Journal articles on the topic 'Travel Health aspects Asia'
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Erovichenkov, А. A., N. Yu Pshenichnaya, A. A. Ishmukhametov, A. V. Gorelov, and V. G. Akimkin. "Travelers' Diarrhea: Resolved and Unresolved Issues." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-118-128.
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Relevance. Travel diarrhea is the most common health problem in travelers, affecting up to 70% of travelers, especially when traveling to developing countries. Research and development of scientific and practical approaches to the prevention, risk assessment and treatment of travelers' diarrhea continues to be the focus of attention of specialists in the field of epidemiology, infectious diseases and travel medicine around the world.Aim of the study: systematization and synthesis of new data on various clinical and epidemiological aspects of travelers' diarrhea.Conclusion. Analysis of modern scientific literature has made it possible to identify the risks for travelers associated with the direction of travel and the state of their own health. The highest risk of developing traveler's diarrhea (from 20% to 90%) is recorded in people visiting the countries of the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and Africa. There is a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea in children under 4 years of age. The causative agents of acute bacterial intestinal infections can account for up to 80% -90% of all cases of travelers' diarrhea. In most cases, travelers' diarrhea is mild. Seeking medical care is observed from 5% to 15% of cases. For etiotropic therapy, the use of azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and other drugs is recommended. Recommendations for self-management of traveler's diarrhea have been formulated. Pre-trip travel advice will help reduce the risks of travelers' diarrhea.
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TURNER, LEIGH. "Commercial Organ Transplantation in the Philippines." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 18, no. 2 (April 2009): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180109090318.
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Countries throughout Asia promote themselves as leading destinations for international travelers seeking inexpensive healthcare. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, and Thailand are all trying to attract greater numbers of what their promotional campaigns call “medical tourists.” Government tourism initiatives, hospital associations, medical tourism companies, and individual hospitals advertise hip and knee replacements, spinal surgery, cosmetic surgery, and other medical procedures. In contrast to most nations marketing treatments to international patients, the Philippines differentiates itself by selling “all inclusive” kidney transplant packages. Patients from other countries travel to the Philippines and receive kidneys purchased from poor individuals.
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Szlachciuk, Julita, Olena Kulykovets, Maciej Dębski, Adriana Krawczyk, and Hanna Górska-Warsewicz. "How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Influenced the Tourism Behaviour of International Students in Poland?" Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 11, 2022): 8480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148480.
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Nearly 20 years after the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) epidemic, we are facing another COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism behaviour of international students in Poland. We paid attention to the overall impact of the pandemic on life, travel, choice of tourist destination, tourism activity, ecotourism preference, and health and safety issues. We formulated two research questions: What areas of international student tourism behaviour were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic? What differences in travel behaviour occurred between international students from Europe and Asia? Participants were recruited from universities located in Warsaw between June and September 2020. A total of 806 questionnaires were collected, 87 of which were eliminated due to non-response. The research sample consisted of 719 people. Six factors were identified in the survey results: tourism inclination, impact on tourist destination, hygiene and accommodation, impact on life, impact on tourism, and mode of tourism. Impact on life and impact on tourism were attributed to the general impact dimension; tourism inclination and mode of tourism can be summarized as attitude and preference. Food and accommodation were assigned to hygiene and safety dimensions. In almost all aspects, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s lives was greater for Asian respondents. Asian respondents were more likely to say that they would avoid COVID-19-affected areas when choosing tourist destinations in the future, and avoid travelling to crowded large cities after COVID-19 ended. European survey participants’ responses were more moderate.
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Chaudhary, Reema, Rajiv Chaudhary, Ramesh Chandra Singh, and Ranganath M. Singari. "Issues, Prospects, Opportunities and Challenges of Health Tourism in India." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 3, no. 3 (2015): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.331515.
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Generally, people living in one country, if travel to another country or another region of the same country, for the purpose of getting medical care including surgery, which is not available in their own country or region otherwise, is termed as Medical Tourism or Health Tourism. For this purpose generally people travel from under developed countries to highly developed countries in absence of the facilities in their own country or when getting cheaper and better options in alternative countries. Its popularity is growing fast across the globe, focusing primarily and predominantly on biomedical reasons, combined witourism, if possible. Most of the medical tourists belong to Asian countries, annterestingly these tourists are visiting also to asian countries, whose number increasing very fast every year. In this field mainly four asian countries India, Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia are leading and these are promoting anopularizing medical tourism aggressively. India has great Prospects in the field of Medical Tourism by virtue of its corompetence developed in cardiovascular surgery and organ transplant/surgertc, along with low cost option and great reputation. Apart from generatinmployment opportunities, it will also increase our foreign exchange and causocio-economic development, strengthening our country’s economy. Aparrom the treatment by allopathic system, other Indian systems of medicines, i.e. Ayurveda, Yoga, Panchakarma, Rejuvenation Therapy and Naturopathtc. also have gained great popularity in recent past. The Govt also has takeeveral initiatives through Ministry of Tourism to promote India as a Medicand Health Tourism Destination. Special provisions have been made for thoreign visitors coming to India for their treatment, issuing them a neategory of visa "Medical Visa" for the purpose. Apart from the Government initiatives, most of the private hospitals are alsnvesting heavily, giving a facelift to their medical facilities, realizing thotential for Medical Tourism in India, in order to make them visible to nonly to local elite but also to overseas clients. This paper reviews some kessues, prospects, opportunities, challenges and some other relevant aspects of Medical Tourism with respect to India.
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Portillo, Aránzazu, Ana M. Palomar, Paula Santibáñez, and José A. Oteo. "Epidemiological Aspects of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Western Europe: What about the Future?" Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030649.
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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus), mainly transmitted by ticks, belonging to the genus Orthonairovirus (family Nairoviridae, order Bunyavirales). CCHFV causes a potentially severe, or even fatal, human disease, and it is widely distributed in Africa, Asia, eastern Europe and, more recently, in South-western Europe. Until a few years ago, no cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) had been reported in western Europe, with the exception of several travel-associated cases. In 2010, the CCHFV was reported for the first time in South-western Europe when viral RNA was obtained from Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks collected from deer in Cáceres (Spain). Migratory birds from Africa harboring CCHFV-infected ticks and flying to Spain appear to have contributed to the establishment of the virus (genotype III, Africa-3) in this country. In addition, the recent findings in a patient and in ticks from deer and wild boar of viral sequences similar to those from eastern Europe (genotype V, Europe-1), raise the possibility of the introduction of CCHFV into Spain through the animal trade, although the arrival by bird routes cannot be ruled out (Africa-4 has been also recently detected). The seropositive rates of animals detected in regions of South-western Spain suggest an established cycle of tick-host-tick in certain areas, and the segment reassortment detected in the sequenced virus from one patient evidences a high ability to adaptation of the virus. Different ixodid tick genera can be vectors and reservoirs of the virus, although Hyalomma spp. are particularly relevant for its maintenance. This tick genus is common in Mediterranean region but it is currently spreading to new areas, partly due to the climate change and movement of livestock or wild animals. Although to a lesser extent, travels with our pets (and their ticks) may be also a factor to be considered. As a consequence, the virus is expanding from the Balkan region to Central Europe and, more recently, to Western Europe where different genotypes are circulating. Thus, seven human cases confirmed by molecular methods have been reported in Spain from 2016 to August 2020, three of them with a fatal outcome. A One Health approach is essential for the surveillance of fauna and vector populations to assess the risk for humans and animals. We discuss the risk of CCHFV causing epidemic outbreaks in Western Europe.
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Wang, Feihong, and Marni Shabash. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Students from a Large Online Class." European Journal of Psychology and Educational Research 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2022): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/ejper.3.2.89.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people in multiple dimensions. In addition to the social, physical health, financial, and mental health impacts of the pandemic, many United States (U.S.) college students experienced an abrupt transition to online learning in Spring 2020, resulting in a significant disruption to their learning and life. In this study, we examined COVID-19 impacts as reported by college students enrolled in an online class in Spring 2020 via an extra-credit survey. Participants reported predominantly negative impacts, but positive impacts were also reported. A total of 61 aspects of impact were identified reflecting six major themes: academic, housing and travel related, physical health-related, financial and work-related, social life, and mental health related impacts. We found that females reported significantly more overall negative impacts and significantly more academic and housing/travel related impacts than males. Black students reported significantly fewer positive impacts compared to non-Black students in the sample. Asian students reported significantly more academic impacts than White students. In addition, participants in the fully online degree program had significantly fewer overall impacts and significantly fewer academic impacts than those in the residential degree program. Implications of the findings were discussed.</p>
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Chaudhary, Reema, Rajiv Chaudhary, Ramesh Chandra Singh, and Ranganath M. Singari. "Issues, Prospects, Opportunities and Challenges of Health Tourism in India." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 4, no. 1 (2016): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.411640.
