Journal articles: 'Tropical riparian vegetation'

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França, Juliana Silva, Rener Silva Gregório, Joana D'Arc de Paula, José Francisco Gonçalves Júnior, Fernando Alves Ferreira, and Marcos Callisto. "Composition and dynamics of allochthonous organic matter inputs and benthic stock in a Brazilian stream." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 10 (2009): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08247.

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Riparian vegetation provides the nutrient and energy input that maintains the metabolism and biodiversity in tropical headwater streams. In the present study, it was hypothesised that ~30% of riparian plant species contribute over 70% of coarse particulate organic matter and, because tropical plants are perennial and semi-deciduous, it was expected that leaf fall would occur year round. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the composition and structure of the plant riparian zone and the input and associated benthic stock of organic matter. The riparian vegetation was composed of 99 taxa. The most abundant plant species were Tapirira obtusa, Sclerolobium rugosum, Croton urucurana, Byrsonima sp. and Inga sp. The input and benthic stock showed a seasonal pattern, with higher values recorded at the end of the dry season and at the beginning of tropical storms. The biomass contributed monthly by the vegetation ranged from 28 ± 6 g m–2 to 38 ± 11 g m–2, and the mean monthly benthic standing stock was 138 ± 57 g m–2. The results illustrate the importance of riparian vegetation as an energy source to tropical streams and how individual plant species contribute to organic matter inputs in these ecosystems.

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Beltrão, Gabriel de Barros Moreira, Elvio Sergio Figueredo Medeiros, and Robson Tamar da Costa Ramos. "Effects of riparian vegetation on the structure of the marginal aquatic habitat and the associated fish assemblage in a tropical Brazilian reservoir." Biota Neotropica 9, no. 4 (December 2009): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032009000400003.

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Riparian zones represent areas of strong biological, physical and chemical interaction between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These areas are usually typified by high diversity of fauna, flora and environmental processes. The present study evaluates the littoral habitat structure and its fish fauna related to associations between presence and absence of natural riparian vegetal cover, in a reservoir in northeastern Brazil. Sampling was performed on marginal areas where riparian vegetation was present and where it had been removed for the plantation of sugar cane. For each type of marginal area three replicate sites were sampled during the wet season. Data on the habitat structure (submerged elements and substrate composition), fish and water quality were collected. The data was analyzed using Shannon-Wiener's diversity index and Pielou's equitability. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and the Multi-Response Permutation Procedure were used to evaluate similarities between sites. The structure of the habitat was more diverse in sites were natural riparian vegetation was still present. Muddy substrate was more abundant in areas with riparian vegetation whereas sandy substrate was more abundant in areas where riparian vegetation had been removed. Measured physico-chemical parameters and nutrients remained nearly constant across all sites. Metynnis lippincottianus and Crenicichla menezesi were more associated with the habitat in areas where riparian vegetation was removed, whereas Cichlasoma orientale and Cichla ocellaris were strongly correlated to forested areas.

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Medina-Abreo, María Elena, and Gonzalo Castillo-Campos. "Vegetación y listado florístico de la Barranca de Acazónica, Veracruz, México." Botanical Sciences, no. 53 (April 24, 2017): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1417.

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A study of the flora and vegetation of the Barranca de Acazónica, located in the central part of the state of Veracruz, was under taken. The vegetation recognized for the region includes tropical deciduos forest, tropical semideciduos forest, riparian vegetation and secondary vegetation. A description of each vegetation type is given, with a brief discussion of environmental characteristics of the zone. A vegetation map of the region (scale 1:70000) is presented, with a schematic vegetation profile. About 840 species are reported in a floristic checklist, representing 126 families of vascular plants.

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Petty, Aaron M., and Michael M. Douglas. "Scale relationships and linkages between woody vegetation communities along a large tropical floodplain river, north Australia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 26, no. 1 (December 8, 2009): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990319.

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Abstract:Riparian vegetation varies according to hydrogeomorphic processes operating across different scales over two didmensions: transversely (across-stream) and longitudinally (parallel to stream). We tested the hypothesis that vegetation patterns reveal the scale and direction of underlying processes. We correlated patterns of dominant woody vegetation with environmental variables at 28 sites located within four geomorphologically distinct regions along the length of the South Alligator River catchment of Kakadu National Park, northern Australia. Across the catchment there existed a strong transverse boundary between upland savanna vegetation and two zones of riparian vegetation: Melaleuca-spp.-dominated closed-forest vegetation along stream channels and mixed open-woodland vegetation adjacent to closed forest. We surmise that there is hierarchic constraint on smaller-scale catchment processes due to fire incursion into the riparian zone and access to water during the dry season. Within the closed-forest zone, vegetation did not vary transversely, but did longitudinally. Riparian woodlands also varied longitudinally, but in the upper reaches varied independently of stream variables. By contrast, in the lower reaches woodland was strongly correlated with stream variables. The observed pattern of weak transverse linkages in headwaters but strong linkages in lower reaches is analogous to models developed for in-stream patterns and processes, particularly the river continuum and flood-pulse concepts.

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Gonçalves Júnior, José Francisco, Juliana Silva França, and Marcos Callisto. "Dynamics of allochthonous organic matter in a tropical Brazilian headstream." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49, no. 6 (November 2006): 967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132006000700014.

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The species composition of the riparian vegetation and the seasonal contribution of input and storage of fine and coarse particulate organic matter were assessed in a 3rd order stretch. Fourteen tree species in the riparian zone were identified, with 3 species contributing with 68% of total litter input: Miconia chartacea Triana (43%), Miconia cyathanthera Triana (16%) and Erythroxylum pelletarianum St. Hil (9%). The allochthonous input of coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) was composed mainly by leaves (over 50%). Species composition and the contribution of each plant species biomass for vertical, lateral and soil inputs and benthic stocks varied along the study period. The maximum values found in September, November and December coincided with the beginning of the rainy season. There were no differences between the allochthonous vertical and lateral inputs of CPOM to the stream. Differently to other studies, this result was probably due to the peculiar composition of stream’s riparian vegetation at Serra do Cipó.

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Zarazúa-Carbajal, Mariana, Luis Daniel Avila-Cabadilla, Mariana Yólotl Alvarez-Añorve, Julieta Benítez-Malvido, and Kathryn E. Stoner. "Importance of riparian habitat for frugivorous bats in a tropical dry forest in western Mexico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467416000572.

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Abstract:Riparian forests (RF) provide shelter, feeding resources and commuting areas and are fundamental for local fauna during long drought periods in tropical dry forests. Nevertheless, information regarding vertebrate ecology in tropical RF is scarce. The studies of bats in riparian habitats have been mostly focused on insectivorous assemblages in non-tropical regions. We contrasted the occurrence of frugivorous bats between RF and upland dry forest (UDF) in a Neotropical dry forest region and evaluated how vegetation structure modulates frugivorous bat presence and abundance. We sampled bat ensembles and vegetation structure in three UDF and three RF sites in Jalisco, Mexico. Bat ensembles and populations were analysed with generalized linear models, including as independent factors: (1) habitat and (2) vegetation attributes. In 72 nights we captured 840 bats belonging to seven species. No effect of habitat type or vegetation structure on species richness was found, but habitat type did affect bat species composition and abundance. Moreover, vegetation structural traits affected frugivorous bat abundance. Frugivore abundance was higher in RF than in UDF probably because RF provides greater resources and more roosting sites. Riparian forests also present more canopy cover and accessible flight spaces. Our results support the importance of RF for frugivorous bats in terms of abundance and composition. Additionally, the lack of differences in species richness between UDF and RF highlights the importance of both habitats for maintaining frugivorous bats, as well as the related ecosystem processes and services in tropical dry forest landscapes.

