Relevant bibliographies by topics / Triazale

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Academic literature on the topic 'Triazale'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Triazale"

1

Syrota, Natalia O., Sergiy V. Kemskiy, Lesya M. Saliyeva, and Mykhailo V. Vovk. "1,2,3-Triazole-4(5)-amines – Convenient Synthetic Blocks for the Construction of Triazolo-Annulated Heterocycles." Journal of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 20, no. 2 (July 20, 2022): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/ophcj.22.258512.

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Aim. To analyze and summarize the synthetic potential of 1,2,3-triazole-4(5)-amines as efficient building blocks in the synthesis of triazolo-annulated pyridine, azine and azepine systems.Results and discussion. Original literature sources revealing the synthetic potential of 4(5)-amino functionalized 1,2,3-triazoles as convenient and available building blocks for the preparation of triazolo-annulated pyridines, azines and azepines were analyzed and systematized. Condensation of 1,2,3-triazole-4(5)-amines with methylene active compounds was shown to be a powerful tool for the synthesis of versatile triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines. In turn, the cyclocondensation based on 5-amino-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acids and their structurally modified derivatives was proven to be a general way for obtaining a number of triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine systems. Few representatives of triazolo-annulated pyridazines, 1,3-oxazines and 1,3-thiazines were synthesized by the intramolecular cyclization of the corresponding 4-aryl(carboxy-, aminomethyl)-5-amino-1,2,3-triazoles. The cyclocondensation involving 4,5-diamino-, 4-carbofunctionalized 5-amino-1,2,3-triazoles and 4-amino-5-thiocarboxamido-1,2,3-triazoles was successful for the construction of di-, oxa- and thiazepino-annulated triazoles.Conclusions. The analysis, systematization and summary of the literature regarding the synthetic potential of 1,2,3-triazole-4(5)-amines conclusively demonstrate that these structures are easily available and convenient molecular blocks for the construction of triazolo-annulated pyridine, azine and azepine systems that are important for synthetic and biomedical research.
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2

Pathak, Suraj Kumar, Yepeng Xiang, Manli Huang, Taian Huang, Xiaosong Cao, He Liu, Guohua Xie, and Chuluo Yang. "Fused tetracyclic tris[1,2,4]triazolo[1,3,5]triazine as a novel rigid electron acceptor for efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters." RSC Advances 10, no. 26 (2020): 15523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra01925a.

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Zeng, Qun, Yanyang Qu, Jinshan Li, and Hui Huang. "Theoretical studies on the derivatives of tris([1,2,4]triazolo)[4,3-a:4′,3′-c:4′′,3′′-e][1,3,5]triazine as high energetic compounds." RSC Advances 6, no. 7 (2016): 5419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra22524h.

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4

Hryhorka, H. V., М. М. Fizer, О. І. Fizer, A. O. Kryvoviaz, and M. V. Slivka. "SYNTHESIS AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF 2-HEPTADECYL-[1,3]THIAZOLO[3,2-b][1,2,4]TRIAZOL-7-IUM CATION." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 48, no. 2 (May 23, 2023): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2022.2.67-72.

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Functional and condensed derivatives of 1,2,4-triazoles are mostly used as biologically active compounds, and modern studies increasingly report their successful use as surfactants, stabilizers for the formation of nanoparticles, components of hybrid perovskites, which are promising materials for opto-electronics. Synthesis of new [1,3]thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-7-ium salts containing a long-chain heptadecyl substituent was proposed within our research. The production of the starting compounds (2-heptadecyl-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione and methallyl thioether of 2-heptadecyl-3-mercapto-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole) was carried out according to a modified method annelating of the triazole ring to combined hybrid polyheterocyclic systems and a novel technique for the alkylation of symmetrical triazoles, as a result of which model compounds were obtained in high yields. The method of intramolecular electrophilic heterocyclization was used to quaternize the nitrogen atom of the triazole heterocycle. The study of the chemical properties of the obtained salt [1,3]thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-7-ium was carried out on the example of anion exchange reactions, the results of which indicate the stability of the studied cation [1,3] thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-7-ium upon heating in the presence of various anions. The obtained new heterocyclic salts are promising in terms of their further study as surfactants. Keywords: 1,2,4-triazole; heptadecyl; [1,3]thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-7-ium salts; surfactant.
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Franco, Daiana Portella, Lucas Caruso, Nathalia Fonseca Nadur, Thiago Moreira Pereira, Renata Barbosa Lacerda, and Arthur Eugen Kümmerle. "Recent Advances in Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Functionalization of 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles." Current Organic Chemistry 25, no. 23 (December 16, 2021): 2815–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272825666211011111408.

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Triazoles are five-membered aromatic heterocyclics, which exhibit two isosteric forms (1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles), as well as multiple applications in medicinal, agricultural, supramolecular, and materials sciences. Famous examples of triazoles include drugs, such as fluconazole, ribavirin, cefatrizine, and tazobactam, as well as herbicides, such as cafenstrole and metosulam. This review aims to present the recent major examples of the application of microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) to the syntheses and endfunctionalizations of 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles, 1,2,4-triazoles, 3-amino-1,2,4- triazoles, 1,2,4-triazol-3-one, and 1,2,4-triazol-3-thiol derivatives. Notably, the previous reviews on triazole syntheses have not exclusively elucidated the relevance of MAOS techniques in the obtention and derivatization of these compounds.
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Wang, Jiazhuang, Jianhua Yang, Xuxin Fu, Guiping Qin, Tiebo Xiao, and Yubo Jiang. "Synthesis of Triazole-Fused Phenanthridines through Pd-Catalyzed Intramolecular Phenyl C–H Activation of 1,5-Diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles." Synlett 30, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 1452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611859.

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An efficient method for the synthesis of triazole-fused phenanthridines from 1,5-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles under palladium catalysis has been developed. The reaction proceeds through Pd-catalyzed intramolecular phenyl C–H activation of 1,5-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles. This method provides a concise and efficient pathway to construct triazolo[1,5-f]phenanthridine derivatives in excellent yields.
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7

Karpun, Yevhen, and Nataliia Polishchuk. "Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of s-substituted derivatives of 1,2,4-triazol-3-thiol." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 3(31) (June 30, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2021.235976.

