters and b): evaluate the usage in terms of performance. Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is employed to cluster and classify various driving behaviors. Association rule mining was applied on the categorized clusters to validate that the usage follow GTA configuration. Furthermore, Correlation Coefficient (CC) was used to find linear relationships between usage and performance in terms of Fuel Consumption (FC). It is found that the vast majority of the trucks seemingly follow GTA parameters, thus used as marketed. Likewise, the fuel economy was found to be linearly dependent with drivers’ various performances. The LVD lacks detail, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) information, needed to capture the usage in such a way that more definitive conclusions can be drawn.This thesis was later conducted as a scientific paper and was submit- ted to the conference of ICIMP, 2020. The publication was accepted the 23th of September (2019), and will be presented in January, 2020.
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Morales, Benites Erika Ivette, Laguna Andrea Patricia Portal, Franco Aurelio Silvion Ramirez, and Salhuana Lizbeth Rivera. "¡Ñam! Buscador de food trucks." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624596.
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El proyecto ¡ÑAM! Buscador de Food Trucks se ha mostrado viable de acuerdo a la investigación que el equipo de trabajo realizó a través de un estudio de mercado centrado en consumidores de alimentos como comida rápida y de aquellos que la ofrecen bajo la modalidad de Food Truck.
El servicio de Food Trucks está en crecimiento e incluso algunas municipalidades han destinado zonas en las cuales varias categorías se reúnen y los comenzales pueden encontrar una especie de patio de comidas.
¡Ñam! Buscador de Food Trucks será un aplicativo que reunirá información de todos los Food Trucks disponbiles en la ciudad e indicará al usuario cuál es el más cercano a su ubicación y el tipo de comida que podrá encontrar, incluso si el Food Truck se ha movido de lugar.
¡Ñam! Buscador de Food Trucks requiere una inversión inicial de S/ 142 761, la cual se finaciará el 28 % con aporte de los cuatro socios iniciales y el saldo de 72 % será financiado mediante un instrumento de renta fija tal como un bono a largo plazo, el cual se pagará en cinco añosABSTRACT ¡ÑAM! Finding Food Trucks project has been shown achiviable according to the research that the team carried out through a market study focused on food consumers such as fast food and those who offer it under the Food Truck modality. The Food Trucks service is growing and even some municipalities have allocated areas in which several categories meet and users can find a kind of food court. ¡ÑAM! Finding Food Trucks will be an application that will gather information on all available Food Trucks in the city and will indicate to users which is the closest to their location and the type of food they can find, even if the Food Truck has moved. ¡ÑAM! Finding Food Trucks search engine requires an initial investment of S / 142 761, which will be financed 28% with the contribution of the four initial partners and the balance of 72% will be financed through a fixed income instrument such as a long-term bond, which will be paid in five years
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Dubuc, Donatien. "Observation and diagnosis for trucks." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT098/document.
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Pour répondre à la fois aux nouvelles normes législatives et aux exigences du client, la complexité des camions s’est vue fortement augmentée au cours de ces dernières décennies. En plus de réduire les émissions de polluants, ces nouvelles normes imposent la mise en place d’un système de diagnostic des systèmes anti-pollution. Cela implique donc un contrôle plus fin ainsi qu’une surveillance accrue de ces dits systèmes. Le client quant à lui désire augmenter sa productivité et donc la disponibilité des camions. Afin de remplir ces exigences, le développement d’observateurs (ou capteur logiciel) représente une solution attractive. Ils permettent en effet d’obtenir plus d’informations à partir d’un nombre de capteurs donné, sans coûts supplémentaires pour le constructeur. Au cours de cette thèse, plusieurs observateurs ont été développés pour différents sous-systèmes du camion, dont des observateurs non-linéaires, LPV (Linéaire à Paramètres Variants), et avec retard. Dans un premier temps, dans le cadre de la surveillance et de la maintenance préventive, des observateurs ont été conçus dans le but d’estimer différents coefficients caractéristiques de la dégradation d’équipements tels que : un tendeur de courroie, le refroidisseur d'air de suralimentation et le refroidisseur des gaz d'échappement recirculés (EGR). Un observateur de la pression du collecteur d’échappement a également été développé dans le but de diagnostiquer un défaut du capteur mesurant cette pression. Dans un second temps, l’estimation du débit d’air massique EGR a été utilisée pour tester différentes méthodes d'observation sur banc d’essai, cette variable étant importante dans le contrôle des émissions de polluants. Enfin, dans une optique de réduction de coût, une estimation des débits d’air massiques entrant dans le moteur et celui de l’EGR a été réalisée sur la base d’un capteur soumis à un retardTo meet both new legislative standards and customer requirements, the complexity of trucks has increased significantly in the recent decades. In addition to reducing pollutant emissions, these new standards require on board diagnosis solutions for anti-pollution systems. Therefore it implies a thiner control and increased monitoring of these systems. Besides, the customer wants to increase productivity and therefore the availability of the truck. In order to fulfil these requirements, the development of observers (or virtual sensors) is an attractive solution. Indeed, more information can be obtained from a given number of sensors, without additional cost for the manufacturer. During this thesis, several observers were developed for different truck subsystems, including non-linear, LPV (Variable Parameter Linear) or delay observers. As a first step, from a monitoring and preventive maintenance point of view, observers have been designed to estimate different equipment degradation ratio such as: a belt tensioner, a charge air cooler and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler. An observer of the exhaust manifold pressure has also been developed to diagnose a fault of the sensor measuring this pressure. In a second step, the EGR mass flow rate estimation was used to test different observation approaches on a test bench, this variable being important for the pollutant emissions control. Finally, in order to reduce cost, the observation of the inlet air and EGR mass flow rates has been studied with a sensor submitted to a delay
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Daley, James Joseph. "Development of a heavy duty vehicle chassis dynamometer test route." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1998. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=251.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1998.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 59 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).