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Adepoju, Kayode, Samuel Adelabu, and Olutoyin Fashae. "Vegetation Response to Recent Trends in Climate and Landuse Dynamics in a Typical Humid and Dry Tropical Region under Global Change." Advances in Meteorology 2019 (December 13, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4946127.

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The influence of global change on vegetation cover and processes has drawn increasing attention in the past few decades. In this study, we used remotely sensed rainfall and land surface temperature to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern and trend in vegetation condition using NDVI as proxy from 2001 to 2017 in a humid and dry tropical region. We also determined the partial correlation coefficient of temperature and rainfall with NDVI and the response of NDVI to changes in landcover categories due to human activities. We found that the mean annual maximum NDVI was 0.42, decreasing at a rate of 0.06 per decade. About 27.4% of the area was found to have experienced a significant negative trend in vegetation cover, while only 0.34% exhibited significant increasing vegetation vigour. Land surface temperature increased at a mean rate of 0.75°C/decade, with higher rates in agriculture, savanna, settlements, woodlands, and riparian vegetation than in forest and mangrove vegetations. Precipitation also reduced at a mean rate of 58.69 mm/decade, with higher rates in agriculture savanna and riparian vegetation than in sahelian grasslands, mangrove, forest, and woodlands. NDVI was negatively correlated with temperature in savanna, settlements, degraded forest, and sahelian grasslands providing confirmation of ongoing land degradation. It was concluded that vegetation vigour will continue to decline under rainfall and increasing temperature conditions especially in dryer regions. The use of land surface temperature in this study is particularly valuable in highlighting areas where changes in NDVI occurred as a result of synergistic action between climate and human-induced landcover changes. Our findings underscore the importance of landuse policies that account for spatial variation in synergistic relationships between the nexus of climate and land conversion processes that influence vegetation cover change in different landcover types in tropical regions.

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KUMAR, RAMAN, and GHAZALA SHAHABUDDIN. "Effects of biomass extraction on vegetation structure, diversity and composition of forests in Sariska Tiger Reserve, India." Environmental Conservation 32, no. 3 (September 2005): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892905002316.

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Despite the fact that tropical dry forests are being exploited on a large scale for various forest products, there has been limited evaluation of the accompanying ecological impacts. In particular, there is no information on the effects of widespread biomass extraction such as grazing and firewood collection. A study was carried out in Sariska Tiger Reserve in northern India, to investigate the effects of biomass extraction on forest vegetation composition, diversity and structure. Biomass extraction caused significant changes in forest vegetation structure and species composition in the tree layer but the extent of these changes varied across the three major vegetation types found in the Reserve. Anogeissus-dominated slope forest showed significantly lower mean canopy cover, tree density, tree basal area and height of trees in disturbed sites in comparison to undisturbed sites. Riparian forest showed lower mean canopy cover, tree basal areas and number of recorded tree species in disturbed sites. Scrub forest had lower mean canopy cover, tree basal area and tree height. There were fewer tall trees but greater number of short trees in disturbed sites of all three vegetation types. Girths of trees similarly shifted towards lower values in riparian and scrub forest. In Anogeissus-dominated forest, disturbed and undisturbed sites did not differ in proportions of trees in various girth-classes. Tree species richness was substantially lower in disturbed sites of Anogeissus-dominated and riparian forest in comparison to undisturbed sites, but was not affected by disturbance in scrub forest. Understorey species richness was higher in disturbed sites of all three vegetation types but understorey changed structurally only in Anogeissus-dominated forest. Overall tree and understorey species composition was significantly different between disturbed and undisturbed sites of Anogeissus-dominated forest, but was unchanged in scrub and riparian forest. Observed changes in vegetation structure, diversity and composition of the different vegetation types due to biomass extraction have implications for biodiversity conservation in tropical dry forest ecosystems, and need to be addressed in future forest management planning.

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Carvalho, EM, and VS Uieda. "Input of litter in deforested and forested areas of a tropical headstream." Brazilian Journal of Biology 70, no. 2 (April 2, 2010): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842010005000015.

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Riparian vegetation is the main source of leaves and the main energy source for low order streams. Therefore, changes in its composition affect the structure and processes in streams. We studied the contribution of the riparian vegetation by analysing the annual input of litter in deforested and forested areas of a tropical stream. The lateral, vertical (aerial) and horizontal (drift) litter inputs were analysed separately. The lateral input differed significantly between the two areas and included mostly fallen dry leaves. The vertical input, represented mainly by fallen dry leaves, occurred only in the forested area. The drift transport of litter was not significantly different between the deforested and forested areas and the input was composed mostly by CPOM. The removal of the native forest was clearly reflected in the low contribution of leaf litter in the deforested area.

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Moggridge, Helen L., and David L. Higgitt. "Interactions between riparian vegetation and fluvial processes within tropical Southeast Asia." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 38, no. 6 (November 6, 2014): 716–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133314548745.

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Research on the interaction between vegetation and hydrological and geomorphological processes has made a significant advancement in river and floodplain research. While this work is strongly dominated, both conceptually and empirically, from studies in northern temperate systems, it has been instrumental in shaping understanding at a global scale. There are, however, regions of the world such as tropical Southeast Asia which have received relatively little research attention, but could offer an important contribution to knowledge in this field. In a first step to address this issue, this paper synthesizes current research on vegetation and geomorphology and hydrology within tropical Southeast Asia, to consider the applicability of current (temperate-based) models and the potential contribution that processes within these systems could make to global understanding. While research within the region is sparse, observations suggest a reciprocal relationship between vegetation and fluvial processes. While there are some synergies with temperate systems, processes within this region also present interesting differences which could, with further investigation, advance current understanding of these processes globally and expand and enhance current concepts. The paper concludes with the identification of the pertinent research questions for the field within the region.

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Rosas-Espinoza, Verónica Carolina, Karen Elizabeth Peña-Joya, Eliza Álvarez-Grzybowska, Arquímedes Alfredo Godoy-González, Ana Luisa Santiago-Pérez, and Fabián Alejandro Rodríguez-Zaragoza. "Amphibian Taxonomic and Functional Diversity in a Heterogeneous Landscape of West-Central Mexico." Diversity 14, no. 9 (September 8, 2022): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14090738.

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Land use in Mexico has dramatically changed in recent decades since deforested lands have been repurposed for agriculture. We evaluated the amphibian taxonomic and functional diversity of a heterogeneous landscape with ten land cover/use types in west-central Mexico. Taxonomic diversity was evaluated with q-order indices, and functional diversity was calculated with three multivariate functional diversity indices by land cover/use. The relationship between amphibian diversity, habitat structure, and environmental variables was analyzed using multidimensional distance-based analyses. Our results showed that most native land cover types exhibited a similar species richness (low values) among the studied crops, except for the riparian habitat surrounded by tropical dry forest (high richness) and secondary vegetation (intermediate richness). Regarding functional diversity, the riparian habitat surrounded by tropical dry forest, sugar cane field, and secondary vegetation had the highest values. The secondary vegetation had more functional groups than other land cover/use types. Despite the lack of a clear spatial pattern of amphibian taxonomic and functional diversity, we determined that attributes such as herbaceous cover and water availability are essential to maintain both facets with high amphibian diversity in the land cover/use types (e.g., secondary vegetation and sugar cane).

