Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Truck'
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Srivastava, Rajesh. "Algorithms for solving the location - routing problem." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262289394.
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Arias, Paredes Carmen Rosa María, Flores Yadira Casafranca, Gonzales Angela María Farfán, Tello Liz Maritza Palacin, and Flores Renzo Dennis Rodríguez. "Alma Truck." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654864.
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Este proyecto, nace con la finalidad de cubrir la demanda insatisfecha que hoy en día existe en el mercado de salones de belleza por la búsqueda de una atención personalizada y sin demoras; siendo el tiempo uno de los recursos más valorados para la elección de este servicio.
En el presente trabajo, hemos desarrollado un plan de negocios que presenta un concepto innovador de Salón de Belleza Móvil “Alma Truck”, siendo el objetivo dar a conocer el desarrollo del plan, análisis del mismo y evaluar su rentabilidad.
Alma Truck aprovechará el incremento en el uso de las tecnologías, siendo una de las herramientas claves para darse a conocer y promocionar, asimismo el manejo de reservas, seguimiento y fidelización, lo que conllevará al ahorro de tiempo y alcanzar confianza y seguridad en nuestros futuros clientes.
Será una propuesta nueva, cómoda, agradable y a su vez rentable, presentaremos los márgenes e indicadores que demuestren su sostenibilidad y la gran posibilidad de éxito de la inversión.This project was born with the purpose of covering the unsatisfied demand that exists today in the beauty salon market for the search for personalized attention and without delay; being time one of the most valued resources for choosing this service. In this work, we have developed a business plan that presents an innovative concept of Mobile Beauty Salon "Alma Truck", the objective being to publicize the development of the plan, its analysis and evaluate its profitability. Alma Truck will take advantage of the increase in the use of technologies, being one of the key tools to become known and promote, as well as the management of reservations, follow-up and loyalty, which will lead to saving time and achieving confidence and security in our futures customers. It will be a new, comfortable, pleasant and profitable proposal, we will present the margins and indicators that demonstrate its sustainability and the great possibility of investment success.
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Gutierrez, Casaverde Ana Isabel, Chávez Luis Enrique Ramírez, Vilogrón Shirley Kay Shibata, Gamarra Jhossellin Guiliana Valenzuela, and Raya José Andrés Vásquez. "Barber Truck." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653206.
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El objetivo del proyecto es implementar un Barber truck, a través del cual se satisfaga de manera distinta el creciente mercado de la belleza y cosmética masculina. Si bien, el rubro de la barbería es competitivo, los competidores prestan servicios que no difieren mucho entre sí. Por ello, el proyecto busca implementar una barbería rodante de nivel superior, donde la principal tarea será trabajar al detalle con cada cliente. El servicio de barbería móvil “Barber Truck Lima” está enfocado al público masculino entre los 18 y 39 años de los distritos de Independencia, Los Olivos y San Martín de Porres, en los sectores socioeconómicos A, B y C. Teniendo en cuenta la necesidad encontrada, el servicio de una barbería móvil pretende ser una ayuda para aquellos caballeros que cuidan su imagen personal y desean organizar mejor su tiempo en relación con el servicio de corte de cabello y barbería. Por ello, nos enfocamos en brindar un servicio ajustado a las necesidades del hombre moderno sin perder de vista los cuidados y atenciones que pueden encontrarse en las barberías tradicionales.The objective of the project is to implement a Barber truck, in which it is hoped to satisfy in a different way the growing market for men's beauty and cosmetics. Although this market is growing in general, the competitors can be standardized in their presentation and services and do not differ much from each other. The project seeks the implementation of a higher level rolling barbershop, where the main task will be to work on every detail. The mobile barber service "Barber Truck Lima" is focused on the male public between 18 and 39 years old who live or frequent the districts of Independencia, Los Olivos and San Martín de Porres in socioeconomic sectors A, B and C. Taking into account the need to find the service of a mobile barber shop seeks to be an aid to those gentlemen who are constantly taking care of their personal image and who want to better organize their time in relation to the haircutting and barber service they access. Provide a service that meets the needs of modern man without losing sight of all the care and attention that can be found in traditional barbershops.
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Kamali, Mohammadreza. "Development of Truck Route Choice Data Using Truck GPS." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5968.
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Over the past few decades, the value and weight of freight shipments have grown steadily in both developed and developing countries. A recent statistic in the U.S. reveals that weight of shipments increased from 18,879 to 19,662 million tons between 2007 and 2012 (1). It is also expected that this amount will increase to 28,520 million tons by 2040 (1). It is worth mentioning that 67 percent of shipments are shipped by truck mode in 2012. The monetary value of freight is expected to escalate even faster than weight. This value is estimated to rise from US$ 882 per ton in 2007 to US$ 1,377 per ton in 2040. As a result, freight transportation management and modeling has aroused the interest of both public sector and groups of firms to improve the efficiency of the business operations. Traffic assignment plays a central role in the current freight modeling, and freight route analysis is of fundamental importance in understanding the truck flows explicitly.
In the first part of this thesis, large streams of truck-GPS data from the American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI) are cleaned, processed, and analyzed using easy to implement and practical procedures to study the diversity of observed truck routes between a given origin-destination (OD) pair. This is because, for any given OD pair, the analyst could observe and compare the route choices of a large number of trips, as opposed to observing only one or a few trips. Doing so helps in quantifying the number of different routes taken by trucks between an OD pair and paves the way for a systematic analysis of the “diversity” in route choices between any OD pair. This thesis develops methods to measure the diversity of routes between a given OD pair and identifies unique routes used between the given OD pair. From a practical standpoint, such analysis of the diversity in observed route choices helps in improving the existing route choice set generation algorithms.
In the second part of the thesis, the methodologies developed in the first part are implemented in an FDOT sponsored project entitled “GPS Data for Truck-Route Choice Analysis of Port Everglades Petroleum Commodity Flows”. This project aims to use truck-GPS data from ATRI to derive petroleum tanker trucks’ travel path (or route) information, describing the routes that the tanker trucks take to travel from Port Everglades to their final delivery points.
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Hawk, Zachary. "Gourmet Food Trucks: An Ethnographic Examination of Orlando's Food Truck Scene." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5943.
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Gourmet food trucks have emerged as increasingly popular dining alternatives for consumers in today's urban landscape. Existing literature, as well as my own ethnographic research within Orlando, Florida's mobile food vending scene, reveals that food truck owner/operators utilize various strategies to establish a viable niche for themselves in this diversified and burgeoning market. Among other things, these strategies include online social networking, creating and maintaining a recognizable brand identity, collaborating with local retailers and bar owners, and incorporating organic and locally produced ingredients in their dishes whenever possible. As in other parts of the country, there appears to be a growing concern in greater Orlando about local diets and the profound and subtle messages it conveys about contemporary eating habits. I contend that dining at gourmet food trucks represents a legitimate declaration of consumer identity about individual beliefs and values. In my thesis, I examine how Orlando's gourmet food trucks offer consumers a greater selection of food options and allow locals to participate in a viable social network and community.M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology
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Guzda, Mark Richard. "Development of site-specific fatigue truck weights and truck volume." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.18 Mb., p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1435844.