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Palmqvist, Anton. "Exploratory data analysis of Volvo trucks repair history towards modelling a trucks lifetime maintenance needs." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, CAISR Centrum för tillämpade intelligenta system (IS-lab), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32244.
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For this master thesis project we have been working towards modelling the lifetime maintenance needs of a Volvo truck. Such a model could accurately estimate problems a truck may encounter at any given point in time. We were provided with records from workshop visits going back over a period of 10 years. In this thesis we have performed an exploratory data analysis involving both data mining and machine learning techniques in order to extract the most useful information from it. In order to separate different types of service events from each other two different clustering techniques have been used. Also, an operation distinction algorithm have been created to separate maintenance operations from repair operations on the trucks. In this thesis we have also pointed out issues in the data and given suggestions for continues work towards building a model of a trucks lifetime maintenance needs.
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Bacani, Eleanor Santiago. "Evidence from the Maine Light-Duty Vehicle Market: Are Eco-Marketing Campaigns Effective?" Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BacaniES2008.pdf.
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Sundkvist, Marie, and Louise Vigmo. "Services through the truck’s lifecycle : A case study of the utilization of Scania’s long-haulage trucks." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111970.
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Scania is one of the leading manufacturing companies of long-haulage trucks, buses as well as industrial and marine engines. Offering services is becoming increasingly important for Scania, as well as for any other truck OEM company, to stay competitive. Today Scania offers several services connected to the company’s products. The current service portfolio targeting the long-haulage truck is mainly focused on meeting the needs of the first owner of the vehicle. However, the truck goes through different phases during its lifecycle, operating under varying conditions in different businesses. With this in mind, the study aimed at answering the following research questions: RQ1 - What are the characteristics of the phases that a long-haulage truck faces during its lifecycle? RQ2 - How do these phases relate to the nature of the customers’ businesses with their associated challenges, demands and needs? RQ3 - Based on the results of RQ1 and RQ2, what service areas could a long-haulage truck OEM offer their customers? In order to answer RQ1 and RQ2, an internal mapping including interviews with experienced Scania employees, was conducted. This was followed by an external mapping, in which hypotheses generated from the internal mapping were tested through interviews with owners of used long-haulage trucks as well as distributors. Based on the internal and external mapping, development of service areas targeting the later owners of the long-haulage truck’s lifecycle was carried out, including brainstorming sessions and workshops. The result of the study showed that the long-haulage truck’s life is characterized by differences in utilization and not by distinctive owners groups, the phases in the truck’s lifecycle are consequently use phases. When describing the characteristics of the use phases, two parameters primarily define the life of the truck. Firstly, with the truck’s increasing age, the utilization of the truck goes from focusing on logistics to moving things from A to B. Secondly, with increased age, the emphasis on advanced technology shifts to basic technology in regards of the truck’s physical condition as well as the owner’s need and desire for technology. Advanced technology is related to a utilization focus on logistics while basic technology goes hand in hand with moving things from A to B. In addition, the further away in the lifecycle, the focus on delivery precision, need of the business having high use frequency of the used truck, the demand for technically advanced functions, need for vehicle reliability and tendency to turn to OEM for R&M decreases. Furthermore, the further away in the lifecycle and from the starting point Europe, the driver’s level of loyalty towards the business, incentive to use technical devices in driver environment and focus on the driver’s working situation is reduced. Based on above description of the long-haulage truck’s life, a truck OEM company such as Scania can offer services related to R&M, the transition that occurs when the truck is sold or bought, safety and security aspects and driver convenience. The order the services areas are given in is the order the areas are considered to have the most offering potential. Recommendations for future work involve development of the services, which currently are suggestions. To ensure further successful development, additional studies, including quantitative on-site examinations of for example users outside Europe, needs to be carried out.
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Kronberg, Craig. "Economics of Hybrid Long-Haul Trucks." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/210.
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A model of long-haul hybrid-electric trucks was developed and analyzed to identify the economic benefits of hybrids during the 2009 to 2030 timeframe. Variables that were studied included the trucks operating miles, vehicle life years, fuel efficiency, hybrid fuel efficiency, cost of hybrid truck technology and diesel fuel costs. The model was studied using a case study of long-haul tractors to determine the life cycle savings of hybrid trucks during the twenty-year time period. It was predicted that hybrid long-haul trucks will be an option for trucks that have a majority of their operating cost spent on fuel and the truck is capable of achieving an improved efficiency of five-percent or greater. It was concluded that hybrid trucks will become more economical than a conventional diesel truck and generate a savings for fleet owners by as early as the year 2014. Recommendation for further study is enclosed.
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Dahlberg, Carl. "Reducing Bodybuilder Waste on SCANIA Trucks." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-52455.
