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Chakravarty, Shubhamanyu. "Changing medical behaviour of the tribal workers of tea industry: a study of medical sociology in some tea plantations of the Terai region of West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/346.
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Brown, Elaine. "NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBAL CHILD SOCIAL WORKERS' EXPERIENCES ON CO-OCCURRENCES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND CHILD MALTREATMENT." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/472.
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Native American women and children suffer from domestic violence at an alarming rate on and off Indian reservations in the United States. Often these families that are impacted by domestic violence are involved in the state/county child welfare system. This study was to gain knowledge about Native American tribal child social workers experiences and challenges with co-occurrences of domestic violence and child maltreatment cases. This study used an exploratory, qualitative design with a phenomenological approach by collecting data through face-to-face and over the phone interviews with four Native American tribal child social workers from four different tribes across the nation. This design allowed participants the opportunity to provide a more in-depth explanation from their own personal experiences regarding their experiences and challenges working with domestic violence and child maltreatment cases.
The study found that there is a need for state/county social workers to have a better understanding of the historic and current experiences of Native people from a cultural, spiritual, and socioeconomic perspective through effective and consistent training on the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA). The study also found, that there is a need for state/county administration and social workers to build relationships with tribal child social workers in order to provide culturally competent and effective policies and services to serve Native American communities.
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Nolan, Terence. "Clinical trial of social worker assistance in childhood chronic illness." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75376.
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Children with chronic illnesses have a doubled risk of developing psychosocial maladjustment--emotional problems, behavior disorder or difficulties in social relationships. Social work support and counselling aims to reduce this secondary morbidity, and is a common form of hospital-based psychosocial service. The first randomized controlled trial of this type of intervention was carried out to evaluate its effectiveness in treating and preventing maladjustment. This thesis describes how child behavior outcomes were assessed before and 4 months after a 6 month period of social worker assistance in 173 children randomized to intervention, and in 169 controls, all with chronic illnesses.No significant difference between intervention and control groups in the overall prevalence of maladjustment was found. There was no evidence to support a therapeutic or preventive effect of social work counselling on child behavior outcomes, nor was there improvement in child perceived competence. A search for treatment interactions failed to reveal any sub-group that benefitted from the intervention, and restriction of the analysis to individuals who actually received the intervention does not alter any of these conclusions.
Measurement problems, co-intervention, or other forms of bias cannot account for the negative results. It is speculated that if social work support is to be effective, it should be targetted, potent, of adequate duration, and possibly integrated within specialist clinic services.
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Mosman, Sarah A. "Evaluating a Sustainable Community Development Initiative Among the Lakota People on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc848222/.
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This thesis details my applied thesis project and experience in the evaluation of a workforce development through sustainable construction program. It describes the need of my client, Sweet Grass Consulting and their contractual partner, the Thunder Valley Community Development Corporation, in the evaluation of Thunder Valley CDC's Workforce Development through Sustainable Construction Program. My role involved the development of an extensive evaluation package for this program and data analysis of evaluation materials to support Thunder Valley CDC's grant-funded Workforce Development Program. I place the efforts of Thunder Valley CDC in the context of their community, the Pine Ridge Reservation of the Lakota People, and within an historical and contemporary context to highlight the implications of the efforts of Thunder Valley CDC. Using the theoretical frameworks of cultural revitalization and community economic development, I attempt to highlight two important components of Thunder Valley CDC's community development efforts - cultural revitalization for social healing, and development that emphasizes social, community and individual well-being. Thunder Valley CDC's Workforce Development through Sustainable Construction Program is still in its early stages, and so this first year of implementation very much represented a pilot phase. However, while specific successes are difficult to measure at this point, general successes are viewable in the daily operations of Thunder Valley CDC that exemplify their stated mision and goals. These successes include initiatives that holistically address community needs; relevancy in the eyes of the community they serve; support for the community and for Program participants' unique challenges; and a cultural restoration and revitalization emphasis that underlies and strengthens all of this. The program thus has the potential to provide a model for community development by challenging dominant "development" paradigms and utilizing community resources and assets for community development that reflects the community's values and worldviews.
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Bloom, Anne. "Taking on Goliath : can U.S. courts give workers a transnational voice? /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10759.
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Bartoszuk, Karin. "Randomized Control Trials." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4161.
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Mace, Rachel Kathryn. "Character on trial : reading and judgement in Henry Fielding's works." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/10893.
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To be placed above the Reach of Deceit is to be placed above the Rank of a human Being - Henry Fielding, A Clear State of the Case of Elizabeth Canning, 1753. Throughout his literary and legal careers, Fielding was concerned with the difficulties of reading and judging character accurately. He saw society as being rife with deceptive and duplicitous individuals and articulated his concerns in his writing, offering various advices to his readers. This thesis examines Fielding’s changing approaches to characterization and his proposed methods for judging character. There is a strong tradition within Fielding criticism, particularly prevalent in the mid-twentieth century, of seeing Fielding’s characters as ‘essential’, that is to say, innate and unchanging: the product of his theory of ‘Conservation of Character’. As such, his characters are often deemed easy-to-read and lacking fully-determined internal lives. Since the mid-1990s, however, critics have begun to argue that his characters are more dynamic than first supposed. While critics have noted the role of judgement in Fielding’s novels, it has not yet been explored in depth in his plays. With some notable exceptions, few studies have explored the interrelation between his novels and plays in a sustained way. I argue that Fielding examines questions of discerning character in both his plays and his novels, and that the early plays are essential for understanding the concepts which are central to his theory of judgement. This thesis contributes to studies of Fielding in three ways: by intervening in long-standing discussions of Fielding’s characterization; by analysing themes of good nature, perception and gossip which develop from his early dramatic work into the better-known novels; and by exploring its relationship to wider ideas about character in the eighteenth-century theatre and novel. Beginning with his plays, I consider Fielding’s presentation of the judgement of character in a range of his works from 1728-1753. I suggest that the early plays gave Fielding the space in which to experiment with the presentation of character and his relationship to his audience. His novels build upon concepts first introduced in the plays, such as good nature, perception and gossip, which he suggests are key to perceiving character. Fielding encourages his audiences and readers to engage with character as a process of discovery (as it is in life), but does not punish or mock them when they make mistakes. In doing so, he gives his audiences and readers indulgences he could ill afford in his magisterial career: time for judgement and the luxury of occasionally being proved wrong.
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MacLennan, H. A. "A study of the performance of office workers descending multiple flights of stairs in high rise office buildings in trial evacuations." Thesis, University of Salford, 2013. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/29452/.
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Aim: The Aim of this PhD study is to study the performance of mature age office workers descending multiple flights of stairs in trial evacuations of high rise office buildings in the context of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Method: A case study process coupled with mixed methods data collection and analysis was selected with the unit of analysis being the office worker descending the stairs. An Exploratory case study involving the reanalysis of data from a similar study was undertaken to confirm the selection of the research method. Six high rise buildings were selected varying from 7 to 36 storeys . Trial evacuations were held and data collected via survey, observation and physical assessment. Two explanatory case studies involving a Delphi group and focus groups classified the main contextual issues as the intrinsic ones of the occupant and the extrinsic ones of Stair Design and Construction, Others on the Stairs and Management/ Maintenance. The other explanatory study comprised a directed content analysis of a two extremely relevant media documents related to multiple flight stair descent. The data was analysed and findings established by generalisation where trends could be explained quantitatively and otherwise via triangulation. Results and Conclusions: Fatigue predicting descent performance ability was determined by triangulation and generalisation. Density could mask fatigue as the result of delays that would allow people to descend at more slowly. Descent performance ability for 50% of the population was 300 metres in 1980 reducing to 240 metres in 2010. The risk of falling related directly to this distance and the spiralling action of turning at each landing . Triangulation showed this action increased the risk of vertigo and dizziness as well as the impact of increased BMI and health conditions on stability. The significant (p<.05) contextual extrinsic factors were found to be stair descent risk, need for clear visibility and support from reachable handrails, trial evacuation strategies and procedures and group dynamics. There are other less significant findings explained by context and the “cause and effect directed” case study research method.
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Wallace, Rick L., and Nakia J. Woodward. "All Shook Up: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Best Promote Rural Outreach Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8748.
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Job, Sarah A., and Stacey L. Williams. "A Pilot and Feasibility Trial of a Sexual Minority-Specific Positive Psychology Intervention." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8038.
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Sexual minorities face unique stressors that contribute to worse mental health (Meyer, 2003). Positive psychology interventions may be able to ameliorate this. The current study pilot tested an identityspecific positive psychology intervention among 20 sexual minorities. Results suggest that the intervention reduced depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and anticipated discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. This implies that positive psychology interventions may be able to address health disparities among sexual minorities.
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Fordham, Kim Ione. "Trials and tribunals in the works of Heinrich von Kleist." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ52821.pdf.
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Suveg, Cynthia, Anna Jones, Molly Davis, Marni L. Jacob, Diana Morelen, Kristel Thomassin, and Monica Whitehead. "Emotion-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Youth with Anxiety Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7704.
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Difficulties with emotion regulation are a core feature of anxiety disorders (ADs) in children and adults. Interventions with a specific focus on emotion regulation are gaining empirical support. Yet, no studies to date have compared the relative efficacy of such interventions to existing evidence-based treatments. Such comparisons are necessary to determine whether emotion-focused treatments might be more effective for youth exhibiting broad emotion-regulation difficulties at pretreatment. This study examined an emotion-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (ECBT) protocol in comparison to traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in a sample of children with a primary anxiety disorder diagnosis. Moderation analyses examined whether children with higher levels of emotion dysregulation at pretreatment would show greater levels of improvement in ECBT than CBT. Ninety-two youth ages 7 to 12 years (58% male) with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or social phobia were included. Participants were randomly assigned to ECBT or CBT. Results showed that youth in both conditions demonstrated similar improvements in emotion regulation and that pretreatment levels of emotion dysregulation did not moderate treatment outcomes. Additional analyses showed that ECBT and CBT were similarly effective on diagnostic, severity, and improvement measures. Future work is needed to further explore the ways that emotion regulation is related to treatment outcome for anxious youth.
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Jackson, Denis James. "The epidemiology of HIV-1 and other STDs in trucking workers in Kenya : preparations for HIV-1 vaccine trials." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1998. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/31021/.
