Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trickling filter

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Trickling filter'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trickling filter"

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Chen, Yi Qing, Jian Wei Wu, Wang Feng Cai, and Ying Zhong. "Study on Treatment of Odor Containing H2S and NH3 by Industrial Scale Bio-Trickling Filters." Advanced Materials Research 777 (September 2013): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.777.330.

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The treatment of H2S and NH3 odor produced in sewage disposal process was carried out in industrial scale bio-trickling filters filled with different kinds of filler. The processing capacity per unit volume and the processing capacity per unit volume filler on odor removal performance for different bio-trickling filter were investigated. The results demonstrate that there are remarkable differences in deodorization performance between different kinds of bio-trickling filters.
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Gebert, W., and P. A. Wilderer. "Heating up trickling filters to tackle cold weather conditions." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0025.

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The investigated effects of heating the filling material in trickling filters were carried out at the Ingolstadt wastewater treatment plant, Germany. Two pilot scale trickling filters were set up. Heat exchanger pipings were embedded in the filter media of one of these trickling filters, and the temperature in the trickling filter was raised. The other trickling filter was operated under normal temperature conditions, and was used as a control. The results clearly demonstrate that the performance of trickling filters cannot be constantly improved by heating the biofilm support media. A sustained increase of the metabolic rates did not occur. The decrease of the solubility of oxgen in water and mass transfer limitations caused by an increase of the biofilm thickness are the main reasons for that. Thus, the heating of trickling filters (e.g. by waste heat utilization) in order to increase the capacity of trickling filters under cold weather conditions cannot be recommended.
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Daigger, G. T., T. A. Heinemann, G. Land, and R. S. Watson. "Practical experience with combined carbon oxidation and nitrification in plastic media trickling filters." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1994): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0761.

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Long-term data from three full-scale trickling filters installations accomplishing combined carbon oxidation and nitrification are presented. Analysis of these data indicates that the oxidation of organic matter and ammonia-nitrogen in the trickling filter can be characterized by a single parameter which is calculated as the trickling filter organic loading (expressed in terms of BOD5 or biodegradable COD) plus the ammonia-nitrogen oxidized converted to oxygen equivalents using the conversion factor 4.6 kgO2/kg NO3-N. This parameter, which is referred to as the volumetric oxidation rate and is expressed in the units of kgO2/m3-day, characterizes trickling filter performance over a wide range of process loading and effluent quality conditions. The method of analysis presented in this work differs from the one traditionally used to characterize combined carbon oxidation and nitrification in trickling filters, and its suggests that oxidation may be oxygen transfer limited throughout such a trickling filter.
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Dorias, Bernd, and Peter Baumann. "Denitrification in trickling filters." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 6 (September 1, 1994): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0267.

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National and international regulations require a minimum nitrogen removal efficiency of 70% in most public sewage treatment plants. Unlike in activated sludge plants, selective denitrification in trickling filters was not possible until now. Therefore the aim was to employ trickling filter plants for selective denitrification, using innovative technology that involved minimum capital expenditure. For selective denitrification, it is necessary to prevent as much as possible the transfer of oxygen into the trickling filter while feeding the nitrate to be removed, a process similar to upstream denitrification in the activated sludge process. In a test operation conducted in several sewage treatment plants for over a year, the new process with selective denitrification in a covered trickling filter has given successful results. The denitrification efficiency of this system is comparable to that of upstream denitrification in the activated sludge process. Thus, selective denitrification in the trickling filter is a practical alternative to other nitrogen removal processes, while maintaining the established advantages offered by the trickling filter process.
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Parker, D. S., M. P. Lutz, and A. M. Pratt. "New Trickling Filter Applications in the U.S.A." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0148.

