Relevant bibliographies by topics / Treaty Ports

Academic literature on the topic 'Treaty Ports'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Treaty Ports"

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Zanasi, Margherita. "Far from the Treaty Ports." Modern China 30, no. 1 (January 2004): 113–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0097700403259111.

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Eichleter, Andreas. "The Outside Perspective – The Treaty Port Press, the Meiji Restoration and the Image of a Modern Japan." Mutual Images Journal, no. 6 (June 20, 2019): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32926/2018.6.eic.outsi.

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The Treaty Ports established by the Unequal Treaties in the middle of the 19th century were crucial spaces of interaction between Japan and the West. For a long time, they were the only places were foreigners were allowed to permanently reside in Japan. While the interior of the nation might be visited by Western travelers and globetrotters, the primary contacts, commercial as well as social and cultural, took place in the environment of the Treaty Ports, where the vast majority of foreigners resided and visited. Because of this exclusive role, the ports played a critical venue for the creation and formation of images of Japan, as well as their transmission abroad. This article focuses at the image of Japan generated in these Treaty Ports in the immediate aftermath of the Meiji Restoration. It will look at how the restoration and subsequent Japanese policies of modernization were perceived by the foreign communities in East Asia and how it was presented in the foreign language press in the Treaty Ports. This will be undertaken by the study of two of the most important foreign language newspapers of East Asia at the time, the North China Herald, published in Shanghai from 1850 to 1951, and the Japan Weekly Mail, published in Yokohama from 1870 to 1917. Both were amongst the largest and most influential newspapers in their respective communities, but also further abroad, and their pages reflect the understanding these communities had of Japan at the time. Furthermore, their comparison enables us to look at the creation of images, within the wider Treaty Port network of East Asia, and analyze how it differed or remained similar across the China Sea.
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Sewell, Bill. "East Asian Treaty Ports as Zones of Encounter." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 6 (July 5, 2019): 1315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144219859256.

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Jia, Ruixue. "The Legacies of Forced Freedom: China's Treaty Ports." Review of Economics and Statistics 96, no. 4 (October 2014): 596–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00458.

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Cooper, Michael, Hugh Cortazzi, and Toshio Yokoyama. "Victorians in Japan: In and Around the Treaty Ports." Monumenta Nipponica 43, no. 1 (1988): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2384524.

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Bracken, Gregory. "Treaty Ports in China: Their Genesis, Development, and Influence." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218816548.

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Dickinson, Frederick, Barbara J. Brooks, and Stewart Lone. "Japan's Imperial Diplomacy: Consuls, Treaty Ports, and War in China." Journal of Japanese Studies 28, no. 2 (2002): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4126819.

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BICKERS, ROBERT. "Purloined letters: History and the Chinese Maritime Customs Service." Modern Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (July 2006): 691–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002083.

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For John King Fairbank the establishment of the foreign inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a key symbolic moment in modern Chinese history. His landmark 1953 volume Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast culminates with the 1854 Inspectorate agreement, which, he argued, ‘foreshadowed the eventual compromise between China and the West—a joint Chinese and Western administration of the modern centers of Chinese life and trade in the treaty ports’. Without the CMCS, he implied, there could be no modern China. It was the ‘the institution most thoroughly representative of the whole period’ after the opening of the treaty ports down to 1943, he wrote. By 1986 he was arguing that it was the ‘central core’ of the system. ‘Modernity, however defined, was a Western, not a Chinese, invention’, he claimed, and Sir Robert Hart's Customs Service was its mediator.
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Notehelfer, F. G., and J. E. Hoare. "Japan's Treaty Ports and Foreign Settlements: The Uninvited Guests, 1858-1899." Monumenta Nipponica 50, no. 3 (1995): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2385558.

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Burks, Ardath W., and J. E. Hoare. "Japan's Treaty Ports and Foreign Settlements: The Uninvited Guests 1858-1899." Journal of Japanese Studies 22, no. 2 (1996): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132987.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Treaty Ports"

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Crawford, Alan. "Imperial Russia and the Chinese treaty ports, 1890s-1917." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650106.

