Journal articles: 'Treatment projects'

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Andary, Elie Georges, Caesar Abi Shdid, Arindam Chowdhury, and Irtishad Ahmad. "Integrated project delivery implementation framework for water and wastewater treatment plant projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 609–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-02-2019-0075.

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Purpose The public nature of water and wastewater construction capital projects has rendered design-bid-build (DBB) as the delivery method of choice for such projects over the past years. Shortcomings inherent to DBB have had a negative effect on the key performance indicators (KPIs) of these projects. Numerous studies have been published about the benefits offered by integrated project delivery (IPD) in improving the delivery of DBB projects. Links correlating IPD principles to improvements in KPIs of DBB construction projects have not been established scientifically, thus leaving owners with no guidance on which IPD principle(s) to implement in order to improve a particular project KPI. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Actual data were collected from 43 water and wastewater construction projects – including two control projects with full implementation of selective IPD principles – and used to compute major projects KPIs. Regression analysis and a focus group are then utilized to determine the effect of each implemented IPD principle on various project KPIs. Findings Implementation of open communication was found to have a significant effect on reducing project cost overrun, and the co-location of teams significantly reduced the time to respond to RFIs. Collaborative decision making significantly reduced the cost of field rework. Other IPD principles showed less-significant effects on project KPIs and were concluded to be ineffective at improving the projects’ performance. Practical implications An implementation framework is developed that can guide utility owners on which IPD principle(s) to implement in order to improve specific project KPIs. Originality/value This study demonstrates that not all IPD principles will result in performance improvement of a project. A selective and cost-effective implementation of certain IPD principle will have to be based on the nature of the project and the particular KPIs targeted for improvement.

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Camasso, Michael J. "Quality of Life Perception in Transitional Housing Demonstration Projects: An Examination of Psychosocial Impact." Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhg007.

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Wang, Liguang, Asheem Shrestha, Wen Zhang, and Guangbin Wang. "Government Guarantee Decisions in PPP Wastewater Treatment Expansion Projects." Water 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 3352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123352.

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Public private partnership (PPP) models are often used in delivering wastewater treatment (WWT) projects. When existing PPP projects need expansion due to higher demand for WWT, in many cases, the expansion may involve a new PPP contract involving a new concessionaire. Expansion PPPs have unique challenges as the sharing of responsibilities and risks can become complex. The complexities are further exacerbated when there are government guarantees involved. Structuring inappropriate guarantees can often lead to high costs for the government. This study focused on the choice of government guarantee in PPP expansion projects in the WWT sector by examining two popular guarantee mechanisms: minimum revenue guarantee and exclusive right. A decision model was developed and applied in a real WWT expansion PPP project in China to illustrate the optimal guarantee under varying circumstances related to service demand, expected unit price, and the existing guarantees in the existing PPP project. The contribution of the study lies in the applicability of the model to facilitate better decisions for the government in selecting the optimal guarantee mechanism in PPP expansion projects.

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Kempa, Edward S. "Improvement of Wastewater Treatment Plant Projects." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1990): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0273.

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It comes about that the construction of a wastewater treatment plant has already started and a new, more modern idea of treatment or plant construction - lower in costs - arises. The investor has the choice to be for or against the proposed changes. The following examples will show the kind of improvements which have been made at three Polish wastewater treatment plants. The first two plants have worked very well for years; the erection of the third will start soon. The construction costs of the plants in question were 50–60% of the previously calculated, separate from the simpler construction.

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Westoll, T. G. "Driffield Sewerage and Sewage-Treatment Projects." Water and Environment Journal 13, no. 2 (April 1999): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1999.tb01019.x.

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Abi Shdid, Caesar, Elie Andary, Arindam Gan Chowdhury, and Irtishad U. Ahmad. "Project Performance Rating Model for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Public Projects." Journal of Management in Engineering 35, no. 2 (March 2019): 04018064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000678.

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Li, Huimin, Qing Xia, Shiping Wen, Lunyan Wang, and Lelin Lv. "Identifying Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Water Environment Treatment Public-Private Partnership Projects." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7907234.

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Sustainability has recently been acknowledged as a crucial issue in infrastructure projects. Developing a model to evaluate project sustainability according to sustainability indicators plays a major role in promoting the sustainable development of water environment treatment public-private partnership (PPP) projects. Traditional sustainability assessments are mostly based on the triple bottom line (economic, social, and environmental) and lack a more integrated indicator system. To connect the research gap, this paper identifies 27 factors that affect the sustainability of water environment treatment PPP projects from five dimensions: economy, society, resources and environment, engineering, and project management using exploratory factor analysis. The fitting degree between the model and original data is verified by confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the fitting was successful. This paper makes two contributions: first, it provides a comprehensive sustainability evaluation indicator system from five aspects, laying a foundation for the evaluation of project sustainability. Second, this study defines a methodology to evaluate and rank factors, identifies the indicators that show the most significant impact on project sustainability in the five dimensions, which provide a reliable reference for the public and private sector to take appropriate measures to improve the sustainability level of water environment treatment public-private partnership projects.

