Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trends of polymer nanofibers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trends of polymer nanofibers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

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Ali, Muhammad, Qura Tul Ain, and Ji HuanHe. "Branched nanofibers for biodegradable facemasks by double bubble electrospinning." Acta Chemica Malaysia 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acmy-2020-0007.

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AbstractWorld health organization (WHO) data shows that air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year. A nanofiber based biodegradable facemask can keep breath from smoke and other particles suspended in the air. In this study, we propose branched polymeric nanofibers as a biodegradable material for air filters and facemasks. Fibers have been elecrospun using double bubble electrospinning technique. Biodegradable polymers, PVA and PVP were used in our experiment. Two tubes, each filled with one of the polymers, were supplied with air from the bottom to form bubbles of polymer solutions. DC 35-40 kV was used to deposit the fibers on an aluminum foil. Results show that the combination of polymers under specific conditions produced branched fibers with average nanofibers diameter of 495nm. FT-IR results indicate the new trends in the graph of composite nanofibers.
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Liu, Hong Ying, Lan Xu, Xiao Peng Tang, and Na Si. "Effect of Collect Distance on the Fabrication of Aligned Nanofiber by Parallel Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.381.

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Electrospinning has been applied to prepare uniaxially aligned nanofibers made of organic polymers, ceramics, and polymer/ceramic composites. The highly aligned PAN nanofiber was successfully fabricated by the simple rapid method for preparing parallel micropipette electrodes. The effect of collect distance on the degree of aligned nanofibers and diameter distribution as well as the variation trend was explored and reseached.
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Wani, Saima, HashAm S. Sofi, Shafquatat Majeed, and Faheem A. Sheikh. "Recent Trends in Chitosan Nanofibers: From Tissue-Engineering to Environmental Importance: A Review." Material Science Research India 14, no. 2 (November 25, 2017): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/140202.

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Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible and extracellular matrix mimicking polymer. These tunable biological properties make chitosan highly useful in a wide range of applications like tissue-engineering, wound dressing material, controlled drug delivery system, biosensors and membrane separators, and as antibacterial coatings etc. Moreover, its similarity with glycosaminoglycans makes its suitable candidate for tissue-engineering. Electrospinning is a novel technique to manufacture nanofibers of chitosan and these nanofibers possess high porosity and surface area, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, lack of mechanical strength and water insolubility make it difficult to fabricate chitosan nanofibers scaffolds. This often requires blending with other polymers and use of harsh solvents. Also, the functionalization of chitosan with different chemical moieties provides a solution to these limitations. This article reviews the recent trends and sphere of application of chitosan nanofibers produced by electrospinning process. Further, we present the latest developments in the functionalization of this polymer to produce materials of biological and environmental importance.
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Xia, Hongyan, Tingkuo Chen, Chang Hu, and Kang Xie. "Recent Advances of the Polymer Micro/Nanofiber Fluorescence Waveguide." Polymers 10, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101086.

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Subwavelength optical micro/nanofibers have several advantages, such as compact optical wave field and large specific surface area, which make them widely used as basic building blocks in the field of micro-nano optical waveguide and photonic devices. Among them, polymer micro/nanofibers are among the first choices for constructing micro-nano photonic components and miniaturized integrated optical paths, as they have good mechanical properties and tunable photonic properties. At the same time, the structures of polymer chains, aggregated structures, and artificial microstructures all have unique effects on photons. These waveguided micro/nanofibers can be made up of not only luminescent conjugated polymers, but also nonluminous matrix polymers doped with luminescent dyes (organic and inorganic luminescent particles, etc.) due to the outstanding compatibility of polymers. This paper summarizes the recent progress of the light-propagated mechanism, novel design, controllable fabrication, optical modulation, high performance, and wide applications of the polymer micro/nanofiber fluorescence waveguide. The focus is on the methods for simplifying the preparation process and modulating the waveguided photon parameters. In addition, developing new polymer materials for optical transmission and improving transmission efficiency is discussed in detail. It is proposed that the multifunctional heterojunctions based on the arrangement and combination of polymer-waveguided micro/nanofibers would be an important trend toward the construction of more novel and complex photonic devices. It is of great significance to study and optimize the optical waveguide and photonic components of polymer micro/nanofibers for the development of intelligent optical chips and miniaturized integrated optical circuits.
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Manea, Liliana Rozemarie, Alexandru Popa, and Anisoara Bertea. "Technological Progress in Manufacturing Electrospun Nanofibers for Medical Applications." Key Engineering Materials 752 (August 2017): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.752.126.