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Douglas, Michael M., Samantha A. Setterfield, Keith McGuinness, and Philip S. Lake. "The impact of fire on riparian vegetation in Australia’s tropical savanna." Freshwater Science 34, no. 4 (December 2015): 1351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/684074.

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Heartsill-Scalley, T., and T. M. Aide. "RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND STREAM CONDITION IN A TROPICAL AGRICULTURE–SECONDARY FOREST MOSAIC." Ecological Applications 13, no. 1 (February 2003): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0225:rvasci]2.0.co;2.

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Lamontagne, Sébastien, Peter G. Cook, Anthony O'Grady, and Derek Eamus. "Groundwater use by vegetation in a tropical savanna riparian zone (Daly River, Australia)." Journal of Hydrology 310, no. 1-4 (August 2005): 280–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.01.009.

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Camacho-Rico, Fernando, Irma Trejo, and Consuelo Bonfil. "Estructura y composición de la vegetación ribereña de la barranca del río Tembembe, Morelos, México." Botanical Sciences, no. 78 (June 3, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1718.

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Structure and composition of the riparian vegetation of the middle-upper basin of the Tembembe river, in the state of Morelos, was analyzed. Height, diameter at breast height, crown area and taxonomic identity of each individual having a DBH 1 cm were recorded in 23 quadrats of 100 m2 each. A total of 74 species and 516 individuals were found. Mean density was 2,148 ind. ha-1, mean basal area was 88.39 m2 ha-1, and mean height (of individuals with DBH 20 cm) w as 10.5 m. Classification analysis allowed the discrimination of three communities whose distribution was associated to the altitudinal gradient: the first (G1) in the upper part (1,700 - 1,650 m a.s.l.) was dominated by species (like Alnus acuminata) having a holartic affinity; the second (G2) at an intermediate altitude (1,640 - 1,340 m a.s.l.) was dominated by Trema micrantha; and the third (G3) in the lower portion (1,210 - 1,110 m a.s.l.) dominated by species (like Daphnopsis salicifolia) having a tropical affinity. Diversity, density and crown cover did not differ among them, but mean basal area was largest in the highest and lowest communities than in the intermediate one. Mean height of the tree layer decreased with altitude. This study contributes to the knowledge of the riparian vegetation in Morelos state and provides basic ecological information for future restoration programs of the riparian vegetation of the Tembembe river

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Figueiredo, A. F., F. G. Augusto, L. D. Coletta, P. J. Duarte-Neto, E. A. Mazzi, and L. A. Martinelli. "Comparison of microbial processing of Brachiaria brizantha, a C4 invasive species and a rainforest species in tropical streams of the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 9 (2018): 1397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17080.

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The breakdown of allochthonous organic matter is considered to be the main source of energy and nutrients for the majority of first-order streams. Thus, land-use change and riparian vegetation, such as deforestation and conversion of native forest to pasture lands, will lead to unwanted changes of the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems due to the disturbance of organic-matter supply. The C4 grasses, extensively used as forage in tropical regions, are poorly studied as important sources of allochthonous material because they are usually considered as a poor source of nutrients. Because the effects of land-use change on ecosystem functions are not fully known, we aimed to evaluate how such changes in riparian vegetation can affect nutrient cycling by means of measuring the decomposition rate of an abundant native C3 species and an exotic C4 grass species in first-order streams of the Atlantic Forest. Our results showed that C4 detritus decomposed faster than did C3 detritus, despite its lower nutrient concentration. This was likely to be due to the lower lignin concentration of the C4 species than the native C3 species. Lignin also influenced nutrient-loss dynamics of the C3 species, because it can interact with other cellular constituents and prevent the decomposition of most labile compounds. Our results supported the observation that the replacement of riparian vegetation alters breakdown rates and nutrient distributions, which may disrupt aquatic food webs.

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O'Grady, A. P., P. G. Cook, P. Howe, and G. Werren. "Groundwater use by dominant tree species in tropical remnant vegetation communities." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 2 (2006): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04179.

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Defining groundwater dependence and water-use requirements of terrestrial vegetation represents a significant challenge to water-resources managers. Terrestrial vegetation may exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater dependence. In this study we have assessed the sources of water used by dominant tree species in remnant vegetation of Pioneer Valley, Mackay, in northern Queensland. Water use by tree species was determined by sapflow techniques and the sources of water were investigated by using a combination of isotopic and water-potential measurements. Within the remnant vegetation communities of the Pioneer Valley there were complex patterns of water use and water-resource partitioning. However, all communities within the study showed some degree of groundwater use. Riparian communities that were reliant on groundwater discharge for maintenance of river baseflow exhibited high species diversity and complex forest structure and different species within these communities accessed a range of water sources including shallow soil water, river water and groundwater. In contrast, the woodlands and open forest were principally reliant on soil water. Although, species such as Corymbia clarksoniana appeared to be reliant on groundwater for their dry-season water-use requirements. This study demonstrated use of groundwater by remnant vegetation communities in the Pioneer Valley but determination of groundwater dependence requires a better understanding of the temporal patterns of water use and sources of water used by each species.

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Hernández-Dávila, Omar, Javier Laborde, Vinicio J. Sosa, Claudia Gallardo-Hernández, and Cecilia Díaz-Castelazo. "Forested riparian belts as reservoirs of plant species in fragmented landscapes of tropical mountain cloud forest." Botanical Sciences 98, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 288–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2497.

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Background: Cloud forest in central Veracruz is highly fragmented. However, different arboreal elements are still present within the agricultural matrix, including small patches of secondary forest, isolated trees and forested riparian belts. These elements could be important for cloud forest species conservation. Questions: What is the structure and composition of forested riparian belts within current anthropic landscapes, and what is their potential contribution as reservoirs of mountain cloud forest native plant species? Studied species: Vegetation community of forested riparian belts of cloud forest. Study site and dates: Eastern Mexico (central Veracruz), January to November 2018 Methods: Along 14 segments of riparian belts (≈400 m long), distributed across different tributary streams, six 50 × 2 m transects were placed (three per riverside) per segment. Every plant rooted within a transect and ≥ 1.5 m in height was identified and measured (height and DBH). Results: A total of 2,062 plants from 161 species, 102 genera and 55 families were recorded in the 14 sites (8,400 m² sampled). Structural attributes and floristic composition varied widely amongst sites. Elevation and the amount of forest cover (i.e., area) within 500 m of each sampling site were the most important factors underlying the spatial variation in species composition. Conclusions: Riparian belts were remarkably heterogeneous harboring a notable richness of tree and shrub species many of them native of the original cloud forest. This diversity reveals that these arboreal elements are keystone structures for biodiversity conservation and also have a high potential as propagule sources for cloud forest restoration in anthropic landscapes.

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Teresa, Fabrício Barreto, and Renato de Mei Romero. "Influence of the riparian zone phytophysiognomies on the longitudinal distribution of fishes: evidence from a Brazilian savanna stream." Neotropical Ichthyology 8, no. 1 (March 2010): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252010000100019.