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Hurtado, Olea Arturo. "Food Truck Itacate." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130470.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en AdministraciónAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento
A pesar de la entrada en vigor de la ley anti alcohol, la industria restaurantera tuvo un crecimiento del 15% en 2012 ya que el aumento del consumo de alimentos contrarrestó la disminución en el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas (-30%). Para 2013 se estima un valor de mercado de la industria de la comida rápida de USD 988 millones. Representando un crecimiento en ventas en 2013 del 9% respecto a 2012 (7.5%) de acuerdo a lo informado por la Cámara Nacional de Comercio Servicios y Turismo de Chile. Abriéndose 42 locales en promedio mensualmente. La zona de Las Condes ha tenido un crecimiento sostenido debido a la expansión de la línea 1 del metro. Entre 2013 y 2014 la oferta de oficinas en Santiago crecerá en 400 mil metros cuadrados. El sector de Nueva Las Condes, formado por el triángulo entre las calles Av. Alonso de Córdoba, Av. Manquehue Norte y Av. Presidente Riesgo, atrae la circulación de 30mil personas al día debido a las 20 torres de oficinas con las que cuenta. El propósito de este proyecto es crear un plan estratégico para implementar un servicio de comida estilo mexicano en un camión “Food Truck” bajo el nombre de ITACATE. Esta palabra tiene su origen en la palabra del náhuatl ITACATL que significa mochila. Por eso los mexicanos usan el término para denominar a la comida para llevar. La principal diferenciación será el foco en una atención rápida y de calidad resaltando el sabor y aroma de la comida a través de la experiencia de comer en la calle. La idea inicial es ubicar el camión en la comuna de Las Condes en los alrededores del parque Araucano. Los clientes podrán escoger de un menú limitado pero flexible para adaptarse a los cambios en la estación o ubicación. Este tipo de negocio se considera una excelente oportunidad ubicándose en una zona de gran tránsito de personas en los días laborales ofreciendo un concepto diferente. El precio se fija con base en el promedio de restaurantes de comida rápida y Food Trucks existentes. Se aceptará la forma de pago de vales o tarjeta de restaurante. En primera instancia el púbico objetivo son los trabajadores del sector. La inversión inicial es de CLP 44 millones que contempla la compra del camión de comida y el flujo para mantenerse en operación por los primeros 6 meses de actividades. El valor presente del proyecto a 10 años es de CLP 4 millones asumiendo perpetuidad del valor residual, con una Tasa interna de retorno (TIR) del 18% y una tasa de descuento del 20%. Este proyecto se basa en el supuesto de obtener el permiso de la municipalidad las Condes. En caso de no obtenerlo se evaluarán las comunas de Vitacura, Providencia y Lo Barnechea. De obtener la negativa del permiso en estas comunas el inicio de actividades se postergaría hasta la obtención de este, por lo que no se incurrirá en la inversión inicial hasta cumplir con el requisito. A pesar de las restricciones legislativas actuales para la implementación del proyecto hay indicios de una apertura del mercado chileno para los Food Truck. Del 25 al 27 de julio de 2014 la comuna de Providencia abrió sus puertas en el parque Bustamente organizando un festival gastronómico de Food Trucks denominado “Entre Ruedas 2014”. Más de 22 emprendimientos sobre ruedas se dieron lugar para tres días de comida, música y cultura. La alcaldesa de Providencia, Josefa Errázuriz, inauguró el festival dirigiendo un discurso a los asistentes “Para la municipalidad de Providencia esta feria es un gran logro porque ejemplifica la innovación y el empuje de decenas de microempresarios y microempresarias que hacen para sacar adelante sus ideas. En el caso de los emprendimientos móviles han golpeado puertas en otros municipios y organismos públicos y simplemente han obtenido la respuesta, la legislación o la normativa vigente no es posible. Nosotros pudimos haber respondido lo mismo sin embargo si alguien se atreve a emprender alguien le debe tender la mano. En Providencia nos interesa apoyar a nuestros emprendedores y emprendedoras”
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Mendoza, Chumacero Zulema Jasmin, Andahua Jordan Cris Moreno, Abad Paula Isabel Torres, and Valerio Diana Liz Vasquez. "Pacha's Fashion Truck." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652857.
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Pacha’s Fashion Truck, es un emprendimiento basado en la creación de una boutique móvil, la cual estará orientada a la venta de ropa femenina y al ser un vehículo tendrá la facilidad de movilizarse a diferentes lugares de Lima y llegar a los clientes con mayor.
La idea de negocio surge a partir del malestar de muchas mujeres, quienes demoran horas buscando exclusividad y calidad, por lo cual la empresa busca aliviar este malestar y generar un ahorro de tiempo al momento de comprar ropa y ofrecer diseños nacionales y exclusivos. A diferencia de las tiendas convencionales de ropa, Pacha’s Fashion Truck acercará a los clientes variedad de prendas nacionales con diseños únicos y elaborados por emprendedores peruanos, esto debido a que estará ubicado en diferentes ferias o eventos. Asimismo, las redes sociales será el principal medio para tener contacto con los clientes de manera constante y mantenerlos informado sobre la ubicación de la boutique móvil.
La empresa tendrá como principales proveedores a diferentes diseñadores independientes, quienes van a proveer las prendas para la venta, esto con el objetivo de incentivar a los emprendedores peruanos y a la compra de productos nacionales.
La inversión inicial que se requiere para poder ejecutar el emprendimiento es de S/ 73,620. Asimismo, se evaluaron los escenarios base, pesimista y optimista para conocer y analizar la viabilidad del proyecto y en los tres escenarios el resultado del TIR superó al COK, lo cual nos permite concluir que el proyecto es viable en el tiempo.Pacha's Fashion Truck is a venture based on the creation of a mobile boutique, which will be oriented to the sale of women's clothing and being a vehicle will have the facility to move to different parts of Lima and reach customers with greater. The business idea arises from the discomfort of many women, who take hours looking for exclusivity and quality, so the company seeks to alleviate this discomfort and generate a time savings when buying clothes and offer national and exclusive designs. Unlike conventional clothing stores, Pacha's Fashion Truck will bring customers a variety of national garments with unique designs and made by Peruvian entrepreneurs, this because it will be located at different fairs or events. Also, social networks will be the main means to have constant contact with customers and keep them informed about the location of the mobile boutique. The company will have as its main suppliers different independent designers, who will provide the garments for sale, this with the aim of encouraging Peruvian entrepreneurs and the purchase of national products. The initial investment required to execute the project is S/ 73,620. Likewise, the base, pessimistic and optimistic scenarios were evaluated to know and analyze the viability of the project and in the three scenarios the IRR result exceeded the COK, which allows us to conclude that the project is viable in time.
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Maran, Juliano. "Study of truck allocation and truck dispatching problems in open pit mines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45807.
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In recent years, fierce competition, rising production costs and depressed prices for mineral products, have forced mining companies to find ways to improve efficiency and lower production costs. Given the fact that loading and hauling operations account for up to 60 % of the total costs in surface mining, the optimization and control of these operations can provide substantial reductions in the costs.
Assignment of truck to shovels has been traditionally performed by fixed truck allocation and by truck dispatching. Several operations research and simulation techniques, which can be used to solve problems concerning surface mining operations, are discussed. The types of problems addressed are: how to allocate trucks to loading equipment, how to evaluate the performance of an existing operation, and how to predict the performance of a future system.
For truck allocation, operations research methods such as: dynamic programming, integer programming, and heuristic algorithms are discussed. These methods are used mainly for decision making purposes. Queuing theory techniques, also analyzed, are used mainly for evaluation purposes.
Master of Science
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Khorashadi, Ahmad. "Analysis of driver injury severity : logit models of truck involvement/truck causation /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Mabbott, Nicholas. "Monitoring device for early warning signs of operator fatigue in open cut mines /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060809.93310.
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Douglas, Matthew Aaron Swartz Stephen M. "Commercial motor vehicle driver safety an application of ethics theory /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-11048.
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Steinmeyer, James. "Powered industrial truck training." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002steinmeyerj.pdf.
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Wasiowych, Andrew Paul. "Design of an energy absorbing, underride resisting, truck-front bumper bar." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1997. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27605.
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An experimental investigation was conducted aimed at reducing fatalities and injury associated with head-on collisions between passenger vehicles and trucks, or other heavy vehicles. Such collisions create extensive and hazardous damage to the car and relatively little to the truck. This disparity is brought about in part by the difference in heights between the truck's and car's bumper, which permits the truck to override the front structure of the car leading to extreme occupant compartment intrusion, and in part by the much greater strength of the truck's structure.
This work focuses on the design, testing and development of a mechanism, mounted to the front of a truck, to prevent underride and to absorb a significant portion of the crash energy. It is important to note that not all the objectives were required to be met in any one test. Each experiment was an integral contribution to a final practical solution. Seven full-scale car-to-truck crash tests were performed using a prototype bumper bar system at impact speeds ranging from 56 to 100 km/h.
This bumper bar system consists of a rigid barrier supported in front of the truck by four telescopic struts incorporating ball joints at each end, making the assembly a ball jointed spatial mechanism. The use of a mechanism largely eliminates bending moments within the supporting struts, which if resisted, would require very large and heavy components.
Energy absorption is via the plastic deformation of thin wall seamless steel tubing undergoing the inversion mode of collapse. The properties of the steel tubes were determined from quasi-static conditions, low speed dynamic tests ranging up to 30 km/h and one high speed test at 80 km/h. No strain rate sensitivity was detected in these tests. The results were therefore used to estimate the energy absorbed by the truck bumper bar system in the crash test collisions.
From these initial car-to-truck collisions it was concluded that it is possible to significantly reduce the severity of head-on collisions between cars and trucks at very hazardous closing speeds with suitable energy absorbing, underride resisting truck bumper bars. Further work is needed to examine a wider range of collision modes and to develop means of reducing the bulk of the truck bumper bar components.
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Jin, Goangsung. "Using Commodity Flow Data for Predicting Truck Freight Flow on State Truck Routes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2867.