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The very adaptable performance of electrospun nanofibers is the result of the choice of the natural or synthetic polymer/polymer blend, work environmentand process parameters, which allows the appropriate control of morphology and properties of the products. To offer an ample update on progress in the field, this review provides an overview of the modification or functionalization of nanofibers for biomedical applications, intended to engineer precise features that will enhance their end use performance. Diverse concepts, such as single electrospinning, co-electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning or miniemulsion electrospinning, and technological factors that can influence the capability to incorporate biological agents with diverse features and to modify the release conduct are studied. The many bioactive molecules that can be integrated into nanofibers via diverse approaches are revised, including bactericide agents, various drugs, proteins and enzymes.Future trends of nanofiber functionalization in order to improve their performance and function in biomedical applications are presented.
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Wang, Fadong, Shui Hu, Qingxiu Jia, and Liqun Zhang. "Advances in Electrospinning of Natural Biomaterials for Wound Dressing." Journal of Nanomaterials 2020 (March 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8719859.

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Electrospinning has been recognized as an efficient technique for the fabrication of polymer nanofibers. Various polymers have been successfully electrospun into ultrafine fibers in recent years. These electrospun biopolymer nanofibers have potential applications for wound dressing based upon their unique properties. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented on the researches and developments related to electrospun biopolymer nanofibers including processing, structure and property, characterization, and applications. Information of those polymers together with their processing condition for electrospinning of ultrafine fibers has been summarized in the paper. The application of electrospun natural biopolymer fibers in wound dressings was specifically discussed. Other issues regarding the technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are also discussed.
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Moulefera, Imane, Marah Trabelsi, Al Mamun, and Lilia Sabantina. "Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers from Biomass and Biomass Blends—Current Trends." Polymers 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071071.

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In recent years, ecological issues have led to the search for new green materials from biomass as precursors for producing carbon materials (CNFs). Such green materials are more attractive than traditional petroleum-based materials, which are environmentally harmful and non-biodegradable. Biomass could be ideal precursors for nanofibers since they stem from renewable sources and are low-cost. Recently, many authors have focused intensively on nanofibers’ production from biomass using microwave-assisted pyrolysis, hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonication method, but only a few on electrospinning methods. Moreover, still few studies deal with the production of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass. This review focuses on the new developments and trends of electrospun carbon nanofibers from biomass and aims to fill this research gap. The review is focusing on recollecting the most recent investigations about the preparation of carbon nanofiber from biomass and biopolymers as precursors using electrospinning as the manufacturing method, and the most important applications, such as energy storage that include fuel cells, electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors, as well as wastewater treatment, CO2 capture, and medicine.
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Wang, Xin, and Xun Gai Wang. "Mass Production of Nanofibers from a Spiral Coil." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.36.

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In this study, we have demonstrated that a rotating metal wire coil can be used as a nozzle to electrospin nanofibers on a large-scale. Without using any needles, the rotating wire coil, partially immersed in a polymer solution reservoir, can pick up a thin layer of charged polymer solution and generate a large number of nanofibers from the wire surface simultaneously. This arrangement significantly increases the nanofiber productivity. The fiber productivity was found to be determined by the coil dimensions, applied voltage and polymer concentration. The dependency of fiber diameter on the polymer concentration showed a similar trend to that for a conventional electrospinning system using a syringe needle nozzle, but the coil electrospun fibers were thinner with narrower diameter distribution. The profiles of electric field strength in the coil electrospinning was calculated and showed concentrated electric field intensity on the top wire surface.
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Hashmi, Motahira, Sana Ullah, Azeem Ullah, Muhammad Akmal, Yusuke Saito, Nadir Hussain, Xuehong Ren, and Ick Soo Kim. "Optimized Loading of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) in Tri-component Electrospun Nanofibers Having Uniform Morphology." Polymers 12, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112524.

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Cellulose is one of the most hydrophilic polymers with sufficient water holding capacity but it is unstable in aqueous conditions and it swells. Cellulose itself is not suitable for electrospun nanofibers’ formation due to high swelling, viscosity, and lower conductivity. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is also super hydrophilic polymer, however it has the same trend for nanofibers formation as that of cellulose. Due to the above-stated reasons, applications of CMC are quite limited in nanotechnology. In recent research, loading of CMC was optimized for electrospun tri-component polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nanofibers aim at widening its area of applications. PVA is a water-soluble polymer with a wide range of applications in water filtration, biomedical, and environmental engineering, and with the advantage of easy process ability. However, it was observed that only PVA was not sufficient to produce PVA/CMC nanofibers via electrospinning. To increase spinnability of PVA/CMC nanofibers, PVP was selected as the best available option because of its higher conductivity and water solubility. Weight ratios of CMC and PVP were optimized to produce uniform nanofibers with continuous production as well. It was observed that at a weight ratio of PVP 12 and CMC 3 was at the highest possible loading to produce smooth nanofibers.
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Vilchez, Ariel, Francisca Acevedo, Mara Cea, Michael Seeger, and Rodrigo Navia. "Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers with Antioxidant Properties: A Review." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010175.