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In a world of fierce competition that is the reality for heavy truck manufacturers, it is important to optimize every step of production to the greatest extent. The Swedish truck manufacturer SCANIA early adopted such ideas and has put great efforts to implement a concept called lean production. As a part of the company’s strive for continuous improvement, all parts of the value adding chain shall be as efficient as possible. Previously this work has been focused inside the SCANIA organization but as demands on production volume and profit margin increases, focus turns outside the factory premises. A bodywork is fitted as a last step in the completion of many trucks. This is done by external companies called bodybuilders, outside the control of the factory. In this thesis, the bodybuilder induced waste is addressed from a global perspective. The report is entirely based on interviews with people inside SCANIA, SCANIA’s Swedish business unit, bodybuilders in both Sweden and Poland and a Swedish employer’s organization. Through these interviews, the difficulties surrounding the subject have been mapped from different perspectives. As a complement to the interviews, a program that calculates the annual waste related to shortened chassis frames has been developed. The main waste inducing problem areas found in this thesis is: - Poor communication between seller and bodybuilder before specifying and ordering the chassis. - Poor communication between factory and bodybuilder regarding existing chassis preparations. - A high degree of customer involvement in the bodybuilder process on the Swedish market. - High price sensitivity on the Polish market makes chassis specified without preparations more attractive. - Highly diverse customer demands on the Swedish market. - Insufficient ordering tools to meet the customer demands of individually customized vehicles. - Discrepancies between the global focus at factory and the local nature of the market on which the sellers exist. The costs related to shortened chassis frames alone is estimated to cost SCANIA 5 000 000 SEK annually in terms of reduced chassis frame waste and decreased costs for bound investments when chassis are standing at bodybuilders. In order to go from today’s annual production of 70 000 vehicles to the long-term goal of 150 000 vehicles/year, it will be crucial to reduce waste throughout the whole production chain. This will require better prepared vehicles from factory, better ordering software for the sellers and less rigid customer behaviour on certain markets. The increased communication between seller, bodybuilder and factory will be necessary and could be implemented through cooperation between selected bodybuilders and sellers in a preferred program.
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Eckstein, Jonathan. "Routing methods for twin-trailer trucks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37482.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Bibliography: leaf 76.
by Jonathan Eckstein.
M.S.
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Moberg, William. "Modular Multilevel Converters for Heavy Trucks." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167760.
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This thesis examines alternatives for power supply for a heavy truck application based on five different modular multilevel converter configurations that ultimately feed a 3-phase motor. Advantages and disadvantages of the different configurations are being discussed as well as other important factors that play a role in what configuration that is beneficial for the intended application. How half- or full-bridge submodules and battery cells relate to each other to achieve a desired voltage are being explained and calculated. Power losses of the converter submodules are being calculated as well as how a specific battery capacity, with increasing average power consumption, performs uphill according to set requirements. It turns out to be the double-armed modular multilevel converter configurations that has the best performance when it comes to utility, energy storage and the lowest power losses.
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Tsamos, Athanasios. "Alternative Drivetrain for Future Freight Trucks." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33395.
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Presently, heavy-duty trucks are responsible for approximately 25% of global CO2 emissions. Although the world seems to incline towards the transport sector's electrification, the electrification of long-range freight trucks is profoundly challenging. The dominant disincentives are the required infrastructure, cost/size of batteries, limited mileage, and long charging sessions. However, despite the efforts to reduce emissions, current trends indicate that these continue to rise, mostly because of the continually increasing freight transit. Regional economies are heavily dependent on the latter. Thus, the imminent depletion of fossil fuels and the emerging environmental issues are disquieting aspects for the sustainability of this crucial sector. This thesis focuses on the possible alternative powertrain/drivetrain solutions for heavy-duty, long-range freight trucks in conjunction with sustainable energy carriers for the transportation sector overall. In terms of viable fuelling alternatives, the following are being reviewed: Electric Power, Bio-Fuels, and Synthetic Fuels, along with their current status, advantages, disadvantages and future prospects. In terms of powertrain/drivetrain alternatives, the following are being theoretically and critically evaluated and compared against a direct drive conventional Diesel engine truck (25.2% wheel efficiency): Battery Electric, Electric powered with overhead cables or underground conductive coils, combined Gas Turbine/Stirling Engine Hybrid Electric in series, combined Diesel engine/Stirling engine Hybrid Electric in series, and Diesel engine Hybrid Electric in series. It is concluded that the best scenario for future freight trucks, is the use of an electric drivetrain/powertrain in conjunction with overhead powering cables along the highways. However, due to uncertainties in the universal realization of such infrastructure, to ensure uninterrupted transportation of goods, a plausible transitional solution could be the use of a Diesel engine/Stirling engine Hybrid Electric in series technology. This could reduce emissions/consumption by a factor of 2.4 (60% wheel efficiency). For the case of Gas turbine/Stirling engine and Diesel engine (both) Hybrid Electric in-series arrangements, this factor drops to 1.7 and 1.4 (42.9% and 34.3% wheel efficiency), respectively. Furthermore, this can be a clean and sustainable solution if biofuels are employed as the prime energy carriers. Such an approach is future-proof for use with overhead cables, since the suggested powertrain is electric, rendering a freight truck as a very versatile heavy-duty, long-range vehicle. Electro-fuels are not considered as a viable option due to their inefficient formulation, elevated costs, and problematic handling (Hydrogen).
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Wang, Cheng. "Aerodynamics drag reduction of commercial trucks." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5456.
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Bibliography: leaves 71-74This thesis deals with the airflow over a double trailer Gull Wing truck, with a view to reducing the drag of the truck. To investigate the flow over the truck, a 1:20 scale double trailer truck model was designed and constructed from chipboard for wind tunnel experiments. The overall size of the model is 1100 mm long, 130 mm wide and 215 mm high. A same scale numerical model was also built for computational simulations.
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Karlgren, Johansson Mikael, and Kevin Leong. "Auxiliary Heater for Natural Gas Trucks." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139687.
