Academic literature on the topic 'Triremes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Triremes"

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Harrison, Cynthia M. "Triremes at rest: On the beach or in the water?" Journal of Hellenic Studies 119 (November 1999): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632318.

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We have been fortunate enough to witness in our own time the launching of a reconstruction of an ancient trireme. Questions about the trireme's architecture that had been debated for centuries were definitively resolved by the research that preceded the building of the reconstruction. However, certain aspects of the care and handling of triremes remain to be examined. Among them is the notion that triremes in commission were customarily hauled up onto the beach at night.
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Clark, Michael. "The Date of IG II21604." Annual of the British School at Athens 85 (November 1990): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400015550.

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The generally accepted date (377/6) of the earliest Athenian naval inventory of the fourth century B.C., IG II21604, rests upon an unsafe restoration and several improbable assumptions. The fact that a Secretary 377/6 is named as trierarch on 1604 casts severe doubt on the accepted date. Indeed, the small number of allotted triremes on 1604 strongly suggests a date before the outbreak of war in 378. The record on 1604 of an Athenian trireme borrowed by the Chian Antimachos, which is easily associated with the negotiations at the very foundation of the Athenian Confederacy, seems to date 1604 to 379/8. Thus it is unlikely that the new series of inventories began only in 378/7 as a consequence of that foundation; the absence from the Navy Lists of outstanding debts datable before 378/7 indicates perhaps a successful collection of naval debts in that year. The existence of a substantial number of newly constructed triremes on 1604 discredits the view that the Peace of 387/6 banned all naval activity in Greece. New readings on Tod 117 demonstrate that Athens continued to deploy ships during the Peace. Its terms, which were not particularly harsh on Athens, more closely resembled those rejected in 392, which did allow trireme-building, than those of 371 and later. Anyhow these laterKoinai Eirenai, like the Peace of Antalcidas, prohibited, not all military activity, but only warfare among the signatory states.
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Jordan, Borimir. "The Crews of Athenian Triremes." L'antiquité classique 69, no. 1 (2000): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/antiq.2000.2423.

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Aperghis, Gerassimos (Makis) G. "Athenian Mines, Coins and Triremes." Historia 62, no. 1 (2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/historia-2013-0001.

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Djafar-Zude, Durius. "Seating arrangements in early triremes." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 24, no. 3 (August 1995): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1995.tb00736.x.

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Djafar-Zade, Darius. "Seating arrangements in early triremes." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 24, no. 4 (November 1995): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1995.tb00746.x.

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Djafar-Zade, D. "Seating arrangements in early triremes." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 24, no. 4 (November 1995): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ijna.1995.1039.

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Holladay, A. J. "Further Thoughts on Trireme Tactics." Greece and Rome 35, no. 2 (October 1988): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383500033052.

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In Greece & Rome 37 (1987), 169–185, J. F. Lazenby and Ian Whiteheadhave made a most helpful contribution on the problems of advanced manoeuvres by ancient triremes — the diekplous and the periplous. They are surely right to reject the view that these manoeuvres involved a whole fleet moving in line ahead formation at the time of battle, even in the milder version which postulates several squadrons abreast – each in line ahead. Given the nature of the triremes' main instrument of aggression – the ram – such formations could not achieve what Nelson's breakthrough at Trafalgar did – with benefit of cannons: nor was encirclement the aim of the periplous, as Whitehead has well demonstrated.
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Coates, John. "Tilley's and Morrison's triremes—evidence and practicality." Antiquity 69, no. 262 (March 1995): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00064383.

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The designer of the reconstructed Greek trireme, Olympias, first proposed by John Morrison and now built and tested at sea, takes issue with Alec Tilley's divergent ideas and proposals about these ships, together with their practicality. The author is a naval architect.
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Robinson, Eric W. "Thucydidean Sieges, Prosopitis, and the Hellenic Disaster in Egypt." Classical Antiquity 18, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 132–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25011095.

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This paper reexamines the long-standing problem of the nature and magnitude of the catastrophic Hellenic expedition to Egypt c. 460-454. An uneasy scholarly consensus posits that many fewer than the 200 triremes implied by Thucydides were involved in the momentous defeat, yet the arguments employed by proponents and detractors of this hypothesis have not been decisive. This paper attempts to develop a better understanding of the final stages of the campaign in order to settle the question of losses. Thucydides offers the most reliable narrative of the events in Egypt (1.104, 109-10), but the compressed nature of the pentekontaetia has left us with a brief, lacunary text. Examination of the verbs poliorkein and kataklēiein and the noun poliorkia in appropriate contexts throughout Thucydides' history reveals that the words connote a tight blockade that seeks to deny all supplies to the besieged; the terms do not normally convey less stringent varieties of military harassment. Application of this understanding to the passages in question shows that the 200 triremes initially mentioned by Thucydides could not possibly have been engaged in Egypt when the siege of Prosopitis island began: a force of such size under a tight blockade could never have held out for 18 months. This conclusion is supported by an economic and demographic survey of the fifth-century B.C. Egyptian Delta, which suggests that resources would not have been plentiful in the region. A much smaller Greek force, perhaps 40 to 50 triremes, must have been involved in the final siege.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Triremes"

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Turner, Gordon R. B., and n/a. "Image and imagination : perspectives on Athenian naval influence in the fifth century BC." University of Otago. Department of Classics, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070814.155342.

