Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Transportation resources'
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1
Giovannini, A. "EXPLOITING AVAILABLE URBAN TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES WITH TAXI SHARING AND RAPID TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS: A CASE STUDY FOR MILAN." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/367673.
Abstract:
We assess a bimodal transportation system based on a massive urban on-demand transportation service, named Taxi Sharing, and a rapid Local Public Transportation optimized for users without movement impairments, according to users' traveling and walking time. The aim is to increase, qualitatively and quantitatively, public mobility services by exploiting available urban transportation resources, in order to reduce private motorized mobility and related externalities in urban context. We developed a new technique to optimize a high quality Taxi Sharing service starting from state-of-the-art DARP optimization algorithms. In Taxi Sharing, time windows on pick-up and delivery times are narrow and the service is provided by many small vehicles, taxis. These features allow an enumeration of all possible subsets of incoming users' requests for each vehicle and to compute in real time an optimal set of routes by solving a large set partitioning problem with state-of-the-art integer linear programming solvers. Owing to this fast global optimization capability, the system allows for a high quality service without any need of booking the ride in advance. We present three development scenarios according to demand level, we discuss the performance of the service in terms of number of requests serviced per hour, average travel time and waiting time, number of taxis simultaneously on duty, ride fare and taxi revenue. We explored the possibility of planning, in presence of Taxi Sharing, a rapid LPT optimized for users without movement impairments according to users' traveling and walking time. We based the optimization process on data collected in the field. We evaluated the effects of optimal stops spacing on commercial speed, in relation also to traffic light priority. Obtained results indicate a huge potential increase in efficiency related both to taxi service and to local public transportation.
2
Yang, Jian. "A priori planning and real-time resources allocation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992941.
3
Bartlett, Joseph Hollis. "Impacts of Transportation Infrastructure on Stormwater and Surface Waters in Chittenden County, Vermont, USA." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/426.
Abstract:
Transportation infrastructure is a major source of stormwater runoff that can alter hydrology and contribute significant loading of nutrients, sediment, and other pollutants to surface waters. These increased loads can contribute to impairment of streams in developed areas and ultimately to Lake Champlain. In this study we selected six watersheds that represent a range of road types (gravel and paved) and road densities (rural, suburban, and urban) present in Chittenden County, one of the most developed areas in Vermont. The location and density of road networks were characterized and quantified for each watershed using GIS analysis. Monitoring stations in each watershed were constructed and instrumented to measure discharge and water quality parameters continuously from spring through early winter. Storm event composite samples and monthly water chemistry grab samples were collected and analyzed for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride, and total suspended sediments. Results from this study show that road type and road density are closely linked with the level of impairment in each watershed. Total phosphorus and total nitrogen from storm event composite samples and monthly grab samples significantly increased along a gradient of increasing road network density. Chloride concentrations increased several orders of magnitude along this same gradient. With the exception of Alder Brook where total suspended sediment (TSS) concentrations tended to be high, there were no significant differences in TSS concentrations between rural and developed watersheds. The elevated storm event TSS concentrations in the rural streams suggest that the unpaved roads in the rural watersheds contribute to stormwater runoff loads and that sediment control, at least in the developed watersheds, might be fairly effective. The overall results from this study show that local roads are a significant source of impairment for streams in the Chittenden County area. Most of these roads are municipal roads that are not under management of the Vermont Agency of Transportation. Thus, local actions will be necessary to reduce runoff and pollutant loading from these roads.
4
Schulz, Carsten. "Study of transportation and its planning resources in the German Joint Support Service." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FSchulz.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Sanchez, Susan M.; Second Reader: Baez, Francisco R. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 13, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Transportation, Logistics Battle Command, LVB, Simulation Analysis, Design of Experiments, DOE, Capability Gaps. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83). Also available in print.
5
Lambert, Craig Lee. "Taking the war to Scotland and France : the supply and transportation of English armies by sea, 1320-60." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5747.
