Journal articles on the topic 'Trauma'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Trauma.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Trauma.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Mladenović, Nataša. "Traumas in childhood: War trauma." Zbornik radova Uciteljskog fakulteta Prizren-Leposavic, no. 13 (2019): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrufpl1913123m.
Full text
2
Siaurusaitis, Benjaminas, Kęstutis Trainavičius, Gintarė Breivienė, Andrius Čekuolis, and Arūnas Strumila. "Vaikų uždaros pilvo traumos: diagnostika ir gydymas." Lietuvos chirurgija 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2004.2.2371.
Full textAbstract:
Benjaminas Siaurusaitis, Kęstutis Trainavičius, Gintarė Breivienė, Andrius Čekuolis, Arūnas StrumilaVilniaus universiteto Vaikų ligoninė ir Vaikų ligų klinikaSantariškių g. 7, LT-08406 VilniusEl paštas: gintas.posiunas@rvuvl.vu.lt Įvadas / tikslas Dauguma vaikų uždarų pilvo traumų pastaraisiais metais išgydoma konservatyviai. Darbo tikslas – apžvelgti šių traumų gydymo taktiką per 25 metus ir jo rezultatus. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyviai analizuota 1979–2003 metais gydytų 1139 vaikų uždarų pilvo traumų priežastys, sužalojimų klinikiniai ir tyrimų duomenys, gydymo metodai ir rezultatai. Rezultatai Vaikų uždaros pilvo traumos dažniausiai įvyksta dėl buitinių traumų ir autoįvykių. Daugėja smurtinių traumų. Dažniausiai sužalojama blužnis (174 ligoniai, 15,3% visų traumų). Kepenų sužalojimai nustatyti 42 ligoniams (3,7%). Dėl tikslesnės diagnostikos per pastaruosius 5 metus šių pažeidimų gydymo taktika tapo konservatyvesnė: neoperuojant išgydyti 39 iš 47 blužnies traumą patyrusių vaikų (83,0%) ir 10 iš 12 kepenų traumą patyrusių vaikų (83,3%). Vaikų ertminių pilvo organų sužalojimai reti: 36 ligoniai (3,2%). Visi kasos, dvylikapirštės žarnos traumas patyrę ligoniai buvo operuoti. Jie pasveiko. 865 ligoniams (75,9%) diagnozuotas tik pilvo sumušimas. Mirė 3 ligoniai (0,3%). Išvados Nauji šiuolaikiniai tyrimo metodai – echoskopija, kompiuterinė tomografija – labai pakeitė vaikų uždarų pilvo traumų gydymo taktiką. Dėl tikslesnės diagnostikos daugumą blužnies, kepenų, kasos sužalojimų galima išgydyti konservatyviai. Operuojama besitęsiant ar atsinaujinus kraujavimui ir esant nestabiliai hemodinamikai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: vaikų uždaros pilvo traumos, pilvo organų sužalojimai, diagnostika, chirurginio gydymo taktika Blunt abdomen injury in children: diagnosis and treatment Benjaminas Siaurusaitis, Kęstutis Trainavičius, Gintarė Breivienė, Andrius Čekuolis, Arūnas Strumila Background / objective The large majority of children with blunt abdomen trauma are treated non-operatively. The aim of our study was to analyze the tactics of treatment of blunt abdomen trauma and the results of 25 years. Patients and methods The retrospective study of 1139 patients treated in our clinic between 1979 and 2003 has been undertaken. Causes of trauma, clinical and diagnostic data, methods of treatment and results were analyzed. Results The most common causes of injuries were conditions of life and motor vehicle accidents, but violent traumas were also frequent. Spleen injury was the most frequent blunt trauma (174 patients, 15.3%). Hepatic trauma was diagnosed in 42 patients (3.7%). The diagnosis was made clinically and confirmed by sonography. The background for non-operative treatment was the precise diagnostics including CT-scan: in the last 5 years 83% of spleen (39 patients) and liver (10 patients) injuries were treated non-operatively. All 36 patients (3.2%) with intestinal injuries were operated on. Injuries of the retroperitoneal organs (duodenum, pancreas) were rare. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT. All patients were operated on and recovered. The large majority of patients (865 patients, 75.9%) underwent only abdomen contusion. There were 3 deaths (0.3%). Conclusions New diagnostic modalities, sonography and CT-scan, changed the management of patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Most patients with liver and spleen blunt injuries are treated non-operatively. Operative treatment is indicated if there are signs of continuing bleeding and patients are hemodinamically unstable. Keywords: blunt abdomen injury in children, intraabdominal injuries, diagnosis, tactics of surgical treatment
3
Antipovienė, Austė, Kristina Saldūnaitė, Ingrida Vasiliauskienė, Vilija Andruškevičienė, and Eglė Aida Bendoraitienė. "DANTŲ TRAUMOS: PRIEŽASTYS, DIAGNOSTIKA, GALIMI PADARINIAI." Health Sciences 30, no. 5 (September 21, 2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35988/sm-hs.2020.105.
Full textAbstract:
Dantų traumos yra aktuali sveikatos problema, nes didžioji jų dalis įvyksta vaikams, paaugliams ar jauniems žmonėms iki 20 metų. Įvykus dantų traumai, beveik visada reikalinga skubi pagalba, turi būti sudaromas optimalus gydymo planas ir vykdomas ilgalaikis traumuotų dantų stebėjimas dėl galimų komplikacijų. Tyrimo tikslas − atlikti mokslinės literatūros analizę apie dantų traumų priežastis, diagnostiką, skubią pagalbą, komplikacijas. Metodika. Atlikta elektroninė literatūros paieška PMC ir PubMed duomenų bazėse, anglų kalba, naudojant šias raktažodžių kombinacijas: dental trauma (or) traumatic dental injury, dental trauma (or) traumatic dental injury etiology, dental trauma (or) traumatic dental injury urgent help, dental trauma (or) traumatic dental injury complications. Rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad dažniausiai pasitaikančios dantų traumų priežastys yra griuvimas, sportinė veikla, važiavimas dviračiu, eismo įvykiai. Pastoviųjų dantų traumos patiriamos dažniau, būdingesnės berniukams. Išsamus ištyrimas reikalingas ne tik diagnozės nustatymui, bet ir tolimesniam stebėjimui. Išvados. Dantų traumos priklauso odontologinėms būklėms, kurioms esant reikalinga neatidėliotina pagalba. Dantų traumų komplikacijos gali būti tiek ankstyvosios, tiek vėlyvosios, todėl būtinas ilgalaikis stebėjimas.
4
Stolleis, Michael. "Traum und Trauma." Rechtsgeschichte - Legal History 2004, no. 05 (2004): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/rg05/272-273.
Full text
5
Yoo, Hyun-Joo. "Telling Trauma: Studies in Trauma Theories." Institute of British and American Studies 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 59–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25093/ibas.2022.55.59.
Full textAbstract:
Most literary trauma scholars have depended exclusively on the psychological theory of trauma, which was developed by Freud, and have interpreted trauma, from a homogenous and one-dimensional perspective, as unrepresentable, inherently pathological, timeless, repetitious, unknowable, and unspeakable. This traditional interpretation has served as a dominant, popular model of trauma. However, expanding beyond traditional, essentialist concepts of identity, experience, and remembering, trauma scholars are producing alternative, pluralistic theories of trauma. Given this, this paper first will introduce the traditional psychological model of trauma. To deepen and enrich the discussion of trauma beyond that of the disease-driven paradigm based on pathological essentialism, it will also introduce more recent, detailed, and sophisticated trauma theories. This study is expected to help us better understand the multifaceted functions and effects of traumatic experiences occurring at both the personal and the societal levels.
6
Gornostai, Pavlo. "Collective trauma as a complex social situation: A system-conceptual analysis." SCIENTIFIC STUDIOS ON SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 51, no. 48 (January 10, 2022): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.61727/sssppj/2.2021.100.
Full textAbstract:
The article is dedicated to the system-conceptual analysis of a very complex and multifaceted problem of collective traumas. Collective trauma can be interpreted as the destruction of sociopsychological structures and values of the group, which requires rehabilitative measures, as the experience that the group gets and endures during a traumatic event, and as a crisis that becomes a turning point in the development when posttraumatic growth resources are used. Among studied mechanisms for the formation and spread of collective trauma, we can name information traumatizing, a mandatory component of all collective traumas, and posttraumatic stress disorder, which spreads in the population mainly due to secondary traumatic stress. The scientific literature also considers the concept of «posttraumatic slave syndrome» as a multigenerational trauma experienced by enslaved Africans and their descendants. There are several concepts related to collective trauma, describing various aspects of its formation and functioning: social trauma, historical trauma, cultural trauma, national trauma, racial trauma, transgenerational trauma. The extensive categorical-conceptual apparatus of the problem of collective traumas covers a wide range of phenomena that describe the origin, development, spread of traumas in social groups, the consequences of traumatizing. Collective (historical) traumas lead to the deformation or destruction of group values, boundaries, identity, and historical memory. During traumatizing, passing trauma by group, and the healing process, group experiences play an essential role. Collective trauma is very closely linked to the functioning of the group consciousness and the group unconscious. The experience of untreated collective trauma tends to be repressed into group unconscious and has a complex effect on the further life of the group. One form of group unconsciousness that reflects collective trauma is group mythology, which is also essential in transforming trauma into a nontraumatic narrative
7
Długosz, Piotr. "Trauma transformacji w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej." Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 95–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2019.1.6.
