Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trifolium ambiguum

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Trifolium ambiguum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trifolium ambiguum"

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Riday, Heathcliffe, and Kenneth A. Albrecht. "Registration of Kura1 Trifolium ambiguum (M. Bieb) Germplasm." Journal of Plant Registrations 4, no. 1 (January 2010): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3198/jpr2009.03.0142crg.

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Williams, W. M. "Trifolium interspecific hybridisation: widening the white clover gene pool." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 11 (2014): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13294.

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White clover (Trifolium repens) is adapted to moist, fertile soils in temperate zones. Despite its heterozygous allotetraploid nature, it lacks useful genetic variation for survival and growth in semi-arid, infertile soils. Although white clover is apparently genetically isolated in nature, 11 other taxa have so far been found that can be artificially hybridised into the wider gene pool. These species range from annuals to long-lived, hardy perennials with adaptations to stress environments, and they potentially provide new traits for the breeding of more resilient varieties of white clover. The delineation of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary gene pools is described, along with a review of interspecific hybrids achieved to date. The results of large breeding programs to integrate traits from T. nigrescens and 4x T. ambiguum are reviewed, and schemes introduced for the use of T. uniflorum, T. occidentale, T. pallescens, 2x T. ambiguum and 6x T. ambiguum. Interspecific hybrid breeding of white clover has the potential to enable the development of resilient perennial clovers for seasonally dry, infertile grassland environments in many parts of the world.
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Sheaffer, C. C., R. D. Mathison, and P. Seguin. "Vegetative establishment of Kura clover." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08026.

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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) is a rhizomatous perennial legume that is often challenging to establish from seed. Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of planting date (early April, late April, and mid-May), plant material (rhizomes and rhizomes with buds), and rhizome planting density (11, 44, and 178 plants m-2) on establishment of Kura clover. Establishment of the clover was enhanced by early April planting using rhizomes with buds. Kura clover populations increased with increased rhizome planting densities. Establishment of Kura clover at a rhizome density of 178 rhizome m-2 has the potential to provide yield and stands similar to broadcast seeding. Key words: Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.), vegetative propagation
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Dear, BS, and M. Zorin. "Persistence and productivity of Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb. (Caucasian clover) in a high altitude region of south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 1 (1985): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850124.

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The persistence and productivity of 12 lines of Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb., encompassing three ploidy groups, and one line of T. montanum subsp. hurnboldtianum were compared in an elevated environment (1150 m) over a 4-year period with one cultivar each of T. repens L. and T. pratense L. Trifolium ambiguum was found to be well adapted to the cold winters and dry summers, all lines persisting throughout the experimental period, whereas the T. repens and T. pratense cultivars disappeared by the fourth year. The T. arnbiguum lines 'Monaro' and 'Kirovakan' (both hexaploid) and 'Alpine' and Forest (diploids) had the highest dry matter production. The control cultivars of T. repens and T. pratense outyielded T. ambiguum in the first year but were substantially less productive in later years as their density declined. T. montanum persisted but produced less dry matter than T. ambiguum and did not produce rhizomes or daughter plants. Ploidy of T. ambiguum was found to affect the date of flowering, persistence, leaflet shape and leaflet area. Productivity was not closely related to ploidy; however, the two most productive lines were hexaploids. All the T. ambiguum lines remained well nodulated over the 4 years, but the diploids had higher leaf nitrogen contents than the other two groups (3.4% vs. 2.5 and 2.4% N). The number of daughter plants produced was positively correlated (r=0.84) with rhizome length, which varied between lines but was not influenced by ploidy. Two bred lines, 'Alpine' (diploid) and 'Monaro' (hexaploid) exhibited superior vigour and spreading ability and warrant further evaluation as possible pasture legumes.
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Seguin, P., P. H. Graham, C. C. Sheaffer, N. J. Ehlke, and M. P. Russelle. "Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambiguum in North America." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w00-121.