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The structure and composition of a fish community in a tributary stream of the Aquidauana River, located in the plateau region of the Paraguay River basin, central west Brazil are described, with special attention to the differential effects of the phytophysiognomies of the Cerrado (a tropical savanna), which are predominant in riparian zones all along their longitudinal gradient. A total of 1,166 individuals belonging to 44 species were captured. Similarity analyses of composition and abundance showed two groups: upstream reaches (R1 and R2) and downstream reaches (R3, R4 and R5), which presented 85.8% of the average dissimilarity. Although physical habitat and physicochemical descriptors varied along the longitudinal gradient of the Correntes stream, shoreline vegetation was the most important environmental feature predicting fish structure and composition. The Mantel test revealed a correlation between shoreline vegetation structure and fish composition and quantitative structure of the fish community (R > 0.65; p < 0.04). This relationship is driven by the prevalence of species occupying microhabitats associated with shoreline vegetation in contact with water in upstream reaches. Structural differences in shoreline vegetation along the longitudinal gradient correspond to the phytophysiognomic dichotomy observed in the Correntes stream, where riparian vegetation is made up of wet grassland upstream and of gallery forest downstream; this reinforces the importance of the phytophysiognomic heterogeneity of the Cerrado in maintaining ichthyofauna diversity.

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Chan, Eric K. W., Yixin Zhang, and David Dudgeon. "Arthropod 'rain' into tropical streams: the importance of intact riparian forest and influences on fish diets." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 8 (2008): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07191.

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Terrestrial arthropods might represent an important energy source for stream predators, but these trophic linkages have seldom been studied in the tropics. Terrestrial arthropod inputs (essentially, arthropod ‘rain’) into four streams with different riparian vegetation (two draining shrublands and two draining forests) were measured over three consecutive seasons (dry, wet, dry) from 2005 to 2007 in monsoonal Hong Kong. Predatory minnows, Parazacco spilurus (Cyprinidae), were collected and their consumption of terrestrial arthropods was estimated. Inputs of arthropods were dominated by Diptera, Collembola, Formicidae and aerial Hymenoptera, accounting for ≥73% of the arthropod abundance. Seasonal variation was marked: numbers in the dry seasons were approximately half (47–57%) those in the wet season, and biomass fell to one-third (33–37%) of the wet-season value. Shrubland streams received 19–43% fewer individuals and 6–34% less biomass than shaded forest streams. An analysis of fish diets in three of the four streams showed that terrestrial insects and spiders were more important prey in the two forest streams, accounting for 35–43% of prey abundance (39–43% by volume) v. 28% (27%) in the shrubland stream. Because riparian vegetation is the source of terrestrial arthropod inputs to streams, degradation of streamside forests that reduce these inputs will have consequences for the diets of stream fishes.

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Boyero, Luz, Leon A. Barmuta, Lavenia Ratnarajah, Katrin Schmidt, and Richard G. Pearson. "Effects of exotic riparian vegetation on leaf breakdown by shredders: a tropical–temperate comparison." Freshwater Science 31, no. 2 (June 2012): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1899/11-103.1.

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RADFORD, IAN J., ANTHONY C. GRICE, BRETT N. ABBOTT, D. MICHAEL NICHOLAS, and LINDSAY WHITEMAN. "Impacts of changed fire regimes on tropical riparian vegetation invaded by an exotic vine." Austral Ecology 33, no. 2 (April 2008): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01803.x.

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Pettit, N. E., and R. H. Froend. "Availability of seed for recruitment of riparian vegetation: a comparison of a tropical and a temperate river ecosystem in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 49, no. 4 (2001): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt00059.

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Processes that are important for the recruitment of plants include aspects of the reproductive phenology, development and release of propagules, dispersal of propagules and the storage of mature seed ready for germination when conditions are suitable. This paper explores the relative importance of these mechanisms by examining the contents of the seedbank in the soil, the reproductive phenology of particular overstorey species, the importance of dispersal by water and the survival and longevity of seed on two contrasting rivers in Western Australia. Examination of the soil seedbank showed that regeneration of vegetation from this source is probably important for annual species of herbs and grasses but of only minor significance for perennial species. This is most likely due to high levels of disturbance and the unstable soils in the riparian zone. Reproductive phenology of the four overstorey species monitored in this study appears to be well-adapted to the hydrological regimes on the respective rivers. For the seed of riparian overstorey species examined, seed longevity was poor and seed predation rates were high. The occurrence of seed in floodwater debris indicated the importance of secondary dispersal of seed by water, particularly for the Ord River. For the two overstorey riparian species examined on the Ord River in the subtropical north of Australia, there is little storage of seed and plants are reliant on favourable conditions prevailing at the time of seed fall. The likelihood of seed finding a safe site for successful germination is enhanced by secondary dispersal in high river flows. For overstorey species on the Blackwood River in the temperate zone of south-western Australia there is some storage of seed in the canopy but dispersal of seed to safe sites is also enhanced by river flow. For riparian vegetation on these rivers, regeneration from seed can occur through several processes. The relative importance of these different mechanism varies for each river, reflecting their vastly different hydrology and climate.

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Fiori, Leandro Fabrício, Vivian de Mello Cionek, Patricia Almeida Sacramento, and Evanilde Benedito. "Caloric content of leaves of five tree species from the riparian vegetation in a forest fragment from South Brazil." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 27, no. 3 (September 2015): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x6114.

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Abstract Aim: The measurement of the caloric content evidences the amount of energy that remains in the leaf and that can be released to the aquatic trophic chain. We assessed the energy content of leaves from five riparian tree species of a forest fragment in south Brazil and analyzed whether leaf caloric content varied between leaf species and between seasons (dry and wet). The studied sites are located in Northwest of Paraná State, inside a Semi-Deciduous Forest fragment beside two headwater streams. Methods Sampling sites were located along the riparian vegetation of these two water bodies, and due to its proximity and absence of statistical differences of caloric values, analyzed as one compartment. Results Caloric content varied significantly among species and among all pairs of species, with exception of Nectandra cuspidata Ness and Calophyllum brasiliensis Cambess. Two species presented significant differences between seasons, Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Ben and Calophyllum brasiliensis Cambess. Conclusions The absence of significant seasonal differences of energy content for some species may be due to the characteristics of the tropical forest, in which temperature did not varied dramatically between seasons. However, the energy differed between species and seasons for some species, emphasizing the necessity of a preliminary inspection of energy content, before tracing energy fluxes instead of using a single value to all species from riparian vegetation.

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NOVAIS, JOÃO MARCOS PEREIRA, FABRÍCIO TOMAZ RAMOS, ELIANA FREIRE GASPAR DE CARVALHO DORES, and JOÃO CARLOS DE SOUZA MAIA. "IMPACT OF DIFFERENT REVEGETATION TECHNIQUES ON SOIL AND PLANT ATTRIBUTES IN A RIPARIAN ZONE1." Revista Caatinga 33, no. 1 (March 2020): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n117rc.