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Antioxidants can be encapsulated to enhance their solubility or bioavailability or to protect them from external factors. Electrospinning has proven to be an excellent option for applications in nanotechnology, as electrospun nanofibers can provide the necessary environment for antioxidant encapsulation. Forty-nine papers related to antioxidants loaded onto electrospun nanofibers were categorized and reviewed to identify applications and new trends. Medical and food fields were commonly proposed for the newly obtained composites. Among the polymers used as a matrix for the electrospinning process, synthetic poly (lactic acid) and polycaprolactone were the most widely used. In addition, natural compounds and extracts were identified as antioxidants that help to inhibit free radical and oxidative damage in tissues and foods. The most recurrent active compounds used were tannic acid (polyphenol), quercetin (flavonoid), curcumin (polyphenol), and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). The incorporation of active compounds in nanofibers often improves their bioavailability, giving them increased stability, changing the mechanical properties of polymers, enhancing nanofiber biocompatibility, and offering novel properties for the required field. Although most of the polymers used were synthetic, natural polymers such as silk fibroin, chitosan, cellulose, pullulan, polyhydroxybutyrate, and zein have proven to be proper matrices for this purpose.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

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Černohorský, Petr. "Elektrospřádaná vlákna na bázi PVDF a nylonu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442506.

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Polymer nanofibers used for the construction of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) are new and promising technologies for energy recovery. Thanks to the generation of electrical energy based on mechanical movement (deformation), these fibers can find application in the field of self-powered electronic devices. In this work, three nanofibrous structures of materials were prepared by electrostatic spinning: pure polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), pure polyamide-6 (PA6) and their mixed combination PVDF / PA6. Non-destructive analyzes such as Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, XPS and electron microscopy were used to study the properties of nanofibers. Analyzes confirmed the positive effect of electrostatic spinning of polymers on the support of the formation of highly polar crystalline -phase in PVDF and , -phase in PA6. The structure arrangement of the nanofibrous material and their defects were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the contact angle of the wettability of the liquid on the surface was measured for the materials, and the permittivity was measured to monitor the dielectric properties. The described results make the mixed material PVDF / PA6 very promising for further research in the field of nanogenerators and functional textiles.
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Khan, Saima N. "Electrospinning Polymer Nanofibers-Electrical and Optical Characterization." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1200600595.