Full textAbstract:
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań nad traumą społeczno-kulturową w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej. Do weryfikacji teorii traumy zostały wykorzystane reprezentatywne dane sondażowe z Białorusi, Bułgarii, Węgier, Rumunii, Polski, Rosji i Ukrainy. Prowadzone analizy pokazały, że społeczeństwo postkomunistyczne negatywnie oceniło zmiany systemu gospodarczego i politycznego. Źródłem traumy był spadek poziomu życia oraz wzrost przestępczości. Respondenci uważali, że w wyniku transformacji stracili na zmianach i pod wpływem powstałej traumy pesymistycznie oceniali przyszłość. Rekcją na pojawiającą się traumę była nostalgia za socjalizmem i bezpieczeństwem społecznym przezeń oferowanym. Czynnikami łagodzącymi szok w społeczeństwie postkomunistycznym było wykształcenie, młodszy wiek i orientacja proeuropejska.
8
Isobel, Sophie, Melinda Goodyear, and Kim Foster. "Psychological Trauma in the Context of Familial Relationships: A Concept Analysis." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 20, no. 4 (August 21, 2017): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838017726424.
Full textAbstract:
Many forms of psychological trauma are known to develop interpersonally within important relationships, particularly familial. Within the varying theoretical constructs of psychological traumas, and distinct from the processes of diagnosis, there is a need to refine the scope and definitions of psychological traumas that occur within important familial relationships to ensure a cohesive evidence base and fidelity of the concept in application to practice. This review used a philosophical inquiry methodology of concept analysis to identify the definitions, antecedents, characteristics, and consequences of the varying conceptualizations of psychological trauma occurring within important relationships. Interactions between concepts of interpersonal trauma, relational trauma, betrayal trauma, attachment trauma, developmental trauma, complex trauma, cumulative trauma, and intergenerational trauma are presented. Understanding of the discrete forms and pathways of transmission of psychological trauma between individuals, including transgenerationally within families, creates opportunities for prevention and early intervention within trauma-focused practice. This review found that concepts of psychological trauma occurring within familial relationships are not exclusive of each other but overlap in their encompassment of events and circumstances as well as the effect on individuals of events in the short term and long term. These traumas develop and are transmitted in the space between people, both purposefully and incidentally, and have particularly profound effects when they involve a dependent infant or child. Linguistic and conceptual clarity is paramount for trauma research and practice.
9
Preikšaitis, Aidanas, and Saulius Ročka. "Ligoninėje gydytos galvos smegenų traumos epidemiologija Vilniuje ir Vilniaus krašte." Lietuvos chirurgija 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2007.1.2243.
Full textAbstract:
Aidanas Preikšaitis, Saulius RočkaVilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetas, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21, LT-03101 VilniusVilniaus universiteto Neurologijos ir neurochirurgijos klinikos Neurochirurgijos skyrius,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: danas911@gmail.com; ross@aiva.lt Įvadas / tikslas Pasaulyje galvos trauma patiriama kas penkiolika sekundžių, kas dvylika minučių nuo jos miršta žmogus. Daugiausia asmenų iki 40 metų miršta dėl išorinių priežasčių, tarp jų ir įvairių traumų. Mirtys dėl galvos smegenų traumų sudaro apie 30% visų trauminių mirčių. Ši studija buvo suplanuota dėl to, kad epidemiologinė galvos smegenų traumos situacija mūsų krašte yra neaiški. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyvusis tyrimas atliktas Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinėje ligoninėje. Buvo ištirta 622 dėl galvos smegenų traumos hospitalizuotų pacientų. Duomenys buvo renkami į asmeninį kompiuterį ir apdoroti naudojant "MS office Excel 2003" ir "SPSS 10" programas. Rezultatai Vyrai galvos smegenų traumą patiria vidutiniškai tris kartus dažniau negu moterys. 20–59 metų žmonės sudarė 72,5%. Dažniausios galvos smegenų traumos priežastys: kritimai (40,7%), eismo nelaimės (20,5%) ir smurtiniai sužalojimai (19%). Lengvų galvos smegenų traumų (pagal Glasgow komų skalę (GKS) 13–15 balų) pasitaikė 67,8% atvejų, vidutinio sunkumo (GKS 9–12 balų) buvo 15,2%, o sunkių galvos smegenų traumų (GKS < 8 balai) – 17%. Remiantis radiologiniais duomenimis dažniausiai buvo diagnozuojama subduralinė kraujosruva (29,1%), kiek rečiau – trauminė subarachnoidinė kraujosruva (19,5%). Net 86,4% baigtis buvo gera (pagal Glasgow baigčių skalę 4–5 balai), 6,4% pacientų, patyrusių galvos smegenų traumą, neišgyveno. Išvados Galvos smegenų traumą reikšmingai dažniau patiria 20–59 metų vyrai. Dažniausia traumos priežastis – kritimai. Vilniaus ligoninėse dažniausiai gydomi pacientai, patyrę lengvą galvos smegenų traumą (GKS 15–13 balų). Net trys ketvirtadaliai baigčių yra labai geros. Pusė žmonių, patyrusių sunkią galvos traumą (GKS 3 balai), neišgyvena. Pasitvirtino ankstyvieji galvos smegenų traumos prognoziniai veiksniai: atvykimo GKS, amžius, vyzdžių skersmuo ir jų reakcija į šviesą, pakitimai galvos kompiuterinėje tomogramoje. Vilniaus ligoninėje hospitalizuojama santykinai daugiau lengvą galvos smegenų traumą patyrusių pacientų negu kitose pasaulio klinikose. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: galvos trauma, galvos smegenų trauma, neurochirurgija, epidemiologija The epidemiology of in-hospital-treated brain traumas in Vilnius city and region AIDANAS PREIKŠAITIS, SAULIUS ROČKAVilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, M. K. Čiurlionio str. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, LithuaniaVilnius University, Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery,Šiltnamių str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: danas911@gmail.com; ross@aiva.lt Background / objective Every fifteen seconds a head injury happens in the world, and every twelve minutes it causes a death. Most individuals younger than 40 years die due to external causes including different traumas. Deaths caused by traumatic brain injury comprise about 30% of all traumatic deaths. This study has been planned because of the unclear epidemiology of traumatic brain injuries in our country. Patients and methods A retrospective study was carried out at Vilnius University Emergency Hospital. 622 hospitalized traumatic brain injury patients were enrolled in the study. The data were stored in a personal computer and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS 10 statistical package. Results The male gender was dominant among the brain-injured. 72.5% of these patients were 20–59 years of age. Most frequent causes of traumatic brain injuries were falls (40.7%), traffic accidents (20.5%) and assaults (19%). Mild traumatic brain injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 13–15) were proved in 67.8%, moderate (GCS 9–12) in 15.2% and severe (GCS < 8) – in 17.0% of cases. Radiological evaluation revealed subdural hemorrhage in 29.1% and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage in 19.5% of victims. Good outcomes (according to GOS 4–5) were reGBStered in 86.4% patients, 6.4% patients did not survive. Conclusions Traumatic brain injuries in males were three times more frequent than in females. The age group of 20–59 years was prevalent. The most frequent cause of trauma was fall. Mild traumatic brain injuries (GCS 15–13) prevailed in Vilnius among the in-hospital patients. Three quarters of the outcomes were very good. Half of the patients brought in with three-point coma did not survive. The following early prognostic factors of traumatic brain injury were approved: GCS score, age, pupils diameter and light reflex, CT features. It was established that hospitalization of mild traumatic brain injuries in Lithuania was more frequent than in neurosurgical departments of other countries. Keywords: head injury, traumatic brain injury, neurosurgery, epidemiology
10
Kobylska, Dominika. "„Trauma bez traumy”: współczesne przeżywanie traum na podstawie wybranych opowiadań Alda Novego." Świat i Słowo 38 (2022): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.53052/17313317.2022.19.
Full text
11
Khachaturyan, S. Dzh, and M. N. Abdurasulova. "The dependence of the nature of the crime to the type of trauma the perpetrator (for example, minors convicted of violent crimes)." Psychology and Law 7, no. 2 (2017): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017060205.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to psychological correction of juvenile offenders for violent crimes. The authors, based on the fundamentals polygeneration system of traumatology, hypothesize about the presence of a family history of juvenile offenders system traumas. The study was conducted in PKU Nakhodka educational colony GUFSIN Russia for the Primorye territory in January-February 2017. The study involved 23 minors convicted of violent crimes. All system traumas are divided into four types: existential trauma, trauma of losses, trauma of relationship and trauma family system. Conclusions about what the nature of the offence depends on the depth and type of traumatization of the perpetrator and his family system. All examined juvenile offenders are themselves victims of traumatic events in their own families. The main types of trauma from sex offenders are trauma of losses and trauma of relationship. Family convicted of murder filled with existential trauma, trauma of relationship and trauma family system. Convicted of intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm had an average degree of trauma. There are all kinds of trauma in their experience, with a predominance of existential trauma. Offered the main directions of psychological adjustment to each category of prisoners.
12
Kysely, Hanna. "Trauma ≠ Trauma." Schmerz.Therapie 5, no. 03 (July 2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1798-4750.
Full text
13
Merino, Ana. "Trauma / Trauma." Sirena: poesia, arte y critica 2008, no. 1 (2008): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sir.2008.0029.
Full text
14
Abalikšta, Tomas, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, and Raimundas Lunevičius. "Blužnies sužalojimai dėl uždaros pilvo traumos." Lietuvos chirurgija 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2007.3.2238.
