Journal articles on the topic 'Tres Virgene'
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1
Disalvo, Santiago. "Hortus deliciarum et flos spineti : el jardín y las flores de María, de la poesía litúrgica a la lírica hispánica medieval." Revista do Centro de Estudos Portugueses 30, no. 44 (December 31, 2010): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2359-0076.30.44.131-151.
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<p>El jardín de María es uno de los logros artísticos más refinados y elevados de la Europa medieval, con innumerables manifestaciones en la plástica, la poesía y la música. El tema se presenta aquí en tres breves pasos: el motivo de la Virgen como flor y la Virgen como jardín en algunas muestras de poesía litúrgica europea, un momento de confluencia entre el <em>locus amoenus </em>amatorio y el jardín mariano, y el jardín de María en la lírica hispánica medieval, de tipo litúrgico.</p> <p>Mary’s garden is one of the most refined and elevated artistic accomplishments in medieval Europe, with countless expressions in art, poetry, and music. The subject is presented here in three brief steps: the motif of the Virgin as a flower and the Virgin as a garden in some samples of European liturgical poetry, the possible confluence of <em>locus amoenus </em>love topic and the Marian garden, and Mary’s garden in the medieval Hispanic liturgical lyric.</p><p> </p>
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Kahn, Daniel A., and David Baltimore. "Pregnancy primes an antigen specific maternal regulatory T cell response to fetal male antigen (33.6)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2009): 33.6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.33.6.
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Abstract Maternal CD4+ T cells awareness of fetal antigens is not well studied. T regulatory (Treg) cells, a powerful subset of CD4+ T cells, are capable of limiting robust immune responses. Tregs are implicated in maternal tolerance of the fetus. Methods Virgin female 6 week old C57BL/6 mice bred with male littermates or immunized with KLH/CFA. Splenocytes from virgin, parous, and pregnant mice (day post coitus 6.5, 12.5, and 18.5) and from KLH/CFA immunized mice on day 7. Proliferative response to CD4+ T cell peptide epitope of the H-Y antigen (DBY), control peptide (LSO), or KLH determined in co-cultures. Treg isolation by magnetic bead separation of CD25+ cells. Results Pregnant and parous splenocytes proliferate in response to DBY. Virgin splenocytes do not respond to DBY. Depletion of Tregs augments response to DBY in the context of pregnancy; not in virgin mice. Earlier in pregnancy, more male fetuses are required for a detectable response than later in pregnancy. Tregs isolated from pregnant mouse splenocytes co-cultured with Treg depleted splenocytes from KLH/CFA immunized mice are able to suppress proliferative response to KLH only in the presence of DBY. ConclusionsPregnancy leads to maternal CD4+ T cell awareness of the fetus in proportion to the antigenic dose and is associated with a regulatory T cell response. Tregs are functional (suppressive) only in the presence of the antigen to which they were developed.
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Drößler, L., and B. von Lüpke. "Canopy gaps in two virgin beech forest reserves in Slovakia." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 10 (January 10, 2012): 446–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4578-jfs.
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The formation, size distribution and percentage of gaps in two virgin deciduous forests are presented in two case studies. Gaps are defined as openings in the canopy above 2/3 of stand height. These gaps comprise <br />16% of the forest area in Havešová Reserve and 14.6% of the forest area in Kyjov Reserve. The estimated turnover time is <br />220 years. More than half the gaps were caused by the death of one tree, and 80% of the gaps were due to the death of up to 3 trees. The largest gap in Havešová Reserve was 0.40 ha, resulting from the death of 56 trees over the last 40 years. The area of the largest gap in Kyjov Reserve was 0.44 ha. It was caused by the death of 80 trees over the last 40 years. Such large gaps are scarce. 85% of the gaps are smaller than 250 m². A correction of the bias towards the over-abundance of large gaps by line-transect sampling was made by estimating the percentage area of gaps of different size from the percentage length along the transects. In Havešová an attempt was made to date the death of trees that were still visible in the gaps. 1/5 of the trees initiated gaps by their death, while 4/5 of the trees extended gaps. While uprooted trees dominate in Havešová, breakage is most common in Kyjov.
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Alarcón Calixto, Karinna, Clarissa Barrionuevo, Arturo Bazán Rojas, Evelyn Catacore Carricholi, Jacqueline Espinoza Escobar, Katia Espinoza Galván, Orlando García Concha, et al. "Parte II. Tradicional fiesta patronal en homenaje a la santísima “Virgen de las Nieves”." Revista de antropología, no. 7 (January 31, 2013): 279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/antropologia.v0i7.19953.
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1. Aparición de la Virgen
Se dice que cuatro hermanas caminaban por la nevada Sara-Sara, la Virgen de las Nieves junto con sus tres hermanas: La Virgen del Carmen de Chumpi, la Virgen de Copacabana de Cahuacho y la Virgen de las Nieves de Cora-Cora. Estas mujeres conforme iban descendiendo de dicho nevado iban tomando distinto camino, la mujer que se dirigió a Qasiri era la Virgen de las Nieves.
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Veska, J., J. Šebesta, and T. Kolář. "Changes of the mixed mountain virgin forest after 70 years on a permanent plot in the Ukrainian Carpathians 567." Journal of Forest Science 55, No. 12 (December 7, 2009): 567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2009-jfs.
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During 2004–2006, another permanent research plot (No. 12) on Pop Ivan Marmarosh Mt. in the Zakarpattya province of Ukraine was renewed, i.e. re-measured and re-analyzed. The plot was originally established in the 30’s of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. The tree layer is dominated by European beech (<I>Fagus sylvatica</I> L.), with Silver fir (<I>Abies alba</I> Mill.) and Norway spruce (<I>Picea abies</I> [L.] Karst.) as often associated species, and with sycamore maple (<I>Acer pseudoplatanus</I> L.) growing occasionally in small groups. After 70 years, the tree species composition partly changed. Total live timber volume increased from 529.6 to 636.3 m<sup>3</sup>/ha. Considerable growth was recorded in beech, while the live timber volume of fir, spruce and sycamore maple did not almost change. Total number of trees (> 3 cm in dbh) increased from 737 trees/ha to 760 trees/ha. Number of beech trees increased markedly. On the contrary, fir and spruce showed a significant decrease in tree number. Interesting results emerged from the renewal of the permanent square plot (20 × 20 m), proving that beech is able to persist in the shade for more than 70 years with only minimal increment of both height and diameter.
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Plaza Roig, Ana. "Matheo Pisarro: iconografías disímiles para una devoción eficaz." Eikon / Imago 11 (March 1, 2022): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.77362.
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A partir del descubrimiento de la firma de Matheo Pisarro, pintor activo en el altiplano jujeño a fines del siglo XVII, se sucedieron investigaciones que contribuyeron a definir su formación, características formales y materiales de su obra. En tanto las elecciones iconográficas del pintor aún no han sido indagadas, el presente artículo hará foco en los casos en los que una misma temática ha sido tratada de diferentes formas, como en las tres pinturas de la Coronación de la Virgen por la Santísima Trinidad. Tras la realización de un relevamiento de estampas europeas y pinturas coloniales y un análisis iconográfico y comparativo que buscó destacar los vínculos entre las imágenes, distinguimos dos tipologías que se diferencian por el modo de representación de la Santísima Trinidad y la resolución formal del manto de la Virgen. Nuestra propuesta es que ambas tipologías proponen una variación iconográfica que resultó efectiva en la época: uno de los modelos se asocia a una estampa de Karel Von Mallery que representa una Trinidad clásica – como lo estipulan los tratados–, mientras que el otro dialoga con una serie de pinturas cuzqueñas que presentan una iconografía sui géneris, de Trinidad antropomorfa y manto triangular de la Virgen.
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Golovata, N. "Our Lady’s miracle-working icons and the semiotics of the world tree." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 87 (March 26, 2019): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2019.87.1317.
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The article is devoted to study of the modes of inheritance of cultural symbols. In particular, it is a research of perception in Christianity of preceding cultures’ archetypes. The study provides the analysis of semantic links between the symbols of the World Tree, the Vivifying Cross and the meaning of the Blessed Virgin image. The article shows how the pre-Christian symbols of the World Tree and the cross itself were merged and transformed in Christian theology, liturgy and iconography in the image of Golgotha Cross. The cross acquires the features of a Cosmic Tree, which combines the lower and the upper worlds – the heaven and the earth, life and death. The symbol of the tree is often substituted by the image of a woman appearing in this case as a symbol of life and fertility and evokes the associations with the genealogical tree. Therefore, the connection between the World Tree and the Blessed Virgin is proved to be natural.
On the basis of the historical sources the author analyzes the legends and evidences of the revelations and discoveries of the Blessed Mary’s icons on the trees of a certain kinds. The study explicates the symbolic meaning of those trees spread in a global world, in Slavic and Ukrainian cultural traditions. In particular, the research encloses the semantics of the following kinds of trees: fir tree, linden, pear tree, oak, willow, blackthorn. Every kind of those trees has a special symbolic meaning. The novelty of the research is that it for the first time proves the semantic connection of sacred meaning of miracle icons and of the certain kinds of trees. The study defines the limited range of those trees and, on the other hand, the kinds of other trees believed to be vile and thus never appeared in the legends about the discoveries of miracle icons.
As a conclusion, the research proves the existence of the autochtonal tradition of correlation of the semantics of miracle icons of Our Lady with the certain kinds of trees in the result of synthesis of the ancient symbolism and Christianity. In every case, the symbolic meanings of trees had archaic origin and connection with the ancient cosmogonical concepts. Depending on the particular semantic nuance emphasized in the World Tree, the priority of a certain kind of tree determined. On the whole, the study demonstrates the importance of the symbols in forming of cultural identity and for understanding of interrelations of cultures at the deep semantic level.
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Vanden Berghe, Kristine. "Culpables impunes y narradores no fiables: tres cold cases en Cartucho, Crónica de una muerte anunciada y La virgen de los sicarios." Iberoromania 2021, no. 93 (May 1, 2021): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iber-2021-0002.
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Resumen se pone a prueba en el ámbito hispanoamericano la idea de Marc Escola de que, en la literatura, andan impunes numerosos delincuentes. Basándonos en el esquema propuesto por Theresa Heyd sobre el narrador no fiable investigamos en torno a los crímenes relatados en Cartucho, Crónica de una muerte anunciada y La virgen de los sicarios. Estas pesquisas sugieren que los narradores – todos dobles de sus autores – tienen interés en dar una versión poco transparente de los hechos. En los tres textos, la coyuntura histórica contribuye a escamotear el carácter privado y pasional de los crímenes tras la fachada de una violencia sistémica y pública.
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De Melo, Bruna Guedes, Mariana Borges de Lima Dutra, and Natali Alcântara Brandão. "Effect of packaging characteristics on the consumer decision-making process of extra virgin olive oils." South Florida Journal of Development 2, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 4591–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n3-060.
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ABSTRACT
The present study evaluated the effect of visual characteristics of six packages of extra virgin olive oil using the focus group research method. The samples were evaluated by 24 consumers in three sessions, with the presence of a moderator who made the questions, and an assistant who recorded the information discussed. The results showed that the package material, color variety, design, and clear and distributed information were the visual characteristics that most influenced the purchase intention of olive oils. Moreover, it is also concluded that consumers do not know the correct definition of extra virgin olive oil and acidity index, thus it is necessary to improve the interactions between consumers and products to provide a better understanding of food labels.
RESUMEN
El presente estudio evaluó el efecto de las características visuales de seis envases de aceite de oliva virgen extra mediante el método de investigación de grupo focal. Las muestras fueron evaluadas por 24 consumidores en tres sesiones, con la presencia de un moderador que realizó las preguntas, y un asistente que registró la información discutida. Los resultados mostraron que el material del envase, la variedad de colores, el diseño y la información clara y distribuida fueron las características visuales que más influyeron en la intención de compra de los aceites de oliva. Además, también se concluye que los consumidores desconocen la definición correcta de aceite de oliva virgen extra y de índice de acidez, por lo que es necesario mejorar las interacciones entre los consumidores y los productos para proporcionar una mejor comprensión de las etiquetas de los alimentos.
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Ponomarenko, O. L. "The birds communities functional structure dynamics in the ash individual consortia under the influence of the climatic factors annual dynamics." Ecology and Noospherology 29, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031804.
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The studying of the connections between the birds and consortia is impossible without their dynamics research. The amount of organisms that are part of the consortium is large enough and their significant part is active only for some year part, the full extent of the links detection is impossible without the seasonal dynamics analyses. The article is devoted to the bird communities in individual consortia of such edificator of the linden-ash-tree oak groves, as the ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.). This work material was collected in different seasons of 2004–2010 years in a linden-ash oak grove on the test plot No. 209 of the ecological profile of the NSC «Belgard Prisamar`e International Biospheric stationary», Novomoskovsk district, Dnepropetrovsk region. The individual consortia of 183 ash examples of three age conditions (virgins – virg, young generative – gl, mature and old generative individuals – g2–g3) were investigated. The ash consortia have in their composition topomorphs of the woodbirds, edge birds, and ubiquitous birds. Woodbirds are the dominant birds group. They completely dominate in the virginia ash consortia and significantly prevail over the ubiquitous on young generative trees. An edge birds group appears only on old and mature generative trees. Climamorphs are represented by year-round and seasonal bird species. The ratio of these two groups in consortia varies during the year, but in general, year-round bird species dominate. Therefore, the interaction system of the birds with ash has is quit stable. The virginal ash has seasonal species only in summer and autumn. The generative ashes of all the categories have the both climamorphe groups during the year. This indicates that a stable system of the birds with ash consortive interactions has been formed only with the fruiting beginning. The trophomorphs are the most diverse group of the morphs. Such biomorphs as zoophages, phytophages, omnivores are represented in the ash consortium. Within these biomorphs, second-order biomors were identified: seed-eaters, fruit-eaters, observers, sweepers, deep sweepers. The third order trophomorphs were also distinguished as the size links. The trophomorphs greatest variety was recorded for the young generative trees – 13 trophomorphs of the second and third orders. The mature and old generative trees have 12 trophomorphs. The virginal trees – only 2 trophomorphs. This is partly due to the neighboring tree species influence in the tree stand composition. It was found that the virgin trees have the lowest biomorphic diversity of the birds, and the generative trees have the highest one. This distinguishes ash from the other tree species. The reason of this is that the mature and old generative ash (g2–g3) has a crown located above the upper layer. The semi-open architecture of this tree crown is also facilitate to this. In such conditions birds don’t find enough places for their protection from predators, so they spend a little time on this tree, and don’t delay in its crown. The young generative ash crowns are within the upper and middle tree layers, so they have safer conditions for birds. The studies conducted in different seasons, also has found an interesting feature of the ash. Unlike other species, the ash is the least attractive for birds in the fall. In winter the birds visit this tree quite actively. The ash high fecundity and its seeds remaining on the tree branches in winter are the reason of this fact. As a result, some birds feed the ash tree fruits, while the other birds extract insects-phytophagous from it. The results of the research indicate that the ash is less attractive for the birds than the tired crown trees, such as oak, maple, linden. On the other hand, a significant part of the birds time budget on ash is spent for surveillance. Birds use ash as a place for review and control of their site. Therefore, ash can be recommended as an additional species in the artificial tree-stands creation.
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Ponomarenko, O. L. "Influence of seasonal climatic factors on the dynamics of birds interactions with linden consortia." Ecology and Noospherology 31, no. 1 (March 18, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/032006.
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The article is devoted to the bird communities in individual linden consortia (Tilia cordata Mill.) of the linden-ash oak forests. This work material was collected during different seasons of the 2009–2017 years in a linden-ash oak grove on the test plot No. 209 of the ecological profile of the NSC «Bel'gard Prisamar`e International Biospheric stationary», Novomoskovsk district, Dnepropetrovsk region. The individual consortia of 145 examples of three age conditions oak trees (virgins – virg, young generative – gl, mature and old generative individuals – g2-g3) has been investigated. Studies have shown that birds are actively involved in consortia of linden for most of the year. Meroconsortia of linden generative organs are attractive to birds during the growing season and in the cold season. In summer, the consortia of linden in terms of species composition of birds is inferior to the consortia of oak about 2 times. The same trend is observed in DTB and DMB. Only 2 species of birds participate in the consortia of the virgin linden. The consortia of young generative linden consists of only 4 species of birds, but DTB increases almost 30 times. The consortia of mature and old generative linden acquires a sufficient species composition – 14 species of birds. Interactions of birds with virginal linden are stochastic in autumn. Only 2 species of birds participate in the consortia of virgin linden in autumn. The consortia of young generative linden consists of 5 species (more than in summer). The old generative linden has a depression of consortia interactions of birds. Their volume is reduced by half compared to summer. Specialized consumers of linden nuts remain in the consortia of old generative linden mainly. Birds have very low DTB and DMB rates in consortia of all linden age groups in winter. Instead, the species composition of birds increases in the consortia of generative groups of linden in winter. The system of consortia interactions of birds is not intensive, but stable on the linden tree in winter. The volume of interactions of birds with a linden tree essentially increases in the spring. This trend is typical for trees with a dense crown. The number of consort birds is higher than in summer in consortia of virgin and young generative linden. DTB is five times higher in virgin linden than in summer. The participation of birds in the consortia of young generative linden is also greater than in summer. We believe that this is due to the fact that linden begins to grow earlier than other trees in the upper tier. The old generative linden is one of the main feeding grounds for birds in the spring. Linden, like common oak, is much more interesting for birds in spring and summer in contrast to field maple and ash. Linden first supports the system of trophic connections, and then topical in most seasons of the year. Linden forms stable groups of birds at a young generative stage during the year. Linden creates an environment for birds to live in the middle tier and complements the field maple.
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Vences Vidal, Magdalena. "Manifestaciones de la religiosidad popular en torno a tres imágenes marianas originarias. La unidad del ritual y la diversidad formal." Latinoamérica. Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos, no. 49 (June 18, 2009): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cialc.24486914e.2009.49.57427.
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El artículo aborda el tema de la religiosidad popular a través del cultoa tres imágenes marianas durante la Colonia: la Virgen de Guadalupe del Tepeyac (México), la Virgen del Rosario de Chiquinquirá (Colombia) y la Virgen de El Quinche (Ecuador). Estos tres casos hispanoamericanos son referente para que la autora reflexione, en la primera parte, sobre los conceptos utilizados para explicar el comportamiento religioso del pueblo―principalmente la religiosidad, lo popular y lo oficial―; a partir del análisis de autores españoles que tratan estos conceptos, expone el papel que desempeñaron las manifestaciones colectivas externas en torno a las imágenes y fenómenos como el milagro y la fiesta. En la segunda parte, la autora describe los medios usados para afianzar y expandir el culto a las imágenes sagradas, en donde destaca el importante papel que tuvieron los traslados de las imágenes y sus reproduccionesplásticas. Finalmente, analiza los conceptos de cultura y del barroco.
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Martać, Nikola, Vlado Čokeša, Snežana Stajić, Danilo Furtula, Branka Pavlović, and Miloš Račić. "Characteristics of structure and production in Vinatovača virgin forest." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 85-86 (2022): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor2285157m.
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The paper presents the results of the research conducted in the "Vinatovača" virgin forest in northeastern Serbia. The investigated stands belong to the complex of mesophilic beech forest types. These stands haven't had any management treatments carried out since 1957 when the virgin forest was placed under state protection as a strict natural reserve of beech with the character of a virgin forest. The results of this research were obtained by selecting homogeneous parts of the virgin forest and surveying sample plots established evenly over the entire surface of the virgin forest. Beech is the dominant tree species in all sample plots. Besides beech, there are individual specimens of maple, common ash, cherry, hornbeam, manna ash and Norway maple in the virgin forest area. The investigated stands have a structure typical of virgin forests with the highest number of trees found in the lowest diameter degrees. The investigated stands have a similar volume as other beech virgin forests in Serbia. The obtained value of the stand volume indicates the high production potential of beech forests in northeastern Serbia.
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LeBlanc, David C. "Red spruce decline on Whiteface Mountain, New York. I. Relationships with elevation, tree age, and competition." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-186.
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Detailed stem analysis and stand structure and history analyses are used to evaluate relationships between growth decline in populations of red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) on Whiteface Mountain and elevation, tree age and size, and stand dynamics. The study sites are virgin, uneven-aged spruce-fir forests at 900 and 1100 m elevation. Most red spruce sampled exhibited substantial decreases in annual stem wood volume increment from 1964 to 1984, particularly large trees and trees from higher elevation. While larger trees exhibited more severe growth decline, there is no evidence of a direct causal link between tree age and decline. Inverse relationships between growth and competition indices are evident for periods prior to the onset of decline, but these relationships degrade during the period of growth decline; competition is not causally linked to decline. There is some indication that the decline-inciting stress was particularly severe for canopy-emergent and exposed red spruce, suggesting the action of an atmospheric stress.
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Parks, Staci, and Thayne Montague. "Influence of irrigation regime on gas exchange, growth, and oil quality of field grown, Texas (USA) olive trees." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0082.
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Abstract Olive (Olea europaea L.) oil production is an emerging industry in Texas (USA). However, limited research has been conducted to determine best irrigation practices for Texas growers. In this study, established “Arbequina” olive trees from three south Texas orchard locations were used to investigate effects of irrigation volume on olive tree gas exchange, growth, and oil quality. Twelve-year-old trees were exposed to three irrigation regimes. Over the course of two growing seasons, leaf gas exchange, shoot growth, and oil quality were measured. Data from a single orchard and growing season are presented. Differences in monthly and overall leaf gas exchange data were not found. Based on soil surface area under each tree’s dripline, depth of total water applied to each tree (irrigation plus precipitation) ranged from 1,451 (three-emitter irrigation treatment) to 759 mm (one-emitter irrigation treatment). Trees exposed to the three-emitter irrigation treatment produced the greatest shoot growth. Fruit mass and fruit volume were greatest for trees which had the fewest emitters (lowest irrigation volumes). Oil pressed from each experimental tree rendered extra virgin olive oil. Oil chemical analysis indicates total phenols tended to be greatest from trees receiving the least volume of irrigation. For Texas olive growers, research suggests there are opportunities to reduce irrigation, yet maintain olive oil quality.
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Moreto Tuesta, Cristian, María Jose Mechato Jiménez, and Guillermo Arturo Díaz Jáuregui. "Vulnerabilidad sísmica estructural de instituciones educativas públicas, aplicando el método de benedetti-petrini." Revista Científica UNTRM: Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25127/ucni.v4i2.728.
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<p>La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la vulnerabilidad sísmica estructural de tres<strong> </strong>instituciones educativas públicas del centro histórico de la ciudad de Chachapoyas en la región Amazonas Perú. Se evaluaron tres instituciones educativas: Virgen Asunta, Institución Educativa Isabel Lynch de Rubio y la Institución Educativa Seminario Jesús María, aplicando el método de Benedetti y Petrini. Se encontró que la vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Virgen Asunta, es BAJA, excepto los módulos C y D que presentan una vulnerabilidad MEDIA A BAJA. La vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Isabel Lynch de Rubio, es BAJA, excepto los módulos D y E que presentan una vulnerabilidad MEDIA A BAJA. La vulnerabilidad sísmica de la Institución Educativa Seminario Jesús María, es BAJA. Finalmente se determinó que el Peligro Sísmico de las tres Instituciones Educativas Públicas del Centro Histórico de Chachapoyas en evaluación es MEDIO y la estimación del Riesgo Sísmico de las 03 Instituciones Educativas es MEDIO.</p>
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Sakdapipanich, Jitladda, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Jean Louis Jacob, and Jean d'Auzac. "Characterization of Hevea Brasiliensis Rubber from Virgin Trees: A Possible Role of Cis-Polyisoprene in Unexploited Tree." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 72, no. 2 (May 1, 1999): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538802.
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Abstract The role of rubber in Hevea brasiliensis was analyzed based on the structural analysis of rubber in rubber trees as latex. The rubber obtained from a mature-tree which has never tapped before, so-called “virgin mature-tree” (Vir-NR), contained the gel fraction higher than 80%, while that from a regularly tapped mature-tree (Reg-NR) was less than 3%. The gel showed almost the same structure as a crosslinked rubber prepared from fresh latex in the presence of peroxide, with the molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) of 3×103. This value is extremely low comparing with that of 7×105 observed for the soft-gel in rubber from high-ammonia latex and Pale crepe. The sol fraction from Vir-NR was an oxidative degraded product containing aldehyde and epoxide groups. Aging properties of Vir-NR are much worse than those of Reg-NR. This indicates that rubber accepts free-radicals to form C-C crosslinking and partly oxidative scission of main-chains during storage in laticiferous tubes of Hevea trees. This suggests that a possible role of rubber is a scavenger of free-radicals in latex, due to lack of the naturally occurring antioxidants. The consecutive tappings of latex from the first opening mature-tree resulted in the formation of rubber similar to that obtained from Reg-NR, after six days. This modification indicates that the new regulation mechanisms in latex biosynthesis, which is induced by exploitation, can avoid the rubber chain crosslinkings and increase their elongations.
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Aragonés Estella, Esperanza. "Visiones de tres diablos medievales." De Arte. Revista de Historia del Arte, no. 5 (February 10, 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/da.v0i5.1543.
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Este artículo pretende establecer tres propuestas de identificación novedosas con respecto a sendas imágenes diabólicas pintadas en la Edad Media. La primera se refiere a la representación de un diablo cojo en el Infierno del Beato de Silos, que, por sus rasgos físicos, actuación y calificativo en griego que le nombra (atimos), propongo la identificación con Asmodeo el diablo de la lujuria desde su aparición en el Libro de Tobías. En el diablo disfrazado de san Antonio analizo los rasgos adoptados por Satanás en la escena de la tentación de Cristo en el retablo de la catedral vieja de Salamanca (1439-1445). Finalmente sobre el diablo con libros de la tabla de la Virgen de la Misericordia del monasterio de las Huelgas de Burgos (pintada h. 1485), propongo a través de la cita de textos apocalípticos y la tradición artística anterior la identificación con un diablo que trae escritos en estos volúmenes los pecados de los hombres, y que se acompaña de un demonio con arco dispuesto a dar caza a las almas pecadoras; frente a la versión más parcial y de menor éxito en la iconografía de Tutivillus.
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Salvador González, José María. "La doctrina de San Juan Damasceno sobre la muerte y la asunción de María al cielo, y su posible influencia en las correspondientes iconografías medievales." Eikon / Imago 6, no. 2 (December 11, 2017): 140–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.73563.
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Este artículo pretende poner en luz la influencia que la doctrina de San Juan Damasceno (c. 675-c. 749) sobre la muerte, la resurrección y la asunción de la Virgen María podría haber ejercido sobre las complementarias iconografías medievales de la Dormición y la Asunción de María al cielo. El trabajo tiene dos vertientes esenciales. En la primera, mediante el análisis de tres homilías del Damasceno sobre la Dormición de María, se estudia la posición conceptual de dicho autor sobre la muerte, el sepelio y la asunción del alma de la Virgen, así como su resurrección anticipada y su ascención en cuerpo y alma al cielo. En la segunda vertiente se interpretan algunas obras pictóricas medievales de la Dormición y la Asunción de María al cielo desde la perspectiva doctrinal de San Juan Damasceno, poniendo en directa correspondencia los elementos narrativos contenidos en dichas pinturas con lo formulado por el teólogo sirio en sus tres homilías sobre la Dormición.
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Bachofen, Hansheinrich. "Der Einfluss von Aufnahmefehlern und Wachstumsvorgängen auf die Stammzahlverteilung in Buchennaturverjüngungen unter Altholzschirm: Vergleich eines naturnahen Buchenbestandes im Sihlwald, Schweiz, mit einem Bestand im Buchen-Urwald Uholka, Ukraine | The influence of survey errors and growth processes on stem distribution in young growth under old beech growth. Comparison of a close-to-nature beech stand in the Sihlwald, Switzerland and a virgin beech stand in the Uholka forest, Ukraine (reviewed paper)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 156, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2005.0365.
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The young growth stem distributions in a 115 year old beech stand in the Sihlwald (Switzerland) and in a virgin beech stand in Uholka (Ukraine) show conspicuous sinks in the 130,0 to 169,9 cm tree height range. A model shows, that these sinks can be the result of height growth differences be tween trees in different height classes. Technical reasons of the surveys may accentuate the sinks. There may be more reasons which could play a role but these were not investigated.
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Carrero Ruiz, Efraín. "Manifestaciones culturales y religiosidad popular en contexto migratorio: Chaguaya, Copacabana y Urkupiña. Tres Vírgenes migrantes bolivianas en Argentina." Revista Compás Empresarial 13, no. 35 (December 31, 2022): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52428/20758960.v13i35.240.
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El presente artículo establece una revisión de tres estudios centrados en las manifestaciones culturales en contexto migratorio. Se analiza cómo la producción cultural en dichos contextos representa un puente y un elemento dinamizador entre culturas: “Urkupiña, la virgen migrante fiesta, trabajo y reciprocidad en el boliviano Gran Córdoba”, de Marta Giorgis, expone cómo mediante la transnacionalización de parte de la comunidad migrante la Virgen ha incorporado nuevos elementos de reciprocidad con sus devotos; Juan Armando Guzmán resalta cómo a partir de la celebración de la Virgen se comparte la visión de mundo generada en origen; y María Alicia Serafino analiza, a través de la festividad, las relaciones entre migrantes bolivianos y los habitantes locales desde una mirada antropológica. Es importante destacar que los estudios seleccionados incluyen entrevistas en profundidad como herramientas de recolección de datos a excepción de uno, que trabaja mediante una experiencia de campo. El objetivo es conocer cómo y de qué modo se ponen en práctica las manifestaciones culturales en contexto migratorio. Se focaliza en las manifestaciones culturales como contribución al mantenimiento de la cultura más allá de los límites del país de origen. En los casos revisados las relaciones entre culturas y los vínculos que estas generan trascienden las fronteras nacionales y culturales.
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Cabañas Pinedo, Enith Mercedes, Maribel Díaz Sánchez, and Manuel Oliva. "Densidad de los residuos sólidos de tres instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Chachapoyas, departamento de Amazonas." Revista de Investigación de Agroproducción Sustentable 3, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25127/aps.20191.479.
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<a name="_Toc437850440"></a><span>La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la densidad de los residuos sólidos generados en las instituciones educativas San Juan de la Libertad, Virgen Asunta y Seminario Jesús María. La metodología consistió en recolectar los residuos sólidos por espacio de cinco días en cada institución educativa y por cada nivel educativo (primaria y secundaria), el pesaje y segregación se realizó en el centro de acopio a partir de ello se determinó los siguientes parámetros la densidad, generación per cápita, composición física y humedad de los residuos sólidos. Además se aplicó una encuesta para identificar hábitos de consumo en los grupos humanos estudiados (docentes, estudiantes y personal administrativo) para determinar el número de muestras se utilizó la fórmula de muestreo estratificado por afijación proporcional ya que la densidad de los residuos está relacionada con los estilos de vida y costumbres de las personas .Los resultados del estudio de los residuos sólidos nos da a conocer la densidad de los residuos sólidos en la I.E San Juan de la Libertad es de 57,40 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, Virgen Asunta 52,14 kg/m<sup>3</sup> y Seminario Jesús María con 54,24 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, la generación per cápita en la I.E Seminario Jesús María es 0,05 kg/hab×día, en la I.E Virgen Asunta con 0,04 kg/ hab×día y la I.E San Juan de la Libertad con 0,03 kg/ hab×dia, el tipo de residuos sólidos que más generan son residuos orgánicos en las tres instituciones educativas, el promedio de la humedad de los residuos orgánicos en la I.E San Juan de la Libertad es 82,20%, Virgen Asunta 78,72% y Seminario Jesús María 75,06%. los resultados de la encuesta nos dan a conocer que el 63,10% de la I.E San Juan de la Libertad traen alimentos desde sus casas a la I.E., el tipo de alimentos que más traen son frutas con un 50,20% y lo que más compran dentro de su I.E. son galletas con un 34.4%, en la I.E. Virgen Asunta el 78,40% traen alimentos desde sus casas a la I.E., el tipo de alimentos que más traen son frutas con 56,10% y lo que más compran en su I.E. es comida con un 49,60%. Asimismo, en la I.E. Seminario Jesús María el 39,50% traen alimentos desde su casa a la I.E, el tipo de alimentos que traen son frutas con un 39,50% y lo que más compran en la I.E. son comida con un 64,00%.</span>
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Koda, Satyavathi, T. Shyamal, Murali Krishna Ch, and Padal SB. "Tree diversity in the Borra Sacred Groves of Anathagiri in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India." Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 9, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2021.v09i08.004.
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Sacred groves are tracts of virgin forest with rich biodiversity, as they have been protected for centuries by the local people for their cultural and religious beliefs and taboos. Sacred groves are representatives of climax vegetation and exhibit diversity of species such as trees, climbers and other shade loving herbs. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the tree diversity of a sacred grove of Borra, Visakhapatnam District, which comes under the Eastern Ghats of India. A total of 31 species, 28 genera and 20 families were reported in the sacred grove.
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Samways, M. J. "Combined effect of natural enemies (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae & Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with different niche breadths in reducing high populations of red scale, Aonidiella Aurantii (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, no. 4 (December 1986): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300015169.
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AbstractThree populations of Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) were studied on orange trees at two sites in the hot Transvaal lowveld in South Africa. The first two were on the same trees, which had severe scale in the tree crowns and a low infestation in the bottoms. The third population, at a second site, was high and relatively evenly-spread over the whole tree. In previous years, the parasitoids Aphytis africanus Quednau and A. melinus DeBach had been unable on their own to reduce the high scale populations. Once a certain scale density level on the tree framework had been breached, a proportionately large number of susceptible scales escaped parasitism and reached the gravid female stage, which is invulnerable to attack. The ineffectiveness of parasitoids in these circumstances, resulting partly from their narrow niche breadth, was compounded by peak numbers only being reached late in the season. By this time, the large number of adult scales had already rendered the fruit unmarketable. In both sites, the predator Chilocorus nigritus (F.) was introduced and the trees also received commercial applications of petroleum oil. In one site, this oil treatment was restricted to the tree crowns. Although overall parasitism of vulnerable stages was relatively unaffected by these abiotic and biotic controlling factors, there was a shift to increased percentage parasitism of the virgin female away from the other susceptible stages. In addition, it was confirmed that the broad attack niche provided by C. nigritus, which preys on all developmental stages of the scale, readily complements parasitoid activity and can be of major economic importance.
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López-Yerena, Anallely, Antònia Ninot, Julián Lozano-Castellón, Elvira Escribano-Ferrer, Agustí J. Romero-Aroca, Angjelina Belaj, Anna Vallverdú-Queralt, and Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós. "Conservation of Native Wild Ivory-White Olives from the MEDES Islands Natural Reserve to Maintain Virgin Olive Oil Diversity." Antioxidants 9, no. 10 (October 17, 2020): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9101009.
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Food diversity, and in particular genetic diversity, is being lost at an alarming rate. Protection of natural areas is crucial to safeguard the world’s threatened species. The Medes Islands (MI), located in the northwest Mediterranean Sea, are a protected natural reserve. Wild olive trees also known as oleasters make up part of the vegetation of the Meda Gran island. Among them, in 2012, a wild albino ivory-white olive tree with fruit was identified. Fruits were collected from this tree and their seeds were first sown in a greenhouse and then planted in an orchard for purposes of ex situ preservation. Seven out of the 78 seedling trees obtained (12%) produced ivory-white fruits. In autumn 2018, fruits from these trees were sampled. Although the fruits had low oil content, virgin olive oil with unique sensory, physicochemical, and stability characteristics was produced. With respect to the polyphenols content, oleacein was the main compound identified (373.29 ± 72.02 mg/kg) and the oleocanthal was the second most abundant phenolic compound (204.84 ± 52.58 mg/kg). Regarding pigments, samples were characterized by an intense yellow color, with 12.5 ± 4.6 mg/kg of chlorophyll and 9.2 ± 3.3 mg/kg of carotenoids. Finally, oleic acid was the main fatty acid identified. This study explored the resources of the natural habitat of the MI as a means of enrichment of olive oil diversity and authenticity of this traditional Mediterranean food
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Hurtado Pérez, Guillermo. "La idea de la historia en Imagen de la Virgen María de Miguel Sánchez." Estudios de Historia Novohispana, no. 59 (May 31, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iih.24486922e.2018.59.63244.
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<p>En Imagen de la Virgen María Madre de Dios de Guadalupe, milagrosamente aparecida en la ciudad de México. Celebrada en su historia, con la profecía del capítulo doce del Apocalipsis de Miguel Sánchez se pueden distinguir tres tipos de narración histórica: una historia prodigiosa, una profética y una patria.</p>
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Violino, Simona, Federico Pallottino, Giulio Sperandio, Simone Figorilli, Luciano Ortenzi, Francesco Tocci, Simone Vasta, Giancarlo Imperi, and Corrado Costa. "A Full Technological Traceability System for Extra Virgin Olive Oil." Foods 9, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9050624.
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The traceability of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) could guarantee the authenticity of the product and the protection of the consumer if it is part of a system able to certify the traceability information. The purpose of this paper was to propose and apply a complete electronic traceability prototype along the entire EVOO production chain of a small Italian farm and to verify its economic sustainability. The full traceability of the EVOO extracted from 33 olive trees from three different cultivars (Carboncella, Frantoio and Leccino) was considered. The technological traceability system (TTS; infotracing) consists of several open source devices (based on radio frequency identification (RFID) and QR code technologies) able to track the EVOO from the standing olive tree to the final consumer. The infotracing system was composed of a dedicated open source app and was designed for easy blockchain integration. In addition, an economic analysis of the proposed TTS, with reference to the semi-mechanized olive harvesting process, was conducted. The results showed that the incidence of the TTS application on the whole production varies between 3% and 15.5%, (production from 5 to 60 kg tree−1). The application at the consortium level with mechanized harvesting is fully sustainable in economic terms. The proposed TTS could not only provide guarantees to the final consumer but could also direct the farmer towards precision farming management.
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Višnjić, Ćemal, Sead Vojniković, Besim Balić, Faruk Mekić, and Sead Ivojević. "STAND STRUCTURE, DEAD WOOD AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF A PRISTINE FOREST STAND OF BEECH AND FIR COMPARED TO A MANAGED FOREST IN THE DINARIC MOUNTAIN BJELAŠNICA." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 47, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2017.v47.i1.64.
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UDK: 630*228(234.422 Bjelašnica)(253)
This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the structural and vegetation characteristics of "Ravna vala" pristine (virgin) forest and the managed forest of beech and fir (with spruce). Pristine forest "Ravna vala" is located in the central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, about 20 km southwest of Sarajevo on Bjelašnica Mountain, at an altitude from 1280 to 1450 m. The managed forest of beech and fir with spruce, which was used for comparison, borders "Ravna vala" and has the same habitat conditions: climate, orography and land, and the similar structural characteristics and composition of tree species as the pristine forest.
Beech and fir communities (Abieti-Fagetum illyricum Treg. 1957) dominate but spruce can also be found in the area of research. Noble hardwoods such as sycamore and elm are found both individually or in small groups in depressions in deeper soils.
Both the pristine forest and the managed forest show the selective diameter structure. However, the great differences between the pristine forest and the managed forest are final diameter classes. The thickest tree in the pristine forest has the breast diameter of 145 cm, while the diameter of the thickest tree in the industrial forest is 70 cm. The volume of the stands is 770 m3/ha in the pristine forest and it is two times larger than in the managed forest. The volume of dead wood in the pristine forest is 170 m3/ha and it is five times larger than in the managed forest. While stumps and thicker branches are the most common in the stock of dead trees in the managed forest, the most common in the stock of dead wood in the pristine forest are tall stumps as well as lying and standing dead trees. Floristic researches have shown that selective management does not reflect negatively on floristic diversity, but ground vegetation is richer in species in the managed forest. Shannon's diversity index and evenness index of vascular flora have higher values in the managed forest. Unlike floristic diversity, the stand diversity index of Jähne & Dohrenbusch (1997) shows higher values in the pristine forest than in the managed forest.
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Boyano, José T., and Delia Boyano. "Revisitando las Giocondas del Louvre, el Prado e Isleworth." Arte e Investigación, no. 20 (December 15, 2021): e079. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/24691488e079.
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Actualmente existen tres versiones de la Gioconda de alta calidad, una en el Louvre, otra en el Prado y la tercera en la colección Isleworth. Tras la restauración de 2010 realizada en el Museo del Prado, se ha discutido mucho su autoría. En este trabajo, analizamos el estilo de los principales candidatos propuestos por la historiografía, centrándonos en Fernando Yáñez de la Almedina y Salai. Revisamos el modo de colaboración en el taller de Leonardo, apoyándonos en La Virgen del huso. Nuestras conclusiones apuntan a Fernando Yáñez como autor de la Mona Lisa de Isleworth, por su concordancia con obras conocidas de este pintor; y realizada en colaboración con Leonardo, por la calidad de su diseño, manos y rostro. La Gioconda del Prado sería obra de Salai, si bien su alta calidad nos sugiere una participación importante de Leonardo en su diseño y ejecución. Un análisis informatizado de los colores presentes en las dos versiones de la Gioconda y su comparación con obras de Yáñez y Salai podría confirmar estas hipótesis en el futuro.
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Buszard, Deborah, and W. W. Schwabe. "Effect of Previous Crop Load on Stigmatic Morphology of Apple Flowers." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 4 (July 1995): 566–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.4.566.
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`Cox's Orange Pippin' apple (Pyrus domestics Berth.) trees, which were previously heavily cropped compared to previously defruited trees, had smaller flowers, lower initial fruit set, and a shorter effective pollination period (EPP) than defruited trees. The morphology of apple flower styles and stigmas was studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Virgin stigmas from previously unstressed trees had fully expanded papillae, but 7 days after pollination the papillae were collapsed and distinct pollen tubes penetrated the stigmatic surface. Virgin stigmas from flowers of previously heavily cropped trees were smaller than those from previously defruited trees. The virgin stigmas of the flowers of heavily cropped trees showed collapsed papillae, and differences were observed in the intercellular material in the subtending transmitting tissue. These differences may explain the poor fruit setting characteristics of apple flowers on trees that have borne a heavy crop in the previous year.
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Sánchez Arteaga, A., L. Tallón Aguilar, V. Camacho Marente, J. Pintor Tortolero, MJ Tamayo López, JA López Ruiz, F. Pareja Ciuró, F. Oliva Mompeán, and J. Padillo Ruiz. "Role of laparoscopic in abdominal trauma." Cirugía Andaluza 30, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 1241–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.37351/2019301.19.
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Resumen Introducción: el abordaje laparoscópico en los pacientes politraumatizados continúa siendo infrecuente. Su empleo es aceptado en el traumatismo abdominal penetrante (TAP), si bien constituye objeto de controversia en el traumatismo abdominal cerrado (TAC). El objetivo de este estudio es analizar nuestra experiencia del abordaje laparoscópico en el paciente con traumatismo abdominal y revisar la literatura. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de pacientes admitidos en los Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena (Sevilla) que fueron sometidos a una laparoscopia diagnóstica y/o terapéutica tras sufrir un traumatismo abdominal. Se recogen variables demográficas, tipo de trauma, pruebas diagnósticas, tipo de lesión, tratamientos realizados y resultados. Posteriormente se realizó una revisión de la literatura a través del motor de búsqueda PubMed, empleando las palabras "laparoscopy AND abdominal trauma" y "laparoscopic management AND trauma". Resultados: se describieron trece pacientes (seis y siete casos en cada centro), con una media de edad de 41 años. Nueve pacientes sufrieron un TAP por herida por arma blanca (70%), siendo el resto TAC (4, 30%). En tres pacientes (23%), se requirió conversión a laparotomía debido a hallazgos de lesiones complejas. En cuatro casos (30%) la exploración laparoscópica no demostró lesiones. Los procedimientos realizados incluyeron reparación diafragmática, sutura primaria de intestino delgado, lavado de la cavidad abdominal, y sutura de perforación gástrica. Conclusión: el abordaje laparoscópico puede ser considerado en pacientes con traumatismo abdominal, en casos de estabilidad hemodinámica. Su realización debe ser llevada a cabo por cirujanos con experiencia en el manejo del paciente politraumatizado, así como en la cirugía laparoscópica.
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Berthiaume, R., É. Bauce, C. Hébert, and J. Brodeur. "Host tree age as a selective pressure leading to local adaptation of a population of a polyphagous Lepidoptera in virgin boreal forest." Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, no. 5 (February 19, 2009): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485308006536.
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AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that host tree age may act as a selective factor and lead to local adaptation of the hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria), a geometrid Lepidoptera that has a wide geographical distribution and has evolved in different eco-zones characterized by different levels of floristic composition, age structure and fragmentation level. Considering that hemlock looper outbreaks mainly occurred in old forests, we compared the biological performances of two populations. The first population was collected in the northern virgin boreal forest, which is dominated by mature and overmature coniferous stands that have not suffered from human disturbance. The other population was collected in the southern mixed-wood forest, which is more diversified and has been modified by forest harvesting. Larvae were reared under controlled conditions on foliage from three age classes of balsam fir trees: juvenile, mature and overmature. Although we measured significant variations of biological performances between the two populations, no significant effect of the age of the balsam fir trees could be detected for males from both populations or for females from the southern population. However, northern females were strongly affected by the age of balsam fir trees on which they fed, as their pupal weight was 12% higher and their fecundity increased by 27% on overmature trees compared with juvenile ones. These results indicate that under the same selective pressure, females adapt their strategy to maximize their fitness, and thus they appear as the driving force of evolution through the local adaptation concept. Furthermore, the two populations evolved in distinct habitats and their adaptation reflects selective pressures occurring inside their original environment. This is the first report on local adaptation of an herbivore that is mediated by host tree age. Changes in forest age structure may have a considerable impact on insect local adaptation and presumably on their population dynamics.
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Luna Zamara, Karol Viviana. "El Imaginario de la Muerte en las Cofradías y Capellanías del Monasterio de las Conceptas en la Provincia de Pasto. 1809-1824." Estudios Latinoamericanos, no. 28-29 (November 17, 2016): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rceilat.112829.73.
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Las instituciones de la muerte existentes en el Monasterio de la Pura y Limpia Concepción durante la época de la independencia (1809-1824) colaboraron en la configuración del imaginario religioso de la muerte ya que fueron instituciones que agrupaban a diversas personas en torno a la creencia en tres espacios extra mundanos el cielo, el infierno y el purgatorio. En el monasterio existieron varias capellanías tanto eclesiásticas como de legos, cuyo papel era sanar y salvar el alma de las religiosas que ingresaban a dicho convento, así como también de sus familiares. Los cofrades de la Virgen del Monte Carmelo creían en la existencia del purgatorio, la mediación de la virgen y de la importancia de su intersección en el espacio de purificación.
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Wong, V. "Attenuation of Coda Waves at the Tres Virgenes Volcanic Area, Baja California Sur, Mexico." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 91, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000025.
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Wong, V. "Attenuation of Coda Waves at the Tres Virgenes Volcanic Area, Baja California Sur, Mexico." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 91, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120010223.
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Grafton-Cardwell, E. E., and C. A. Reagan. "California Red Scale Pesticide Efficacy Trial, 1992." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.73a.
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Abstract Insecticides for the control of CRS were evaluated spring, 1991 in Field 63 (18-yr-old Fisher and Washington navel oranges) located at the University of California’s Lindcove Field Station near Exeter, Calif. Insecticides were applied with a Bean handsprayer at 400 psi, complete coverage, approximately 1500 gpa. The field was divided into 10 blocks with one replicate of each treatment applied to a single tree within each block. Treatment trees were separated on all sides by single untreated trees. Five twig samples (gray wood indicating 2nd year growth, 23 cm in length) and 5 fruit were collected randomly from each of the sample trees and examined for 1st stage, 2nd stage, virgin and mature female stages of scale. Scale on the fruit were also examined for live larvae and pupae of C. bifasciata and eggs, larvae and pupae of A. melinus. Twig samples were collected pretreatment and both twig and fruit samples were collected 30 and 60 DAT. Leaf drop was measured weekly by counting the leaves that collected on a 60 X 90 cm paper tray placed under the canopy in the north side of treatment trees in five of the blocks. The population of the predatory mite, E. tularensis, was determined by collecting 20 leaves per tree (5 per quadrant) each week in 5 of the blocks until 60 DAT. Foliar treatments were applied on 14-15 May during the first generation of CRS crawler activity while the fruit was less than 20 mm in size.
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Inggrid Nortalia Kailola and Beatrix Irene Sanderina Wanma. "Pemberdayaan Ibu-Ibu PKK Kampung Yaugapsa Kabupaten Jayapura Dalam Membentuk Usaha Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)." ABDIKAN: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 3 (August 28, 2022): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/abdikan.v1i3.669.
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Yaugapsa Village, Demta Sub-district, Jayapura District, Papua is one of the villages with abundant coconuts. Coconut trees have enormous benefits for human life. Almost all parts of this tree have benefits. All parts of this tree can be used to produce many products, for example, coconut leaves can be used as woven material and brooms; coconut stems can be used for building materials; and coconut fruit can be used as food. One of the products made from coconut that has many health benefits and a high selling value is virgin coconut oil (VCO). This community service program (PKM) aims to increase the knowledge of the member of PKK (family welfare program) in Yaugapsa Village, Demta Sub-district, Jayapura District by providing training on producing VCO which is useful for maintaining family health and as a business opportunity. The method used was interviews, practices, and discussions and followed by 30 mothers. The result of this training activity is that the manufacture of virgin coconut oil (VCO) does not use additional methods. The manufacture of VCO oil only uses coconut milk without the addition of other substances. The result of this activity is that the oil produced is very clear. This tranning provides a lof of information about VCO production whish is new information and knowledge for participants so than it can be an opportunity for businesses to increase family income.
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Khan, Waseem R., Syaizwan Z. Zulkifli, Mohamad Roslan B. M. Kasim, Ahmad Mustapha Pazi, Roslan Mostapa, and M. Nazre. "Mangrove Productivity Estimation using Modelling Approach and Tree Parameters Assessment." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291987213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919872137.
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This study used productivity models and above ground biomass to investigate productivity in different sites of MMFR. Ninety Rhizophora apiculata leaf samples were collected from different compartments (18, 31, 71, 74, 42 and 55) based on tree age and management. For biomass calculation, tree height and diameter were measured in plot of 10m x 10m in compartment 18, 31, 71, 74 and 67. The age of the trees were as follows: compartment 18 and 31 with 15-year-old, compartment 71 and 74 with 25-year-old and compartment 67 with 30-year-old mangrove trees. Compartment 42 and 55 are classified as virgin jungle reserve (VJR). Compartment 67 was not taken as a sample site due to technical reason and compartments in VJR were not considered for biomass estimation. Sixteen variables; stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N), macronutrients (C, N, P), cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K) and trace elements (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) were analyzed. Productivity models and calculated biomass for investigated compartments showed similar trends. In 15-year age group; compartment 18 showed higher productivity than in 31. For the 25-year age group; compartment 74 had higher productivity than 71. No prominent increase was observed in biomass between 15-year old and 30-year old trees. Furthermore, with moderate N and δ15N loading input, compartments showed more productivity. The results conclude that MMFR is a sustainably managed mangrove forest and its productivity could be monitored using nutrient productivity models.
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Fonseca Ramírez, Cristina. "Simbolismo, poder eclesiástico y luchas políticas tras una corona pontificia:." Americanía: Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 286–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/americania.6524.
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La Iglesia mexicana, a mediados del siglo XIX, se encontraba dividida en dos facciones bien delimitadas, ‘romanos’ o partidarios de la reforma religiosa implementada desde la silla papal y educados en Roma, y el clero nacional, o ‘local’, formado en seminarios mexicanos. Estos veían con recelo la centralización del poder en la figura del sumo pontífice en detrimento de los cabildos mexicanos, así como su exclusión de posiciones importantes de poder en la Iglesia mexicana. El representante de la facción romana fue Pelagio Labastida y Dávalos, figura importantísima de la política religiosa del México decimonónico, persona muy cercana a Pío IX y quien dentro de su plan trazado buscó la centralización del poder de la Iglesia mexicana en sus manos. Una de las estrategias de reafirmación de este poder fue conseguir la coronación de la Virgen de Guadalupe. Sin embargo, el proyecto se complicó por lo que los obligó, a él y a su sobrino, José Antonio Plancarte, a idear toda una estrategia alternativa religiosa, política y mediática dentro de la cual estuvo la coronación de la Virgen de la Esperanza de Jacona.
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Mocholí Martínez, María Elvira. "'In altum mittis radices humilitatis'. Un estudio de las imágenes de María en contacto con la naturaleza." De Medio Aevo 13 (December 4, 2019): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/dmae.66817.
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Ciertos tipos iconográficos marianos se han mostrado especialmente propicios a las representaciones de la Virgen en relación con algunos elementos naturales. La Madre de Dios se encuentra, a menudo, en contacto directo con la tierra en numerosas imágenes de la Virgen de la Humildad y en un jardín, rodeada de flores, en la Virgen de la Rosaleda; mientras que, tras su Asunción, lirios y rosas asoman del sepulcro vacío. En todos estos casos, según podemos inferir de su estudio iconográfico, a partir de las fuentes patrísticas y teológicas, la naturaleza es un símil de las virtudes de la Virgen, aunque no siempre. En algunas imágenes de la Scala Salutis, el suelo permite fijar a María en su condición humana, a diferencia de Cristo, con quien comparte espacio. En conclusión, el elevado número de imágenes donde la naturaleza, por una u otra razón, se encuentra asociada a la Madre de Dios, no son producto de la casualidad, ni anecdóticos, sino fruto de una compleja retórica visual.
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Grey, Timothy L., Keith Rucker, Theodore M. Webster, and Xuelin Luo. "High-Density Plantings of Olive Trees Are Tolerant to Repeated Applications of Indaziflam." Weed Science 64, no. 4 (December 2016): 766–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-16-00025.1.
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Olive production in the southeastern United States has recently begun to increase from demand for locally produced virgin olive oil. With no established commercial production as a reference, information about the effects of indaziflam residual herbicide on newly established trees was evaluated over time for up to 3 yr on loamy sand soils. Multiple spring and autumn applications of indaziflam at different rates were applied to the same newly planted or 1-yr-old olive trees in different experiments in consecutive years. Visual injury, height, and caliper diameter measures were taken monthly during the growing season up to six times. Regression analysis of treatments over time indicated no differences in olive tree growth for plots treated with indaziflam at 38, 75, or 150 g ai ha–1 up to five times in 3 yr, compared with nontreated controls. This information will be beneficial as olive growers seek viable weed control options when establishing new groves in the region.
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Naya Franco, Carolina. "¿Reinhold Vasters? Tres pinjantes de perrillo procedentes de la subasta del Joyero de la Virgen del Pilar (1870)." BSAA arte, no. 86 (November 25, 2020): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/bsaaa.86.2020.141-164.
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Este trabajo aborda la polémica iniciada en 1990 desde el British Museum acerca de la legitimidad de tres pinjantes de perrillo de oro, esmaltados y aderezados con piedras preciosas, procedentes del Tesoro del Pilar de Zaragoza que, subastados públicamente en 1870, hoy se encuentran dispersos. Los tres pinjantes se han considerado por la historiografía falsificaciones realizadas hacia 1860; no obstante, la documentación de la Santa Capilla del Pilar demuestra que dos de ellos son genuinas obras del Renacimiento (ca. 1580-1600). Al menos dos falsificadores europeos copiaron piezas originales, lo que plantea la revisión de la historia de la orfebrería a partir de las obras que, con certeza, son legítimas.
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Pittara, I. S., and Β. Ι. Katsouannos. "Male attraction tο virgin females in the almond seed wasp, Eurytomα amygdali Enderlein (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae)." ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 3 (May 29, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.13918.
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Laboratory observations showed that adults of the almond seed wasp, Eurytoma amygdali Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) were sexually mature on the first day of emergence. Experiments with an olfactometer showed that 1 to 12 day-old virgin females attracted the males. This attraction was found to be due to an odor, apparently a pheromone, released by the virgin females. The responsiveness of the males was higher the first part of the photophase. Under field conditions too, virgin females were attractive to males. “Delta” traps, containing 5-20 virgin females, suspended on almond trees, attracted and captured males released among the same trees. On the contrary, traps containing mated females or empty cages were not attractive to males.
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Višnjić, Ćemal, Besim Balić, Sead Vojniković, Faruk Mekić, and Amir Uzunović. "STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, DYNAMICS AND TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGIN FOREST RAVNA VALA ON BJELAŠNICA." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 45, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2015.v45.i2.88.
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UDK: 630*228(234.422 Bjelašnica)(253)
This work researches structural composition, texture and diversity of development phases of virgin forest „Ravna vala“ on Bjelašnica. Virgin forest „Ravna vala“ is located in central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, about 20 km south west from Sarajevo on mountain Bjelašnica, on altitude of 1280 to 1450 m. First time it was described in 1978. Within it we have positioned permanent plot of the square shape in size of 1 ha. Research was conducted on permanent plot in three time series: in years 1978, 1988 and 2008, and on 46 temporary systematically positioned circular plots in diameter of 12.6 meters, where each represents as per 1 ha of virgin forest area. In virgin forest we have registered 689 trees per hectare and wood supply mass of 701 m3/ha. Through analysis of dynamics of growth of specific species trees, it is visible that beech suppresses fir, i.e. there is a shift in main species in virgin forest, therefore, in the last 30 years number of beech trees has tripled in the lower diameter classes. Virgin forest has mostly present optimum phase and evenness phase, and rejuvenation phase. Texture diversity is expressed through Shannon index in value of 1.69, and evenness index has the value of 0.86.
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Ponomarenko, O. L., and M. V. Shulman. "Influence of seasonal climatic factors on the dynamics of birds interactions with oaks consortia." Ecology and Noospherology 30, no. 2 (November 22, 2019): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031915.