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Between 1896 and 1917 the Russian Empire controlled two small territories, known as concessions, in the Chinese treaty ports of Hankou and Tianjin. Imperialism in the treaty ports was a multinational phenomenon: the Russian concessions existed alongside those of several other empires, simultaneously competing and cooperating as they sought to further their own political and economic aims while maintaining a united front against their unwilling hosts. This thesis explores the origins and development of these little-known outposts of Russian empire, positing that they cannot be understood without reference to contemporary debates about the nature of Russia and its ambiguous intellectual relationship with Europe. Drawing on diplomatic correspondence, administrative records of the concessions and a range of contemporary Russian writing about the treaty ports, the thesis argues that abstract concepts of identity shaped day-to-day policymaking in the concessions by means of a process of constant comparison between Russia and other empires .
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Fairchild, Sabrina. "Fuzhou and global empires : understanding the treaty ports of modern China, 1850-1937." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702172.

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Between 1850 and 1937, Fuzhou was a dynamic centre of international exchange, profoundly shaped by global and imperial circulations of people, goods and ideas. What made these circulations possible was the city's status as a treaty port. This was a site of unequal Sino-foreign power relations where a predominantly British and American community used their legal privileges to establish a bridgehead in China and then built it into a sophisticated conduit for commercial and cultural change. In 1850, Fuzhou was one of five treaty ports in China. By 1917 there were 92 such sites. This thesis provides the first in-depth study of treaty port Fuzhou revealing its main structural, spatial and social characteristics, as well as how its communities and institutions changed over time. It argues that the treaty port was above all a gateway for global empires, a point of access for new practices and knowledge into China, but also for the distribution of Chinese commodities abroad. This thesis enriches our understanding of the treaty ports, and in the process, broadens our understanding of colonialism in China. In particular, it reveals the wide repertoire of colonial practices that brought different empires to China and enabled them to stay. This thesis therefore pushes forward our comprehension of the multiple and particular manifestations of imperial expansion in China, and elsewhere in the world.
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Swanson, Darren Lee. "Treaty Port Society and the Club in Meiji Japan: Clubbism, Athleticism and the Public Sphere." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16921.

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During the early years of extraterritoriality various foreign clubs and fraternal institutions emerged in Yokohama, and later in Kobe. These institutions variously contributed to the definition, creation and promotion of what may be termed as a civil society, or more specifically what Habermas has referred to as the ‘public sphere’. Despite the absence of any single colonial power controlling the administration of the settlements, the fraternal institutions run by a network of transoceanic Euro-American bourgeois came together to fill the gap normally occupied by a military or overseas civil service. Long term residents of these ports operated under what can be construed as local sovereignty, foreign extraterritoriality, and facilitated a tradition of laissez-faire capitalism in the region that had significant consequences on Japan’s cultural and economic development as a whole. During the extraterritorial era, club life became the main cultural activity through which the expatriate community expressed itself, and in turn, dictated the de facto homosocial rules of conduct between the predominantly white male population of the treaty port in the years of extraterritoriality and beyond. Gentleman’s clubs and sporting rituals were woven into the fabric of the community on multiple social and economic levels, which helped to recreate familiar European class hierarchies and racial boundaries. Closely aligned with the vernacular press, these institutions pertained to promote international cooperation, egalitarianism and community altruism by simultaneously bolstering an increasingly isolated bourgeois foreign population which actively sought to separate itself from the wider Japanese community. Additionally, it was via the club, that the leaders of the community expressed their identity and status in what would become the ‘treaty port public sphere’ in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Drawing on archival sources, the English-language press, the Harold S. Williams Collection from the Australian National Library in Canberra, and a number of contemporary accounts from foreign residents, this research will attempt to highlight the key factors in the socio-cultural development of the settlement, such as the emergence of a European club culture and what role it had in the shaping future relationships between the settler population and their Japanese hosts.
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周子峰. "近代通商口岸硏究 : 以廈門城市發展為個案之考察 (1900-1937) = Treaty ports in modern China : Xiamen's urban development as a case study (1900-1937)." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2003. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/480.