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As alternative fuels are becoming more common, technologies need to adjust to them. Natural gas is one of the alternative fuels that has grown during the latest years in the transport sector. Natural gas consists of around 97 % methane and is the cleanest fossil fuel. The use of natural gas can make it easier to transition to biogas as it has equivalent properties. Today Scania CV AB's trucks fuelled by natural gas are using auxiliary cabin heaters driven by diesel. This means that the natural gas trucks have two fuels on-board the truck. The goal of this project is to find a concept to eliminate the diesel fuel and replace it with an auxiliary cabin heater driven by another energy source. It will improve the heating solution and make it superior from an environmental perspective. The result of the project lead to a short-term solution with an auxiliary heater fuelled by natural gas. A long-term solution is to have a cooperation with a manufacturer to develop a better natural gas auxiliary heater that fulfils more of the requirements in the technical specification. An experiment plan is devised to test parameters out of reach of the project.
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Vap, Derek. "Safety evaluation of large truck-passenger vehicle interactions and synthesis of safety corridors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4917.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 4, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Traver, Michael L. "In-cylinder combustion-based virtual emissions sensing." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=459.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 144 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-84).
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Ahanotu, Dike N. "Heavy-duty vehicle weight and horsepower distributions : measurement of class-specific temporal and spatial variability." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23213.
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Salem, Mohamed I. "Rollover stability of partially filled heavy-duty elliptical tankers using trammel pendulums to simulate fluid sloshing." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1239.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xxv, 246 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-168).
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NORDHAMMER, CAROLINE, and JESSICA GRANKVIST. "Truck electrification : Trends and impacts on the energy system." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301319.
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In line with the Paris agreement, Sweden has set up a national emission reduction target for the transport sector; to reduce the emissions by 70% by 2030, relative to levels in 2010. This entails that large shares of road transport will be electrified, including shares of the national truck fleet. In parallel with this, the Swedish transmission grid suffers from power capacity shortages, limiting the amount of electricity that can be distributed to a regional and local level, especially in urban areas, such as Stockholm. In line with this, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the trends of truck electrification in the Stockholm region and to assess its potential impact on the electrical grid based on truck operation characteristics. To achieve this, three objectives were set; to investigate truck fleet operators’ operations and view in relation to electrification, examine truck manufacturers' views on truck electrification and to analyse the truck electrification’s potential impact on the electrical grid in future scenarios. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to fulfil the research objectives including interviews and casestudy modelling. The results from the interviews show that both manufacturers and truck fleet operators see the electrical grid and deployment of charging infrastructure, as well as the economy of the electric truck as the main barriers to overcome in relation to truck electrification. The truck manufacturers have taken on a leading role and are together with early adopters pushing the development forward. Nonetheless, they cannot create all the right conditions themselves, as for instance charging opportunities in relation to the electric grid is a complex problem. The industry agreed upon that city transports will be electrified first followed by regional transport and lastly long-distance transport. Furthermore, 2030 was identified as a key year for truck electrification. Finally, manufacturers and truck fleet operators urge the government to act and implement necessary measures to support the transition. The results from the case-study modelling show that lunchtime charging of city transport coincides with already critical hours for the electrical grid. Moreover, the afternoon charging of city, regional and long-distance transports generates a peak during the most critical hour around 6 PM, implying that it could entail challenges for an already congested grid. In line with this, proper night-time charging is considered as crucial both from an operational (in terms of minimising the daily stops) and grid point of view (in terms of avoiding grid congestion during critical hours). In addition, it is recommended to prioritise charging of long-distance transport during the day as they often are operative around-the-clock. Although this study resulted in general charging profiles, this gives a good indication on what impact the truck electrification might have on the electrical grid. Furthermore, it gives a general picture of how the electrification of trucks could play out in Stockholm, which can be applied in other urban areas in Sweden that are facing similar challenges.I linje med Parisavtalet har Sverige satt upp nationella utsläpps reduktionsmål för transportsektorn; att reducera utsläppen med 70% till 2030, relativt nivåerna 2010. Detta medför att stora delar av transportsektorn kommer att elektrifieras, inklusive stora delar av den nationella lastbilsflottan. Parallellt med detta lider det svenska transmissionsnätet av kapacitetsbrist vilket begränsar mängden elektricitet som kan överföras till en regional och lokal nivå, speciellt i urbana områden såsom Stockholm. I linje med detta har syftet med denna studie varit att undersöka trender inom lastbils-elektrifiering i Stockholmsregionen och att utvärdera dess potentiella inverkan på elnätet baserat på lastbilars operativa mönster. För att uppnå detta sattes tre mål upp; att undersöka lastbils-operatörers verksamhets mönster och deras syn på elektrifiering, att undersöka lastbilstillverkares syn på elektrifiering och att analysera lastbils-elektrifieringens potentiella inverkan på energisystemet i framtida scenarier. Kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder användes för att uppnå studiens mål inklusive; intervjuer och fallstudie modellering. Resultaten från intervjuerna visar att både lastbils-operatörer och tillverkare ser elnätet och utbredningen av laddinfrastruktur, såväl som totalekonomin av den elektriska lastbilen som de huvudsakliga barriärerna att överkomma vid en elektrifiering. Lastbilstillverkare har tagit en ledande roll och driver utvecklingen av elektriska lastbilar framåt med hjälp av så kallade early adopters. Däremot kan de inte skapa alla förutsättningar själva då till exempel laddnings möjligheter i relation till elnätet är en komplex fråga. Industrin är eniga om att city transporter kommer att elektrifieras först, följt av regionala och till sist fjärrtransporter. Vidare kunde 2030 identifieras som ett nyckelår för elektrifieringen. Slutligen uppmanar både tillverkare och lastbils operatörer regeringen att implementera nödvändiga åtgärder för att stötta och påskynda omställningen. Resultaten från modelleringen i fallstudien visar att lunch-laddning för city transporter sammanfaller med redan kritiska timmar för elnätet. Dessutom genererar eftermiddagsladdningen av city, regionala och fjärrtransporter, en effekttopp runt klockan 18 vilket skulle kunna medföra utmaningar för ett redan överbelastat elnät. I linje med detta anses natt-laddning vara avgörande både från en operativ synpunkt (i form av att minimera de dagliga stoppen) och från ett elnäts perspektiv (i form av att undvika överbelastning av nätet under redan kritiska timmar). Därtill, rekommenderas att fjärrtransporter prioriteras för dagtids-laddning då de ofta är operative dygnet runt. Trots att denna studie resulterade i generella ladd-profiler kan dessa ge en god indikation för vilken inverkan lastbils-elektrifieringen kan komma att ha på elnätet. Vidare, ger studien en generell bild över hur lastbils-elektrifieringen kan komma att se ut i Stockholmsregionen vilket kan tillämpas i andra urbana områden i Sverige som står inför liknande utmaningar.