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The aim of the work. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives possess a wide range of pharmacological activity, so they are used for the development of drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Due to the reactivity of 1,2,4-triazoles there are many options for their further structural modification on different reaction centers. Therefore, the aim of the work was to obtain new S-substituted derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols, study physicochemical parameters of the substances synthesized, evaluate the antimicrobial activity of new S-derivatives of the 4-R1-5-((3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol series, and study some regularities of the “structure – biological activity” relationship for the synthesized compounds as well. Materials and methods. The subject of the study was new S-substituted 1,2,4-triazoles containing 2-oxopropan-1-yl and 2-aryl-2-oxoethan-1-yl substituents. The antimicrobial activity was studied by double serial dilutions on test cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Candida albicans (ATCC 885-653). The results of the biological screening showed that at a concentration of 125 g/mL, all synthesized substances showed activity (MIC – in the range of 31.25 - 62.5 μg/mL, MBCK - in the range of 62.5–125 μg/mL) against strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. Variation of substituents on the sulfur atom did not lead to a significant change in antimicrobial and antifungal activities among derivatives of 4-R1-5-((3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-yl) thio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols. Conclusions. Biological screening data indicate the prospects for the search for new antimicrobial substances among the abovementioned derivatives of 1,2,4-triazoles. The most active compounds were 1-((4-ethyl-5-((3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)propan-2-one and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-ethyl-5-(((3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H)-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)ethanone, which showed the most pronounced antimicrobial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (MIC – 31.25 μg/mL, MBcK - 62.5 μg/mL)
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Fizer, O. I., M. M. Fizer, A. O. Kryvoviaz, and M. V. Slivka. "INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE SUBSTITUTE IN THE THIRD POSITION ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF 1,3-THIAZOLO[2,3-c][1,2,4]TRIAZOLE." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 46, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2021.2.55-62.

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Condensed 1,2,4-triazole derivatives exhibit a wide range of biological activity. In particular, triazolam, alprazolam and estazolam, which contain [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine system, are used as tranquilizers. Brotizolam is another tranquilizer, a derivative of thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a][1,4]diazepine. The oral hypoglycemic drug sitagliptin contains the [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine system. In addition, pesticides such as flumetsulam, metosulam, cloransulam, diclosulam, florasulam, are derivatives of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine and [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine. Also, the search for anticancer drugs is based on the nucleus of 1,2,4-triazole. The popularity of the use of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives is primarily due to the high pharmacological action and relatively low toxicity of these compounds. The calculations were performed in the software package ORCA 4.2.1, by the method of density functional theory using the B3LYP/def2-TZVP method. After optimizing the geometry, to confirm the finding of the true local minimum, we calculated the matrix of the second derived energy from the coordinates of the atoms - in all cases, no imaginary frequencies were detected, indicating the finding of the true minimum. The magnetic characteristics of the compounds were calculated by the GIAO method. Using the method of density functional theory, the geometric and electronic structures of five compounds of the [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole class were simulated, namely: unsubstituted [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole, 3-methyl-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole, 3-ethyl-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole, 3-butyl-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole, 3-hexyl-[1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole. It is established that the length of the alkyl substituent in the third position has almost no effect on the shape and localization of the frontal molecular orbitals. In all cases, the isosurfaces are localized on the condensed system [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole. The length of the alkyl substituent in the third position affects the ionization energy and electron affinity of [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazoles. Moreover, both the ionization energy and the electron affinity decrease with increasing alkyl chain length. The change in aromaticity with the change in the length of the alkyl substituent in the third position of the [1,3]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole system is irregular, but the change is insignificant. It is established that both triazole and thiazole cycles are more aromatic than benzene, and the aromaticity of the triazole cycle is greater than thiazole. Keywords: 1,2,4-triazole; 1,3-thiazole, thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazole, frontal molecular orbitals; aromaticity.
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Khomenko, Dmytro, Tetyana Shokol, Roman Doroshchuk, Ilona Raspertova, Rostyslav Lampeka, and Yulian Volovenko. "Strategies for the Synthesis of [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-8-carbonitriles." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht17.02.294.

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Conjugated heterocyclic compounds with a 1,2,4-triazole core are of scientific interest due to their wide application in both synthetic and medicinal chemistry. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the synthetic methods for [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-8-carbonitriles. The methods are classified as follows: convertion of 8-substituted [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines; synthesis based on functionalized pyridines, containing a nitrile group; synthesis based on heterocyclization of 2-(1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetonitriles, including cyclocondensation of 2-(1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetonitriles with β-dicarbonyl compounds and heterocyclization of 2-(1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetonitriles with α,β-unsaturated nitriles and esters; cyclocondensation of acyclic reagents, namely hydrazine derivatives and substituted methylenemalononitriles or their precursors and recyclization of oxadiazolopyridi-nium salts upon the interaction with ammonia or amine.
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Farrán, M. Ángeles, M. Ángels Bonet, Rosa M. Claramunt, M. Carmen Torralba, Ibon Alkorta, and José Elguero. "The structures of 1,4-diaryl-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles related to J147, a drug for treating Alzheimer's disease." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 74, no. 4 (March 28, 2018): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229618004394.

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J147 [N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoro-N′-(3-methoxybenzylidene)acetohydrazide] has recently been reported as a promising new drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The X-ray structures of seven new 1,4-diaryl-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles, namely 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C17H14F3N3, 1), 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 2), 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 3), 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C18H16F3N3O, 4), 1-[2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C18H10F9N3O, 5), 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (C19H18F3N3O4, 6) and 3-[4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]phenol (C17H14F3N3O3, 7), have been determined and compared to that of J147. B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations have been performed to determine the potential surface and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of J147, and to examine the correlation between hydrazone J147 and the 1,2,3-triazoles, both bearing a CF3 substituent. Using MEPs, it was found that the minimum-energy conformation of 4, which is nearly identical to its X-ray structure, is closely related to one of the J147 seven minima.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Triazale"

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Horner, Katherine A. "Synthesis and applications of triazole- and triazine-containing amino acids." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11024/.