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The increase in truck traffic on highways has brought many problems and challenges to transportation planning and traffic operation, including traffic congestion, transportation system deficiency (insufficient truck parking, etc.), safety, infrastructure deterioration, environmental impacts (air quality and noise), economic development, and so forth. Along with the increase in truck traffic, the need for developing a statewide truck freight demand model has grown so that a state can estimate truck traffic at any point on its highways. The most significant hurdle to including freight transportation in the transportation modeling process is that most of the demand forecasting methodologies currently available were developed for passenger trips, not freight trips. This type of modeling methodology usually makes an assumption that freight trips follow the same behavioral mechanism as passenger trips. In order to overcome the weakness of using a typical four-step demand forecasting modeling process, the concept of commodity flow models (CFMs) can be used to develop a truck freight flow model. It is widely accepted that focusing on the freights enables CFMs to capture more accurately the fundamental economic mechanisms that drive freight movements. The type of commodity being carried is one of the most important characteristics of truck movements, and it is sometimes a challenge to obtain such information from the carriers. Thus, lately, the integration of the freight flow modeling and land use modeling has emerged as an alternate tool to estimate freight movements than the previously developed models. In this study, county-level multiple regression models relating land use to commodity flow were developed using a geographical information system and statistics. Then, a statistical/mathematical statewide commodity flow distribution model was developed by using a physical friction factor (physical distance), a statistical friction factor (Euclidean distance), and economic factors (differences of population and difference of employment among the counties). The commodity flow distributed among truck traffic analysis zones (TTAZs) by the statewide commodity flow distribution model were converted to truck trips and the resulting truck trips were assigned to Utah's truck routes using the all-or-nothing assignment procedure of TransCAD and a genetic algorithm. Truck freight data from the US Census Bureau's Commodity Flow Surveys, which have become available to the public for free via the Internet, enabled the development of a commodity flow based statewide truck freight demand model. It was found that the integration of the freight flow and land use data could be a practical method for modeling tuck traffic demand on state-wide truck routes although the current level of data availability on commodity flow and land use data still constrains the full capability of this type of modeling.
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Vap, Derek. "Safety evaluation of large truck-passenger vehicle interactions and synthesis of safety corridors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4917.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 4, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Gillett, Jessica C. "Monetizing truck freight and the cost of delay for major truck routes in Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42907.
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This research provides an example delay calculation for long-haul single unit and combination trucks on Interstate-75 (I-75) in Georgia. Truck profiles on Georgia interstates are used to calculate the value of freight by truck type and commodity moved. Determining the types of trucks and commodities moved within the state of Georgia allows the researcher to monetize the effect of recurring congestion by location in addition to the cost of lost time. A more accurate calculation of delay based on truck type and commodity moved will better inform the Georgia Department of Transportation about the performance of Georgia's major truck routes and its potential effect on the local economy. A review of past research on this topic found that the calculated cost of delay in previous studies varied widely based on truck and commodity type. The identification of the types of commodities moved can assist in better monetizing the value of truck freight. Using forecast data on future truck traffic volume increases in the corridor, the growing importance of putting a value on different types of truck freight delay costs are demonstrated.
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Karlqvist, Rasmus. "Hydropneumatic suspension in a truck : Installation of a hydropneumatic suspension for a Scania truck." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78647.
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Investigation and testing of hydropneumatic suspension systems has previously been done at Scania between the year 1992 and 2000. Interest has aroused at Scania CV AB to further test a hydropneumatic suspension. The reason being the new ventures of decarbonised, clean, electrified, automatized and digitalised vehicles. If electrified trucks are to be adopted in the market as an alternative to trucks with combustion engines, solutions for this type of vehicle’s capacity need to be presented. The vehicle’s weight needs to be reduced; the effectiveness of the components needs to be increased and alternatives to increase battery storage needs to arise if it’s going match the traveling distance of a combustion engine. The mission of the project is to present an installation solution of a hydropneumatic suspension that retains the performance of the current air suspension. The presented material will contain CAD-models of all the brackets that will be designed to fit the suspension, as well as the placement in the vehicle assembly for said brackets. The results show that as for the front suspension the best solution is a placement of the hydraulic cylinders in front of the vehicles front axle. Furthermore the rear suspension is best suited for a placement of the hydraulic cylinders behind the vehicles rear axle. However it was concluded that the rear suspension will not be able to retain the current stroke of the vehicle without sacrificing its ground clearance. Parts of the suspension could however be terminated when the air suspension system was replaced by the hydropneumatic system namely: The front suspension anti-roll bar, shock absorbers, air springs and their coexisting brackets.
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Danielsson, Lina. "Water footprint calculationfor truck production." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-220449.
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Water is an irreplaceable resource, covering around two thirds of Earth´s surface, although only one percent is available for use. Except from households, other human activities such as agriculture and industries use water. Water use and pollution can make water unavailable to some users and places already exposed for water scarcity are especially vulnerable for such changes. Increased water use and factors such as climate change make water scarcity to a global concern and to protect the environment and humans it will be necessary to manage this problem. The concept of water footprint was introduced in 2002 as a tool to assess impact from freshwater use. Since then, many methods concerning water use and degradation have been developed and today there are several studies made on water footprint. Still, the majority of these studies only include water use. The aim of this study was to evaluate three different methods due to their ability to calculate water footprint for the production of trucks, with the qualification that the methods should consider both water use and emissions. Three methods were applied on two Volvo factories in Sweden, located in Umeå and Gothenburg. Investigations of water flows in background processes were made as a life cycle assessment in Gabi software. The water flows were thereafter assessed with the H2Oe, the Water Footprint Network and the Ecological scarcity method. The results showed that for the factory in Umeå the water footprint values were 2.62 Mm3 H2Oe, 43.08 Mm3 and 354.7 MEP per 30,000 cabins. The variation in units and values indicates that it is complicated to compare water footprints for products calculated with different methods. The study also showed that the H2Oe and the Ecological scarcity method account for the water scarcity situation. A review of the concordance with the new ISO standard for water footprint was made but none of the methods satisfies all criteria for elementary flows. Comparison between processes at the factories showed that a flocculation chemical gives a larger water footprint for the H2Oe and the Ecological scarcity method, while the water footprint for the WFN method and carbon footprint is larger for electricity. This indicates that environmental impact is considered different depending on method and that a process favorable regarding to climate change not necessarily is beneficial for environmental impact in the perspective of water use.Vatten är en ovärderlig resurs som täcker cirka två tredjedelar av jordens yta men där endast en procent är tillgänglig för användning. Människan använder vatten till olika ändamål, förutom i hushåll används vatten bland annat inom jordbruk och industrier. Vattenanvändning och utsläpp av föroreningar kan göra vatten otillgängligt, vilket kan vara extra känsligt i de områden där människor redan lider av vattenbrist. Den ökade vattenanvändningen tillsammans med exempelvis klimatförändringar bidrar till att göra vattenbrist till en global angelägenhet och det kommer att krävas åtgärder för att skydda människor och miljö. År 2002 introducerades begreppet vattenfotavtryck som ett verktyg för att bedöma miljöpåverkan från vattenanvändning. Sedan dess har begreppet utvecklats till att inkludera många olika beräkningsmetoder men många av de befintliga studierna har uteslutit föroreningar och bara fokuserat på vattenkonsumtion. Syftet med denna rapport var att utvärdera tre olika metoder med avseende på deras förmåga att beräkna vattenfotavtryck vid produktion av lastbilar, med villkoret att metoderna ska inkludera både vattenkonsumtion och föroreningar. I studien användes tre metoder för att beräkna vattenfotavtrycket för två Volvo fabriker placerade i Umeå och Göteborg. En livscykelanalys utfördes i livscykelanalysverktyget Gabi, för att kartlägga vattenflöden från bakgrundsprocesser. Därefter värderades vattenflödena med metoderna; H2Oe, WFN och Ecological scarcity. Resultatet för fabriken i Umeå gav för respektive metod ett vattenfotavtryck motsvarande 2,62 Mm3 H2Oe, 43,08 Mm3 respektive 354,7 MEP per 30 000 lastbilshytter. Variationen i enheter och storlek tyder på att det kan vara svårt att jämföra vattenfotavtryck för produkter som beräknats med olika metoder. Studien visade att H2Oe och Ecological scarcity tar hänsyn till vattentillgängligheten i området. En granskning av metodernas överensstämmelse med den nya ISO standarden för vattenfotavtryck gjordes men ingen av metoderna i studien uppfyllde alla kriterier. Av de processer som ingår i fabrikerna visade det sig att vattenfotavtrycket för H2Oe och Ecological scarcity metoden var störst för en fällningskemikalie. För den tredje metoden och koldioxid var avtrycket störst för elektriciteten. Detta tyder på att olika metoder värderar miljöpåverkan olika samt att de processer som anses bättre ur miljösynpunkt för klimatförändringar inte nödvändigtvis behöver vara bäst vid vattenanvändning.