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Gilfillan, Scott. "Enclave empires : Britain, France and the treaty-port system in Japan, 1858-1868." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3606/.

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This thesis will present a comparative and internationally contextualised history of Anglo-French relations in Japan between 1858 and 1868. It will introduce the concept of ‘enclave empires’ to describe the conduits for Western informal imperialism that were created in Japan by the imposition of the treaty-port system in 1858. It will aim to address longstanding gaps in the historiography by assessing that system as a multinational construct that depended upon the cooperation and collaboration of each treaty power operating within it. At the same time, it will show how the management of the Japanese treaty-port system was increasingly dominated by the British Empire and the French Second Empire, the two most powerful Western trading nations in Japan during the 1860s. It will examine how global contexts impacted upon British and French foreign policymaking during this period, and how this catalysed an increasingly bitter AngloFrench struggle for control over the ‘enclave empires’ in Japan. It will also seek to broaden the scope of the historiography beyond the sphere of diplomatic relations by considering the perspectives of prominent non-diplomatic British and French actors whenever relevant. Finally, it will address significant historiographical oversights in the use of relevant primary source material through the critical appraisal of contemporary private paper collections. By adopting this four-pronged methodological approach, this thesis will demonstrate that Anglo-French relations fundamentally defined the process of creating and developing informal ‘enclave empires’ in Japan in the decade between the conclusion of the ‘unequal treaties’ in 1858 and the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
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Matthews, James J. "The Union Jack on the Upper Yangzi the treaty port of Chongqing, 1891-1943 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ56244.pdf.

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Thompson, Alex. "The British state at the margins of empire : extraterritoriality and governance in treaty port China, 1842-1927." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/efe2ab28-b3d1-4f89-8ed8-e7cbcd4b553b.

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Existing studies of British expansion in China have often limited their exploration of the role of the state mostly to diplomatic and military actions. This thesis provides the first comprehensive account and assessment of another important aspect of this expansion: the British state’s role in implementing a project of governance over British subjects at the treaty ports. The fact of extraterritoriality – the principle that the nationals of foreign powers were subject to their own government’s law rather than that of the state within the boundaries of which they were situated – is well known. But consular jurisdiction, the implementation in practice of the principle of extraterritoriality, has not been the subject of much research. This thesis describes the British state institutions and practices which were created to implement consular jurisdiction in China. It shows the factors that prompted and shaped the institutions and practices as they developed at the treaty ports, paying particular reference to the role played by the need to manage marginal British subjects, viewed as problem populations, in that process. It then demonstrates how the state’s response to such groups shaped the development of the treaty ports, especially Shanghai, both by means of the formation of connections within the treaty ports and beyond, and also in the way that the state’s actions had clear repercussions which shaped the nature of the treaty ports as distinctively colonial spaces. Previous studies of foreign involvement in the treaty ports, often working with the concept of informal empire, have overlooked the role of the British state in the development of colonialism in treaty port China, beyond diplomatic and military interventions. The thesis questions such approaches and suggests that it is essential to understand the role of the British state in any assessment of the nature and effects of colonialism in China.
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Schmid, Heidi. "" Aromatase and the Pharmacogenomic Profile - Influence of CYP19A1 polymorphisms in the response of breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors"." Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57191.

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Schmid, Heidi. "" Aromatase and the Pharmacogenomic Profile - Influence of CYP19A1 polymorphisms in the response of breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors"." Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57191.

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BAIONI, PAOLA. "La nascita della poesia ermetica nelle riviste degli anni Trenta." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/186.