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Li, Feiyue. "Modeling and solving variants of the vehicle routing problem : algorithms, test problems, and computational results /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2824.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computation Program. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Tyson, Alexandra. "Articulated truck crashes in South Australia 1978-1987." Adelaide : Thesis (M.P.H.) -- University of Adelaide, Department of Community Medicine, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmt994.pdf.
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Clawson, Amy L. "Establishing design vehicles for the hang-up problem." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2391.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 166 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-96).
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Dunn, Ashley Liston. "Jackknife stability of articulated tractor semitrailer vehicles with high-output brakes and jackknife detection on low coefficient surfaces." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1061328963.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxiv, 319 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisors: Dennis Guenther and Georgio Rizzoni, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (p. 314-319).
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Vaninetti, Travis. "Volvo Trucks: A Trucker's Pride : Increasing the Quality of Life for American Long-Haul Truckers." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-55861.
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Volvo Trucks: A Trucker's Pride The North American trucking industry is in decline. By 2014, the United States is projected to be short 110,000 drivers (Wikipedia). The hardest hit segment is the long-haul sector, due to the difficult lifestyle of the long-haul trucker. Drivers experience long periods of time away from home, mediocre pay, and “miserable” working conditions. In order to revive the struggling industry and refresh the lifeblood of our civilization, the long-haul trucker lifestyle must be made more appealing. This project is a study into how to make the North American Long-Haul trucker lifestyle appealing to future trucker generations through both interior and exterior design. In-depth research found that emotional needs of American long-haul truckers are not being met. Emotional needs are directly linked to the concept of “quality of life”. Therefore, increasing the trucker’s quality of life would help truckers meet their emotional needs and thus help revive the North American trucking industry. Through interviews and questionnaires, pride was determined to be the key emotional need of the American Trucker. These interviews revealed that the best method to appeal to this key emotional need was to rethink the exterior form. It was decided that a design sculpture should be used to illustrate the concept of emotionally appealing transportation. For the interior design, research showed that a trucker’s fundamental human needs were not being met aboard the truck. Expanding the living space on-board and providing truckers access to their basic human needs allow people to truly live life on the road. The Volvo Vision Long-Haul (VLH) helps future truckers take pride in themselves and their lifestyles. Pride comes from the aesthetics of assertive strength and the confident stance of the vehicle. A higher seating position gives drivers a commanding view of the road and the use of noble materials helps drivers feel they live in a quality environment. Onboard, the Volvo VLH maximizes interior space, providing enough room for a trucker to live life on the road. To meet basic human needs, the truck has a shower and toilet onboard, along with a kitchen complete with stove and sink. The lofted bedroom offers feelings of exclusivity and expands upward when the vehicle is parked. This unique expanding space is accessed via a spiral staircase, which stores neatly away when not in use. The Volvo VLH meets the emotional needs of the American long-haul trucker, making the lifestyle appealing to future generations.
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Tomar, Abhineet Singh. "Modern Electrical/Electronic Infrastructure for Commercial Trucks : Generic Input/Output nodes for sensors and actuators in Commercial Trucks." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220183.
