Academic literature on the topic 'Transporteurs vésiculaires de l'acétylcholine'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transporteurs vésiculaires de l'acétylcholine"
Desplanque, Mazarine. "Co-transmission acétylcholine/glutamate dans le réseau striatal. Hétérogénéité anatomique et fonctionnelle des vésicules synaptiques dans les interneurones cholinergiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS147.
Full textThe striatum is a major structure of the central nervous system, involved in various physiological processes such as goal-directed action, learning, locomotion, as well as in numerous pathologies including Parkinson's disease, addiction, and eating disorders.Inside the striatum, there is a specific group of neurons known as Cholinergic Interneurons. Despite representing only one percent of striatal neurons, cholinergic interneurons constitute the primary source of acetylcholine within this region. Furthermore, they express both the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and the vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3), thus releasing both neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine and glutamate have opposing effects on dopamine release. Interestingly, acetylcholine and glutamate, released from CINs, were recently shown to have distinct implication in the regulation of reward-guided behavior and maladaptive eatingIndeed, silencing glutamate signaling by CINs favors goal-directed behaviors and has no impact on eating behavior. In contrast, silencing ACh facilitates habits and maladaptive eating suggesting a sophisticated level of regulation of striatal functions through this acetylcholine/glutamate co-transmission.However, the morphological and functional characteristics of this co-transmission are not yet fully understood. The vesicular synergy theory argues for co-release, indicating a single population of vesicles expressing both VAChT and VGLUT3. Conversely, data from the interpeduncular nucleus suggest a differential release of acetylcholine and glutamate from the medial habenula, indicating separate populations of vesicles. In the context of my thesis work, I first aimed to characterize and distinguish morphologically the different subpopulations of vesicles within cholinergic interneurons. Using Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy and nearest neighbor analysis, we showed that 34% of cholinergic synaptic vesicles express both VAChT and VGLUT3. Additionally, 40% of synaptic vesicles of cholinergic interneurons exclusively express VAChT, while 26% express only VGLUT3. These results pave the way for possible functional implications: ICS could simultaneously but also differentially release acetylcholine and glutamate. Thus, to study glutamatergic transmission, I further characterized Fluorescent False Neurotransmitters for glutamate. Lastly, it is crucial to have tools not only to monitor glutamate release but also to modulate it to better understand its role in various systems. Therefore, I implemented a multidisciplinary strategy for identifying VGLUT ligands using an in silico approach to identify a large number of candidate molecules, followed by screening in a Drosophila model to identify the best ligands, which are then tested in a murine model
Gilchrist-Vinatier, Jacqueline. "Régulation des transporteurs vésiculaires du glutamate chez les rongeurs." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002324140204611&vid=upec.
Full textThe vesicular glutamate transporters, VGLUT1, -2 and -3, are proteins present at the membrane of synaptic vesicles in glutamatergic neurons. They are responsible for the accumulation of neurotransmitter into the vesicles. VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 are the majoritary subtypes in the brain and their expression covers all known glutamatergic neurons with complementary expression patterns. VGLUT3 is expressed in a more discrete fashion in neuron populations which were not previously thought to be glutamatergic. During this thesis, I contributed to the detailled description of the localisation of VGLUT3 in the adult rat brain, as well as the ontogenic study of all three subtypes. I also carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen in order to search for putative functionnal differences between the subtypes. Thus, I characterised an interaction between VGLUT1 and endophilin, a protein involved in the endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. This interaction suggests a functional link between the loading in neurotransmitter and the recycling of synaptic vesicles in the nerve terminal
Assaad, Thaer. "Diagnostic précoce de la maladie d'Alzheimer : développement de médicaments radiopharmaceutiques iodés pour l'exploration scintigraphique en TEMP du transporteur vésiculaire de l'acétylcholine." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR4034.
Full textOne of the first aspect of Alzheimer disease is the dysfunction of the central cholinergic system, inducing the death of cholinergic neurons which involves a reduction in the density of the vesicular acetylcholine transporters (VAChT) localised in these neurons. The quantification of the density of the transporter makes it possible to help with early diagnosis as well as with the therapeutic follow-up of this desease. With this objective, we proposed to develop specific tracers to this transporter. This development rests on the choice of a chemical structure likely to have a strong affinity and selectivity for VAChT. From a literature search, the vesamicol family was chosen to develop our tracers. We chose some interesting compounds in this family (iodobenzovesamicol or IBVM, trozamicol and prezamicol) of which we modified the sturcture at certain places which appeared compatible to us with the recognition of the site of connection with the vacht in order to obtain a radiopharmaceutical usable in SPECT. We synthesized 30 analogues of vesamicol. All products were tested in vitro for their affinities for VAChT. Four compounds was selected for radiolabelling with iodine-125 followed by a biological validation (ex vivo)
De, Gois Stéphanie. "Etude de la régulation de l'expression des gènes imbriqués codant la choline acétyltransferase et le transporteur vésiculaire de l'acétylcholine chez le rat." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066140.
Full textKashani, Alireza. "Les transporteurs vésiculaires du glutamate, VGLUT1 et VGLUT2, dans les maladies de Parkinson et d'Alzheimer." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002323940204611&vid=upec.
Full textHerzog, Etienne. "Caractérisation des transporteurs vésiculaires du glutamate et diversité des systèmes glutamatergiques dans le cerveau de rat." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066156.
Full textGong, Jie. "Les transporteurs vésiculaires du glutamate et la protéine prion dans la rétine humaine et dans celle du rat : de la localisation à la toxine cellulaire rétinienne." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066038.
Full textBedet, Cécile. "Caractérisation de modifications post-traductionnelles des transporteurs vésiculaires de neuromédiateurs : étude d'une phosphorylation du transporteur des acides aminés inhibiteurs." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066028.
Full textRazy-Krajka, Florian. "Etude des systèmes monoaminergiques de l'ascidie Ciona intestinalis : De la différenciation au comportement : hypothèses d'homologies." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA11T005.
Full textCastell, Xavier. "Analyse de l'expression coordonnée et différentielle de deux protéines du système cholinergique : la choline acétyltransférase et le transporteur vésiculaire de l'acétylcholine : implication de l'acide nicotinique adénine dinucléotide phosphate dans la signalisation calcide des neurones spinaux d'embryon de xénope." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066046.
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