Full textAbstract:
Tomas Abalikšta, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Vilniaus universiteto Bendrosios chirurgijos centras;Gastroenterologijos, nefrologijos ir chirurgijos klinika,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-04130 VilniusEl paštas: aee703@hotmail.com Tikslas Išanalizuoti pagrindines uždarų pilvo traumų, kai sužalojama blužnis, priežastis, pasiskirstymą pagal ligonių amžių, lytį, organo pažeidimo laipsnį. Apžvelgti ir palyginti taikytus operacinio ir konservatyvaus gydymo metodus, gulėjimo stacionare laiką ir komplikacijas. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyviai išanalizuotos 154 pacientų, gydytų Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės (VGPUL) chirurgijos skyriuose nuo 1996 m. sausio 1 d. iki 2005 m. gruodžio 31 d. dėl blužnies sužalojimo po uždaros pilvo traumos, ligos istorijos. Rezultatai Per minėtą laikotarpį dėl blužnies sužalojimo po uždaros pilvo traumos gydyta 113 vyrų ir 41 moteris. Izoliuota blužnies trauma pasitaikė 108 atvejais (70%), o 46 atvejais (30%) kartu buvo ir kitų organų pažeidimas, dažnai dauginis (poli-trauma). Pagrindinės traumos priežastys: eismo įvykiai – 34%, smurtiniai sužalojimai – 29%, griuvimai – 10%, kritimai iš aukščio – 8%, kitos ar nežinomos priežastys – 8%, traumą neigė 11% pacientų. Vidutinis pacientų vyrų amžius – 34,2 metų, moterų – 39,7 metų. Pasiskirstymas pagal blužnies pažeidimo laipsnį: I° – 11%, II° – 22%, III° – 40%, IV° – 18%, V° – 9%. Visi 46 politrauminiai ligoniai operuoti skubos tvarka, visiems atlikta splenektomija. Vidutinis gulėjimo laikas – 21,4 dienos. 14 (30%) iš šių ligonių mirė ankstyvu potrauminiu laikotarpiu nuo sunkių gretutinių sužalojimų. Iš 108 ligonių, kuriems buvo izoliuota blužnies trauma, operuoti 96 (89%) ligoniai: 90 ligonių atlikta splenektomija, 6 – susiūta blužnis (vienas iš jų operuotas antrą kartą dėl pasikartojusio kraujavimo, atlikta splenektomija). Vidutinis operuotų ligonių gulėjimo laikas – 9,9 dienos, vėlyvu laikotarpiu 1 ligonis mirė susiformavus podiafragminiam pūliniui ir išsivysčiusius sepsiui. Dvylika (11%) ligonių gydyta konservatyviai. Gulėjimo ligoninėje laikas – 9,6 dienos. Viena konservatyviai gydyta ligonė operuota po 4 mėn. dėl susidariusios blužnies cistos, atlikta splenektomija. Kitų komplikacijų po konservatyvaus gydymo nebuvo. Išvados Pagrindinės blužnies traumų priežastys – eismo įvykiai ir smurtiniai sužalojimai. Vyrams blužnies trauma dažnesnė nei moterims. Dažniausiai nukenčia darbingo amžiaus žmonės. Apie 30% ligonių būna dauginis organų pažeidimas ir su tuo susijęs didelis mirštamumas. Esant izoliuotai blužnies traumai dažniau galima atlikti blužnį išsaugančias operacijas. Konservatyviai sėkmingai išgydyta 12 ligonių, patyrusių izoliuotą blužnies traumą, tačiau kad toks gydymo metodas būtų taikomas plačiau, reikėtų patvirtintų ligonių atrankos kriterijų ir gydymo algoritmų, modernios diagnostikos galimybių aktyviai stebėti ligonį. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: uždara blužnies trauma, splenektomija, konservatyvus gydymas. Blunt splenic injury Tomas Abalikšta, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilnius University Emergency Hospital, Center of General Surgery; Clinic of Gastroenterology,Nephrology and Surgery of Vilnius University, Šiltnamių str. 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: aee703@hotmail.com Objective The objective of our study was to determine the main causes of blunt splenic injuries and their distribution by age, sex and splenic injury grade; to evaluate the operative and conservative management methods applied, to compare the lengh of hospital stay and complications. Methods The records of 154 patients admitted to the Vilnius University Emergency Hospital with blunt splenic injuries in the period from 01 01 1996 to 31 12 2005 were retrospectively analysed. Results During the study period, 113 men and 41 women were admitted to our hospital with blunt splenic injury. In 108 (70%) cases isolated splenic injury was found and concomitant (often multiple or polytrauma) trauma was dignosed in 46 (30%) patients. The main causes of splenic traumas were: traffic accidents 34%, assault 29%, falling down 10%, falling from height 8%, other or unknown causes 8%. 11% of patiens denied traumas. The mean age of men was 34.2 and of women 39.7 years. The distribution by splenic injury grade was: I° – 11%, II° – 22%, III° – 40%, IV° – 18%, V° – 9%. In all 46 polytrauma cases, operative management was applied, splenectomy was performed. The average hospital stay was 21.4 days. 14 (30%) of these patients died in the early post-traumatic period due to heavy concomitant injuries. In the case of isolated splenic injury (n - 108), 96 (89%) patients were operated on: 90 splenectomies and 6 splenorrhaphies were performed. The mean hospital stay of 9.9 days was noted for this group. One patient died in the late postoperative period after subphrenic abscess formation and sepsis. In 12 (11%) cases nonoperative management was applied. The mean hospital stay was 9.6 days. One of these patients was operated on after 4 months due to splenic cyst formation; splenectomy was performed. No other complications after conservative management were noted. Conclusions The main causes of blunt splenic injuries were traffic accidents and assault. Blunt splenic trauma was more common in males. Blunt splenic trauma was most frequent among middle-aged population. Multiple organ injuries and the associated high mortality were present in 30% of cases. In the case of operative treatment of isolated splenic injury, splenic salvage should be preferred. Twelve patients with isolated blunt splenic injuries were successfully treated nonoperatively. Criteria of patient selection for nonoperative treatment and the treatment algorithms should be accepted for a wider usage of this method of management. Keywords: blunt splenic injury, splenectomy, nonoperative management
15
Ramazani, Abolfazl, and Naghmeh Fazlzadeh. "Othello, “Dull Moor” of Cyprus: Reading Racial Trauma and War Trauma." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 19, no. 1 (April 2016): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2016.19.1.30.
Full textAbstract:
In 1980, American Psychiatrists Association announced that trauma is a mental disorder under the term of PTSD. By that time, trauma became a popular field of study for the literary scholars specially literary critics such as Cathy Caruth, as it offered new insights into traditional literary criticism. The increase of psychological and physical violence all over the world, in the last twenty years has made trauma and witness inevitable realities of life. The evident role of “testimony” and “talking cure” had already been demonstrated by scholars such as Sigmund Freud; but then it has become clear that literature can reflect and even cure the unspeakable pains of trauma victims. This article is an attempt to show that Shakespeare‟s Othello is affected by different sorts of unresolved traumas such as racial and war traumas. The writers of this paper have tried to show that the unresolved traumas of a tragic hero can cause tragic ends and affect other characters in the play. The findings of this article might bring about a change in the way we discover and treat the trauma victims. The main conclusion which can be drawn from this research is that not being appropriately heard and diagnosed, Othello, a representative of real racial trauma victims, is bewildered in the clash of knowing and not knowing, between the knowledge of a past event and the inability to understand its frequent reenactments; and this leads to his tragic end.
16
Lewis, Stephanie J., Karestan C. Koenen, Antony Ambler, Louise Arseneault, Avshalom Caspi, Helen L. Fisher, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Andrea Danese. "Unravelling the contribution of complex trauma to psychopathology and cognitive deficits: a cohort study." British Journal of Psychiatry 219, no. 2 (May 11, 2021): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2021.57.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundComplex traumas are traumatic experiences that involve multiple interpersonal threats during childhood or adolescence, such as repeated abuse. These traumas are hypothesised to cause more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function than other non-complex traumas. However, empirical testing has been limited to clinical/convenience samples and cross-sectional designs.AimsTo investigate psychopathology and cognitive function in young people exposed to complex, non-complex or no trauma, from a population-representative longitudinal cohort, and to consider the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities.MethodParticipants were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a population-representative birth cohort of 2232 British children. At age 18 years (93% participation), we assessed lifetime exposure to complex and non-complex trauma, past-year psychopathology and current cognitive function. We also prospectively assessed early childhood vulnerabilities: internalising and externalising symptoms at 5 years of age, IQ at 5 years of age, family history of mental illness, family socioeconomic status and sex.ResultsParticipants exposed to complex trauma had more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function at 18 years of age, compared with both trauma-unexposed participants and those exposed to non-complex trauma. Early childhood vulnerabilities predicted risk of later complex trauma exposure, and largely explained associations of complex trauma with cognitive deficits, but not with psychopathology.ConclusionsBy conflating complex and non-complex traumas, current research and clinical practice underestimate the severity of psychopathology, cognitive deficits and pre-existing vulnerabilities linked with complex trauma. A better understanding of the mental health needs of people exposed to complex trauma could inform the development of new, more effective interventions.
17
Ered, Arielle, and Lauren M. Ellman. "Specificity of Childhood Trauma Type and Attenuated Positive Symptoms in a Non-Clinical Sample." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10 (September 25, 2019): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101537.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Childhood traumatic experiences have been consistently associated with psychosis risk; however, the specificity of childhood trauma type to interview-based attenuated positive psychotic symptoms has not been adequately explored. Further, previous studies examining specificity of trauma to specific positive symptoms have not accounted for co-occurring trauma types, despite evidence of multiple victimization. Methods: We examined the relationship between childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) with type of attenuated positive symptom, as measured by the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) among a non-clinical, young adult sample (n = 130). Linear regressions were conducted to predict each attenuated positive symptom, with all trauma types entered into the model to control for co-occurring traumas. Results: Results indicated that childhood sexual abuse was significantly associated with disorganized communication and childhood emotional neglect was significantly associated with increased suspiciousness/persecutory ideas, above and beyond the effect of other co-occurring traumas. These relationships were significant even after removing individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis (n = 14). Conclusions: Our results suggest that there are differential influences of trauma type on specific positive symptom domains, even in a non-clinical sample. Our results also confirm the importance of controlling for co-occurring trauma types, as results differ when not controlling for multiple traumas.