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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) is a persistent rhizomatous forage legume, whose use in the U.S.A. is limited by establishment difficulties in part attributable to nodulation problems. In this study, soil was collected from established stands of Kura clover growing in 9 diverse North American environments. Rhizobia were plant-trapped using Kura clover cv. Endura as host, then rhizobia from nodules fingerprinted using BOX-PCR. The diversity of isolates from North America was then contrasted to that of rhizobia from a single Caucasian environment (Russia), the center of origin for this species. Populations were characterized using clustering methods, and genetic diversity estimated using the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. The genetic diversity of the North American populations was extremely limited, all isolates being closely related to two of the strains found in a locally available commercial inoculant. In contrast, Russian isolates formed a distinct cluster with significant internal genetic diversity. Genetic diversity indices for the North American and Russian populations were 3.5 and 10.76, respectively. The implication of this and other studies is that Kura clover is highly specific in Rhizobium requirement. If the performance of this legume in the U.S.A. is to be improved, either by modifying current establishment practices or plant breeding, it is essential that these studies be paralleled by more collections and evaluation of rhizobia from its center of origin, given the extremely limited diversity of rhizobia found in North America.Key words: genetic diversity, rhizobia, Kura clover, BOX-PCR.
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Speer, G. S., and D. W. Allinson. "Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum): Legume for forage and soil conservation." Economic Botany 39, no. 2 (April 1985): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02907841.

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Beauregard, M. S., P. Seguin, C. C. Sheaffer, and P. H. Graham. "Characterization and evaluation of North American Trifolium ambiguum -nodulating rhizobia." Biology and Fertility of Soils 38, no. 5 (September 1, 2003): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-003-0661-y.

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Zheng, W., P. Seguin, and M. S. Beauregard. "Diversity of Trifolium ambiguum ?nodulating rhizobia from the lower Caucasus." Biology and Fertility of Soils 40, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-004-0752-4.

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Baturo-Ciesniewska, A., J. Andrzejewska, K. A. Albrecht, Cz Sadowski, and L. Lenc. "First Report of Sclerotinia Stem Blight Caused by Sclerotinia trifoliorum on Trifolium ambiguum in Poland." Plant Disease 97, no. 1 (January 2013): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-12-0624-pdn.

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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.), a rhizomatous, persistent legume native to the Caucasus region, has received recent attention in North America and New Zealand as a pasture and silage crop. It is reported to be resistant to most pathogens affecting other clovers, including Sclerotinia trifoliorum Eriks. (3,4), one of the most destructive pathogens of clovers in northern Europe. Kura clover (cv. KTA202) was established in May 2009 near Mochełek, Poland (53° 13′ N, 17° 51′ E) on a Luvisol soil. By May 2011, 70% of plants grown in an experimental field (350 m2) had died, and 20% of the remaining plants were yellow and wilted. At crowns and the lower stem regions, wet, brown lesions with delicate white mycelium were observed. Lesion development was followed by death of the entire plant in a few days. By early June, only a few asymptomatic plants per square meter remained in the field. Tissue fragments of 20 symptomatic plants were surface-sterilized with 1% NaOCl for 1 min and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A fungus with morphological characteristics of S. trifoliorum was consistently isolated. DNA isolation from sclerotia was performed with the DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, USA). Amplification and sequencing of the ITS region of rDNA was performed with primers ITS1/ITS4. NCBI Blast analysis of the 542-bp segment showed a 99% homology with most of S. trifoliorum and S. sclerotiorum strains in GenBank (e.g., AY547267.1 and EU082466.1). Sequence of isolate St0211TA was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. JQ743329). To determine growth rate of hyphae, morphology, and dimensions of sclerotia, colonies were grown in three replications on PDA at 20 ± 1°C in the dark. S. trifoliorum (CBS 122377) and S. sclerotiorum from our local collection were used as controls. Mean growth rate of S. trifoliorum isolates (20.5 mm/day) was slower compared to S. sclerotiorum (32.3 mm/day). Sclerotia began to form on delicate and smooth mycelium of S. trifoliorum on the entire surface of the plate in 7 to 8 days. Sclerotial size on day 28 was 2.0 to 9.0 × 2.0 to 7.0 mm (average 4.2 × 3.6 mm). Ultimately, the identification of S. trifoliorum was confirmed on the basis of ascospore morphology. Apothecia grew from sclerotia in wet sand at 12°C after 12 weeks. Asci contained dimorphic ascospores: four larger 13.0 to 16.0 × 6.0 to 9.0 mm (average 14.1 × 7.4 μm) and four smaller 10.0 to 12.0 × 5.4 to 6.0 mm (average 10.6 × 6.0 μm), typical for this species (1). Isolate St0511TA, which most intensively produced apothecia, was deposited in CBS (No. 133234). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by pathogenicity tests carried out on 2-week-old T. ambiguum seedlings grown in pots (6 × 30 plants), sprayed with a mycelial fragment suspension, and incubated at 15°C (2). Brown, wet spots with delicate white mycelium were observed on cotyledons after 3 days. After 5 days, approximately 10% of cotyledons were killed and mycelium appeared on stems and leaves, and after 10 days, 73% of seedlings were dead. S. trifoliorum was reisolated from all symptomatic tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. trifoliorum stem blight on T. ambiguum in the field. References: (1) E. N. Njambere et al. Plant Dis. 92:917, 2008. (2) L. H. Rhodes, Sclerotinia Crown and Stem Rot Resistance, http://www.naaic.org/stdtests/scleroti.htm , 1991. (3) A. K. Slesaravichyus et al., Selektsiya i Semenovodstvo Moskva 6:21, 1988. (4) N. L. Taylor and R. R. Smith, Adv. Agron. 63:153, 1998.
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Taylor, N. L., J. A. Anderson, and E. G. Williams. "Registration of Trifolium ambiguum ✕ T. repens Hexaploid Germplasm HBC/F2‐C." Crop Science 38, no. 1 (January 1998): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800010065x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trifolium ambiguum"