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Lucic, Ivana. "Truck Modeling Along Grade Sections." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32842.
Full textAbstract:
This research effort first characterizes the trucks traveling along US highways by analyzing data from Interstate 81. It is hypothesized that I-81 is typical of US highways and thus can provide some insight into typical truck characteristics. These truck characteristics are important for the development of an exhaustive vehicle performance procedure. Analysis was done based on data collected at the Troutville weigh station. The characterization involves an analysis of vehicle class distribution, GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) distribution, vehicle volume distribution, Average Weight on Tractive Axle (AWTA), and typical weight-to-power ratios. The thesis then assembles a database of systematic field data that can be utilized for the validation of vehicle performance models. This database is unique because it was conducted in a controlled field environment where the vehicle is only constrained by its dynamics. Using the assembled field database, a simple constant power vehicle dynamics model for estimating maximum vehicle acceleration levels based on a vehicle's tractive effort and aerodynamic, rolling, and grade resistance forces was tested and validated. In addition, typical model input parameters for different vehicle, pavement, and tire characteristics are included in the thesis. The model was found to predict vehicle speeds at the conclusion of the travel along the section to within 5 km/h (3.1 mi/h) of field measurements, thus demonstrating the validity and applicability of the model. Finally, the research effort introduces the concept of variable power in order to enhance current state-of-the-art vehicle dynamics models and capture the build-up of power as a vehicle engages in gearshifts at low travel speeds. The proposed enhancement to the current state-of-practice vehicle dynamics model allows the model to reflect typical vehicle acceleration behavior more accurately. Subsequently, the model parameters are calibrated using field measurements along a test roadway facility.Master of Science
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Petersen, Deanne. "Food truck fever: a spatio-political analysis of food truck activity in Kansas City, Missouri." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17546.
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Master of Regional and Community PlanningDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional & Community Planning
Hyung Jin Kim
Planning researchers and professionals have recently noted the social, economic, and cultural benefits food truck activity can provide within a community. As a result, the proliferation of food truck activity has challenged planners to reconsider the role of streets and urban spaces. Food trucks have the potential to enliven the urban landscape and enrich the quality of public life by serving as revitalization catalysts in urban spaces. While food trucks have become an increasingly visible aspect of street life, few jurisdictions have determined an effective manner to regulate and promote food truck activity. The study recommends how cities can improve current food truck policies in order to enable the revitalization of urban spaces through food truck activity. Using Kansas City, Missouri as a study area, the primary question was explored through three secondary inquires and their related methods. First, a GIS-based spatial analysis identified the spatio-temporal characteristics of food truck locations via social media data mining processes. Second, a survey of food truck vendors and interviews with city staff highlighted stakeholder conflicts that pose barriers to food truck activity. Third, a policy review in key cities and the development of a policy framework helped determine appropriate policy guidelines that allow food trucks to operate effectively in a city. The cumulative findings of the study informed food truck policy guidelines for Kansas City, Missouri. The policy framework also provides a structure for cities to utilize in order to analyze their own regulations. Sixteen significant policy areas are included in the framework, with the policy areas falling into one of three categories: permitting and enforcement, streets and spaces, or public health and safety. Appropriate policies that balance the needs of stakeholders allow food trucks to operate effectively, thus allowing cities to capitalize on the urban revitalization effects and other benefits that food truck activity provides within urban spaces.
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NORDHAMMER, CAROLINE, and JESSICA GRANKVIST. "Truck electrification : Trends and impacts on the energy system." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301319.
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In line with the Paris agreement, Sweden has set up a national emission reduction target for the transport sector; to reduce the emissions by 70% by 2030, relative to levels in 2010. This entails that large shares of road transport will be electrified, including shares of the national truck fleet. In parallel with this, the Swedish transmission grid suffers from power capacity shortages, limiting the amount of electricity that can be distributed to a regional and local level, especially in urban areas, such as Stockholm. In line with this, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the trends of truck electrification in the Stockholm region and to assess its potential impact on the electrical grid based on truck operation characteristics. To achieve this, three objectives were set; to investigate truck fleet operators’ operations and view in relation to electrification, examine truck manufacturers' views on truck electrification and to analyse the truck electrification’s potential impact on the electrical grid in future scenarios. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to fulfil the research objectives including interviews and casestudy modelling. The results from the interviews show that both manufacturers and truck fleet operators see the electrical grid and deployment of charging infrastructure, as well as the economy of the electric truck as the main barriers to overcome in relation to truck electrification. The truck manufacturers have taken on a leading role and are together with early adopters pushing the development forward. Nonetheless, they cannot create all the right conditions themselves, as for instance charging opportunities in relation to the electric grid is a complex problem. The industry agreed upon that city transports will be electrified first followed by regional transport and lastly long-distance transport. Furthermore, 2030 was identified as a key year for truck electrification. Finally, manufacturers and truck fleet operators urge the government to act and implement necessary measures to support the transition. The results from the case-study modelling show that lunchtime charging of city transport coincides with already critical hours for the electrical grid. Moreover, the afternoon charging of city, regional and long-distance transports generates a peak during the most critical hour around 6 PM, implying that it could entail challenges for an already congested grid. In line with this, proper night-time charging is considered as crucial both from an operational (in terms of minimising the daily stops) and grid point of view (in terms of avoiding grid congestion during critical hours). In addition, it is recommended to prioritise charging of long-distance transport during the day as they often are operative around-the-clock. Although this study resulted in general charging profiles, this gives a good indication on what impact the truck electrification might have on the electrical grid. Furthermore, it gives a general picture of how the electrification of trucks could play out in Stockholm, which can be applied in other urban areas in Sweden that are facing similar challenges.I linje med Parisavtalet har Sverige satt upp nationella utsläpps reduktionsmål för transportsektorn; att reducera utsläppen med 70% till 2030, relativt nivåerna 2010. Detta medför att stora delar av transportsektorn kommer att elektrifieras, inklusive stora delar av den nationella lastbilsflottan. Parallellt med detta lider det svenska transmissionsnätet av kapacitetsbrist vilket begränsar mängden elektricitet som kan överföras till en regional och lokal nivå, speciellt i urbana områden såsom Stockholm. I linje med detta har syftet med denna studie varit att undersöka trender inom lastbils-elektrifiering i Stockholmsregionen och att utvärdera dess potentiella inverkan på elnätet baserat på lastbilars operativa mönster. För att uppnå detta sattes tre mål upp; att undersöka lastbils-operatörers verksamhets mönster och deras syn på elektrifiering, att undersöka lastbilstillverkares syn på elektrifiering och att analysera lastbils-elektrifieringens potentiella inverkan på energisystemet i framtida scenarier. Kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder användes för att uppnå studiens mål inklusive; intervjuer och fallstudie modellering. Resultaten från intervjuerna visar att både lastbils-operatörer och tillverkare ser elnätet och utbredningen av laddinfrastruktur, såväl som totalekonomin av den elektriska lastbilen som de huvudsakliga barriärerna att överkomma vid en elektrifiering. Lastbilstillverkare har tagit en ledande roll och driver utvecklingen av elektriska lastbilar framåt med hjälp av så kallade early adopters. Däremot kan de inte skapa alla förutsättningar själva då till exempel laddnings möjligheter i relation till elnätet är en komplex fråga. Industrin är eniga om att city transporter kommer att elektrifieras först, följt av regionala och till sist fjärrtransporter. Vidare kunde 2030 identifieras som ett nyckelår för elektrifieringen. Slutligen uppmanar både tillverkare och lastbils operatörer regeringen att implementera nödvändiga åtgärder för att stötta och påskynda omställningen. Resultaten från modelleringen i fallstudien visar att lunch-laddning för city transporter sammanfaller med redan kritiska timmar för elnätet. Dessutom genererar eftermiddagsladdningen av city, regionala och fjärrtransporter, en effekttopp runt klockan 18 vilket skulle kunna medföra utmaningar för ett redan överbelastat elnät. I linje med detta anses natt-laddning vara avgörande både från en operativ synpunkt (i form av att minimera de dagliga stoppen) och från ett elnäts perspektiv (i form av att undvika överbelastning av nätet under redan kritiska timmar). Därtill, rekommenderas att fjärrtransporter prioriteras för dagtids-laddning då de ofta är operative dygnet runt. Trots att denna studie resulterade i generella ladd-profiler kan dessa ge en god indikation för vilken inverkan lastbils-elektrifieringen kan komma att ha på elnätet. Vidare, ger studien en generell bild över hur lastbils-elektrifieringen kan komma att se ut i Stockholmsregionen vilket kan tillämpas i andra urbana områden i Sverige som står inför liknande utmaningar.