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ABSTRACT In 2014, the Upper Paraguay River Basin (UPB) plateau in Brazil maintained only 39.5% of its native vegetation cover, most of which was located in riparian zones that were generally degraded, in legal reserve areas, or in regions without agricultural potential. Due to the lack of practical results in the region, so that farmers could base their projects for the recovery of degraded areas, this work was designed to determine the long-term result of three revegetation techniques and their contributions to soil attributes and vegetative parameters, in the riparian zone of a watershed in the municipality of Campo Verde, located in the UPB. It was found that in only seven years, the technique of distributing a mixture of seeds rich in nitrogen-fixing plant species with washed sand and composted cotton tow, followed by incorporation with light harrowing, favored a rapid establishment of native plants. In this case, the number of species and the floristic diversity was the closest to those of the Tropical Cerrado, i.e., the control. In this technique, Brachiaria brizantha was not dominant , and the mean of total organic carbon storage in the soil (TOCS) was significantly lower, thereby indicating that riparian zones with higher TOCS do not necessarily have greater plant diversity. Therefore, the competition caused by B. brizantha can affect ecological diversity in areas undergoing ecological succession.

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LAWSON, TINA, DAVID GILLIESON, and MIRIAM GOOSEM. "Assessment of Riparian Rainforest Vegetation Change in Tropical North Queensland for Management and Restoration Purposes." Geographical Research 45, no. 4 (December 2007): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2007.00477.x.

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Neldner, Victor J., Rodrick W. Rogers, and Paul I. Forster. "The lichen flora of tropical Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 66, no. 5 (2018): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt17246.

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The first account of the lichen flora of the Cape York Peninsula bioregion is provided with 423 lichen taxa from 47 families and 127 genera recorded. The tropical savannas of Cape York Peninsula, which experience annual or biennial ground fires, are generally a harsh environment for lichen establishment and growth. The majority of eucalypts and Melaleuca viridiflora Sol. ex Gaertn. trees that dominate much of Cape York Peninsula vegetation regularly shed their bark and do not generally provide a suitable habitat for lichen establishment and persistence. However, even in these savanna habitats, some tree species provide suitable fire-safe substrates for lichens. The rainforest, riparian and coastal vegetation lichen flora is much more diverse, primarily because of the lack of fire but also because of more mesic conditions and persistent thin bark types. Most of the lichens (413 lichen species) survive on a number of bark types, while there are 51 species on rock substrates (10 exclusively on rocks). The diverse lichen flora is dominated by pantropical species, many of which are shared with New Guinea, Thailand and the Northern Territory. However, eleven lichen species are only known from Cape York Peninsula.

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Caley, Peter. "Movements, Activity Patterns and Habitat Use of Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa) in a Tropical Habitat." Wildlife Research 24, no. 1 (1997): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr94075.

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Movements, activity patterns and habitat use of feral pigs were studied in a tropical woodland habitat by radio-telemetry, live-trapping and hunter returns. The mean aggregate home-range size was 33.5 km2 for boars and 24.1 km2 for sows. Feral pigs were rather sedentary, with no tendency to disperse great distances from their initial home ranges. Pigs were most active at night, with peaks of activity in the late afternoon and early morning. Pigs preferentially used the riparian vegetation strip bordering major rivers, and grain crops, when available. The implications for the management of pigs are discussed.

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Crome, Francis, Jodi Isaacs, and Les Moore. "The utility to birds and mammals of remnant riparian vegetation and associated windbreaks in the tropical Queensland uplands." Pacific Conservation Biology 1, no. 4 (1994): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940328.

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Birds and mammals were censused in a ribbon of remnant vegetation along a stream connecting two rainforest fragments on a farm on the Atherton Tablelands of North Queensland. The vegetation consisted of two larger (6.5 and 19.6 ha) and one smaller forest remnant (1.1 ha) and numerous tiny disconnected patches scattered across the property and along the creek. These were classified into five types ? "Forest", "Regeneration", "Copse", "Lantana" and "Tobacco Bush". Censuses were also done in four windbreak plantings. Sixty-four species of birds were recorded in systematic censuses in the patches along the creek and in the windbreaks. Along the creek, "Forest" patches had the most species and the most rainforest species followed by "Copse" and "Regeneration" sites. "Lantana" patches were surprisingly rich in species; a total of 32 were recorded including nine rainforest species. The fewest bird species were recorded in the windbreaks which were particularly poor in rainforest species. Small mammals were live trapped in the three larger patches, in the ribbon and in one windbreak. Eleven species were captured ? six rainforest, three grassland and two introduced. The grassland species were not caught in the larger forest patches and two rainforest rodents were not caught along the creek. Nothing was caught in the windbreak but grassland species were caught in an adjoining abandoned orchard. Three species of arboreal mammals were recorded by spotlighting ? Lumholtz' Tree-kangaroo Dendrolagus lumholtzi, Coppery Brushtail Possum Trichosurus vulpecula johnstonii and Green Ringtail Possum Pseudocheirus archeri. All occurred in the stream vegetation as well as the larger forest patches. None were seen in any of the four windbreaks. It is concluded that the creek vegetation is valuable wildlife habitat. The windbreaks were less so but were still useful to the fauna on the study area.

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Fragoso-Moura, E. N., T. F. Luiz, R. Z. Coeti, and A. C. Peret. "Trophic ecology of Hemigrammus marginatus Ellis, 1911 (Characiformes, Characidae) in a conserved tropical stream." Brazilian Journal of Biology 77, no. 2 (August 29, 2016): 372–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.16415.

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Abstract The trophic ecology of ichthyofauna in a stream can be related to the presence or absence of riparian and aquatic vegetation, and mainly resource availability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the seasonal and ontogenetic variations for the trophic ecology of Hemigrammus marginatus in the Beija-Flor stream located at the Jataí Ecological Station in the municipality of Luiz Antônio-SP, Brazil. In order to attain this objective, the data collections were carried out on a monthly basis from August, 2011 to July, 2012. Fish were collected using a trawl net and bait traps from three collection stations distributed along the Beija-Flor stream. The quality of the water was evaluated by the chemical variables: ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and physical temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity and conductivity, obtained by using a Yellow Springs sonde. The collected specimens were fixed in 10% formalin in the field and were subjected to biometric measurements in the laboratory. The stomachs were weighed and transferred to 70% alcohol and the stomach contents were analysed using a stereomicroscope at the lowest possible taxonomic level. The species was considered insectivorous and the autochthonous food items were the most important during the dry season, mainly from the orders Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, while allochthonous items from the order Hymenoptera were more important in the wet season. The young individuals’ diet was based on the consumption of zooplankton, and insofar as the fish develops, there was a decrease in this item in the diet showing that the species has ontogenetic shifts in its diet. The conservation state of the Beija-Flor stream, as well as the flexibility of using food and food resources provided by aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation are key factors for the high abundance of the H. marginatus species.

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Sheaves, Marcus, Ross Johnston, Kelsey Miller, and Paul N. Nelson. "Impact of oil palm development on the integrity of riparian vegetation of a tropical coastal landscape." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 262 (July 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.011.

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Lindsay, Karel R., Myron P. Zalucki, Ian R. Newton, and Michael J. Furlong. "Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of the Native Banana-Spotting Bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens (Hemiptera: Coreidae), in Avocado Crops in North Queensland, Australia." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 1812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz084.