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Swanepoel, Pieter Andreas. "The relationship of Trifolium repens and T. ambiguum with host-specific Rhizobium bacteria for potential incorporation into sustainable, low N input pastures." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25774.

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Research on efficient management systems to optimise Trifolium repens-Rhizobium symbiosis, is lacking in South Africa. The amount of nitrogen (N) fixed by symbiotic rhizobia in root nodules of T. repens is ultimately determined by health of the soil environment. Soil organic matter (SOM) is the main attribute that will sustain soil health as it affects the chemical, physical and biological aspects of soil. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of T. repens and T. ambiguum to sustain low N input pastures. The hypotheses of this study is that SOM can play an important role in ensuring good soil health, which supports the optimum growth and production of Trifolium spp. in low N input pastures. Four Trifolium repens cultivars were evaluated in field conditions to determine the effect of Rhizobium bacteria on the potential of the cultivars to nodulate. The cultivars Grasslands Huia, Haifa, Ladino and Regal were selected for assessment. The thousand-seed-mass (TSM) of each cultivar was measured to determine the quality and viability of the seed; and to determine the interaction between seed mass and nodulation. Mean TSM values of T. repens cultivars differed significantly, with Huia having the highest TSM followed by Haifa, Ladino and Regal. Biomass production was also measured as an indicator of efficiency of nitrogen fixation. The cultivar Huia, with the heaviest seed, showed the highest biomass production. After eight weeks of growth, the nodulation index was determined from the size, number and colour of the bacterially associated root nodules. All plants, regardless of cultivar, formed nodules within eight weeks. It was concluded that TSM had no notable effect on nodulation. Planting date with associated temperature effects and the intrinsic cultivar effect also had no influence on nodulation. It was therefore concluded that nodulation potential of the four cultivars tested was similar in the specific environmental conditions. The total number of symbiotic rhizobial cells per gram of soil as affected by soil C content and the host plant was also determined. Inoculated and un-inoculated seeds were planted on five soil treatments, each with a different level of soil C. The plant infection technique (most-probable-number/MPN technique) was used to quantify the rhizobial numbers in soil as affected by soil C content and the host plant. The mean MPN-value ranged from 8907 to 78 Rhizobium cells per gram of soil for T. repens treatments, and 0 to 436 for T. ambiguum treatment. Soil C had no effect on the number of Rhizobium bacteria present in the soil. Inoculation however, had a significant effect on the MPN value of T. ambiguum, but not for T. repens. Most symbiotic Rhizobium was detected between a soil C content of 2.03% to 3.80% in both inoculated and non-inoculated soils. The spread plate count was used to determine the total number of symbiotic and saprophytic rhizobia. This method was used to quantify both symbiotic and free-living rhizobia. The effect of different levels of soil C on the amount of atmospheric N fixed was assessed by the N difference technique. Arctotheca calendula (cape weed) served as the reference plant in this study, to determine what percentage of N is derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa). Biomass production was determined and served as the parameter to establish the efficiency of the Rhizobium bacteria in the soil. Inoculating seed with host specific rhizobia had no effect on the amount of N fixed. The mean %Ndfa differed significantly between soil organic C treatments with the species T. repens but did not differ significantly between soil organic C treatments with T. ambiguum. It was concluded from this study that symbiotic rhizobia introduced by inoculant was much more efficient in higher C content soils than free-living rhizobia, which highlights the importance of inoculation in improving the sustainable production of T. repens pastures. Although the amount of N fixed increased as the level of soil organic matter decreased, the efficiency of N fixation decreased proportionally. This explains the bigger change in soil N content on soil with a high C content. This study has thus highlighted the importance of soil organic carbon in the host specific Rhizobium inoculation sucsess, of T. repens low N input pasture systems.
Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Plant Production and Soil Science
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Smith, Thomas M. "Seed Priming and Smoke Water Effects on Germination and Seed Vigor of Selected Low-Vigor Forage Legumes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36162.

