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Journal articles on the topic 'Transpyloric flow'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Anvari, M., J. Dent, C. Malbert, and G. G. Jamieson. "Mechanics of pulsatile transpyloric flow in the pig." Journal of Physiology 488, no. 1 (October 1, 1995): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020957.

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2

Malbert, C. H., C. Mathis, and J. P. Laplace. "Vagal control of transpyloric flow and pyloric resistance." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 39, S12 (December 1994): 24S—27S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02300364.

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3

Malbert, Charles-Henri, and Carole Mathis. "Antropyloric modulation of transpyloric flow of liquids in pigs." Gastroenterology 107, no. 1 (July 1994): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(94)90058-2.

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4

Malbert, G. Cuche, C. H. "Ileal Short-Chain Fatty Acids Inhibit Transpyloric Flow in Pigs." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 34, no. 2 (January 1999): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365529950173005.

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5

PALLOTTA, N., F. BACCINI, and E. CALABRESE. "Effect of fatty meal on pyloric motor function and transpyloric flow." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81429-3.

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6

Malbert, CH, and C. Mathis. "Antral modulation of the transpyloric flow of liquids in the pig." Reproduction Nutrition Development 34, no. 6 (1994): 609–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19940607.

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7

O'Donovan, Deirdre G., Trygve Hausken, Antonietta Russo, Yong Lei, Michael Horowitz, and Karen L. Jones. "Effects of posture on transpyloric flow and appetite in healthy subjects." Gastroenterology 124, no. 4 (April 2003): A576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(03)82915-3.

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8

Pallotta, Nadia, Flavia Baccini, and Emma Calabrese. "Effect of fatty meal on pyloric motor function and transpyloric flow." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (April 2001): A288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)81429-1.

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9

Hauskin, T., OH Gilja, S. Ødegaard, and A. Berstad. "Effects of glyceryl trinitrate on transpyloric flow of a soup meal." Gastroenterology 108, no. 4 (April 1995): A612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)26759-x.

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10

Kwiatek, Monika A., and Geoff S. Hebbard. "Patterns of transpyloric flow following ingestion of nutrient and non-nutrient liquids." Gastroenterology 118, no. 4 (April 2000): A414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(00)83768-3.

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11

Malbert, CH, C. Mathis, and JP Laplace. "Vagal control of the transpyloric flow and pyloric resistance in the pig." Reproduction Nutrition Development 34, no. 6 (1994): 610–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19940608.

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12

Malbert, CH, C. Mathis, S. Guérin, and JP Laplace. "Influence of jejunal nutrients on transpyloric flow and pyloric resistance in pigs." Reproduction Nutrition Development 37, no. 4 (1997): 411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19970403.

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13

Pallotta, Nadia, Michele Cicala, Chiara Frandina, and Enrico Corazziari. "Antro-pyloric contractile patterns and transpyloric flow after meal ingestion in humans." American Journal of Gastroenterology 93, no. 12 (December 1998): 2513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00598.x.

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14

Malbert, Charles H., and Yves Ruckebusch. "Duodenal pH dips as an index of transpyloric flow in conscious dogs." Gastroenterology 105, no. 3 (September 1993): 755–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(93)90893-h.

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15

Malbert, C. H., and Y. Ruckebusch. "Relationships between pressure and flow across the gastroduodenal junction in dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 260, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): G653—G657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1991.260.4.g653.

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Antroduodenal pressure events were measured simultaneously with transpyloric flow, in conscious dogs, to evaluate the role of mechanical factors modulating this flow. The relationships between pressure and flow across the gastroduodenal junction were never linear. During the interdigestive state, terminal antral contraction occurred 0.9 +/- 0.29 s after the onset of the gush of gastric contents. Hence, the highest flow rate occurred during the period of lowest resistance. After a meal, terminal antral contraction began 3.3 +/- 0.87 s before the flow of chyme, and resistance rose simultaneously with flow rate. The antroduodenal resistance was 10 times higher than during the interdigestive state (8.33 +/- 1.56 vs. 0.73 +/- 0.34 mmHg.ml-1.s). The pyloroduodenal resistance was always lower than the antropyloric one. It is concluded that, because of the temporal relationship between motor events and flow, pure resistive behavior of the junction occurred only after a meal.