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Muovendo da una vasta ricognizione sulle riviste letterarie degli anni Trenta, la ricerca si è concentrata sui principali periodici a cui hanno collaborato poeti e critici ermetici: Interessanti si sono rivelati i rapporti epistolari tra i poeti e i direttori e redattori delle riviste: nella tesi sono state riportate le lettere più significative, con privilegio per quelle inedite. Sono stati riportati diversi documenti di natura critico-teorica, alcuni testi poetici rari di Mario Luzi (mai confluiti in una silloge e mai riproposti da alcuno studioso) e sono state antologizzate (con trascrizione dei testi e apparato in calce) le liriche di alcuni poeti che presentano varianti rispetto all'ultima edizione in volume: si tratta di versi di Mario Luzi, Umberto Saba, Carlo Betocchi, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Salvatore Quasimodo, Alessandro Parronchi. Almeno un terzo della tesi è dedicato a questo.
Starting from a wide investigation in the literary reviews in the '30s, the research has focused on the major magazines, for which hermetic poets and critics worked. The correspondence between poets and editors in chief and members of the editorial staff has proved extremely interesting; the most meaningful letters, especially the unpublished ones, are presented in the thesis. Many critic-theoretic documents and some rare poetries by Mario Luzi (never collected nor published by critics) are also reproduced. Moreover lyrics by various poets, such as Mario Luzi, Umberto Saba, Carlo Betocchi, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Salvatore Quasimodo, Alessandro Parronchi, have been anthologised (with text transcription and apparatus criticus below); all of them present some changes in text compared to the final version, printed in volume. This analysis represents, at least, the third part of the thesis.
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Books on the topic "Treaty Ports"

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Kruger, Stanley J. Postal Stationery of Shanghai and Treaty Ports. Bettendorf, Iowa: The China Stamp Society, 1999.

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Council, Lummi Indian Business. Treaty of 1855. [Bellingham, WA: Lummi Indian Business Council, 1985.

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Victorians in Japan: In and around the Treaty Ports. London: Athlone, 1987.

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The China coast: Trade and the first treaty ports. Hong Kong: Joint Pub., 2010.

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Hugh, Cortazzi. Victorians in Japan: In and around the treaty ports. London: Athlone Press, 1987.

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Johnston, Tess. The last colonies: Western architecture in China's southern treaty ports. Hong Kong: Old China Hand Press, 1997.

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Honjo, Yuki Allyson. Japan's early experience of contract management in the treaty ports. London: Japan Library, 2002.

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E, Hoare J. Japan's treaty ports and foreign settlements: The uninvited guests, 1858-1899. Sandgate, Folkestone, Kent: Japan Library, 1994.

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Japan's treaty ports and foreign settlements: The uninvited guests, 1858-1899. Folkestone, Kent: Japan Library, 1994.

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Japan's imperial diplomacy: Consuls, treaty ports, and war in China, 1895-1938 / Barbara J. Brooks. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Treaty Ports"

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Jackson, Isabella. "Who ran the treaty ports?" In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 43–60. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-3.

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Reinhardt, Anne. "Treaty ports as shipping infrastructure." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 101–20. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-6.

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Kent, Stacie. "Problems of circulation in the treaty port system." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 78–100. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-5.

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Ye, Shirley. "River conservancy and state building in treaty port China." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 121–38. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-7.

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Bickers, Robert, and Isabella Jackson. "Introduction." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 1–22. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-1.

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Manias, Chris. "From Terra incognita to Garden of Eden." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 201–19. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-11.

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Betta, Chiara. "The land system of the Shanghai International Settlement." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 61–77. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-4.

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Cassel, Pär. "Extraterritoriality in China." In Treaty Ports in Modern China, 23–42. London: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315636856-2.

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Jackson, Isabella. "Habitability in the Treaty Ports: Shanghai and Tianjin." In The Habitable City in China, 169–91. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55471-0_8.