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A cohort of HIV-1 seronegative male trucking company workers was established in the Kenyan coastal city of Mombasa, for the purposes of preparing them for HIV-1 preventive vaccine trials. The cohort was one of only three prospective male cohorts which have published data on heterosexual HIV-1 acquisition in sub-Saharan Africa, the continent most affected by this pandemic. HIV-1 seroincidence was measured and correlates of HIV-1 acquisition, including other STDs, were examined. Results of almost three year's of follow-up, and data on anticipated acceptance of the conditions of an HIV-1 vaccine trial are presented. o The baseline seroprevalence for antibodies to HIV-1 was 17% and the prevalence of active syphilis was 4.5%. o HIV-1 seroincidence was 4.0% per annum in 990 person years of follow-up. Multivariate Hazard analysis revealed a strong association between HIV-1 acquisition and occupation of driver or assistant (HR 4.0, 95% CI: 2.1-7.9), any sex with a partner other than a spouse (HR 4.2, 95% CI: 1.3-13.6), and a trend towards higher incidence with uncircumcised status (HR 2.0, 95% CI: 0.9-4.6). No association between STD and HIV-1 acquisition was found with an observed incidence of symptomatic gonococcal and non-gonococcal urethral discharge of 18.2% per annum, and 4.3% per annum for genital ulcer disease. o There were highly significant declines in extramarital sexual contacts from 50% to 40% in three month follow-up time blocks (p < 0.001), and sex worker contacts from 12% to 6% (p=0.001), in a time trends analysis which included 494 person- years of follow-up. No significant change in condom use was recorded over time. Consistent (100%) condom use remained at approximately 30% of men engaging in extramarital sex with a partner other than a spouse. o Highly significant declines in the incidence of observed and reported sexually transmitted diseases were measured over the course of follow-up (p < 0.001) in the first 494 person-years of follow-up. In the absence of data from the general population, it is not possible to attribute these declines to the behavioural and treatment interventions of the project, but it does document that the climate is right for behaviour change, and decrease in STD acquisition, in men in this setting. o Prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic urethral infections {N gonorrhoeae, C trachomatis, or T vaginalis) was 11.5% in a cross-sectional study which included HIV-1 seropositive men, following the documented decline in symptomatic STDs. Over two thirds of infections were asymptomatic. The leucocyte esterase dipstick (LED) urine screening test for urethral inflammation had a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 82%, in asymptomatic men. The LED test was the most accurate predictor of asymptomatic urethral infection. Risk assessment on the basis of demographic and behavioural characteristics did not prove useful. T vaginalis was the most common urethral infection and was associated with older age. o Eighty six per cent of 201 HIV-1 seronegative men interviewed in a vaccine acceptability survey stated that they felt at personal risk of HIV infection, and 84%) of men declared interest in participation in an HIV preventive vaccine trial. However, 17% of men stated that they would increase risk behaviour if they pai'ticipated in an HIV vaccine trial.
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Parsons, Laura B., and John B. Bossaer. "Differences in the Hyper-CVAD Regimen throughout Clinical Trials." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2355.
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Otieno, Fredrick Odhiambo. "Use of modified respondent driven sampling methodology to enhance identification and recruitment of most at risk persons into an HIV prevention trial in Kisumu, Western Kenya." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4975.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis thesis presents research on the use of modified respondent driven sampling (mRDS) methodology to enhance identification and recruitment of key populations (KP) into an HIV prevention trial in Kisumu, western Kenya through a three phase mixed method study. The study was carried out in Kisumu, western Kenya within the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Research and Public Health Collaboration platform. The three phases included: 1. PHASE I: Identification and determination of categories of KPs and techniques of locating and motivating them to participate in HIV prevention trials.2. PHASE II: Design and Implementation of a mRDS methodology in recruiting Ks into HIV prevention trials.3. PHASE III: Evaluation of the mRDS in recruitment of KPs into an HIV incidence cohort study. Methods Phase I of the study included the conduct of in depth interviews which were used to identify different categories of persons considered to be KPs within Kisumu, identify strategies of locating the KPs and determine motivators and inhibitors of KPs participation in HIV prevention trials. Phase II on the other hand included the administration of a survey that had been refined in Phase I. The survey was used to design a mRDS methodology which was then implemented to recruit KPs into the survey. Phase III evaluated the success of the mRDS in recruiting KPs into an HIV prevention study by assessing the risk profiles for participants screened and enrolled into the Phase III study. Ethical approval for the study was sought from the ethics committee of the Kenya Medical Research Institute, the US CDC and the University of the Western Cape.The study recruited 53 individuals into phase I and was able to 8 identify different categories of people considered to be KPs and the 4 salient strategies that could be used to recruit them into HIV prevention studies. The phase also identified 8 potential motivators and 9 potential inhibitors to participation in HIV prevention research. These categories and salient strategies were used in phase II to develop and pilot a mRDS methodology in recruiting 203 individuals into a survey. The survey was used as a validation tool for the risk levels of persons recruited by the mRDS using the variables of inconsistent condom use and having multiple partners. The validated mRDS was then applied in the recruitment of 1,292 participants in phase III of thestudy. These study participants had characteristics similar to those seen in similar studies and elucidated from phases I and II of the study. HIV seropositivity was used as the variable for validating risk levels of participants in this study and this was found to be higher that that seen in general population and comparable to that seen in other KPs groups in the region. Results: Overall the study was able to identify different categories of people considered to be at high riskof HIV acquisition. The groups identified included people who frequent bars (e.g. bar workers, drunkards, sex workers, businessmen), people who work in transportation (e.g. truck drivers, matatu drivers, motorcycle drivers, taxi drivers, bicycle taxi drivers), fishermen/fishmongers, MSM and hair salon workers. The study also identified using personal contact, link persons, peer mobilisers and leaders as strategies of identifying and locating KPs. The study used the mRDS successfully in recruiting participants with evaluation of inconsistent condom use and multiple sexual partnerships showing the participants to be of high risk behaviour. Of all the females in the study, only 3.3% were pregnant. The prevalence of Chlamydia was 2.9%, gonorrhoea was 5.0%, syphilis was 0.4% and HSV-2 was 46.0%. Those who tested positive for HIV were 26.2% with 42.3% of the HIV positive participants having CD4 counts of between 250 – 500 cells/ml. Recommendations and Conclusion:The mRDS was successful in recruiting KPs in an HIV prevention trial. Majority of the participants reported inconsistent condom use and having multiple sex partners. In addition to MSM, SW and transport industry workers, fisherfolk, discordant couples, widowers, street youth, car washers and police also form part of KPs groups. The HIV prevalence was higher amongst these groups compared to general population with discordant couples having the highest HIV prevalence. The study recommends that mRDS should be used to identify and recruit KPs as it not only allows for faster recruitment of KPs, it also reduces the expense and complexity associated with coupon management in the standard RDS.
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Pagoto, Sherry L., Katie Baker, Julia Griffith, Jessica L. Oleski, Ashley Palumbo, Barbara Walkosz, Joel J. Hillhouse, Kimberly L. Henry, and David Buller. "Engaging Moms on Teen Indoor Tanning Through Social Media: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/138.
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Background: Indoor tanning elevates the risk for melanoma, which is now the most common cancer in US women aged 25-29. Public policies restricting access to indoor tanning by minors to reduce melanoma morbidity and mortality in teens are emerging. In the United States, the most common policy restricting indoor tanning in minors involves parents providing either written or in person consent for the minor to purchase a tanning visit. The effectiveness of this policy relies on parents being properly educated about the harms of indoor tanning to their children.
Objective: This randomized controlled trial will test the efficacy of a Facebook-delivered health communication intervention targeting mothers of teenage girls. The intervention will use health communication and behavioral modification strategies to reduce mothers’ permissiveness regarding their teenage daughters’ use of indoor tanning relative to an attention-control condition with the ultimate goal of reducing indoor tanning in both daughters and mothers.
Methods: The study is a 12-month randomized controlled trial comparing 2 conditions: an attention control Facebook private group where content will be relevant to teen health with 25% focused on prescription drug abuse, a topic unrelated to tanning; and the intervention condition will enter participants into a Facebook private group where 25% of the teen health content will be focused on indoor tanning. A cohort of 2000 mother-teen daughter dyads will be recruited to participate in this study. Only mothers will participate in the Facebook groups. Both mothers and daughters will complete measures at baseline, end of intervention (1-year) and 6 months post-intervention. Primary outcomes include mothers’ permissiveness regarding their teenage daughters’ use of indoor tanning, teenage daughters’ perception of their mothers’ permissiveness, and indoor tanning by both mothers and daughters.
Results: The first dyad was enrolled on March 31, 2016, and we anticipate completing this study by October 2019.
Conclusions: This trial will deliver social media content grounded in theory and will test it in a randomized design with state-of-the-art measures. This will contribute much needed insights on how to employ social media for health behavior change and disease prevention both for indoor tanning and other health risk behaviors and inform future social media efforts by public health and health care organizations.
ClinicalTrial: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02835807; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02835807 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6mDMICcCE).
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Hillhouse, Joel J., Rob Turrisi, Nichole M. Scaglione, Michael J. Cleveland, Katie Baker, and L. Carter Florence. "A Web-Based Intervention to Reduce Indoor Tanning Motivations in Adolescents: a Randomized Controlled Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/32.
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Youthful indoor tanning as few as ten sessions can increase the risk of melanoma by two to four times with each additional session adding another 2 % to the risk. Recent research estimates that indoor tanning can be linked to approximately 450,000 cases of skin cancer annually in the USA, Europe, and Australia. Despite these risks, indoor tanning remains popular with adolescents. This study tested the efficacy of a web-based skin cancer prevention intervention designed to reduce indoor tanning motivations in adolescent females. A nationally representative sample of 443 female teens was enrolled from an online panel into a two-arm, parallel group design, randomized controlled trial. Treatment participants received an appearance-focused intervention grounded in established health behavior change models. Controls viewed a teen alcohol prevention website. Outcome variables included willingness and intentions to indoor tan, willingness to sunless tan, and measures of indoor tanning attitudes and beliefs. The intervention decreased willingness and intentions to indoor tan and increased sunless tanning willingness relative to controls. We also examined indirect mechanisms of change through intervening variables (e.g., indoor tanning attitudes, norms, positive and negative expectancies) using the product of coefficient approach. The web-based intervention demonstrated efficacy in changing adolescent indoor tanning motivations and improving their orientation toward healthier alternatives. Results from the intervening variable analyses give guidance to future adolescent skin cancer prevention interventions.
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Baker, Joseph O. "God, the Bible, and Public Response to Evolution: From the Scopes Trial to the 21st Century." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/486.