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Zheng, Hai Liang, Zheng Xiao, Chun Feng Hu, Yao Wen Wu, and Wei Jiang. "Project Management for the Construction of a Large Scale Modified UNITANK Wastewater Treatment Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2317.

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As more and more work is organized through projects and programmers, project management is becoming increasingly important. Aiming to ensure the project quality, control building progress within a short period and make the cost effective, full-process project management for the construction of a large scale modified UNITANK wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was conducted and introduced in detail in this paper. Long term operation results indicate that the Qianfeng II WWTP shows good pollutants removal performance and stable operation ability, which demonstrates that these project management methods are practical and could be popularized for the similar projects in the future.

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Shvetsova, Olga A., and Jang Hee Lee. "Minimizing the Environmental Impact of Industrial Production: Evidence from South Korean Waste Treatment Investment Projects." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 18, 2020): 3489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103489.

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This research deals with the theoretical and practical issues of investment support activities for industrial waste management in developed countries, based on the example of South Korea. The main goal of this research is the evaluation of waste treatment investment projects and understanding their impact on the development of environmental policies. The problems of forming the sustainable systems for controlling the disposal of industrial wastes are being studied. The authors discuss the practical application of environmental policies and modern technologies of South Korean companies in the field of industrial waste processing. The approaches of waste investment project’s evaluation are applied and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods were discussed for various cases and applications. Using MCDM methods, the authors study the effectiveness of investment projects in waste treatment activities in Korea. The analyses of MCDM methods are implemented in this research to provide some instructions on how to effectively apply these methods in waste treatment investment project analyses. Furthermore, the authors propose a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate waste treatment projects. The proposed approach improves the method of calculating economic efficiency based on a one-dimensional criterion and sensitivity analysis. The main results of this research perform the investment impact and risk-analysis on the environmental policies development.

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«Llenguatge escrit i educació especial», Grup de treball. "The treatment of diversity working through projects." Educar 22 (February 1, 1998): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.364.

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Hempling, Scott. "Joint Demonstration Projects: Options for Regulatory Treatment." Electricity Journal 21, no. 5 (June 2008): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2008.05.013.

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Yu, Chuan. "Identification and Treatment Suggestion of a Building Safety." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 1257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.1257.

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Through the investigation, detection, analysis and study of cracks in concrete beam and concrete floorslab of a residential project in Shandong Province, this paper aims to determine the cracks type and the causes, and assess the impact on the project. Then, the appropriate and corresponding schemes for handling concrete cracks will be developed and for similar projects, this paper proposes some reasonable suggestions as well.

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Wilson, A. W., P. Do, and W. E. Keller. "Implementation of the biological nutrient removal program at Calgary's Bonnybrook wastewater treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0013.

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This paper describes the biological nutrient removal (BNR) program that has been implemented in stages at Calgary's Bonnybrook wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) over the past eight years. Process design parameters and performance data for two retrofit BNR projects and one new BNR expansion project are described. These projects have made the Bonnybrook WWTP the largest cold weather, suspended growth BNR plant in the world.

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Qian, Chang Ping, Yao Long Liu, Jun Wang, and Zhen Lou Chen. "Empirical Study on the Performance Evaluation of the Black Color and Odor Urban Rivers Treatment Projects." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2104.

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Integrated with the project performance research development in the world, this article structures a performance evaluation system which accords with the urban rivers pollution characteristics and the treatment project performance in the south city of China. With an empirical study on the treatment project of the Panlongjiang River in Nanba Village of Kunming City, this article evaluates the treatment projects from the aspects of social economic profit, ecological benefit and the social benefit for people’s livelihood. The evaluation result shows that the treatment project on the part of Panlongjiang River in Nanba Village of Kunming City works effectively. The investment and income, the benefit of projects and the river environmental quality belong to the level of very efficient. The pollution emission reduction benefit, the ecological quality of riparian zone landscape, aquatic environment condition, and the development of basic establishment belong to the level of efficient. The environmental protection and management performance belongs to the level of ordinary. The practice demonstrates that this evaluation index system has certain serviceability and can reflect the process and the real achievements of treatment projects of black color and odor urban rivers.

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Lee, Seungho, and Jae-ho Choi. "Wastewater treatment Transfer-Operate-Transfer (TOT) projects in China: The case of Hefei Wangxiaoying Wastewater treatment TOT project." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 831–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-013-0095-5.

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Salati, E., E. Salati, E. Salati, S. M. Tauk-Tornisielo, D. F. Brega, and C. J. Bombonato. "Use of the HDS System (Hydric Depuration with Soils) Associated to Other Constructed Wetlands Techniques for Public Water Supply." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0163.

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Two projects of water treatment for public water supply were developed and operated by using combined systems of constructed wetlands. One of the projects was carried out in the town of Analândia, São Paulo, Brazil and wetlands with floating aquatic plants associated to the HDS system were used. Nearly 6,480 inhabitants were supplied. The other conducted project was an experimental station in partnership with SABESP (São Paulo State Sanitation Agency / Brazil), for the pretreatment of 1,700 l.s−1 of waters from the Cotia River, which is used for the population's supply after conventional treatment at the Lower Cotia Water Treatment Station. For this pilot project, wetlands with emergents and floating plants associated to the HDS system were used. The proposed objectives were achieved in both projects.