Full textAbstract:
Generally, people living in one country, if travel to another country or another region of the same country, for the purpose of getting medical care including surgery, which is not available in their own country or region otherwise, is termed as Medical Tourism or Health Tourism. For this purpose generally people travel from under developed countries to highly developed countries in absence of the facilities in their own country or when getting cheaper and better options in alternative countries. Its popularity is growing fast across the globe, focusing primarily and predominantly on biomedical reasons, combined with tourism, if possible. Most of the medical tourists belong to Asian countries, and interestingly these tourists are visiting also to asian countries, whose number is increasing very fast every year. In this field mainly four asian countries India, Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia are leading and these are promoting and popularizing medical tourism aggressively. India has great Prospects in the field of Medical Tourism by virtue of its core competence developed in cardiovascular surgery and organ transplant/surgery etc, along with low cost option and great reputation. Apart from generating employment opportunities, it will also increase our foreign exchange and cause socio-economic development, strengthening our country’s economy. Apart from the treatment by allopathic system, other Indian systems of medicines, i.e. Ayurveda, Yoga, Panchakarma, Rejuvenation Therapy and Naturopathy etc. also have gained great popularity in recent past. The Govt also has taken several initiatives through Ministry of Tourism to promote India as a Medical and Health Tourism Destination. Special provisions have been made for the foreign visitors coming to India for their treatment, issuing them a new category of visa "Medical Visa" for the purpose. Apart from the Government initiatives, most of the private hospitals are also investing heavily, giving a facelift to their medical facilities, realizing the potential for Medical Tourism in India, in order to make them visible to not only to local elite but also to overseas clients. This paper reviews some key issues, prospects, opportunities, challenges and some other relevant aspects of Medical Tourism with respect to India.
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Gholizadeh, Pourya, Moussa Sanogo, Amadou Oumarou, Maad Nasser Mohamed, Yacouba Cissoko, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Pasquale Pagliano, et al. "Fighting COVID-19 in the West Africa after experiencing the Ebola epidemic." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 1 (February 7, 2021): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.02.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) dissemination occurred from December 2019 and quickly spread to all countries. Infected patients with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe illness. The most mortality was observed in patients with underlying disease and over 45 years. World statistics have shown that the COVID-19 outbreak is most expanded in Middle Eastern, West Asian, European, North, and South American countries, and is least expanded in African countries. Therefore, the aim of the paper was the evaluation of six African countries including Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Guinea, Togo, and Djibouti to find why this disease is least expanded in African countries. Study was conducted by Questioner for countries health organizers to define their different aspect exposure and fight with COVID-19 including epidemiology, clinical aspects of the disease, case definitions, diagnosis laboratory confirmation, and referral of cases by the portal of entry, case management, and disease prevention in these countries. According to this opinion review, due to the low international flights and low domestic travel, the spread, and prevalence of COVID-19 was low and the return of the immigrants of these countries has caused the spread of COVID-19 among these countries. Experience, preparation, and impact of previous infections epidemic such as the Ebola virus epidemic would have beneficial, which have promoted certain reflexes among people that cause low dissemination in these countries.
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Prolygina, Irina. "On the Role of Research Travel in Medical Education in the 2nd – 3d Centuries AD." Hypothekai 6 (2022): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32880/2587-7127-2022-6-6-17-39.
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The role of travel in obtaining medical education in Antiquity is well known from the texts of the “Hippocratic Corpus”. However, the most valuable evidence about this aspect of the medical profession can be found in the texts by Galen of Pergamum (129-210/217), whose works are the main source of this study. Galen's numerous autobiographical notes allow us not only to trace the routes of his voyages, but to uncover their goals as well. After receiving his initial medical education in Pergamum, Galen travelled to Asia Minor, particularly to Mysia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia, attending lectures of famous physicians and philosophers and studying the local traditions of medicine. After that he spent some years in Alexandria. An analysis of a number of texts allows us to conclude that Alexandria in the 2-3 centuries AD was a center for the study of anatomy and commenting on Hippocrates’ texts. To study medicine in this city was considered a necessary stage in the career of a successful physician and a prerequisite for recognition in the profession. Important evidence should also be noted regarding the existing medical specialization in Alexandria, the features of the local dietetics and medicinal substances. An important stage in Galen's medical career was the theoretical and practical study of surgery at the gladiatorial school of Pergamum, where his knowledge was expanded not only with the rules for suturing, but also with hemostatic and wound healing prescriptions. From his extant works on pharmacology (“De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus”, “De compositione medicamentorum per genera”, “De compositione medicamentorum secundum locos”), we know that Galen also visited a number of places in the Eastern Mediterranean: Thrace, Macedonia, Cyprus and even Palestine. The purpose of these journeys was to observe the local climate that affects human health and causes diseases, to study the peculiar properties of the local herbs and minerals, and to collect medicinal substances for his personal apothecary. According to the evidence preserved in one of his latest works, “De indolentia”, Galen managed to collect one of the richest pharmacopoeias of his time and a unique collection of prescriptions that was destroyed by a fire in Rome in 192.
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Mohamad, Mahadzirah, Nur Izzati Ab Ghani, and Muhamad Nasyat Muhamad Nasir. "THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED VALUE, DESTINATION SERVICE QUALITY, AND TOURIST SATISFACTION ON DESTINATION LOYALTY AMONG INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS VISITING MALAYSIA." Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management 4, no. 16 (September 11, 2019): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jthem.416002.
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The competitive situation and challenges within the tourism industry worldwide entailed a better understanding of destination loyalty’s determinants in achieving Malaysia’s aspiration to retain its international reputation as one of the most desirable tourist destinations in Asia. Literature proved that factors such as perceived value, service quality and tourist satisfaction could influence in improving destination loyalty. In view of this, there is a need to examine the influence of several constructs namely perceived value, service quality and tourist satisfaction that can contribute to the loyalty of international tourists towards Malaysia as it was suggested in the literature review. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to examine the influence of perceived value and service quality on tourist satisfaction, which in turn would influence destination loyalty. In this study, tourist satisfaction was treated as the mediating variable. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling on a sample of 337 foreign tourists selected using a random sampling method. The study was conducted from August 2014 to October 2014. The proposed model achieved acceptable goodness-of-fit. The requirements for reliability and validity were also met. The results of the empirical study indicated that perceived value influenced tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. In addition, the findings revealed that service quality had a significant effect on satisfaction. However, service quality had no significant effect on destination loyalty. Moreover, the findings indicated that tourist satisfaction had a full mediating effect on the relationship between service quality and destination loyalty. The study contributed to a better understanding of behavioral factors that would represent a sustainable source for increasing customer retention at the level of individual providers as well as a destination as a whole. Individual providers should focus on delivering quality services related to accommodation, information and facilities, health and hygiene, and shopping that were associated with the visitor’s travel experience. Aspects of perceived value identified in the study could be used as a strategic tool in managing tourism offerings which could enhance the destination’s competitive edge.
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Kureljusic, Branislav, Vojin Ivetic, Bozidar Savic, Jasna Kureljusic, and Nemanja Jezdimirovic. "Viral hepatitis E: A disease of humans and animals." Veterinarski glasnik 66, no. 5-6 (2012): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1206449k.