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Stinson, Jill D. "Challenges of Sex Offender Risk Management in Rural Community Settings. In: Jill D. Stinson (Chair), Needs of Marginalized Populations: Rural, Tribal, and Deaf Sexual Offenders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7916.
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Nwabueze, Christian, Ying Liu, Hilary Elom, Shimin Zheng, and Ke-Sheng Wang. "Prevalence and Correlates of Major Depressive Disorder Among Opiod Dependent Patients: Finding from a Randomized Clinical Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/120.
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Background: The United States is currently experiencing an epidemic of opioid abuse. Individuals with opioid dependence may also have major depressive disorder (MDD) as a co-morbid state. MDD is one of the commonest mental health problems in the United States, affecting approximately 7% of the adult population. The relationship between opioid dependence and MDD and the factors that correlate with them have not been fully investigated. This study is designed to evaluate the prevalence of MDD and its associations with risk factors and health conditions such as age, race, sex, liver problems, anxiety, bipolar disorders, hypertension, heart diseases, neurologic damage, head injury and alcohol in opioid dependent patients. Method: The study population comprises of 1646 opioid dependent patients from the National Drug Abuse Treatment Trial Network (CTN) - CTN 0027. Baseline information on sex, age, race, liver disease, bipolar disorder, anxiety, neurologic damage, heart disease, hypertension, alcohol dependence, allergies, gastrointestinal problems and head injury were collected. Data analysis was done using univariate and multiple logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of MDD among patients with opioid dependence was 28.3% (22.8% for males and 39.5% for females). The prevalence initially increased with increasing age stratum but declined after age 50 years with the highest prevalence in the age 36 – 49years group. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that MDD in opioid dependent patients was significantly associated with being female (OR =1.83, 95%CI = 1.32 -2.55; p = 0.003), liver disease (OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.15 - 2.34, p = 0.006), anxiety (OR = 6.12, 95%CI = 4.44 - 8.44, p
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Choski, Charvi, Kesheng Wang, Ying Liu, Olakunle Oni, Youssoufou Ouedraogo, and Shimin Zheng. "Effects of Buprenorphine and Methadone on Hypertension in Patients with Opioid Dependence: a Randomized Clinical Trial Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/326.
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Background: The misuse and addiction to opioids are one of the major health and social problem that is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Both Buprenorphine (BUP) and Methadone (MET) are FDA-approved treatments for opioid dependence. This longitudinal study is to determine the effects of BUP and MET on hypertension in patients with opioid dependence using a Generalized Estimating Equation(GEE) Model. Methods: The data is from National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical TrialsNetwork (CTN) protocol CTN-0027. This is a randomized study of 1,934 opioid dependence participants seeking treatment that followed for up to 32 weeks. A total of1,284 males and 631 females participated at the Baseline (visit1) of the study. At the endof 32 weeks (10 visits), 499 males and 243 female patients completed the study. Blood pressure of all the patients was checked at every visit beginning visit 1 to visit 10. For this analysis, the dependent variable was hypertension which was defined as having asystolic blood pressure higher than 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure higher than 90 mmHg. These participants were randomly assigned to receive BUP (n= 740) or MET (n= 529). The GEE model with exchangeable correlation was used to determine the efficacy of both the drugs on hypertension. The analysis was performed using PROCGENMOD in SAS 9.4. Results: Time increased the odds of hypertension (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.06, pConclusion: Findings suggest that BUP had a slightly less chance of causing hypertension among patients with opioid dependence comparing with MET controlling for other risk factors, but neither one of Page 54 2017 Appalachian Student Research Forum them had any significant effect on hypertension among patients with opioid dependence. Further analysis will be essential to detect gender x treatment interaction.
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Littleton, Heather, Amie E. Grills, Katherine D. Kline, Alexander M. Schoemann, and Julia Dodd. "The From Survivor to Thriver Program: RCT of an Online Therapist-Facilitated Program for Rape-Related PTSD." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7326.
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This study evaluated the efficacy of the From Survivor to Thriver program, an interactive, online therapist-facilitated cognitive-behavioral program for rape-related PTSD. Eighty-seven college women with rape-related PTSD were randomized to complete the interactive program (n = 46) or a psycho-educational self-help website (n = 41). Both programs led to large reductions in interview-assessed PTSD at post-treatment (interactive d = 2.22, psycho-educational d = 1.10), which were maintained at three month follow-up. Both also led to medium- to large-sized reductions in self-reported depressive and general anxiety symptoms. Follow-up analyses supported that the therapist-facilitated interactive program led to superior outcomes among those with higher pre-treatment PTSD whereas the psycho-educational self-help website led to superior outcomes for individuals with lower pre-treatment PTSD. Future research should examine the efficacy and effectiveness of online interventions for rape-related PTSD including whether treatment intensity matching could be utilized to maximize outcomes and therapist resource efficiency.
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Carter, Nakia J., Rick L. Wallace, and Kefeng (Maylene) Qiu. "Blending Phone Contacts and Site Visits to Promote Rural Outreach Services: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Usage." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8750.
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Objective: The East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine Library (ETSUQCOML) wanted to determine if the introduction of phone calls to an existing outreach visit increased the usage of the ETSUQCOML’s services.
Methods: Eight hospitals and sixteen clinics were chosen to participate. Two site visits were made a month to each participating institution. A total of two phone calls and two emails a month were given to multiple contacts in the hospital or clinic. The hospitals and clinics were randomized to determine which received the phone call intervention. Interlibrary loan statistics and reference search statistics were then analyzed to determine if there was a statistically significant difference. The data were also analyzed to determine if the intervention was more successful in hospitals or clinics.
Results: Librarians learned to what degree email and phone calls could be substituted for personal visits in an outreach service as a means of maintaining it and not experiencing a decline in service requests.
Conclusions: In today’s economic times, it is important to maintain services to underserved health care providers but to do it in the most cost effective manner. This study has provided helpful data as to the possibility of substituting less expensive contacts such as emails or phone calls for more expensive ones such as face-to-face visits in order to sustain an outreach service. The authors are looking to extend this project to multiple end-points such as six months, nine months, and one year to determine sustainability.
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Buller, David B., Barbara J. Walkosz, Julia Berteletti, Sherry L. Pagoto, Jessica Bibeau, Katie Baker, Kimberly L. Henry, and Joel J. Hillhouse. "Insights on HPV Vaccination in the United States from Mothers' Comments on Facebook Posts in a Randomized Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7790.
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In the United States, parents' health beliefs affect HPV vaccination decisions for children. Our team acquired insights into mothers' health beliefs from their reactions and comments to posts on HPV vaccination in a social media adolescent health campaign in a randomized trial (n = 881 mothers; 63.1% reported daughters had 1+ doses of the HPV vaccine) evaluating communication intended to reduce daughters' indoor tanning. A total of 10 HPV vaccination messages in didactic (n = 7) and narrative (n = 3) formats were posted on vaccination need, uptake, and effectiveness and stories of young women who died from cervical cancer and a mother's decision to vaccinate her daughters. These posts received 28 reactions (like, love, and sad buttons; mean = 2.8 per post) and 80 comments (mean = 8.0 per post). More comments were favorable (n = 43) than unfavorable (n = 34). Data was not collected on views for posts. The most common favorable comment reported that daughters were vaccinated (n = 31). Unfavorable comments cited safety concerns, lack of physician support, distrust of pro-vaccine sources, and increased sexual activity of daughters. Mothers posting unfavorable (18.2%) as opposed to favorable (78.6%) comments or not commenting (64.0%) were less likely to have had their daughters vaccinated (chi-square = 22.27, p < 0.001). Favorable comments often did not state reasons for vaccinating. Concerns about lack of vaccine safety remain a barrier. Mothers may express distrust in pro-vaccine sources to reduce discomfort with not vaccinating daughters to reduce their risk for HPV infection. Many mothers who remained silent had vaccinated daughters, which suggests they did not resisit HPV vaccination.
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Osorio, Véliz Rosa Valeria, and Fuentes Diego Castillo. "The equally satisfactory process of amparo: Implications of the preceding claims Elgo Rios in replacement workers in the private sector." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123409.
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This article analyzes the content of the judgment Elgo Rios, to see if really that judgment represents a change of direction before the criteria handled by the Constitutional Court. This will explain the implications of procedural rules implemented for the recruitment in the private system over the previous precedent governing the origin of labor protection, that is, the judgment on the record 206-2005-PA, the precedent Baylon.El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el contenido de la sentencia Elgo Ríos, para verificar si realmente dicha sentencia representa un cambio de dirección a los criterios antes manejados por el Tribunal Constitucional. Así se explicará las implicancias de las reglas procesales implementadas para el caso de la contratación en el régimen privado con respecto del anterior precedente que regía la procedencia del amparo laboral. Esto es, la sentencia recaída en el expediente 206-2005-PA, el precedente Baylón.
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Hudson, Tina M., Lori J. Marks, and Kimberly Hale. "Trials and Tribulations of Implementing Evidence-based Writing Practices in Rural Elementary Classrooms." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3532.
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Teachers in rural regions need access to professional development in pedagogical skills and curriculum to improve writing of students at-risk. Presenters describe research that examined effects of professional development in two evidence-based practices. Sample teaching materials for students with diverse learning needs will be shared.
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Qi, Meiling. "Effects of Tai Chi Combined with Thera-Band Training on Physical Fitness, Psychological Wellbeing, and Pain in Older Sedentary Office Workers: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/384938.