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Abstract The native banana-spotting bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens Distant, is a major polyphagous insect pest of many tropical and subtropical horticultural crops in Australia, including high-valued commodities such as avocado (Persea americana Mill. (Laurales: lauraceae)). The cryptic nature of A. l. lutescens makes it difficult to sample, and much about its ecology and behavior remains poorly understood. A lure based on the main components of the semiochemicals emitted by male A. l. lutescens, which is attractive to adult males, adult females, and nymphs, has been developed and incorporated into a trap, facilitating sampling of A. l. lutescens in the field. A 2-yr study investigated the spatial and temporal dynamics of the pest in two conventionally managed avocado (cv. Shepard) orchards using a grid (36 m × 36 m) of traps across each. In each year of the study, higher numbers of A. l. lutescens were recorded from October to June. In one field, spatial clustering of adults was detected in close proximity to an adjacent lime [Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) (Rutales: rutaceae) Swingle] crop that was not managed with insecticides during the study. Spatial clustering of nymphs was detected adjacent to native riparian vegetation in the other field. The results suggest that source populations of A. l. lutescens could originate from neighboring crops that host A. l. lutescens and from riparian vegetation. Focused sampling of trees at the interface with these vegetation types could lead to early pest detection, timely suppression, and therefore improved pest management.

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Radford, Ian J., and Richard Fairman. "Fauna and vegetation responses to fire and invasion by toxic cane toads (Rhinella marina) in an obligate seeder-dominated tropical savanna in the Kimberley, northern Australia." Wildlife Research 42, no. 4 (2015): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14259.

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Context Changed fire regimes are an important threatening process to savanna biodiversity. Fire-sensitive vegetation such as pindan and its fauna may be particularly susceptible to fire impacts. Invasion by alien species is an additional threatening process. The toxic anuran Rhinella marina is a well publicised invader of savannas. Little is known of impacts in many habitats. Aims To test the hypotheses (1) that fire responses among pindan fauna are greater than general savanna responses, and (2) that cane toad-invasion impacts will be reduced relative to riparian habitats. Methods Reptiles, frogs, invertebrates and mammals were surveyed seven times from 2008 to 2012, four times before and three times following R. marina invasion. Time since last fire was recorded during each survey. Vegetation change was measured. Key results Pindan vegetation structural recovery took 4–5 years, whereas fauna recovery took only 1 year. Ground active agamids, combined Scincidae, fossorial skinks and ground-layer invertebrates responded positively to recent fire. Skinks of Ctenotus spp. declined in size after fire. Short-term fauna responses reflect rapid re-establishment of herbaceous cover. Fauna responses were detected following R. marina invasion, including increases in frogs of Uperoleia spp. and skinks of Carlia spp., and decreases in Lerista griffini and ground-layer invertebrates. Insufficient data were available to test for responses among large predators; however, >50% lower Varanus spp. trap success occurred post-invasion. No invasion response was detected among small mammals. Conclusions Pindan fauna fire responses were similar to those of savannas. Fauna responses to Rhinella marina invasion were relatively minor compared with those previously reported in riparian habitats and this may be related to the lower abundance of the invader here than in previous studies in riparian or more fertile habitats. Implications The dominant obligate seeding tree in pindan woodland, A. tumida, requires >4 years with no high-intensity fires for re-establishment of the dominant tree. Fire management should aim to minimise extensive fires to reduce impacts on fire-sensitive fauna. Persistence of large predators after cane-toad invasion suggests possible refuge value of low-productivity pindan savannas.

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Raja, Priyanka, Hema Achyuthan, Anjum Farooqui, Rengaswamy Ramesh, Pankaj Kumar, and Sundeep Chopra. "Tropical Rainforest Dynamics and Palaeoclimate Implications since the late Pleistocene, Nilgiris, India." Quaternary Research 91, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.58.

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AbstractA multiproxy study involving sedimentology, palynology, radiocarbon dating, stable isotopes, and geochemistry was carried out on the Parsons Valley Lake deposit, Nilgiris, India, to determine palaeoclimatic fluctuations and their possible impact on vegetation since the late Pleistocene. The 72-cm-deep sediment core that was retrieved reveals five distinct palaeoclimatic phases: (1) Warm and humid conditions with a high lake stand before the last glacial maximum (LGM; ~29,800 cal yr BP), subsequently changing to a relatively cool and dry phase during the LGM. (2) Considerable dry conditions and lower precipitation occurred between ~16,300 and 9500 cal yr BP. During this period, the vegetation shrank and perhaps was confined to moister pockets or was a riparian forest cover. (3) An outbreak in the shift of monsoonal precipitation was witnessed in the beginning of the mid-Holocene, around 8400 cal yr BP, implying alteration in the shift toward warm and humid conditions, resulting in relatively high pollen abundance for evergreen taxa. (4) This phase exhibits a shift to heavier δ13C values around ~1850 cal yr BP, with an emergence of moist deciduous plants pointing to drier conditions. (5) Human activities contributed to the exceedingly high percentage ofAcaciaandPinuspollen during the Little Ice Age.

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Wang, Pingyuan, Wenjie Liu, Jiaolin Zhang, Bin Yang, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Junen Wu, and Xiaojin Jiang. "Seasonal and spatial variations of water use among riparian vegetation in tropical monsoon region of SW China." Ecohydrology 12, no. 4 (March 19, 2019): e2085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.2085.

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Mendoza-Carranza, Manuel, David J. Hoeinghaus, Alexandre M. Garcia, and Ángel Romero-Rodriguez. "Aquatic food webs in mangrove and seagrass habitats of Centla Wetland, a Biosphere Reserve in Southeastern Mexico." Neotropical Ichthyology 8, no. 1 (March 2010): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252010000100020.

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Mangrove and seagrass habitats are important components of tropical coastal zones worldwide, and are conspicuous habitats of Centla Wetland Biosphere Reserve (CWBR) in Tabasco, Mexico. In this study, we examine food webs in mangrove- and seagrass-dominated habitats of CWBR using stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen. Our objective was to identify the importance of carbon derived from mangroves and seagrasses to secondary production of aquatic consumers in this poorly studied conservation area. Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of basal sources and aquatic consumers indicated that the species-rich food webs of both habitats are dependent on riparian production sources. The abundant Red mangrove Rhizophora mangle appears to be a primary source of carbon for the mangrove creek food web. Even though dense seagrass beds were ubiquitous, most consumers in the lagoon food web appeared to rely on carbon derived from riparian vegetation (e.g. Phragmites australis). The introduced Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis had isotope signatures overlapping with native species (including high-value fisheries species), suggesting potential competition for resources. Future research should examine the role played by terrestrial insects in linking riparian and aquatic food webs, and impacts of the expanding P. pardalis population on ecosystem function and fisheries in CWBR. Our findings can be used as a baseline to reinforce the conservation and management of this important reserve in the face of diverse external and internal human impacts.

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McIntyre, S., K. M. Heard, and T. G. Martin. "How grassland plants are distributed over five human-created habitats typical of eucalypt woodlands in a variegated landscape." Pacific Conservation Biology 7, no. 4 (2001): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020274.