18
Teli, Bilal A., Samina Bano, and Mohd A. Paul. "Mediation effect of psychological factors on betrayal trauma and physical health symptoms among young adults." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 5 (April 27, 2022): 2163. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20221235.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Betrayal trauma theory postulates abuse perpetrated by a caregiver or someone close to the victim results in worse mental health and physical health problems than abuse perpetrated by a non caregiver. Hence the present study was designed to study the mediation effect of psychological factors on high betrayal trauma and physical health symptoms among young adults.Methods: young adults with history of trauma based on purposive were taken from Delhi. Out of 200 young adults, 100 were high betrayal traumas and 100 were low betrayal traumas with age group ranged from 20-30 years. In order to identify high betrayal trauma and low betrayal trauma the brief betrayal trauma survey, followed by Toronto alexithymia scale, trauma symptom checklist-40, Pennebaker inventory of limbic languidness and socio-demographic data sheet.Results: The present study studied the mediation analyses and found that sexual abuse and sexual problem were mediates the association between high betrayal trauma and physical health problem.Conclusions: The mediation effect by sexual abuse trauma and sexual problem was reported on high betrayal trauma and physical health symptoms It highlights to inform the health professionals about the diverse range of symptoms associated with betrayal trauma and highlights the urgency of immediate intervention of betrayal trauma and helps the health professionals in awareness of connection among betrayal trauma, psychological difficulties, and physical health complaints and make appropriate assessments and referrals.
19
Zago, Thiago Messias, Bruno Monteiro Pereira, Bartolomeu Nascimento, Maria Silveira Carvalho Alves, Thiago Rodrigues Araujo Calderan, and Gustavo Pereira Fraga. "Trauma hepático: uma experiência de 21 anos." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 40, no. 4 (August 2013): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69912013000400011.
Full textAbstract:
OBJETIVO: avaliar os aspectos epidemiológicos, conduta, morbidade e resultados do tratamento trauma hepático. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo de doentes com mais de 13 anos de idade admitidos em um hospital universitário de 1990 a 2010, submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico ou não operatório (TNO). RESULTADOS: foram admitidos 748 pacientes com trauma hepático. O mecanismo de trauma mais frequente foi o trauma penetrante (461 casos; 61,6%). O trauma fechado ocorreu em 287 pacientes (38,4%). De acordo com o grau de lesão hepática (AAST-OIS), no trauma fechado foi observada uma predominância dos graus I e II e no trauma penetrante, uma predominância do grau III. O TNO foi realizado em 25,7% dos pacientes com trauma hepático contuso. Entre os procedimentos cirúrgicos, a sutura foi realizada com maior frequência (41,2%). A morbidade relacionada ao fígado foi 16,7%. A taxa de sobrevida para pacientes com trauma hepático fechado foi 73,5% e no trauma penetrante de 84,2%. A mortalidade no trauma complexo foi 45,9%. CONCLUSÃO: o trauma permanece mais incidente nas populações mais jovens e no sexo masculino. Houve uma redução dos traumas hepáticos penetrantes. O TNO se mostrou seguro e efetivo, e, frequentemente, foi empregado para tratar os pacientes com trauma hepático penetrante. A morbidade foi elevada e a mortalidade foi maior em vítimas de traumas contusos e em lesões hepáticas complexas.
20
Labanauskienė, Jolanta, Haroldas Bernotas, and Benjaminas Siaurusaitis. "Vaikų smurtinių traumų ypatumai." Lietuvos chirurgija 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2007.3.2239.
Full textAbstract:
Jolanta Labanauskienė1, Haroldas Bernotas1, Benjaminas Siaurusaitis21 Vilniaus universiteto Vaikų ligoninė, Santariškių g. 7, LT-08406 Vilnius2 Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Vaikų ligų klinika, Santariškių g. 7, LT-08406 VilniusEl paštas: j.labanauskiene@yahoo.com Įvadas / tikslas Vaikų smurtinės traumos aktualios visame pasaulyje, taip pat ir Lietuvoje. Šių traumų klinikiniai požymiai nėra specifiniai, todėl nesant tikslių anamnezės duomenų šių traumų diagnostika nėra lengva. Šio tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti vaikų smurtinių traumų ypatumus, lyginant jas su atsitiktinėmis traumomis. Metodai Retrospektyviai analizuota vaikų, gydytų Vilniaus universiteto vaikų ligoninėje 2001-2005 metais, medicininiai dokumentai. Tirta po 200 ligonių, gydytų dėl smurtinių ir atsitiktinių traumų stacionare ir po 100 ligonių, gydytų ambulatoriškai. Analizuotos traumų priežastys, padariniai ir sunkumas. Rezultatai Vaikų smurtinių ir atsitiktinių traumų priežastys buvo skirtingos. Smurtinėms traumoms buvo būdingi galvos smegenų sužeidimai (55,5%), nosies kaulų, delnakaulių lūžiai, durtinės bei šautinės žaizdos, dauginiai kūno sumušimai. Jos buvo sunkesnės nei atsitiktinės traumos. Šioms buvo būdingi įvairių kūno vietų sumušimai, žaizdos, nudegimai, pavienių kaulų lūžiai. Išvados Vaikų smurtinių ir atsitiktinių traumų priežastys, sužeidimai ir sunkumas buvo skirtingi. Smurtinės traumos buvo daug sunkesnės pagal klinikinius kriterijus ir pediatrinę traumų skalę. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: vaikų smurtinės ir atsitiktinės traumos, ypatumai Specific features of the child abuse Jolanta Labanauskienė1, Haroldas Bernotas1, Benjaminas Siaurusaitis21 Vilnius University Childrens Hospital, Santariškių str. 7, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania2 Clinic of Childrens Diseases of Vilnius University Medical Faculty,Santariškių str. 7, LT-08406 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: j.labanauskiene@yahoo.com Background / objective Child abuse trauma is a concerning issue worldwide, also in Lithuania. Clinical signs of such traumas are not specific, therefore, in lack of definite anamnestic data, the diagnostics of child abuse traumas is complicated. The purpose of this research is to determine the features of child abuse traumas by comparing them to accidental traumas. Methods A retrospective study of medical documents was carried out with regard to the children treated at Vilnius University Children’s Hospital in 2001–2005. The study included two groups. Each group included 200 in-patients and 100 out-patients with abuse and accidental traumas. The causes, consequences and severity of traumas were analyzed. Results Causes of child abuse traumas differed from those of accidental traumas. Child abuse traumas typically included cerebral affection (55.5% ), broken nasal and metacarpus bones, punctured and gunshot wounds and multiple body bruises. These traumas were more severe than accidental traumas which typically included bruises of different body parts, wounds, burns and single broken bones. Conclusions The causes, consequences and severity of child abuse traumas were different from those of accidental traumas. With regard to clinical criteria and according to the Pediatric Trauma Scale, abuse traumas were much more severe than accidental traumas. Key words: child abuse and accidental injuries, specific features
21
Prot- Klinger, Katarzyna, and Elzbieta Smoleń. "Therapeutic work with transgenerational trauma." Psychoterapia 202, no. 3 (April 4, 2023): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12740/pt/159038.
Full textAbstract:
Praca opisuje, na przykładach klinicznych, jak praca z diadą matka–dziecko, czy też z parą rodzicielską i dzieckiem pozwala na zatrzymanie negatywnego czy traumatycznego przekazu międzygeneracyjnego. Wychodząc od teorii holdingu Winnicotta, przywiązania Bowlby’ego i „martwej matki” Greena opisujemy tworzenie się przekazu transgeneracyjnego. Zajmujemy się przekazem traumy relacyjnej, polegającej na takiej interakcji między rodzicami a dzieckiem, w których figura przywiązania staje się źródłem zagrożenia. Ponieważ trauma transgeneracyjna dotyczy nie tylko pojedynczych osób, ale przede wszystkim relacji między nimi, możemy zaobserwować ją i leczyć też w relacji. Pomocny jest tutaj szczególny rodzaj psychoterapii, określany jako psychoterapia rodzic–niemowlę (ang. parent–infant psychotherapy). Im wcześniej po narodzinach nowego członka rodziny podejmie się taką psychoterapię, tym większa szansa, że uchronimy przed przekazem traumy kolejne pokolenie. Praca nad przerwaniem transgeneracyjnego przekazu traumy poprzez psychoterapię dla rodziców z niemowlętami to praca nad więzią. Ważnymi elementami tej pracy są: wywiad rodzinny i obserwacja. Terapeuta obserwuje zachowanie dziecka, zachowanie rodziców, interakcje pomiędzy dzieckiem i rodzicami, dzieckiem i terapeutą, matką i ojcem, rodzicami i terapeutą. Obserwacji towarzyszy komentarz, dzięki któremu terapeuta pomaga rodzinie znajdować połączenia pomiędzy wnioskami z obserwacji, informacjami z wywiadu rodzinnego, zgłaszanym problemem oraz bieżącymi i przeszłymi wydarzeniami w rodzinie. W ten sposób członkowie rodziny mogą stworzyć nową, nie obarczoną traumą więź.
22
Susimara Braga de Almeida, Amanda Tomazelli, Bárbara Robaskievicz, José Henrique Dias, and Everton Thiago Luz. "Incidência dos traumas dentoalveolares associados a traumas faciais em Joinville (SC): um estudo retrospectivo." RSBO 20, no. 1 (May 26, 2023): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v20i1.2008.