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Insufficient physical activity is widespread amongst older office workers and has adverse effects on their physical fitness and psychological wellbeing, as well as being a cause of pain and of pain intolerance. Health challenges in older office workers may have an impact on their work productivity, quality of life, and involvement in the workplace. Differing exercise interventions have been employed to improve older workers’ health conditions, with Tai Chi being reported to be a suitable physical activity intervention for this purpose. Tai Chi appears to improve older adults’ physical function and psychological wellbeing, and to reduce pain in older adults. Additionally, many studies have found the benefits of resistance training in the workplace for older adults, especially for work-related pain issues. However, a systematic review found that few studies have examined the use of combined Tai Chi and resistance training to improve the physical function of older adults, and there is a lack of studies regarding the effects of this combined programme on psychological wellbeing and pain. Further to this, no study has examined the use of Tai Chi combined with resistance training in older office workers. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a 12-week Tai Chi combined with resistance training programme in improving physical fitness and psychological wellbeing, and in reducing pain in older office workers. This programme was compared to a Tai Chi exercise only programme in a group of 40 older office workers (i.e., ≥ 55 years) who engaged in less than 60 minutes of accumulated moderate intensity physical activity per week and were employed by a university in Australia. A pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) design was applied in this study. The first 10 movements of the 24-step simplified Tai Chi was chosen for use in this study, combined with Thera-band training using the hands. Prior to the pilot RCT study, an online survey was conducted to investigate the physical activity involvement, psychological wellbeing, and pain of older office workers aged 55 years and older, which could provide an insight into the physical activity intervention and workplace health promotion. The online survey reported that 27.3% of the older office workers had low levels of physical activity. Also, depression and anxiety were identified as two common major health issues in older office workers. In the pilot RCT study, 40 office workers aged 55 years and older, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as provided signed consent forms, were randomly allocated into either the Tai Chi combined with Thera-band training (intervention) group or the Tai Chi exercise only (control) group. Outcome assessments were conducted at baseline, week 6, and week 12, using the 30-Second Chair Stand Test for lower limb strength, Grip Strength Test for upper limb strength, Function Reach Test for balance, 2-Minute Walk Test for walking endurance, Perceived Stress Scale for stress, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for depression, Geriatric Anxiety Inventory for anxiety, and Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The majority of the participants were female (77.5%), had achieved a higher education qualification (55%), worked full-time (77.5%), were married (62.5%), and recorded as being right-handed (92.5%). A significant difference in pain at baseline was found among participants in the control and intervention groups (p < 0.05). Nine out of the 40 participants withdrew their participation during the study. An overall average attendance rate of 66.7% was recorded across the 40 participants, with 64.3% in the intervention group and 69.1% in the control group. After adjusting for the baseline pain scores and the attendance rate, analysis of data found that there was a statistically significant interaction between intervention type and time with anxiety scores (p = 0.04) and pain scores (p = 0.02). In addition, there were significant differences between groups in the improvement of lower limb strength (p = 0.01) and right upper limb strength (p = 0.04). No significant differences were found in other outcomes; however, the odds ratio estimation indicated that a higher percentage of participants in the intervention group had improvement in balance and walking endurance, and reduction in stress and depression compared with the control group. This study is the first known trial to test the effectiveness of Tai Chi combined with Thera-band training for health promotion in older sedentary office workers when compared to Tai Chi exercise only, with regard to physical fitness, psychological wellbeing, and pain. This study suggested that Tai Chi combined with Thera-band training has the potential to improve lower limb strength and upper limb strength compared to Tai Chi exercise only in older sedentary office workers. Limitations and recommendations from this study may be helpful in designing a large-scale RCT study regarding the effects of the Tai Chi combined with Thera-band training programme on health promotion in older office workers.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Griffith Health
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Rosenblum, Katherine L., Maria Musik, Diana M. Morelen, Emily A. Alfalfa, Nicole Miller, Rachel Waddell, Melisa M. Schuster, and Julie Ribaudo. "Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial of Mom Power Parenting Intervention for Mothers with Interpersonal Trauma Histories and their Young Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7705.
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We conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of Mom Power, a multifamily parenting intervention to improve mental health and parenting among high-risk mothers with young children in a community-based randomized controlled trial (CB-RCT) design. Participants (N = 122) were high-risk mothers (e.g., interpersonal trauma histories, mental health problems, poverty) and their young children (age <6 years), randomized either to Mom Power, a parenting intervention (treatment condition), or weekly mailings of parenting information (control condition). In this study, the 13-session intervention was delivered by community clinicians trained to fidelity. Pre- and post-trial assessments included mothers’ mental health symptoms, parenting stress and helplessness, and connection to care. Mom Power was delivered in the community with fidelity and had good uptake (>65%) despite the risk nature of the sample. Overall, we found improvements in mental health and parenting stress for Mom Power participants but not for controls; in contrast, control mothers increased in parent-child role reversal across the trial period. The benefits of Mom Power treatment (vs. control) were accentuated for mothers with interpersonal trauma histories. Results of this CB-RCT confirm the effectiveness of Mom Power for improving mental health and parenting outcomes for high-risk, trauma-exposed women with young children.
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Mims, Pamela J. "A Technology and Systematic Instruction Based Approach to Teaching Grade Aligned ELA Skills: Results from a Year Long Randomized Control Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/168.
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Bazyler, Caleb D., Michael C. Zourdos, Bong-Sup Park, Lee Sang-Rok, Lynn B. Panton, and Jeong-Su Kim. "The Effects of a Sub-Maximal Warm-up on Endurance Performance in Trained Male Runners during a 30-Minute Time Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3827.
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Boltena, Sisay Sinamo. "Effectiveness of a Complementary Feeding Promotion Program for Care givers of Infants Using Trained Agriculture Extension Workers in a Rural Area of Ethiopia: A Randomized Control Trial." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5895.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (School of Public Health)Complementary feeding practices are often inadequate in developing countries resulting in a significant decline in the nutritional status in children between 6 and 24 months of age. In 2011, only 4% of mothers in Ethiopia who were breast feeding gave their children 6 to 23 months of age from four or more food groups daily (CSA 2011). Despite Agriculture Extension Workers (AEWs) involvement in livestock and crops production, they were not involved in improving complementary feeding for infants and young children. This study assessed the effectiveness of using AEWs in addition to existing Health Extension Workers (HEWs), to promote complementary feeding practices and improve infants' nutritional status in Wonchi Woreda, Oromia region of southwestern Ethiopia.
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Tavares, Daniela Sanches. ""O sofrimento no trabalho entre servidores públicos: uma análise psicossocial do contexto de trabalho em um Tribunal Judiciário Federal"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-20032004-083408/.
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Objetivo. Descrever e analisar a representação social do sofrimento no trabalho entre um grupo de servidores de um Tribunal Judiciário Federal. Metodologia. Com base em estudo exploratório, construiu-se o roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada, abordando os seguintes principais tópicos: a) caracterização profissional; b) descrição do trabalho; c) sofrimento no trabalho -como o define, explica e sente; d) expectativas profissionais. Foram entrevistadas 37 pessoas, dentre as quais dirigentes e servidores de 15 setores. Resultados. A representação social do sofrimento no trabalho foi organizada em 3 agrupamentos de sentido: 1) Elementos constitutivos: injustiça no ambiente de trabalho, volume cumulativo de trabalho, não reconhecimento pelo trabalho, falta de autonomia, estagnação profissional (angústia da 'estaca-zero'), opressão por parte de superiores; 2) Elementos moderadores: critérios explícitos de concessão de gratificações, relações sociais positivas no ambiente de trabalho, aprendizado no trabalho, gerenciamento adequado do volume de trabalho por parte de dirigentes, estratégias de enfrentamento (distanciamento afetivo das causas dos processos, descomprometimento com o trabalho, busca de outras oportunidades dentro da instituição por meio de contatos pessoais, estudar para ingressar em carreiras jurídicas como a magistratura, investir afetiva e intelectualmente em dimensões da vida extra-trabalho); 3) Expressões do sofrimento: medo, sentimento de auto-desvalorização, desesperança e desalento, contaminação do pensamento e do sono por conteúdos do trabalho, adoecimentos somato-psicológicos. Considerações finais. Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam que as categorias do sofrimento no trabalho mantêm relação com a frustração das necessidades humanas e das expectativas profissionais dos servidores. Foi enfatizada a importância do conhecimento prático para as ações de promoção de saúde no trabalho.Objective. To describe and analyze the social representation of suffering at work among a group of employees at a Federal Judicial court. Methodology. Based on an exploratory survey, a semi-structured interview script was drafted so as to broach the following key issues: a) professional description; b) job description; c) suffering at work - how does the worker define it, explain it and feel it; d) professional expectations. A total of 37 people were interviewed, including managers and workers from 15 sectors. Results. The social representation of suffering at work was organized into 3 meaning clusters: 1) Defining features: unfairness in the workplace, cumulative workload, lack of recognition for work performed, lack of autonomy, professional stagnation ('square one' anguish), overbearing bosses; 2) Mitigating features: explicit criteria for awarding gratifications, positive social relations in the workplace, learning on the job, adequate workload management by bosses, coping strategies (affective distancing from the causes of the processes, lack of commitment to the work, pursuit of other opportunities within the institution through personal contacts, studying so as to embark on legal careers such becoming a judge, affective and intellectual engagement in outside-work dimensions of life); 3) Expressions of suffering: fear, low feeling of self-worth, despair and hopelessness, contamination of thoughts and sleep by work contents, psychosomatic ailments. Final comments. The results of this study show that the categories of suffering at work are related to frustration of human needs and workers professional expectations. Emphasis is given to the importance of practical knowledge for carrying out health-promotion actions in the workplace.
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Siabani, Soraya. "Efficacy of an educational strategy involving community health volunteers in self-care of patients with chronic heart failure in western Iran: a three-arm randomized controlled trial." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12684.
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Objectives The main aim was to assess the efficacy of a low-cost educational strategy involving community health volunteers (CHVs) in improving self-care in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), compared with a formal educational strategy and a control group receiving current care. Methods This thesis reports on three sub-studies: first, a validation study of the pSCHFI -an instrument designed to measure self-care in patients with cardiac failure- using expert opinion, confirmatory factor analysis (for validity) and Cronbach's α coefficient (for reliability); second, a cross sectional study of 231 patients with CHF admitted to a referral center for cardiovascular disease in western Iran between 2010 and 2012 and who met inclusion criteria; and finally a three-arm randomized controlled trial (a control group, a face-to-face education program by community health volunteers (CHVs) at the patients’ homes, and a formal education program using the paid formal health professionals (FHPs) at the hospital). Conclusion Baseline data showed that the self-care scales (maintenance, management and confidence) were sub-optimal. Self-care scales increased in both interventional groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). Differences between the two strategies, however, were not significant, except for self-care confidence being greater in the FHPs group (p = 0.004).
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Baker, Joseph O. "Book Review of Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribes: Finding Religion in Everyday Life by Nancy T. Ammerman." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/503.
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Ames, Sarah. "Tribes of Louis : families, communities and secret societies in the works of Robert Louis Stevenson." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7831.