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A commercial solid matric priming method and an osmotic priming method were used to measure seed priming responses of birdsfoot trefoil, kura clover, and sericea lespedeza. Differences were not observed using standard germination tests, but both priming methods show potential for increased germination rate (P>0.05). Conflicting results for matric and osmotic priming were found in terms of seed storage potential after priming, with matric primed seeds showing higher (P<0.05) germination after accelerated aging and osmotic primed seeds showing significant lower germination(P<0.01). Birdsfoot trefoil benefited from priming, but responses varied by priming treatment, while kura clover showed less response to both priming treatments. In a field study comparing matric primed vs. unprimed seedling emergence, matric priming effects were small and these data suggest that solid matrix priming may be unlikely to improve the field establishment of either species.

Aqueous smoke solutions were also tested for effect on seed germination. Differences in final germination percent due to solution type (after exposure to liquid smoke solutions for 10- or 45-min) were not observed. Highest concentration of the 10-min solution treatment reduced (P<0.05) birdsfoot trefoil germination. Greater germination was observed only for 'Perfect Fit' kura clover treated with low or intermediate concentrations of either solution. High concentrations of 10-min smoke water increased time to 50% germination (T50) for all seeds, but some reduction in T50 occurred for kura clovers treated with low (5%) solution concentrations. The 45-min treatments had little effect on germination rates. Applying aqueous smoke solution to seeds at germination did not improve germination responses of these forage legume species.


Master of Science
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Ates, Serkan. "Grazing management of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in South Island (New Zealand)." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1338.

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This study consisted of two sheep grazed dryland pasture experiments. Experiment l compared sheep production from 3-year-old cocksfoot based pastures grown in combination with white, Caucasian, subterranean or balansa clover with a ryegrass-white clover pasture and a pure lucerne forage. Sheep liveweight gain per head from each pasture treatment and the pure lucerne stand was recorded in the 2006/07 and 2007/08 seasons. The cocksfoot-subterranean clover pasture provided equal (381 kg LW/ha in 2006) or higher (476 kg LW/ha in 2007) animal production in spring and gave the highest total animal production (646 kg LW/ha) averaged across years of the five grass based pastures. However, total annual liveweight production from lucerne was higher than any grass based pasture mainly due to superior animal production during summer when lucerne provided 42-85% higher animal production than any of the grass based pastures. In Experiment 2, the effect of stocking rate (8.3 (low) and 13.9 (high) ewes + twin lambs/ha) and time of closing in spring on lamb liveweight gain, pasture production and subterranean clover seedling populations was monitored over 2 years for a dryland cocksfoot-subterranean clover and ryegrass-subterranean clover pasture in Canterbury. In both years, twin lambs grew faster (g/head/d) in spring at low (327; 385) than high (253; 285) stocking rate but total liveweight gain/ha (kg/ha/d) was greater at high (7.26; 7.91) than low (5.43; 6.38) stocking rate. Ewes also gained 0.5 and 1.5 kg/head at the low stocking rate in 2006 and 2007 respectively but lost 0.2 kg/head in 2006 and gained 0.3 kg/head at high stocking rate in 2007. Mean subterranean clover seedling populations (per m²) measured in autumn after grazing treatments in the first spring were similar at both low (2850) and high (2500) stocking rate but declined with later closing dates in spring (3850, 2950, 2100 and 1700 at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after first visible flower). Seedling populations measured in autumn after grazing treatments in the second spring were also unaffected by stocking rate (low 1290, high 1190) but declined with later closing dates in spring (1470, 1320 and 940 at 3, 5 and 8 weeks after first flowering, respectively). The effect of stocking rate and closing dates in spring on pasture and clover production in the following autumn was similar to the effects on seedling numbers in both years. However, clover production in the following spring was unaffected by stocking rate or closing date in the previous year at the relatively high seedling populations generated by the treatments. This was presumably due to runner growth compensating for lower plant populations in pastures that were closed later in spring. Subterranean clover runner growth in spring may not compensate in a similar manner if seedling numbers in autumn fall below 500/m². Mean annual dry matter production from cocksfoot and ryegrass pastures grown with and without annual clovers pasture production ranged from 6.4 to 12.4 t DM/ha/y but stocking rate (8.3 vs. 13.9 ewes/ha) during spring did not affect annual pasture production. Pastures overdrilled with annual clovers yielded 23-45% more dry matter production than pastures grown without annual clovers. The study confirms the important role of subterranean clover in improving pasture production and liveweight gains of sheep in dryland cocksfoot and ryegrass pastures. Lowering stocking rate from 13.9 to 8.3 ewes/ha was a less effective method of increasing seed production of subterranean clover in dryland pastures although it did lead to increased liveweight gain per head.
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Beauregard, Marie-Soleil. "Characterization of rhizobia nodulating Trifolium ambigum M.B." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81246.