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The hepatitis E virus is ubiquitous in all parts of the world where pig production exists. The infection occurs in several animal species and its course is mostly asymptomatic. Viral strains isolated from pigs and humans are genetically similar, which indicates a potential zoonotic nature of the disease, and the possibility that pigs, and perhaps also other species of animals diseased with viral hepatitis E are a source of infection to humans. The pig hepatitis E virus, which is similar to the hepatitis E virus in humans, was isolated and described for the first time in the USA in 1997. The infection of pigs with hepatitis E virus occurs through faeco-oral transmission, by ingestion of feed and water contaminated with the virus, or through direct contact between infected and healthy animals. The pathogenesis of this infection in pigs differs from its pathogenesis in humans and it has not been sufficiently examined in all its aspects. Even though viral hepatitis E in pigs has been described as a subclinical disease, some authors describe changes in the concentration of certain biochemical parameters in blood serum of the infected pigs. Histologically, a mild to moderate lymphotic-plasma cellular infiltration is observed in livers of infected pigs, as well as focal areas of hepatocyte necrosis. Viral hepatitis E is an endemic disease of humans in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. In developed countries, hepatitis E sporadically occurs in humans, but it is becoming of increasing importance in particular in Japan, North America, and Europe, because the populations of these areas travel extensively to the endemic regions or as a result of the consumption of thermally untreated meat of wild boar and products made from thermally untreated meat. Pork products can be contaminated with hepatitis E virus. Further proof that indicates the zoonotic potential of this virus and places this diseases among the group of professional diseases of farmers and veterinarians is the finding of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in farmers and veterinarians who work on pig farms without showing any clinical signs of the disease. Having in mind the fact that viral hepatitis E has been proven in pig farms in Serbia and neighboruign countries, there should be strict respect of biosecutiry measures from the episootiological and epidemiological aspects, and the principle of good production and hygiene practice should be adhered to on pig farms. This disease should in future also be included in the legal regulations of our country in order to ensure the production of products of animal origin that are safe from the aspect of hygiene.
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Niederwieser, Dietger, Helen Baldomero, Yoshiko Atsuta, Mahmoud Aljurf, Adriana Seber, Hildegard T. Greinix, Mickey Koh, et al. "One and Half Million Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants (HSCT). Dissemination, Trends and Potential to Improve Activity By Telemedicine from the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT)." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125232.
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HSCT is the only curative option for many malignant and non-malignant diseases. The WBMT was founded as an umbrella organization of societies involved in cellular therapies with the mission of promoting excellence in HSCT. As a non-governmental organization in official relation with the World Health Organization (WHO), the WBMT assisted in the founding of regional societies (Latin America Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group and African Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group), performs global activity surveys, conducts workshops and provides expert support for programs in evolving countries. In this retrospective evaluation we analyzed worldwide activity trends in HSCT up to the year 2016 and evaluated possibilities of improving availability of HSCT by the use of telemedicine. Methods: HSCT activity was collected annually from member societies, national registries and individual centers including donor type (allogeneic/autologous), stem cell source (bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cells/cord blood) and indications for transplant. Transplant rates (TR) were calculated as HSCT/10 million inhabitants without adjustment for patients transplanted in a country other than that of primary residence. Country team density (TD) was defined as teams/10 million inhabitants. Workshops were organized in a number of locations where there was little or no HSCT activity or where improvement in one or more aspect of local or regional HSCT activity was requested, including Vietnam, Brazil, China, South Africa and Morocco. Other countries were paired with established centers using WBMT affiliated partners. In two countries, a pilot program was established involving a 6 month physician training in a JACIE/FACT accredited center followed by daily telemedicine-guided supervision of clinical activities. Results: From 1957-2016 a total of 1,298,897 HSCT (57.1% autologous) procedures were collected. By the end of 2016, HSCT activity was reported from 87 of the 195 WHO member states. A total of 89,070 HSCT from 1662 centers was reported in 2016. Assuming a frequency of 84,000/year, 1.5 million HSCT will be reached in 2019, only 7 years after the 1 million report in 2012 (Figure 1). The global activity/year increased continuously from 10,000/year in 1991 to 82,718 first HSCT/year in 2016 with a global increase of >7% (7.0% in autologous and 7.8% in allogeneic HSCT). As in previous years, slightly more autologous (53.5%) than allogeneic and more related (53,6%) than unrelated HSCT were reported. The further increase in related HSCT was caused mainly by an increase of non-identical family donors (39.5% of related HSCT). Increase in activities according to regions is given in Figure 2. TR and TD varied according to region and are highest in Nord America with 511.2 TR, followed by Europe with 390.9 TR, Latin America with 63.9 TR, APBMT with 46.2 TR and Africa/EMRO with 32.8 TR. In contrast, TD was highest in Europe (7.5 TD) followed by Nord America (6.0 TD), APBMT (1.9 TD), Latin America (1.9 TD) and Africa/EMRO (0.4 TD). Commonest indications were lymphoproliferative diseases for autologous and leukemia for allogeneic HSCT and continue to rise (Figure 3 autologous and Figure 4 allogeneic HSCT). Graft source were predominantly peripheral blood in autologous (99.7%) and 65% in unrelated HSCT, while umbilical cord blood as a stem cell source (13.8% of all unrelated) declined. More than 150 HSCT were performed in one country and one center without activities using daily telemedicine-guided supervision. In conclusion, the global distribution and activities are increasing continuously by more than 7,0% per year with numbers currently running at app. 90,000/year. Of note is the increase of haploidentical HSCT activity, while the use of umbilical cord blood HSCT continues to decrease. TR data show significant gaps between regions. Supervisory telemedicine is a powerful tool to overcome lack of experience and establish JACIE/FACT compatible new programs with collateral benefits for conventional hematology, blood banking, microbiology and virology. Abbreviations: EUR, Europe; AMR/PHA, America; SEAR/WPR, South-East Asia/Western Pacific; AFR/EMRO, African/Eastern Mediterranean. Disclosures Niederwieser: Daichii: Speakers Bureau; Cellectis: Consultancy. Atsuta:Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd: Honoraria; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; Mochida Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd: Honoraria; Janssen Paharmaceutical K.K.: Honoraria. Worel:Sanofi Genzyme, Malinckrodt Therakos: Research Funding; Jazz, Sanofi, Celgene, Novartis, Malinckrodt Therakos: Honoraria; Sanofi Genzyme, Malinckrodt Therakos: Speakers Bureau. Galeano:Szabo SA: Other: (Equity interest). Novitzky:Astellas, Roche: Consultancy. Szer:Prevail Therapeutics: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; MSD: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Alexion: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Sanofi: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Research Funding. Kröger:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; DKMS: Research Funding; JAZZ: Honoraria; Medac: Honoraria; Neovii: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Riemser: Research Funding; Sanofi-Aventis: Research Funding. Weisdorf:Incyte: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Fate Therapeutics: Consultancy. Pasquini:Amgen: Consultancy; BMS: Research Funding; Medigene: Consultancy; Pfizer: Other: Advisory Board; Novartis: Research Funding; Kit Pharma: Research Funding.
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Waasdorp, Christine E., and Ji Yeon Kim. "Preparing Children for Travel in Asia." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 18, no. 3 (September 2007): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/06-weme-ra-026r2.1.
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Whittaker, A. "Pleasure and pain: Medical travel in Asia." Global Public Health 3, no. 3 (July 2008): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441690701463936.
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Easmon, Charlie. "Health and safety aspects of business travel." Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 122, no. 1 (March 2002): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642400212200104.
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Sommers, Scott. "Travelling through East and South East Asia with John Saboe." East Asian Journal of Popular Culture 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eapc_00055_7.
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John Saboe is one of the leading travel YouTubers on the internet, with dozens of podcasts dealing with a wide range of issues on travel throughout East Asia. His current work, The Far East Travels Podcast (https://fareasttravels.com/), receives thousands or even tens of thousands of views. He has been involved in broadcasting for most of his working life. Beginning in high school, John developed an interest spanning audio podcasts, digital podcasts and publishing a digital magazine, in addition to a background working in traditional radio and TV. He has taught at the Columbia Academy in Vancouver and currently runs training seminars in different aspects of internet broadcasting for customers all around the world.
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Gholi, Ahmad. "Mistranslation of Three Cultural Signs: Rajm, Food, and Tayammum in Vambery’s Travels in Central Asia." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 7, no. 2 (March 3, 2016): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0702.25.
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Translation as a process of domesticating something alien is not restricted solely to linguistic domain; on the contrary, it can be extended to other arenas as well. For example, travel writing as an attempt to tame foreign culture and render it accessible for the audience in home culture, can be considered as a kind of cultural translation. When a travel writer enters into a new context (source culture), he encounters with signs which are radically different from those in his home culture. Hence, the travel writer is burdened to deforeignize hitherto unknown signs to render them familiar and consumable for his audience. Since the travel writer carries his cultural baggage which functions as a cultural filter, his cultural translation cannot be objective and free from cultural mistranslations, and as a result, the current article is going to focus on the cultural mistranslations in Arminius Vambery’s Travel to Central Asia. Thus, it argues that the travel writer in question in his journey to Central Asia which is a semi terra incognita in nineteenth century endeavors to translate the exotic aspects (foreign signs) of Central Asian culture; however, his cultural biases give rise to the cultural mistranslations in areas such as diet and religious punishment like stoning.