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After falling in disfavor in the U.S. in the 1970s, trickling filters are now reappearing in new applications. The Trickling Filter/Solids Contact (TF/SC) process uses physical and biological flocculation features to transform the poor quality of the trickling filter effluent into an effluent equal to the best activated sludge system. Over 50 TF/SC plants have been built since the process was introduced in 1979. The recent development (1988) of the Biofilm-Controlled Nitrifying Trickling Filter (BCNTF) has permitted higher rate operation and rendered the process less costly than the activated sludge system for nitrification. Three BCNTF projects are now underway in the U.S.
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Parker, Denny S. "Trickling Filter Mythology." Journal of Environmental Engineering 125, no. 7 (July 1999): 618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1999)125:7(618).

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Albertson, Orris E., Robert W. Okey, Peter Pearce, and Denny S. Parker. "Trickling Filter Mythology." Journal of Environmental Engineering 127, no. 1 (January 2001): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2001)127:1(83).

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Andersson, B., H. Aspegren, D. S. Parker, and M. P. Lutz. "High rate nitrifying trickling filters." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1994): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0744.

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A two year pilot plant study has been performed in order to evaluate a nitrifying trickling filter (NTF) process within an upgrading project for increased nutrient removal. The operation of the filters was very stable without upsets due to predators. The filter microfauna was dominated by worms and the presence of filter fly larvae was limited. Suggested predator control methods like flooding or varying the flushing intensity did not affect the identified microfauna. By operating the filters in a two stage alternating series filtration mode, higher nitrification rates and lower effluent ammonia concentrations could be reached simultaneously in comparison to operating the filters in a single stage filtration mode.
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Jafarinejad, Shahryar. "Economic Analysis: Trickling Filter/Activated Sludge or Nitrifying Trickling Filter/Activated Sludge?" Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2019-0024.

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Abstract The performance and economic simulation and modeling are crucial for accurate and rapid designing, construction, and forecasting future economic needs of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs). In this study, combined nitrifying trickling filter/activated sludge (NTF/AS) process was suggested for the modernization of a MWWTP and the performance and economics of MWWTPs based on the combined TF/AS process and combined NTF/AS process were analyzed and compared. In real, the performance, total project construction, total operation labor, total maintenance labor, total material, total chemical, total energy, and total amortization costs of these proposed MWWTPs were calculated and compared. Under the used design criteria and operational conditions in this study, the project construction cost of the MWWTP based on TF/AS was 15.25 % higher than that of the MWWTP based on NTF/AS. Also, MWWTP based on NTF/AS was cost effective and the material and amortization costs for both plants were higher in comparison with the operation, maintenance, energy, and chemical costs. It is necessary to note that this study is a computer simulation for a case and drawing general conclusions only on the basis of this simulation may be insufficient.
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Kuang, Ying, Qi Rong Dong, and He Li Wang. "Study on Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal Using an Integrated A/O Trickling Filter." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 819–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.819.

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Two columns were experimented to compare trickling filter with integrated A/O trickling filter (IA/OTT) in this study. Denitrification and phosphorus removal were limited in traditional trickling filter. By designing anoxic section, adding carbon source and recycling outflow, denitrification was enhanced in IA/OTT. Meanwhile, chemical-biological methods were used to improve the phosphorus removal. It was shown that removal efficiency of CODcr, NH3-N, TN and TP were ideal. Compared with the traditional trickling filter, especially, the removal efficiency of TN and TP were respectively about 35% and 50% higher.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trickling filter"

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Guo, Feng. "Pilot-scale study of removal of anionic surfactants with trickling filter." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4080.

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Anionic surfactants are wildly used in many industrial and household applications. Because anionic surfactants are used so widely, significant attention has focused on the removal of these contaminants from wastewater. Among various treatment techniques, biofiltration, such as trickling filter technologies, has been employed in many wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs) to remove anionic surfactants. However, current knowledge of the efficacy of trickling filter to remove anionic surfactants from wastewaters is limited. The present study characterized the performance of a high rate (i.e. roughing) trickling filter to remove anionic surfactants both at lab-scale and pilot-scale. Lab-scale tests investigated the biodegradation of anionic surfactants under controllable conditions were compared with those from previous studies by others. Pilot-scale tests investigated the efficacy of a trickling filter at removing anionic surfactants from a wastewater over an extended period of time. The data from the pilot-scale tests were used to model the performance of trickling filter at removing anionic surfactants from the wastewater, using first order and modified Velz models. The lab-scale tests indicated that high molecular weight anionic surfactants degrade faster than the low molecular weight surfactants. The biodegradation rates observed in the present study were similar to those from pervious studies by others. The pilot-scale tests indicated that roughing trickling filter could remove 11% to 29% of anionic surfactants and 4% to 22% of COD from the wastewater. Higher molecular weight anionic surfactants were more degradable. The experimental data could be accurately modeled using the modified Velz model (R² value more than 0.9). The degradation rates of modified Velz model for total anionic surfactants, high molecular weight anionic surfactants and COD were 0.053±0.0057, 0.088±0.0048 and 0.119±0.0111 (mIs)0.5 respectively. The pilot-scale test results indicated that a high rate (i.e., roughing) trickling filter was not capable of effectively removing anionic surfactants in the primary effluent at Lions Gate WWTP because a relatively large trickling filter area would be required to achieve the required surfactant removal efficiency.
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Marquet, Richard. "Low-rate trickling filter effluent : characterisation and crossflow filtration." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27897.

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The low-rate trickling filter is the most common biological treatment process used in small and medium sized sewage works in the UK. It produces an inconsistent effluent quality, which has traditionally been related to seasonal changes in solids accumulation, grazing activity and sloughing of microbial film. The final effluent solids and, organic matter content is then too high for discharge or reuse. Given the increasingly stringent effluent standards, both in terms of quality and consistency, tertiary treatment is often required. This study was designed to investigate the key parameters affecting the performance of low-rate trickling filters and the characteristics of their effluents in terms of contaminant size, which might influence the efficiency of crossflow filtration as a tertiary treatment for the trickling filter.
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Mofokeng, Teboho. "Full-scale trials of external nitrification on plastic media nitrifying trickling filter." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5024.

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In South Africa, many wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) still make us of their rock filled trickling filters. Instead of using them for organics removal and nitrification, there is growing interest in integrating them with biological excess P removal activated sludge (BEPRAS) systems in an external nitrification flow scheme (Hu et al., 2000). In such a scheme, the full influent flow (after primary settling) is discharged to the anaerobic reactor of the BEPRAS system, after which the activated sludge is separated from the water by internal settling tanks. The clarified supernatant is pumped to the trickling filter for nitrification and the activated sludge to the anoxic reactor of the BEPRAS system, where the nitrified water rejoins the main BEPRAS system. This external nitrification BEPRAS system has several advantages over continuing to use the trickling filters for organics removal and nitrification, such as significantly reduced oxygen demand (~50%) and biological N and P removal on the full wastewater flow. To date full-scale studies in South Africa have been performed only with rock media trickling filters, for example that at Daspoort WWTP (Muller et al., 2004, 2006a, b). This report describes an investigation on the full-scale operation of a plastic media nitrifying trickling filter (NTF) at the 1 Ml/d Citrusdal WWTP.
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Kaya, Devrim. "Removing Algae From Stabilization Pond Effluents By Using Trickling Filters." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606578/index.pdf.

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The objective of this study is to remove turbidity originating from algae present in oxidation ponds effluents by an easy and inexpensive method. For this reason, a novel lab-scale Step Feed Dual Treatment (SFDT) process was constructed and the efficiency of trickling filter (TF) to remove algae and organic matter was investigated. SFDT process developed in this study is the unique, inexpensive and new system to scavenge algae from oxidation pond effluents. In this system, influent is first treated in a stabilization pond, and subsequently they directed to a TF, so as to provide a dual treatment. Moreover, some fraction of the raw influent was directly sent to TF to maintain a steady biofilm on the TF medium. Stabilization pond was not simulated in the experimental set-up as the main objective of the study is to observe TF ability to scavenge algae from pond effluent. To determine the magnitude of the effect of individual operational parameters (hydraulic loading rate, influent COD and chlorophyll-a concentration) and of their combinations on organics and particle removal efficacy an experimental design was followed. Experiments consistent with twolevel factorial design with three variables (23) were performed. Hydraulic loading rate (HLR) (0.5-2 m3/m2.day), influent COD (150-550 mg/l) and influent chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a) (250-600 µ
g/l) were selected as independent variables. The COD and algae removal (as Chl-a) were selected as dependent variables. Data obtained from the experiments showed that when HLR (m3/m2.day) was increased from 0.5 to 2, Chl-a, NTU, SS and COD removals were decreased, however, more than 85 % removal was attained in each case, except for COD. The lowest removal efficiencies were obtained for all the quality parameters when hydraulic loading was increased to 4 m3/m2.day. It was observed that in general removal percentages for turbidity, Chl-a, SS and COD increased considerably with the decreasing hydraulic loading rate. Highest removals were obtained at lowest HLR. The removal of algae in TF was presumably due to both flocculation (due to algal and bacterial EPS production) and degradation (through bacterial activity) of algae. In conclusion, trickling filter produced clear effluents, with less than 2 NTU, for most of the cases.
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Kölbener, Pius Josef. "Biodegradation of aromatic sulfonates - especially linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) - in a laboratory trickling filter /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11145.

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Enstedt, Henric. "Using a biotrickling filter for degradation of cypermethrin, an insecticide frequently used in Tahuapalca, Bolivia." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kemi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105079.

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The feasibility of using bench-scale biotrickling filter reactors inoculated with the fungus UBAF004, isolated from soil in Tahuapalca, for treatment of water contaminated with cypermethrin was investigated. Wood chips, gravel and ceramics were tested as packing materials for the reactors in batch experiments in small glass flasks. Wood proved to be the material on which the fungus grew best and was thus chosen as the packing material for the reactors. It was determined that UBAF004 had quite low competitive strength compared to other microorganisms when growing on wood and gravel but not necessarily on ceramics. UBAF004 grew slowly in the reactors leading to poor degradation performance. The results obtained indicate that it will be challenging to use UBAF004 for treatment of water contaminated with cypermethrin in Tahuapalca. The single largest issue is to find a way to establish a stable population of the fungus in the reactor and to protect it from being out competed by other microorganisms.

Opponent: Veronika Granat

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Kristiono, Arie. "Wood Drying Condensate Treatment Using a Bio – Trickling Filter with Bark Chips as a Support Medium." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3555.

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The kiln drying of wood produces huge amounts of vapour. The vapour is released to the environment when the process purges some of the saturated hot air. The main environmental issue regarding the use of kiln drying process are the release of the water vapour which contains organic contaminants. Some of them are hazardous to human health. In addition, there are some wood particles which may released with the water vapour purging process. In this research, the vapour is condensed and analysed for its organic contaminants and their biodegradability. The result showed that the dominant contaminants present in the condensate were ethanol and methanol with the concentration of approximately 65 mg/L and 25 mg/L respectively. The average COD concentration of the condensate was 159 ± 40 mg/L. The analysis also showed that the contaminants were biodegradable. In order to treat the wastewater, a trickling filter process using bark chips as a support medium was used to treat an artificial wastewater. The artificial wastewater contained the dominant contaminant present in the wood drying condensate. In the experiment, different sizes of bark chips were used. In addition, the loading rate of the treatment system was varied by changing the flow rate and contaminant concentration. The 30 cm long trickling filter using bark chips varying between of 2.8 – 4 mm diameter as the support medium gave a maximum removal of 36.4 % with removal capacity of 8.34 kg COD/m³bed•day at a flow rate of 2.8 cm/min and average inlet COD load of 20.4 kg COD/m3bed•day. The trickling filter with bark chips varying between 5.6 – 8 mm diameter as the support medium was operated using variations in contaminant concentration and flow rate. The operation using different inlet concentration gave the highest removal rate of 13.5 kg COD/m3bed•day at average initial load of 84.9 kg COD/m³bed•day, flow rate of 2.8 cm/min and theoretical initial concentration of 680 mg/L. The trickling filter operated with flow rate variation showed the highest removal rate of 10 kg COD/m³bed•day at an average inlet load of 53.3 kg COD/m³bed•day and flow rate of 7.1 cm/min. The removal rate of the contaminants in treatment was limited. There is a number of possible explanations. First is the active surface area, which indicating the area where the contact between the biofilm surface and feed happened. The active surface area increased as the flow rate increased. Second is the residence time of the feed in the bed. The residence time of the feed varied with the flow rate. It decreased as the flow rate increased. Third is the influence of the contaminants in the feed. The presence of methanol and methanol in the feed inhibited each other’s degradation. The dimention of a full-scale biotrickling filter to be used in actual kiln was also estimated. The estimation was made based on the maximum removal rate and optimum flow rate obtained in the experiments. The result of the estimation showed to obtain significant removal, the required bed would have to be 2.35 m in diameter and 160 in height.
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Deng, Yihuan. "Improvements to the performance of trickling filters by inclusion of alternative surface-active media." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/35988.

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Water pollution has become a global issue with impacts in all countries but particularly those undergoing rapid urbanisation such as China. The review for this thesis established that in 2015 China had 3,910 urban treatment plants with daily treatment capacity of 167million cubic metres. This treatment capacity was able to serve more than 90% of the population in urban regions. Compared to the previous 20 years, these treatment facilities represented a major improvement. However, the thesis uses recent annual environmental reports to show that this level of treatment is still not enough to avoid serious water pollution, more than 30% of Chinese rivers were classified as polluted. The main reason for this it is suggested is that most of treatment infrastructure is for urban areas and the rural areas still lack even basic treatment and rural communities represents about half the total Chinese population. The statistics reported in Chapter 2.1 indicates only 25.3% of towns and 11% of villages are connected to treatment facilities. It was concluded that this lower treatment rate was the major factor impacting on the water environment. Therefore, it is important to improve treatment infrastructure in China remote areas. The literature suggested that trickling filter (TF) technology had advantages as wastewater treatment in this type of situation namely Chinese rural areas. This thesis therefore reports on research to upgrade the TF basic processes to remove newly prioritized nutrient pollutants using novel, sustainable and easily available local media, these were; zeolite, maifan stone, recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), brick, blast furnace slag and dolomite. The media were screened using simple absorption tests first focussing on P removal and then a short-listed group tested under dynamic pilot scale. Further static experiments were carried out on this group to understand the mechanisms involved. The pilot tests used the selected concrete and brick. The best performers against traditional media controls and the results showed pollutant removal (COD, TSS, Turbidity, TOC and N) in line with previous models. The media, except concrete, however released phosphorus. This was further confirmed by batch tests with different operating conditions which found the media released P when the initial P concentration was below 10mg/l or above 15mg/l. Concrete was not affected and continued to adsorb P under all conditions (Chapter 4). It was recommended that tests using crushed concrete for tertiary treatment be carried out. Concrete was further studies by isotherm models the best fit was the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption of 6.88mg/g. The mechanism of adsorption was ionic attraction determined by kinetic study and thermodynamic models. The adsorption capacity was compared with other literature, and the results from this study suggested a larger size of crushed concrete (2-5mm) could be used for P removal as effectively as smaller sizes. In order to determine the phase of the P adsorbed, sequential extractions were carried out. The results confirmed labile or easily removed P (LBP) dominated (44%) followed by refractory or occluded P (O-P), Ca-P, Mg-P and Al-P. The literature, suggested LBP would be easily available to plants and the RCA could be reused for plant nutrient supply. Different grades of RCA in terms of their original water to cement ratio (W/C) were also tested for P removal. The study showed high W/C ratio removed more P due to the greater porosity and larger pore sizes than the lower W/C ratio.
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van, den Akker Ben, and ben vandenakker@flinders edu au. "Removal of ammonia from drinking water by biological nitrification in a fixed film reactor." Flinders University. Medicine, 2008. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20090623.160149.