Abstract:
This thesis will examine the maritime resources available to Edward II and Edward III. As the majority of the ships utilised by the kings of this period were requisitioned merchant vessels, the inner process of this operation of raising a fleet needs to be studied more closely. In addition, because the supply system that the land based troops relied on was largely conducted at sea, an assessment needs to be made of the nature and effectiveness of the maritime contribution to logistical support. Perhaps, therefore, the main focus of the thesis is to assess quantitatively the contribution made by maritime communities to the supply and transportation of troops during the period 1320-1360. In order fully to assess and understand the contribution made to the wars of Edward II and Edward III by England's merchant marine this thesis will focus on four areas that the ports were most heavily involved with. The first part of the study will focus on the procedural and administrative capabilities of the crown during this period, paying particular attention to the sources that allow the historian to examine such areas. Following on from this, will be an analysis of how the English government requisitioned sufficient numbers of ships to serve in both supply and transport fleets, bringing to light new theories which highlight the complexity of the system utilised by the Edwardian kings. The second section of the thesis will examine the role that ships played in the supply of armies and garrisons within both Scotland and France, as well as their military participation in the expeditions of the period. The English royal campaigns in Scotland between 1322 and 1360 will be investigated. Each campaign will be analysed individually and an assessment of the contribution of the maritime communities will be discussed in relation to the type and amount of victuals transported and the number of ports, ships and mariners involved.46 The period from 1346-60 will be dealt with separately because after Neville's Cross - apart from the Burnt Candlemas - this period was free from major royal invasions, though the supply of the many English garrisons had to be continued. The military naval contribution to the king's wars of the period, specifically in Scotland, will also be assessed because this helps us to understand just how burdensome the demands of the crown on the merchant marine were in this period; and also allows us to discover the overall involvement of individual ships and their crews in the wars of the two Edward's. Failure to examine this dimension of the maritime communities' participation in the wars would leave an incomplete picture as to their involvement. The third area of examination that this thesis will concentrate on is the composition of the many transport fleets of the period. The aim is to discover how many ports, ships and mariners were involved in each royal transport fleet of the period, the geographical spread of the ports contributing ships to the fleets, and how many land based men and horses they were required to transport. In addition the composition of what can be termed 'micro fleets' will be assessed. These are the many small fleets of ships, which transported the king's lieutenants and his diplomatic embassies to France. The fourth and final section of the present research will focus on several issues that have been raised throughout the previous chapters. Of importance are the problems relating to an absence of payrolls for several major royal transport fleets of the period, an increasing tendency for the crown to partly privatise large sections of the supply and transportation systems from 1337, and the effects the Black Death had on the availability of shipping. Furthermore, it will be shown that by examining the maritime participation, alongside the land based operations, in campaigns such as the siege of Calais in 1347 new interpretations can be put forward as to the scale, scope and timing of such expeditions, which have usually been ignored due to the lack of source material from a land army point of view. Moreover, the careers of several masters and mariners, assessing their involvement in the supply and transport fleets, will be put forward with the aim of showing that the masters of the ships were an integral part of the Edwardian military machine, with a collective expertise that was vital to the English war effort. By focusing on such issues this research will be able to form a greater understanding of the size and distribution of the merchant marine of this period. This will be undertaken by comparing all of the individual ships and masters who participated in each separate campaign. It should be possible to locate and record every individual ship involved in campaigns during this period. Each campaign will be compared to the next to see how many unique ships and masters can be seen. This will allow an estimate to be put forward as to the number of individual ships in use from 1320-1360.
6
Fu, Tong. "An exploration of ex post contract adjustment under public private partnership with special investigation of the transportation industry." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10116.