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Through their use as mimics of post-translational modifications (PTMs) and in bioorthogonal chemical reporting strategies, unnatural amino acids (UAAs) are vital tools for studying biological systems. τ-Phosphotriazolylalanine I can act as a non-hydrolysable analogue of phosphohistidine and is compatible with the Fmoc-strategy for peptide synthesis. Peptides containing either I or an alternative phosphoamino acid were synthesised and used to demonstrate the selectivity of the SH2 domain of the growth factor receptor-bound 2 protein (a phosphotyrosine binding protein) towards τ-phosphohistidine. In addition, peptides containing I were ineffectively used to study the binding interaction between a histidine-phosphorylated protein, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase and its cognate regulatory protein, YdiA. It was concluded that mimicking the primary structure of one protein through peptide generation was not sufficient to study this protein-protein interaction. As a result, third generation τ phosphotriazolylalanine II was synthesised, which has the potential to be genetically incorporated into proteins using amber suppression. Bioorthogonal reactions can be used to selectively derivatise probes onto biomolecules. Although there are a number of chemical reactions that have been used for this purpose, many are limited in terms of biocompatibility and synthetic accessibility of bioorthogonal reagents. Therefore, a novel bioorthogonal reaction was developed based on the cycloaddition of 1,2,4-triazines to strained dienophiles. An accessible and robust synthesis to novel 1,2,4-triazin-3-yl-linked amino acid III was devised and its reactivity towards a range of strained dienophiles was investigated. It was determined that III reacted readily with bicyclononyne at 37 °C with a second order rate constant between 0.3 - 0.5 ×10-3 M-1 s-1, depending on solvent mix. The utility of III towards late stage functionalisation of probe molecules was also demonstrated through generation of a fluorescent probe containing III. This triazine probe was used to demonstrate cycloaddition of triazine to a strained dienophile in vitro.
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Vieira, Andreia Sofia da Costa. "Rethinking Triazoles as Antifungals: Synthesis and Evaluation of New Triazole Derivatives." Master's thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/81407.

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"In the last decades, fungal infections have become a serious problem, mainly due to the excessive use of this reduced number of drugs, leading to an increase of acquired resistances1. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new and more effective antifungal medicines. The main objective of this master's thesis was the development of novel antifungal drugs, based on triazoles and pyrimidines, combining two groups with antifungal properties, known to be active in combinatorial therapies, in a single molecule. For the synthesis of these compounds, Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition methodologies, catalyzed by copper2 or ruthenium3 were employed. 1,4- and 1,5-triazoles derived from AZT (azidothymidine) were synthesized successfully as well as their methylated triazolium salts. Similarly, 1,4-triazoles derived from 5-fluorouracil were synthesized, as well as one methylated derivative. In general, the synthesis of the azidothymidine derivatives presented higher yields than those of 5-fluorouracil.(...)"
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Khaldi, Zineb. "Elaboration et évaluation biologique de nouveaux matériaux lignocellulosiques antibactériens." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0090/document.

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La contamination des surfaces par des bactéries et l’émergence de souches résistantes aux antimicrobiens sont des problèmes très préoccupants dans différents domaines tel que les domaines hospitalier et alimentaire. Cette contamination commence par l’adhésion de bactéries pathogènes sur une surface jusqu’à la formation de biofilms. Ces derniers contribuent à l’émergence de résistances de certaines souches bactériennes aux traitements conventionnels. Pour répondre à ces problèmes de contamination des surfaces, ces travaux de thèse portent sur le développement de nouveaux matériaux antibactériens à base de fibres de pâte à papier. Nous nous sommes intéressés, dans une première partie, à l’élaboration d’un papier antibactérien par le greffage, via un lien triazine, de deux composés d’huiles essentielles, le thymol et le carvacrol, connus pour leurs activités antibactériennes. L’évaluation microbiologique des matériaux élaborés, sur les deux souches bactériennes testées, E.coli et S.aureus, a montré un effet bactériostatique. Ces matériaux bloquent donc la croissance bactérienne empêchant ainsi la formation des biofilms. Une synergie entre le thymol et le carvacrol lorsqu’ils sont greffés sur les fibres de pâte à papier a également été montré. Dans une deuxième partie, notre étude s’est focalisée sur l’élaboration d’un papier antibactérien qui n’acquière son activité qu’après greffage et formation du motif actif « aryl-1,2,3-triazole ». Le greffage est réalisé par une réaction de « Click Chemistry », la cycloaddition de Huisguen catalysée par le cuivre I. Les tests antibactériens révèlent l’importance du substituant de l’aryle, l’influence du temps de contact et la pertinence d’utiliser des mélanges de matériaux. L’activité antibactérienne observée sur les fibres de la pâte thermomécanique est meilleure dans les deux parties. Les différents résultats obtenus sont décrits dans ce manuscrit
The contamination of surfaces by bacteria and the emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains are very worrying problems in different areas such as hospital and food. This contamination begins with the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria on a surface until the formation of biofilms. These biofilms contribute to the emergence of resistances of certain bacterial strains to conventional treatments. To answer these problems of surface contamination, this thesis work focuses on the development of new antibacterial materials based on pulp fibers. In the first part, we focused on the development of an antibacterial paper by grafting, via triazine link, two essential oil compounds, thymol and carvacrol, known for their antibacterial activities. The microbiological evaluation of the developed materials against the two bacterial strains tested, E. coli and S. aureus, showed a bacteriostatic effect. These materials block the bacterial growth thus preventing the biofilms formation. Synergy between thymol and carvacrol grafted onto paper has also been shown. In a second part, our study focused on the development of an antibacterial paper that acquires its activity only after the grafting and formation of "aryl-1,2,3-triazole", the active motif. The grafting is carried out by a reaction of "Click Chemistry", the copper (I)-catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition. The antibacterial tests reveal the importance of the aryl substituent, the influence of the contact time and the relevance of using mixtures of materials. The antibacterial activity observed on the thermomechanical pulp fibers is better in both parts. The different results obtained are described in this manuscript
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4

Fiscus, David Michael. "The chemistry of 3-diazo-3H̲-1,4-triazole and 3H̲-1,2,4- triazol-3-ylidene /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260135358319.