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Phenotypic characterizations demonstrated that diversity among 19 naturalized North American and 5 commercial Kura clover ( Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) rhizobial strains was limited. Growth chamber and field evaluations indicated the superiority of North American isolates, increasing foliage accumulation by 30% when compared to commercial inoculant strains. Nitrogen fertilization, however, produced greater accumulations in all evaluations. Genetic diversity among 128 isolates from the lower Caucasus was significant. Nodulation specificity of rhizobia from the lower Caucasus was demonstrated to be more complex than what was reported in the literature, as plants of different ploidy levels and even of different species were, in some cases, nodulated by the same isolate. Specificity of a given rhizobial strain varied depending on the isolate. This study identified naturalized North American rhizobial isolates that are more efficient than currently used commercial strains and increased the genetic diversity of Kura clover rhizobia currently available.
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Tonmukayakul, Nop. "Water use efficiency of six dryland pastures in Canterbury." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1498.

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The annual and seasonal water use efficiency of six pasture combinations were calculated from the ‘MaxClover’ Grazing Experiment at Lincoln University. Pastures have been established for six years and are grazed by best management practices for each combination. Measurements for this study are from individual plots of four replicates of ryegrass (RG)/white clover (Wc), cocksfoot (CF)/Wc; CF/balansa (Bal) clover; CF/Caucasian (Cc) clover; CF/subterranean (Sub) clover or lucerne. Water extraction measurements showed soils for all dryland pastures had a similar plant available water content of 280±19.8 mm. Dry matter measurements of yield, botanical composition and herbage quality were assessed from 1 July 2008 until 30 June 2009. Lucerne had the highest annual yield of 14260 kg DM/ha/y followed by the CF/Sub at 9390 kg DM/ha/y and the other grass based pastures at ≤ 6900 kg DM/ha/y. All pastures used about 670±24.4 mm/y of water for growth. Lucerne had the highest annual water use efficiency (WUE) of 21 kg DM/ha/mm/y of water used (total yield/total WU). The WUE of CF/Sub was the second highest at 15 kg DM/ha/mm/y, and the lowest was CF/Wc at 9 kg DM/ha/mm/y. The CF/Sub pastures had the highest total legume content of all grass based pastures at 21% and as a consequence had the highest annual nitrogen yield of 190 kg N/ha. This was lower than the monoculture of lucerne (470 kg N/ha). Ryegrass/white clover had the highest total weed component in all pastures of 61%. For dryland farmers spring is vital for animal production when soil temperatures are rising and moisture levels are high. The water use efficiency at this time is important to maximize pasture production. In spring lucerne produced 8730 kg DM/ha, which was the highest dry matter yield of all pastures. The CF/Sub produced the second highest yield of 6100 kg/DM/ha. When calculated against thermal time, CF/Sub grew 5.9 kg DM/ºCd compared with lucerne at 4.9 kg DM/ºCd. The higher DM yield from lucerne was from an extra 400 ºCd of growth. The highest seasonal WUE of all pastures occurred in the spring growing period. Linear regressions forced through the origin, showed lucerne (1/7/08-4/12/08) had a WUE of 30 kg DM/ha/mm (R2=0.98). Of the grass based pastures, CF/Sub produced 18 kg DM/ha/mm (R2=0.98) from 1/7 to 10/11/08 from 270 mm of water used. The lowest spring WUE was 13.5 kg DM/ha/mm by CF/Bal pastures which was comparable to the 14.3±1.42 kg DM/ha/mm WUE of CF/Wc, CF/Cc and RG/Wc pastures. During the spring, CF/Sub clover had the highest spring legume component of the grass based pastures at 42% and produced 120 kg N/ha. This was lower than the 288 kg N/ha from the monoculture of lucerne. Sub clover was the most successful clover which persisted with the cocksfoot. Based on the results from this study dryland farmers should be encouraged to maximize the potential of lucerne on farm, use cocksfoot as the main grass species for persistence, rather than perennial ryegrass, and use subterranean clover as the main legume species in cocksfoot based pastures. By increasing the proportion of legume grown the water use efficiency of a pasture can be improved. When pastures are nitrogen deficient the use of inorganic nitrogen may also improve pasture yields particularly in spring.
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Walker, Jennifer A. "Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb) seed production and establishment in Alberta." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/823.