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This thesis examines the Athenian navy in the fifth century BC from the standpoint of its image, in terms of perception and reputation, in comparison and contrast to its fact, in terms of actuality and truth. It investigates features of cultural history based around and arising from the contemporary state of mind about Athens� naval ships and sailors, from the points of view of Athenians and outsiders. Its hypothesis is that the supremacy of Athens� navy and the integrity of Athens� naval society in the fifth century were partly products of the Athenian imagination, and in turn gave rise to a reputation for Athens� navy and sailors that itself helped to fulfil Athens� naval and related tasks. Methodologically, the arguments of the thesis are developed 'from the inside out', as they are derived essentially from the primary sources, and then engage with secondary sources where appropriate. The approach is holistic, with source material derived principally from history, literature, art, architecture, and on-site analysis, with extensive illustrations. The thesis is expansive. It begins by examining the perception of Athens� naval supremacy and invincibility by Athenians and outsiders, and the impact that this had upon Athens� ability to achieve her naval and related objectives. It then looks inwardly upon Athens herself, in order to assess Athens� own social attitude towards her naval oarsmen and their base and home at the Piraeus. In this respect, the thesis investigates the development of artistic and literary depictions of the oarsmen of Athenian ships from the eighth to the fifth centuries, and the conclusions to be drawn from their visibility or its lack. It then considers the relationship between Athens and the Piraeus, beginning with the foundations of the image of unity before contrasting that image with the reality of naval division, in terms of Ionianism, autochthony, administration, politics, cult, and the deceit of Athenicity. The thesis then casts its net from the Piraeus across the Aegean Sea, by assessing the roles of Samos and Delos in the perception of naval Athens. Lastly, the thesis examines a topic that combines those of Athens� navy, the Piraeus, and overseas involvement. This topic is the importance of the reputations of Athens� navy and of the Piraeus in overseas trade with Athens� allies and particularly non-allies; and, including social and legal considerations, for influential Athenian citizens who wished to protect their investments in maritime loans for the transit of essential goods to Athens. The thesis concludes that the influence of the Athenian navy was indeed a product of image as much as of fact.
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Butera, Curt Jacob. ""The Land of the Fine Triremes:" Naval Identity and Polis Imaginary in 5th Century Athens." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/3132.

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This dissertation focuses on the artistic, archaeological, and literary representation and commemoration of the Classical Athenian navy. While the project stresses the various and often contradictory ways in which the Athenians perceived and represented their navy, its larger purpose is to argue that the integration of multiple and various media has the potential to change long-standing interpretations of ancient societies and cultures. Relying on the literary evidence of the "Old-Oligarch" and Plato, scholars have traditionally held that the 5th-century Athenian navy and its rowers were viewed by their contemporaries as a "mob" and a locus for citizen "riff-raff." Yet careful consideration of the vases, monuments, and buildings of 5th-century Athens, as well as the literary output of the period, demonstrate that the navy held a far more complex, and at times even positive, position in Athenian society.


Dissertation
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Smith, Anne Marie (Biblical archaeologist). "Phoenician ships : types, trends, trade and treacherous trade routes." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10344.

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Phoenician ships in the broadest sense of the word are the focus of this dissertation and it encompasses the entire period of both Phoenician and Punic seafaring. The study is quantitative, largely historical and archaeological, with the use of secondary sources as well as iconography. The origins of the Phoenician construction technique, the mortise-and-tenon joints, are investigated as well as the various types of Phoenician ships. These are analysed under the headings Merchant ships, Warships and Utility ships. The materials mentioned in Ezekiel’s prophecy about ‘The Ship Tyre’, are analysed, whether they fit the purpose for which they are mentioned. The production process of purple cloth with the use of Murex molluscs is described in detail including an analysis of the boats used to catch the molluscs. The possibility is investigated of whether the Ashkelon Dog Burials could be related to the Phoenician trade in dogs, and whether they could have served as ship dogs. Lastly the difficulties encountered in sailing through the narrow sea straits of the Mediterranean Sea are described, which are subject to Internal waves, affecting the surface water.
Old Testament & Ancient Near Eastern Studies
M. A. (Biblical Archaeology)
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Barker, Peter Frederick. "From the scamander to syracuse: studies in ancient logistics." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1740.

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This dissertation discusses logistical aspects of the Persians invasion of Greece; the Athenian need for timber for building warships; supply problems in their assault on Syracuse; and the march of Alexander's army from Macedonia into Asia. The amount of cereals needed by the Persian and Greek armies and navies is calculated from modern nutritional data and an estimate of the numbers of combatants. The location and size of the Persian food dumps; the excavation of the Athos canal; and the ships and materials needed to build the bridges of boats are considered. The Athenian need for ship-timber led to the costly occupation of Amphipolis. An assured supply of cereals was one motive for the disastrous Sicilian Expedition. The Athenian fleet was an inefficient long-range support for an army which had to protect its non-combatant sailors. This was realised by Alexander the Great, who crossed the Hellespont without naval support.
Classics and Modern European Languages
M.A. (Classics)
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Books on the topic "Triremes"

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F, Coates J., McGrail Sean, and National Maritime Museum (Great Britain), eds. The Greek trireme of the 5th century B.C.: Discussion of a projected reconstruction. Greenwich [London, England]: National Maritime Museum, 1985.