Full textAbstract:
O traumatismo dentoalveolar constitui um fator etiológico responsável pela perda de grande número de dentes e muitas vezes está associado a traumas faciais. O tratamento de urgência é bastante complexo. Assim, uma boa anamnese, um exame clínico detalhado e a solicitação de exames complementares são de extrema importância na instituição de um plano de tratamento rápido e adequado. Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência de traumas dentoalveolares associados a traumas faciais ocorridos no período de três anos no Hospital Municipal São José (grupo 1) e Hospital Infantil Dr. Jeser Amarante Farias (grupo 2), em Joinville (SC). Material e métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da análise dos prontuários de pacientes atendidos no período de janeiro de 2016 a janeiro de 2019. Resultados: No grupo 1, em 85,78% dos casos não ocorreu trauma facial associado a trauma dentoalveolar e em 14,22% houve trauma facial com envolvimento dental. No grupo 2, 100% dos pacientes tiveram trauma facial associado a trauma dentoalveolar. Conclusão: Com base nos resultados encontrados por meio da revisão sistemática de prontuários nos hospitais analisados, conclui-se que os traumas dentoalveolares devem ser considerados tão importantes quanto os traumas faciais nas emergências hospitalares.
23
Klutts, Garrett N., Joe Deloach, Sacha A. McBain, Hanna Jensen, Kevin W. Sexton, Kyle J. Kalkwarf, Saleema Karim, and Avi Bhavaraju. "Increases in Violence and Changes in Trauma Admissions During the COVID Quarantine." American Surgeon 88, no. 3 (November 3, 2021): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00031348211050824.
Full textAbstract:
Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused an abrupt change to societal norms. We anecdotally noticed an increase in penetrating and violent trauma during the period of stay-at-home orders. Studying these changes will allow trauma centers to better prepare for future waves of COVID-19 or other global catastrophes. Methods We queried our institutional database for all level 1 and 2 trauma activations presenting from the scene within our local county from March 18 to May 21, 2020 and matched time periods from 2016 to 2019. Primary outcomes were overall trauma volume, rates of penetrating trauma, rates of violent trauma, and transfusion requirements. Results The number of penetrating and violent traumas at our trauma center during the period of societal quarantine for the COVID-19 pandemic was more than any historical total. During the COVID-19 time period, we saw 39 penetrating traumas, while the mean value for the same time period from 2016 to 2019 was 26 ( P = .03). We saw 45 violent traumas during COVID; the mean value from 2016 to 2019 was 32 ( P = .05). There was also a higher rate of trauma patients requiring transfusion in the COVID cohort (6.7% vs 12.2%). Discussion Societal quarantine increased the number of penetrating and violent traumas, with a concurrent increased percentage of patients transfused. Despite this, there was no change in outcomes. Given the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic, quarantine measures could be re-implemented. Data from this study can help guide expectations and utilization of hospital resources in the future.
24
Agung Nugroho, Tri Sunu, and Kuncoro Adi. "FIVE YEARS CHARACTERISTIC OF URETHRAL TRAUMA IN TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN WEST JAVA FROM 2013-2017." Indonesian Journal of Urology 28, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32421/juri.v28i1.619.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: In this study, we try to describe the characteristics of patients with urethral trauma in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 2013 to 2017. Material & Methods: The data were taken retrospectively from medical records in the Department of Urology with the permission of the ethical committee. The patient characteristics were then classified according to their age, etiology of trauma, location of trauma, grade of trauma, associated trauma, and initial management. Results: The number of trauma cases in Hasan Sadikin Hospital during 2013-2017 was 20.489, 477 of which (2.33%) were urogenital trauma. Of the total urogenital trauma, there were 124 patients with urethral trauma, male patients were more common (84.67%), with an average age of 34.67 (1-82) years. Seventy two patients (58.06%) were iatrogenic trauma (catheter instrumentation 44.35%, circumcision 6.45%, and others 7.25%), and fifty two patients (41.94%) were non-iatrogenic trauma (traffic accident 31.45%, falls from a height 7.25%, and occupational accident 3.22%). In non-iatrogenic trauma group, 40 patients (76.92%) had posterior urethral trauma and 12 patients (23.08%) had anterior urethral trauma. We found 22 (42.31%) of 52 patients with non-iatrogenic trauma were AAST grade I-II and 30 patients (57.69%) were AAST grade III-V. In patients with posterior urethral trauma, 25 patients (62.5%) had pelvic fractures. There were 10 patients (19.23%) who underwent primary endoscopic realignment within the first 72 hours while 30 patients (57.69%) underwent delayed urethroplasty 3 months after trauma, and the rest (23.08%) were treated conservatively. Conclusion: Urethral trauma in males occurs more frequently than in females. with the most common cause were catheter instrumentation (iatrogenic) and traffic accidents (non iatrogenic). Posterior urethral traumas had higher incidence than anterior urethral traumas, which were commonly associated with pelvic fractures.
25
Agar, Anil, Adem Sahin, Orhan Gunes, Deniz Gulabi, and Cemil Erturk. "Seasonal variation in paediatric orthopaedic trauma Patients – A single centre experience from Turkey." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 30, no. 1 (January 2022): 230949902110681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23094990211068146.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose It is known that the incidence of paediatric orthopaedic trauma peaks in the summer months as a result of increased and uncontrolled physical activity. The aim of this study was to review the experience of a single centre with paediatric orthopaedic traumas and determine the relationship between the severity and the variations in the incidence of traumas in relation to the seasons and temperatures during the study period. Materials and Methods A single institutional review of the historical data of all patients aged 0–16 years who presented for orthopaedic trauma between January 2018 and December 2020 in the emergency department of Level 1 tertiary orthopaedic trauma centre was conducted. 65,182 paediatric orthopaedic trauma cases had been retrieved from the hospital data base during the 3 -year study period. We classified the traumas according to the variants of the patients’ and by holidays, seasons, school days and weekends, months and in which part of the body it occurred. Results After excluding the summer vacation, 77% of paediatric orthopaedic trauma patients attended to the hospital on weekdays and 23% on weekends. While it was observed that hot weather had a statistically positive effect on trauma attendance, rainy weather had an negative effect ( p < 0.05). Trauma attendances were found to be statistically higher in summer months, except for injuries that may occur with indoor activities such as metacarpal fracture, phalanx fracture and pulled elbow ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Orthopaedic trauma at a Level 1 tertiary health care trauma center do vary significantly with the weather and are highest in the summer season. Therefore, it should focus more attention on preventive strategies for paediatric trauma in the summer season.
26
Kasiram, Madhubala, and Vusi Khosa. "Trauma counselling." International Social Work 51, no. 2 (March 2008): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872807085860.
Full textAbstract:
English In this article, the authors contend that trauma needs to be viewed not only from an individual and family perspective, but also from a community perspective. This would necessitate the combined use of trauma theory, family therapy theory and community family therapy approaches. French Dans cet article, les auteurs soutiennent que les traumas nécessitent d'être vus non seulement à partir d'une perspective individuelle et familiale mais aussi à partir d'une perspective communautaire. Ceci nécessite l'utilisation combinée de la théorie du trauma, de la théorie de la thérapie familiale et des approches communautaires de la thérapie familiale. Spanish En este artículo, los autores sostienen que el trauma necesita ser visto no sólo desde la perspectiva individual y familiar, sino también desde la perspectiva comunitaria. Esto requeriría del uso combinado de la teoría del trauma, la teoría de la terapia familiar y los acercamientos a la terapia familiar comunitaria.
27
Mollon, Josephine, Emma Knowles, Samuel Mathias, Amanda Rodrigue, Marinka Koenis, Godfrey Pearlson, and David Glahn. "T67. TRAUMA IN AFFECTIVE AND NONAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS: ASSOCIATIONS AND DISSOCIATIONS WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S256—S257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa029.627.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Childhood trauma and cognitive impairment are important risk factors for psychotic disorders. However, the relationship between trauma and psychosis throughout the lifespan, as well as between lifetime trauma and cognitive functioning, remain unclear. Methods Using data from a case-control study of African-American adults with psychotic disorders, we examined childhood and adult trauma, as well as their interaction with cognitive functioning, in adults with affective psychotic disorders (n=101), nonaffective psychotic disorders (n=109), non-psychotic psychiatric disorders (n=105), compared to controls (n=211). Childhood trauma was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), which produces dimensional measures of physical neglect, emotional neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. Adult trauma was measured using the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ), which ascertains the presence of death-, and personal-related traumas throughout adulthood. Cognitive functioning was measured using a comprehensive computerized battery (‘Charlie’, https://github.com/sammosummo/Charlie). Results All three psychiatric groups showed greater childhood trauma compared to controls, but the affective psychosis group showed the most trauma (Cohen d=0.97–1.29, p<0.001), followed by the nonaffective psychosis group (d=0.54–0.72, p<0.001), and then the non-psychotic group (d=0.05–0.16, p<0.04). Despite the fact that childhood trauma was significantly associated with adult trauma (OR=0.67–2.08,p<0.002), only the affective psychosis group showed a significantly increased likelihood of experiencing both death- and personal-related traumas in adulthood (OR=0.86–2.14, p<0.01), while the nonaffective psychosis group showed an increased likelihood of experiencing personal-related traumas (OR=1.00, p=0.003). Significant childhood-trauma-by-group interactions on cognitive functioning showed that greater childhood neglect was associated with better performance in the affective psychosis group on measures of processing speed (d=0.52, p=0.011), social processing (d=0.57, p=0.020), and executive functioning (d=0.50–0.71,p<0.020). A similar pattern emerged in the affective psychosis group with both death- and personal-related adult traumas on measures of processing speed (d=0.67–0.74, p<0.010), memory (d=0.67–0.68, p<0.014), and emotional processing (d=0.79, p=0.008). In the domain of complex reasoning, on the other hand, increased childhood sexual abuse in the affective psychosis group, and personal-related adult traumas in the psychosis group, showed a deleterious effect (d=–0.44, p=0.025; d=–0.65, p=0.010). Discussion Individuals with psychotic disorders, especially affective psychoses, experienced more childhood and adult trauma than controls, and also individuals with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. However, both childhood neglect and adult trauma were associated with better cognitive functioning in the affective psychosis group. One explanation for this seemingly paradoxical finding may be that traumatic experiences in childhood and adulthood lead to increased cognitive vulnerability, as typically seen in psychotic disorders. Thus, individuals who experience more lifetime trauma may follow a different pathway to psychosis, involving less neurodevelopmental impairment, but greater environmental stress, leading to more affective, rather than nonaffective, manifestations of psychosis.