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Xiaoqiang, Ren, and Chen Ranran. "PPP Model Applicability Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Project Based on the Dual Perspective of Government and Private Sector." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125101005.

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At present, the applicability evaluation perspective of PPP mode of sewage treatment project in China is single, and the operability of evaluation method is poor. On the basis of the existing evaluation methods, combined with the characteristics of China’s sewage treatment projects, this paper establishes the applicability evaluation model of PPP mode of sewage treatment projects from the dual perspectives of government and private sectors, and introduces the psc-ppp value comparison method and the marketability theory to evaluate the value for money. The research results show that the method is feasible and has practical reference value for the applicability evaluation of PPP mode in sewage treatment projects.

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Feghaly, Jeffrey, Mounir El Asmar, Samuel Ariaratnam, and Wylie Bearup. "Selecting project delivery methods for water treatment plants." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 936–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-06-2019-0308.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify key project delivery method selection factors to assist water industry decision-makers in selecting the most appropriate delivery method for their water treatment plant projects. Design/methodology/approach The selection factors were identified by compiling and validating key project delivery selection factors across various industries through an extensive literature review and two industry expert workshops. This resulted in the development of a web-based decision-support tool to facilitate project delivery method selection within the water industry. Findings The research effort led to the identification of 13 key project delivery method selection factors (seven primary factors and six secondary factors) for water treatment plant projects. These factors were utilized to develop EXPRSS-TP, a pioneering web-based project delivery method decision-support tool for the water industry. Practical implications A project delivery method selection process is typically an informal process that may range from days to weeks at a time. Based on this work, the assessment can now be completed in about one hour and provides decision-makers with the most favorable delivery method for their project. And with the new tool that encompasses the new knowledge, not only is the decision reached at an accelerated pace, EXPRSS-TP also documents the entire selection process, allowing for a written and retained record of this key decision and its procedure. Originality/value This paper contributes to the exisiting body of knowledge by identifying key project delivery selection factors across numerous industries, assessing and combining them, and finally incorporating them into one comprehensive process. EXPRSS-TP improves the traditional project delivery method selection process and provides evidence-based project delivery method selection recommendations.

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Yu, Xin, Sid Suntrayuth, and Jiafu Su. "A Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Industrial Sewage Treatment Projects Based on the Improved Entropy-TOPSIS." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 6734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176734.

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Sewage treatment and reuse have always been hot issues in both the business and academic communities in all nations around the world. In order to solve the difficulties in accurate quantization and objective evaluation of industrial sewage treatment projects, this paper proposed a comprehensive industrial sewage treatment project evaluation method based on the improved entropy–TOPSIS method. First, this paper constructed an evaluation indicator system for sewage treatment projects from the four aspects of environmental performance, economic performance, managerial performance and social performance. Second, it made a modification to the experts’ experience-based grading using the entropy weight method and determined the weight of the indicators in a more objective and more accurate manner. Third, this work improved the traditional TOPSIS method and simplified the calculations with regard to the traditional TOPSIS-based comprehensive evaluation. Finally, by taking the example of evaluating industrial sewage treatment projects of the China Water Affairs Group in Q city (ChongQing), China, this paper verified the feasibility and practicability of the proposed comprehensive industrial sewage treatment project evaluation system and method.

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Shrestha, Asheem, Toong-Khuan Chan, Ajibade A. Aibinu, and Chuan Chen. "Efficient risk transfer in PPP wastewater treatment projects." Utilities Policy 48 (October 2017): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2017.03.003.

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Tien, Tran Ba, and Le Thi Tuyet Hanh. "Multiple Intelligences-Related Projects and EFL University Students’ Autonomy." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n3p85.

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This experimental research investigates the relationship between multiple intelligences (MI)-related projects and EFL learners’ autonomy. The experiment was conducted at Vinh University, involving 59 non-English majored students. Autonomy tests, project rubrics, and project questionnaires were employed to collect the data for analysis. The findings showed that after fifteen weeks of treatment with five projects the students involved in MI projects were more self-controlled in exploiting information sources, learning process and language learning than students in the control groups. The experiment groups also showed students’ significant increased motivation in MI projects.

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Zhao, Hui, Zehui Bu, and Shengbin Ma. "Risk Evaluation of Sewage Treatment PPPABS Projects Using Combination Weight Method and D-S Evidence Theory." Complexity 2020 (July 3, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4167130.

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In order to make up for the shortage of public-private partnership (PPP) model, more and more sewage treatment PPP projects have adopted the asset-backed securitization (ABS) model. To ensure success of sewage treatment PPPABS projects, risk evaluation, which has remained scarcity and unscientific, is becoming an urgent problem to be solved. Firstly, this paper identifies critical risk factors by literature analysis and expert interview. The final risk system is established from the perspectives of macrorisks, basic asset risks, transaction structure risks, operational risks, and other risks, which include 17 second risk factors. Then, the overall risk evaluation method is proposed based on combination weight method and Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory. Next, Beijing capital Co. Ltd. sewage treatment PPPABS project as a case is employed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, awareness of existing risks, suggestions from law risk, quality risk, underwriting and issue risk, and credit enhancement are provided for sewage treatment PPPABS projects. All above studies are expected to provide helpful references for evaluating overall risk of sewage treatment PPPABS projects.