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Bshena, Osama E. S. "Synthesis of permanent non-leaching antimicrobial polymer nanofibers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20160.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Antimicrobial fibers are very useful in various fields such as air and water purification, wound dressings and protective bandages, where sterile environments are essential. The nonwoven nanofiber mats or membranes are able to filter out microorganisms and potentially kill several threatening pathogenic bacteria. In this thesis, a variety of styrene-maleimide copolymer derivatives were prepared based on the modification of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride with various primary amine compounds. All prepared copolymer derivatives were electrospun to nanofiber mats using the needle electrospinning technique. For the characterization, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to study the thermal properties of the electrospun fiber mats. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to observe fiber dimensions and morphology. The antibacterial activity of electrospun fiber mats was evaluated against different bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative). The evaluation study utilized different tools to test for antibacterial activity and mode of cell death, including bioluminescent imaging, fluorescence imaging and the viable cell counting method. Excellent antimicrobial activity was obtained against the different strains especially against Staphylococcus aureus. Fiber mats containing tertiary amino groups, phenol or quaternary ammonium groups had the strongest antimicrobial properties.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Antimikrobiese vesels is baie nuttig in verskeie toepassingsgebiede, soos lug- en watersuiwering, wondbedekkings en beskermende verbande, waar ‘n steriele omgewing noodsaaklik is. Die ongeweefde nanovesel matte of membrane is in staat om mikroorganismes te verwyder deur filtrasie, maar kan ook verskeie patogeniese bakterieë doodmaak. In hierdie proefskrif is ‘n verskeidenheid stireen-maleimied kopolimeer afgeleides gesintetiseer, gebaseer op die modifikasie van poli(stireen-ko-maleïne anhidried) met verskeie primêre amien verbindings. Nanovesel matte van al die gesintetiseerde kopolimeer afgeleides is gemaak deur gebruik te maak van die naald-elektrospin tegniek. Die termiese eienskappe van hierdie nanovesel matte is bestudeer deur gebruik te maak van differensiële skandeer kalorimetrie (DSK) en termogravitasie analiese (TGA) as karakteriseringsmetodes. Die vesel dimensies en morfologie is bestudeer deur skandeer elektronmikroskopie as karakteriseringsmetode te gebruik. Die antibakteriële aktiwiteit van die gespinde vesel matte is geëvalueer teen verskillende bakterieë, naamlik Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positief), Escherichia coli en Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negatief). Die evalueringstudie het verskillende instrumente gebruik om vir antibakteriële aktiwiteit en meganisme van seldood te toets, insluitend bioluminiserings beelding, fluoressensie beelding en die lewensvatbare sel tellingsmetode. Uitstekende antimikrobiese aktiwiteit is verkry teen die verskillende rasse, veral teen Staphylococcus aureus. Vesel matte met tersiêre aminogroepe, fenol of kwaternêre ammoniumgroepe het die sterkste antimikrobiese eienskappe gehad.
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Shin, Y. Michael (Young-Moon Michael) 1969. "Formation of polymer nanofibers from electrified fluid jets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8848.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-182).
The formation of polymer nanofibers from fluid jets in· an electric field, also referred to as electrospinning, has been studied. Controlling the fiber properties requires a detailed understanding of how a millimeter-diameter fluid jet emanating from a nozzle is transformed into solid fibers that are four orders of magnitude smaller in diameter. To this end, a fiber spinner operating under a uniform electric field and providing a controlled process environment was designed. In the conventional view of electrospinning, the mechanism leading to small fiber diameters has been attributed to the splaying phenomenon, in which a single jet splits into multiple smaller jets due to radial charge repulsion. Using high-speed photography and an aqueous solution of poly(ethylene oxide) as a model fluid, it was shown that the jet does not splay but instead undergoes a rapid whipping motion. The high whipping frequency created the optical artifact of multiple jets. The whipping jet was best observed in the onset region of the instability. Further downstream, the amplitude of the instability continued to grow, and the jet trajectory became more chaotic. This was verified through photography of the entire jet and close-up observations of representative regions further downstream. Based on these findings, an alternative mechanism for the formation of polymer nanofibers is proposed. It is conjectured that the whipping instability causes stretching and bending of the jet. The large reduction in jet diameter is achieved by increasing the path length over which the fluid jet is accelerated and stretched prior to solidification or deposition on a collector. Whipping induced stretching is conjectured to be the primary mechanism causing the jet diameter reduction. To provide a concise way of displaying the stability of electrified fluid jets as a function of the electric field and the flow rate, operating diagrams were developed. These diagrams delineate regions of different jet behavior, and the stability borders for two transitions have been mapped. The first transition is from dripping to a stable jet; and represents the suppression of the Rayleigh instability. For high conductivity fluids, an additional transition from a stable to a whipping jet can be observed at higher electric fields. The experimental findings are supported by a theoretical analysis of the jet thinning and the onset of the instability. To elucidate the fundamental electrohydrodynamics, glycerol was studied as a model fluid. Based on the experimental observation that whipping occurs on a length scale much larger than the jet radius, an asymptotic approximation of the electrohydrodynamic equations has been developed by Hohman and Brenner. This theory governs both long wavelength axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric distortions of the jet, and allows the jet stability to be evaluated as a function of all relevant fluid and process parameters. Three different instabilities are predicted: the classical Rayleigh instability, an axisymmetric conducting mode, and a non-axisymmetric conducting mode. The presence of these instabilities at various locations along the jet has been verified with high-speed video and photography. The particular instability that is observed depends on the jet shape and the surface charge density. To achieve quantitative agreement between experimental and theoretical jet profiles, the jet current and the local electric field in the vicinity of the nozzle had to be taken into account. The electric currents in stable jets were found to be linear in both the electric field and the flow rate Theoretical operating diagrams were developed based on the experimental insight that the instabilities are convective. The dependence of the stability borders on both the electric field and the flow rate is correctly reproduced by the Hohman-Brenner theory. This implies that operating diagrams have the potential to be used as predictive tools to better understand and control the process. The quantitative agreement between theory and experiments suggests that the fundamental process in electrospinning involves indeed a rapidly whipping jet, which is caused by the interaction of surface charges on the jet and the applied electric field. The notion of a whipping jet has also been extended to low viscosity fluids, where the jet disintegrates into fine droplets, i.e., electrospraying. For sufficiently large jet radii, experiments have verified the theoretical prediction that the dispersal of fluid results from the growth of a non-axisymmetric conducting mode along the jet, which subsequently breaks into droplets due to the axisymmetric conducting mode.
by Y. Michael Shin.
Ph.D.
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Barzegar, Farshad. "Synthesis and characterization of Polymer/Graphene electrospun nanofibers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41188.