Abstract:
This research focuses on ex post Contract Adjustment (CA) under Public Private Partnership (PPP) program. It includes theoretical exploration and empirical investigation. The former has one model while the latter finishes two sets of regression with a simple simulation. The research question is ‘what are the reason for and consequence of ex post Contract Adjustment (expressed by CA only in following) under PPP?’. PPP has been applied increasingly in developing and developed countries. However, the potential problems surrounding CA under PPP is explored or investigated inadequately by scholars. For one thing, most of literatures in PPP focus on ex ante contract design instead of ex post problems. For another, ex post CA, this topic that should be in New Institutional Economics (NIE) is unfortunately overlooked by NIE. Even some works relate to CA with the focus on some similar topic, e.g. contract renegotiation; CA is treated as a condition instead of process. Considering the inherent incentive of government to rescue firm under ex post risk to keep PPP program going, our model figure out the specific situation when takeover policy of government has be adopted. The basic conclusion of modelling is that holdup problem or uncontrollable ex post CA(s) could force government to terminate PPP in the end. For investigating the compensation effect under ex post CA, author creates data after thirty-two PPP case study. It could be found that ex ante contract and the way of ex post adjustment is meaningful as predicted while ex post risk is not as expected for ex post CA. Based on regression, policy suggestions are given for ex post CA under PPP. Moreover, data are also used for simulation, the corresponding conclusion coincides the conclusion of modelling.
7
Alexander, Michelle M., and John N. Rinne. "Preliminary Observations on the Transportation of Large Woody Organic Debris in Burned and Unburned Headwater Streams, Tonto National Forest, Arizona." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296458.
Abstract:
From the Proceedings of the 1995 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 22, 1995, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
8
Elliott, Maurice C. "The Challenges, Barriers, and Resources in the Integration of Technology in a Department of Transportation Training Program." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6893.
Abstract:
A learning management system (LMS) is a software application used in documentation, administration, tracking, reporting, and the delivery of training programs to support acquiring knowledge through practical problem-solving. There is a lack of widespread use of LMS technology in the training of program analysts. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the challenges or barriers and the necessary resources in the use of technology for this training within a Texas Department of Transportation (DOT) and the best practices in the implementation of the LMS technology in the training of program analysts. The usage of Papert's technology constructionism theory with combination with the technology acceptance model as the framework. The research questions concerned the perceived challenges or barriers in using LMS technology in the training of DOT program analysts and the necessary resources integrating LMS technology at the DOT. The implementation of qualitative methodology with a case study research design that involved semi structured interviews of program analysts and educators from a DOT office in Texas. Yin's 5-phased analysis was used for the case study to analyze interview data. Findings indicated insights toward the enhancement effectiveness of the DOT training. Participants spoke about budgetary issues, lack of well-trained experts, and lag in technology. They discussed both physical, human, and informational resources and best practices for the LMS implementation. They believed support staff should have continuous access to information. This study may aid in the development of a suitable training curriculum in DOT for program analysts.
9
Pettersson, Kevin. "Groundwater Movement and PFAS Transportation in the Vreta-Bålsta Esker." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-423952.
Abstract:
Håbo municipality is looking for alternative drinking water sources for its residence city of Bålsta. One possible source is the Vreta-Bålsta esker located northeast of Bålsta, which could be used for artificial infiltration and extraction of groundwater. Located on this esker is an area called Dragets industrial area, in which several objects of potential contamination have been identified. One of these is a Landfill located in the northern part of the industrial area in which the local fire fighting forces has used this area for training exercises. During these exercises they have used aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) containing Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Some PFASs have demonstrated adverse health effects already at low concentrations and no more than 90ng l-1 is recommended in Swedish drinking water. In order to assess the suitability of the esker as a source for drinking water a model of the esker was created inside the program GMS (Groundwater modeling system). In GMS the package MODFLOW was used to create a groundwater flow model, and the package MT3DMS was used for contamination transport of PFAS from the landfill. The finished model showed a groundwater divide located in the central parts of Dragets industrial area, with the water either running south toward Lake Mälaren or north towards Lilla Ullfjärden. In total three different PFAS species were used in the transport model with the abbreviations PFOS, PFPeA and PFBA. The transport model was created as a point source to see the transport behavior of PFAS from the landfill. This showed that all the contamination transport that occurred would transport the PFAS north towards Lilla Ullfjärden. Based on this result this would mean that a use for artificial infiltration and extraction of groundwater in the southern part of the esker would not pose a contamination risk from the landfill.