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Ileri, Yetkin. "Dray Optimization in Truck/Rail Networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13968.
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Daily drayage operations involve moving loaded or empty equipment between customer locations and rail ramps. Drayage orders are generally pickup and delivery requests with time windows. The repositioning of empty equipment may also be required in order to facilitate loaded movements. The drayage orders are satisfied by a heterogeneous fleet of drivers. Driver routes must satisfy various operational constraints.
In the first part of the dissertation, our goal is to minimize the cost of daily drayage operations in a region on a given day. We present an optimization methodology for finding cost-effective schedules for regional daily drayage operations. The core of the formulation is a set partitioning model whose columns represent routes. Routes are added to the formulation by column generation. We present numerical results for real-world data which demonstrate that our methodology produces low cost solutions in a reasonably short time.
The second part of the dissertation addresses minimizing total empty mileage when driver capacity is not restrictive and new orders are added to the problem in an online fashion. We present a lower bound for the worst case guarantee of any deterministic online algorithm. We develop a solution methodology and provide results for the performance of different scheduling policies and parameters in a simulated environment.
In the third part of the dissertation, we study a system with one rail ramp and one customer location which is served by a single driver. The problem has discrete time periods and at most one new order is released randomly each time period. The objective is to maximize the expected number of orders covered. With this simple problem, we seek to learn more about route planning for a single driver under uncertainty. We prove that carrying out an order ready to be picked up at the driver's current location is optimal for the case with one customer location. We show that the structure of the optimal policies is not simple and depends on various parameters. We devise a simple policy which yields provably near-optimal results and identify a case for which that policy is optimal.
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Sandidge, Matthew Jay. "Truck height determination using digital video." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44893.
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Over-height trucks are not only a hazard to the over-height trucks themselves, but they pose a threat to the bridges they come into contact with, and most importantly the other drivers on the road way when a collision takes place with a low clearance structure. Therefore, there is a need for an over-height detection system that is affordable yet also reliable. At this time there exist over-height detection systems using laser and infrared beam devices however, they are expensive. This high cost makes it impossible for Department of Transportations across the nation to implement these systems at all low-clearance headroom roadways. In this research a machine vision based system is proposed to detect the height of trucks and provide a warning for over-height vehicles. The height determination will be completed using line detection and blob tracking; these two methods will be overlapped where an upper point of the truck can be compared to a lower point on the ground. These 2D coordinates will then be translated into 3D world coordinates that will provide an approximation of the truck height. If the truck is over the set height then a warning will sound. The accuracy of the test proves that the method is a reliable method of height determination, achieving a 96.59% accuracy rate for measured trucks. The method does have an error rate of 3.3%. The merit of this work is the creation of an automatic image based method which can provide height determination of trucks and is a low cost alternative to the current expensive laser and infrared detection systems.
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Teo, Chee Kong. "Sensitivity Study of a Truck Chassis." MSSTATE, 2002. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10292002-201029/.
Full textAbstract:
In response to an increasingly demand for fuel-economy, more weight reduction techniques have been proposed to create an optimum vehicle chassis. Material selection and design modification are two of the vital techniques being investigated. In addition, ample attention has been dedicated towards improving the overall strength of a vehicle chassis. Specifically, the overall objective of this study is to maximize weight savings in a truck chassis, while improving its strength characteristics.
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Pike, Jill (Jill Susan). "Water by truck in Mexico City." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33043.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-96).
Supply of water to urban households by tanker truck in developing and advanced developing countries is often associated with early stages of urbanization or with the private markets on which water vendors serve households not connected to the piped network. Despite Mexico City's high household network coverage rate and recent improvements in billing, collection, and network maintenance and upgrading, the public sector supplies bulk water to households by truck in response to persistent water scarcity and insufficient network service levels in some areas. Analysis of the public trucked water delivery services in two of Mexico City's sixteen delegations-or districts-shows two distinct paths to improved trucked service performance in a shared new environment of democratic governance. Although both delegation administrations are led by the same political party, in one delegation officials pursue accountability in the public trucked water service through an evolving set of new internal business practices. In the other delegation, organized residents and elected politicians support service accountability through co- production with delegation authorities and external oversight. This thesis asks how and why two distinct models of accountability in trucked water service delivery operate across two Mexico City delegations, and asks what the implications of the distinct accountability models are for improved household access to water.
by Jill Pike.
M.C.P.
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Darth, Johan. "Engine start/stop vibrations in truck." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168849.
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De vibrationer som uppkommer under start och stopp av motor i en lastbil är inte ett problem för den vanlige lastbilschauffören. Men när bränslesparande system och hybrida drivlinor blir allt vanligare på marknaden kommer vibrationskomforten under dessa vibrationer bli allt viktigare för förarmiljön. Speciellt för lastbilar i distributionstrafik och bussar. Olika parametrar som är av intresse under mätning av lastbilsmotorns start- och stopsekvens har undersökts och en mätmetod tillsammans med en analysmetod har föreslagits. En studie inkluderande 13 erfarna lastbilschaufförer och provningsingenjörer har genomförts med syftet att hitta samband mellan testpersonernas subjektiva uppfattning av dessa vibrationer och olika parametrar i mätdata. Resultatet av studien påvisar att vibrationerna under motor avstängning upplevs som mer besvärande än under start av motorn. Studien pekar också emot att vibrationslängd kan ha en större inverkan på vibrationskomfort än maxacceleration. Ett förslag till acceptanskriterium har också föreslagits.The vibration comfort during engine start and stop in a truck is not a problem for the typical truck driver. But when fuel saving systems and hybrid power trains are becoming more common on the market, the aspect of driveability and vibration comfort regarding this load case will become more important, especially in distribution trucks and busses. Different parameters that are of interest during measurement of engine start and stop vibrations have been investigated and a measurement method along with an analysis method has been proposed. A study including 13 experienced truck drivers and test engineers was made with the purpose to find correlation between their subjective judgment and different parameters in the measurement data regarding the vibrations during engine start and stop. The result of the study indicates that the vibrations during engine stop perceives as worse compared to vibrations during engine start. It was also found that the vibration duration may have a bigger impact on subjective judgement than the peak acceleration. Based on the study, a proposal to criterion of acceptance has been established.
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Khosravi, Mahdi, and Ali Yassiry. "Virtual truck platooning implementation in Unity." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230900.
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Vehicle platooning is a technology that has gained attention from vehicle manufacturers in recent years. The interest lies mainly in the potential benefits this technology can bring. With the help of computer simulations, manufacturers can test how platoons behave under certain circumstances without having to spend money on building actual physical prototypes. By using the Unity game engine, an already existing simulation of a platoon is first visualized, letting all of the physics be controlled outside of Unity. Then the task is to explore the built in physics of Unity by either applying forces to vehicles or torques to the wheels. The results show that the simulations did not act as expected during these two test cases. This is mainly due to some limitations in precision of the underlying physics engine.Platooning av fordon är en teknologi som fått allt större uppmärksamhet de senaste åren. Intresset ligger framförallt i de potentialla fördelarna som platooning kan bidra med. Med hjälp av datorsimuleringar kan fordonstillverkare utföra tester på virtuella fordon utan att behöva spendera pengar på att bygga prototyper. Genom att använda Unity kunde först visualisering av en befintlig platoonsimulator ske där all fysik beräknades utanför spelmotorn. Därefter utfördes två testfall för att närmare undersöka den bekomliggande fysiken hos Unity, dels genom kraftapplicering på fordon, dels genom vridmomentsapplicering på hjul. Resultaten visar att simuleringarna har oväntade beteenden under de två testfallen. Detta beror framförallt på begränsingar i noggranheten i beräkningarna hos Unitys fysikmotor.
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Rodríguez, Dünner Pascuala. "Plan de negocios : Bunnies Beauty truck." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142249.