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Kapila, Mukesh, Nichole McGarry, Elizabeth Emerson, Sheri Fink, Rodger Doran, Khadija Rejto, and Maria Cristina Profili. "Health Aspects of the Tsunami Disaster in Asia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 6 (December 2005): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002909.
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AbstractThis is a summary of the proceedings of the Conference on the Health Aspects of the Tsunami Disaster in Asia that was convened by the sunami World Health Organization in Phuket, Thailand from 04–06 May 2005. It contains reviews of the experiences of the health sector and early recovery fol following the Earthquake and Tsunami with emphasis onwhat was done well and what could have been done better and the lessons learned that can be incorporated into actions that will mitigate the damage created by future events. It outlines the national and international responses and recovery and the actions taken and not taken by the international community in support of the countries affected. Specific issuesaddressed include: (1) needs assessments; (2) coordi- coordination; (3) filling gaps in essential services, and (4) capacity building at the country level. Each of these aspects is analyzed as to its: (1) appropriateness; (2) adequacy; (3) effectiveness; (4) efficiency; and (5) connectedness.Much of what occurred provided benefits to the stricen population, but there is substantial room for improvement through implementation of the lessons learned. These lessons must be converted into actions in order to mitigate the damagesustained and to enhance our responses to the damage from future
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Igreja, Ricardo Pereira. "Pre-travel health advice for human immunodeficiency virus-infected travelers, from Rio de Janeiro." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 42, no. 3 (June 2009): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822009000300005.
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Counseling for human immunodeficiency virus infected travelers is becoming increasingly specialized. Previous studies have reported the experience of HIV-infected travelers from temperate-climate countries but little is known about HIV-infected travelers from tropical countries. A retrospective study was conducted on HIV-infected travelers presenting at a travel health clinic in Rio de Janeiro. Eleven journeys by ten people were recorded. Brazil (Amazon region and Northeast) was the destination for six journeys. Other destinations were Peru, Angola, Europe and Asia. Nine attendees were undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Few HIV-infected people from Rio de Janeiro consulted a travel medicine specialist before traveling. Since they travel to destinations in Brazil and abroad where there are endemic diseases not encountered in Rio de Janeiro, careful pre-travel planning needs to be undertaken. Strategies for increasing the frequency of pre-travel consultations need to be developed, such as closer collaboration between HIV clinics and travel health clinics.
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Sridhar, Sushmita, Colin Worby, Ryan Bronson, Sarah Turbett, Jason Harris, Edward T. Ryan, Ashlee Earl, and Regina C. LaRocque. "180. Alterations to the Gut Microbiomes and Acquisition of Bacteria Resistance Elements among US International Travelers." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.180.
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Abstract Background This study investigated the impact of international travel on the acquisition and carriage of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We prospectively assessed U.S. international travelers for the acquisition of resistant Enterobacterales species and evaluated changes in travelers’ gut microbiomes. Methods Metagenomic sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from pre- and post-travel stool samples of 273 U.S. international travelers. We used Kraken2 to assess microbial gut composition and analyzed antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) content using the Resistance Gene Identifier (RGI) and ResFinder, and read mapping to ARG databases. We assessed the change in gut profile and resistome associated with (i) all international travel; (ii) travel to specific geographic regions; and (iii) traveler’s diarrhea. Results International travel resulted in a perturbation of the gut microbiome, which was greater in travelers receiving treatment for diarrhea during travel (p = 4E-5). There was an overall loss in microbial diversity following travel, regardless of health outcome (p = 0.011); this was most consistently observed in travelers to South East Asia (SEA) (loss of gut diversity in 81% of SEA travelers). 78% of all travelers had a higher relative abundance of E. coli after travel, including 85% of travelers who acquired AMR bacteria during travel. Travel to South Asia was also associated with a significantly greater increase of E. coli relative to other destinations (p = 0.04). Additionally, the relative abundance of Pasteurellales was higher in the pre-travel samples of those who subsequently acquired AMR bacteria (FDR = 0.08). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in ARG content among the post-travel samples, with regional differences in the magnitude of acquisition (Figure 1). 72% of all travelers had a greater resistance burden post-travel. SEA was associated with the greatest increase in resistome diversity, while South America was associated with the greatest increase in overall ARG content. Resistance genes present in the gut microbiome. Genes mapping to the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database were measured pre- (x-axis) and post-travel (y-axis) to assess the acquisition of resistance genes in association with travel, distinguished by geographic region. Colors indicate geographic regions visited by travelers: South America (red), South East Asia (blue), South Asia (green), Eastern Africa (purple), Southern Africa (orange), Other (grey). Conclusion International travel is associated with a perturbation in the gut microbial community, with the acquisition of AMR bacteria and genes, and an increase in the relative abundance of E. coli. These perturbations following travel may be important factors in the global spread of AMR. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Maulida, Rizka, Erika Ikeda, Tolu Oni, and Esther M. F. van Sluijs. "Descriptive epidemiology of the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school in Asia: a cross-sectional study from 31 countries." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (April 2022): e057082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057082.
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ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prevalence of adolescent active travel to school (ATS) across 31 countries and territories in Asia, overall and by age group, sex and body mass index (BMI) category.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting31 Asian countries.Participants152 368 adolescents aged 13–17 years with complete data for age, sex, measured weight and height and active travel to school from 31 Asian countries from the Global School-based student Health Survey (GSHS).Primary outcomeSelf-reported active travel to school categorised into passive (0 days) and active (1–7 days).ResultsOverall prevalence of adolescent ATS in Asia based on random-effect meta-analysis was 55%, ranging from 18% (UAE) to 84% (Myanmar). There was limited subregional variation: 47% in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM), 56% in the South East Asia and 64% in the Western Pacific. Summarised by random-effect meta-analysis, being an older adolescent aged 16 years and older (vs younger age below 16 years: OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.16) was positively associated with ATS. This association was strongest in EM countries. Summarised by random-effect meta-analysis, females (vs males: OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.71 to 0.89) and adolescents with overweight/obesity (vs underweight and normal BMI: OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.99) were less likely to use ATS. Association with sex was strongest in EM countries. Heterogeneity was considerable in all meta-analyses.ConclusionThe prevalence of adolescent ATS in Asia varies substantially. Overall, older and male adolescents, and adolescents with underweight and normal BMI category are more likely to actively travel to school. However, the main contributor to differences in ATS between and within regions remain unknown. Although there is substantial scope for improving ATS rates in Asia, any policy actions and interventions should be cognisant of local built, social and natural environmental contexts that may influence active travel behaviour.
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Neo, Wee Xuan, and Gerard Thomas Flaherty. "Autism Spectrum Disorder and International Travel." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 7, no. 1 (November 24, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijtmgh.2019.01.
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The literature on international travellers with psychiatric disorders is limited. This perspective article highlights various travel-related aspects of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including its aetiological association with maternal migration, the difficulties faced by longterm travelers with autistic children, and the facilitation of international travel for autistic individuals by the travel industry. Depending on the severity of their condition, autistic individuals may find specific aspects of the travel experience particularly distressing. Travel medicine practitioners should be aware of the unique needs of autistic travelers when providing pre-travel health counseling. There is also an onus on the travel industry to facilitate safe and enjoyable travel and remove barriers faced by autistic travellers.
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TURNER, LEIGH. "Transnational Medical Travel." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 22, no. 2 (March 14, 2013): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180112000540.
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Pan-ngum, Wirichada, Tassawan Poomchaichote, Giulia Cuman, Phee-Kheng Cheah, Naomi Waithira, Mavuto Mukaka, Bhensri Naemiratch, et al. "Social, ethical and behavioural aspects of COVID-19." Wellcome Open Research 5 (June 25, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15813.2.