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Canduzini, Hugo Antonio. "Síntese e funcionalização de 1,2,3-triazóis via reação de cicloadição [3+2] de azidas e acetilenos terminais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9138/tde-07032013-094439/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar a síntese e funcionalização de 1,2,3- triazóis empregando o uso de reações do tipo \"Click-chemistry\", que é uma abordagem para a síntese de diversos compostos com base em reações de formação de ligação carbono-heteroátomo, onde a reação é estereoespecífica, altamente eficiente e geralmente com elevados rendimentos e em alguns casos ausência de subprodutos. O composto 1,2,3-triazol, sendo o material de partida para a continuidade do projeto foi preparado a partir do álcool propargílico (4) em presença de uma azida orgânica (1) e utilizando cobre(I) como agente promotor. Após a obtenção de uma série de compostos 1,2,3-triazólicos (2), procedeu-se a etapa de tosilação da hidroxila e posterior cicloadição multicomponente de um novo 1,2,3-triazol formando compostos bis-triazólicos. Os bis-triazóis (5) obtidos foram testados frente a cepas fúngicas, responsáveis por dermatites, com resultados satisfatórios. Ainda essas estruturas poderão ser empregados como blocos construtores para a síntese de estruturas mais complexas.
The aim of this work has been exploring the synthesis and functionalization of 1,2,3-triazoles employing the use of \"click-chemistry\" concept, which is defined as an approach for synthesis of various compounds based on reactions of carbon-heteroatom bond formation, which the reaction is stereospecific, high-efficiently, commonly gives high yields and in some cases no by-products are formed. The compound 1,2,3-triazole, which is the main starting material for the next steps was prepared from propargyl alcohol (4) in the presence of an organic azide (1) and copper(I) as a reaction promoter. Subsequently with a series of 1,2,3-triazole (2n) prepared we proceeded to the next step which is the substitution of hydroxyl for a tosyl group and after that a multicomponent cycloaddition of a new 1,2,3-triazole compound forming bis-triazoles. Bis-triazoles (5) were tested against fungal strains, responsible for dermatitis, with delighted results, furhtermore this class of strutures can be used as building blocks to improve efficiency in some other more complex structure.
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6

Cong, Mei. "Design, synthesis and characterization of novel triazole nucleoside analogues." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4018.

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Les analogues de nucléosides sont d'une importance considérable dans la recherche de nouveaux candidats médicaments antiviraux et anticancéreux. La ribavirine est en effet le premier nucléoside triazole antiviral synthétique. Elle est toujours activement utilisée en milieu hospitalier pour le traitement de l'hépatite C et celui des pandémies virales émergentes. Récemment, le besoin de nouveaux agents thérapeutiques efficaces dotés de nouveaux mécanismes d'action a donc créé un regain d'intérêt dans la création de nouvelles entités structurelles de nucléosides triazoles. Au cours de mon doctorat, j’ai été activement engagée dans l’élaboration de nouvelles structures O-arylées et S-arylées de nucléosides triazoles. Les nucléosides triazoles O-arylés ont été obtenus par substitution nucléophile aromatique initiée par micro-ondes, tandis que les nucléosides triazoles S-arylés ont été synthétisés par réaction de couplage C-S en utilisant un catalyseur palladié possédant des ligands mixtes nouvellement mis au point dans notre laboratoire. Le concept du système de catalyseur à ligands mixtes est extrêmement avantageux et enrichissant puisqu’il permet de combiner de façon rationnelle des ligands possédant des fonctionnalités complémentaires afin de promouvoir des réactions avec des substrats pour lesquels ces réactions sont très compliquées. Enfin, afin d'améliorer la solubilité dans l'eau des analogues nucléosidiques triazoles actifs que nous avons identifiés, j’ai tenté de conjuguer le nucléoside triazole à un dendrimère amphiphile dans le but d'élaborer un système de délivrance efficace des médicaments et ainsi d’améliorer leur biodisponibilité
Nucleoside mimics are of considerable importance in the search of antiviral and anticancer drug candidates. One noteworthy example is ribavirin, the first synthetic antiviral triazole nucleoside discovered 40 years ago, which is still actively in clinic use for treating hepatitis C infection and emerging viral pandemics. Recently, ribavirin has been also reported to demonstrate apoptosis-related anticancer effects and is in clinical trial for treating leukemia. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in creating new structural entities of triazole nucleosides with the aim of developing potent therapeutic agents with novel mechanisms of action. During my PhD program, I have been actively engaged in constructing structurally novel O-arylated and S-arylated triazole nucleosides. The O-arylated triazole nucleosides were obtained via microwave promoted aromatic nucleophilic substitution, whereas the S-arylated triazole nucleosides were synthesized via C-S coupling reaction using our newly developed mixed ligand Pd catalyst (Pd2(dba)3/Xantphos/CyPF-tBu). The concept of the mixed ligand catalyst system is extremely advantageous and rewarding, offering a unique opportunity to rationally combine ligands with complementary features in order to promote the reactions with challenging substrates which are otherwise difficult to proceed. Finally, in order to improve bioavailability of the active triazole nucleoside analogues identified in our group, I have attempted to conjugate the triazole nucleoside to an amphiphilic dendrimer in the view to establishing an effective drug delivery system and offering a better bioavailability
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REDENTI, SARA. "DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GSK-3β AND CK-1δ INHIBITORS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908172.