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Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención AdministraciónLa industria cosmética en Chile ha experimentado un crecimiento explosivo en los últimos años: entre el 2010 y el 2015, sus ingresos aumentaron un 52% y su volumen de ventas subió un 182%. A pesar de esto, aún estando dominada por marcas extranjeras, la variedad de marcas y oferta de productos (internacionales) en el país es relativamente escasa. Esto es incluso más notorio el caso de las marcas Cruelty Free, aquellas que no realizan pruebas en animales para garantizar la calidad y seguridad de sus productos. Son pocas las marcas internacionales Cruelty Free que llegan a Chile: 80 (en 2016) versus las más de 2000 que aparecen en la lista de PETA. Y son aún más escasas las empresas que integran a sus servicios el uso de estos productos. Esta escasez se acompaña de un mercado no satisfecho, compuesto por personas que se interesan en el tema del testeo en animal y que, por ende, son usuarias frecuentes de productos Cruelty Free. Bunnies Beauty truck busca atender a este mercado, a través de una variada oferta de servicios y venta de maquillaje, con uso exclusivo de productos no testados en animales. La idea consiste en integrar estos servicios con el formato truck, es decir, un negocio sobre ruedas, lo que permite ajustarse a las necesidades de los clientes y posibilita una mayor flexibilidad con respecto a empresas con local fijo. Así, Bunnies Beauty truck ofrecerá servicios de maquillaje profesional y clases y cursos de maquillaje (todo al domicilio del cliente) y venta de cosméticos Cruelty Free de marcas no disponibles en el país. Una correcta implementación del modelo permitirá alcanzar un VAN de $ 56.967.915 y una TIR de 55,33% en un horizonte de 5 años, con la posibilidad de hacer crecer al negocio a través de la adquisición de nuevos carritos a partir de esa fecha. Cabe destacar que esto no sólo implica un óptimo manejo logístico, de marketing y de operaciones, sino que también, y antes que nada, un fuerte posicionamiento en la mente de los (potenciales) clientes. Porque la principal motivación de este proyecto y de su gestora es fomentar un consumo más responsable, especialmente con respecto a los animales. Esto implica una labor educativa por parte de la empresa, así como la voluntad de servir a aquellas personas interesadas, ya sea porque son usuarios habituales o bien porque se han informado a través de Bunnies Beauty truck, en adquirir productos libres de crueldad hacia los animales.
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Yu, Bin. "Modeling Truck Motion along Grade Sections." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26276.
Full textAbstract:
Roadway grades have a diverse effect on vehicle speeds, depending on vehicle and roadway characteristics. For example, passenger cars can generally negotiate grades of 5 percent or less without considerable reductions in vehicle speeds, while heavy-duty trucks are affected significantly by grades because of their inferior operating capability. Consequently, due to the potential significant speed differential between automobiles and heavy-duty trucks, these trucks can have a significant impact on the quality of flow, throughput, and safety of a traffic stream. Truck climbing lanes are typically constructed in an attempt to lessen this negative impact. Currently, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) represent the state-of-art and state-of-practice procedures for the design of truck climbing lanes. These procedures only consider the tangent vertical profile grades in the design of climbing lanes and do not capture the impact of vertical curvature on truck performance.
The dissertation describes the TruckSIM framework for modeling vehicle motion along roadway sections by considering both the longitudinal and lateral forces acting on a vehicle. In doing so, the tool reflects the impact of horizontal and vertical alignment on a vehicleâ s longitudinal motion. The model is capable of reading Global Positioning System (GPS) (longitude, latitude, and altitude), roadway, and vehicle data. The dissertation demonstrates the validity of the software modeling procedures against field data and the HCM procedures. It is anticipated that by automating the design procedures and considering different vehicle and roadway characteristics on truck motion, the TruckSIM software will be of considerable assistance to traffic engineers in the design of roadways.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) was originally built by the U.S. Department of Defense to provide the military with a super-precise form of worldwide positioning. With time, GPS units were introduced into the civilian domain and provided transportation professionals with an opportunity to capitalize on this unique instrumentation. With this GPS capability, this research investigates the feasibility of using inexpensive WAAS-capable units to estimate roadway vertical and horizontal profiles. The profiles that are generated by these inexpensive units (less than $500) are compared to the profiles generated by expensive carrier-phase DGPS units ($30,000 per unit including the base station). The results of this study demonstrate that the use of data smoothing and stacking techniques with the WAAS data provides grade estimates that are accurate within 10% of those generated by the carrier-phase DGPS units and thus offer a cost effective tool for providing input data to the TruckSIM software.
Using the TruckSIM software, this research effort investigates truck performance reflective of various truck and road characteristics. These characteristics include vehicle engine power, weight-to-power ratio, pavement type, pavement condition, aerodynamic aid features, engine efficiency, tire type, and percentage mass on tractive axle. The study demonstrates that the vehicle weight-to-power ratio, vehicle engine power, pavement surface condition, tire type, aerodynamic aids, and engine efficiency are critical factors in the design of truck climbing lanes.Ph. D.
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Häggström, Martin. "Thermal modelling of a truck gearbox." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63753.
Full textAbstract:
The thermal regime of a gearbox is of considerable importance to its performance. Several significant gearbox parameters, such as the efficiency and fatigue life of its components, are temperature dependent. It is thus important to be able to determine the temperatures of the gearbox components during operation, but they are difficult to measure experimentally. A simulation model capable of predicting these temperatures would therefore be a valuable tool. The objective of this master’s thesis was to create a model capable of simulating the thermal regime of a truck gearbox during operation. To do this, mechanical losses in the gearbox, heat exchange with the surroundings, as well as heat transfer between components had to be accounted for. The model was created using the 1D simulation software LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim 14.0, and is based on a combination of mechanical and thermal networks. Details of the mechanical and thermal interactions between components are calculated using empirical and analytical formulas for mechanical losses and heat transfer. The result of the thesis is a model which can be used to simulate either real or idealised load cases, from which temperatures of gear wheels, shafts, bearings, housing and gearbox oil may be studied, as well as gearbox losses and heat transfer. Comparisons between simulated and measured gearbox efficiencies show good correlation. It is also shown that the model can predict oil temperatures which agree with in-vehicle measurements. Due to a lack of measurement data, most simulated component temperatures cannot be compared to measured values. However, temperature measurements performed for one of the gear wheels indicate that the model can be used to predict their temperature. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the model, example results from both real and idealised load cases are presented.
32
Iragavarapu, Vichika. "Examining factors affecting the safety performance and design of exclusive truck facilities." Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85809.
Full textAbstract:
Many state agencies consider exclusive truck facilities to be an alternative to
handle the safety and operational issues due to the increasing truck volumes. No such
facilities exist, and there are no standard tools or procedures for measuring safety
performance of an exclusive truck facility. This thesis aims at identifying factors that
affect truck crashes, whose results could be used for better designing exclusive truck
facilities. To accomplish the objectives of this thesis, five years' roadway and crash data
for Texas was collected to develop a comprehensive crash database. Negative binomial
regression models were used to establish a relationship between truck crashes and various
environmental, geometric and traffic variables. Separate models were developed for
truck-related (involving at least one truck and another vehicle), truck-only (two trucks or
more) and single-truck crashes. The results suggested that the percentage of trucks in
Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT), classification of the roadway (Rural/Urban),
posted speed limit, surface condition, alignment and shoulder width are associated with
truck crashes. It was observed that truck-related and truck-only crashes decreased as the
percentage of trucks increased on freeway facilities. Based on conclusions derived from
the literature review and statistical analyses, straight segments with wider shoulders and
uniform grades are recommended for exclusive truck facilities. It is also recommended to
provide ramps, horizontal and vertical curvature and signing based on truck size, driver
eye height, braking ability and maneuverability. These models were developed using
mixed-flow traffic data to understand the association of various factors with truck
crashes. These models should not be used directly to estimate or predict truck crashes.
Further analysis with more detailed data under different flow conditions might help in
quantifying the safety performance of exclusive truck facilities.
33
Mohamedshah, Yusuf M. "Correlation of truck accidents with highway geometry /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-125005/.
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Karimi, Arash. "Switch." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125887.
Full textAbstract:
Having been looking in to the subject of future truck interior environment, the first intention was to be inspired of the extreme environment of long haul-age truck driving and improving the user needs. By looking in to the human factors in truck interiors. I wanted to show the benefits of the truck architecture possibilities and recreate it for a new future truck user. By using the main design tools like design research, sketching, full scale projection and quick user testing I could get a quick look into the complexity of current truck driver environment and proceed with developing it further. The final result is a semi-autonomous truck interior that is suited for a new type of future driver. The interior is focused on the user needs and tasks such as; autonomous management of logistics, operating routes with other truck drivers and units, enjoying spare time while not driving and also the possibility to actively taking over the control manually in case of emergency. By separating and dividing the truck interior in different divisions and user modes, such as Operational, Tactical and Strategic, that divides the specific functions above, the architecture can maintain a clear separation between work and leisure for the driver when he or she is driving or not. This way the driver could easily switch between the modes to reduce the cognitive impact of increasing future information cognitive impact, without losing the sense of control and create a safe and comfortable work environment for herself. The concept is based on the knowledge of a flexible future context that is facing the automotive industry by reducing ergonomic impact for the drivers and improving it further through the flexibility to switch between modes.
35
Leung, Sze-kwan. "Human aspects of container truck accidents : causes, effects and possible improvement measures /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762072.