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16

Hausken, Trygve, Melvin Samsom, and Marco Mundt. "Low pressure gradients are responsible for transpyloric flow of a nutrient liquid meal." Gastroenterology 118, no. 4 (April 2000): A414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(00)83767-1.

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17

Malbert, C. H., C. Mathis, and J. P. Laplace. "Vagal control of pyloric resistance." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 269, no. 4 (October 1, 1995): G558—G569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.269.4.g558.

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Pyloric resistance is probably a major factor regulating gastric emptying of liquids, but its nervous control is unknown. The role of efferent vagal pathways in pyloric resistance was evaluated in 13 anesthetized pigs. Pyloric resistance was assessed by simultaneous recording of gastropyloroduodenal motility and transpyloric flow during gastric emptying of saline. Cervical vagotomy suppressed all antral pressure events, increased the number of pressure events localized at the pylorus, and decreased the frequency of the flow pulses (P < 0.05), without affecting either pyloric resistance or the characteristics of flow pulses. Electrical stimulation of the cervical and the thoracic vagi both decreased pyloric resistance by about 60% and increased the stroke volume of flow pulses (P < 0.05). The reduced pyloric resistance was mainly related to an alteration of the temporal relationship between flow pulses and pyloric pressure events. These results indicate that vagal efferents could provide inhibitory inputs to pyloric resistance. A reduction in pyloric resistance contributes to the increased flow rate observed during vagal stimulation.

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18

Mundt, M. W., T. Hausken, and M. Samsom. "Effect of intragastric barostat bag on proximal and distal gastric accommodation in response to liquid meal." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 283, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): G681—G686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00499.2001.

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The barostat is the gold standard for measurement of proximal gastric accommodation. Ultrasonography can be used to measure gastric volume. The aim was to investigate the effects of the barostat bag on gastric accommodation and transpyloric flow. Accommodation after a liquid meal (300 ml, 450 kcal) was measured twice at random in eight healthy volunteers. Proximal accommodation was measured once using barostat and once using ultrasound (US). Antrum accommodation was measured using US. Bag volume (BV), antral area (AA), proximal gastric area, and proximal gastric diameter (PGD) data were assessed before and 1, 5, 15, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min postprandially. Transpyloric flow was measured using Doppler 1–5 min postprandially. Fasted, AA size was not affected by the barostat bag (1 mmHg > minimal distension pressure; 2.7 ± 0.5 vs. 2.6 ± 0.3 cm2). Postprandially, AAs were larger with the bag present (ANOVA, P < 0.04). Maximum AA was reached with the bag in 5 min, without the bag in 1 min postprandially (15.1 ± 2.3 vs. 9.4 ± 1.5 cm2; P < 0.03). Furthermore, AAs were related to BVs ( r = 0.57; P < 0.01). After bag deflation, AA decreased (11.9 ± 1.8 to 7.0 ± 0.9 cm2; P = 0.02) and was comparable with the 60-min AA size without the bag (7.1 ± 1.2 cm2; P = 0.76) present. Proximal gastric radius calculated from the BVs and PGDs was larger with the bag present (ANOVA, P < 0.001). No effect on early gastric emptying was observed. Postprandially, the barostat bag causes dilatation of the antrum due to meal displacement without influencing early gastric emptying. This antral dilatation is likely to induce exaggerated proximal gastric relaxation observed in studies using the barostat to evaluate fundic accommodation.

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19

O'Donovan, Deirdre, Trygve Hausken, Yong Lei, Antonietta Russo, Jennifer Keogh, Michael Horowitz, and Karen L. Jones. "Transpyloric flow, gastric emptying and glycemia after oral glucose in young and older healthy subjects." Gastroenterology 124, no. 4 (April 2003): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(03)80419-5.

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20

Vingerhagen, Hausken, Gilja, and Berstad. "Influence of a 5HT1 receptor agonist on gastric accommodation and initial transpyloric flow in healthy subjects." Neurogastroenterology and Motility 12, no. 1 (February 2000): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2982.2000.00184.x.