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Hoare, J. E. "Memories of Times Past: The Legacy of Japan’s Treaty Ports." In Life in Treaty Port China and Japan, 271–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7368-7_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Treaty Ports"

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Mohr, John, William Stelle, and Michael Wray. "Port of Everett Rail / Barge Transfer Facility: Permitting in Tribal Treaty Right Areas, Lessons Learned." In 11th Triennial International Conference on Ports. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40834(238)36.

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Burak, Nurhilal. "Genoese Traces in the Black Sea Coast of Turkey’s Forts." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11524.

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The Black Sea is an interior sea and located between Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia and Turkey. The Black Sea flows through the Bosporus and reaches the Marmara Sea. Strong winds and stream has seen in the Black Sea in most of times in a year. Because of that natural bays were preferred while the ports and settlements were established. Republic of Genoa has started to plan the trade routes that will be carried out on the Black Sea coast since the Treaty of Nymphaeum signed in 1261. The settlements of the Genoese colonies along the Black Sea coast were not simultaneous. From 1266 onwards, there had been a growth of about 200 years. They intervened in some of the defense structures in these ports. They have placed their own coat of arms on the walls of the defensive structures they had built or repaired. The information is obtained about the colonies in these ports from the trade records which kept by Genoese (Massaria di Caffa, Massaria di Pera), the maritime maps (portolans) produced in those centuries and the medieval historians. The scope of this paper is to be examined that between Bulgaria and Georgia borders the Black Sea port of Turkey’s remaining strongholds which Genoese used for trade. Historical documents and maps will be used as well. In the light of these methods, the ports used by the Republic of Genoa on the shores of the Black Sea, established colonies and construction activities in the thirteenth - fifteenth centuries will be examined.
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Schottle, Rolf, and Katherine Prickett. "Ex Situ Loss Rates from ACZA Treated and Wrapped Piles." In 12th Triannual International Conference on Ports. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41098(368)33.

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Braeckeveldt, Marnix, Peter De Preter, Jan Michiels, Ste´phane Pepin, Manfred Schrauben, and An Wertelaers. "The Belgian Approach and Status on the Radiological Surveillance of Radioactive Substances in Metal Scrap and Non-Radioactive Waste and the Financing of Orphan Sources." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7096.

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Numerous facilities in the non-nuclear sector in Belgium (e.g. in the non-radioactive waste processing and management sector and in the metal recycling sector) have been equipped with measuring ports for detecting radioactive substances. These measuring ports prevent radioactive sources or radioactive contamination from ending up in the material fluxes treated by the sectors concerned. They thus play an important part in the protection of the workers and the people living in the neighbourhood of the facilities, as well as in the protection of the population and the environment in general. In 2006, Belgium’s federal nuclear control agency (FANC/AFCN) drew up guidelines for the operators of non-nuclear facilities with a measuring port for detecting radioactive substances. These guidelines describe the steps to be followed by the operators when the port’s alarm goes off. Following the publication of the European guideline 2003/122/Euratom of 22 December 2003 on the control of high-activity sealed radioactive sources and orphan sources, a procedure has been drawn up by FANC/AFCN and ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian National Agency for Radioactive Waste and Enriched Fissile Materials, to identify the responsible to cover the costs relating to the further management of detected sealed sources and if not found to declare the sealed source as an orphan source. In this latter case and from mid-2006 the insolvency fund managed by ONDRAF/NIRAS covers the cost of radioactive waste management. At the request of the Belgian government, a financing proposal for the management of unsealed orphan sources as radioactive waste was also established by FANC/AFCN and ONDRAF/NIRAS. This proposal applies the same approach as for sealed sources and thus the financing of unsealed orphan sources will also be covered by the insolvency fund.
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Ekberg, J., U. Klement, S. Creci, and L. Nordstierna. "Porosity Measurements on Heat Treated Suspension Plasma Sprayed YSZ Coatings Using NMR Cryoporometry." In ITSC2017, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0308.