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If the Victorians privileged the idea of ‘the family’ and the domestic configuration, what, then, was the position of unrelated groups, quasi-families and outsiders? While mid-Victorian literature widely praised or denigrated the reputation of the family, Stevenson’s works take a different standpoint. Throughout Stevenson’s oeuvre we encounter families which are falling apart and unrelated, family-like groups which take their place: Stevenson’s writing features clubs, clans and secret societies. Recent Stevenson criticism associates the problematic family relations depicted in his texts with biographical details, such as the tempestuous relationship the writer had with his father. Yet this thesis offers a reassessment of the kinship relations in Stevenson’s works. It argues that Stevenson’s writing does not focus on domestic quarrels, but prioritises families which are not related. It asks what it means to be a member of a family which is not familial or a non-family group which is like a family. Is it possible to be both a member of a family and to be without kin? Stevenson’s works are characterised by strange and estranged family groups; it is by stepping outside of the Victorian family that characters in Stevenson’s works experience the familial. The chapters in this thesis survey a range of social groups in Stevenson’s works, all of which take on a quasi-familial form. The first chapter considers the fin-de-siècle writing world and Stevenson’s own position in London’s family-like clubland relations, which both rejected and replicated the family form. The following two chapters go on to explore the role of exile and outsiders in kinship groups. Chapter 2 looks at David Balfour’s extra-familial adventures in Kidnapped and the clan groups he encounters. The importance of the outsider to kinship is proposed in Chapter 3, which considers island communities in Stevenson’s South Pacific writings and the role of taboo as a method of social organisation. The final two chapters consider the appropriation of familial relations by the secret society. In Chapter 4 we encounter the Otherness between the brothers in The Master of Ballantrae and the similar relations of inequality in the Fenian Brotherhood in The Dynamiter; here, fraternal relations have been adopted by the political secret society. Chapter 5 explores this relationship between family and secret society in The Dynamiter further: it considers the female characters in the text and the crossovers and exchanges between domestic family life and political fraternity. These familial groups are characterised by difference, Otherness and exclusion; Stevenson’s works reconsider family relations and recognise the strangeness of social groups.
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Pfund, Rory A., Samuel C. Peter, James P. Whelan, Andrew W. Meyers, and Meredith K. Ginley. "Is There a Dose-Outcome Relation in Face-to-Face Psychological Treatments for Gambling Disorder? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8901.
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Paula, Viviane de. "Análise da categoria mediação na prática profissional do assistente social das varas da família e sucessões do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17762.
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This dissertation analyzes the category mediation in the professional practice of social worker district Family Court of the São Paulo Court of Justice, Circuit Famuly Court. The proposition of the research is to understanding the social studies, wich materialize through the issued reports and opinions, mediating structures that allow overcoming the immediate, dialectically articulation the singularity-particularityuniversality triad in order to situate the subject of Right involved in disputes in the Family Court, in a social and historical context, whose determinations reverberate in how they establish the family organizations that are pervaded by social relations, coming from capitalist mode of production. The reports and opinions are important tools both to legitimeze the production of knowledge in the area of Social Services, as to affirm their use in securing and enforcing rights, and say a lot about the professionals who design them, both to affirm the ethical-political project of the profession, as to substantiate a conservative pratica that shifts the social issue for the individual s perspective. In this sense, professional practice takes place as objectified or mere instrumental reason work?
A presente dissertação analisa a categoria mediação na prática profissional do assistente social nas Varas da Família e Sucessões do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo, comarca da capital. A proposição da pesquisa é apreender nos estudos sociais realizados, que se materializam, por meio dos laudos e pareceres emitidos, construções mediativas, que permitam a superação do imediato, articulando dialeticamente a tríade singularidade-particularidade-universalidade, de forma a situar os sujeitos de direito envolvidos nos litígios da Vara da Família e Sucessões, num contexto social e histórico, cujas determinações reverberam na forma como se estabelecem as organizações familiares que são perpassadas pelas relações sociais, oriundas do modo de produção capitalista. Os laudos e pareceres tornamse importantes instrumentos tanto para legitimar a produção de conhecimento, na área de Serviço Social, quanto para afirmar a sua utilização na garantia e efetivação de direitos, e dizem muito sobre os profissionais que os elaboram, tanto no sentido de afirmar o projeto ético-político da profissão, quanto para consubstanciar uma prática conservadora que desloca a questão social para uma perspectiva do indivíduo. Neste sentido, a prática profissional se realiza como trabalho objetivado ou mera razão instrumental?
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Costa, Evelyn Fabiana. "Promoção da atividade física no Sistema Único de Saúde tendo como promotores os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-01122015-120733/.
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Objetivo: Avaliar uma intervenção para a promoção da atividade física (AF) por meio de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) em adultos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Essa tese foi composta por três manuscritos, sendo um de revisão sistemática e dois provenientes de um estudo de intervenção não randomizado e controlado, realizado no distrito de Ermelino Matarazzo, extremo leste de São Paulo, SP, nos meses de abril a dezembro de 2011. Participaram do estudo os ACS e as pessoas atendidas nas áreas de cobertura das equipes de ESF de duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS). Foi realizada intervenção para promoção da AF por meio de visitas domiciliares composta por um processo de formação em educação profissional, vivências de AF e encontros mensais para acompanhamento. O processo educativo foi realizado em quatro encontros semanais de três horas cada durante um mês, com 30 ACS de uma das UBS (grupo intervenção). Foram sorteados 176 adultos usuários do SUS (18 anos, sendo 90 da UBS/intervenção e 86 da UBS/controle, onde as ACS não receberam treinamento). A efetividade da intervenção nos usuários foi avaliada por meio da aplicação de questionários (níveis de AF no tempo de lazer e como forma de deslocamento e estágios de mudança de comportamento) antes e após seis meses do início do processo educativo. Foram realizados dois grupos focais com os ACS (um após o processo educativo e outro após o término da intervenção). Foi realizada revisão sistemática com fins em verificar o que já havia sido produzido com ACS na promoção da AF. Análise de dados: As análises das variáveis foram realizadas de acordo com o princípio de intenção de tratar. Nas análises bivariadas foram utilizados testes qui-quadrado com correção de Yates, de tendência linear e exato de Fisher. Foram calculadas as razões de prevalências (RP) por meio da Regressão de Poisson para o recebimento de visitas domiciliares considerando variáveis sociais, demográficas e de saúde, estratificadas por grupo. O efeito da intervenção sobre os estágios de mudança de comportamento e dos níveis de AF foram analisados por meio de equações de estimativas generalizadas. Os dados qualitativos coletados nos grupos focais foram gravados, transcritos e analisados por meio da análise temática. Resultados: Manuscrito 1: 27 estudos compuseram a revisão sistemática realizada com fins em recuperar as evidências acerca de intervenções desenvolvidas por ACS na promoção da AF. A maioria dos estudos (63%) apresentou resultados significativos para o aumento do volume total de AF e caminhada ou quantidade de passos por dia. As intervenções tiveram mediana de tempo de cinco meses e foram direcionadas a pessoas acima dos 30 anos, em grupos étnicos específicos, de baixo nível socioeconômico e portadores de doenças. Manuscrito 2: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas inter ou intragrupos nos níveis de AF e nos estágios de mudança de comportamento nos usuários das UBS onde os ACS receberam a intervenção comparados com os usuários da área do grupo controle. Observou-se que o grupo de ACS da área de intervenção promoveu mais AF nas visitas domiciliares para usuários com menor nível de escolaridade (RP=2,74), que não trabalhavam (RP=3,61) e que possuíam diagnóstico médico de hipertensão arterial ou diabetes (RP=2,86). Manuscrito 3: Duas grandes categorias de temas emergiram do tratamento do material: a) o processo de formação em educação profissional como via de ressignificação da prática de AF e, b) os processos de trabalho das ACS e os limites para as transformações de atitudes. Inseridos nesses temas, constatou-se que o saber adquirido é uma ferramenta de empoderamento, mas que ainda há um limite do conhecimento técnico versus o saber leigo dos ACS para o aconselhamento da AF e que demandas institucionais interferem nas possibilidades de ações, resultando na dificuldade de incorporação da promoção da atividade física na rotina do trabalho. Conclusão: A revisão sistemática mostrou que intervenções realizadas no contexto da atenção primária tendo como promotores os ACS são efetivas para o aumento da AF em adultos. Na intervenção avaliada nesta tese não foram observadas evidências de efetividade para aumento dos níveis de AF e de estágios de mudança de comportamento de usuários do SUS atendidos pelos ACS da intervenção. No entanto, observou-se pelo conteúdo dos grupos focais que a implantação do processo de promoção da AF realizado com os ACS no contexto da ESF em uma região de baixo nível socioeconômico demonstrou ser uma oportunidade de empoderamento para esses profissionais nas ações de promoção à saúde, mas que a incorporação da promoção da AF nas visitas domiciliares para os usuários é dependente de mudanças mais amplas na gestão dos serviços. A partir dos efeitos positivos obtidos no processo de formação dos ACS, aliado as dificuldades de se conseguir mudanças nos níveis de AF dos usuários, recomenda-se que sejam realizadas novas intervenções de promoção da AF com ACS para que modelos de promoção como este desenvolvido nesta tese sejam implementados na rotina de trabalho destes profissionais.Purpose: To evaluate an intervention to promote physical activity (PA) through Community Health Workers (CHW) to adult users of the Unified Health System (SUS) and served by the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Methods: This dissertation encompasses three manuscripts, one systematic review and two referred to a non-randomized controlled intervention trial conducted in the Ermelino Matarazzo district, eastern end of São Paulo, SP, from April to December 2011. The study included the CHW and the users covered by FHS teams of two Primary Healthcare Centers (PHC). An intervention to promote PA through home visits was carried out, comprising a process of professional continuing education, PA experiences and monthly meetings for following up. The educational process was conducted in four weekly meetings of three hours each during a month, with 30 CHW of one PHC (intervention group). One hundred seventy-six adult users of the SUS were randomly selected (18 years, 90 of the intervention PHC and 86 of the control PHC, where the CHW received no training). The intervention effectiveness on users was evaluated through questionnaires (leisure-time and transport-related PA and the behavior change stages) before and six months after the educational process. Two focus groups were conducted with the CHW (one after the educational process and another after the intervention). A systematic review was performed to verify what had already been produced about PA promotion through CHW. Data analysis: Analysis considered the intention-to-treat principle. Bivariate analysis were conducted using the Chi-square test with Yates correction or linear trend and the Fishers exact test. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated through Poisson regressions to analyze home visits according to social, demographic and health variables, stratified by group. The effect of the intervention on behavior change stages and leisure-time and transport-related PA was analyzed using generalized estimating equations. The content of the focus groups was recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Manuscript 1: 27 studies were included in the systematic review with the purpose of recovering the evidence about interventions using CHW to promote PA. Most studies (63%) found significant results of increase in PA total volume and walking or steps per day. Interventions had a median duration of 5 months and were aimed at people over 30 years old, specific ethnic groups, low socioeconomic status and those diseased. Manuscript 2: There were no significant differences inter- or intra-group in PA levels and behavior change stages between user from intervention and control PHC. The CHW group who received the educational process promoted more PA in home visits to users with lower educational level (PR = 2.74), who did not work (PR = 3.61) and had a medical diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes (PR = 2.86). Manuscript 3: Two broad categories of themes emerged from the material: a) the process of professional continuing education as a mean to reframe the PA practice and, b) the CHWs work processes and the limits of changing attitudes. Within these issues, it was found that acquired knowledge is an empowerment tool, but there is still a limit in the technical versus lay knowledge of the CHW for PA counseling and institutional demands interfere with the action possibilities, resulting in difficult incorporation of PA promotion in their work routine. Conclusion: The systematic review shown that interventions in primary care through CHW are effective for increasing PA in adults. In the intervention evaluated in this dissertation were observed no evidences of effectiveness on PA levels and behavior change stages among user of the SUS served by the CHW of the intervention group. However, it was observed through the analysis of the focus group that the implementation of an educational process aimed to promote PA in the FHE context in a low-socioeconomic area is an empowering opportunity for these professionals for health promotion actions. Nevertheless, the inclusion of PA promotion in the home visits to users depends on broader changes in the services management. From the positive effects obtained in the CHW educational process, combined with the difficulties of achieving changes in PA levels of users, it is recommended that new interventions are carried out to promote PA through CHW in order to implement promoting models like the one developed in this thesis in the routine work of these professionals.