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Polymer nanofibers have attracted a lot of industrial interest in the past decade. In general, these fibers need to be thermally stable for many applications, such as in the aerospace industry. However, most of these polymer nanofibers suffer from low temperature degradation, limiting their use in many potential applications. Graphene, which is one sheet of graphite, has unique properties such as high conductivity, and high thermal stability. This exceptional material can be incorporated into the polymer nanofibers as nanofillers in order to enhance their thermal properties. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the effect of adding graphene nanofillers into the polymer fiber on the resulting fibers’ thermal properties. For that purpose, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a non-conductive polymer and a different source of graphene, namely graphene foam, expendable graphite and graphite powder were used. The growth technique was the electrospinning technique which offers a variety of parameters that need to be optimized. For this includes, the amount of PVA in the water solvent, the flow rate, the applied voltage, the growth time, and the tip/collector distance. In summary, it has been optimized that the best conditions for growth of fibers will be as follows: PVA concentration will be fixed at 10 wt%, flow rate will be 3 ml/h, applied voltage will be 30 kV, growth time of 60 s and tip/collector distance will be fixed at 12 cm. The resulted PVA fibers from these conditions were smooth continuous and hollow with diameter ranging between 190-340 nm, while PVA/graphene nano-fibers are much thinner with diameter ranging between 132 - 235 nm when the same parameters were used with only graphene concentration varied. The fiber obtained with PVA showed a hollow structure which is desirable for incorporation of graphene nanofillers. The dispersion of the different source of graphene sheets in the starting PVA solution showed enhanced thermal stability compared to the PVA fibers alone. Furthermore, an increase in the thermal stability is observed with increasing concentration of graphene nanofillers. This work shows the promising use of graphene as nanofillers for PVA fibers. This can be expended to other non-conductive and conductive polymers in order to broaden the application of these fibers in the industries, where thermal stability is a prerequisite.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Physics
unrestricted
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Kakade, Meghana Vasant. "Uniaxial orientation of polymer molecules via electrospinning." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 53 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338927121&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Qi, Zhigang. "Synthesis of conducting polymer colloids, hollow nanoparticles, and nanofibers." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40229.

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Colloidal polypyrrole and polyaniline stabilized by anionic surfactants were prepared and characterized. A "pseudo-micelle" model has been proposed. The aggregation of pseudo-micelles on the forming polymer chains is believed to be the key step in the stabilization process. Only when the aggregation is possible and fast enough to follow the polymer formation, will the polymer be stabilized.
Colloidal polypyrrole and polyaniline were prepared in the presence of the sodium salt of poly(styrene sulfonate). The polymerization is believed to follow a template-guided fashion in which poly(styrene sulfonate) functions as a molecular template for pyrrole and aniline polymerization. The stability and water solubility of the colloids are attributed to the presence of excess poly(styrene sulfonate) sulfonate groups in the resulting complexes.
It was found that the chemical polymerization of pyrrole is catalyzed by anionic surfactants and polyelectrolytes. The catalysis is believed to arise from the accumulation of protons, neutral pyrrole monomer and oligomers, and their radical cations in the micellar or polyelectrolyte pseudophase via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Nucleation was found to be a necessary and important step in the chemical polymerization of conducting polyaniline and polypyrole. A nucleation process has been proposed. A polyaniline-polypyrrole graft- or block-copolymer was produced by adding colloidal PANI to a similar amount of pyrrole.
Hollow conducting polypyrrole nanoparticles with diameters of ca. 140 nm or 60 nm and wall thicknesses of ca. 10 nm were fabricated. The shape and size of the hollow particles are determined by the core particles and the wall thickness is controlled by reaction conditions. A $ gamma$-Fe$ rm sb2O sb3$-polypyrrole composite possessing both magnetic and electrically conductive properties was also produced.
Polypyrrole and polyaniline nanofibers with highly uniform diameters between 10 and 50 nm were fabricated via the templating by lipid microstructures. The hydrophobic edges of the lipid microstructures function as the template. The polymer thickness is readily controlled by the polymerization time. Well-defined conducting polymer nano-rings were also produced.
Finally, the sensitivity enhancement of the electroanalysis of halides through the accumulation of trihalides in an overoxidized polypyrrole film was presented. This reveals a new method of using polymer-modified electrodes in electroanalysis, and we term the accumulation of a reaction product "product concentration".
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Li, Pengfei. "Mechanical and Thermal Characterizations of Crystalline Polymer Micro/nanofibers." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/596.