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The presence of electrical and electronic circuits in commercial trucks has increased at a very fast rate during recent decades. With advancements in embedded systems and the introduction of electric controls in the automotive industry, the design of complex electric systems for the vehicles has become one of the major design challenges. In the commercial truck industry, the development cycles are almost a decade long. Therefore, it is a big challenge to introduce a new architecture to accommodate the modern automotive technologies in the upcoming generation of trucks. Currently, the commercial truck industry relies highly on a federated electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture. In this architecture, Electronic Control Units (ECU) are responsible for computation and Input/Output operations. These ECUs are clustered into different domains based on their respective functions. However, these domains are not isolated from each other. These modules communicate with each other using a vehicular network, which is typically a controller area network in the current trucks. In the automotive industry, automation is increasing at a fast pace. As the level of automation increases, the need for high computation also increases, which increases the overall costs. This study aims to address this problem by introducing an integrated E/E architecture where all the computational power is concentrated at one place (or perhaps two or three places to allow for redundancy). This study proposes to introduce a lowcost replacement for the current ECUs with more limited computational power but with generic input/output interfaces. This thesis provides the reader with some background of the current E/E architecture of commercial trucks and introduces the reader to ECUs. Additionally, the relevant network architectures and protocols are explained. A potential solution, based upon the centralized computation based E/E architecture and its implementation are discussed followed by a detailed analysis of the replacements for ECUs. The result of this analysis, if adopted, should result in a reduction of manufacturing and design costs, as well as make the production and maintenance process easier. Moreover, this should also have environmental benefits by reducing fuel consumption.Förekomsten av elektronik och elektriska kretsar I kommersiella lastbilar has ökat i en väldigt snabb takt under de senaste decennierna. Med framsteg inom inbyggda system och introduktionen av elektroniska styrsystem i fordonsindustrin så har komplexa elektroniska system blivit en av de största designutmaningarna. I den kommersiella lastbilsindustrin där utvecklingscyklerna är nästan ett decennium, är det en stor utmaning att introducera ny arkitektur som tillgodoser all den nya teknologin som införlivas i fordonet. För närvarande så förlitar sig den kommersiella lastbilsindustrin mycket på en federated elektrisk/elektronisk (E/E) arkitektur. I denna arkitektur är elektroniska styrenheter (ECU) ansvariga för beräkningar och I/O (Input/Output) operationer. Dessa ECU:er är samlade i olika domäner baserade på dess funktioner. Domänerna är dock inte isolerade från varandra. De här modulerna kommunicerar därför med varandra med hjälp av ett fordonsnätverk, typiskt en CAN (Controller Area Network) i nuvarande lastbilar. I fordonsindustrin ökar automatiseringen i en snabb fart. I takt med att automatiseringen ökar så ökar även behovet av snabba och energiintensiva beräkningar, vilket i sin tur ökar den totala kostnaden. Denna studie har som mål att adressera det här problemet genom att introducera en integrated E/E arkitektur där all beräkningskraft är koncentrerad till en plats (eller två eller tre platser för att tillåta överskott). Den här studien föreslår att introducera en ersättning av nuvarande ECU:er till en låg kostnad, med lägre beräkningskraft och generiska I/O gränssnitt. Studien föreslår också ersättningar av nuvarande fordonsnätverk. Den här uppsatsen förser läsaren med viss bakgrund till den nuvarande E/E arkitekturen för kommersiella lastbilar och introducerar läsaren till ECU:er. Dessutom förklaras de relevanta nätverksarkitekturerna och protokollen. En potentiell lösning som baseras på den integrated E/E arkitekturen och dess implementering diskuteras med fokus på en detaljerad analys av ersättningarna till ECU:er. Resultatet av den här analysen skulle, om den adopteras, medföra minskning av tillverknings- och designkostnader samt leda till en förenkling av produktion och underhåll. Utöver det så bör det även ha miljöfördelar genom minskad bränsleförbrukning.
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Lerede, Niclas. "Topography based fan control for heavy trucks." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17101.
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This thesis is a study of how cooling fan control can be improved by using road topography information. Two such controllers are presented, one that uses information available in vehicles produced today, and one that combines GPS-information with digital topographic maps to use information about the road ahead of the vehicle.
Simulations show that significant energy savings can be obtained, especially during warm conditions and hilly roads. Compared to conventional fan controllers, energy consumption can be cut by up to three quarters. Moreover, this is possible without any hardware redesign.
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Landin, Nils. "Semi-Active Axle Suspension for Heavy Trucks." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133576.
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Truck suspension technology has traditionally comprised more or less passive elements that possibly are adjusted slowly compared to the suspension dynamics. In attempts to overcome the inherent comfort-handling trade off, departures from fully passive designs have been made in the past. Fully active suspensions have successfully been implemented in private cars but have gained little ground in the truck industry because of their large energy consumption and high cost. Semi-active suspensions take a middle-ground with lower performance potential but also with considerably lower power requirements and cost of implementation. Effective controller design for a semi-active suspension includes consideration of the passivity constraints imposed on the control force. In this thesis an optimisation algorithm was written in MATLAB in a way that allows for embedded code-generation and was then used for designing a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) with switched passivity constraints. The resulting controller was tested on a 3D truck-trailer model and evaluated, together with other controllers as well as the passive system against both comfort and handling metrics. Non-convexity generally makes an MPC less useful for high sampling rates but with a switched linear approximation of the passivity constraints the resulting controller was shown to still be effective.
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Bylund, Erik, and Johan Kristensson. "Leverera Mera : En fallstudie på Volvo Trucks." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27409.