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Tilley, A. F. Seafaring on the ancient Mediterranean: New thoughts on triremes and other ancient ships. Oxford, England: John and Erica Hedges, 2004.

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1913-, Morrison J. S., and Coates J. F, eds. An Athenian trireme reconstructed: The British sea trials of Olympias, 1987. Oxford, England: B.A.R., 1989.

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Coates, J. F. The trireme trials 1988: Report on the Anglo-Hellenic sea trials of Olympias. Oxford: Oxbow, 1990.

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1913-, Morrison J. S., ed. The age of the galley: Mediterranean oared vessels since pre-classical times. London: Conway Maritime, 2003.

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Morrison, J. S. The Athenian trireme: The history and reconstruction of an ancientGreek warship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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F, Coates J., and Rankov N. B. 1954-, eds. The Athenian trireme: The history and reconstruction of an ancient Greek warship. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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F, Coates J., ed. The Athenian trireme: The history and reconstruction of an ancient Greek warship. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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F, Coates J., ed. Greek and Roman oared warships. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 1996.

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Morrison, John Sinclair. Greek and Roman oared warships, 399-30BC. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Triremes"

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Costa, Ricardo A., Gary Binyamin, Eitan Konstantino, and Alexandre Abizaid. "Devices: TriReme." In Bifurcation Stenting, 145–52. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444347005.ch15.

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Lipke, Paul. "Triremes and Shipworm." In Trireme Olympias, 203–6. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.32.

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Oldfield, Robin. "Collision Damage in Triremes." In Trireme Olympias, 214–24. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.34.

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Taylor, Andrew. "Battle Manoeuvres for Fast Triremes." In Trireme Olympias, 231–44. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.36.

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Wallinga, Herman. "Xenophon on the Speed of Triremes." In Trireme Olympias, 152–54. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.25.

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Shaw, Timothy. "The Performance of Ancient Triremes in Wind and Waves." In Trireme Olympias, 68–75. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.13.

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"The crews of Greek and Persian triremes." In Ships and Sea-Power before the Great Persian War, 169–85. BRILL, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004329171_009.

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"War, Strategy and the Transition to Triremes." In The Political Economy of Classical Athens, 76–101. BRILL, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004386150_006.

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Coates, John. "On Slipping and Launching Triremes from the Piraeus Shipsheds and from Beaches." In Trireme Olympias, 134–41. Oxbow Books, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dqmv.22.

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"190. List of sailors in Athenian triremes, 412–405." In Greek Historical Inscriptions: 478–404 BC (Revised Edition). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00294352.

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Conference papers on the topic "Triremes"

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Roddy, Robert Forrest. "Tumblehome Ships - From Greek Triremes to the Zumwalt." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2021-016.

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After almost a century the US Navy has reintroduced tumblehome into the design of naval combatants. This paper discusses some of the reasons tumblehome was originally designed into ships and why it served it owners well for many centuries. The transition from sail to steam power a little over a century ago led to a variety of problems with the combatant ships designed with tumblehome where the lack of damage stability caused a major loss of life as these ships sank so quickly. During World War I ships designed with tumblehome fell out of favor and some of the ships were actually modified to remove the tumblehome from the design. These changes in the design of tumblehome ships are discussed in this paper.
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Vardalas, John, and Michael Geselowitz. "The trireme-high-tech weapon of the ancient seas." In 2015 ICOHTEC/IEEE International History of High Technologies and their Socio-Cultural Contexts Conference (HISTELCON). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/histelcon.2015.7307317.

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Rankov, N. B. "The Olympias Trireme Reconstruction: A ‘Floating Hypothesis’ and its Successor Projects." In Historic Ships 2007. RINA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hist.2007.16.

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Reports on the topic "Triremes"

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Davies, Mark. An investigation into the absence of ancient Greek triremes in the archaeological record and a study of the battlefield deposition at the site of the Battle of the Aegates, off the Egadi Islands, to determine whether this example could direct future exploration for evidence of ancient Greek sea battles. Honor Frost Foundation, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33583/mags2021.03.

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Triremes enjoyed a long military history. However, no Greek trireme wrecks have been found, despite many thousands being built and lost. This short report seeks to explain this phenomenon. Many scholars hold that rammed triremes floundered rather than sank. I contend that there is little evidence to support this notion. Recent finds from the Battle of the Aegates (241 B.C.E.) demonstrate that ancient warships did sink, and this article examines the specific conditions of the battle which caused the rammed warships to sink. Therefore, I propose an approach to target investigations on ancient Greek sea battles of the Classical period with similar conditions, where remains could be found.
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