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For crystalline polymers, especially those in micro/nanoscale, the number of defects per unit volume is significantly lower than that in the bulk. With extended and aligned polymer chains, the resulting polymer fibers possess remarkably enhanced mechanical and thermal properties and approach the inherent properties of the carbon backbones which form the polymer chains. Together with other unique properties of polymers, such as, low density, easy processability, good biocompatibility, and electrical insulation, the crystalline fibers in micro/nano scale can be used in a broad range of applications, for example, heat spreaders in electronics, high strength ropes, and personnel armors. This dissertation studies various schemes of polymer crystallization, especially the stress induced crystallization in fiber drawing process. In this work, a two-stage drawing method is finally adopted to produce individual polyethylene (PE) nanofibers. To demonstrate the PE nanofibers possess more enhanced mechanical properties than the commercially available PE nanofibers, an atomic force microscopy (AFM) based force deflection spectroscopy (FDS) technique is explored to characterize the Young's modulus of the PE nanofibers. By attaching a PE nanofiber onto a specially designed micro trench, and deflecting the nanofiber with an AFM cantilever, we are able to deduce the Young's modulus from the geometry of the trench and the level of deflection on the nanofiber based on Bernoulli's beam equations. The experimentally proved Young's modulus of these nanofibers is 312GPa approaching the theoretical limit of the Young's modulus of PE single crystal. To study thermal properties of a polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) hybrid crystal, we apply a micro device based thermal characterization method. The micro device consists of two suspended SiNx membranes with built-on Pt coils; the two membranes serve as heater and thermometer during the measurements. The PSQ micro beam is placed between the two membranes. Due to the Joule heating on the heating membrane, heat transfers through the sample to the sensing membrane. By analyzing the steady state heat transfer model, we are able to calculate the thermal conductivity of the PSQ beam. The experimentally measured thermal conductivities greatly help us to understand the heat transfer mechanism in the PSQ hybrid crystal which is formed by hydrogen bonding in the longitudinal direction. With the same characterization method as used in PSQ thermal characterization, we also measure the thermal conductivity of PE nanofibers. We discover the thermal contact resistance between the nanofiber and the islands is comparable or even bigger than the intrinsic thermal resistance of the PE nanofibers with an assumed thermal conductivity of 20W/mK at room temperature. Cyanoacrylate based super glue and focus ion beam (FIB) assisted Pt deposition are attempted to reduce the thermal contact resistance, however, as demonstrated by the experiments, super glue is likely to lift the nanofiber above the islands which dramatically increases the thermal resistance. While the FIB assisted Pt deposition introduces great crystal damage on the PE fibers, which results in very low measured thermal conductivities (<1W/mK).
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Lin, Yinan. "Electrospinning Polymer Fibers for Design and Fabrication of New Materials." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1310997689.

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Calavalle, Francesco. "Electrospun polymer nanofibers for electromechanical transduction investigated by scanning probe microscopy." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13504/.

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Negli ultimi anni, il copolimero ferroelettrico P(VDF-TrFE), ha suscitato un grande interesse nella ricerca scientifica per le potenziali applicazioni elettroniche come ad esempio l’energy harvesting per la produzione di dispositivi indossabili e autoalimentabili, sensori biocompatibili e memorie non volatili. Molti sforzi si sono concentrati nello sviluppo di procedure di fabbricazione che possano migliorare le performance elettromeccaniche di questi materiali. Una delle soluzioni proposte è un processo chiamato elettrofilatura, una tecnica efficiente e a basso costo che sarebbe in grado di realizzare nanofibre polimeriche già polarizzate e pronte per l’integrazione nei dispositivi. Dalle analisi microscopiche svolte in questa tesi, utilizzando tecniche di microscopia a scansione di sonda, è stato scoperto che in realtà l’elettrofilatura non provoca polarizzazione nelle fibre, bensì induce un processo di iniezione di cariche all’interno del materiale che, se testato a livello macroscopico, mostra un’apparente risposta ferroelettrica dovuta però alle cariche intrappolate, come in un elettrete. Nonostante ciò, dopo la dissipazione delle cariche spaziali, ho potuto dimostrare, grazie al’implementazione della Switching Spectroscopy PFM ad alto potenziale, che le nanofibre elettrofilate possono essere polarizzate e mostrano proprietà piezoelettriche simili a quelle del film sottile. Quindi, inducendo la completa polarizzazione del network dopo la deposizione, è auspicabile un miglioramento delle proprietà elettromeccaniche dei dispositivi basati su nano-fibre elettrofilate.
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Books on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

1

Andrady, A. L. Science and technology of polymer nanofibers. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience, 2008.

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Nanotechnology and polymer-based nanostructures. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Shantikumar, Nair, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Biomedical Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Okamura, S., ed. Recent Trends in Radiation Polymer Chemistry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0018045.

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(1983), Turner Alfrey Symposium. Milestones and trends in polymer science: A tribute to Turner Alfrey. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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editor, Fomina Lioudmila, ed. New trends in polymer chemistry and characterization: Symposium held August 11-15, 2013, Cancún, Mexico. Warrendale, Pa: Materials Research Society, 2014.

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Conference on Recent Trends in Polymer Science & Technology (2005 Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology. Dept. of Chemical Engineering). Proceedings of the Conference on Recent Trends in Polymer Science & Technology, 6-7th May, 2005. Patiala: Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2005.

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Turner Alfrey Symposium (1983 Midland, Mich.). Turner Alfrey Symposium: Milestones and trends in polymer science and technology : a tribute to Turner Alfrey. Edited by Alfrey Turner, Miller Robert L, Boyer Raymond F, Rieke James K, Dow Chemical Companpy, and Michigan Molecular Institute. New York, N.Y: Wiley, 1985.

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Turner, Alfrey Symposium (1983 Midland Mich ). Turner Alfrey Symposium: Milestones and trends in polymer science and technology : a tribute to Turner Alfrey. New York, N.Y: Wiley, 1985.