28
MCQUAID, J. R., P. PEDRELLI, M. E. MCCAHILL, and M. B. STEIN. "Reported trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression among primary care patients." Psychological Medicine 31, no. 7 (October 2001): 1249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291701004202.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Trauma is a necessary diagnostic criterion for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the nature of traumas experienced (e.g. assaultive versus non-assaultive) may influence whether any mental disorder will arise. Traumatic experiences may also be associated with other mental disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD). This report examines the relationship of trauma history to the likelihood of full or partial PTSD and MDD. In addition, the study examines the frequency with which assaultive and non-assaultive traumas are reported by patients with full or partial PTSD and MDD.Methods. Three hundred eighty-six primary care patients completed psychiatric symptom measures during their clinic visit. A subset of 132 participants completed a diagnostic interview within 2 weeks following the screening.Results. Most patients reporting traumas did not meet criteria for a mental disorder. Patients reporting traumas were more likely to experience current MDD (27·8%) than current full or partial PTSD (20·0%) although a high percentage of patients with traumas (41·1%) had experienced full or partial PTSD diagnosis in their lifetime. Respondents reporting assaultive events as their most severe trauma, when compared with those whose most severe trauma was non-assaultive, were more likely to have met criteria for either full or partial PTSD in their lifetime, and were more likely to have current MDD.Conclusions. These findings suggest that trauma history is often not associated with psychopathology, and when it is, trauma is often associated with major depression rather than PTSD. The likelihood of psychopathology is increased for individuals reporting assaultive traumas.
29
Antonetti, Megan. "Trauma Upon Trauma." American Journal of Bioethics 22, no. 8 (August 2, 2022): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2022.2089287.
Full text
30
Rolim de Lima, Evilly, Ingridy Michely Gadelha do Nascimento, Anne Caroline de Souza, Ocilma Barros de Quental, and Yuri Charllub Pereira Bezerra. "INDICADORES DE TRAUMAS TORÁCICOS ATENDIDOS PELO SERVIÇO DE ATENDIMENTO MÓVEL DE URGÊNCIA." Revista interdisciplinar em saúde 9, Único (December 10, 2022): 1110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35621/23587490.v9.n1.p1110-1120.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: Devido muitas ocorrências, o trauma torácico é considerado um problema de saúde pública com um alto índice de mortalidade. Sabendo que os traumas torácicos são problemas que precisam ser reparados antes de terem agravos nas vítimas, torna-se um desafio aos sistemas de saúde buscar medidas preventivas para tentar conter as possíveis complicações decorrentes dos acidentes que causam este dano. Nesse sentido, o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) desempenha um papel fundamental nos primeiros socorros a vítima de trauma de tórax de modo a minimizar o tempo de espera no atendimento, buscando assim, reduzir ou evitar possíveis sequelas. OBJETIVO: Conhecer os indicadores de traumas torácicos atendidos pelo SAMU, entre os anos de 2018 a 2022. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, desenvolvida entre os meses de agosto e outubro de 2022, utilizando as bases de dados: BVS, SciELO e MEDLINE. Na busca dos estudos selecionados foram empregadas as palavras-chaves: “Trauma de tórax”, “Serviços Médicos de Emergência”, “Índices de Gravidade do Trauma” e “Traumatismos Torácicos”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos completos disponíveis na integra, em português e inglês, publicados entre 2018 e 2022. Foi utilizado o cruzamento mediante o descritor booleano and. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se como indicadores a idade dos pacientes, no qual os que mais tiveram trauma torácico foi na média de 35 anos, sendo o sexo masculino o mais prevalente e o trauma contuso o mais frequente. Os principais responsáveis pelos traumas foram os acidentes automobilísticos, tendo a fratura de costela como a lesão mais predominante. CONCLUSÃO: O trauma torácico é um dos principais tipos de traumas que são atendidos pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) que desempenha um papel fundamental nos primeiros socorros a vítima de trauma de tórax de modo a minimizar o tempo de espera no atendimento, buscando assim, reduzir ou evitar possíveis sequelas. Palavras-chave: Trauma de tórax. Serviços Médicos de Emergência. Índices de Gravidade do Trauma. Traumatismos Torácicos.
31
Cabrera Sánchez, José. "Lo real del trauma colectivo: una respuesta desde el psicoanálisis a las críticas de la teoría del trauma cultural." Atenea (Concepción), no. 527 (2023): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29393/at527-1rtjc10001.
Full textAbstract:
La utilización de conceptos propios del psicoanálisis ha sido una estrategia muy socorrida en el trabajo académico sobre los llamados traumas colectivos. Una de las razones de la utilización de conceptos psicoanalíticos es que estos permiten una comprensión del colapso de los mecanismos de inscripción y representación que caracteriza a los traumas colectivos. No obstante, desde la perspectiva de la teoría del trauma cultural, se señala que los traumas colectivos son el resultado de complejos y ricos procesos sociales de producción discursiva, lo que implica un cuestionamiento al énfasis psicoanalítico respecto de la irrepresentabilidad de los traumas colectivos. En respuesta a esta crítica propondremos que la teoría del trauma cultural yerra al no reconocer que el carácter irrepresentable y antinarrativo del trauma es precisamente una de las fuerzas motoras del trabajo de construcción discursiva. Finalmente, se señalarán los riesgos de des-historización y des-politización implícitos en la teoría del trauma cultural, dado su acento en la dimensión narrativa de los traumas colectivos, y cuál puede ser el aporte del psicoanálisis para disminuir tales peligros.
32
Bados, Arturo, Lidia Toribio, and Eugeni García-Grau. "Traumatic Events and Tonic Immobility." Spanish Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (November 2008): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600004510.
Full textAbstract:
Tonic immobility is a basic defense strategy which has not been studied in depth in humans. Data suggest that it may be a relatively frequent phenomenon in victims of rape and sexual abuse, but its occurrence has not been systematically explored in other types of trauma. We carried out a retrospective study in a sample of 100 university students to establish whether tonic immobility varies depending on the nature of the worst trauma experienced, defined subjectively by each participant. Immobility was assessed using the Tonic Immobility Scale and traumas were assessed using the modified Traumatic Events Questionnaire. Seventy percent of the sample had experienced trauma of some kind. There were no significant differences in tonic immobility between different types of trauma (e.g., physical abuse, assault or aggression, serious accident), except that the mean tonic immobility score was significantly higher in the group with trauma due to physical/psychological or sexual abuse than in the group with trauma due to receiving news of the mutilation, serious injury, or violent or sudden death of a loved one. We conclude tentatively that tonic immobility may be typical not only of sexual traumas, but of other kinds of directly experienced traumas as well.
33
Homer, Sean. "On the Nature of the Traumatogenic Event." Politička misao 59, no. 4 (December 23, 2022): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.59.4.01.
Full textAbstract:
Historical events, however terrible, are not in and of themselves traumatic. For a trauma to emerge at the level of a collectivity, ‘social crises must become cultural crises’ (Alexander et al., 2004, p. 10). For an historical event to become a cultural trauma, it must be socially mediated and represented, a trauma narrative must be constructed. Consequently, there is always a gap between the traumatogenic event and its representation, this gap creates the space for the ‘trauma process’. Unlike trauma theory, therefore, cultural trauma places the weight of analysis not on the historical event as such but on the narrative struggle that constitutes and sustains that event as a cultural trauma. Thus, we have a series of interrelated terms: history, trauma, narrative and memory, that pivot around an absent presence, a traumatogenic event. It is the nature of that traumatogenic event that I explore in this paper. First, I will set out my theoretical differences from trauma theory and then attempt to square the circle between a non-pathological conception of trauma in cultural trauma theory and my own commitment to psychoanalysis. In conclusion I will put forward a number of claims that I hope will be consistent with cultural trauma theory. That is to say, the traumatogenic event is not given but is retrospectively constructed and in this sense is ahistorical and non-narrative.
34
Green, Robert S., Michael B. Butler, Nelofar Kureshi, and Mete Erdogan. "A Retrospective Evaluation of Pediatric Major Trauma Related to Sport and Recreational Activities in Nova Scotia." CJEM 18, no. 2 (July 27, 2015): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2015.69.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObjectivesA small proportion of pediatric sport- and recreation-related injuries are serious enough to be considered “major trauma.” However, the immediate and long-term consequences in cases of pediatric major trauma are significant and potentially life-threatening. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and outcomes of pediatric major traumas related to sport and recreational activities in Nova Scotia.MethodsThis study was a retrospective case series. Data on major pediatric traumas related to sport and recreational activities on a provincial scope were extracted from the Nova Scotia Trauma Program Registry between 2000 and 2013. We evaluated frequency, type, severity, and outcomes of major traumas. Outcomes assessed included length of hospital stay, admission to a special care unit (SCU), and mortality.ResultsOverall, 107 children aged three to 18 years sustained a major trauma (mean age 12.5 [SD 3.8]; 84% male). Most injuries were blunt traumas (97%). The greatest proportion were from cycling (59, 53%), followed by hockey (8, 7%), skateboarding (7, 7%) and skiing (7, 7%). The Nova Scotia Pediatric Trauma Team was activated in 27% of cases. Mean in-hospital length of stay was five days (SD 5.6), and nearly half (49%) of patients required SCU admission. Severe traumatic brain injury occurred in 52% of cases, and mortality in five cases.ConclusionsOver a 13-year period, the highest incidence of pediatric major trauma related to sport and recreational activities was from cycling, followed by hockey. Severe traumatic brain injury occurred in over half of pediatric major trauma patients.