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Titel: Leverera mera – En fallstudie på Volvo Trucks Författare: Erik Bylund & Johan Kristensson Handledare: Ulf Aagerup Nivå: Kandidatuppsats, Internationell Marknadsföring (15hp), VT 2014. Nyckelord: Sponsring, Leveraging och Ambush Marketing Problemformuleringar: - Hur använder Volvo Trucks leveraging i samband med deras sponsorskap? - Hur motverkar Volvo Trucks Ambush Marketing i samband med deras sponsorskap? Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och beskriva hur ett aktivt sponsrande multinationellt företag på B2B-marknaden använder sig av leveraging i samband med deras sponsorskap för att öka nyttan av deras investering. Vi vill även undersöka undersöka och beskriva hur de motverkar Ambush Marketing i samband med deras sponsorskap för att skydda deras investering. Teoretisk referensram: Kapitlet inleds med grundläggande teorier kring sponsorskap för att sedan gå vidare till beskrivning av termerna leveraging och Ambush Marketing. Metod: Fallstudien har genomförts med en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod och en induktiv ansatts. Personliga intervjuer med högt uppsatt och kompetent personal inom Volvo Trucks legat till grund för insamlingen av våra data. Empiri: Empirin presenterar de kvalitativa intervjuer som gjorts med respondenter inom Volvo Trucks. Analys: Analysen jämför den insamlade empirin gentemot den teoretiska referensramen. Slutsats: Volvo Trucks använder sig av en omfattande leveragingstrategi där de genom sin 360-approach försöker vara närvarande på samtliga plan och kanaler. Det finns ett klart fokus på aktiverande leveraging med avsikt att bygga och stärka kundrelationer. Deras övergripande, långsiktiga sponsringsstrategi att äga event och vara titelsponsor ger dem stort inflytande och gör att de kan vara dominanta i sin exponering. Även om Volvo Trucks själva hävdar att deras primära strategi mot Ambush Marketing är att skriva noggranna kontrakt menar vi att deras övergripande strategier (omfattande leveraging och långvariga titelsponsorskap) också utgör ett viktigt skydd.Title: Leverera mera – En fallstudie på Volvo Trucks Authors: Erik Bylund & Johan Kristensson Advisor: Ulf Aagerup Level: Bachelor thesis, International Marketing (15 ECTS), Spring 2014 Keywords: Sponsoring, Leveraging, Ambush Marketing Problem: - How do Volvo Trucks make use of leveraging in conjunction with their sponsorships? - How do Volvo Trucks counteract Ambush Marketing in conjunction with their sponsorships? Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe how an active multinational sponsor in the B2B market make use of leveraging in conjunction with their sponsorship to increase the benefits of their investment. We also want to investigate and describe how they combat Ambush Marketing in conjunction with their sponsorship to protect their investment. Method: The study has a qualitative research method with an inductively approach. Interviews with senior and knowledgeable employees within Volvo Trucks have been conducted to provide answers to the problem. Frame of reference: The chapter begins with basic theories about sponsorship and then proceed to the description of the terms and leveraging Ambush Marketing. Empiric: The empirical data presents the qualitative interviews conducted with respondents at Volvo Trucks. Analysis: The analysis compares the collected empirical data in relation to the theories studied in sponsorship, leveraging and ambush marketing. Conclusion: Volvo Trucks uses a comprehensive leveraging strategy which through their 360 approach tries to be present at all levels and channels. There is a clear focus on activational leveraging with the intent to build and strengthen customer relationships. Their overall long-term sponsorship strategy to own events and titles sponsorship gives them great influence and enables them to be dominant in their exposure. Although Volvo Trucks themselves claim that their primary strategy against Ambush Marketing is to write detailed contracts, we propose that their overall strategies (including leveraging and longstanding title sponsorship) also provides an important protection.
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Bindingnolle, Narasimha Srivatsa. "Predictive modeling of fuel efficiency of trucks." Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10092244.
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This research studied the behavior of several controllable variables that affect the fuel efficiency of trucks. Re-routing is the process of modifying the parameters of the routes for a set of trips to optimize fuel consumption and also to increase customer satisfaction through efficient deliveries. This is an important process undertaken by a food distribution company to modify the trips to adapt to the immediate necessities. A predictive model was developed to calculate the change in Miles per Gallon (MPG) whenever a re-route is performed on a region of a particular distribution area. The data that was used, was from the Dallas center which is one of the distribution centers owned by the company. A consistent model that could provide relatively accurate predictions across five distribution centers had to be developed. It was found that the model built using the data from the Corporate center was the most consistent one. The timeline of the data used to build the model was from May 2013 through December 2013. The predictive model provided predictions of which about 88% of the data that was used, was within the 0-10% error group. This was an improvement on the lesser 43% obtained for the linear regression and K-means clustering models. The model was also validated on the data for January 2014 through the first two weeks of March 2014 and it provided predictions of which about 81% of the data was within the 0-10 % error group. The average overall error was around 10%, which was the least for the approaches explored in this research. Weight, stop count and stop time were identified as the most significant factors which influence the fuel efficiency of the trucks. Further, neural network architecture was built to improve the predictions of the MPG. The model can be used to predict the average change in MPG for a set of trips whenever a re-route is performed. Since the aim of re-routing is to reduce the miles and trips; extra load will be added to the remaining trips. Although, the MPG would decrease because of this extra load, it would be offset by the savings due to the drop in miles and trips. The net savings in the fuel can now be translated into the amount of money saved.
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Shanwell, Truls, and Håkan Svensson. "Remote Diagnostics of Heavy Trucks through Telematics." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-141122.
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Fordonsdiagnostik blir mer och mer sofistikerad i takt med att antaletoch komplexiteten hos inbyggda fordonsdatorer växer. Datorstödd diagnos med hjälp av en PC som kör en diagnosapplikation är en nyckelfaktor inom reparation och underhåll. Allt eftersom att utvecklingen inom web-baserade tjänster har vuxit under senare år har även fordonstillverkare börjat undersöka vilka web-baserade tjänster som kan byggas in i deras fordon. Ett intresseområde är fjärrdiagnostik, dvs diagnos-kommunikation över internet. Scania har nyligen lanserat en web-baserad tjänst för fordonsdiagnos, där användaren kan beställa en utläsning av felkoder på ett fordon av nyare modell, och sedan få resultatet presenterat i en webläsare. Dock så erbjuder den nuvarande tjänsten endast begränsad funktionalitet jämfört med vad som är möjligt med diagnosapplikationen som används då ett fordon tas in till en verkstad. Den här rapporten presenterar en arkitektur som gör det möjligt att utföra samma typer av operationer över trådlöst WAN som idag endast görs med diagnosverktyget anslutet till fordonet via usb-kabel eller lokal wifi. En stor del av detta arbete har inneburit att utveckla en plattform som prototyp för att demonstrera systemet.Vehicle diagnostics is getting more and more sophisticated as the number and complexity of on-board computers grow. The use of computer aided diagnostics has become an integral part of repair and maintenance, but it is still almost exclusively used with the PC physically connected to the vehicle or at least very close by a few meters. Web based services in ”in-vehicle-infotainment” 1 (IVI) has grown rapidlyover the last couple of years and as vehicle diagnostics belongs to IVI, it is natural for it to strive towards the web. This thesis has been carried out with the aim to investigate and demonstrate the possibility of remote diagnostics, meaning vehicle diagnostics over the internet. It has been done with the perspective of real-time user interaction 2. The report describes the diagnostic system as it is today, proposes changes needed for the adaptation towards the internet, discusses performance over mobile networks and guides the reader through the development of a remote diagnostics application run over 3G. This thesis shows that it is possible to run a diagnostic application over the internet without sacrificing functionality and still retaining a good user experience. The difficulties of remote diagnostics has shown not to lie in performance, but in safety, security and managing a large fleet, which belongs to future work to solve. 1 Solutions and applications for automobiles ranging from entertainment to navigation and maintenance, as defined by Accenture [1]. 2 In this sense real-time addresses the users feeling of instant response.