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Marsolek, Michael D., Patrick K. Cummings, Joshua T. Alcantara, Michael Wynne, Luis F. Quintero, Carlos Vallejos, Charles F. Jackels, and Susan C. Jackels. "Wastewater Treatment for a Coffee Processing Mill in Nicaragua: A Service-Learning Design Project." International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering, Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship 7, no. 1 (May 30, 2012): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijsle.v7i1.4242.

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An undergraduate capstone design project team consisting of candidates for the BS degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering and faculty designed a wastewater treatment facility for a coffee processing mill in rural Nicaragua. The team visited Nicaragua to interview the client community, survey the actual site, and hold discussions with local development agencies, agricultural cooperatives, and potential contractors. Three alternative designs were developed, and the community chose one involving a settling basin and a series of three infiltration pits. The treatment system is expected to meet MARENA discharge standards for pH, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of discharge wastewater. The project team further secured sufficient funding from Tetra Tech, an environmental consulting firm, to build the coffee mill and the water treatment facility. On a subsequent visit, the mill and treatment facility were seen to be well constructed and functional. Several important lessons regarding international service learning design projects were learned: the need for a large cost overrun buffer; the utility of having contributors on-site during both important decision making stages and construction; the value of working with local organizations to facilitate remote work projects; the possibility of private sponsorship and partnership for charitable projects; and the need to work with the community to design and select appropriate technologies.

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Yang, Mingzhu, Haitao Chen, and Yongshun Xu. "Stakeholder-Associated Risks and Their Interactions in PPP Projects: Social Network Analysis of a Water Purification and Sewage Treatment Project in China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (October 20, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8897196.

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As a result of complex contractual relationships, multiple stakeholders with different interests are involved in public-private partnership (PPP) projects. Compared to traditional models, PPP projects have more uncertainty. This study integrated stakeholders and risk factors in PPP projects from a network perspective to better determine how to control risks. Using social network analysis (SNA), a case study was conducted to identify the critical risk factors, and mitigation actions are proposed. The results indicated that, compared to other stakeholders, local governments play the most important role in PPP projects. Managers should therefore pay more attention to political and legal risk factors and develop reasonable risk-sharing plans. This study expands PPP risk research from the individual level to the network level and provides a visualized, innovative research paradigm for PPP risk analysis. The results can also be used by project managers for decision-making, risk management, and other processes, thus helping to achieve the sustainable management of PPP projects.

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Unterhitzenberger, Christine, and David James Bryde. "Organizational Justice, Project Performance, and the Mediating Effects of Key Success Factors." Project Management Journal 50, no. 1 (November 26, 2018): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972818808984.

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Projects are under constant pressure to improve performance, and research is needed to understand the characteristics of high-performing projects. Using the concept of organizational justice as a characteristic, we propose that the performance of projects in meeting success criteria is enhanced when there are procedures in place for the fair treatment of project team members; when resources are allocated fairly; and when the individuals interact in a way that is characterized by respect, propriety, and dignity. Structural equation analysis supports our proposition that the presence of organizational justice enhances project performance and valuable nuances in these relationships are discovered.

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Li, Huimin, Qing Xia, Lunyan Wang, and Ying Ma. "Sustainability assessment of urban water environment treatment public-private partnership projects using fuzzy logic." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 18, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 1251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-10-2019-0260.

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Purpose In recent years, with the increasingly serious urban water environmental pollution, the government has exerted considerable effort to promote the comprehensive improvement of the water environment and conducted numerous urban water environment treatment public–private partnership (PPP) projects (UWETP-PPP). The sustainability assessment of UWETP-PPP has important theoretical and practical significance for the public and private sectors to systematically evaluate the sustainability of projects and promote the sustainable development of projects. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to advance a method to evaluate the sustainability of UWETP-PPP. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopted fuzzy logic method to evaluate the sustainability of UWETP-PPP. First, this paper constructed the sustainability assessment indicator system of UWETP-PPP. Second, this paper determined the appropriate linguistic scale for assessing the performance ratings and importance weights of UWETP-PPP sustainability indicators and collected experts’ evaluations of the project through questionnaires. Then, the linguistic variables were approximated as fuzzy numbers through the concept of fuzzy theory. Finally, the sustainability of the project was determined and the weak sustainability aspects of the project were identified by calculation. Findings The feasibility of this method was verified by a specific case. And, the results of the case study showed that the UWETP-PPP in Xuchang City, China, was sustainable, and the indicators of weak sustainability of the project were identified, namely, internal return ratio (IRR), sustainable cash flow, provision of employment opportunities, energy efficiency, comprehensive use of water resources, use of innovation materials, renewal of project facilities, adoption of advanced engineering technology, use of construction waste and waste recycling and reuse. This paper also proposed corresponding suggestions for further improving the sustainability of the UWETP-PPP in Xuchang City, China. Originality/value This paper makes two contributions: first, the fuzzy logic method is applied to provide new ideas for a sustainability assessment of UWETP-PPP, and the assessment results facilitate ways to monitor and estimate the degree of sustainability. Second, the identified indicators of weak sustainability provide useful references for the public and private sectors regarding implementing appropriate measures to improve the sustainability level of UWETP-PPP.