10
Xiao, Xiao. "The Role of Transportation in Expanding the Democratic Ideal of National Parks." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/619.
Abstract:
National parks have famously been called "America's best idea" and preserve the nation's natural and cultural resources for the enjoyment of all. One of the current working priorities of the National Park Service (NPS) is enhancing the relevancy and engagement of the national parks with diverse audiences, especially for underserved groups. To address this priority, transportation is needed to provide access to national parks, but transportation may not be equally accessible to all groups in society. Understanding the effects of transportation on visitation to the national parks by racial/ethnic groups is essential for the NPS to improve the accessibility of transportation systems and encourage greater visitation by racial/ethnic minority groups. Moreover, transportation can be more than a means of access, it can also be a form of recreation itself, providing opportunities for visitors to experience and appreciate parks and related areas. But, differences in desirability of transportation recreation opportunities across recreation settings and among racial/ethnic groups are rarely addressed.
The intent of this dissertation is three-fold: 1) identify transportation related barriers impacting visitation to national parks by racial/ethnic groups, and the effects of transportation on the visiting national parks, 2) identify the differences in indicators of the transportation recreation opportunity spectrum among racial/ethnic visitors and across recreation settings, 3) measure spatial accessibility of national parks and the effects of spatial accessibility and other factors on visitation to national parks among racial/ethnic groups. The first phase of research is designed to identify barriers to visiting national parks that are related to marginality, subculture, and discrimination hypotheses, and examine the effects of transportation incentives on visitation among racial/ethnic groups. Study results found that racial/ethnic minority groups visited national parks less frequently than Whites. Hispanics were more likely to perceive transportation-related barriers to visiting national parks than Whites. Moreover, providing transportation incentives can increase visitation by Hispanics significantly. The second phase of research developed indicators for a transportation recreation opportunity spectrum (T-ROS), and examined the differences in desirability for T-ROS indicators among alternative transportation modes, different types of recreation settings, and different racial/ethnic groups. Study results identified the important indicators for transportation service in different types of recreation areas, which can help inform transportation planning and management for the NPS. The final phase of research examined the spatial accessibility of national parks from different geographic locations by incorporating geospatial analytics, assessed the spatial accessibility of different types of national parks among racial/ethnic groups, and estimated the effects of spatial accessibility on visitation to national parks. Results showed that Hispanics and Blacks had higher accessibility to national parks than Whites within short distance radii, however, Blacks and Hispanics were more likely to perceive distance as a barrier to visiting national parks than Whites. Study results can help the NPS understand the spatial structure of national parks, provide visual information for visitors about proximate national parks and recreation opportunities, and identified effective management strategies for enhancing visitation of racial/ethnic minority groups from different geographic areas.
11
Boyce, Valerie Marie. "Workplace violence prevention model : an assessment of Travis County Department of Transportation and Natural Resources' workplace violence prevention program /." View online version, 2009. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/299.
12
Logofatu, Cristina. "Improving communication in a transportation company by using a Web page." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2520.
Abstract:
The Internet has become a very powerful tool in improving communication, making it easier, more convenient, and faster to access or exchange information. This project takes advantage of the strengths the Internet provides by improving communication by developing a web site for a transportation company.
13
Shehu, Habiba. "Innovative hydrocarbons recovery and utilization technology using reactor-separation membranes for off-gases emission during crude oil shuttle tanker transportation and natural gas processing." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/3129.