35
Kubart, Tomáš. "Günter Brus: a walk through totality." Theatralia, no. 2 (2022): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/ty2022-2-2.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on examining a specific artwork of a member of the Austrian action group of Viennese Actionism, Günter Brus through the prism of Trauma Studies. The research question of how the trauma of World War II expressed itself in the art of Günter Brus encompasses a focus on three sub-areas based on the nature and definition of trauma and following neurosis/psychosis: individual trauma (e.g., childhood trauma), societal trauma (a consequence of WWII), and the return of trauma if it has not been consistently processed. The experience of WWII left traumas in the generation of artists such as Brus (e.g., his experience of bombing at an early age) that were individual, society-wide (the complicity of the whole Austrian society in the Nazi crimes and the Shoa), and/or the traumas caused by some recurring trauma. According to a British theatrologist Patrick Duggan, trauma on the individual level is doubled upon recurrence, which is similar to the conclusion at which German researcher Gerald Schröder arrives when he writes about the Wiederholungstrauma of a society on the whole. When the level of social traumatisation reaches a borderline level, it manifests itself through various valves, including artistic ones. Günter Brus became such a materialisation of the repetition of trauma, a living reminder, literally walking through the streets of Vienna during his event Vienna Walk. The study introduces and describes the nature of such trauma in the artwork of the Austrian post-war artist through the framework of Duggan's methodology coupled with trauma-related symptomatology.
36
Lopes de Oliveira, Fabiana Maria Rodrigues, Maria das Graças Melo Fernandes, Keylla Talitha Fernandes Barbosa, Maria Auxiliadora Pereira, Kamyla Félix Oliveira dos Santos, and Tainara Barbosa Nunes. "Characterization of trauma in elderly assisted in a mobile emergency care service." Rev Rene 14, no. 5 (2013): 945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20130005000011.
Full textAbstract:
Trauma in the elderly is a common event, requiring trained professionals in this area. This study aimed at characterizing the occurrence of trauma in the elderly assisted at the Mobile Emergency Care Service, João Pessoa Region - Paraíba, Brazil. This is a documental, retrospective study, conducted from April to December 2012, through the review of 180 medical records from aged trauma victims. The data analysis was conducted by descriptive and exploratory statistics, using Pearson’s chi-square test. Concerning the results, falls represented 74.4% of the traumas, 84.4% of the assistances occurred in the capital and 40.6% of the elderly were sent to the reference hospital for traumas. As consequences of traumas, the most commons items were: pain (32.1%) and suspected fracture (20.6%). One concludes that it is important to plan interventions for trauma prevention with the elderly.
37
Moore, Ernest E. "Trauma Systems, Trauma Centers, and Trauma Surgeons." Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 39, no. 1 (July 1995): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199507000-00001.
Full text
38
Jencks, Jennifer W., and George S. Leibowitz. "The Impact of Types and Extent of Trauma on Depressive Affect Among Male Juvenile Sexual Offenders." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 5 (November 18, 2016): 1143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16676099.
Full textAbstract:
High levels of depression have been found among incarcerated youth, which suggests that mental health problems are associated with delinquent behavior and are part of a constellation of risk factors that contribute to youth entering the juvenile justice system. In this project, we investigated trauma and mental health issues among male youth in residential treatment, and addressed the following questions: (a) Does childhood trauma predict current depression for male juvenile sexual offenders? (b) If so, do different types of traumas predict depressive affect better than others? and, (c) Does extent of trauma exposure predict depression? Data on incarcerated male juvenile sexual offenders were analyzed ( n = 379). Multiple regressions of various types of traumas and cumulative trauma and depression were conducted. Emotional abuse was the strongest predictor of depressive affect for this sample, and multiple exposures to trauma were the second strongest predictor.
39
Favero, Ana Beatriz, and Ana Maria Rudge. "Trauma e desmentido." Psychologica, no. 50 (January 1, 2009): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8606_50_8.
Full textAbstract:
Este estudo analisa as contribuições de Sándor Ferenczi sobre o trauma psíquico. Numa construção teórica original, Ferenczi estende a ideia do trauma para além da cena sexual e toma o desmentido, a mentira e a hipocrisia do adulto em relação à criança como poderosas forças traumáticas. Ao longo da sua obra, encontramos duas diferentes concepções de trauma: uma primeira, em que os traumas sã estruturantes, necessários, inevitáveis ou filogenéticos – constitutivos da sexualidade infantil; e uma posterior, em que as situações traumáticas colocam em risco o projeto identificatório do sujeito, nos casos em que ocorre o desmentido por parte do adulto.
40
Onwuachi-Willig, Angela. "The Trauma of the Routine." Sociological Theory 34, no. 4 (December 2016): 335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735275116679864.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural traumas are socially mediated processes that occur when groups endure horrific events that forever change their consciousness and identity. According to cultural sociologists, these traumas arise out of shocks to the routine or the taken for granted. Understanding such traumas is critical for developing solutions that can address group suffering. Using the African American community’s response to the not guilty verdict in the Emmett Till murder trial as a case study, this article extends cultural trauma theory by explicating how cultural traumas can arise not only when routines are disrupted but also when they are maintained and reaffirmed in a public or official manner. In so doing, this article analyzes the interplay between the history or accumulation of the “routine” harm at issue, the shocking or unusual occurrences that frequently precede such “routine” harms, the harm itself, and public discourse about such harm’s meaning in cultivating a cultural trauma narrative.
41
Opalic, Petar. "Disarrangement: Dominant symptom of traumatized people in Serbia." Sociologija 50, no. 4 (2008): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0804417o.
Full textAbstract:
The psychopathological status of 175 subjects from Belgrade and wider surroundings was examined. Out of them, 70 subjects had somatic trauma (26 war traumas and 44 somatic peacetime traumas); 45 subjects had mental trauma, and 60 had no trauma. The following instruments were used: PTSD-Scale, Brief Eysenck's Personality Inventory, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-60) and Late Effect of Accidental Injury (LEAIQ), as well as appropriate statistical procedures (ANOVA, discriminative analysis, linear correlation). In qualitative terms, the majority of symptoms were conversive, the first of which was disarrangement. In quantitative terms, the symptoms of general neuroticism were most frequent in the subgroup of subjects with somatic war traumas, then in the subgroup with mental traumas in peacetime, and finally in the subgroup of subjects with somatic peacetime traumas. In the subgroup of mentally traumatised subjects, the PTSD symptoms were most frequent.
42
Levent, DUMAN. "Çocuklarda Abdominal Travma Abdominal Trauma in Children." Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 60, no. 4 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/tipfak_0000000571.
Full text
43
Cabrera Sánchez, José. "Una crítica al reduccionismo neurológico en la teoría general del trauma de Malabou: la persistencia de lo simbólico en los traumas sociopolíticos." Revista de humanidades (Santiago. En línea), no. 49 (January 29, 2024): 369–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53382/issn.2452-445x.785.
Full textAbstract:
El presente texto plantea un cuestionamiento a la teoría general sobre el trauma propuesta por la filósofa Catherine Malabou. A nuestro juicio, lo que Malabou califica como una teoría general del trauma es más bien una teoría genérica del trauma, radicando su falla en la generalización del paradigma de la cerebralidad a toda forma de trauma. Intentaremos mostrar que el mutismo simbólico del sujeto postraumático en los traumas sociopolíticos no descansa únicamente en el fundamento material que ofrece la cerebralidad, sino que depende de un colapso de las estructuras de significado que caracterizan a los traumas sociopolíticos, desplome del sentido que debe ser pensado dentro de los marcos de la historia, el despliegue del antagonismo político y las entreveradas vías del reconocimiento.
44
Lewis, Stephanie J., Karestan C. Koenen, Antony Ambler, Louise Arseneault, Avshalom Caspi, Helen L. Fisher, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Andrea Danese. "Psychopathology and cognitive deficits in young people exposed to complex trauma." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S36—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.149.
Full textAbstract:
AimsComplex traumas are traumatic experiences that involve multiple interpersonal threats during childhood or adolescence, such as repeated abuse. This type of trauma is hypothesized to lead to more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function than other non-complex traumas, such as road traffic accidents. However, empirical testing of this hypothesis has been limited to clinical or convenience samples and cross-sectional designs. To better understand this topic, we aimed to investigate psychopathology and cognitive function in young people exposed to complex, non-complex, or no trauma from a population-representative longitudinal cohort, and to consider the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities.MethodParticipants were from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a population-representative birth-cohort of 2,232 children born in England and Wales in 1994-95. At age 18 years (93% participation), we assessed lifetime exposure to complex and non-complex trauma. We also assessed past-year psychopathology including general psychopathology ‘p’ and several psychiatric disorders, as well as current cognitive function including IQ, executive function, and processing speed. Additionally, we prospectively assessed early childhood vulnerabilities including internalizing and externalizing symptoms at age 5, IQ at age 5, family history of mental illness, family socioeconomic status, and sex.ResultWe found that participants who had been exposed to complex trauma had more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function across wide-ranging measures at age 18, compared to both trauma-unexposed participants and those exposed to non-complex trauma. Early childhood vulnerabilities had an important role in these presentations, as they predicted risk of later complex trauma exposure, and largely explained associations of complex trauma with cognitive deficits, but not with psychopathology.ConclusionBy conflating complex and non-complex traumas, current research and clinical practice under-estimate the severity of psychopathology and cognitive deficits linked with complex trauma, as well as the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities. A better understanding of the mental health needs of people exposed to complex trauma and underlying mechanisms could inform the development of new effective interventions.