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VEZZINI, FRANCESCA. "Policy options for improving the performance of community health workers (CHWs) in maternal and child health in Brazil: analysis of barriers and facilitators to CHW national programme and evaluation of a community-based trial in Recife." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2924522.
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Background and objectives. Studies and international agencies’ policy documents, while acknowledging the potential of Community Health Worker (CHW) programs in improving reproductive maternal newborn and child health (RMNCH) outcomes, underline the scarcity of strong evidence of effectiveness and solicit more in-depth investigations on the implementation process of such programs. Recent developments about how to improve service quality in RMNCH emphasize the need of a system approach, according to which any attempt to evaluate and improve the overall system, or part of it, should take into account the overall complexity and interdependency across actors and components. Moving from the intersection between the current debate on CHWs, the emphasis on quality improvement and system approaches to health systems, the research is aimed at developing analytical and policy tools that may be used to improve the performance of CHWs in Brazil, a country whose CHW program is considered among the most valuable models globally.
Methods. A three step process has been envisaged. The first step, through a systematic review of qualitative studies conducted in Brazil on CHWs and building on concepts driven from the international literature, develops a logic model to describe factors influencing CHWs’ performance in Brazil and their underlying mechanisms. The second step, moving from a case study built around the impact evaluation of an intervention trial targeting CHWs in the city of Recife and aimed at supporting quality home visits to pregnant women and mothers, is aimed at providing further insights on barriers and facilitators to interventions designed to improve CHWs’ performance, and at further validating the model. The third step uses the logic model to identify and systematize policy options, contextualized to the Brazilian system, to improve the performance of CHWs across all their attributions and tasks as well as in a specific area such as RMNCH.
Results. The systematic review, confirming the findings of international literature, showed that, although the main factors influencing CHWs’ performance reside in the formal health system components and in the sub-system elements of the CHW program, the community system is a powerful source of complex interactions that may act either as facilitators or as barriers of CHWs’ performance. A logic model was developed to facilitate the identification, analysis and visualization of these factors and their dynamics. The case study confirmed the validity of the model for analyzing and interpreting the results of the intervention and, by explaining the reasons for its partial failure, provided hints about how interventions and policies aimed at improving CHWs’ performances should be conceived. Using the model as the reference framework, policy options were systematized according to the health and community system components and proposed as a comprehensive compendium and as policy packages according to the various levels of responsibility regarding CHW program in the Brazilian health system. A model for prioritization criteria was also proposed.
Conclusions. The analytical and policy tools that were developed may be useful for a more systematic and evidence-based approach to improving the performance of CHWs in Brazil. The systematization of influencers of CHWs’ performance and their mediators can be used to describe the institutional and stakeholders’ response to CHW program. The logical model, populated with institutional and behavioral facilitators and barriers, can serve to identify areas that requires action for program strengthening. The policy compendium can facilitate, at various levels of the system, the development and prioritization of policy packages aimed at improving RMNCH-related tasks of CHWs in a broader systemic perspective, recognizing that most factors influencing specific tasks of CHWs are cross-cutting and need to be addressed as such.
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Ra, Eun S. "Michael Servetus : the unfortunate and fair conviction as heretic and seditionary at the trials in Vienne and Geneva, 1553." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26335.
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Pereira, Carla Alexandra. "Ética e serviço social: análise dos valores que norteiam os laudos sociais nas ações de guarda das varas de família do tribunal de justiça de Minas Gerais." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17876.
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Previous issue date: 2008-03-13Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation was designed to analyze social reports written by professional social workers who are employed by Family Court Divisions of Minas Gerais State Court of Justice (Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais - TJMG), from the perspective of 1993 Ethical Code of Social Workers values and ethical principles. Particularly in TJMG, Family Court Divisions demanded written Social Studies and Investigations of social workers. Those professionals are commissioned as State Representatives to implement an intervention in family environment. Such intervention intends to produce a technical document (Social Study or Social Report) that must be able to support judicial decisions, as an expert analyses recommending whether is possible or not to concede a custody petition. In this way, social study reports need to demonstrate some aspects and determinants about social and family life of all those involved in law action, as: intrafamily relationship (affective links, socialization processes and potential physical and psychological violence occurrences); social questions those would be identified as family conflict causes or social questions those would can still provoking it; social relationships of family group and their general social and economical conditions. This research demanded closest approximation of this kind of social worker instrument of communication in the forensic universe and it had written keeping in mind how it could contribute to professional usage in this specific area. However, this research does not restrict itself on what those professionals have showed in their discourses about values, but it has driven itself through ethical commitment to the users that are involved on the intervention process and social report. From this assumption, this dissertation focuses institutional status, central elements and professional development of social worker, and a brief historical trajectory of Social Service in the Judiciary System of Minas Gerais State. After all, this research was built upon presuppositions of conservative though and 1993 Ethical Code of Social Worker s values and principles
A presente dissertação foi realizada com o objetivo de analisar os laudos sociais elaborados pelos assistentes sociais que atuam junto às Varas de Família dos Fóruns do Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais, sob o ponto de vista dos valores e princípios éticos presentes no Código de Ética do Assistente Social (1993). No TJMG, especificamente no que tange às Varas de Família, os assistentes sociais são solicitados para a realização de Estudos Sociais ou Perícias Sociais, ou seja, são demandados, enquanto representantes do Estado, a intervir no espaço familiar. A finalidade dessa intervenção é a elaboração de um documento técnico (laudo social ou relatório social), que ofereça subsídios para a decisão judicial, isto é, uma análise e um parecer sobre as possibilidades de efetivação da guarda pleiteada. Para isso, o estudo social precisa contemplar os aspectos/determinantes da vida sócio-familiar dos sujeitos envolvidos naquela ação judicial: suas relações intrafamiliares (vínculos afetivos, processos de sociabilidade, intercorrência de situações de violência física e psicológica); as questões sociais que provocaram ou provocam o conflito vivenciado, e as possíveis redes sociais de apoio; as relações sociais estabelecidas pelo grupo familiar e as suas condições sócio-econômicas. Ao realizar a pesquisa, buscamos nos aproximar desse instrumento de comunicação do assistente social no universo forense, na perspectiva de contribuir para uma reflexão sobre os valores e princípios éticos que pautam o exercício profissional nesse campo específico de atuação. Contudo, não nos baseamos apenas no que foi explicitado pelos profissionais em seu discurso sobre valores, mas no compromisso ético firmado com o usuário no processo de intervenção e na elaboração do laudo social. Dentro dessa proposta, a dissertação aborda o espaço institucional e seus elementos marcantes, além do desenvolvimento da profissão e um breve histórico sobre o Serviço Social no Judiciário Mineiro. Como eixos norteadores, nos apoiamos nos pressupostos do pensamento conservador e nos valores e princípios do Código de Ética do Assistente Social, de 1993
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Савченко, В. О. "Сучасний стан та особливості формування Сосни звичайної в ДП «Чернігіврайагролісгосп»." Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/23144.
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Савченко, В. О. Сучасний стан та особливості формування Сосни звичайної в ДП «Чернігіврайагролісгосп» : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 205 «Лісове господарство» / В. О. Савченко ; керівник роботи В. І. Канівець ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра аграрних технологій та лісового господарства. – Чернігів, 2021. – 62 с.«Сучасний стан та особливості формування Сосни звичайної в ДП «Чернігіврайагролісгосп»». У розділі 1 описані теоретичні положення про створення та формування лісових культур. Об'єкти і методика досліджень представлені. У 2 розділі наведена характеристика природно-кліматичних умов та лісового фонду ДП «Чернігіврайагролісгосп». Характеристика об'єктів та викладення результатів дослідження наведена у 3 розділі. У 3 розділі представлені проект створення лісових культур сосни звичайної в ДП «Чернігіврайагролісгосп»».
Current state and farming of Scots pine at the state enterprise “Chernihivraiahrolishosp”. Section 1 describes the theoretical provisions on the creation and formation of forest crops. Objects and methods of research are presented. Section 2 presents the characteristics of natural and climatic conditions and the forest fund of SE "Chernihivrayagrolishosp". Characteristics of objects and presentation of research results are given in section 3. Section 3 presents the project of creating forest crops of Scots pine in the State Enterprise "Chernihivrayagrolishosp".
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Luiz, Maíla Rezende Vilela. "Depoimento sem dano: implicações nas atribuições do assistente social - um estudo no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20017.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
This dissertation aims to analyze the impact of the Depoimento Sem Dano’s methodology on the social worker's professional work at the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo - TJ-SP. The research proposal is to discuss how Social Service is involved in the project of children's inquiry, which is being implemented in the TJ-SP, in several Brazilian Courts of Justice, as well as evaluate whether the inquiry of children is the duty of the social assistant worker who works in the Judiciary. Thus, is inquiring children who are victims of sexual violence a social worker's or the magistrate's responsibility? To execute this study, we have used a bibliographical and documentary survey on this subject and selected professionals, among them: lawyers, social workers and models of the representative entity of the professional category. The selected professionals participated in a research that was conducted through interviews and questionnaires. Through the analysis of the data, it was possible to verify some controversies regarding the positioning of the Federal Councils of Social Work and Psychology, the Association of Social Assistants and Psychologists of the TJ-SP and the Association of Social Workers and Psychologists of Brazil, as well as social workers divergent opinions regarding the method mentioned, besides the distortion of the concept of Full Protection by the Brazilian Statute of the Child and Adolescent- ECA
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar os impactos da metodologia do Depoimento Sem Dano no trabalho profissional do assistente social no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo – TJ-SP. A proposição da pesquisa é debater como o Serviço Social está envolvido nesse projeto de inquirição de crianças, que está sendo implantado no TJ-SP, e em diversos Tribunais de Justiça brasileiros, assim como avaliar se a inquirição de crianças está dentro das atribuições do assistente social que atua no Poder Judiciário. Nesse sentido, inquirir crianças vítimas de violência sexual é atribuição do assistente social ou do magistrado? Para a realização do estudo, recorremos a um levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre o tema e selecionamos profissionais, dentre eles: advogados, assistentes sociais e representantes das entidades representativas da categoria profissional. Os profissionais selecionados participaram de uma pesquisa que se realizou por meio de entrevistas e questionários. A partir da análise dos dados, foi possível verificar algumas polêmicas no quanto à posição dos Conselhos Federais de Serviço Social e Psicologia, da Associação dos Assistentes Sociais e Psicólogos do TJ-SP e da Associação dos Assistentes Sociais e Psicólogos do Brasil, assim como opiniões divergentes dos assistentes sociais em relação ao método citado, além da distorção do conceito de Proteção Integral previsto pelo Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente – ECA
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Azevedo, Fernanda Caldas de. "O trabalho das Assistentes Sociais do Fórum das Varas Especiais da Infância e Juventude do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo: tempo de trabalho, intensificação e precarização." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20501.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This doctoral thesis analyses the job conditions of the social workers in the Special Children and Juvenile Courts of Law in the State of São Paulo. The goal of the present thesis is to prove that the workload intensification process has become one of the most decisive and crucial element to be tackled by the social workers class if they want to work fewer hours. Consequently, time and working activities are presented as vital aspects to be examined carefully when dealing with the inherent financial characteristics of the capital used in the productive and service sectors as well as in the restructuring of the public policies and working classes conditions. Within this context, the professional activity in the Court of Law was understood as the job performed itself and the social worker as the employee who performs a paid job and suffers the consequences of the economic conditions and working tendencies of all over the world. The relationship between the Law and the Legal System were objects of this study because they have a strong influence on the performance of the social workers’ daily activities due to the frequent law requisitions resulted from infringement acts which are treated at the Special Children and Juvenile Court of Law every single day. All the data collected for this paper were analysed in terms of their quality and quantity worth. Based on a semi-structured guide, ten social workers from the Court staff were interviewed face to face and asked to answer a written survey. Among the research findings, it was realised that the employees have been working under pressure due to the huge intensification of their workload and harmful working conditions, worsened by the organisational structure, rhythm and pace of the Court of Law, which reaffirm that the private sector entanglements are influencing the state public sector. Furthermore, it was also discovered that new social workers are not being hired because of the workload intensification of the current employees due to the reduction in the number of social workers who leave the job either from removal or retirement. Therefore resilience strategies are being held individually and collectively as well as internally and externally as an effective way to avoid the workload intensification of the social workers. However, it is still a challenge to be faced. In conclusion, this study shows that it is essential for the ones involved in this process to discover innovative legal means to prevent the social workers to be overloaded by work and give them useful tools to fight against capitalist exploitation
Essa tese analisa as condições de trabalho das Assistentes Sociais no Fórum das Varas Especiais da Infância e Juventude do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de apreender o seu processo de intensificação nesse espaço sócio-ocupacional, conferindo centralidade à categoria tempo de trabalho como um elemento determinante da luta histórica da classe trabalhadora pela redução da jornada de trabalho. Por isso, tempo e trabalho se apresentaram como dimensões relevantes a serem analisadas, notadamente na atual etapa de financeirização do capital que se refrata no setor produtivo, nos serviços, na reconfiguração das políticas públicas e nas condições de trabalho. Nesse âmbito, o exercício profissional no Tribunal de Justiça foi apreendido como trabalho e o/a assistente social como trabalhador/a assalariado/a, sofrendo as injunções das tendências gerais do mundo do trabalho. As relações entre Direito e Sistema de Justiça foram objeto de tematização por atravessarem e condicionarem o trabalho desenvolvido pelas assistentes sociais, por meio das interfaces com as requisições decorrentes do ato infracional a partir do fluxo de atendimento no Fórum das Varas Especiais da Infância e Juventude. A metodologia da pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa, envolveu a aplicação de questionários e entrevistas, com base em roteiro semiestruturado, com dez Assistentes Sociais que compõem a equipe técnica. Entre os achados da pesquisa constatou-se forte presença da intensificação do trabalho, percebida pela maioria das trabalhadoras por meio das precárias condições de trabalho e também pela própria estrutura do Judiciário em seus ritmos, velocidade e carga de trabalho, que reafirmam os ditames privados adentrando o espaço público-estatal. Identificou-se também a ampliação da jornada de trabalho, ainda mais estimulada pela redução do número de assistentes sociais na equipe técnica do Serviço Social em função do processo de remoção e de aposentadoria, que não têm levado a novas contratações. Estratégias de resistência - individuais e coletivas, internas e externas - são mobilizadas, mas resta o desafio de avançar com novas propostas contra a intensificação do trabalho, por meio de dispositivos no contrato de trabalho que possam vincular previamente o grau de intensidade do trabalho a ser realizado, a depender do fortalecimento das lutas coletivas do trabalho contra o capital
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Ribeiro, Marcos Ausenka. "Impacto de diferentes intervenções no nível de atividade física e co-morbidades associadas em mulheres: estudo aleatorizado e controlado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-20052013-162101/.
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OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto de diferentes intervenções no ambiente de trabalho para aumentar o nível de atividade física (AF) e redução de risco cardiovascular em mulheres de meia idade. DELINEAMENTO: Estudo aleatorizado e controlado com 4 intervenções. PARTICIPANTES: 195 mulheres de 40 a 50 anos, funcionárias de um hospital publico da cidade de São Paulo, que não realizavam AF no tempo de lazer. INTERVENÇÕES: Todas foram aleatorizadas para: Grupo controle (GI; 3 sessões de 15 min; n=47); Pedômetro+aconselhamento individual (GII; 3 sessões de 15 min; n=53); Pedômetro+aconselhamento em grupo (GIII; 8 sessões de 1h; n=48); Treinamento Aeróbico (GIV; 24 sessões de 30 min; n=47). Intervenções realizadas por 3 meses. DESFECHOS: Nº de passos total e moderado(>110 passos/min) pedômetro Yamax-PW 610, massa corpórea (Kg), circunferência cintura (cm) e fatores de saúde relacionados à qualidade de vida(FSRQV) após 3 e 6 meses. ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA: ANOVA de 1 fator e o pos-hoc de Holm-Sidak. Efetividade foi avaliada pela intenção de tratar. Calculou-se o tamanho do efeito. RESULTADOS: Apenas os grupos que utilizaram os pedômetros (GII e GIII) aumentaram significativamente o número total de passos após 3 meses (P <0,05), no entanto foram observados incrementos maiores no GIII do que no GII (P <0,05). GIII também aumentou o número de passos moderado. Além disso, depois de 6 meses, não foi observada diferença entre os grupos. Com relação às medidas antropométricas, somente as mulheres que participaram do GIV tiveram redução significativa da massa corpórea após 3 e 6 meses (-0,7 kg) e da circunferência abdominal após 3 meses (-0,9 cm). Não ocorreram mudanças no FSRQV. Por último, verificou-se que as intervenções com maior nº de sessões(GIII e GIV) tiveram maior desistência (respectivamente, 30% e 45%) das participantes quando comparada aos grupos GI e GII (respectivamente, 2% e 4%) (P<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O uso do pedômetro associada ao aconselhamento em grupo é mais efetiva para aumentar o nível de AF diária enquanto que um programa de exercício físico reduz o peso. Porém estas estratégias foram efetivas a curto prazo sugerindo a necessidade de mantê-las constantemente disponíveis às trabalhadorasPURPOSE: Evaluate the impact of different interventions at workplace to increase the physical activity (PA) and to reduce cardiovascular risk in middle-aged women. DESIGN: RCT with 4 arms. Realized between, February (2010 - 2012) and data analyzed between March and July (2012). SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: 195 women aged 40 to 50 years that did not perform PA in leisure time were randomly assigned to one of 4 interventions. INTERVENTION: Control group (GI) a brief medical orientation (n = 47); Pedometer-Based Individual Counseling (GII) (n = 53); Pedometer-based Group Counseling (GIII) (n = 48); Aerobic Training (GIV, n = 47). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Median change for total steps number (primary outcome), median change for moderate (>110 steps/min) steps number, body mass and waist circumference (secondary outcomes) after 3 or 6 months of intervention. RESULTS: Only the groups using pedometers (GII and GIII) significantly increased total steps number after 3 months (P<0.05); however the increase in total steps observed in GIII was higher than in GII (p<0.05). GIII also increased the number of moderate steps number. Moreover, after 6 months, no difference was observed among groups. Despite that, women did not modify the body mass that was reduced only in those of the AT group either after 3 and 6 months (-0.7 Kg) (P<0.05). Finally, it was found that interventions with the greatest number of sessions (GIII and GIV) had higher dropout (respectively, 30% and 45%) of participants when compared to GI and GII (respectively, 2% and 4%) (p <0.05).CONCLUSIONS: A pedometer-based intervention with counseling groups at workplace was more effective to increase physical activity at daily life while aerobic training is more effective for weight loss
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Panda, Shilpi Smita. "Brick Kiln Workers from Rural Odisha, India: An Analytical Study of Seasonal Migration." Thesis, 2019. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/10013/1/2019_PhD_SSPanda_512HS1011_Brick.PDF.pdf.