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Andersson, Jacob, and Fredrik Danielsson. "A Study of Air Suspended AWD Trucks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264354.
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Currently, Scania is not offering full air suspended AWD trucks, which it seems to be a demand for. This study acts as a first step to fulfill this demand. Including, a benchmarking of what competitors offer as well as an investigation and an evaluation of Scania’s current suspension system. Moreover, a requirement specification and a concept generation for a front air suspension system on AWD trucks have been presented. Eight concept were generated, where two were chosen for further study of design, force analysis and roll gradient analysis. It was concluded that there is a market for this configuration, however, implementing it would require extensive design work.I nuläget erbjuder inte Scania luftfjädring för samtliga hjulaxlar på AWD lastbilar, vilket det tycks finnas ett kundbehov av. Denna studie agerar som ett initialt steg till att uppfylla detta kundbehov. Studien inkluderar inledningsvis en analys av vad konkurrenter erbjuder samt en undersökning och utvärdering av Scanias nuvarande fjädringssystem. Utöver det, har en kravspecifikation och en konceptgenerering för främre luftfjädring på AWD lastbilar presenterats. Åtta stycken koncept genererades, varav två stycken valdes för vidare studie av design, kraftanalys samt krängstyvhetsanalys. Slutsatserna var att det finns en marknad för denna typ av konfiguration, dock skulle det behövas omfattande designarbete för att implementera det.
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Kienhöfer, Frank Werner. "Heavy vehicle wheel slip control." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609594.
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Tanugula, Rohit. "Effects of baffles on damping lateral fluid sloshing oscillations in tanker trucks." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2112.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 97 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-92).
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Steinmeyer, James. "Powered industrial truck training." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002steinmeyerj.pdf.
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Jenkins, Jacqueline Marie. "Modeling the interaction between passenger cars and trucks." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1296.
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The topic of this dissertation was the use of distributed computing to improve the modeling of the interaction between passenger cars and trucks. The two main focus areas were the development of a methodology to combine microscopic traffic simulation programs with driving simulator programs, and the application of a prototype distributed traffic simulation to study the impact of the length of an impeding vehicle on passing behavior.
The methodology was motivated by the need to provide an easier way to create calibrated traffic flows in driving simulations and to capture vehicle behavior within microscopic traffic simulations. The original design for the prototype was to establish a two-way, real time exchange of vehicle data, however problems were encountered that imposed limitations on its development and use.
The passing study was motivated by the possible changes in federal truck size and weight regulations and the current inconsistency between the passing sight distance criteria for the design of two lane highways and the marking of no-passing zones. Test drivers made passing maneuvers around impeding vehicles that differed in length and speed. The main effects of the impeding vehicle length were found to be significant for the time and distance in the left lane, and the start and end gap distances.
Passing equations were formulated based on the mechanics of the passing maneuver and included behavior variables for calibration. Through a sensitivity analysis, it was shown that increases in vehicle speeds, vehicle length, and gap distance increased the distance traveled in the left lane, while increases in the speed difference and speed gain decreased the distance traveled in the left lane. The passing equations were calibrated using the current AASHTO values and used to predict the impact of increased vehicle lengths on the time and distance in the left lane. The passing equations are valuable for evaluating passing sight distance criteria and observed passing behavior.
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Esfahanian, Ehsan. "Hybrid electric haulage trucks for open pit mining." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48493.
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Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) improve fuel economy by taking advantage of the peak efficiency operating envelope of the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), together with an energy storage system to supply drive power when the ICE has lower efficiency. They also attempt to minimize engine idling. To achieve this improvement, a hybrid design requires an ICE, a generator/motor, motor controllers, and an electric energy storage system (battery or ultra-capacitor) which are connected together in various ways such as Series, Parallel, and Series-Parallel configurations.
Multiple strategies have been developed to manage energy use by hybrid electric vehicles in which decisions are made based on input variables such as battery state of charge, driver torque demand, vehicle speed, and transmission gear. For example, as the state of charge of the battery decreases, it becomes more costly to use electricity, and so, the control system tends to transition the power source from battery to fuel.
Although diesel-electric mine haulage trucks are in use today, energy storage is not a feature of these systems. Such trucks are typically arranged in a Series configuration in which the engine is completely decoupled from the wheels and used to provide electric energy through a generator to power electric motors on each wheel. The lack of a battery pack is a lost opportunity to improve fuel economy through regenerative braking and/or engine-off operation. This thesis discusses the fuel economy question with respect to road topography and distance data, conditions that can be predicted for mine haulage with relative ease. Access to such data in real-time can be put to advantage to maximize fuel economy on a given cycle. This thesis finds the HEV system can provide fuel savings due to 1) elevation change and 2) engine Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) optimization on the order of 22 per cent on a typical open pit mine, which for a haul truck can provide substantial cash flow returns in addition to paying off for the extra capital cost of the hybrid electric system.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate