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Journal articles on the topic 'Trends of polymer nanofibers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Ali, Muhammad, Qura Tul Ain, and Ji HuanHe. "Branched nanofibers for biodegradable facemasks by double bubble electrospinning." Acta Chemica Malaysia 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acmy-2020-0007.

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AbstractWorld health organization (WHO) data shows that air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year. A nanofiber based biodegradable facemask can keep breath from smoke and other particles suspended in the air. In this study, we propose branched polymeric nanofibers as a biodegradable material for air filters and facemasks. Fibers have been elecrospun using double bubble electrospinning technique. Biodegradable polymers, PVA and PVP were used in our experiment. Two tubes, each filled with one of the polymers, were supplied with air from the bottom to form bubbles of polymer solutions. DC 35-40 kV was used to deposit the fibers on an aluminum foil. Results show that the combination of polymers under specific conditions produced branched fibers with average nanofibers diameter of 495nm. FT-IR results indicate the new trends in the graph of composite nanofibers.

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2

Liu, Hong Ying, Lan Xu, Xiao Peng Tang, and Na Si. "Effect of Collect Distance on the Fabrication of Aligned Nanofiber by Parallel Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.381.

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Electrospinning has been applied to prepare uniaxially aligned nanofibers made of organic polymers, ceramics, and polymer/ceramic composites. The highly aligned PAN nanofiber was successfully fabricated by the simple rapid method for preparing parallel micropipette electrodes. The effect of collect distance on the degree of aligned nanofibers and diameter distribution as well as the variation trend was explored and reseached.

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3

Wani, Saima, HashAm S. Sofi, Shafquatat Majeed, and Faheem A. Sheikh. "Recent Trends in Chitosan Nanofibers: From Tissue-Engineering to Environmental Importance: A Review." Material Science Research India 14, no. 2 (November 25, 2017): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/140202.

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Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible and extracellular matrix mimicking polymer. These tunable biological properties make chitosan highly useful in a wide range of applications like tissue-engineering, wound dressing material, controlled drug delivery system, biosensors and membrane separators, and as antibacterial coatings etc. Moreover, its similarity with glycosaminoglycans makes its suitable candidate for tissue-engineering. Electrospinning is a novel technique to manufacture nanofibers of chitosan and these nanofibers possess high porosity and surface area, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, lack of mechanical strength and water insolubility make it difficult to fabricate chitosan nanofibers scaffolds. This often requires blending with other polymers and use of harsh solvents. Also, the functionalization of chitosan with different chemical moieties provides a solution to these limitations. This article reviews the recent trends and sphere of application of chitosan nanofibers produced by electrospinning process. Further, we present the latest developments in the functionalization of this polymer to produce materials of biological and environmental importance.

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4

Xia, Hongyan, Tingkuo Chen, Chang Hu, and Kang Xie. "Recent Advances of the Polymer Micro/Nanofiber Fluorescence Waveguide." Polymers 10, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101086.

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Subwavelength optical micro/nanofibers have several advantages, such as compact optical wave field and large specific surface area, which make them widely used as basic building blocks in the field of micro-nano optical waveguide and photonic devices. Among them, polymer micro/nanofibers are among the first choices for constructing micro-nano photonic components and miniaturized integrated optical paths, as they have good mechanical properties and tunable photonic properties. At the same time, the structures of polymer chains, aggregated structures, and artificial microstructures all have unique effects on photons. These waveguided micro/nanofibers can be made up of not only luminescent conjugated polymers, but also nonluminous matrix polymers doped with luminescent dyes (organic and inorganic luminescent particles, etc.) due to the outstanding compatibility of polymers. This paper summarizes the recent progress of the light-propagated mechanism, novel design, controllable fabrication, optical modulation, high performance, and wide applications of the polymer micro/nanofiber fluorescence waveguide. The focus is on the methods for simplifying the preparation process and modulating the waveguided photon parameters. In addition, developing new polymer materials for optical transmission and improving transmission efficiency is discussed in detail. It is proposed that the multifunctional heterojunctions based on the arrangement and combination of polymer-waveguided micro/nanofibers would be an important trend toward the construction of more novel and complex photonic devices. It is of great significance to study and optimize the optical waveguide and photonic components of polymer micro/nanofibers for the development of intelligent optical chips and miniaturized integrated optical circuits.

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5

Manea, Liliana Rozemarie, Alexandru Popa, and Anisoara Bertea. "Technological Progress in Manufacturing Electrospun Nanofibers for Medical Applications." Key Engineering Materials 752 (August 2017): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.752.126.

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The very adaptable performance of electrospun nanofibers is the result of the choice of the natural or synthetic polymer/polymer blend, work environmentand process parameters, which allows the appropriate control of morphology and properties of the products. To offer an ample update on progress in the field, this review provides an overview of the modification or functionalization of nanofibers for biomedical applications, intended to engineer precise features that will enhance their end use performance. Diverse concepts, such as single electrospinning, co-electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning or miniemulsion electrospinning, and technological factors that can influence the capability to incorporate biological agents with diverse features and to modify the release conduct are studied. The many bioactive molecules that can be integrated into nanofibers via diverse approaches are revised, including bactericide agents, various drugs, proteins and enzymes.Future trends of nanofiber functionalization in order to improve their performance and function in biomedical applications are presented.

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6

Wang, Fadong, Shui Hu, Qingxiu Jia, and Liqun Zhang. "Advances in Electrospinning of Natural Biomaterials for Wound Dressing." Journal of Nanomaterials 2020 (March 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8719859.

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Electrospinning has been recognized as an efficient technique for the fabrication of polymer nanofibers. Various polymers have been successfully electrospun into ultrafine fibers in recent years. These electrospun biopolymer nanofibers have potential applications for wound dressing based upon their unique properties. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented on the researches and developments related to electrospun biopolymer nanofibers including processing, structure and property, characterization, and applications. Information of those polymers together with their processing condition for electrospinning of ultrafine fibers has been summarized in the paper. The application of electrospun natural biopolymer fibers in wound dressings was specifically discussed. Other issues regarding the technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are also discussed.

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7

Moulefera, Imane, Marah Trabelsi, Al Mamun, and Lilia Sabantina. "Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers from Biomass and Biomass Blends—Current Trends." Polymers 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071071.

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In recent years, ecological issues have led to the search for new green materials from biomass as precursors for producing carbon materials (CNFs). Such green materials are more attractive than traditional petroleum-based materials, which are environmentally harmful and non-biodegradable. Biomass could be ideal precursors for nanofibers since they stem from renewable sources and are low-cost. Recently, many authors have focused intensively on nanofibers’ production from biomass using microwave-assisted pyrolysis, hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonication method, but only a few on electrospinning methods. Moreover, still few studies deal with the production of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass. This review focuses on the new developments and trends of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass and aims to fill this research gap. The review is focusing on recollecting the most recent investigations about the preparation of carbon nanofiber from biomass and biopolymers as precursors using electrospinning as the manufacturing method, and the most important applications, such as energy storage that include fuel cells, electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors, as well as wastewater treatment, CO2 capture, and medicine.

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8

Wang, Xin, and Xun Gai Wang. "Mass Production of Nanofibers from a Spiral Coil." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.36.

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In this study, we have demonstrated that a rotating metal wire coil can be used as a nozzle to electrospin nanofibers on a large-scale. Without using any needles, the rotating wire coil, partially immersed in a polymer solution reservoir, can pick up a thin layer of charged polymer solution and generate a large number of nanofibers from the wire surface simultaneously. This arrangement significantly increases the nanofiber productivity. The fiber productivity was found to be determined by the coil dimensions, applied voltage and polymer concentration. The dependency of fiber diameter on the polymer concentration showed a similar trend to that for a conventional electrospinning system using a syringe needle nozzle, but the coil electrospun fibers were thinner with narrower diameter distribution. The profiles of electric field strength in the coil electrospinning was calculated and showed concentrated electric field intensity on the top wire surface.

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9

Hashmi, Motahira, Sana Ullah, Azeem Ullah, Muhammad Akmal, Yusuke Saito, Nadir Hussain, Xuehong Ren, and Ick Soo Kim. "Optimized Loading of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) in Tri-component Electrospun Nanofibers Having Uniform Morphology." Polymers 12, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112524.

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Cellulose is one of the most hydrophilic polymers with sufficient water holding capacity but it is unstable in aqueous conditions and it swells. Cellulose itself is not suitable for electrospun nanofibers’ formation due to high swelling, viscosity, and lower conductivity. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is also super hydrophilic polymer, however it has the same trend for nanofibers formation as that of cellulose. Due to the above-stated reasons, applications of CMC are quite limited in nanotechnology. In recent research, loading of CMC was optimized for electrospun tri-component polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nanofibers aim at widening its area of applications. PVA is a water-soluble polymer with a wide range of applications in water filtration, biomedical, and environmental engineering, and with the advantage of easy process ability. However, it was observed that only PVA was not sufficient to produce PVA/CMC nanofibers via electrospinning. To increase spinnability of PVA/CMC nanofibers, PVP was selected as the best available option because of its higher conductivity and water solubility. Weight ratios of CMC and PVP were optimized to produce uniform nanofibers with continuous production as well. It was observed that at a weight ratio of PVP 12 and CMC 3 was at the highest possible loading to produce smooth nanofibers.

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10

Vilchez, Ariel, Francisca Acevedo, Mara Cea, Michael Seeger, and Rodrigo Navia. "Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers with Antioxidant Properties: A Review." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010175.

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Antioxidants can be encapsulated to enhance their solubility or bioavailability or to protect them from external factors. Electrospinning has proven to be an excellent option for applications in nanotechnology, as electrospun nanofibers can provide the necessary environment for antioxidant encapsulation. Forty-nine papers related to antioxidants loaded onto electrospun nanofibers were categorized and reviewed to identify applications and new trends. Medical and food fields were commonly proposed for the newly obtained composites. Among the polymers used as a matrix for the electrospinning process, synthetic poly (lactic acid) and polycaprolactone were the most widely used. In addition, natural compounds and extracts were identified as antioxidants that help to inhibit free radical and oxidative damage in tissues and foods. The most recurrent active compounds used were tannic acid (polyphenol), quercetin (flavonoid), curcumin (polyphenol), and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). The incorporation of active compounds in nanofibers often improves their bioavailability, giving them increased stability, changing the mechanical properties of polymers, enhancing nanofiber biocompatibility, and offering novel properties for the required field. Although most of the polymers used were synthetic, natural polymers such as silk fibroin, chitosan, cellulose, pullulan, polyhydroxybutyrate, and zein have proven to be proper matrices for this purpose.

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11

Parbey, Joseph, Qin Wang, Guangsen Yu, Xiaoqiang Zhang, Tingshuai Li, and Martin Andersson. "Progress in the use of electrospun nanofiber electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells: a review." Reviews in Chemical Engineering 36, no. 8 (November 25, 2020): 879–931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2018-0074.

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AbstractThe application of one-dimensional nanofibers in the fabrication of an electrode greatly improves the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its advantages on electron transfer and mass transport. Various mixed ionic-electronic conducting materials with perovskites and Ruddlesden-Popper-type metal oxide structures are successfully electrospun into nanofibers in recent years mostly in solvent solution and some in melt forms, which are used as anode and cathode electrodes for SOFCs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the structure, electrochemical performance, and development of anode and cathode nanofiber electrodes including processing, structure, and property characterization. The focuses are first on the precursor, applied voltage, and polymer in the material electrospinning process, the performance of the fiber, potential limitation and drawbacks, and factors affecting fiber morphology, and sintering temperature for impurity-free fibers. Information on relevant methodologies for cell fabrication and stability issues, polarization resistances, area specific resistance, conductivity, and power densities are summarized in the paper, and technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are also discussed. The concluded information benefits improvement of the material properties and optimization of microstructure of the electrodes for SOFCs.

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12

Dou, Hao, and Hong Yan Liu. "Fabrication of Micro Yarn Composed of Nanofibers by Blown Bubble Spinning." Advanced Materials Research 843 (November 2013): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.843.74.

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Recent years, much attention has been paid to approaches for directly producing nanofibers along with a rising trend for their exploration and application in wide fields. Considering the melt blowing and bubble-electrospinning, a novel method called blown bubble-spinning was introduced by forcing airflow onto the polymer bubble. In this paper, a special hierarchical structure has demonstrated the ability to form micro yarn composed of nanofibers in this way. The resulting yarn is about 23 micrometers while the nanofibers 376 nanometers.

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13

Moheman, Abdul, Mohammad Sarwar Alam, and Ali Mohammad. "Recent trends in electrospinning of polymer nanofibers and their applications in ultra thin layer chromatography." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 229 (March 2016): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2015.12.003.

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14

Zdraveva, Emilija, and Budimir Mijovic. "Parameters Dependence of Fibers Diameter and Pores Area in Electrospinning." Advanced Engineering Forum 26 (February 2018): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.26.67.

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Electrospinning has become the most popular nanofibers production technique that many scientists around the world were intrigued by. It is based on electrostatic forces stretching a polymer solution that undergoes bending instability and eventually results in number of fine nanoscaled filaments. The study reports of four processing parameters effect on electrospun polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers diameter and pores area. Fibers diameter increase results from the increase of time, volume flow rate and tip to collector distance with a critical value of the first two parameters. The pores area showed both decrease and increase after a critical value of the electrical voltage at 19 kV, while the mean pores area decreased with the time increase. Irregular trends of increasing and decreasing trends of the means pores area were noticed with the change of the volume flow rate and tip to collector distance..

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15

Pennells, Jordan, Ian D. Godwin, Nasim Amiralian, and Darren J. Martin. "Trends in the production of cellulose nanofibers from non-wood sources." Cellulose 27, no. 2 (November 9, 2019): 575–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02828-9.

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16

Mejía Suaza, Mónica Liliana, Maria Elena Moncada, and Claudia Patricia Ossa-Orozco. "Characterization of Electrospun Silk Fibroin Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review." TecnoLógicas 23, no. 49 (September 15, 2020): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22430/22565337.1573.

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Silk Fibroin (SF) is a natural polymer obtained from the Bombyx mori silkworm. It has been used in bone tissue engineering thanks to its favorable biocompatibility, adhesion, low biodegradability, and tensile strength properties. Electrospinning is a technique to develop nanofibers. It uses high voltages to convert polymer solutions into porous nanostructured scaffolds with a good ratio between superficial area and volume. In this paper, we examine the effect of the electrospinning parameters on fiber morphology once the spun fibers have been treated. In addition, we present different physicochemical characterizations of electrospun SF scaffolds such as their morphology (via Scanning Electron Microscopic—SEM—), crystalline structure (via Fourier Transform Infrared—FTIR—spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction—XRD—), thermal characteristics (via Differential Scanning Calorimetry—DSC—and Thermogravimetric Analysis—TGA—), and mechanical properties (tensile strength). Finally, we discuss the potential applications and impacts of electrospun SF in bone tissue engineering and future research trends.

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Taemeh, Mahdokht Akbari, Ayoub Shiravandi, Maryam Asadi Korayem, and Hamed Daemi. "Fabrication challenges and trends in biomedical applications of alginate electrospun nanofibers." Carbohydrate Polymers 228 (January 2020): 115419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115419.

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18

Veeramuthu, Loganathan, Manikandan Venkatesan, Fang-Cheng Liang, Jean-Sebastien Benas, Chia-Jung Cho, Chin-Wen Chen, Ye Zhou, Rong-Ho Lee, and Chi-Ching Kuo. "Conjugated Copolymers through Electrospinning Synthetic Strategies and Their Versatile Applications in Sensing Environmental Toxicants, pH, Temperature, and Humidity." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030587.

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Conjugated copolymers (CCPs) are a class of polymers with excellent optical luminescent and electrical conducting properties because of their extensive π conjugation. CCPs have several advantages such as facile synthesis, structural tailorability, processability, and ease of device fabrication by compatible solvents. Electrospinning (ES) is a versatile technique that produces continuous high throughput nanofibers or microfibers and its appropriate synchronization with CCPs can aid in harvesting an ideal sensory nanofiber. The ES-based nanofibrous membrane enables sensors to accomplish ultrahigh sensitivity and response time with the aid of a greater surface-to-volume ratio. This review covers the crucial aspects of designing highly responsive optical sensors that includes synthetic strategies, sensor fabrication, mechanistic aspects, sensing modes, and recent sensing trends in monitoring environmental toxicants, pH, temperature, and humidity. In particular, considerable attention is being paid on classifying the ES-based optical sensor fabrication to overcome remaining challenges such as sensitivity, selectivity, dye leaching, instability, and reversibility.

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19

Sain, Sunanda, Shubhalakshmi Sengupta, Dipa Ray, Abhirupa Kar, and Aniruddha Mukhopadhyay. "Cellulose Nanofiber Reinforced Ecofriendly Green PMMA Nanocomposites." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.387.

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Recently, the polymeric composites from renewable resources have attracted great interest. The trend to develop novel eco-friendly green materials from various renewable resources leads to the full or partial replacement of synthetic materials towards a sustainable world also. With a high modulus of elasticity, low density, low production cost and energy consumption, easy processability, renewable nature and recyclability, cellulose nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as reinforcing filler in polymer matrix composites for exploring new applications. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/cellulose nanocomposite films were prepared by in-situ polymerization with 10 weight% loading of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and chemically modified cellulose nanofibers with maleic anhydride (M1CNF) and MMA (M2CNF) respectively to increase their interfacial compatibility with PMMA. The presence of the nanofiller increased the thermal stability of the nanocomposites, as measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and their glass transition temperature, measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as their average molecular weight measured by viscometric method. Mechanical test results showed that surface treatment of cellulose nanofibers significantly improved the tensile properties of PMMA nanocomposites. Biodegradation study was performed with soil burial method to analyze the effect of cellulose nanofibers on biodegradation.

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20

Goodarz, Mostafa, Hajir Bahrami, Mojtaba Sadighi, and Saeed Saber-Samandari. "Quasi-static indentation response of aramid fiber/epoxy composites containing nylon 66 electrospun nano-interlayers." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 5 (November 25, 2016): 960–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716679158.

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In the last decade, polymer nanofibers have found promising application for improving through-thickness properties of structural composite laminates through interleaving. The main advantage of inserting nanofibers in conventional composites is making the matrix between the layers tougher. In this article, the benefits of using electrospun fibrous nano-interleaves in enhancing the quasi-static indentation response of aramid/epoxy laminated composites was investigated and the effect of variables of produced nano-interleaves including interleaf thickness (17.5, 35, and 70 µm) and stacking configuration (one-side, central, and two-side interleaving) on behavior of the nano-modified composites was investigated. The results indicate that force, displacement, absorbed energy, and stiffness of these composites are significantly affected by the presence of nano-interleaves. The optimum values were observed in the composites with 35 µm thickness of nano-interleave where three first parameters were higher than their reference values, but the stiffness value had opposite trend of other parameters. On the other hand, it can be seen that only asymmetrical (back-side indentation) stacking configuration lead to improving the composite properties. The visual inspection of the indentation damaged specimens reveals that thickness and stacking configuration of interleaves controls the size of damage.

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21

Zhou, Zhengping, Oksana Zholobko, Xiang-Fa Wu, Ted Aulich, Jivan Thakare, and John Hurley. "Polybenzimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High-Temperature Fuel Cells: Current Status and Prospects." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010135.

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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) expect a promising future in addressing the major problems associated with production and consumption of renewable energies and meeting the future societal and environmental needs. Design and fabrication of new proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high proton conductivity and durability is crucial to overcome the drawbacks of the present PEMs. Acid-doped polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) carry high proton conductivity and long-term thermal, chemical, and structural stabilities are recognized as the suited polymeric materials for next-generation PEMs of high-temperature fuel cells in place of Nafion® membranes. This paper aims to review the recent developments in acid-doped PBI-based PEMs for use in PEMFCs. The structures and proton conductivity of a variety of acid-doped PBI-based PEMs are discussed. More recent development in PBI-based electrospun nanofiber PEMs is also considered. The electrochemical performance of PBI-based PEMs in PEMFCs and new trends in the optimization of acid-doped PBIs are explored.

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22

Farsi, Mohammad, Afshin Tavasoli, Hossein Yousefi, and Hassan Ziaei Tabari. "A study on the thermal and mechanical properties of composites made of nanolignocellulose and Pebax®polymer." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, no. 11 (September 23, 2018): 1509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718799817.

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This study aimed at producing the biodegradable composite from lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) and Pebax®thermoplastic elastomer. For this purpose, LCNFs at different levels of 0, 1, 3, and 5% were considered. The LCNFs were prepared by benzyl alcohol and then mixed with Pebax®. The liquid phase of the LCNFs and soluble polymer was prepared and then the masterbatches were mixed in an internal mixer (Model 815802, Brabender, Germany). The mixtures from the internal mixer were put into a hot press and test samples were compress-molded. The physical properties results indicated that water absorption and thickness swelling decreased by the addition of more amount of LCNF. By the addition of LCNFs to polymer, the tensile strength and modulus and impact strength were increased compared to samples without LCNF. No regular trend of enthalpy changes was observed as the content of LCNF changed. When the LCNF concentration was increased to 5%, the crystallization temperature was increased. As the LCNF concentration increased to 3%, the glass transition temperature ( Tg) was decreased, whereas by incorporating more LCNFs, the Tgwas increased. The result of the Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the peaks at 1740 cm−1which indicated the presence of polyamide bonds. Also, new peaks were observed in the range of 1400–1500 cm−1that was probably related to the presence of C−C bonds of glucose at LCNFs chains.

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23

Amado, Javier Carlos Quagliano, Pablo Germán Ross, Natália Beck Sanches, Juliano Ribeiro Aguiar Pinto, and Jorge Carlos Narciso Dutra. "Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review." Open Chemistry 18, no. 1 (December 5, 2020): 1452–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0182.

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AbstractThis review addresses a comparison, based on the literature, among nitrile rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber (EPDM), and polyurethane (PU) elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSM). Currently, these are utilized for the insulation of rocket engines to prevent catastrophic breakdown if combustion gases from propellant reaches the motor case. The objective of this review is to evaluate the performance of PU–EHSM, NBR–EHSM, and EPDM–EHSM as insulators, the latter being the current state of the art in solid rocket motor (SRM) internal insulation. From our review, PU–EHSM emerged as an alternative to EPDM–EHSM because of their easier processability and compatibility with composite propellant. With the appropriate reinforcement and concentration in the rubber, they could replace EPDM in certain applications such as rocket motors filled with composite propellant. A critical assessment and future trends are included. Rubber composites novelties as EHSM employs specialty fillers, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS), nanofibers, nanoparticles, and high-performance engineering polymers such as polyetherimide and polyphosphazenes.

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Ferrone, Eloisa, Rodolfo Araneo, Andrea Notargiacomo, Marialilia Pea, and Antonio Rinaldi. "ZnO Nanostructures and Electrospun ZnO–Polymeric Hybrid Nanomaterials in Biomedical, Health, and Sustainability Applications." Nanomaterials 9, no. 10 (October 12, 2019): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9101449.

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ZnO-based nanomaterials are a subject of increasing interest within current research, because of their multifunctional properties, such as piezoelectricity, semi-conductivity, ultraviolet absorption, optical transparency, and photoluminescence, as well as their low toxicity, biodegradability, low cost, and versatility in achieving diverse shapes. Among the numerous fields of application, the use of nanostructured ZnO is increasingly widespread also in the biomedical and healthcare sectors, thanks to its antiseptic and antibacterial properties, role as a promoter in tissue regeneration, selectivity for specific cell lines, and drug delivery function, as well as its electrochemical and optical properties, which make it a good candidate for biomedical applications. Because of its growing use, understanding the toxicity of ZnO nanomaterials and their interaction with biological systems is crucial for manufacturing relevant engineering materials. In the last few years, ZnO nanostructures were also used to functionalize polymer matrices to produce hybrid composite materials with new properties. Among the numerous manufacturing methods, electrospinning is becoming a mainstream technique for the production of scaffolds and mats made of polymeric and metal-oxide nanofibers. In this review, we focus on toxicological aspects and recent developments in the use of ZnO-based nanomaterials for biomedical, healthcare, and sustainability applications, either alone or loaded inside polymeric matrices to make electrospun composite nanomaterials. Bibliographic data were compared and analyzed with the aim of giving homogeneity to the results and highlighting reference trends useful for obtaining a fresh perspective about the toxicity of ZnO nanostructures and their underlying mechanisms for the materials and engineering community.

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Vulcani, V. A. S., V. S. Franzo, R. E. Rabelo, A. S. Rabbers, B. M. Assis, M. A. D'Ávila, and S. M. B. Antoni. "In vivo biocompatibility of nanostructured Chitosan/Peo membranes." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 67, no. 4 (August 2015): 1039–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8286.

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Electrospinning is a technique that allows the preparation of nanofibers from various materials. Chitosan is a natural and abundant easily obtained polymer, which, in addition to those features, proved to be biocompatible. This work used nanostructured chitosan and polyoxyethylene membranes as subcutaneous implants in Wistar rats to evaluate the biocompatibility of the material. Samples of the material and tissues adjacent to the implant were collected 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post-implantation. Macroscopic integration of the material to the tissues was observed in the samples and slides for histopathological examination that were prepared. It was noticed that the material does not stimulate the formation of adherences to the surrounding tissues and that there is initial predominance of neutrophilia and lymphocytosis, with a declining trend according to the increase of time, featuring a non-persistent acute inflammatory process. However, the material showed fast degradation, impairing the macroscopic observation after fifteen days of implantation. It was concluded that the material is biocompatible and that new studies should be conducted, modifying the time of degradation by changes in obtaining methods and verifying the biocompatibility in specific tissues for biomedical applications.

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Kadam, Vinod V., Lijing Wang, and Rajiv Padhye. "Electrospun nanofibre materials to filter air pollutants – A review." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 8 (November 9, 2016): 2253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716676812.

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This review presents an overview of electrospun nanomembranes produced from various polymers to filter air pollutants. Air pollutants can be categorised as particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. Both differ from each other in terms of size and chemical composition. Hence, the filter characterisation techniques and capture mechanism also vary. Particulate matter can be effectively captured in nanomembranes, in relation to microfibres, due to its small fibre diameter, small pore size and high specific surface area. Recently, electrospun nanomembranes have been used to filter gaseous pollutants owing to their potential of active surface modification. Different additives which functionalised the nanofibre surface for gaseous pollutant adsorption are also highlighted in this review. The characteristic features of nanofibres influencing the filtration efficiency have been discussed. Furthermore, various research challenges and future trends of electrospun nanomembranes in air filtration have been discussed.

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TANIOKA, AKIHIKO. "World Trends of Nanofiber and The Nanofiber Society." FIBER 66, no. 12 (2010): P.394—P.397. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.66.p_394.

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TANAKA, MANABU. "Ion Conductive Polymer Nanofibers." Sen'i Gakkaishi 69, no. 2 (2013): P_57—P_62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.69.p_57.

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Lolla, Dinesh, Ahmed Abutaleb, Marjan A. Kashfipour, and George G. Chase. "Polarized Catalytic Polymer Nanofibers." Materials 12, no. 18 (September 5, 2019): 2859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182859.

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Molecular scale modifications were achieved by spontaneous polarization which is favored in enhancements of β-crystallization phase inside polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers (NFs). These improvements were much more effective in nano and submicron fibers compared to fibers with relatively larger diameters. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) supported by nanofibrous membranes opened new vistas in filtration, catalysis, and serving as most reliable resources in numerous other industrial applications. In this research, hydrogenation of phenol was studied as a model to test the effectiveness of polarized PVDF nanofiber support embedded with agglomerated palladium (Pd) metallic nanoparticle diameters ranging from 5–50 nm supported on polymeric PVDF NFs with ~200 nm in cross-sectional diameters. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and other analytical analysis revealed both molecular and surface morphological changes associated with polarization treatment. The results showed that the fibers mats heated to their curie temperature (150 °C) increased the catalytic activity and decreased the selectivity by yielding substantial amounts of undesired product (cyclohexanol) alongside with the desired product (cyclohexanone). Over 95% phenol conversion with excellent cyclohexanone selectivity was obtained less than nine hours of reaction using the polarized PVDF nanofibers as catalytic support structures.

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OCHI, Takashi. "Nanofibers of Commodity Polymer." Kobunshi 55, no. 3 (2006): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.55.151.

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WATANABE, KEI. "Technology Trends of Nanofiber Production Machines." Sen'i Gakkaishi 69, no. 6 (2013): P_182—P_185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.69.p_182.

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Reneker, Darrell H., and Alexander L. Yarin. "Electrospinning jets and polymer nanofibers." Polymer 49, no. 10 (May 2008): 2387–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.02.002.

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Frenot, Audrey, and Ioannis S. Chronakis. "Polymer nanofibers assembled by electrospinning." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 8, no. 1 (March 2003): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-0294(03)00004-9.

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Pisignano, Dario, Giuseppe Maruccio, Elisa Mele, Luana Persano, Francesca Di Benedetto, and Roberto Cingolani. "Polymer nanofibers by soft lithography." Applied Physics Letters 87, no. 12 (September 19, 2005): 123109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2046731.

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CZAPKA, Tomasz. "Electrostatic fabrication of polymer nanofibers." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2020.02.41.

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Drew, Christopher, Xin Liu, David Ziegler, Xianyan Wang, Ferdinando F. Bruno, James Whitten, Lynne A. Samuelson, and Jayant Kumar. "Metal Oxide-Coated Polymer Nanofibers." Nano Letters 3, no. 2 (February 2003): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl025850m.

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Haghi, A. K., and M. Akbari. "Trends in electrospinning of natural nanofibers." physica status solidi (a) 204, no. 6 (June 2007): 1830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200675301.

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Et.al, Anamika CR. "Current Advances In The Nanofiber (NF) Based Polymer Composites." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 6 (April 10, 2021): 07–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i6.1249.

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Nanofiber (NF) polymeric composites have received more interest nowadays. The majority of the study focuses on characterizing NF and comparing them to traditional composites in terms of mechanical behavior and usage efficiency. There are different varieties of NFs, each with unique possessions that influence whether or not they are used in particular industrial usage. Because of the natural source of these materials, they have an extensive variety of characteristics that are largely dependent on the gathering position and conditions, assembly it tough to choose the right fiber for precise usage. This study aims to map where every form of fiber was located in numerous assets by providing a detailed analysis of the characteristics of NF employed as composite-based materials reinforcement. Recent research on emerging forms of fibers was also discussed. A bibliometric analysis of NF composite applications is discussed. A future trend analysis of NF applications, as well as the essential innovations to extend their uses were also addressed.

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Albañil-Sánchez, Loyda, Rodolfo Cruz-Silva, Jose Luis Piza-Betancourt, and Angel Romo-Uribe. "Electrospun nylon nanofibers for polymer composites." Emerging Materials Research 2, no. 1 (February 2013): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/emr.12.00027.

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KENAWY, EL-REFAIE. "PROCESSING OF POLYMER NANOFIBERS THROUGJ ELECTROSPINNING." International Conference on Chemical and Environmental Engineering 4, no. 6 (May 1, 2008): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iccee.2008.38510.

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Duvail, J. L., P. Rétho, C. Godon, C. Marhic, G. Louarn, O. Chauvet, S. Cuenot, B. Nysten, L. Dauginet-De Pra, and S. Demoustier-Champagne. "Physical properties of conducting polymer nanofibers." Synthetic Metals 135-136 (April 2003): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(02)00626-4.

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Zimbovskaya, Natalya A. "Inelastic electron transport in polymer nanofibers." Journal of Chemical Physics 129, no. 11 (September 21, 2008): 114705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2975236.

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Boubée de Gramont, Fanny, Shiming Zhang, Gaia Tomasello, Prajwal Kumar, Andranik Sarkissian, and Fabio Cicoira. "Highly stretchable electrospun conducting polymer nanofibers." Applied Physics Letters 111, no. 9 (August 28, 2017): 093701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4997911.

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Liu, Suqi, Kevin L. White, and Darrell H. Reneker. "Electrospinning Polymer Nanofibers With Controlled Diameters." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 55, no. 5 (September 2019): 5239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2019.2920811.

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Wu, Xiang-Fa. "Wave propagation in prestretched polymer nanofibers." Journal of Applied Physics 107, no. 1 (January 2010): 013509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3275870.

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Liu, Jing, Tong Wang, Tetsuya Uchida, and Satish Kumar. "Carbon nanotube core-polymer shell nanofibers." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 96, no. 5 (2005): 1992–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.21662.

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Camposeo, Andrea, Francesca Di Benedetto, Ripalta Stabile, Antonio A. R. Neves, Roberto Cingolani, and Dario Pisignano. "Laser Emission from Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers." Small 5, no. 5 (March 6, 2009): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.200801165.

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Zhang, X., W. Song, P. J. F. Harris, G. R. Mitchell, T. T. T. Bui, and A. F. Drake. "Chiral Polymer-Carbon-Nanotube Composite Nanofibers." Advanced Materials 19, no. 8 (March 20, 2007): 1079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200601886.

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Yeo, Leslie Y., and James R. Friend. "Electrospinning carbon nanotube polymer composite nanofibers." Journal of Experimental Nanoscience 1, no. 2 (June 2006): 177–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17458080600670015.

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Talwar, Sachin, Juan Hinestroza, Benham Pourdeyhimi, and Saad A. Khan. "Associative Polymer Facilitated Electrospinning of Nanofibers." Macromolecules 41, no. 12 (June 2008): 4275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma8004795.

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