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The economic reforms and neo-liberal policies of late nineties have brought about irreversible transformations in the agrarian mode of production and have led to irresistible conflict over the allocation and distribution of natural resources. Around 70 percent of the rural population in the country depends on agriculture for their livelihood. The agricultural sector has been experiencing a negative growth, including decline in the size of landholdings, crop yields and labour force engaged in agriculture. The context and area of work transformed with the growing changes in the economic and agrarian structure but the relationship of dominance and servitude continued to exist between the owners and labourers. Agricultural labourers are presently bonded to various sources of debt contracted from different agro-industry and construction sectors. Migrant labour gets recruited in informal sectors such as textiles, construction, stone quarries and mines, brick-kilns, small scale industry, agro based industries, sugarcane cutting, plantations, rickshaw pulling, food processing including fish and prawn processing, salt panning, domestic work, security services, sex work, small hotels and roadside restaurants and tea shops and street vending.
Brick manufacturing is one such informal sector which recruits poor and miserable agricultural farmers who are indebted to the labour contractors. Brick kilns are small scale labour intensive manufacturing units located on the outskirts of cities, which draws labour from economically underdeveloped regions. Women and children become the worst sufferers in this process of migration. They work as an extended family labour and are deprived of health, housing, sanitation and education facilities in the work site. Brick industries work till the onset of monsoon season, so it recruits seasonal agricultural labourers, who can leave the industry and return to their native place during the rainy season. The labourers from native villages receive advances from the brokers of the brick kiln. Then they migrate to the brick industry to pay off the debt.
The study was conducted in three districts of KBK region of Odisha, India.300 brick kiln migrant workers, 21 labour contractors and 6 owners of the brick kilns were interviewed for the purpose of the study. To explore the various factors affecting the migration decisions, an Exploratory Factor Analysis followed by Multiple Regression was done. It was found that social factors affected the migration decisions more in the presence of other economic and non-economic factors. It was observed that the social network played a major role in organizing the migration. This network provides information about the work and wages at the destination. It was observed that the networks are based on trust and mutual reciprocity. 59 percent of the migrant households were provided information about the work contract through the migration brokers. The process of migration was embedded in the structure of migration which involved four stages: stage of alliance, stage of mobilisation, stage of work and stage of feedback movement. Migration was a never ending process rooted in debts and dependency.
To assess the impact of seasonal migration on the livelihood of the migrants, the DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework was adopted. It was found that there was improvement in the possession of physical and financial assets among the migrants. The annual income of the migrant household has risen above 20,000/- after migration. Agricultural asset possession like plough, tractors have declined, but other assets like mobile phones, televisions have increased. But the migration has a negative impact on the social, human and natural capital. In order to understand the migrant and state’s relationship Giddens ’Structuration approach is utilized. Various policies and schemes of the government for controlling and regulating migration were reviewed. ISMWA act (labour registration), MGNREGA (wage employment) and PDS (food security) were overviewed. Even the NGO initiatives for resolving the migrant’s problem were also reviewed. It was found that the government policies suffered from poor implementation, lack of awareness, inadequate staffing and funds. Most of the migration was not registered and documented. Thus a collaborative effort of government and non-government organisations is required to deal with the problems of migration at the origin and destination.
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HUANG, YING-HAO, and 黃盈豪. "Dialogues between Social Work and Indigenous Tribe:The Cross-cultural Experiences of the Social Workers in the Tayal Tribal Communities." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mcrmre.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立暨南國際大學
社會政策與社會工作學系
102
This study tries to explore working modes of social workers entering Atayal tribes. With the thinking of cross-cultural work, social workers can be more sensitive developing social services in ways closing to local cultural contexts and traditional values in Atayal tribal areas, lest the welfare colonization and damaging splits among ethnic groups would be resulted from the monophonic normative mode of social services. This study applies critical ethnography and action research as research method, based on the long-term fieldwork and practical experience, sorting out cross-cultural experiences of relative social workers working in the Atayal tribes. Meanwhile, this study will take the“ Daan river tribal communal kitchen”as the main field to conduct practice and reflection, trying to develop cross-cultural working modes in action. Each tribe is changing and diverse, social workers working with tribe people have to adjust the working method flexibly according to different condition in different tribes. This would be a kind of working method on mutual-subjectivity, not only within social workers and their clients but also on the level of communities and peoples. The concern is how social workers organize and form a local work structure, collaborating through perspectives from ethnic affairs. This study not only emphasizes on that workers live in the tribes, but also on that workers can be used for the tribes, and work initiated and guided by the tribe people rather than the workers as an ultimate ideal, and to achieve this aim needs a process of empowerment and collaborating, as well as continuingly reflection on the relationships between the tribe people and exterior social workers or NGOs. Which position should the social workers work at? What strategy should take while there are distance between manipulated tribal organizations and tribal subjectivity? After fully assessment and understanding the tribal cultural context, should the empowerment be endogenous or exogenous? The strategy of Daan river is the “organizational capacity-building plans packaged in social welfare projects,”through the inputting resources from the government and exterior NGOs, and bringing up caring workers, we not only deliver services and push the tribal care affair, but also develop the local workers and the local organization empowerment. Finally, there are several conclusions posed as follows: 1.Social workers should re-understanding Atayal culture and viewpoints: the core culture concept in Atayal area is ancestors’spirits “Utux”and traditional norm”Gaga”. Social workers should learn the Atyal traditional helping system and worldview. The Atyal mutual helping and sharing system is worth learning. This study tries to describe the Atyal people’s worldview, comparing to original work mode on single household of social work, this study propose the systematic view of tribal culture, and work mode on clan. 2. In relation to the sorting and analysis of the experiences of social workers in Atayal tribe area, this article recognizes that social work profession should do the adjustment and response to the differences of indigenous cultures through real cross- cultural experiences. 3. The dynamic modes that is of mutual-subjectivity with indigenous tribes: This mode is risen from real practice. Also, in addition to traditional welfare service, indigenous social work should concern more on the land ethic and move toward solidarity economy of livelihood.
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Wu, Shin-Yu, and 伍心瑜. "An Exploration of the Gender Practice of “Kawsda”：The Response and Struggle of Aboriginal Female Organization Workers to Traditional Motherhood in the Tribal Society : A Case of the Documentary “ The Women’s Nest”." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16940158913707206604.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺南藝術大學
音像紀錄與影像維護研究所
99
This research is focused on a group of aboriginal women who work for a women’s organization concerning their tribe. These women work in the Kaohsiung Women’s Sustainable Development Association in Namasia village, Kaohsiung County. They call themselves ‘Kawsda’. They are also overwhelmingly from a working-class background. The women who work in Kawsda often find themselves facing a dilemma, whereby they have to not only devote themselves to their work but also remain responsible mothers and wives. Traditionally, their duty has been to take care of the kids and do housework. However, they have to find a job in order to lighten their families’ financial burdens. Jobs concerning organization are often seen as a “new thing” from the villagers’ point of view. Working in the association means that they have to go outside of the house to organize different events, and have meetings all the time. Furthermore, results often aren’t visible in the short term. This results in conflicts between the women and their husbands and parents in law, and they even have to face villagers’ criticisms. The dilemmas and challenges encountered by the several female workers in "Kawsda” could be seen as the gender conflicts which are caused by the change in the way of the division of labor in gender during the time from tradition to modern society. The life stories of these women in "Kawsda" may provide us a reference to realize what aboriginal female workers in tribal organization go through in modernization.
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Chen, Hui-Chun, and 陳惠君. "The Self-efficacy, Professional Commitment, and Career Needs of Clinical Trials Workers." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75435097127103801473.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北護理健康大學
健康事業管理研究所
100
Objective: To develop an instrument to measure the self-efficacy, professional commitment, and career needs by clinical research nurses (CRNs) and clinical research associates (CRAs), and to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and professional commitment, self-efficacy and career needs, professional commitment and career needs. Methods: A model correlation study design was adopted to include 136 clinical trial workers in north Taiwan from November 2011 to February 2012 (clinical research nurses = 96, clinical research associate = 40). Construct validity, construct validity, and construct reliability were used to test the self-efficacy, professional commitment, and career needs of clinical trial worker scale and to analysis the impact of the self-efficacy, professional commitment, and career needs for clinical trial workers. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) show the two-factor model (general self-efficacy, and social self-efficacy) from the self-efficacy scale was the best fit, construct reliability was .71, .62, coefficient alphas was .92, .76. Three-factor model (willing to make effort after profession, maintaining a sense of membership, belief in a goals and values of profession) form the professional commitment scale was best fit, construct reliability was .61, .77, .62, coefficient alphas was .88, .91, .78. The four-factor model (exploration stage of career needs, establishment stage of career needs, maintenance stage of career needs, and disengagement stage of career needs) form the career needs scale was best fit, construct reliability was .69, .72, .45, .58, coefficient alphas was .88, .71, .75, .73. The positive relationship between self-efficacy and professional commitment, professional commitment and career needs. There is no statistically significant relationship between self-efficacy and career needs. Conclusion: Although we performed statistically significant relationship between professional commitment and career needs, establishment and maintenance stage of career needs for clinical trial workers were uncertaintly. It was recommended that managers should plan training programs and related opportunities of clinical trial workers.
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Liao, Hsueh-Chin, and 廖雪津. "Trial and Transformation－Liao Hsueh-Chin´s Moked Pottery Art Works." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fwc386.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
設計暨藝術學院碩士在職專班
101
The techniques of making pottery: Being fired, I like the way it was made through laying a fire on it. As times goes by, people are getting used to simple My pottery’s theme is the change of thoughts and trial of life. The experience of life and the interaction with environment provide inspiration for me. It includes happiness in process of having conversation with my kids and through long-term observation on my kids. Then I have made many works of art in simple form and the abstract thoughts. I always talked to myself through holding soil in my hands. I also show my feeling without hiding anything. The motivations of making pottery: with the behavior of making works of art, I can ease my pain of unpleasant experience and find the beautiful thing in my soul again. When you appreciate my works of art, you could feel like living harmony with nature. The main ideas of making pottery: I think that everyone has something which sticking in their memory. And everyone should cherish the private part of secret. I am trying to dig out something bad such as untied knot of mind from the bottom of my heart. Finally, I make my own works of art by digging it out in transformation. It fired my imagination through it. and natural living way. We hope to live harmony with nature. I made my pottery with the logan wood from my hometown. 「The relationship between parents and children」、「The weight of a palm」、「The tears from Buddha」. A serious of all art works are the results of creation. I devoted my energies, time and attentions to my works. I will continue my creation with all my efforts. I believe that things are heading in the right direction in my works.