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US-Mexico Symposium on Advances in Polymer Science (1st 2008 Los Cabos, Baja California Sur, Mexico). New trends in polymer science: Selected contributions from the conference in Los Cabos (Mexico), December 7-10, 2008. Edited by Matyjaszewski K. (Krzysztof), Mexican Polymer Society, and American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

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Cheng, Yuanfang, Xiaoxiao Ma, Weiting Huang, and Yu Chen. "Functionalized Natural Polymer-Based Electrospun Nanofiber." In Electrospun Nanofibers, 285–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79979-3_11.

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Molnár, K., and L. M. Vas. "Electrospun Composite Nanofibers and Polymer Composites." In Synthetic Polymer-Polymer Composites, 301–49. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905258.010.

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Nada, Ahmed Ali. "Polymer Nanofibrous and Their Application for Batteries." In Electrospun Nanofibers, 147–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79979-3_6.

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Kondawar, Subhash B., Chaitali N. Pangul, and Mahelaqua A. Haque. "Polymer Nanofibers via Electrospinning for Flexible Devices." In Electrospun Nanofibers, 53–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79979-3_3.

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Dai, Liming, and Darrell H. Reneker. "Polymer Nanowires and Nanofibers." In Nanowires and Nanobelts, 269–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-28747-8_15.

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Mankotia, Priyanka, Kashma Sharma, Vishal Sharma, Rakesh Sehgal, and Vijay Kumar. "Polymer and Ceramic-Based Hollow Nanofibers via Electrospinning." In Electrospun Nanofibers, 223–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79979-3_9.

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Zahmatkeshan, Masoumeh, Moein Adel, Sajad Bahrami, Fariba Esmaeili, Seyed Mahdi Rezayat, Yousef Saeedi, Bita Mehravi, Seyed Behnamedin Jameie, and Khadijeh Ashtari. "Polymer-Based Nanofibers: Preparation, Fabrication, and Applications." In Handbook of Nanofibers, 215–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53655-2_29.

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Zahmatkeshan, Masoumeh, Moein Adel, Sajad Bahrami, Fariba Esmaeili, Seyed Mahdi Rezayat, Yousef Saeedi, Bita Mehravi, Seyed Behnamedin Jameie, and Khadijeh Ashtari. "Polymer Based Nanofibers: Preparation, Fabrication, and Applications." In Handbook of Nanofibers, 1–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42789-8_29-2.

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Murali, Vishnu Priya, and Priyadarshan Sundararaju. "Chitosan Nanofibers in Regenerative Medicine." In Advances in Polymer Science, 29–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2021_91.

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Bandla, Sudheer, Robert P. Winarski, and Jay C. Hanan. "Nanotomography of Polymer Nanocomposite Nanofibers." In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, 193–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4235-6_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

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Solares, Santiago D., Jonathan Chang, Joonil Seog, and Adam U. Kareem. "Utilization of Simple Scaling Laws for Modulating Tip-Sample Interaction Forces in Aqueous Environment AFM Characterization: Application to the Self-Assembly of Protein Polymers." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47199.

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We have recently reported on experimental observations of silk-elastin-like protein polymers (SELPs) that self-assembled into 1-dimensional nanofibers on mica surfaces upon application of a mechanical stimulus with atomic force microscopy (AFM) in water. SELPs are genetically engineered block co-polymers made of silk-like blocks (Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ser) from Bombyx mori (silkworm) and elastin-like blocks (Gly-Val-Gly-Val-Pro) from mammalian elastin. The experiment consisted of adsorbing the protein polymer onto a freshly cleaved mica surface, followed by AFM characterization under different sets of imaging parameters, each of which led to different nanofiber coverage rates. In order to gain further understanding of the factors governing the self-assembly process, we utilized multimodal AFM simulation to formulate and guide the implementation of a suitable force modulation strategy, which allowed us to observe trends of the surface coverage rate as a function of the applied peak forces. The simulations suggest that a nearly linear control of the peak tapping forces can be achieved by following simple scaling laws based on the harmonic oscillator model.
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Meng, Chao, and Limin Tong. "Graphene-doped Polymer Optical Nanofibers." In CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2013.qth1b.6.

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Kim, Bongsu, and Yi Zhao. "Programmable Micropatterning of Polymer Nanofibers." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40614.