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21

Mathis, C., and C. H. Malbert. "Erythromycin gastrokinetic activity is partially vagally mediated." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 274, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): G80—G86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.1.g80.

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Erythromycin overcomes postvagotomy gastroparesia in patients without a distal stomach and functional pylorus. We investigate the role of the vagus in gastric emptying increased by erythromycin, using a model that preserves the physiology of the distal stomach and pylorus. The effects of erythromycin lactobionate (10 mg/kg) on transpyloric flow pattern and pyloric resistance were evaluated during repetitive bilateral vagal cooling in anesthetized pigs. Vagal cooling during erythromycin infusion produced a marked decreased of pyloric outflow (23 ± 1.1 vs. 50 ± 2.6 ml/min) related to a reduced stroke volume of the flow pulses (7.8 ± 3.31 vs. 14.1 ± 2.44 ml). The amplitude and frequency of gastric and duodenal pressure events were unchanged or slightly reduced during vagal cooling. The smaller stroke volume of flow pulse was the consequence of increased pyloric resistance (6.2 ± 1.98 vs. 2.3 ± 0.21 mmHg ⋅ ml−1 ⋅ s), which is associated with changes in the temporal relationship between a pyloric pressure event and flow pulse. In conclusion, erythromycin activity on the pylorus requires the integrity of vagal pathways. Enhancement of gastric outflow by erythromycin is also modulated by the vagus, since pyloric resistance was able to overcome increased gastric motility.

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22

O’Donovan, Deirdre, Trygve Hausken, Yong Lei, Antonietta Russo, Jennifer Keogh, Michael Horowitz, and Karen L. Jones. "Effect of Aging on Transpyloric Flow, Gastric Emptying, and Intragastric Distribution In Healthy Humans—Impact on Glycemia." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 50, no. 4 (April 2005): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-005-2555-3.

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23

Jones, Karen L., Deirdre O’Donovan, Michael Horowitz, Antonietta Russo, Yong Lei, and Trygve Hausken. "Effects of Posture on Gastric Emptying, Transpyloric Flow, and Hunger After a Glucose Drink in Healthy Humans." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 51, no. 8 (July 13, 2006): 1331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-005-9010-3.

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24

Pallotta, N., M. Cicala, C. Frandina, G. D'Ambra, and M. Paoletti. "Active duodenal ulcer is associated with prolonged opening of the pylorus, increased retrograde transpyloric flow and delayed gastric emptying." Gastroenterology 114 (April 1998): A817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(98)83330-1.

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25

Heddle, R., J. Dent, N. W. Read, L. A. Houghton, J. Toouli, M. Horowitz, G. J. Maddern, and J. Downton. "Antropyloroduodenal motor responses to intraduodenal lipid infusion in healthy volunteers." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 254, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): G671—G679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1988.254.5.g671.

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The delivery of lipid to the duodenum has been shown to slow gastric emptying and to increase the resistance to gastric outflow. To investigate mechanisms responsible for these effects, we have recorded antropyloroduodenal motility in nine healthy volunteers during alternate intraduodenal infusions of normal saline and triglyceride emulsion (Intralipid 10%). During the lipid infusions there were reproducible, major changes in the patterns of motility. Pressure waves, apparently isolated to the pylorus, usually started within 10 min of initiation of the lipid infusion. After 20-25 min of lipid infusion these waves occurred at median rates of 2.4 and 2.8/min (1st and 2nd lipid infusions, respectively); these rates were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than the median rates (all less than or equal to 0.4/min) observed during the equivalent period of the succeeding saline infusions. During 10 of 22 lipid infusions, isolated pyloric pressure waves were associated with sustained pyloric tone. Infusion of lipid into the duodenum suppressed antral pressure waves in all subjects and initiated brief periods of regular duodenal contractions during 11 of 22 infusions. These studies have demonstrated alterations of antropyloroduodenal motor patterns in response to changes in the duodenal luminal content. The effects on antral and pyloric motility are probably of importance in the regulation of transpyloric flow by nutrients in the duodenal lumen.