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Karmperis, A. C., A. Sotirchos, K. Aravossis, and I. P. Tatsiopoulos. "Implementing wastewater treatment projects through build–operate–transfer contracts." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 7, no. 2 (June 29, 2012): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp-v7-n2-237-251.

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RANASINGHE, MALIK, and ALAN D. RUSSELL. "TREATMENT OF CORRELATION FOR RISK ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING PROJECTS." Civil Engineering Systems 9, no. 1 (August 1992): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02630259208970637.

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Mayor, S. "Pilot projects show cancer treatment can be speeded up." BMJ 322, no. 7278 (January 13, 2001): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7278.69.

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Stockmann, Keith D., Kevin D. Hyde, J. Greg Jones, Dan R. Loeffler, and Robin P. Silverstein. "Integrating fuel treatment into ecosystem management: a proposed project planning process." International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, no. 6 (2010): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08108.

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Concern over increased wildland fire threats on public lands throughout the western United States makes fuel reduction activities the primary driver of many management projects. This single-issue focus recalls a management planning process practiced frequently in recent decades – a least-harm approach where the primary objective is first addressed and then plans are modified to mitigate adverse effects to other resources. In contrast, we propose a multiple-criteria process for planning fuel-treatment projects in the context of ecosystem management. This approach is consistent with policies that require land management activities be designed to meet multiple-use and environmental objectives, while addressing administrative and budget constraints, and reconciling performance measures from multiple policy directives. We present the process borrowing from the Trapper Bunkhouse Land Stewardship Project example to show the logic for conducting an integrated assessment of ecological and natural resource issues related to multiple management scenarios. The effects and trade-offs of the no-action scenario and proposed action alternatives are evaluated relative to silviculture, disturbance processes (including fire behaviour), wildlife habitat, noxious weeds, water quality, recreation and aesthetics, and economic contributions. Advantages and challenges of this project planning approach are also discussed.

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Liu, Ze Jun, Jun Hao Wang, Qing Shan Zheng, Yue Xin She, and Yi Jiang. "Analysis of Crack Initiation and Treatment in the South-to-North Water Diversion Suining Two Station Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1123.

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For projects, especially large-scale projects, due to the long time of project construction, the construction of the complexity of the geological conditions, sometimes inevitably lead to quality defects.How scientific and reasonable quality defects hidden works to take remedial measures, or effective correction to restore the loss of time, cost, quality, safety,become an important engineering problem.Some cracks, will not have a substantial impact on the project, you can take measures to deal with to ensure proper implementation of the project.The article takes the analysis of crack initiation and Treatment in the Suining two station project.There are a lot of reference in processing defects in the country's large projects.Statistical indicators from the implementation of the results, analysis shows that to achieve even better than the regulatory requirements, and achieved the expected results.

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Ling, Haitao, Cong Su, Haotian Xia, Fei Suo, Mengjie Xiao, and Yue Cheng. "Treatment and benefit analysis of wastewater from construction of hydropower project." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 06024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913606024.

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In order to treat oil and other pollutants in downstream surface water causing by the construction process of a hydropower project, many methods were used. Besides that, a set of flocculation and precipitation facilities was designed as an emergency device for entire construction site. Good results were achieved in the treatment of construction wastewater, which has obvious economic and environmental benefits and has reference value for similar projects.

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Hanley, Kevin E., A. Reed Gibby, and Thomas C. Ferrara. "Analysis of Accident-Reduction Factors on California State Highways." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1717, no. 1 (January 2000): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1717-06.

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Accident reduction factors (ARFs) are mechanisms that the California Department of Transportation employs in calculating Traffic Safety Index values, which are used to prioritize safety-improvement projects on California state highways. Many factors that affect motorist safety have changed over the nearly 30 years in which ARFs have been used in the Traffic Safety Index Program. It is therefore appropriate to review and update, as needed, these accident-reduction factors. The research focused on four accident-reduction factors that are currently in use (rumble-strip installation, shoulder widening, superelevation correction, and curve correction). An accident-reduction factor was developed for a fifth treatment category (wet-pavement treatments). Data were gathered for all projects proposed for funding in the state of California’s Safety Improvement Program from 1985 through 1995. Projects completed from 1988 through 1992 were considered for inclusion in a before-and-after study that employed empirical Bayesian statistical analysis. A Bayesian statistical software package, BEATS (Bayesian Estimation of Accidents in Transportation Studies), was used in the analysis. The study reviewed scope of work for each of the projects of interest that were completed from 1988 to 1992. Thirty projects—the most frequently occurring individual treatments and treatment combinations—were categorized by treatment type and analyzed. Accident-reduction factors of sufficient statistically significant strength were found for wet-pavement treatments, rumble-strip installations, and shoulder-widening projects. Data for shoulder widening, superelevation correction, and curve correction projects also are presented, but small sample size hampered statistical significance for these projects. Results of the study revealed the importance of improving curve radius during superelevation correction and lane- and/or shoulder-widening treatments.