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Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-β (GSK-3β) and Casein Kinase 1-δ (CK-1δ) are both highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinases that seem to be involved in neuroinflammation and in the development and progression of several disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). In particular, both are related to the hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein, one of the major hallmark of AD and other taupathies. So, the inhibition of GSK-3β and or CK-1δ could represent a strategy for the treatment of these unmet diseases. The main purpose of this thesis is the synthesis of new chemical entities as GSK-3β and/or CK-1δ inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative disorders. Since all kinases present an ATP-binding site, we can deduce that adenine-like nuclei could be suitable scaffolds to design novel ATP-competitive inhibitors. In particular, we focused our attention on fused 5 and 6 membered rings: [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]triazines (TT) and [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines (TP), two classes of heterocyclic derivatives well known in literature. Both TT and TP scaffolds were obtained following the synthetic pathways reported in literature. Computational studies helped us to decide the pattern of substitutions to introduce on the above-mentioned nuclei: in particular, we modified positions 2, 5 and 7 of the TT nucleus and 2, 5, 7 and 8 of the TP one. After chemical characterization through 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and ESI-MS, all the synthetized derivatives were assayed against GSK-3β and/or CK-1δ. On the most promising compounds, kinetic experiments, to investigate the inhibitory mechanism towards the kinases, and PAMPA assay for predicting the brain permeability were performed. Different substituents were inserted in both TT and TP nuclei and good inhibitors of GSK-3β and/or CK-1δ were obtained with IC50 values in the submicromolar range. Moreover, the insertion of a Michael acceptor moiety (eg. cyanacrylamide) in position 2 of the TT scaffold led to a potent GSK-3β irreversible inhibitor (IC50=0.17 μM) that inhibited also CK-1δ in an ATP competitive manner with an IC50 value of 0.68 μM, and for these reasons it could be considered a good dual inhibitor of GSK-3β and CK-1δ. Its reactivity in front of thiols was evaluated through UV-spectrometry and HPLC-MS methodology and its binding mode to GSK-3β has been investigated, both theoretically and experimentally. In fact, kinetic assays showed a mixed ATP-competitive/non-ATP-competitive behavior of the TT derivative; on the other hand, time-dependent experiments confirmed that a covalent interaction with GSK-3β took place. Interestingly, despite the dual inhibitor has not shown an optimal BBB-permeability, it resulted able to increase the survival of cells treated with 6-OHDA or MPTP, two models of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and also to enhance β-catenin expression.
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Wareman, P. J. "Regioselectivity of 1,2,4-triazole." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639348.

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The project investigated the regioselectivity of 1,2,4-triazole with 1,1-diphenylepoxide. Typically N1 substitution was favoured over N4 substitution resulting in isomer ratios of 85-90/15-10. The kinetic factors affecting the regioselectivity were investigated and showed the importance of the 1,2,4-triazole anion. When 1,2,4-triazole reacted in the form of its ambident anion greater preference for the 1-isomer was observed. The use of low reactant concentrations and dipolar aprotic solvents were shown to increase the formation of the ambident anion. Under these favourable conditions the isomer ratio obtained was 95/5. Synthesis of new epoxides and subsequent reaction with 1,2,4-triazole had no effect on the regioselectivity. Thermodynamic control of the regioselectivity was then observed with the 1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole being the thermally more stable isomer. The mechanism was shown to occur through the nucleophilic displacement of the triazole anion and formation of the epoxide. The 1-isomer was also seen to be the thermally more stable isomer regardless of the alkyl group and that it is formed in a ratio with the 4-isomer approaching the ratio found in the prototropic tautomer equilibrium of 1,2,4-triazole. Under thermodynamic control the equilibrium mixture was shown to be 99.3/0.7 by both experimental and theoretical (free energy diagrams) methods. From the literature other azoles are seen to exhibit thermodynamically controlled regioselectivity and are therefore also open to the predictive approach to their equilibrium isomer ratios from their respective prototropic tautomer equilibriums.
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Obszynski, Julie. "Conception et synthèse d'aminoglycosides guidées par l'ARN." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF018.

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Le développement de nouveaux antibiotiques est un enjeu majeur de santé publique. Etant donné, le fort potentiel des aminoglycosides en tant qu’antibiotique, ces composés ont attisé l’intérêt de plusieurs groupes de recherche. Cependant, leur usage est encore très limité, malgré leur ancienneté, du fait de leur toxicité et du développement toujours croissant des mécanismes de résistances aux aminoglycosides. Afin de mieux appréhender les problèmes inhérents à leur utilisation, il est crucial de mieux comprendre leur action sur les différentes cibles cellulaires, et d’étudier leur interaction avec leur cible moléculaire (ARN et protéine). En plus de leur pouvoir antibiotique, les aminoglycosides sont également des ligands universels pour des ARN, capables d’interagir spécifiquement avec notamment les ARN du VIH-1 suivants : DIS, TAR, RRE. L’élaboration d’aminoglycosides modifiés présente un énorme avantage car le domaine d’application, et en conséquence les retombées, sont grandes. Néanmoins, la complexité structurale de ces molécules est un frein majeur, la fonctionnalisation chimiosélective est indispensable mais malheureusement peu décrite dans la littérature. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons développé deux types d’approches pour cibler le DIS et/ou le site A du ribosome bactérien. La première originale, mais risquée se base sur le concept de click in situ. La seconde approche est traditionnelle et est basée sur la fonctionnalisation sélective de certaines positions clés des aminoglycosides
The development of new antibiotics is a major public health issue. Given the high potential of aminoglycosides as antibiotics, these compounds have aroused great interest in many research groups. However, despite their maturity, their use is still limited because of their toxicity and the increasing development of resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides. To better understand the problems inherent to their use, it is crucial to understand their action a cellular level, and to study the interactions with their molecular targets (RNA and protein). In addition to their antibiotic power, aminoglycosides are also universal ligands for several RNAs, capable of specific interactions with RNAs of HIV-1: DIS, TAR and RRE. The elaboration of modified aminoglycosides presents a huge advantage because the domain of application, and therefore the benefits, are important. Nevertheless, the structural complexity of these molecules is a major constraint, chemoselective functionalization is essential but unfortunately poorly described in the literature.In this work, we developed two approaches to target the DIS and/or the A site of the bacterialribosome. The first one, unique but challenging is based on the concept of in situ click chemistry. The second approach is conventional and is based on the selective functionalization of some keypositions of aminoglycosides
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Small, A. "Regiospecific reactions of 1,2,4-triazole." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639059.