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Introduction: Vaccines and drugs for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 require robust evidence generated from clinical trials before they can be used. Decisions on how to apply non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing and travel restrictions should also be based on evidence. There are some experiential and mathematical modelling data for these interventions, but there is a lack of data on the social, ethical and behavioural aspects of these interventions in the literature. Therefore, our study aims to produce evidence to inform (non-pharmaceutical) interventions such as communications, quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing, travel restrictions and other public health measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study will be conducted in the United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia, Slovenia and Thailand. We propose to conduct 600-1000 quantitative surveys and 25-35 qualitative interviews per country. Data collection will follow the following four themes: (1) Quarantine and self-isolation (2) social distancing and travel restrictions (3) wellbeing and mental health (4) information, misinformation and rumours. In light of limitations of travel and holding in-person meetings, we will primarily use online/remote methods for collecting data. Study participants will be adults who have provided informed consent from different demographic, socio-economic and risk groups. Discussion: At the time of the inception of the study, United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia, Slovenia and Thailand have initiated strict public health measures and varying degrees of “lockdowns” to curb the pandemic. These public health measures will change in the coming weeks and months depending on the number of cases of COVID-19 in the respective countries. The data generated from our study could inform these strategies in real time.
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Rajesh, M. N. "Travel of Bonpo Gods from the Eurasian Borderlands to the Tibetan Culture Area and the Borderlands of North-east India." Kawalu: Journal of Local Culture 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/kawalu.v5i1.1874.
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Abstract
Popular writing has brought about an image of Hindu deities that are seen as a part of Hinduism only and Hinduism is also seen as a religion of the Indian subcontinent. While this may be largely true in many cases, it forces us to look at Hinduism in very Semitic terms as a closed religion. On the contrary we see that there was a considerable travel of gods and goddesses from other religions into Hinduism and vice versa. And thus negates the idea of Hinduism as a closed system. This therefore brings us to the problem of defining Hinduism which is by no means an easy task as there is no agreement on any singular definition. Pre-modern India had more contacts with her neighbours and thus central Asia and south East Asia emerge as some of the main regions where Indian influence is seen in many aspects of life. Even to a casual observer of both central Asia and South East Asia we see that there striking Indian influences in culture, religion and other aspects of life. All of them are not part of the textual literature that has become very nationalistic in the recent past and this tends to also dismiss the earlier writings as western Eurocentric. It is true that there is a great element of eurocentricism in the earlier writings but one point that needs to be highlighted is that these earlier writings also faithfully portrayed many aspects like iconography etc. in a very descriptive manner that focused on the measurements, likeness, colour and other associated characteristics of the statues. Such trends are clearly visible in the writings of Jas Burgess,E.B Havell etc. who were influenced by the dominant paradigm in contemporary Europe of the 1850‟s where the duty of the historian was to just record. Such an approach was informed by the writings of the German philosopher Leopold Von Ranke. Though there are certain value judgments at the end of the chapter, the main narrative is a dry as dust and it is easy to decipher the characteristics or reconstruct the iconographic programme in any shrine and by extension the religious practices. In the modern period , where the dominant forms of anti-colonial struggles led to a writing of nationalist history succeeded by Marxist influenced social histories in many parts of Asia, the identification of the national boundaries and national cultures also extended to religions and many aspects were either muted or totally obliterated in history writing to present a homogenous picture. Thus, we have a picture of Hinduism and Buddhism that fits in with the national narratives. Such a collapse of categories is there in the borderland of India where the cultural boundaries are not clearly marked as also h religious boundaries. One single example that illustrates this assertion is the portrayal of Sri Lanka as a Sinhala Buddhist region with the Tamil regions of Sri Lanka marked off as separate entity and both being largely exclusive. In the Buddhist temples of Sri Lanka, one finds firstly the statue of Ganesha and later the images of Karthikeya and also the god Shani or Saturn. This image of a Buddhist monastery sharply contrasts with the highly buddhistic space of a Sinhala Buddhist temple where non-Buddhist elements are not found.
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Tillier, Anne-Marie. "Aspects of Health Status in Pre-Sedentism Populations of Southwestern Asia." Paléorient, no. 47-1 (October 4, 2021): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/paleorient.873.
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Pan-ngum, Wirichada, Tassawan Poomchaichote, Giulia Cuman, Phee-Kheng Cheah, Naomi Waithira, Mavuto Mukaka, Bhensri Naemiratch, et al. "Social, ethical and behavioural aspects of COVID-19." Wellcome Open Research 5 (May 7, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15813.1.
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Introduction: Vaccines and drugs for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 require robust evidence generated from clinical trials before they can be used. Decisions on how to apply non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing and travel restrictions should also be based on evidence. There are some experiential and mathematical modelling data for these interventions, but there is a lack of data on the social, ethical and behavioural aspects of these interventions in the literature. Therefore, our study aims to produce evidence to inform (non-pharmaceutical) interventions such as communications, quarantine, self-isolation, social distancing, travel restrictions and other public health measures for the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study will be conducted in the United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia and Thailand. We propose to conduct 600-1000 quantitative surveys and 25-35 qualitative interviews per country. Data collection will follow the following four themes: (1) Quarantine and self-isolation (2) social distancing and travel restrictions (3) wellbeing and mental health (4) information, misinformation and rumours. In light of limitations of travel and holding in-person meetings, we will use online/remote methods for collecting data. Study participant will be adults who have provided informed consent from different demographic, socio-economic and risk groups. Discussion: At the time of writing, United Kingdom, Italy, Malaysia and Thailand have initiated strict public health measures and varying degrees of “lockdowns” to curb the pandemic. It is anticipated that these public health measures will continue in some countries (e.g. Italy, Malaysia) or be tightened further in other countries (e.g. Thailand, UK) to control the spread of the disease in the coming weeks and months. The data generated from our study could inform these strategies in real time.
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Tian, Huaiyu, Zhe Sun, Nuno Rodrigues Faria, Jing Yang, Bernard Cazelles, Shanqian Huang, Bo Xu, Qiqi Yang, Oliver G. Pybus, and Bing Xu. "Increasing airline travel may facilitate co-circulation of multiple dengue virus serotypes in Asia." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11, no. 8 (August 3, 2017): e0005694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005694.
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Artini, Widya. "Editor's word." Ophthalmologica Indonesiana 46, no. 2 (August 26, 2020): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35749/journal.v46i2.100080.
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On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced the pandemic status of COVID-19, which by that time had affected more than 118.000 people in more than 114 countries worldwide. The 100-year pandemic cycle has returned. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), as we know it, is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and is highly contagious with no yet effective treatment nor approved vaccine. With an average R0 of 3.3 and as of August 5, 2020, responsible for a total death of 696.147 out of 18.354.342 cases globally, COVID-19 has been wreaking havoc in all aspect of life worldwide. The world is anxiously hopeful for an effective and approved vaccine to put this pandemic to an end.
The World Health Organization holds a crucial role in managing the worldwide impact of this health crisis, which has generated further complex socioeconomic problems, dragging the world on a brink of a global recession. Pandemic knows no geographical boundaries, traversing through international borders and impacting millions of lives along the way, with no clear view of the finish line for now. Indonesia, being one of the most impacted countries, has the highest overall death toll in Southeast Asia with official death number of more than 6.600 (as of August 20) and total cases of more than 153.000. Still, this numbers is most likely to be underestimated considering the testing rate per capita in this country to be among the lowest in the world. During the early course of this pandemic, many countries chose to impose a lockdown policy, imposing borders closure and obliging the people to stay and work from home. Indonesia has chosen a laxer approach of large-scale social restriction (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar or PSBB), implemented by local governments with approval from the Ministry of Health. Most people comply with the restriction, especially in the earlier months, prompting people to stay at home and halting redundant travels throughout the region. School and work are done remotely, business that deemed as inessential were forced to close until just recently. Only the healthcare sector has remained unhinged, even busier for some as more COVID-19 cases are filling up the wards and intensive care units. For other subspecialties, more time is spared as limited worktime in hospitals are imposed, and in the abundance of time during this work-at-home period, this is among the better time to conduct research and write publications.