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Abstract Suspension plasma sprayed (SPS) coatings can be produced with fine powder particles and tailor-made porosity. This allows to achieve low thermal conductivity which makes the coatings attractive as e.g. topcoats in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Used in gas turbine applications, the TBCs are exposed to high temperatures which leads to alterations of the microstructure. To obtain coatings with optimized properties, possible microstructure alterations like closing of pores and opening of cracks have to be taken into account. Hence, in this study, TBC topcoats consisting of 8 wt.% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were heat treated in air at 1150°C and thereafter investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cryoporometry. For all investigated samples, the porosity decreased as a result of the heat treatment. The finer pores and cracks disappeared and the larger pores grew slightly and achieved a more distinct shape as the material seemed to become more compact.
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Kosugi, Yutaro, Tomoaki Iwai, Yutaka Shokaku, and Naoya Amino. "Friction Characteristics of Porous Rubber Under Wet Conditions." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15234.

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In recent years, porous rubber has been used as a tread matrix for studless tires. It is said that the pores in the tread rubber remove water between the tire and the wet road surface; however, the water removal is not sufficiently well understood. In this study, a rotating rubber specimen was rubbed against a mating prism to observe the contact surface. The friction force was also measured simultaneously with observation of contact surface. The water entering the pores was distinguished by the continuity method. As the result of these experiments, the coefficient of friction for rubber having pores on the surface was found to be larger than that of rubber without pores. Moreover, the difference in the coefficient of friction for rubber specimens with and without pores tended to be larger at lower sliding speeds. No water entered pores 3mm or less in diameter at any sliding speed in this experiment. An experiment to make the rubber specimen collide with the mating prism was conducted since actual tires seem to be deformed by the vehicle weight, such that the tire surface might contact the road collisionally. In the resulting collision experiment, the water did enter pores 3mm in diameter.
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Polverino, Salvatore. "The Upper Adriatic Trans-European Transport Network along the Trieste-Koper Axis." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021229n10.

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This paper-Review aims to clarify the infrastructural development of the Adriatic-Ionian macro-region and its difficult cross-border vision towards the Trans European Transport Network (TEN-T). Two Port Authorities competitors, Trieste and Koper have aimed to build a secondary track system to fulfill the EU sustainability and to adhere to the silk-road model. Trieste takes advantage of Annex VI, part of the Treaty of Paris, that has guaranteed a Free Port legal regime in combination with the recent Special Economic Zone (ZES), by which a further tax relief has played a strong Key-enabler role. With the analysis of Geographic Information System, Open License Database and evaluation methods have been compared and visualized to highlight the mismatch of their Cross-border cooperation. The expressed results lead to feasibility-costs' overviews and EU finance strategies in which is highlighted the competition between the two Port Authorities, and their final horizontal (re)integration of borders. Keywords: Sustainable development; Port city; GIS; TEN-T; NATO; Balkans; Silk-road; Covid19.
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Alam, M. Khairul, Shatil S. Ahmed, and Rex J. Kuriger. "Yield Function for Structural Porous Metals." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1264.

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Abstract To reduce weight while maintaining high specific strength, Structural Porous Metals (SPM) are being developed. These materials are alloys containing an inert gas in distributed pores at very high pressures. The pores of gas are incorporated into SPM during processing. Since the pores are closed pores at high pressures, the material can be processed by standard methods such as rolling or forging without collapsing the gas pores. These materials must be treated as a composite material with special deformation behavior under applied stresses. It should be noted that, unlike solids, shear stresses can not be present in a gas medium in static equilibrium. This paper deals with the determination of the yield stress of structural porous metals. The yield function is calculated from the principle of virtual work. In this approach it is assumed that a constant amount of energy needed to deform the material to the yield point. In the case of SPM, the yield function must include the work needed to deform the gas pores as the material yields. The energy of deformation for the gas in the pores is evaluated according to the ideal gas law. The total work done in deforming the gas and the solid metal is taken into account in determination of the yield function of SPM. The result of the analysis is then compared with classic yield functions for monolithic alloys.
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Liao, Lizi, Xiangnan He, Zhaochun Ren, Liqiang Nie, Huan Xu, and Tat-Seng Chua. "Representativeness-aware Aspect Analysis for Brand Monitoring in Social Media." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/44.