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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum) is a perennial legume species that has been found to have exceptional persistence in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. There are two challenges that impede the incorporation of Kura clover into pasture mixtures in Alberta. The first is the lack of available seed, and the second is poor establishment success in mixtures with highly competitive grass species. A series of experiments were conducted to (i) address the potential for seed production in a central Alberta environment and (ii) to determine alternative strategies for establishment in mixtures. Kura clover successfully flowered and produced seed under central Alberta growing conditions. Seed production was greater from the cultivar Endura than Cossack. Kura clover seed production was not affected by row spacing however, yield was greater when clover was planted at 3 or 6 kg/ha versus 9 or 12 kg/ha. Seed yield ranged from 80 kg/ha to 350 kg/ha. Establishing Kura clover with a cover crop reduced flowering and seed production. Corn (Zea mays) was the least competitive cover crop, followed by faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Canola (Brassica napus), peas (Pisum sativum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and triticale (X Tritosecale) reduced Kura clover seed yield and are not recommended as cover crops. Comparison of above and below ground competition between Kura clover and meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii), indicated that below ground competition has the greatest impact on Kura clover seedling growth. Altering seeding rate and delaying introduction of the grass species by up to two months significantly improved Kura clover establishment in mixtures. Kura clover survival in established pastures was higher with physical than chemical sod suppression of the standing forage. Dry matter yield of Kura clover was greatest when defoliated at 6 week intervals. Challenges still remain regarding seed production and establishment of Kura clover. However, we successfully addressed the major concerns regarding the potential of Kura clover in Alberta.
Plant Science
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Walker, Jennifer Anne. "Kura clover (Trifolium ambiggum) seed production and establishment in Alberta." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/823.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alberta, 2009.
Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Jan. 14, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Science, [Department of] Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.
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Book chapters on the topic "Trifolium ambiguum"

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Elliot, R. M., W. L. Lowther, and C. W. Ronson. "Interactions Between Rhizobia Nodulating Trifolium ambiguum and Trifolium repens in the Field." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation for the 21st Century, 530. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5159-7_340.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Trifolium spp. (Trifolium album, T. alexandrinum, T. ambiguum, T. campestre, T. dubium, T. hybridum, T. incarnatum, T. pratense, T. repens, T. subterraneum, T. tembense, T. vesiculosum) (Clover)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2559–78. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_954.

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Taylor, N. L., and R. R. Smith. "Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) Breeding, Culture, and Utilization." In Advances in Agronomy, 153–78. Elsevier, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60243-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trifolium ambiguum"

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Aksenova, T. S., O. P. Onishchuk, O. N. Kurchak, E. E. Andronov, and N. A. Provorov. "Study of the genetic organization of the strain Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii forming a symbiosis with clover Trifolium ambiguum." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.014.

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Abstract:
R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains are characterized by narrow host specificity. We have identified a strain that forms nodules on several types of clover and studied the genetic organization of its symbiotic region.
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