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An in-depth study on the alkylation of the ambident 1,2,4-triazole nucleophile has been made. Typical alkylations of 1,2,4-trizole with alkyl halides or epoxides in the presence of base, yield both the 1-isomer and small quantitities (ca 5-30%) of the 4-isomer. Subsequent research enabled three novel regiospecific 1,2,4-triazole alkylations to be developed. Firstly, it was found that 1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole derivatives can be obtained regiospecifically upon the reaction of 1,2,4-triazole with alkyl halide at elevated temperatures in the absence of base. The reactions proceed through the intermediacy of a quaternary salt which breaks down in heat to give only the thermodynamically stable 1-isomer. Knowledge of this quaternary salt mechanism enabled a novel isomerisation process to be developed. It was found that on heating with a catalytic quantity of corresponding alkyl or phenacyl halide, 4-alkyl- or 4-phenacyl-1,2,4-triazoles isomerise via quaternary salts to their 1-substituted isomers. The reactions of 1,2,4-triazole with aldehydes offered another regiospecific route to the 1-isomer. The initially obtained hemi-aminal was readily converted to the α-methanesulphonate ester (mesyl) leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution upon this reactive ester then allowed the formation of various α-substituted-1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole derivatives, many of which are commercially important. The above alkylation via the hemi-aminal was unsuccessful for aromatic aldehydes where hemi-aminal formation does not occur. An alternative process was developed which utilised the reaction of 1-trifluoroacetyl-1,2,4-triazole with aldehyde to form the 1-(1-trifluoroacetoxyalkyl)-1,2,4-triazole derivative. Subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the trifluoroacetoxy group again allowed the formation of various α-substituted-1-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
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Books on the topic "Triazale"

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Košmrlj, Janez, ed. Click Triazoles. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29429-7.

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Ballantine, Larry G., Janis E. McFarland, and Dennis S. Hackett, eds. Triazine Herbicides: Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0683.

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Dehaen, Wim, and Vasiliy A. Bakulev, eds. Chemistry of 1,2,3-triazoles. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07962-2.

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1944-, Ballantine Larry Gene, McFarland Janis E. 1956-, and Hackett Dennis S. 1950-, eds. Triazine herbicides: Risk assessment. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998.

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Saka, John Danwell Kalenga. Studies in 1, 2, 3-triazine chemistry. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1985.

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Blackman, Claire. Studies on carbinolamine-containing triazine antitumour agents. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, 1994.

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Byrne, John Joseph. Disease Control and Yield Improvement in Winter Wheat using Strobilurin and Triazole Chemistry. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Pesticide Programs. Special Review and Reregistration Division. Reregistration eligibility decision: 1,3,5-triethylhexahydro-s-triazine, list C, case 3147. [Washington, D.C.?]: Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Special Review and Reregistration Division, 1997.

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Feakin, Stephanie J. Biotreatment of surface waters to remove s-triazine herbicides: FR/K 0002, June, 1994. Marlow, Buckinghamshire: Foundation for Water Research, 1994.

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D, Sobel Jack, and Wayne State University. School of Medicine., eds. Clinical perspectives: Terconazole, an advance in vulvovaginal candidiasis therapy : proceedings from a symposium, Laguna Niguel, California, October 15-16, 1987. New York, NY: BMI/McGraw-Hill, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Triazale"

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Aizpurua, Jesus M., Maialen Sagartzazu-Aizpurua, and Zaira Monasterio. "Mesoionic 1,2,3-Triazoles and 1,2,3-Triazole Carbenes." In Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, 211–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7081_2014_120.

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Crowley, James D., and David A. McMorran. "“Click-Triazole” Coordination Chemistry: Exploiting 1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-Triazoles as Ligands." In Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, 31–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7081_2011_67.

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Rauf, Abdul, and Nida Nayyar Farshori. "Triazoles." In SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 57–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1485-4_8.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Triazine." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 762. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12076.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Triazine Resin." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 762. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12077.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Trihydrazide Triazine." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 766. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_12127.

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Edmunds, Andrew J. F. "Triazine Herbicides." In Bioactive Heterocyclic Compound Classes, 21–38. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527664412.ch2.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Ethylhexyl Triazone." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 193. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_3767.

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Muir, D. C. G. "Triazine Herbicides." In Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Sciences, 423–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2361-7_19.

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Mejlsøe, S. L., and A. Kakkar. "CHAPTER 7. N-Heterocyclic Dendrimers: Hyperbranched Frameworks Containing Triazole, Triazine, Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Ring Structures." In Monographs in Supramolecular Chemistry, 183–229. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012904-00183.

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Conference papers on the topic "Triazale"

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Tyrkov, Alexey, Svetlana Luzhnova, Evgenia Utyaganova, and Ekaterina Yurtayeva. "Promising materials based on Tetrahydro-[1,2,4]Oxadiazole[3,2-C][1,4]Oxazine for innovative biotechnologies." In "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.sddh5085.

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The synthesis of 2-[(1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl) dinitromethyl]-5,6,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,2,4] oxadiazol[3,2-c][1,4] oxazine is caused by the reaction of morpholine interaction in the presence of hydrogen peroxide with 2-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-2,2-dinitroacetonitrile and sodium tungstate in a catalytic amount. The latter interacts with an excess of KOH in ethanol to form the potassium salt aci-5-dinitromethyl-1,3-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole and 5,6,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,2,4] oxadiazole[3,2-c] [1,4] oxazine-2-ol. The ability of compounds 3-5 to inhibit the growth and development of museum strains of Staphylococcus aureus RP, E. coli O39, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 143 and clinical strain of Streptococcus pneumonia, as well as clinically significant species of fungi Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporumcanis and Candida albicans was investigated. It was revealed that the compounds have bacteriostatic activity against the studied bacterial strains: 3 and 4 expressed in a range of low concentrations. Compounds 3-5 demonstrate a fungistatic effect: compound 3 in a range of low concentrations. In relation to fungal strains, compounds 3-5 demonstrate a fungistatic effect: compound 3 in the range of low concentrations. Thus, as a result of the implementation of the "one pot" process, it is possible to embed oxadiazoline and oxazine cycles into the main (central) part of the compound 1 molecule, which leads to the synthesis of new drugs with antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
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Chachibaia, Tamar, and Joy Hoskeri. "In silico computer simulation risk assessment of triazole fungicides on human cytochrome p450 aromatase enzyme: cyp19a1 inhibition by triazoles using autodock software." In MOL2NET, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-1-f002.