45
Guina, Jeffrey, Ramzi W. Nahhas, Kevin Kawalec, and Seth Farnsworth. "Are Gender Differences in DSM-5 PTSD Symptomatology Explained by Sexual Trauma?" Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 21-22 (November 10, 2016): 4713–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516677290.
Full textAbstract:
Although many studies have assessed gender differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence, few examine individual PTSD symptoms (PTSSs). Hypothesizing that trauma differences explain many gender differences in symptomatology, this is the first known study to adjust PTSSs for trauma type, and to compare gender differences in those with sexual traumas. Using a cross-sectional survey methodology in a sample of adult outpatients ( n = 775), we examined gender, trauma type, PTSSs, suicide, alcohol, and tobacco. Among those with trauma ( n = 483), women generally had more severe symptoms than men, but after adjusting for trauma type, only physical reactivity ( p = .0002), excessive startle ( p = .0005), external avoidance ( p = .0007), internal avoidance ( p = .0008), psychological reactivity ( p = .0009), and suicide attempts ( p = .001) remained significantly worse among women, whereas men more commonly reported alcohol problems ( p = .007). Among those with PTSD ( n = 164), there were no significant PTSS gender differences. Those with sexual trauma had worse symptoms (particularly amnesia) compared with non-sexual trauma ( p < .0001 for PTSD diagnosis and total severity), including within each gender. Among those with sexual trauma ( n = 157), men had worse recklessness ( p = .004) and more commonly reported tobacco ( p = .02), whereas women more commonly attempted suicide ( p = .02) and had worse avoidance ( p = .04). However, when isolating the effects of sexual trauma beyond other traumas, there were no significant symptom difference-in-differences between genders. Our findings suggest that, while women have higher PTSD rates, men with PTSD present similarly. In addition, while women have higher sexual trauma rates, men may have similarly severe responses. Most gender differences in PTSD presentation appear to be explained by trauma type, particularly women having higher rates of sexual trauma. We discuss potential biopsychosocial explanations.
46
Alshahrani, Sohail Saad, Marwah Ali Al Hausa, Naif Ali Alaji, and Hussain Hayazi Albarqi. "Prevalence and Outcomes of Pediatric Trauma Cases in the Emergency Department in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 07 (July 22, 2024): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i07.013.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: To thoroughly evaluate the incidence, outcomes, and associated risk factors of trauma among children attending emergency departments in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A thorough search of pertinent databases was done in order to find studies that satisfied the requirements for inclusion. A thorough search of PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Science Direct was conducted to find pertinent literature. Results: Ten studies, including a total of 2351 children who had various traumas, and 1705 (72.5%) of them were males, were included in our data. Cervical spine injuries occurred mainly due to blunt trauma, and the majority improved. MRI can shorten the time needed to clear the cervical spine and lower the number of injuries that are overlooked. Ocular traumas were reported in two studies, one due to chemical burns and the other due to fireworks. The two mechanisms left permanent complications, such as corneal opacity and limbal stem cell deficiency. Multiple traumas (such as fractures lacerations, burns, and brain injuries) that occurred due to falls, MVA, blunt traumas, and penetrating wounds. Most cases were stable and survived with no significant disability. Conclusion: Even with an increased risk, children rarely suffer serious injuries. Children displayed the many forms of trauma and its associated affective aspects. Ocular traumas held the most serious and life-threatening complications. Because there are many elements that contribute to trauma, it is advised that appropriate interventions and preventive measures be used in order to minimize trauma.
47
Aydın, Hasan. "Investigation of Factors Affecting Prognosis in Geriatric Patients with Head Injury." Medical Science and Discovery 10, no. 7 (July 11, 2023): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i7.976.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Head trauma is one of the most common causes of emergency admission in elderly patients. The risk of intracranial pathology increases after trauma due to the weakening of bone structures, deterioration in blood parameters, and use of anticoagulants. This study aimed to examine the factors affecting mortality after head trauma in geriatric patients. Material and Methods: Geriatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department with head trauma between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2015 and underwent cranial computed tomography (cCT) were included in the study. Patient data were analyzed according to gender, age groups, trauma causes, hematological parameters and hospitalization-discharge status. Results: 320 patients were included in the study, 169 were female (52.8%), and 142 were in the 65-74 age group (%44). Intracranial pathology was detected in 34 patients. The most common causes of trauma were falls and traffic accidents. The most common CT pathology was subdural hemorrhage. 76 (24%) of 320 patients were hospitalized. As their final status, 307 patients were discharged (96%), 6 were transferred (1.9%), 7 died (2.2%). Conclusion: In the study, there is no significant correlation between age, gender, mechanism of trauma, hematological parameters and mortality in geriatric head trauma. Geriatric head traumas must be evaluated seriously regardless of the mechanism of injury, age and gender groups, even simple traumas can be dangerous.
48
Keshet, Hadar, and Eva Gilboa-Schechtman. "The Focality of Sexual Trauma and Its Effects on Women’s Symptoms and Self-Perceptions." Psychology of Women Quarterly 43, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 472–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684319861100.
Full textAbstract:
Sexual trauma is associated with particularly harmful consequences in comparison to other types of trauma. Studies investigating differences between trauma-types usually focus on the most distressing (i.e., main) trauma of each participant and do not consider the cumulative effects of multiple traumas, which many individuals experience. We sought to fill this gap by examining the effects of trauma-type (sexual vs. nonsexual), as well as the focality assigned to the sexual trauma (whether it was perceived as a main vs. background trauma), on symptoms and self-perceptions. Our sample comprised 231 Jewish-Israeli women: 96 with a single trauma-type and 135 with multiple (two to three) trauma-types. Women completed online measures of trauma history, symptoms, and self-perceptions. Women who were exposed to sexual trauma reported greater symptom severity and self-perception impairments than women with a history of nonsexual trauma-type(s). Among women with multiple trauma-types, those with a main sexual trauma reported greater symptom severity and self-perception impairments than women with a background sexual trauma. When controlling for levels of posttraumatic symptoms, differences in self-perceptions ceased to be significant. Our findings highlight the importance of collecting a detailed trauma history, with attention to trauma-centrality, and of addressing various symptoms and self-perceptions among sexual trauma survivors.
49
Fraga, Gustavo Pereira, Luiz Rogério Heinzl, Bárbara Sugui Longhi, Daniel Carlos da Silva, Francisco Américo Fernandes Neto, and Mario Mantovani. "Trauma cardíaco: estudo de necropsias." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 31, no. 6 (December 2004): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69912004000600010.
Full textAbstract:
RESUMO OBJETIVO: Pacientes vítimas de trauma cardíaco morrem, na maioria das vezes, antes de receberem atendimento médico. Porém, são poucos os estudos epidemiológicos deste tipo de lesão descrevendo a porcentagem de pacientes que chegam a ser tratados. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar as características das vítimas de trauma cardíaco através da interpretação de laudos de necropsia. MÉTODO: Foram revisados 1.976 casos de óbito por causas externas submetidos a necropsia no Instituto Médico Legal de Campinas, num período de dois anos. Os casos foram divididos em dois grupos: I, trauma penetrante; e II, trauma fechado. RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio dos traumas penetrantes (1.294 casos - 65,5%). Trauma cardíaco foi identificado em 359 laudos (18,2%), sendo 296 do grupo I e 63 do grupo II. No grupo I, 73,6% dos óbitos ocorreram no local do trauma e apenas 18 pacientes (6%) foram atendidos em hospital e submetidos a toracotomia. No grupo II o tratamento cirúrgico foi indicado em dois dos 14 traumatizados (3,2% dos traumas fechados) admitidos com presença de sinais vitais. A câmara cardíaca mais acometida no grupo I foi o ventrículo esquerdo (lesão isolada em 24,6% dos casos) e no grupo II o ventrículo direito (25%). CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se que as lesões cardíacas são eminentemente fatais e apenas 5,6% destes traumatizados que morreram chegaram a receber tratamento efetivo.
50
Emanuel, Sarah. "Trauma Theory, Trauma Story." Brill Research Perspectives in Biblical Interpretation 4, no. 4 (October 29, 2021): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24057657-12340018.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This work offers an overview of trauma theory’s relations to biblical studies. In addition to summarizing the theoretical landscape(s), it provides exegetical forays into Ezekiel and, in part, Exodus and the Eucharist. The analysis will engage these materials’ traumatic ethoi, including their connections to trauma informed eating and queerings, so as to offer entryways into the wider critical conversation. While these exegetical foci may seem arbitrary, that is in part the point. As readers will see, trauma defies sense-making. Akin to postmodernist poststructuralist intertextualities, trauma cannot be flattened into neat narration. Trauma is capricious, leaving survivors to carry with them multivalent and even paradoxical connections to their experiences. This project thus attempts to perform trauma’s plurisignification as much as it tries to explain it, using a set of traditionally unexamined pairings to do so. While not an exhaustive survey on trauma theory and the Bible – such work could fill the space of multiple publications – the following work provides a representation of both the theory of trauma and its applications within the biblical field.