Studies related to COVID-19 have come up profusely to the surface, in the race to find answers and better understanding of the disease. On the contrary, social restrictions, physical distancing, travel limitations, or the consideration for limiting potential COVID-19 exposure and transmission have created new challenges in studies of other non-COVID19 related matter, leading to extra efforts and additional difficulties in meeting protocol-specified procedures. These restrictions along with COVID-19 health emergency itself, unfortunately have a negative impact in medical research works, especially for clinical trials. Protocols that mandates physical visits from trial participants might face the biggest challenge, as people are more reluctant than ever to visit hospitals to avoid being exposed to COVID-19. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recognized these problems and implied that some protocol modifications may be required, which leads to an unavoidable protocol deviation due to COVID-19 health crisis. Even so, many of these halted clinical trials are crucial for further advancement of medical field, therefore its continuity is essential. Special considerations must be taken to ensure the safety of trial participants while still adhere to good clinical practice (GCP) principles and minimize risks to trial integrity. Special modification for in-site follow up protocol will be needed, and in some circumstances; remote, virtual, non-physical follow up might be considered as a replacement if feasible. The need for modifying existing process is variable, depending on each trial protocol and local situation. Further assessment to consider assessment delay, or protocol changes due to current situation, or withholding further recruitment, or even withdrawing certain participants of the trial should be discussed and carried out accordingly. Involvement of the ethical committee might be needed in each case.
As we continuously evolve to the new normal era, things have not yet returned to normal, posing further challenges for researchers to carry out clinical trials. A huge obstacle that needs to be addressed, but by no means putting an end to our passion of evidence-based medicine. Good publications, in any types of research, will still be needed to improve our knowledge in the medical field. In the limitations of conducting clinical trials, other types of publication might be worth to consider. Case reports, case series, review articles or metanalysis are among the types of publication easier to deliver during this time as we have in this edition. And as the chief editor of this journal, I would like to invite and encourage all of you to keep on writing and share your knowledge with all of us.
Prof. Dr. dr. Widya Artini SpM(K)
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S, Deep, and Vidisha V. "Medical Tourism." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 3, no. 2 (February 2022): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1418.
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Transnational medical travel, widely quoted as medical combines health care with leisure travel. Asia-Pacific is the leading contributor to the global market revenue in medical tourism and the global turnover is expected cross over USD 31.21 billion by 2026. With protracted and expensive visa and medical services patients seek sophisticated but inexpensive healthcare unavailable in their country. These issues are capitalized by many developing and developed countries like Thailand, India, Malaysia and Singapore by the virtue of their marked cost differentials, economical airfare, advanced medical care, favourable health care infrastructures, destination competitiveness, service quality, travel and entertainment facilities, making them a popular medical destination.
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Liew, Chee Hwui, and Gerard Thomas Flaherty. "Pre-travel Health Advice for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 7, no. 3 (August 31, 2019): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijtmgh.2019.18.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among international travellers. Practitioner knowledge of the effects of CVD on international travel is imperative in order to promote a healthy travel experience. This review aimed to explore the available literature on this topic. The PubMed database was accessed to source relevant literature using combinations of relevant keywords as search terms. Articles were restricted to those published in the English language through March 2019. Of 1726 article records retrieved, 73 relevant papers were examined carefully. The results of this narrative review are related to multiple aspects of CVD and travel. The pre-travel consultation should address issues regarding vaccinations, travel insurance, anticoagulation, and medical devices. Additional vaccines to be discussed include influenza, pneumococcal, and hepatitis B. Patients with CVD should be advised of the need to carry a copy of their ECG, prescription(s), and pacemaker manufacturer’s card. Knowledge of the location overseas of automated external defibrillators and awareness of health risks associated with strenuous adventure activities are important for CVD travellers. Medical tourism for patients with CVD is briefly considered. Space tourism is an emerging category of extreme international travel that requires specialized pre-travel preparation. This narrative review article highlights the gaps in the travel medicine literature in relation to CVD. A strong evidence base for most recommendations is lacking. Future scholarly efforts are warranted to facilitate more robust travel recommendations for CVD patients. No qualitative studies to date have described the experiences of international travellers with CVD.
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Bokhary, Hamid, Krisna N. A. Pangesti, Harunor Rashid, Moataz Abd El Ghany, and Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne. "Travel-Related Antimicrobial Resistance: A Systematic Review." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 6, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010011.
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There is increasing evidence that human movement facilitates the global spread of resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. We systematically reviewed the literature on the impact of travel on the dissemination of AMR. We searched the databases Medline, EMBASE and SCOPUS from database inception until the end of June 2019. Of the 3052 titles identified, 2253 articles passed the initial screening, of which 238 met the inclusion criteria. The studies covered 30,060 drug-resistant isolates from 26 identified bacterial species. Most were enteric, accounting for 65% of the identified species and 92% of all documented isolates. High-income countries were more likely to be recipient nations for AMR originating from middle- and low-income countries. The most common origin of travellers with resistant bacteria was Asia, covering 36% of the total isolates. Beta-lactams and quinolones were the most documented drug-resistant organisms, accounting for 35% and 31% of the overall drug resistance, respectively. Medical tourism was twice as likely to be associated with multidrug-resistant organisms than general travel. International travel is a vehicle for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance globally. Health systems should identify recent travellers to ensure that adequate precautions are taken.
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Lewis, Nancy Davis, and Jodi Bailey. "HIV, International Travel and Tourism: Global Issues and Pacific Perspectives." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 6, no. 3 (July 1992): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053959200600309.
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AIDS, like plagues throughout human history, has been blamed repeatedly on foreigners. This has heightened ramifications, from the personal to the geopolitical, in an era of escalating population movement and rapid international travel. By the end of 1990, the World Health Organization had estimated that the total number of AIDS cases worldwide was close to 1.3 million1. Recent estimates suggest that by the year 2000, 38-100 million adults and over 10 million children will have been infected with HIV2. Seventy-five to eighty-five percent of that number will be from the developing world. AIDS has rapidly become pandemic, with wide-ranging consequences for humankind. Human population movement is an important component in the natural history of AIDS. With respect to this, a central consideration is the relationship between AIDS and international travel, especially tourism. In this paper, after reviewing HTV in the Asia-Pacific region, we present the epidemiology of HIV in the Pacific Islands, discuss its impact with particular reference to population movement, and explore some of the specific challenges that the Pacific Island region faces.
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Ghazi, Inam ul Haq. "Women of the Subcontinent." Hawwa 13, no. 1 (May 6, 2015): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341270.
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Recorded Arabic travel logs about Asia in general, and in particular the Subcontinent during the Golden Era, contain interesting narratives about women of the region. This paper surveys narratives by Arab travellers regarding woman and tries to constitute a portrayal that may emerge from their writings. The selected writings for this paper cover 8 centuries (7th to 14th centuries ad) and the Subcontinent including modern-day countries of Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Maldives and Sri Lanka. The picture that emerges from this study depicts various aspects about the women of Sub-Continent during these centuries. The most important aspects are: the role of women in society, their legal status and marriage, descriptions of beauty, women’s festivals, slavery, fashion and dresses for various occasions, and women from different classes, castes and religions. An attempt has been made to compare and contrast these narratives among themselves.
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Kahraman, Mustafa, Irem Yuksel, Elif Beyza Boz, Hasan Ediz Ozbek, Elif Mert, Aybike Reyhanli, Aslihan Sari, et al. "Vaccine Passport Use and Travel Health Status Among Turkish Travelers at an International Airport." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijtmgh.2021.27.
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Introduction: Even though Istanbul is one of the centers of the world’s fastest-growing tourism and travel sector, there are limited statistics on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of travelers from this region regarding travel-related infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine the passengers’ KAP about contagious diseases and contribute to developing new solutions for the problems people face while traveling abroad. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 182 Turkish travelers planning on traveling abroad and applied to the Istanbul Travel Health Center and the Istanbul Airport Health Control Center between January and March 2019. Results: The proportion of carrying a vaccination certificate was statistically higher in those who received healthcare services at international terminals (P=0.002), especially those who had yellow fever (P<0.001) and meningococcal vaccine (P=0.011). More than half of the vaccinated passengers did not carry their vaccination certificates, while around half (53.8%) were traveling to Africa. When compared to travelers flying to Europe, vaccination checks were 6.7 times (95% CI: 2.5-17.9) higher in passengers traveling to Africa, 6.1 times (95% CI: 1.5-24.3) higher in passengers traveling to Asia, and 14.8 times (95% CI: 1.3-164.3) higher in passengers traveling to South America. In addition, the vaccination certificate carrying proportion was significantly higher in those with a travel duration of 15 days or more (P=0.028), those who received health services at international terminals (P=0.002), and those vaccinated (P<0.001). Conclusion: Improved knowledge of travel-related infectious diseases and increased adoption of pre-travel health advice and vaccines are urgently needed among Turkish travelers.