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Owing to the fast-responding nature and extreme success of social media, many companies resort to social media sites for monitoring their brands’ reputation and the opinions of general public. To help companies monitor their brands, in this work, we delve into the task of extracting representative aspects and posts from users’ free-text posts in social media. Previous efforts have treated it as a traditional information extraction task, and forgo the specific properties of social media, such as the possible noise in user generated posts and the varying impacts; In contrast, we extract aspects by maximizing their representativeness, which is a new notion defined by us that accounts for both the coverage of aspects and the impact of posts. We formalize it as a submodular optimization problem, and develop a FastPAS algorithm to jointly select representative posts and aspects. The FastPAS algorithm optimizes parameters in a greedy way, which is highly efficient and can reach a good solution with theoretical guarantees. We perform extensive experiments on two datasets, showing that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art aspect extraction and summarization methods in identifying representative aspects.
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Stout, Roger P. "On the Treatment of Circuit Boards as Thermal Two-Ports." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35225.

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It is shown that a thin circuit board with a single heat source may be treated as a “two-port,” a concept borrowed from electrical network theory. In situations where a circuit board may be approximated by varying regions of roughly axisymmetric geometry, a cascaded two-port model may be easily constructed and solved analytically. Each axisymmetric segment of the model is a two-port (in thermal terms, a circular fin lacking the traditional adiabatic boundary condition at the outer radius), hence an arbitrarily complex (axisymmetric) board model is represented by a cascaded two-port network. The overall network is driven by a heat source at its inner radius, and some outer radius boundary condition; the two-port concept naturally separates the interior conduction and surface convection properties from the temperature and heat flux boundary conditions. Thus, using this scheme, temperature and heat flow may be easily determined at every position within the model, thus providing necessary information on the interactions between locations within the model — permitting yet more complex analyses of a circuit board as a multiple heat source system. Application of the axisymmetric two-port method is made to thermal characterization of semiconductor devices, including the relationship between so called “min pad” and “1-inch pad” device characteristics. The model is also compared to other experimental data, where the “best fit” of the model parameters shows a reasonable correlation with the expected physical values of the experiment.
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Reports on the topic "Treaty Ports"

1

Keller, Wolfgang, Javier Andres Santiago, and Carol Shiue. Foreigners Knocking on the Door: Trade in China During the Treaty Port Era. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21886.

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Markstrom, Donald C., and Lee R. Gjovik. Service life of fence posts treated by double-diffusion methods. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-17.

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Michel, Bob, and Tatiana Falcão. Taxing Profits from International Maritime Shipping in Africa: Past, Present and Future of UN Model Article 8 (Alternative B). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.023.

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International maritime shipping is an essential part of global business. Since the establishment of the current international tax regime in the 1920s, there has been a consensus that profits generated by this business are taxable only in the residence state –the state where the shipowners are located. Source states – the port states where business physically takes place – are generally expected to exempt income from international shipping. This standard is currently reflected in Article 8 of the OECD Model and Article 8 (Alternative A) of the UN Model, and is incorporated in the vast majority of bilateral tax treaties currently in force. Exclusive residence state taxation of shipping profits is problematic when the size of mercantile fleets and shipping flows between two states are of unequal size. This is often the case in relations between a developed and developing country. The latter often lack a substantial domestic mercantile fleet, but serve as an important revenue-generating port state for the fleet of the developed country. To come to a more balanced allocation of taxing rights in such a case, a source taxation alternative has been inserted in UN Model Article 8 (Alternative B). From its inception, Article 8B has been labelled impractical due to the lack of guidance on core issues, like sourcing rules and profit allocation. This gap is said to explain the low adoption rate of Article 8B in global tax treaty practice. In reality, tax treaty practice regarding Article 8B is heavily concentrated and flourishing in a handful of countries in South/South-East Asia – Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand. All these countries subject non-resident shipping income to tax in their domestic income tax laws. Except for India, all countries are able to exercise these domestic tax law rules in relation to shipping enterprises located in the biggest shipowner states, either because they have a treaty in place that provides for source taxation or because there is no treaty at all and thus no restriction of domestic law. None of the relevant tax treaties contain a provision that incorporates the exact wording of Article 8B of the UN Model. If other countries, like coastal countries in sub-Saharan Africa, are looking to implement source taxation of maritime shipping income in the future, they are advised to draw on the South/South-East Asian experience. Best practice can be distilled regarding sourcing rule, source tax limitation, profit attribution and method of taxation (on gross or net basis). In addition to technical guidance on tax, the South/South-East Asian experience also provides important general policy considerations countries should take into account when determining whether source taxation of maritime shipping profits is an appropriate target for their future tax treaty negotiations.
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Cabrita, Maria Teresa, Ana David, and Gonçalo Vieira. Portuguese Polar Program Annual Report 2020. Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33787/ceg20210001.