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The absence of water catchment protection often results in contamination of drinking water supplies. Waters in South East Asia have been exploited to support extensive agriculture, industry, power generation, public water supply, fisheries and recreation use. Ammonia has been identified as a significant contaminant of drinking water because of its ability to affect the disinfection efficiency of chlorine. The interference of ammonia with chlorination is a prevalent and expensive problem faced by many water treatment plants (WTPs) located throughout South East Asia. The conventional approach for ammonia removal was to pre-chlorinate using high concentrations of chlorine, which has a number of disadvantages including the formation of disinfection by-products and high chlorine consumption. This thesis investigated the application of high rate nitrifying trickling filters (NTFs) as a means of ammonia removal from a polluted lowland water source as an alternative to pre-chlorination. NTFs are widely used for the biological remediation of ammonia rich wastewater, however their performance when required to operate under low ammonia concentrations for potable water applications was unknown. A NTF pilot facility consisting of one large-scale, and three small-scale NTFs were constructed at Hope Valley WTP in South Australia. The NTFs were operated to simulate the raw water quality of a polluted catchment identified in Indonesia (Buaran WTP), including variations in ammonia, biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and turbidity. Results confirmed that plastic-packed NTFs were able to operate equally successfully under low ammonia-N concentrations, some 10- to 50-fold lower that that of conventional wastewater applications, where complete conversion of ammonia to nitrate was consistently observed under these markedly reduced loadings. Results also showed that when operated under mass loads equivalent to typical ammonia loading criteria for wastewater NTFs, by increasing hydraulic flow¬, comparable apparent nitrification rates were achieved. These results confirmed that mass transport limitations posed by low ammonia-N concentrations on overall filter performance were insignificant. This thesis also investigated the impact of organic carbon quantity and biodegradability on the nitrification behaviour of the pilot NTF. Results demonstrated that organic carbon loading, rather than the C:N ratio, was an important regulator of filter nitrification capacity, where a linear decline in nitrification performance correlated well with sucrose and methanol augmented carbon loads. Extensive monitoring of inorganic nitrogen species down the NTF, to profile nitrification behaviour, showed sucrose-induced carbon loads greater than 870 mg sBOD5 m–2 d–1 severely suppressed nitrification throughout the entire filter bed. This study also confirmed that critical carbon loads for nitrification varied among carbon sources. In contrast to sucrose, when a more native-like carbon source was dosed (organic fertiliser), no significant decline in nitrification capacity was observed. This could be attributed to differences in carbon biodegradability. This research has provided new insights into the microbial ecology of a potable water NTF. The combination of fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for in situ analysis of biofilms was successful in identifying the spatial distribution of ammonia oxidising bacteria (AOB), nitrite oxidising bacteria (NOB) and heterotrophs. When the NTF was operated under low organic loads, clusters of AOB and NOB were abundant, and were located in close proximity to each other. Uniquely, the study identified not only Nitrospira spp but also the less common Nitrobacter spp within the NTF biofilm. Biofilm analysis showed that the type of carbon source also strongly influenced the biofilms characteristics in terms of biomass ecology, morphology, and polysaccharide composition, which was correlated with NTF performance. Results showed that an increase in sBOD5 via the addition of sucrose promoted the rapid growth of filamentous heterotrophic bacteria and production of large amounts of polysaccharide. Stratification of nitrifiers and heterotrophs, and high biofilm polysaccharide concentrations were observed at all filter bed depths, which coincided with the impediment of nitrification throughout the entire filter column. High biofilm polysaccharide concentrations also coincided with a significant increase (40 %) in filter hydraulic retention time, as determined by hydraulic tracer experiments. In contrast to sucrose-fed biofilms, organic fertiliser-fed biofilms had a more uniform and dense ultra-structure dominated by many rod shaped bacteria, and was significantly lower in polysaccharide composition. This observation was coupled with superior nitrification performance. This study confirmed that a well functioning NTF is a viable, low cost alternative for ammonia removal from source water abstracted from poorly protected catchments found in many developing countries. Pre-treatment using NTFs has the potential to reduce the chlorine dose required for pre-chlorination. Thereby improving water quality by minimising the formation of disinfection by-products, and improving the control of chlorination. NTFs could also find ready application in other situations where ammonia interferes with chlorine disinfection.
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Strazdauskas, Konstantinas. "Biofiltracijos procesų taikymo nuotekų valymui tyrimai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120726_163325-08936.