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26

Indireshkumar, K., James G. Brasseur, Henryk Faas, Geoffrey S. Hebbard, Patrik Kunz, John Dent, Christine Feinle, et al. "Relative contributions of “pressure pump” and “peristaltic pump” to gastric emptying." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 278, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): G604—G616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.2000.278.4.g604.

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The relative contributions to gastric emptying from common cavity antroduodenal pressure difference (“pressure pump”) vs. propagating high-pressure waves in the distal antrum (“peristaltic pump”) were analyzed in humans by high-resolution manometry concurrently with time-resolved three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging during intraduodenal nutrient infusion at 2 kcal/min. Gastric volume, space-time pressure, and contraction wave histories in the antropyloroduodenal region were measured in seven healthy subjects. The subjects fell into two distinct groups with an order of magnitude difference in levels of antral pressure activity. However, there was no significant difference in average rate of gastric emptying between the two groups. Antral pressure history was separated into “propagating high-pressure events” (HPE), “nonpropagating HPEs,” and “quiescent periods.” Quiescent periods dominated, and average pressure during quiescent periods remained unchanged with decreasing gastric volume, suggesting that common cavity pressure levels were maintained by increasing wall muscle tone with decreasing volume. When propagating HPEs moved to within 2–3 cm of the pylorus, pyloric resistance was found statistically to increase with decreasing distance between peristaltic waves and the pylorus. We conclude that transpyloric flow tends to be blocked when antral contraction waves are within a “zone of influence” proximal to the pylorus, suggesting physiological coordination between pyloric and antral contractile activity. We further conclude that gastric emptying of nutrient liquids is primarily through the “pressure pump” mechanism controlled by pyloric opening during periods of relative quiescence in antral contractile wave activity.

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27

Kaske, M., and A. Midasch. "Effects of experimentally-impaired reticular contractions on digesta passage in sheep." British Journal of Nutrition 78, no. 1 (July 1997): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970122.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional role of reticular contractions for digesta passage in sheep. Feed intake, mean retention time of fluid and plastic particles in the reticulo-rumen, rumen fluid volume, forestomach motility and particle size distribution in the faeces were determined in five rumen-fistulated sheep fed on hay ad libitum (Expt 1). The same variables were determined when reticular movements were impaired for 10 d by introducing a silicone-covered lead weight (500 g) into the reticulum (Expt 2). As feed intake dropped in Expt 2 by 27% compared with Expt 1, the sheep received in an additional experiment exactly the amount of feed which had been consumed during Expt 2 and measurements were repeated without impairing reticular movements (Expt 3). The introduction of the weight did not affect the frequency of A- or B-cycles, but elevation of the reticular floor in a cranio-dorsal direction during the biphasic contraction was markedly reduced. The pattern of marker excretion indicated a drastically changed composition of reticular outflow in Expt 2 compared with Expts 1 and 3. During Expt 2, rumen fluid volume was similar to that in Expt 1 but about 25% higher than that in Expt 3; the amount of large feed particles in the faeces was increased compared with Expt 1 ( + 49%) and Expt 3 ( + 76%). In at least two sheep, abomasal emptying was inhibited during Expt 2, as indicated by an enlarged impacted abomasum. In conclusion, the results emphasize the central role of reticular motility for the separation of particles in the forestomach, the outflow of digesta from the reticulo-rumen and transpyloric digesta flow.

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28

O'Donovan, D., T. Hausken, A. Russo, Y. Lei, M. Horowitz, and KL Jones. "Effects of posture on transpyloric flow and appetite in healthy subjects." Endoscopy 37, no. 05 (April 19, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-868598.

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29

"An antro-pyloro-duodenal common chamber determines the transpyloric flow of nutrients." Gastroenterology 108, no. 4 (April 1995): A663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)26965-7.

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30

"Effect of reversible vagotomy on antral and pyloric regulation of transpyloric flow." Gastroenterology 108, no. 4 (April 1995): A666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)26976-2.

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31

"Effect of GLP-1 on antropyloric motilitiy, transpyloric flow and gastric emptying of non-nutrient liquids in conscious dogs." Gastroenterology 108, no. 4 (April 1995): A563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)26566-x.

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