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Chu, Hsing-Chung. "Implementing Truck-Only Toll Lanes at the State, Regional, and Corridor Levels: Development of a Planning Methodology." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19851.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Dr. Michael D. Meyer; Committee Member: Dr. Adjo Amekudzi; Committee Member: Dr. Chelsea C. White; Committee Member: Dr. Laurie Garrow.
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Jacobs, Mikael, and Peter Jakobsson. "Arbetsstudie av trucktillverkning vid SB Truck AB." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2431.
Full textAbstract:
Examensarbetet har genomförts på SB Truck AB i Vreta Kloster. Tyngdpunkten i arbetet var att filma tillverkningen av en ståstaplartruck,för att sedan analysera tillverkningsmetoderna och räkna fram den totala tiden för tillverkningen av en typ av truck. I studien ges förslag på förbättringar av tillverkningsmetoderna. Förslagen berör främst huvuddelarna i produktionen som är mast-, chassi- och gaffelvagnstillverkning. De förslag på förändringar som är viktigast är följande:
- Kontrollera vilka svetsfogar som verkligen behöver slipas.
- Se till att mastbalkarna som köps in håller den tolerans på rakhet som krävs.
This thesis has been carried out at SB Truck AB in Vreta Kloster. The emphasis of the project was to capture the manufacturing of a forklift on tape, to be able to analyse the manufactoring methods and calculate the total time of manufactoring. The project contains suggestions for improvements of the manufactoring methods. The suggestions mainly deals with the vital parts in the production process of the forklift. The most important suggestions are:
- Determine which of the weldingjoints that really needs to be grinded.
- Make sure that the purchased girders reaches the required tolerance level of straightness.
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Morris, Steven Michael. "Truck Dispatching and Fixed Driver Rest Locations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19745.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis sets out to analyze how restricting rest (sleep) locations for long-haul truckers may impact operational productivity, given hours-of-service regulations. Productivity in this thesis is measured by the minimum number of unique drivers required to feasibly execute a set of load requests over a known planning horizon. When drivers may stop for rest at any location, they may maximize utilization under regulated
driving hours. When drivers may only rest at certain discrete locations, their productivity may be diminished since they may no longer be able to fully utilize available service hours. These productivity losses may require trucking firms to operate larger driver fleets.
This thesis addresses two specific challenges presented by this scenario; first, understanding how a given discrete set of rest locations may affect driver fleet size requirements; and second, how to determine optimal discrete locations for a fixed number of rest facilities and the potential negative impact on fleet size of non-optimally located facilities. The minimum fleet size problem for a single origin-destination leg with fixed possible rest locations is formulated as a minimum cost network flow with additional bundling constraints. A mixed integer program is developed for solving the single-leg rest facility location problem. Tractable adaptations of the basic models to handle problems with multiple lanes are also presented.
This thesis demonstrates that for typical long-haul lane lengths the effects of restricting rest to a relatively few fixed rest locations has minimal impact on fleet size. For an 18-hour lane with two rest facilities, no increase in fleet size was observed for any test load set instances with exponentially distributed interdeparture times. For test sets with uniformly distributed interdeparture times, additional required fleet sizes ranged from 0 to 11 percent.
The developed framework and results should be useful in the analysis of truck transportation of security-sensitive commodities, such as food products and hazardous materials, where there may exist strong external pressure to ensure that drivers rest only in secure locations to reduce risks of tampering.
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Cetin, Necmettin. "Open Pit Truck /shovel Haulage System Simulation." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605499/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is aimed at studying the open pit truck- shovel haulage systems using computer simulation approach. The main goal of the study is to enhance the analysis and comparison of heuristic truck dispatching policies currently available and search for an adaptive rule applicable to open pit mines. For this purpose, a stochastic truck dispatching and production simulation program is developed for a
medium size open pit mine consisting of several production faces and a single dump site using GPSS/H software. Eight basic rules are modeled in separate program files. The program considers all components of truck cycle and normal
distribution is used to model all these variables. The program asks the user to enter the number of trucks initially assigned to each shovel site.
Full-factorial simulation experiments are made to investigate the effects of several factors including the dispatching rules, the number of trucks operating, the number of shovels operating, the variability in truck loading, hauling and return
times, the distance between shovels and dump site, and availability of shovel and truck resources. The breakdown of shovel and trucks are modeled using exponential distribution. Three performance measures are selected as truck production, overall shovel utilization and overall truck utilizations. Statistical analysis of the simulation experiments is done using ANOVA method with Minitab software. Regression analysis gives coefficient of determination values,
R2, of 56.7 %, 84.1 %, and 79.6 % for the three performance measures, respectively. Also, Tukey&rsquos method of mean comparison test is carried out to compare the basic dispatching rules. From the results of statistical analysis, it is concluded that the effects of basic truck dispatching rules on the system performance are not significant. But, the main factors affecting the performances are the number of trucks, the number of shovels, the distance between the shovels and dump site, finally the availability of shovel and truck resources. Also, there are significant interaction effects between these main factors. Finally, an adaptive rule using the standardized utilization of shovels and trucks is developed.
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Muh, Patrick Tatambunkah. "Strategy, performance improvement, combined rail-truck transport." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4124.
Full textAbstract:
With increasing trade, freight transport demand has grown tremendously and as sustainability has become an essential concern of our globe, interests in improving and achieving effective and efficient rail freight transport have become an essential needs and focus of the 21st century. However, achieving an improved rail freight transport service and an increased market share in a competitive environment is rather complex in several aspects as freight trains would need to operate with principles and characteristics resembling those of passenger’s traffic in order to attract new type of goods. In order to adopt the principles and characteristics used in passenger trains, airlines and hotel industries into intermodal line train systems, a simulation model has been developed and implemented. The principles for pricing which we have considered are base on the available train capacity along a travel sub-leg and our objective was to increase the performance of the intermodal line cargo train system. We adopted the yield management concept with rail freight customers given the possibility to change their start and/or end train stations (travel sub-leg) and/or to change their departure day in an intermodal line cargo train system. Using our developed simulation tool, we have examined the performance of an intermodal line cargo train system with respect to the dynamic and constant pricing strategy. Our prime objective was to investigate and answer the questions which pricing strategy leads to the best space utilization and performance of an intermodal line train cargo system? Our simulation results show that the dynamic pricing gives the best space utilization and rail freight performance. Dynamic pricing strategy appears good to both the train operators, in term of the revenue generated, and the freight transporters as they achieved reduced transport cost and freights accommodation at train stations different from their closest train stations.JANNEBERGVÄGEN 37 374 50 ASARUM (+46)736 978 052
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Wiklander, Gustav. "Real time tracking in truck fleet management." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datorteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-328404.
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This thesis researches Scania's challenge to display the position oftrucks, with high accuracy and good user experience while with minimalposition transfers from the truck. This thesis presents an eventtriggered position update (ETPU) algorithm for sending positions fromthe truck along with real time estimation on the client. The key pointwith this system is that the truck computes the same estimation toevaluate its accuracy and sends a new position if the estimate isinsufficient. This achieves a system in which position updates areonly done when needed to achieve a selected accuracy. Simulations weredone and metrics for: accuracy, data consumption and user experiencewere applied for evaluation. Results are presented to inform thereaders of the ETPU's potential.
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Jacovich, Marissa L. "Design of a stair-climbing hand truck." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32942.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49).
Every year, both at home and in the workplace, thousands of adults injure themselves while attempting to move heavy objects. Devices such as hand trucks are used to relieve the stress of lifting while on flat ground; however, these devices usually fail when it becomes necessary to negotiate a street curb or a short flight of stairs. The objective of this thesis was to design and test a consumer-grade hand truck capable of climbing stairs. Several designs were conceived that would allow a non-industrial hand truck to travel over stairs, curbs, or uneven terrain while putting minimal strain on the user. One strategy, referred to as the Blanco Stair-Climbing Wheel, was selected for development; several solid models were created and a prototype was constructed. The finished prototype was tested with a payload of approximately 300 lbs, and it was determined that the hand truck design using the Blanco strategy is a viable option for a stair-climbing consumer product.
by Marissa L. Jacovich.
S.B.