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Abstract:
Biofiltraciniai įrenginiai - tai alternatyva standartiniams veikliojo dumblo valymo įrenginiams. Tinkamai įrengus ir naudojant šiuos filtrus galima ženkliai sumažinti eksploatacijos išlaidas bei pasiekti pageidaujamų išvalymo kokybės rezultatų. Biofiltrų efektyvumas labai priklauso nuo naudojamo užpildo tipo, todėl šiame darbe buvo nagrinėjama naujo užpildo nuotekų biofiltracijai tinkamumas. Atlikti tyrimai parodė, kad pasirinkti akmens vatos užpildai yra tinkami naudoti laistomuosiuose filtruose ir juose gali vykti organinių medžiagų šalinimas ir nitrifikacija. Organinių medžiagų šalinimo efektyvumas pagal BDS7 abiejuose filtruose siekė daugiau nei 95 %, o ištekančių nuotekų koncentracija neviršijo 5 mg O2/l. Pirmajame filtre, kuriame buvo naudojama specialiai apdorota akmens vata, skirta augalams auginti, vidutinis nitrifikacijos efektyvumas siekė 62,2 %, antrajame filtre, kuriame buvo naudojama statybinė priešvėjinė akmens vata, skirta pastatams apšiltinti, vidutinis nitrifikacijos efektyvumas buvo 61,6 %. Darbą sudaro šios dalys: įvadas, literatūros analizė, tiriamojo darbo metodika, tyrimų rezultatai, išvados, rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas bei priedai. Darbo apimtis – 64 p. teksto be priedų, 17 lent., 25 pav., 46 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. Atskirai pridedami 6 priedai.
Biofilters are an alternative for standard active sludge treatment plants. When used and installed properly, biofilters can significantly reduce operating costs and achieve the desirable cleaning quality results. The effectiveness of biofilters depends on the type of media used, so this paper discuses the suitability of new media for waste water biofiltration. Studies have shown that chosen stone wool media is suitable to use for trickling filters and it may also be used in organic matter removal and nitrification processes. In trickling filters, organic matter removal efficiency by BDS7 was more than 95 %, and wastewater outlet concentration was less than 5 mg O2/l. In the first filter, filled specially with treated stone wool for growing plants, average nitrification efficiency was 62,2 %; while in the second filter, filled with stone wool for buildings thermo isolation, average nitrification efficiency was 61,6 %. Thesis consists of: 64 pages of text without appendixes, 17 tables, 25 pictures, 46 bibliographical entries. Also there are 6 appendixes included.
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Books on the topic "Trickling filter"

1

Matasci, Raymond N. Trickling filter/solids contact process: Full-scale studies. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research and Development, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Bell, T. R. Assessing and comparing the sustainability of the constructed wetland and trickling filter waste water treatment system. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.

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Schalk, Peter. Einsatz von Rindenfilterkörpern zur biologischen Güllebehandlung. Freiburg im Breisgau: Im Selbstverlag des Instituts für Bodenkunde und Waldernährungslehre, 1993.

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Marquet, Richard. Low-rate trickling filter effluent: Characterisation and crossflow filtration. 1999.

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Dokken, Terry E. The effect of heavy hydraulic loading of short duration on biofilter operation. 1988, 1988.

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R, Harrison John, Deis Gary C, Water Pollution Control Federation. Task Force on O & M of Fixed Film Reactors., and Water Pollution Control Federation. O & M Subcommittee., eds. O & M of trickling filters, RBCs, and related processes. Alexandria, Va: Water Pollution Control Federation, 1988.

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Water Environment Federation. Aerobic Fixed-Growth Reactors Task Force., ed. Aerobic fixed-growth reactors. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Federation, 2000.