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This paper reports programmable micropatterning of electrospun nanofibrous materials using a collector chip that consists of an array of independently controllable microelectrodes. The microelectrodes on the collecting chip are prepared by standard photolithography. By programming the local electrical field using excited and floating electrodes, the collector chip allows patterning of microstructures with controllable characteristics. The difference of electrostatic force between the excited and the floating electrodes increases the patterning contrast of electrospun nanofibers. The arbitrary geometries are successfully patterned on the array of 6 × 6 electrodes by independently programmable control of the voltage of each electrode. The experimental result also shows that it is possible to control the porosity and alignment of fibers. This method provides a simple yet highly reliable approach for creating combined micro/nanostructures of polymer nanofibers in a cost effective manner, which has great potential in functional tissue engineering, filtration, and chemical sensing. The work is also expected to foster the use of nanofibers in microdevices for on-chip biochemical analysis, and controlled infiltration and proliferation. The resulting nanofibers with controllable porosity are especially useful for the construction of tissue engineering scaffolds with morphological and functional similarity with natural tissues.
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Lintao Cai, Alexey Kovalev, and Theresa S. Mayer. "Conducting polymer nanofibers for gas sensor." In 2008 International Conference on Technology and Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itab.2008.4570534.

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Ruiz, A., E. Vega, R. Katiyar, and R. Valentin. "Functionalized nanowires from electrospun polymer nanofibers." In Microtechnologies for the New Millennium, edited by Fernando Briones. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.721757.

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Qiu, Weiguo, Arjun Stokes, Joseph Cappello, and Xiaoyi Wu. "Electrospinning of Recombinant Protein Polymer Nanofibers." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206352.

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Structural proteins often in the form of micro and nanofibers, constituting most of intra- and extracellular matrix (ECM), are the fundamental building blocks of life [1]. Recent efforts to replace diseased or damaged tissues and organs have resulted in the molecular design and genetic engineering of recombinant proteins, and the advent of new technology for fabricating structural proteins into micro-/nanofibrous scaffolds, hoping to resemble some or all the characteristics of ECM structure and function. The fabrication of such an ECM mimic may be an important step in engineering a functional tissue. To this end, we have produced a series of silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs) [2]. Revealed by our subsequent studies, SELPs in the form of hydrogels, thin films, and microfibers, have displayed a set of outstanding biological and physical properties. In this study, electrospinning will be pursued as a mechanism for the formation of SELP nanofibers.
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El-Ashry, Mostafa M., Kareem M. Gouda, and Henry Daniel Young. "Production of Polymer Nanofibers by Wet Spinning." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47030.

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Polymer nanofibers are attractive in many engineering and medical applications because of its distinctive mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties typically evident in nanomaterials. Some applications are liquid & particle filters, composites, surgical masks, sensors. We propose a fibre fabrication method that can produce continuous polymer nanofibres with submicron cross-section. This technique can spin fibres from precursor rheologies that would be considered “unspinnable” by any other current method. As such, this technique may allow the fabrication of novel fibre structures, assist in the fabrication of nanofibers from new materials, and allow the use of novel chemical routes in fibre spinning.
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Shi, Qiang, Shing-Chung Wong, Kai-Tak Wan, Todd A. Blackledge, and John Najem. "Dry Adhesion Based on Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37226.

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Dry Adhesion exists between polymer nano/microfibers. An elaborate experiment was performed to directly measure the adhesion between electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibers using a nano force tensile tester. Electrospun nano/microfibers with radius ranging from 0.2 to 1.1 μm were investigated. It was found that the adhesion force depended on the fiber radius following a linear relationship, which complied with the classical Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) contact mechanics model. The force increased with temperature and decreased with relative humidity between two fibers positioned in orthogonal directions. Our data suggested the van der Waals’ (vdW) interactions are primarily operative between the micro-/nano-fibers.
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Ishii, Yuya, Ryohei Kaminose, and Mitsuo Fukuda. "Waveguiding properties of individual electrospun polymer nanofibers." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Manfred Eich, Jean-Michel Nunzi, and Rachel Jakubiak. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2022813.

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Ma, Jian, Qian Zhang, Anthony Mayo, Richard Mu, Leon Bellan, and Deyu Li. "Thermal Conductivity of Individual Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50483.

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In this work, the thermal conductivity of individual polyethylene (PE) nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning was experimental measured. Our results show that polyethylene nanofibers can have a thermal conductivity up to 2.6 Wm−1K−1, (more than 9 times higher than the bulk PE value) and that the thermal conductivity is strongly correlated with the electric field intensity used in electrospinning. This, combined with micro-Raman characterization of individual nanofibers, suggests that the enhanced thermal conductivity is due to the high degree of orientation of the polymer chains. The stronger elongational forces experienced by the jet at higher electrospinning voltage result in the formation of nanofibers with a higher degree of molecular orientation. Similar thermal conductivity enhancement is also observed with other polymer nanofibers including polyethylene oxide (PEO), Nylon-6, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Collectively, our results indicate that electrospinning could be an effective approach to produce polymer nanofibers with enhanced thermal conductivity.
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Reports on the topic "Trends of polymer nanofibers"

1

Pintauro, Peter. High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes from Electrospun Nanoparticle/Conducting Polymer Nanofibers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1603318.

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