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Agustina, Indriyani Tri, and Rolisda Yosintha. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Hotel Industry In Asian Countries." Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia 14, no. 2 (January 2, 2021): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47608/jki.v14i22020.159-167.
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The spread of Covid-19 has led to a global problem in all aspects of life, including in the tourism sector that directly affects the hotel industry. Asia as a continent with many countries that rely most of their revenue on tourism suffers a severe blow. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of the novel Covid-19 on the hotel industry in Asian countries. Through a descriptive qualitative method, the researchers collected data from journals, research reports, books, government documents, articles, and websites. In analyzing the data, the researchers make a comparison between the Asian continent and other continents such as Europe, America, Africa, and Australia by focusing on the hotel occupancy in those continents. The result shows that the rate of hotel occupancy in Asia dropped by 57% and 63,4 million employees lose their jobs. This condition is mainly caused by the travel ban regulation that is followed by the temporary closure of tourist destinations. The hotel industry in Asia has lost up to US$ 1.041 million due to massive booking cancellations, and employees in this industry are even more severely affected as they have no income to support their life.
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Gottweis, Herbert. "Biopolitics in Asia." New Genetics and Society 28, no. 3 (September 2009): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14636770903162411.
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Choi, Youngjoon, Benjamin Hickerson, Jaewon Lee, Hwabong Lee, and Yeongbae Choe. "Digital Tourism and Wellbeing: Conceptual Framework to Examine Technology Effects of Online Travel Media." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (May 5, 2022): 5639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095639.
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The current pandemic is accelerating the wide-spreading popularity of digital tourism. Given that technology innovation has broadened the horizon of tourist experiences to the realm of virtual environments, this study aims to (re)conceptualize travel experience and develop a theoretical framework to examine media technology effects on virtual travel experience, destination image, and tourists’ well-being. As a conceptual work, this study adopts technological perspectives on online travel media to decompose technology attributes and articulate distinctive effects of technology-centric variables. The proposed framework illustrates five propositions that specify and explain the relationships among technology-centric variables (modality, agency, interactivity, and navigability), three groups of moderators (user-centric, content-centric, and situation-centric variables), virtual travel experience, destination image, and psychological wellbeing. By adopting the variable-centered approach to decompose online travel media, this study provides a new theoretical lens to understand the psychological mechanism of media technology effects in digital tourism. The framework will serve as useful methodological guidelines to conduct experiments to investigate the distinctive effect of a particular affordance or a specific technical feature. The potential benefits of digital tourism to enhance tourists’ wellbeing are discussed by highlighting the environmentally friendly and inclusive aspects.
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Himpens, B. "The Pentalfa project. 2: Profile of participants and economic aspects." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763303321327975.
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A distance continuing medical education programme was established at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven using multipoint videoconferencing via ISDN lines at 384 kbit/s. During each of the first three academic years of the project, two or three periods of eight or nine sessions each were organized (a total of 74 sessions). A questionnaire was given to all participants to determine the profile of the users and the efficiency of the project. Sixty-five per cent of the participants were male. The proportion of female participants was higher at the central location than at the peripheral sites. The mean age of the participants was 37.7 years (SEM 0.3). Male participants were older than female ones. At the central location, the mean age was lower than at the peripheral locations. Nearly 90% of the participants at the peripheral sites said that they saved time by attending a videoconference session. The average time saving per participant at the peripheral locations increased from 99 min in the first year to 145 min in the third year of the project. The time saving was closely related to the distance between the peripheral location and the central location. The global cost per participant at the peripheral locations was 43.7 Euros per hour of broadcasting and the indirect estimated cost-saving was 64 Euros per hour. More than 85% of the participants at the peripheral sites stated that they would no longer travel to Leuven (the central location) for these sessions if they were to be organized in a traditional, face-to-face manner, mostly because of the time required, particularly in road travel.
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Flaherty, Gerard Thomas, Muhammad Haziq Hasnol, and Lokman Hakim Sulaiman. "Better Late Than Never - An Analysis of Last-Minute Travelers Attending a Specialist Travel Medicine Clinic in Ireland." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijtmgh.2019.26.
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Introduction: Last-minute travelers (LMTs) are a vulnerable group, because it may not be possible to adequately vaccinate them against exposure to infectious diseases. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to describe the characteristics of LMTs attending a travel health clinic. Methods: The following data was extracted from records of travelers attending the Tropical Medical Bureau (Galway, Ireland) over a 6-year period with less than 2 weeks remaining before their departure: gender, age, occupation, destination(s), purpose of travel, departure date, travel duration, travel group size, accommodation, past medical history, medications, and vaccination history. Results: Of 7555 traveler records, 1296 (17.2%) were of LMTs, of whom 45 (3.5%) were recurrent LMTs. LMTs were equally likely to be male or female. The mean age of this cohort was 32.2 years. The most common travel destination was Asia, and holiday was the most frequent purpose of travel. The mean interval before departure was 7.54 ± 3.65 days, and the mean travel duration was 7.36 ± 2.3 weeks. The majority (n=454, 35.1%) of LMTs traveled in pairs. Approximately 2 in 5 (n=497, 38.4%) travelers reported a past medical history; over half (n=674, 52.0%) had previously received travel vaccinations. The majority (n=1202, 92.8%) of LMTs were unable to complete a scheduled course of pre-travel vaccines. Conclusion: This study provides insight into the characteristics and travel patterns of LMTs. A large proportion of LMTs have pre-existing medical conditions. Further research should focus on the travel health risk-taking behavior of these individuals.
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Gawthrop, Mary. "Typhoid prevention in travellers: an update." Practice Nursing 32, Sup12 (December 1, 2021): S8—S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2021.32.sup12.s8.
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As international travel restarts during the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, travellers visiting certain regions remain at risk of illnesses such as typhoid and paratyphoid. Both diseases are spread by the faecal–oral route and are predominantly diseases of countries with inadequate sanitation and poor public health resources. Typhoid is endemic in South Asia and parts of South-East Asia, the Middle East, Central and South America and Africa. At-risk travellers need clear guidance on how to prevent infection and should be offered vaccination if recommended for their planned destinations.
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Lim, Bryan Chang Wei, and Gerard Thomas Flaherty. "Leaving Light Footprints – the Importance of Promoting Responsible International Travel." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 6, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijtmgh.2018.18.
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Irresponsible travel has the potential to harm both the traveler and the host destination. The subject of responsible travel is a major focus of the International Society of Travel Medicine, whose Responsible Travel special interest group has been very active in providing leadership for travel medicine practitioners in relation to the protection of local travel destination communities. Healthcare professionals have a responsibility to safeguard the dual interests of travelers and their hosts. This can be achieved by drawing the traveler’s attention to examples of irresponsible tourism during the pre-travel consultation. This perspective article aims to explore various aspects of irresponsible travel, including environmental damage travelers may cause; medical tourism and its impact on both the home and destination health service; voluntourism involving poorly prepared volunteers interacting with vulnerable communities in the host country; and sex tourism, including prostitution and child trafficking. Further research is needed to better understand the attitudes of travelers, travel health professionals, and the travel industry towards responsible tourism and to overcome barriers to its implementation.
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Noviantoko, Putranto Argi. "INDONESIAN PASSPORT AS A REJECTION OF THE MEASUREMENT OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY." Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 2, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v2i1.66.
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A passport is a travel document for every citizen to be able to travel abroad. However, a passport is not just a travel document, but can be an indicator of a country's civilization system whether it is progressing or being or even retreating. Visa politics as an analytical concept to open up a situation in a certain country. This paper wants to explain Indonesia's position in various aspects of contemporary nationality and statehood in order to become an evaluation tool for state development through the power of passports. The passport turns out to be a benchmark for a country's civilization in various aspects such as the domestic economy, domestic security, geo-geography, education and health based on international relations. The power of diplomacy is not sufficient for giving international trust to a country, but the aspects mentioned above can be used as a benchmark for a country's civilization to be trusted in the international community.
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Porter, Gina, and Jeff Turner. "Meeting Young People’s Mobility and Transport Needs: Review and Prospect." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 6193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226193.