Abstract:
The increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere, as well as the high rate of depletion of hydrocarbon-based resources have become a global concern. A major source of emissions of hydrocarbon vapours occur during loading and offloading operations in crude oil shuttle tanker transportation. The emitted gases have a typical composition of 60 % N2, 10 % CO2, 5% O2, 5 % C3H8, 10% CH4, 5% C2H6 and 5 % higher hydrocarbons. As a result, various methods aimed to add value to GHG to produce valuable fuels and chemical feedstock are being developed. This work incorporates the use of silica, polyurethane/zeolite and y-type zeolite membrane on an alumina support to selectively permeate methane and carbon dioxide from inert gases and higher hydrocarbons. The recovered gas is upgraded by dry reforming reactions employing rhodium/alumina membrane incorporated into a shell and tube reactor. Mixed gas permeation tests have been carried out with the permeate and feed gases sent to the online gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a mass spectrometry (MS) detector and an automated 6-port gas sampling valve with a 30 mm HP- Plot Q column. The question is what mesoporous membrane can be highly selective for the separation of methane and carbon dioxide from inert gases and higher hydrocarbons, and what is the effect of temperature and feed gas pressure on the conversion of separated gases? Characterisation of the modified membranes was carried out using nitrogen physisorption measurements and showed the hysteresis isotherms corresponding to type IV and V, which is indicative of a mesoporous membrane. The surface area and the pore size were determined using the Barrett, Joyner, Halenda (BJH) desorption method, which showed the silica membrane had a larger surface area (10.69 m2 g-1) compared to zeolite (0.11 m2 g-1) and polyurethane/zeolite membrane (0.31 m2 g-1). Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis confirmed the asymmetric deposition of silica, polyurethane, rhodium and zeolite crystals in the matrix of the alumina support. Single gas permeation tests showed that the synthesised y-type zeolite membrane at 293 K had a CH4/C3H8 selectivity of 3.11, which is higher than the theoretical value of 1.65. The permeating CH4 and C3H8 flux at 373 K and a pressure of 1 x 105 Pa was 0.31 and 0.11 mol s-1 m-2 respectively proving that zeolite has molecular sieving mechanism for separation of methane and propane. The silica membrane exhibited higher effectiveness for the separation of CO2 than the other membranes. For methane dry reforming using a supported rhodium membrane, an increase of the reaction temperature from 973 K to 1173 K showed an increase in conversion rate of CO2 and CH4 from less than 20% to over 90% while increasing the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) did not have a noticeable effect. The study revealed the high potential of the zeolite and rhodium membrane for gas separation and dry reforming reactions concept in creating value-added carbon-based products from CO2 and CH4.
14
Arora, Yukti. "Lithium-ion battery systems: a process flow and systems framework designed for use in the development of life cycle energy model." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53491.
Abstract:
The use of Lithium-ion batteries in the automotive industry has increased tremendously in the last few years. The anticipated increase in demand of lithium to power electric and hybrid cars has prompted researchers to examine the long term sustainability lithium as a transportation resource. To provide a better understanding of future availability, this thesis presents a systems framework for the key processes and materials and energy flows involved in the electric vehicle lithium-ion battery life cycle, on a global scale. This framework tracks the flow of lithium and energy inputs and outputs from extraction, to production, to on road use, and all the way to end of life recycling and disposal. This process flow model is the first step in developing a life cycle analysis model for lithium that will eventually help policymakers assess the future role of lithium battery recycling, and at what point in time establishing a recycling infrastructure becomes imminent.
15
Grigonis, Vytautas. "Miesto struktūros įtaka energetinių resursų suvartojimuivežant keleivius." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20051110_123850-20687.
Abstract:
A modern town is comprised of complex interrelations between socio-political, environmental and economical subsystems. Every city is a framework directed by local inhabitant’s needs and is filled with the ideas of local planners, local and global economical conditions and consequently it is crucial to find reasonable technological solutions. These solutions should shape the sustainable urban environment and the urban transport system is a substantial part of this environment. The quality and supply of transport services very closely relate to environmental aspects and are one of the main indicators showing the quality of life in cities.