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The article is devoted to the bird communities in individual oak consortia (Quercus robur L.) of the linden-ash oak forests. This work material was collected during different seasons of the 2004–2010 years in a linden-ash oak grove on the test plot No. 209 of the ecological profile of the NSC «Bel'gard Prisamar`e International Biospheric stationary», Novomoskovsk district, Dnepropetrovsk region. The individual consortia of 281 examples of three age conditions oak trees (virgins – virg, young generative – gl, mature and old generative individuals – g2–g3) has been investigated. The daily time budget decreases by 2–2,5 times in autumn for all oak ages that have been studied. But the number of consort birds is reduced by 2 times only for virgin and old generative oaks. The young generative oak is attractive enough for birds in autumn. The ratio of the trophic and topical share interactions for all trees ages does not change significantly in autumn. Birds don’t interact with the virgin oak in winter practically. This age oak can’t propose enough food or places for birds’ protection from predators. Oaks in age g1–g3, on the contrary, are in demand by the birds. There 7 birds species on g1 oaks and 13 species on g2–g3 oaks were recorded in winter. The birds’ daily time buds for the one oak example are low in winter, and by the 90 times reduce compared with the summer. The bird time budget basis in winter are the trophic interactions. The birds’ activity on oak sharply increases in spring and exceeds 1,5–2 times the summer parameters on virgin and mature generative oak (g2–g3). Birds on oak spend most of their time on topical interactions during this season because of the oak important role in the birds reproduction. On the other hand, the young generative oak (g1) is not in demand by the birds in spring because of insufficient crown density and the oaks of this age location at the edge. The number of bird species on oak in spring is less than in summer due to the late onset of leaf blooming on the oak. A significant part of the birds’ activity in the spring moves to the lower tier of the forest because of the earlier vegetation beginning. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the consorting groups of common oak throughout the year retain the main features of their organization. The virgin oak is characterized by a stochastic nature of the birds interaction with the consortium core and almost hasn’t obligate consort birds. Young generative oak is actively forming a trophic relations system with consorts due to intensive linear growth. At this age, first of all, general indicators are formed – time and mass budgets. The consortium of mature and old generative oak has a significantly larger number of bird species consorts and their interactions diversity with the tree. This can help to increase the stability of consorting groups. In most cases in the oak consortium the trophic component of the consortium form earlier then the topical. The specific location of the virgin and young generative oak at the lit positions in the lime-ash oak forests influences the oak consortia formation in a considerable scale. The number of types of interactions between the consort and the autotroph is the most effective indicator, which shows a high level of the consortium development. The stability of consortial relations between birds and English oak grows throughout the year from virgin oak to mature and old generative. The virgin oak unstable consorting groups have fluctuations of the species number during the year up to 100 % (the number of consort species in summer was chosen as the initial value). The consortia species composition fluctuations reach 81,82 % for young generative oak, and 59,26 % – for mature and old generative oak. The mature and old generative oak consortia attract seasonal bird species that replace each other throughout the year more actively. This ensures the stability of year-round control of phytophage populations.
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Costilla, Julia. "Entretelones de santuarios católicos: creadores de símbolos, milagros y devociones en Latinoamérica (entre la Colonia y el siglo XX)." Relaciones 46, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): e025. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/18521479e025.
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El trabajo aborda comparativamente el surgimiento de tres santuarios católicos latinoamericanos: el de la Virgen de Copacabana y el del Señor de los Milagros de Lima, ambos de origen colonial (Virreinato peruano), y el de la Virgen del Rosario de San Nicolás (Argentina), originado en las últimas décadas del siglo XX. Desde una perspectiva antropológica, combinando trabajo de archivo con enfoque etnográfico, se analizan las principales acciones y motivaciones que contribuyeron a consolidar cada uno de los santuarios. ¿Quiénes fueron los productores –materiales y simbólicos‒ de estas imágenes católicas y en qué circunstancias actuaron? ¿De qué manera surgieron las devociones en torno a ellas? ¿Cuál fue el papel de los sucesos milagrosos en la afirmación de los cultos? Me propongo examinar la posibilidad de reconocer regularidades y lógicas comunes en estos procesos, analizando hasta qué punto remiten a factores contextuales o a dinámicas propias de la construcción de santuarios católicos.
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Fernández Gracia, Ricardo. "Algunas representaciones inmaculistas hispanas del siglo XVIII. Fuentes gráficas y literarias de los defensores del «misterio concepcionista»." Anuario de Historia de la Iglesia 13 (May 2, 2018): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/007.13.23617.
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Estudio detallado de tres representaciones inmaculistas en obras pictóricas españolas de Juan de Espinal, Antonio González y Francisco Ogalindo (siglo XVIII), que son composiciones novedosas, más elaboradas que las del siglo XVII. Sobre la base de fuentes literarias y gráficas, aportaban un nuevo modelo para clientelas de diferente status, en el que quedase claro que la Virgen fue concebida sin pecado original. Pudo influir en su proliferación la designación de la Inmaculada, en 1761, como patrona de España y de todos sus dominios.
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Rios, Marina. "CRUCES ENTRE LITERATURA Y ARTE: LA ESTELA DUCHAMPIANA EN EL GRAN VIDRIO DE MARIO BELATTIN, LA VIRGEN CABEZA Y ROMANCE DE LA NEGRA RUBIA DE GABRIELA CABEZÓN CÁMARA." Anuari de Filologia. Literatures Contemporànies, no. 11 (July 31, 2022): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/aflc2021.11.4.
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A partir de los fundamentos que el escritor César Aira desarrolla acerca del ready-made de Duchamp es posible considerar esta imagen-concepto como una figura del arte que opera en las ficciones contemporáneas. Este artículo se propone analizar tres narrativas contemporáneas latinoamericanas bajo la figura del ready-made con el objetivo de establecer cruces entre literatura y arte. Las ficciones son: El gran vidrio de Mario Bellatin, La virgen cabeza y Romance de la negra rubia de Gabriela Cabezón Cámara.
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Fernández Gallardo, Luis. "Cortesanía y humanismo en el debate sobre la mujer: Alfonso de Cartagena y su Duodenarium." Hispania Sacra 72, no. 145 (July 9, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/hs.2020.006.
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Alfonso de Cartagena (1385-1456) escribió su Duodenarium (1442) a instancias de Fernán Pérez de Guzmán. Se trata de la respuesta a una serie de cuestiones; la última se refiere al debate de la mujer: ¿qué excelencia es mejor, la femenina o la masculina? Sostiene la superioridad de una mujer, la Virgen, sobre cualquier otro ser humano y analiza las virtudes propias de hombres (fortaleza, justicia) y mujeres (modestia, recato). Vindica la excelencia femenina mediante tres diálogos —revelador de una elaboración literaria, pero se le impuso a don Alonso el modelo del diálogo-disputa de tradición medieval— de tres parejas excelsas, correspondientes a los tres estadios de evolución moral: ley natural (Lucrecia y Catón), ley vieja (Susana y José) y ley nueva (reina Berenguela y Fernando III de Castilla). Sus ideas sobre la mujer y el matrimonio son conservadoras, rigoristas: marginación de la sexualidad y defensa firme del consentimiento parental. Completa éstas el comentario del elogio bíblico de la buena esposa (Proverbios 31), anticipo de La perfecta casada de Fray Luis de León.
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Dutcă, Ioan, Dimitris Zianis, Ion Cătălin Petrițan, Cosmin Ion Bragă, Gheorghe Ștefan, Jorge Curiel Yuste, and Any Mary Petrițan. "Allometric Biomass Models for European Beech and Silver Fir: Testing Approaches to Minimize the Demand for Site-Specific Biomass Observations." Forests 11, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111136.
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In this paper, site-specific allometric biomass models were developed for European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) to estimate the aboveground biomass in Șinca virgin forest, Romania. Several approaches to minimize the demand for site-specific observations in allometric biomass model development were also investigated. Developing site-specific allometric biomass models requires new measurements of biomass for a sample of trees from that specific site. Yet, measuring biomass is laborious, time consuming, and requires extensive logistics, especially for very large trees. The allometric biomass models were developed for a wide range of diameters at breast height, D (6–86 cm for European beech and 6–93 cm for silver fir) using a logarithmic transformation approach. Two alternative approaches were applied, i.e., random intercept model (RIM) and a Bayesian model with strong informative priors, to enhance the information of the site-specific sample (of biomass observations) by supplementing with a generic biomass sample. The appropriateness of each model was evaluated based on the aboveground biomass prediction of a 1 ha sample plot in Șinca forest. The results showed that models based on both D and tree height (H) to predict tree aboveground biomass (AGB) were more accurate predictors of AGB and produced plot-level estimates with better precision, than models based on D only. Furthermore, both RIM and Bayesian approach performed similarly well when a small local sample (of seven smallest trees) was used to calibrate the allometric model. Therefore, the generic biomass observations may effectively be combined with a small local sample (of just a few small trees) to calibrate an allometric model to a certain site and to minimize the demand for site-specific biomass measurements. However, special attention should be given to the H-D ratio, since it can affect the allometry and the performance of the reduced local sample approach.