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Jenkins, Alyn, Santosh Gopi, Jody Hoshowski, Warinthon Lertpornsuksawat, Jennifer Jackson, and Thomas Wilson. "Application of a New H2S Scavenger with Improved Performance in The Field." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206057-ms.

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The presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas occurs naturally, or can be introduced via bacteria contamination, in oil and gas reservoirs worldwide. There are several options for the removal of H2S from produced oil and gas ranging from fixed assets that scrub H2S to chemical injection at the wellsite. The area of interest for many operators is in the continuous application of non-reversible chemical H2S scavengers as an easy, reliable and cost-effective solution. The majority of the non-reversible chemical H2S scavenger market is based on triazine technology derived from the reaction products of formaldehyde and amines. In recent past, there has been an active industry wide search to improve the overall performance of H2S scavengers. Major topics for improvement include: Increased H2S scavenging capacityReduction of nitrogen contamination of crude oilReduction of scale formationElimination of by-product depositionAddressing existing environmental, health and safety concernsMinimization of products/reaction by-products disposal Conversely, some of the biggest hurdles with new H2S scavengers are ensuring fast kinetic reaction rates, system compatibility, consumption rates, minimal precipitation of scavenger/by-products, scalable manufacturing and competitive economics. Many new products have been proposed by chemical manufactures but often are not able to deliver enough benefits to warrant a change from the industry standard triazine. One potential solution is to pull through a technology from a different industry that already has established production, in significant volumes, for use in oilfield applications. Ideally, the new product would offer better performance versus the incumbent, a reduction in nitrogen content and minimize solids formation and deposition. A product identified several years ago as a potential replacement was an oxazolidine derivative referred to as MBO (3,3’-methylenebis(5-methyloxazolidine)). However, MBO has had limited application in the field until recently. MBO offers some of the same benefits as triazine but outperforms the incumbent technology by increasing the consumption of H2S per mole of scavenger, reducing the nitrogen content in crude oil, reducing the by-product deposition potential. Moreover, MBO is already produced in large manufacturing quantities. In this paper we will discuss details about the chemistry and increased formaldehyde content, laboratory results related to performance, system compatibilities, decreased transportation cost and confirmation of field application on large scale that supports the usage of this alternative H2S scavenger to standard triazine. H2S scavengers are used to mitigate the risks presented by H2S. They react with H2S in the liquid phase to form non-hazardous, non-reactive species that are often water soluble and thus disposed with water. Monoethanolamine (MEA) triazine (hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine) is the most widely used scavenger. It is less toxic than most aldehyde scavengers and reacts very quickly with H2S. MEA triazine reacts irreversibly with H2S to form dithiazine (5-hydroxyethylhexahydrodithiazine). One of the major concerns with MEA triazine is that there is a strong possibility of the by-product MEA reacting with excess H2S to form an ethanolammonium sulfide species that in turn reacts with the dithiazine to form a largely insoluble polymer, commonly referred to as amorphous dithiazine. An alternative triazine used in oil and gas production is monomethylamine (MMA) triazine (1,3,5-trimethyl hexahydro-s-triazine). MMA triazine has greater volatility than MEA triazine so is more suitable for dry gas applications. In the cases on MEA triazine and MMA triazine the ratio to amine:formaldehyde is 1:1.
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Silva, Marina Goulart da, Graziele Diniz da Silva, Clebson L.Veber, Andersson Barison, Gustavo H. R. Viana, and José Augusto F. P. Villar. "Design and synthesis of triazole-chalcones." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0263-1.

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Yu, Pan, Ningning Liu, Weiyuan Yuan, Yining Wen, and Qinpei Wu. "Synthesis of 1,2,3- Triazole Nucleoside Analogues." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itms-15.2015.264.

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Dreyer, Christian, Alfred Blume, Monika Bauer, Jörg Bauer, and Jens Neumann-Rodekirch. "Triazine based Dendrimers." In The 4th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-4-01879.

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Patel, Hasmukh, Kenneth Johnson, and Roland Martinez. "Triazine Polymers for Improving Elastic Properties in Oil Well Cements." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204333-ms.

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Abstract The oil well cement placed in the annulus between casings and the formations experience high stresses under downhole conditions. These frequent stresses deteriorate the mechanical properties of cement and lead to the formation of micro-cracks and fractures, which affect production and increases the cost of operation. Although several polymeric materials have been employed to improve tensile properties of the cement, these additives have also adversely affected the compressive strength of the cement. A highly stable polymeric additive, triazine-based polymers, is designed, synthesized, and compounded with the cement to improve the tensile properties of the well-cement. Triazine polymer was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The triazine polymer was mixed with cement and the cement slurries were cured at 180 °F under 3000 psi for 3 days. The set-cement samples were subjected to mechanical testing under high temperature and high pressure to study the elastic properties of the cement. The introduction of this polymer into the cement has improved the elastic properties of the cement with minimum reduction in compressive strength. The thickening time, dynamic compressive strength development, rheology, fluid loss properties, and brazilian tensile strength of the control and cement with triazine polymers were studied to understand the effect of this newly developed polymeric additive. The molecular interaction of the triazine polymer with cement particles has shown formation of covalent linkage between the polymer and cement particle. We have observed a 15 % decrease in Young's modulus for cement compounded with 2%wt. of triazine polymer, indicating the introduction of elastic properties in wellbore cement.
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Rangel-Rojo, Raul, Hiro Matsuda, K. Kimura, Miguel A. Mendez-Rojas, and William H. Watson. "Wavelength-resolved nonlinearity on triazole-quinone derivatives." In Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, edited by Mark G. Kuzyk, Manfred Eich, and Robert A. Norwood. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.502502.

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Nascimento, Wilson S., Celso Amorim Camara, and Ronaldo N. de Oliveira. "Synthesis of New 1,2,3-triazole-1,4-naphthoquinones." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0330-2.