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This paper reviews published and grey literature on young people’s daily transport and mobility experiences and potential, with the aim of identifying major research gaps. It draws on literature across a range of disciplines where interest in mobilities has expanded significantly over the last decade (transport studies; social sciences, notably geography and anthropology; health sciences). We focus particularly on young people from poorer households, since poverty and mobility intersect and interact in complex ways and this needs closer attention. Although youth transport issues are set in their global context, the focus on poverty encourages particular attention to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially countries in Africa and Asia. Key themes include education, employment, travel safety and the role of mobile technology. This review demonstrates how young people’s travel experiences, needs and risks are embedded in power relations and vary with gender, age and location. It also points to the scale and range of uncertainties that so many young people now face globally as they negotiate daily mobility (or immobility). Significant research gaps are identified, including the need for more in-depth action research involving young people themselves (especially in Asia), and greater attention to the impact of mobile technologies on travel practices.
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Marwah, Reena, and Sanika Sulochani Ramanayake. "Pandemic-Led Disruptions in Asia: Tracing the Early Economic Impacts on Sri Lanka and Thailand." South Asian Survey 28, no. 1 (March 2021): 172–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971523121995023.
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This study focuses on tracing the early economic impacts of COVID-19. The pandemic has unleashed a global shock impacting all economies in several ways. The lockdowns have brought economic activity to a standstill, with the closure of businesses and halting of travel, trade and commerce. Even as the impact on sensitive sectors as trade, tourism and remittances are already becoming visible, it is imperative to understand how these are impacting economies in Asia. This article studies these impacts on Thailand and Sri Lanka, both of which being wired to the globalised world, are witnessing adverse impacts on earnings through exports and tourism as well as a huge decline in inward remittances. Even as countries beef up their health infrastructure, they also seek to restart international travel and trade. Hence, the role of the state is critical to pull the economies out of the de-globalisation trends that are expected to gain pace in and beyond 2020.
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Collins, Deirdre, and Thomas Riley. "Clostridium difficile in Asia: Opportunities for One Health Management." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 4, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed4010007.
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Clostridium difficile is a ubiquitous spore-forming bacterium which causes toxin-mediated diarrhoea and colitis in people whose gut microflora has been depleted by antimicrobial use, so it is a predominantly healthcare-associated disease. However, there are many One Health implications to C. difficile, given high colonisation rates in food production animals, contamination of outdoor environments by use of contaminated animal manure, increasing incidence of community-associated C. difficile infection (CDI), and demonstration of clonal groups of C. difficile shared between human clinical cases and food animals. In Asia, the epidemiology of CDI is not well understood given poor testing practices in many countries. The growing middle-class populations of Asia are presenting increasing demands for meat, thus production farming, particularly of pigs, chicken and cattle, is rapidly expanding in Asian countries. Few reports on C. difficile colonisation among production animals in Asia exist, but those that do show high prevalence rates, and possible importation of European strains of C. difficile like ribotype 078. This review summarises our current understanding of the One Health aspects of the epidemiology of CDI in Asia.
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McCoy, Amanda J. "POGO Travel Journal: Tenwek Hospital in Bomet, Kenya." Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55275/jposna-2022-0021.
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This article shares the perspective and experience of an early career pediatric orthopaedic surgeon at a mission hospital in Kenya, where she spent nearly her first three years in practice. She shares the reasoning behind her decision to engage in full-time global orthopaedics work as well as some of the logistical aspects of planning for the transition to international practice. Trauma, osteomyelitis, and COVID-19 are focal points of sharing her experience. The role of historical social and political injustice and its contribution to local and global health inequity is explored, emphasizing the importance of simultaneously pursuing global and local health justice.
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Bishwajit, Ghose, Sajeeb Sarker, and Sanni Yaya. "Socio-cultural aspects of gender-based violence and its impacts on women’s health in South Asia." F1000Research 5 (May 5, 2016): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8633.1.
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This review attempts to shed light on the socio-cultural roots of gender-based violence (GBV) and its impact on women's health with a special reference to reproductive health in the context of South Asia. It also identifies the policy and capacity gaps that impede the implementation of gender-related development goals and makes recommendations in light of the ongoing situation. Led by the growing recognition of the pivotal importance of women’s and child’s health in national development processes, the issues surrounding gender-based violence (GBV) are being given increasing prominence in the global public health agenda. However, developing regions such as South Asia and Sub Saharan Africa are lagging far behind in this respect and failing to prioritize and implement gender-related development strategies. South Asian nations in their pursuance of gender-related goals are faced with host of infrastructure issues in financing, policy guidance, implementation and legislation terms. This study highlights the fact that GBV is essentially a socio-cultural issue which calls for developing gender-sensitive social policies and making strategic investment to promote social capital tailored especially to promote a more nuanced view of women’s health and human rights. Method: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched for original and review articles published between January of 2000 to July of 2015. Boolean search was performed to identify suitable articles relating to GBV conducted on South Asia (Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) by using the following search terms: South Asia, GBV, IPV (intimate partner violence), domestic violence, women’s health, reproductive health, risk factors, perpetrator, sexual abuse. Reference lists were searched manually for articles relevant to this study (snowballing). One volunteer from each country included in the study helped in reviewing renowned local media reports and constitutions to gather policy information germane to GBV issues.
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Jansing, Paul J., Audry Morrison, Travis W. Heggie, and Thomas Küpper. "Tropical infections as occupational diseases – labor inspectorate physicians’ aspects of a complex problem." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 15, no. 2 (July 21, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0505.
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<p><b>Background: </b>Occupational physicians work directly with individual employees regarding diseases that has been caused or exacerbated by workplace factors. However, employees are increasingly required to travel for their work, including to tropical countries where they risk exposure to diseases they would not normally encounter at home (i.e., malaria). Such disease/s may also take days to months to incubate before becoming symptomatic, even after their return home, thus delaying and complicating the diagnosis. Proving this was an occupational disease with respective sick leave entitlement or compensation can be challenging. There is a lack of data concerning occupational diseases caused by tropical infections. <p> <b>Material and methods: </b>Employee case records for the period 2003-2008 from the State Institute for Occupational Health and Safety of North-Rhine Westphalia in Germany were analysed and assessed within Germany’s regulatory framework. These records included Germany’s largest industrial zone.<p> <b>Results: </b>From 2003-2008the suspected cases of “tropical diseases and typhus”, categorized as occupational disease “Bk 3104” in Germany, have decreased significantly. A high percentage of the suspected cases was accepted as occupational disease, but persistent or permanent sequelae which conferred an entitlement to compensation were rare. <p><b>Conclusion: </b> There is scope to improve diagnosis and acceptance of tropical diseases as occupational diseases. The most important diseases reported were malaria, amoebiasis, and dengue fever. Comprehensive pre-travel advice and post-travel follow-ups by physicians trained in travel and occupational health medicine should be mandatory. Data indicate that there is a lack of knowledge on how to prevent infectious disease abroad.
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Zakynthinos, George, Theodoros Varzakas, and Dimitrios Petsios. "Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides) Lipids and their Functionality on Health Aspects." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 4, no. 3 (November 24, 2016): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.4.3.04.
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Hippophae rhamnoides, also named as Sea Buckthorn(SB) is a spiny bush with long and narrow leaves, and orange yellow berries. It is native to Europe and mainly to Asia. The leaves, fruits and the seeds of sea bucHippophae rhamnoides, also named as Sea Buckthorn(SB) is a spiny bush with long and narrow leaves, and orange yellow berries. It is native to Europe and mainly to Asia. The leaves, fruits and the seeds of sea buckthorn contain many bioactive compounds. These compounds are various natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, tocopherols, carotenoids, flavonoids, whereas besides them all we can find macronutrients such as proteins, lipids (mainly unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols), vitamins (especially vitamin C), minerals, small amounts of sugars and organic acids . The present review focuses on the functionality of SB lipids and refers to those studies that suggest the sea buckthorn could have various beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, insulin and glucose response, renal health, hepatic health, Gastric health, epidermis health, cancer, ophthalmologic health and oxidative stress and toxicity.kthorn contain many bioactive compounds. These compounds are various natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, tocopherols, carotenoids, flavonoids, whereas besides them all we can find macronutrients such as proteins, lipids (mainly unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols), vitamins (especially vitamin C), minerals, small amounts of sugars and organic acids . The present review focuses on the functionality of SB lipids and refers to those studies that suggest the sea buckthorn could have various beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, insulin and glucose response, renal health, hepatic health, Gastric health, epidermis health, cancer, ophthalmologic health and oxidative stress and toxicity.