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Tang, Zhao Hui, Bo Chai, Yuan Yao Li, and Chao Luo. "Design Engineering to Control Geological Environmental Problems of Limestone Mine in Fengshan, Guangxi." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1368.

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Geo-environmental treatment projects had not been implemented in many old mines of China. Those mines environment has got increasingly deteriorated. So the government provides specialized policies and funding to solve the environmental problems of those mines. Based on the characteristics of the geological environmental treatment projects of old mines, the paper puts forward the principle and index of the treatment projects design and applies in the design of Fengshan limestone mine, Guangxi. It indicated that: (1)The geological environment problems are complex and diverse, and the treatment projects involve a multi-disciplinary cross which are environmental geology, ecology geology, geotechnical engineering, environmental engineering and landscape works. It needs to consider the follow key indicators: Geo-environment problems, Feasibility, Benefit, and social demand. (2) the limestone mine in FengShan is high 134m, and there had happened a collapse which had 2.1×104 m3, and killed 6 people. The geo-environment problems include rockfall, rock collapse, land and vegetation destruction, and landscape damage. The mine local in the Leye-Fengshan International Geological Park in Guangxi, the requests for travel security and sight-viewing environment are extremely high. Therefore, drainage, anchoring, rockfalls platforms and rock carvings would be implemented for the purpose of transforming the mine into a sight spot in the park.(3) The treatment projects eliminate the geo-hazard and build the world-class carving attractions reflect the benefit of the project management from the environment, economy and society aspects.

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Stener-Victorin, Elisabet. "Reproductive Medicine: Research Projects in Acupuncture." Acupuncture in Medicine 16, no. 2 (November 1998): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.16.2.80.

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Two studies are briefly reported in which electroacupuncture is found to be beneficial in aspects of infertility treatment. They are the first in a series planned to investigate acupuncture in this area of gynaecology. 1. A high impedance in the blood flow of the uterine arteries has been shown to reduce the pregnancy rate of in-vitro fertilisation treatment. So ten healthy, but infertile, women with a high uterine artery pulsatility index were treated with electroacupuncture twice a week over a period of four weeks. There was a significant reduction (p<0.0001) in pulsatility index that was maintained for a further two weeks. 2. Twenty-four women with polycystic ovary syndrome were treated with electroacupuncture over a period of three months. Ovulation patterns were observed by daily recording of basal body temperature over nine months, including three months before treatment and three after. The main outcome was that electroacupuncture induced regular ovulation in more than a third of the women. The women were found to fall into two categories: a group in whom regular ovulation was induced following electroacupuncture who were less androgenic and had less metabolic disturbance, and a group who were more affected by the syndrome and who did not respond to treatment.

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Lavikka, Rita Henriikka, Riikka Kyrö, Antti Peltokorpi, and Anna Särkilahti. "Revealing change dynamics in hospital construction projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 9 (October 21, 2019): 1946–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2018-0119.

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Purpose Hospital construction projects often suffer from relatively late changes in the project lifecycle, which disrupt the project execution and impact project productivity. The purpose of this paper is to explore the root causes of changes in hospital construction projects. The paper aims to propose ways to prepare for the changes. Design/methodology/approach The study focuses on changes during the construction of new hospital facilities. An explorative, case study research design is utilised. Five case projects from Finland, Sweden and the USA were selected for in-depth analysis. The primary data comprise semi-structured interviews, supported by secondary evidence such as change order documents. Findings The findings reveal eight categories for change sources: contracts, and equipment and systems are reflective of the fast-paced healthcare technology and changing user requirements, while external environment comprises changes caused by both regulatory and physical environment. Changes in operations are reflected in the continuous development of treatment methods and processes. The user, owner, designer and contractor initiated changes represent the stakeholder influence. The paper makes a connection between these change sources and project complexity dimension. A framework for change dynamics is introduced, and product and process flexibility is suggested as a suitable method to prepare for and manage changes. Originality/value The paper is the first to link construction changes to project complexity factors. The paper argues that changes, when managed appropriately, are not only necessary but also beneficial to large construction projects in a quickly changing environment. The findings guide project stakeholders in implementing project flexibility, in the product and process dimensions, which is a balancing force to project complexity.

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Peay, Stephanie, Stein Johnsen, Colin Bean, Alison Dunn, Roar Sandodden, and Lennart Edsman. "Biocide Treatment of Invasive Signal Crayfish: Successes, Failures and Lessons Learned." Diversity 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11030029.

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Signal crayfish, as an invasive alien species in Europe, have caused impacts on aquatic communities and losses of native crayfish. Eradication of recently established populations may be possible in small ponds (<2.5 ha) and short lengths of small watercourses using a nonselective biocide. Between 2004 and 2012, a total of 13 sites in the U.K. were assessed for suitability. Six were treated with natural pyrethrum and crayfish were successfully eradicated from three. In Norway, five sites were assessed and two sites were treated with a synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin, both successfully. In Sweden, three sites were treated with another synthetic pyrethroid, deltamethrin, all successfully. Defining the likely extent of population was critical in determining the feasibility of treatment, as well as the ability to treat the whole population effectively. Important constraints on projects included site size, habitat complexity, environmental risks, cooperation of landowners and funding availability. Successful projects were manageably small, had good project leadership, had cooperation from stakeholders, had access to resources and were carried out within one to three years. Factors influencing success included treating beyond the likely maximum geographical extent of the population and taking care to dose the treated area thoroughly (open water, plus the banks, margins, inflows and outflows). Recommendations are given on assessing the feasibility of biocide treatments and project-planning.