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Rangel-Rojo, Raul, L. Stranges, Ajoy K. Kar, M. A. Mendez-Rojas, and W. H. Watson. "Near-resonance nonlinearities in triazole-quinone derivatives." In IV Iberoamerican Meeting of Optics and the VII Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and Their Applications, edited by Vera L. Brudny, Silvia A. Ledesma, and Mario C. Marconi. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.437064.

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Reports on the topic "Triazale"

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Dontsova, Katerina, Susan Taylor, Jennifer Arthur, Julie Becher, Mark Brusseau, Edward Hunt, Noah Mark, Dave Ringelberg, Jirí Šimunek, and Marianne Walsh. Dissolution of NTO, DNAN, and insensitive munitions formulations and their fates in soils : SERDP ER-2220. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45920.

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The US military is interested in replacing TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) and RDX (1,3,5-hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) with DNAN (2,4-di-nitroanisole) and NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one), which have similar explosive characteristics but are less likely to detonate unintentionally. Although these replacements are good explosives, basic information about their fate and transport was needed to evaluate their environmental impact and life-cycle management. This project measured their dissolution, photodegradation, and how aqueous solutions interact with soils, data critical to determining exposure potential and, consequently, risk.
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2

Lee, Kien-Yin, and C. Storm. Preparation and properties of 3-amino-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazole. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6870948.

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3

Xu, Y. E., and C. S. Sung. Photophysics of Polycyanate Resin and Triazine Compounds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada327097.

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4

Caflin, Kelley C., and Peggy Sanchez. Solubility Report of 1-Methyl-3,5-Dinitro-1H-1,2,4-Triazole (MDNT) and 2-Methyl-4,5-Dinitro-2H-1,2,3-Triazole 1-Oxide (MDNTO) for Co-Crystallization Screen. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627559.

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5

Kinkead, E. R., S. K. Bunger, and R. E. Wolfe. Irritation and Sensitization Studies on Triazine T17-2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada221922.

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6

Tesfaselassie, Elias. Antimalarial Drug Discovery using Triazoles to Overcome Chloroquine Resistance. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2503.

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7

Beal, Samuel, Matthew Bigl, and Charles Ramsey. Live-fire validation of command-detonation residues testing using a 60 mm IMX-104 munition. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45266.

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Command detonation (i.e., static firing) provides a method of testing munitions for their postdetonation residues early in the acquisition process. However, necessary modifications to the firing train and cartridge orientation raise uncertainty whether command detonation accurately represents residue deposition as it occurs during live-fire training. This study col-ected postdetonation residues from live-fired 60 mm IMX-104 mortar cartridges and then compared estimated energetic-compound deposition rates between live fire and prior command detonations of the same munition. Average live-fire deposition rates of IMX-104 compounds determined from 11 detonations were 3800 mg NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one), 34 mg DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole), 12 mg RDX (1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-Triazine), and 1.9 mg HMX (1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocane) per cartridge. Total live-fire residue deposition (mean ± standard deviation: 3800 ± 900 mg/cartridge) was not significantly different from command detonation using a representative fuze simulator (3800 ± 900 mg/cartridge, n = 7, p = 0.76) but was significantly different from command detonation using a simplified fuze simulator (2200 ± 500 mg/cartridge, n = 7, p < 0.01). While the dominant residue compound NTO was broadly similar between live fire and command detonation, the minor residue compounds RDX and DNAN were underestimated during command detonation by a factor of approximately three to seven.
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Beal, Samuel, Matthew Bigl, and Charles Ramsey. Live-fire validation of command-detonation residues testing using an 81 mm IMX-104 munition. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46913.

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Postdetonation energetic residues can have environmental impacts that present a risk to military training-range sustainment. As munitions with new explosive formulations are developed and fielded, quantitative methods for assessing their residues are needed. Command detonation (i.e., static firing) allows residue testing to occur early in the acquisition process; however, its representation of live-fire residue production is uncertain due to differences in the initiation mechanism and cartridge orientation. This study aims to validate residue testing by command detonation through statistical comparison of residue deposition rates between live fire and command detonation. Live-fire residues were collected from fourteen 81 mm IMX-104 mortar cartridges fired onto snow, and deposition rates were compared with previous command-detonation tests of the same munition. Average live-fire deposition rates were 8000 mg NTO (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one), 60 mg DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole), 20 mg RDX (1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine), and 2 mg HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) per cartridge. Compared to command detonation, live fire of the study munition produced significantly greater residues of NTO (p < 0.0001) and RDX (p = 0.01) but not DNAN (p = 0.067). Although absolute deposition rates of some IMX-104 compounds differed, command detonation was successful at predicting the order of magnitude of each IMX-104 compound for the studied 81 mm munition.
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Haley, Mark V., Roman G. Kuperman, and Ronald T. Checkai. Aquatic Toxicity of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-5-One. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada508035.

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10

Stromer, Bobbi, Rebecca Crouch, Katrinka Wayne, Ashley Kimble, Jared Smith, and Anthony Bednar. Methods for simultaneous determination of 29 legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil-sediment, and tissue matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/1168142105.

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Standard methods are in place for analysis of 17 legacy munitions compounds and one surrogate in water and soil matrices; however, several insensitive munition (IM) and degradation products are not part of these analytical procedures. This lack could lead to inaccurate determinations of munitions in environmental samples by either not measuring for IM compounds or using methods not designed for IM and other legacy compounds. This work seeks to continue expanding the list of target analytes currently included in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330B. This technical report presents three methods capable of detecting 29 legacy, IM, and degradation products in a single High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method with either ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorbance detection or mass spectrometric detection. Procedures were developed from previously published works and include the addition of hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX); hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX); hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX); 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT); and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene (2,6-DANT). One primary analytical method and two secondary (confirmation) methods were developed capable of detecting 29 analytes and two surrogates. Methods for high water concentrations (direct injection), low-level water concentrations (solid phase extraction), soil (solvent extraction), and tissue (solvent extraction) were tested for analyte recovery of the new compounds.
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