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A sample of 212 quadrats in grassland vegetation was collected in eucalypt woodlands in sub-tropical Queensland. These included roadside (53 sites), native pasture (109), riparian zone (20), sown pasture (16) and crop (14) habitats. A total of 350 species and subspecies was recorded of which 89 species were identified as being locally rare (native species of <3% frequency, not specialists of other habitats). Forty-three species were collected in addition to the quadrat records. Multivariate analysis indicated the major difference in floristic composition was between roadsides and native pastures, versus the other three habitats. The second axis separated roadside from native pasture vegetation, and the third axis separated riparian sites from all the rest. Crop and sown pasture habitats were the most similar in composition. The grazing practices in this region have enabled the persistence of grasslands that are of national significance in conservation terms. The variegated nature of the landscape is demonstrated by the occurrence of native grassland species across all the human-created habitats, including native species that were unique to intensive land uses. However, our results also show that intensive land uses (cropping, sown pastures) are more of a threat to the conservation status of grasslands than is cattle grazing, even at commercial levels of stocking. Species at most immediate risk are those that are sensitive to commercial cattle grazing and to intensive land uses such as crops and sown pastures.

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Amigo Vázquez, Javier, Lorena Flores-Toro, and Verónica Caballero-Serrano. "Riparian or phreatophile woodland and shrubland vegetation in the Central Chilean biogeographic region: phytosociological study." Mediterranean Botany 40, no. 2 (September 26, 2019): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/mbot.63049.

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The Mediterranean territory in Chile is an extensive area whose natural vegetation has suffered the impact of man-made activities far more severely than anywhere else in the country. Its northernmost section (the Atacama and Coquimbo regions) is characterised by ombroclimates that range from ultra-hyperarid to arid, and by highly irregular river courses with limited spaces for phreatophilic vegetation that have been exploited by humans as fertile farmlands. However, in the river valleys of the Central Chilean biogeographic province, where the ombroclimate is at least semiarid, there may be permanent watercourses that drain from the Andean mountain range towards the Pacific Ocean that contain representations of riparian or phreatophilic vegetation linked to riverbanks or alluvial terraces, in spite of the inevitable human influence. We studied the most conspicuous plant communities with the most highly developed biomass in these riparian environments, namely willow stands dominated by Salix humboldtiana and accompanied by some autochthonous woody species, in order to clarify their floristic composition and their correct ordination within the syntaxonomy of Chilean vegetation. The data collected suggest the existence of a phytosociological association: Otholobio glandulosi-Salicetum humboldtianae ass. nova, as the majority association in the Central Chilean province. Another possible association which replaces this (Baccharido salicifoliae-Myrceugenietum lanceolatae prov.) is also proposed in the transition to a humid ombroclimate and Temperate macrobioclimate. The floristic contents of these Chilean communities are compared with other associations dominated by Salix humboldtiana described for other territories bordering Chile: Argentina, Bolivia and Peru. However, given that they are all located in a Tropical macrobioclimate and their companion flora is therefore clearly different from the flora present in the Chilean communities, we propose the creation of a new phytosociological class to include these syntaxonomically: Mayteno boariae-Salicetea humboldtianae class. nova. This work also ascribes the association Tessario absinthioidis-Baccharidetum marginalis (representing a prior dynamic stage to Otholobio glandulosi-Salicetum humboldtianae) to the class Tessario integrifoliae-Baccharidetea salicifoliae.

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Leigh, Catherine, Michele A. Burford, Fran Sheldon, and Stuart E. Bunn. "Dynamic stability in dry season food webs within tropical floodplain rivers." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 3 (2010): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09107.

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Debate exists about the effects of hydrological variation on food web dynamics and the relative importance of different sources of organic carbon fuelling food webs in floodplain rivers. Stable carbon isotope analyses and ecological stoichiometry were used to determine the basal sources in dry season macroinvertebrate food webs in two floodplain river systems of Australia’s wet–dry tropics that have contrasting flow regimes. Algae, associated with phytoplankton and biofilm, were the primary food source, potentially contributing >55% organic carbon to the biomass of a wide range of primary and secondary consumers. However, many consumers assimilated other sources in addition to algae, e.g. detritus from local C3 riparian vegetation. Food webs were characterised by substantial flexibility in the number and types of sources identified as important, which was indicative of generalist feeding strategies. These findings suggest ‘dynamic stability’ in the food webs, which imparts resilience against natural disturbances like flow regime seasonality and variation in hydrological connectivity. This adaptation may be characteristic of macroinvertebrate assemblages in highly seasonal river systems or in those with high levels of flow variability.

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Galindo-González, Jorge, and Vinicio J. Sosa. "FRUGIVOROUS BATS IN ISOLATED TREES AND RIPARIAN VEGETATION ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN-MADE PASTURES IN A FRAGMENTED TROPICAL LANDSCAPE." Southwestern Naturalist 48, no. 4 (December 2003): 579–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0579:fbiita>2.0.co;2.

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Cortez-Silva, Edissa Emi, Gleice de Souza Santos, Mariângela Garcia Praça Leite, and Eneida M. Eskinazi-Sant’Anna. "Response of cladoceran assemblages to restoration of riparian vegetation: A case study in a tropical reservoir of Brazil." Limnologica 85 (November 2020): 125822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2020.125822.

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McKenzie, N. L., R. D. Bullen, and L. A. Gibson. "Corrigendum to: Habitat associations of zoophagic bat ensembles in north-western Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 6 (2019): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo19049_co.

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North-western Australia comprises the Kimberley Craton and parts of three adjacent sedimentary basins. It has a tropical climate and habitats that range from semiarid plains supporting grasslands to mesic uplands supporting woodlands as well as narrow riparian forests and patches of rainforest; mangrove forests occur along the coast. Its bat fauna comprises three obligate phytophages and 27 obligate zoophages. Analysis of zoophagic bats at 171 sites scattered throughout this study area revealed two compositionally distinct ensembles. One, comprising 19 species, occupies mangrove forest and includes three species known only to occupy mangroves in Western Australia. The other, comprising 20 species, occupies landward habitats and includes four species that are found only in landward ecosystems. Both ensembles are structured in terms of resource allocation, but nestedness observed in assemblage composition can be explained by environmental factors, implying the influence of environmental controls. Sixteen species belong to both ensembles, but seven of these require cave roosts and occur only near cavernous country while three others are confined to rocky riparian habitats. The richest assemblages were recorded in rugged cavernous landscapes in complex vegetation structures near permanent freshwater pools in the most mesic areas.

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Levin, Noam, Sarah Legge, Bronwyn Price, Michiala Bowen, Emily Litvack, Martine Maron, and Clive McAlpine. "MODIS time series as a tool for monitoring fires and their effects on savanna bird diversity." International Journal of Wildland Fire 21, no. 6 (2012): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11031.

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In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of fires on bird diversity in Australia’s tropical savannas. Bird surveys were conducted at 69 sites between 2005 and 2007 to estimate bird species richness and abundance within the Mornington Sanctuary, the Kimberley, north-west Australia. We used MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and Landsat satellite imagery to map fire scars and to quantify vegetation cover parameters, and QuickBird imagery to map the percentage tree cover. Bird species richness and abundance were higher in areas exhibiting minimum seasonal and interannual changes, e.g. in riparian areas, near water and where tree cover was high. We found a significant negative effect of fire on bird diversity following the extensive late dry-season fires of 2006. These findings support the view that intense and large fires are threatening biodiversity and reinforce the importance of reducing the occurrence of late dry-season fires, which are the most severe and extensive. MODIS satellite imagery was found to provide a cost-effective approach to monitoring savanna landscapes, assessing the state of vegetation and monitoring fire dynamics.