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Nowakowska-Szmalec, Ewa, and Joachim Foltys. "MANAGEMENT OF A MEDICAL PROJECT WITH AN EXAMPLE: COMPREHENSIVE CARE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION)." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 239–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7997.

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The article deals with the thematic area related to the management of the medical procedure from the point of view of the payer - National Health Fund - NHF. For the purposes of the article, the authors assumed that the medical procedure is a project. As an example of the project, the project: Comprehensive care after myocardial infarction (KOS) was taken. Participatory observation of the authors of the article showed that it is necessary to treat every contract concluded and financed by the NHF with individual providers as a project. The treatment of individual medical procedures contracted and financed by the NHF requires the consistent application of all the rules related to project management. It is extremely important, but at the same time very difficult, to define medical procedures (projects) financed and contracted by the NHF. This includes, above all, the structures (groups) of medical projects, for example: cardiological, pulmonological, psychiatric and other. A very important problem is the definition of criteria for standardization of medical projects.

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Xiumin, ZHANG, LIU Liping, and MA Shengwei. "Projects for Comprehensive Pollution Treatment for the Xinyun Lake Catchment." Journal of Lake Sciences 13, no. 2 (2001): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18307/20010212.

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Sun, M., N. Bakis, and G. Aouad. "A collaborative design appraisal system for water treatment engineering projects." Advances in Engineering Software 34, no. 11-12 (December 2003): 737–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-9978(03)00106-6.

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Worrall, Anne. "Targeting And Treatment? Do Prolific Offender Projects Have A Future?" Probation Journal 49, no. 4 (December 2002): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455050204900404.

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Selam, Jean Louis. "Inhaled insulin for the treatment of diabetes: projects and devices." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 4, no. 8 (August 2003): 1373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.4.8.1373.

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Eikum, A. S., and B. Paulsrud. "Treatment of Septage – Scandinavian Practice." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1986): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0275.

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Treatment and disposal of septage is a problem in many countries including Scandinavia. During the early part of the seventies research projects were initiated to find reliable data on both quantities and characteristics of septage in Norway. During the last part of this period several full scale demonstration plants with septage addition were investigated. Information from these projects was used to establish national guidelines on septage handling and disposal. Today both co-treatment of septage and sewage and independent treatment of septage are used throughout Scandinavia. Several plants also include separate treatment of septage liquor. Mobile septage dewatering trucks are also on the Scandinavian market today. These systems are now considered as being proven technology and they give the municipalities a new alternative to solve the septage problem.

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Zhao, Liang, and Tsvi Vinig. "Hedonic value and crowdfunding project performance: a propensity score matching-based analysis." Review of Behavioral Finance 9, no. 2 (July 10, 2017): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rbf-09-2016-0059.

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Purpose In the existing literature on crowdfunding project performance, previous studies have given little attention to the impact of investors’ hedonic value and utilitarian value on project results. In a crowdfunding setting, utilitarian value is somehow hard to satisfy due to information asymmetry and adverse selection problem. Therefore, the projects with more hedonic value can be more attractive for potential investors. Lucky draw is a method to increase consumer hedonic value, and it can influence investors’ behavior as a result. The authors hypothesize that projects with hedonic treatment (lucky draw) may have higher probability to win their campaign than others. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A unique self-extracted two-year Chinese crowdfunding platform real data set has been applied as the analysis sample. The authors first employ propensity score matching methods to control for the endogeneity of hedonic treatment adoption (lucky draw). The authors then run OLS regression and probit regression in order to test the hypotheses. Findings The analysis suggests a significant positive relationship not only between project lottery adoption and project results but also between project lottery adoption and project popularity. Originality/value The results suggest that an often ignored factor – hedonic treatment (lucky draw) – can play an important role in crowdfunding project performance.

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Rangel, Carla M. P., José Henrique Frantz, and Moacir Bastiani. "Landfarming for Treatment and Disposal of Oily Wastes Originating in the South Petrochemical Complex." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0140.

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Landfarming, a waste treatment system using biological degradation, has been very successfully used for the decomposition of oily sludges. This paper presents data on a project recently developed by COPESUL (Companhia Petroquimica do Sul) on implementation of this system as a solution for the disposal of oily sludges. The characteristics of this project are very different to those of other projects already operating in Brazil. It was due to the experience of these other projects that some modifications were introduced in the COPESUL project. The site chosen for disposal was divided into six parallel cells provided with internal roads to allow the easy access of equipment. The cells were made impermeable by means of a structure composed, from bottom to top, of: a layer of unsaturated natural clay with a minimum thickness of 3.60 m (with the top 15 cm compacted); a draining ballast, for safety purposes, which collects the liquid if this percolates through the top impermeable layer; an impermeable layer with a minimum thickness of 50 cm, obtained by compaction of the local clay; and a reactive layer, properly prepared to receive the sludge. The system is also provided with tanks to receive the waste to be treated and for storage of rainwater leachate which is collected and transported to SITEL (Integrated System for Treatment of Liquid Effluents) for treatment. Furthermore, a storage area for drums is provided for wastes delivered in this form. In addition to data on the project, the paper also gives details of the characteristics of the wastes, the monitoring plan, investment costs, and operating data.