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The Portuguese Polar Program - PROPOLAR is funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia ( based at Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território ( of the University of Lisbon ( The coordination of PROPOLAR is led by the Centro de Estudos Geográficos from Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território University of Lisbon (CEG/IGOT ULISBOA), under a Coordinating Committee that includes members from 4 other research centres, namely the Centro de Ciências do Mar University of Algarve (CCMAR UALG), the Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente University of Coimbra (MARE UC), the Centro de Química Estrutural from Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisboa (CQE/IST ULISBOA), and the Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental University of Oporto (CIIMAR U PORTO) Gonçalo Vieira (CEG/IGOT ULISBOA) is the Head of the program The remarkable effort and commitment of the Portuguese Polar scientists, within the framework of the International Polar Year ( 2007 08 were key to promote awareness of the importance of Polar science and research for Portugal A strategic plan encompassing three main objectives was then set out to i creating a Portuguese Polar Program focused on polar research and innovation and supporting the young generation of Polar scientists,scientists,( signing the Antarctic Treaty, and ( implementing a national Polar education and outreach program With the support of the FCT, PROPOLAR started in 2007 Portugal ratified the Antarctic Treaty in 2010 and the Madrid Protocol in 2014 and has established liaisons with major international Polar scientific and management organisations and networks PROPOLAR in close connection with the FCT, has ensured consolidation and sustainability of the development of Portuguese Polar science
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Graber, Ellen R., Linda S. Lee, and M. Borisover. An Inquiry into the Phenomenon of Enhanced Transport of Pesticides Caused by Effluents. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570559.bard.

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The objective of this collaborative research project was to determine the factors that may cause enhanced pesticide transport under effluent irrigation. For s-triazines, the potential for enhanced transport through association with effluent dissolved organic matter (OM) was shown to be small in batch and column studies and in numerical simulations. High alkalinity and pH of treated effluents increased soil-solution pH for selected soil-effluent combinations, promoting the dissolution of soil OM and mobilizing otherwise OM-retained pesticides. Evapotranspiration in column studies resulted in increased pore-water concentrations of dissolved OM and some pesticide transport enhancement with the greatest effect observed with OM-poor soils. For ionogenic pesticides, effluent-induced increases in soil-solution pH increased the mobility of pesticides with acid dissociation constants within 2 pH units of the initial soil-solution pH. Effluents high in suspended solids and/or monovalent cations resulted in blockage of soil pores reducing water-flow velocity and/or changing flow paths. Reduced flow resulted in an increase in desorption time of soil sorbed pesticides, increasing the amount available for further transport with the net effect being soil texture dependent. In terms of pesticide degradation in soils, effluents appeared to have only a minor effect for the few pesticides investigated.
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6

Potential impacts of discharging tertiary-treated wastewater into Port Royal Sound, South Carolina. US Geological Survey, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri854326.

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