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van, de Hoef Sebastian. "Fuel-Efficient Centralized Coordination of Truck Platooning." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187500.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of how to coordinate a large fleet of trucks with given itinerary to enable fuel-efficient platooning is considered. Platooning is a promising technology that enables trucks to save significant amounts of fuel by driving close together and thus reducing air drag. A setting is considered in which a fleet of trucks is provided with transport assignments consisting of a start location, a destination, a departure time and an arrival deadline from a higher planning level. Fuel-efficient plans are computed by a centralized platoon coordinator. The plans consist of routes and speed profiles that allow trucks to reach their respective destinations by their arrival deadlines. Hereby, the trucks can meet on common parts of their routes and form platoons, resulting in a decreased fuel consumption. First, routes are computed. Then, all pairs of trucks that can potentially platoon are identified. Potential platoon pairs are identified efficiently by extracting features from the routes and processing these features. In the next step, two types of plans are computed for each vehicle: default and adapted plans. An adapted plan is such that the vehicle can meet another vehicle en route and platoon. We formulate a combinatorial optimization problem that combines these plans in order to achieve low fuel consumption. An algorithm to compute optimal solutions to this problem is developed. The optimization problem is shown to be NP-hard, which motivates us to propose a heuristic algorithm that can handle realistically sized problem instances. The resulting plans are further optimized using convex optimization. The method is evaluated with Monte Carlo simulations in a realistic setting. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can compute plans for thousands of trucks and that significant fuel savings can be achieved.QC 20160525
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Cartoni, Castilla Alessandra, and Ferrer María Florencia Gatellu. "Plan de negocios : Food Truck Freeky Fries." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/135908.
Full textAbstract:
Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención AdministraciónAutores no autorizan el acceso a texto completo de su documento.
Este trabajo busca aprovechar la creciente demanda por la ingesta de comida luego de los eventos nocturnos, así como la fuerte tendencia hacia la comida más sofisticada y el emergente mercado de los Food Truck que está aumentando cada vez más en Chile. Éste último rubro, a través de la Asociación de Emprendedores de Gastronomía Móvil e Itinerante (ASEGMI), trabajando junto a Seremi están logrando mejorar las regulaciones y condiciones para que los diferentes propietarios de venta de comida a través de Food Truck en el país puedan operar de manera fácil y eficiente. Las personas entre 16 y 29 años gustan de salir en la noche a bailar y, esto no termina ahí; cada vez más es mayor moda el seguir pasando el tiempo con los amigos comiendo algo luego de las largas horas de ayunas en el lugar escogido para la fiesta. Este es el llamado “Bajón”. Es así que este trabajo plasma una solución a esta necesidad creciente en Chile a través de la elaboración de un Food Truck que vende uno de los platos preferidos para este grupo a esas horas de la noche, papas fritas. Además con ricas salsas que le otorgan la sofisticación que la competencia no posee, así como la cercanía al lugar del evento por ser formato camión y no estar en un local fijo. La metodología empleada para desarrollar este proyecto es la de un plan de negocios según M. Porter, que consiste en un análisis externo e interno del país e industria para luego determinar los elementos que logran que la estrategia supla las necesidades del mercado objetivo. El análisis del contexto político, económico, social y tecnológico mostró resultados positivos para este proyecto. Las principales oportunidades identificadas son; la estabilidad y crecimiento de la industria, la falta de una actual oferta de comida en modelo Food Truck(s) y el aumento de la tendencia de consumo de comida rápida y gourmet. Dentro de las principales amenazas está la falta de marco legal específico para Food Truck(s) y la alta presencia de cadenas extranjeras en el mercado nacional. Para poder conocer mejor al mercado se realizaron 459 encuestas y alrededor de 20 entrevistas que incluyen a los miembros de ASEGMI, potenciales clientes y propietarios de los estacionamientos de las discoteques del sector nororiente de Santiago. A partir de esta información se obtuvo; que la industria de restaurantes de Chile es rentable. El principal actor según presencia física en el mercado es la cadena internacional McDonalds y el precio promedio de consumo para esta industria es de $862. La industria es concentrada por lo que hay espacio para competidores con estrategia en nichos. De acuerdo a esta característica de mercado se determina seguir una estrategia de enfoque con elementos diferenciadores. El mercado meta se determinó con el apoyo de la investigación de mercado realizada por el Equipo Emprendedor en donde se definió un perfil de consumidor y posicionamiento para la propuesta de valor. El mercado está compuesto por jóvenes del grupo socioeconómico ABC1 en primera instancia (con ambición de escalar a otros grupos), que salen a bailar en semana y fin de semana y gustan de “bajonear” luego de este evento nocturno. El proyecto se muestra rentable con un VAN de $70.127.892 y una TIR de 99%. La ventaja financiera que tiene este proyecto ante sus competidores es la menor inversión, donde se requiere solamente $10.000.000 como inversión inicial. Esto sin considerar que los gastos operacionales son menores en similares proporciones que la competencia. El resultado de esta tesis es que es un proyecto sumamente rentable y vale la pena realizarlo.
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Mohamedshah, Yusaf M. "Correlation of truck accidents with highway geometry." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45243.
Full textAbstract:
Growth trends in vehicle transportation for the year 1989 showed that truck travel has increased from 400 billion vehicle miles of travel to 600 billion vehicle miles from 1980 to 1989, a staggering 50% increase. If this trend continues, then truck travel will reach 800 billion vehicle miles by the end of the year 2000. This increase in truck travel poses operational and safety problems for both passenger vehicles and trucks. To improve the existing highway facilities for trucks as well as to determine the design standards for new truck facilities, an understanding of the relationship between truck accidents and highway geometry is required. A number of models have been developed in the past but none of them consider all of the geometric features of the highway which are crucial for truck travel and the causation of truck accidents.
The objectives of this study were to identify the roadway variables that affect truck accidents and to develop mathematical models which would determine truck involvement rates, per mile, per year.
Data from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) was used in this analysis. The HSIS is a new data base developed by FHWA which contains accident, roadway and traffic data from five States. Models for truck accidents on Interstates, 2 lane rural roads, and for over turning accidents on Interstates were developed. The models indicate that truck accidents are primarily affected by horizontal curvature and vertical gradient albeit their values are different for Interstates and 2 lane rural roads. The number of truck accidents decreases on 2 lane rural roads as the shoulder width increases, and the model indicates that gradient has no effect on truck accidents on these roads and this, may be due to the inadequacy of the data. The Interstate model indicates that the higher the degree of curvature and the percentage of gradient, the greater the number of truck accident, as well as overturning truck accident involvement rates.Master of Science
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Nikolov, Zhivko. "Effect of upstream turbulence on truck aerodynamics." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanisk värmeteori och strömningslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138696.
Full textAbstract:
The aerodynamic team at SCANIA has discovered the need to investigate the effect of the upstream turbulence conditions on the aerodynamics of the trucks. This need comes from the fact that there are differences between the drag coefficients obtained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the on-road measurements. This difference can lead to wrong predictions of fuel consumption and emissions, which can cause incorrect evaluation of design changes. In this study the problem of modeling upstream turbulence in CFD simulations is addressed together with its effect on the aerodynamics of the trucks. To achieve this, representative values of turbulence intensity and length scale were found from the work of different researchers, who performed on-road measurements for various conditions. These values were then used in a method by Jakob Mann to generate a synthetic turbulence field. This field was then used to generate time varying velocity components, added to the mean velocity at the inlet of a CFD simulation. After the implementation of the method it was discovered that the conditions at the test section of the virtual wind tunnel were representative of the on-road measurements. The results showed drag increase and wake length decrease, similar to previous studies performed on simple geometries. It also showed that the higher mixing of the flow increases the drag by surface pressure increase of forward facing surfaces and pressure decrease at the base. These conclusions may be extended to other bluff body geometries and it shows the importance of good design around gaps. The comparison between two truck geometries showed that a truck with better aerodynamics in a smooth flow shows less drag increase with introduction of upstream turbulence.
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Kábelová, Zuzana. "Podnikatelský plán Boy´s Burger Food Truck." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201725.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of this Master thesis is to verify the viability of the food truck with fast food. This type of business is well-known in the United States of America. The purpose is to find out whether the firm will be profitable and sufficiently attractive to customers in chosen market. This Master thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the business models and current tips for business plan and starting the business. Next there is made a list of recommended structures of classical business plan from several authors. The theoretical part of the thesis also includes the definition of specifics of the fast food branch in the Czech Republic. The result of the theoretical part is author's own proposal of the structure of the business plan. In the practical part of the thesis is the business plan of the company Boy's Burger Food Truck. At the end the purpose of the Master thesis is reviewed.
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Rebovich, Andrew J. "An evaluation of statewide truck forecasting methods." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3315.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 111 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-111).
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Limegård, Fredrik. "Pendelarm Hägglunds Forest Truck. : Analys av lastfall och hjullager samt konstruktion och beräkning av pendelarm till Hägglunds Forest Truck." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122761.
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Desai, Anup. "Obstructive sleep apnoea and driver performance prevalence, correlates, and implications for driver fatigue /." Connect to full text, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/589.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2003.Includes tables and questionnaires. Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 29, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Medicine. Degree awarded 2003; thesis submitted 2002. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.