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Messing, Arie, and Yuval Sela. "SHAFDAN (Greater Tel Aviv Wastewater Treatment Plant): recent upgrade and expansion." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.032.

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The SHAFDAN is the largest wastewater treatment plant in Israel and currently treats 360,000 m3/day of municipal wastewater, about 92% of its treatment capacity. Waste sludge from the plant is discharged to the Mediterranean Sea through a marine outfall. The SHAFDAN is committed to ending the disposal of its sludge to the sea by the end of 2016 by providing a land-based biosolids management program that produces a Class A biosolids for agricultural use. In order to implement this strategy, a number of large-scale construction projects were undertaken. These projects include a new sludge thickening and dewatering facility, updated headworks, a new primary treatment facility, and a new 3-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion facility. The total capital cost of these projects is estimated to be US $300 million. This paper describes the principal components of these projects and their design parameters.

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Salati, E., Eneida Salati, and E. Salati. "Wetland Projects Developed in Brazil." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0128.

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The first studies with constructed wetlands undertaken in Brazil were the result of observations made from the Amazon flood plains. The first attempt to use this capacity to change the quality of the water, in the sense of purification performed in Brazil using constructed wetland systems, was made by Salati et al. (1982) After that, new technologies were developed in a focused attempt to increase the efficiency of the system and reduce investments. Over these 18 years, persuading the Brazilian scientific community as well as the environmental control agencies to give due attention to this kind of research has required endless efforts. Only in recent years have major institutions responsible for sewage treatment and potable water supply been concerned with this type of technology for solving real problems. These institutions are as follows: SABESP (Basic Sanitation Company of São Paulo State), SANEPAR (Sanitation Company of Paraná State) and CESP (Electric Company of São Paulo State). One of the private institutions that has systematically worked in the design and projects of constructed wetlands is the Institute of Applied Ecology. This institution has enhanced and developed a water depuration system based on the purifying capacity of the soil. The wetlands with filtering soils are systems formed by overlapping layers of crushed stone, gravel and soil planted with rice. This technology has been used in sewage treatment and also in water supply systems.

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Liu, Xiao Jun, and Ying Jun Wei. "The Evaluation of Decentralized Wastewater Reuse Based on Environmental Accounting." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.170.

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Decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project as a useful complement of Centralized sewage treatment and reuse is a good way to solve water shortages and water environment pollution in urban and surrounding areas. Then the investors tend to focus on the projects financial economic effectiveness when making decisions, hindered the development of decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project. To promote decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse projects rapid growth, proposed decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse Evaluation System and Model based on environment accounting perspective. Through analyze a project by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in university in Xi'an. The result shows that this project not only has a good economic benefit, but also they can improve the environment and promote sustainable development of society.

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Schack, Gina D. "Self-Efficacy as a Mediator in the Creative Productivity of Gifted Children." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 12, no. 3 (April 1989): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235328901200306.

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This study investigated the relationship between self-efficacy as a creative producer and initiation of independent investigations in areas of personal interest. Subjects were 294 students in grades four through eight who were participants in gifted programs based on the Enrichment Triad Model in eight schools. Path analysis was used to test the influence of grade, sex, years in the gifted program, previous independent projects, self-efficacy as a creative producer before and after a research methodology mini-course, and initiation of an independent project on final efficacy scores as a creative producer. The second analysis examined the role of the first six variables and participation in the research methodology mini-course on subsequent initiation of an independent project. Self-efficacy as a creative producer was a significant predictor of initiation of independent projects and final self-efficacy as a creative producer was higher for students who participated in such projects. The effect of treatment on self-efficacy as a creative producer or subsequent initiation of independent projects was not significant for students who had not started an independent project before the mini-course began, when considered with the other variables in the causal model.

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Johansen, Katrine Schepelern. "Treatment of Dual Diagnosis in Denmark." Qualitative Studies 5, no. 2 (December 4, 2018): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/qs.v5i2.104500.

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Treatment for dual diagnosis in Denmark is divided between a medically based psychiatric treatment system and a socially oriented substance use treatment system; consequently, in order to deliver the most effective treatment to people with dual diagnosis, the two need to cooperate. A number of projects have been initiated to try out different models for cooperation, yet, on a larger, societal scale, we have not solved the puzzle of how it can be made to work in practice. My focus in this article is to suggest some reasons why it is so difficult to introduce cooperation between psychiatry and addiction treatment despite the many projects directed explicitly towards this. I suggest that at least part of the answer lies in the unequal power relations between psychiatry and substance use treatment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Treatment projects'

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