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O & M of Trickling Filters, Rbcs, and Related Processes: Manual of Practice Om-10 (Water Pollution Control Federation//Manual of Practice O M). Water Environment Federation, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trickling filter"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Trickling Filter System." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 930. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15023.

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Pearce, P. A. "Options for Phosphorus Removal on Trickling Filter Plants." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment V, 243–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72279-0_20.

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Wang, Lawrence K., Mu Hao Sung Wang, and Calvin P. C. Poon. "Trickling Filters." In Biological Treatment Processes, 361–425. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4820-0_8.

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Wang, Lawrence K., Zucheng Wu, and Nazih K. Shammas. "Trickling Filters." In Biological Treatment Processes, 371–433. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-156-1_9.

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Campen, A. L. B. M., L. G. C. M. Urlings, and B. Bethe. "On-Site Application of Trickling Filter and Rotating Biocontactor in Treatment of Groundwater, Polluted with Chlorinated Hydrocarbons." In Environmental Technology, 624–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3663-8_79.

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Ramos, C., and M. Cruz. "Microbiological Assay of Trickling Filters." In Environmental Biotechnology, 87–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1435-8_8.

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Plaggemeier, Thorsten, and Oliver Lämmerzahl. "Treatment of Waste Gas Pollutants in Trickling Filters." In Biotechnology, 333–44. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527620968.ch15.

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Zhu, Jia, Frank M. Kulick, Larry Li, and Lawrence K. Wang. "Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Using Plastic Trickling Filters for BOD and Nutrient Removal." In Natural Resources and Control Processes, 285–347. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26800-2_6.

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Marangoni, Federico, and Gernot Krammer. "Coping with Diffuse Dust Emissions in Mining by Fibrous Filters with Trickling Water Cleaning." In Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, 159–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_14.

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"Trickling Filter." In Biological Wastewater Treatment, Revised and Expanded, 859–907. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780849306730-69.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trickling filter"

1

Edeen, Marybeth A., Michael S. Johnson, and Karen L. Nyberg. "Evaluation of Growth Media in Trickling Filter Bioreactors." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/932035.

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Li, Xiaomei, Mingjia Liu, Lvli Zhang, and Peishi Sun. "Removal of Formaldehyde from Trickling Liquid in a Biotrickling Filter." In 2010 International Conference on E-Product E-Service and E-Entertainment (ICEEE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceee.2010.5660970.

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Wik and Lindeborg. "Modelling the dynamics of a trickling filter for waste water treatment." In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Control and Applications CCA-94. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.1994.381371.

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Sharvelle, Sybil A., M. K. Banks, Eric Mclamore, Yong Sang Kim, and Stephen Clark. "Evaluation of Biological Trickling Filter Performance for Graywater Treatment in ALS Systems." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-3023.

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Peng-Yu, Zhuang, and He Yan-Ling. "Latest progress in bio-trickling filter technology for the purification of biogas." In 2011 International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Control (ICECC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecc.2011.6067993.

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Liu, Chunjing, Jian Li, Jia Liu, Shujing Peng, and Chao Li. "Rapid Start-Up of a High Performance Bio-Trickling Filter Removal of H2S." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516458.

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Chunjing, Liu, Li Jian, He Hong, Liu Jia, Peng Shujing, and Li Chao. "Comparative Study of Using Different Flow Pattern Bio-trickling Filter Treating Hydrogen Sulfide." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring (CDCIEM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdciem.2011.482.

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A. Morton and B. Auvermann. "Comparison of Plastic Trickling Filter Media for the Treatment of Swine Lagoon Effluent." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.4131.

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Zhifei, Liu, Pang Dehong, and An Yufa. "Study on Removing Nitric Oxide from Waste Gas by Nitrification Using Bio-trickling Filter." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring (CDCIEM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdciem.2011.311.

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Lanhe, Zhang, Zicheng Chen, Lidan Liu, and Li Jiangcheng. "A Pilot-Scale Odor Treatment Experiment of Hydrogen Sulfide by using Bio-Trickling Filter." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (ICBBE '08). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2008.478.

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