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Martínez-Ferreira, Sergio Ramón, Mariana Yolotl Alvarez-Añorve, Angel E. Bravo-Monzón, Cristina Montiel-González, Jose Israel Flores-Puerto, Sharon Patricia Morales-Díaz, Xavier Chiappa-Carrara, Ken Oyama, and Luis Daniel Avila-Cabadilla. "Taxonomic and Functional Diversity and Composition of Bats in a Regenerating Neotropical Dry Forest." Diversity 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12090332.

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This study evaluated the response of bat communities, from a taxonomic and functional perspective, to variation in the vegetation and landscape attributes produced by anthropogenic activities. We characterized the following: (1) the community of phyllostomid and mormoopid bats associated with the initial successional stages of a tropical dry forest, (2) the response of these communities to the variation in the attributes of the vegetation and the landscape, and (3) how the seasonality modulates such response. This allowed us to identify potential mechanisms underlying the response of bat communities to human disturbance. Our results showed that the species negatively affected by the anthropoghenic disturbance are those with greater body mass, larger nose-leaves, or a lower wing aspect ratio and relative wing loading, which perform low-speed flights and have high maneuverability and, potentially, a high directionality in their emissions. We also detected a greater sensitivity of bats to changes in the landscape attributes regarding the riparian than the dry forest, and that the effect of anthropic transformation on bats was intensified during the dry season. Then, the continued loss of the original vegetation can lead to a loss of certain groups of bat species in neotropical landscapes, reducing the resilience of the system.

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Johansen, Kasper, and Stuart Phinn. "Mapping Structural Parameters and Species Composition of Riparian Vegetation Using IKONOS and Landsat ETM+ Data in Australian Tropical Savannahs." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 72, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.72.1.71.

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Soares, Jéssica Akemi Hitaka, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de Souza, Luís Fernando de Abreu Pestana, and Marcel Okamoto Tanaka. "Combined effects of soil fertility and vegetation structure on early decomposition of organic matter in a tropical riparian zone." Ecological Engineering 152 (June 2020): 105899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105899.

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Abebe, Wubneh B., Seifu A. Tilahun, Michael M. Moges, Ayalew Wondie, Minychl G. Dersseh, Workiye W. Assefa, Demesew A. Mhiret, et al. "Ecological Status as the Basis for the Holistic Environmental Flow Assessment of a Tropical Highland River in Ethiopia." Water 13, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13141913.

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There is an increasing need globally to establish relationships among flow, ecology, and livelihoods to make informed decisions about environmental flows. This paper aimed to establish the ecological foundation for a holistic environmental flow assessment method in the Gumara River that flows into Lake Tana in Ethiopia and the Blue Nile River. First, the ecological conditions (fish, macro-invertebrate, riparian vegetation, and physicochemical) of the river system were characterized, followed by determining the hydrological condition and finally linking the ecological and hydrological components. The ecological data were collected at 30 sites along the Gumara River on March 2016 and 2020. River hydrology was estimated using the SWAT model and showed that the low flow decreased over time. Both physico-chemical and macroinvertebrate scores showed that water quality was moderate in most locations. The highest fish diversity index was in the lower reach at Wanzaye. Macroinvertebrate diversity was observed to decrease downstream. Both the fish and macroinvertebrate diversity indices were less than the expected maximum, being 3.29 and 4.5, respectively. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for 30 m and 60 m buffer distances from the river decreased during the dry season (March–May). Hence, flow conditions, water quality, and land-use change substantially influenced the abundance and diversity of fish, vegetation, and macroinvertebrate species. The pressure on the ecology is expected to increase because the construction of the proposed dam is expected to alter the flow regime. Thus, as demand for human water consumption grows, measures are needed, including quantification of environmental flow requirements and regulating river water uses to conserve the ecological status of the Gumara River and Lake Tana sub-basin.

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Buosi, Paulo R. B., Adalgisa F. Cabral, Laura R. P. Utz, Ludgero C. G. Vieira, and Luiz F. M. Velho. "Effects of Seasonality and Dispersal on the Ciliate Community Inhabiting Bromeliad Phytotelmata in Riparian Vegetation of a Large Tropical River." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 62, no. 6 (June 4, 2015): 737–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12232.

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PACHECO-F., CUTBERTO, CUAUHTÉMOC DELOYA, and PEDRO CORTÉS-G. "Phytophagous scarab beetles from the Central Region of Guerrero, Mexico (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, Dynastinae, Cetoniinae)." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 32, no. 2 (December 31, 2006): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v32i2.9389.

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From July 1999 to June 2000, 1.307 specimens of phytophagous Scarabaeidae representing four subfamilies, 11 tribes, and 57 species of the following genera were collected: Calomacraspis, Macraspis, Pelidnota, Chrysina, Anomala, Strigoderma, Cotinis, Hologymnetis, Euphoria, Golofa, Strategus, Cyclocephala, Tomarus, Bothynus, Phyllophaga, Diplotaxis, Polyphylla, Isonychus, and Chnaunanthus. The area surveyed included the Mochitlán, Atlixtac, Chilpancingo, and Tixtla regions located in the central part of the state of Guerrero at an altitude of 840-1.600 m. These regions are characterized by six types of vegetation: pine forest, pine-oak forest, oak forest, tropical deciduous forest, palm groves, riparian forest, and pasture land. The 1307 specimens were captured using fermented fruit traps and by careful examination of herbaceous, brush, and arboreal vegetation in deposits of the detritus produced by ants (Atta mexicana, Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a dead forest as well as by nocturnal collection. Specific richness for Mochitlán is 22 species, Tixtla 23, Chilpancingo 32, and Atlixtac 34; Phyllophaga and Euphoria make up 66.66% of the species, Euphoria subtomentosa being predominant. Central Guerrero has greater specific similarity with species from the high part of the Balsas Basin (southern Morelos 46%, Cuernavaca, Morelos 38%) than with fauna established on the Mexican Pacific slope (Chamela, Jalisco 30%, and Tepic, Nayarit 29%).

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Doong, Marielle Kristine, Jonathan Anticamara, and Francis Magbanua. "Spatial Variations in the Distribution of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Functional Feeding Groups in Tropical Rivers." Indonesian Journal of Limnology 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51264/inajl.v2i1.11.

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Functional feeding group (FFG) is an approach that classifies macroinvertebrates based on their utilization of organic matter food resources. Across streams and rivers, variations in the distribution of FFGs reflect the unequal distribution of food resources, which are affected by varying environmental conditions and disturbances to the ecosystem. In the tropics, the distribution of FFGs does not follow the pattern observed in temperate streams. This study aims to (1) determine the FFGs present in selected Philippine tropical streams, (2) assess the variations in FFG distributions and how the distributions vary across space, and (3) evaluate how FFG distributions are affected by certain environmental factors and habitat structure. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected in 2010 from five sites and assigned to their primary FFG based on published literature. Across study sites, the macroinvertebrates collected were classified into gathering collectors (total n = 4,640), scrapers (n = 1,670), filtering collectors (n = 1,545), predators (n = 632), and shredders (n = 270). Within and between sites, these FFGs varied significantly. Variations explained the upstream-downstream and north-south variations in the mean of FFG abundance in width and depth of the stream, discharge, temperature, pH, riparian vegetation, and habitat stability and variability. This study reveals that the FFG approach is a useful bioassessment tool in tropical aquatic systems. However, there is still a need for verification of the findings in other streams and seasons.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tropical riparian vegetation'

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