Transport is the most energy intensive sector of transport and is viewed as a key challenge for sustainable development. Transport causes pollution that has adverse effects on the environment at the local, regional and global levels and harms human health. Integrated approaches to transportation that include improved planning, demand management, fuel efficiency and cleaner fuels can help to meet transport’s challenges. There are three main groups of tools to reduce fuel consumption and emissions: technological, administrational, and planning.
One of the main strategic objectives of the Lithuanian transport sector is development of its infrastructure, increase of transport flows and energy efficiency. Therefore, the Lithuanian policy is orientated to secured operation, traffic safety, reduction of environmental impacts, market regulation and... [to full text]
16
Grigonis, Vytautas. "Miesto struktūros įtaka energetinių resursų suvartojimui vežant keleivius." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20051111_142826-11159.
Abstract:
A modern town is comprised of complex interrelations between socio-political, environmental and economical subsystems. Every city is a framework directed by local inhabitant’s needs and is filled with the ideas of local planners, local and global economical conditions and consequently it is crucial to find reasonable technological solutions. These solutions should shape the sustainable urban environment and the urban transport system is a substantial part of this environment. The quality and supply of transport services very closely relate to environmental aspects and are one of the main indicators showing the quality of life in cities.
Transport is the most energy intensive sector of transport and is viewed as a key challenge for sustainable development. Transport causes pollution that has adverse effects on the environment at the local, regional and global levels and harms human health. Integrated approaches to transportation that include improved planning, demand management, fuel efficiency and cleaner fuels can help to meet transport’s challenges. There are three main groups of tools to reduce fuel consumption and emissions: technological, administrational, and planning.
One of the main strategic objectives of the Lithuanian transport sector is development of its infrastructure, increase of transport flows and energy efficiency. Therefore, the Lithuanian policy is orientated to secured operation, traffic safety, reduction of environmental impacts, market regulation and... [to full text]
17
Blackett, Nina Jane. "Mediated transparency : truth, truthfulness, and rightness in digital healthcare discourse." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/941/.
Abstract:
This thesis addresses the challenges of producing digitally mediated healthcare information, a high-stakes arena which is conceptualised as a complex discourse and its diverse producers as interlocutors within this discourse. The study is located theoretically in the tradition of universal or formal pragmatics, the foundation of Habermas’s theory of communicative action. Building on this theoretical core a conceptual framework is developed that integrates insight from several other traditions, including communication studies. The notion of communicative transparency is aligned with the idealised goal of a rich informational context supporting a range of perspectives in movement towards a balanced and consensual understanding by lay and expert actors of healthcare in our world. The central research question is: Can digital mediation increase the transparency of healthcare communication? The empirical focus rests on two organisations involved in the creation of digital information products. Key mediators of meaning in digital healthcare information are identified as the diverse types of expertise of its producers, the materiality of digital artefacts, and the communicative mechanisms, processes and practices that often lead to departures from the normative idealised standard of transparency. The methodology is a comparative case analysis based on field research employing principally interviews to build a rich corpus, analysed using a recursive in-depth thematic coding procedure to reveal the ways in which digitally mediated healthcare meanings are shaped and shared. The study demonstrates how communicative transparency emerges from shared frames of reference and common models of communication. It is concluded that digital mediation can indeed increase the transparency of healthcare information by supporting the deepening of Habermasian rational discourse, providing that validity claims to truth, truthfulness, and rightness can be raised and resolved at all stages in the discourse among all interlocutors, whatever their role and status.
18
Arriagada, Arturo. "Cultural mediators and the everyday making of 'digital capital' in contemporary Chile." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/913/.
Abstract:
This thesis studies processes of cultural mediation and the role of digital media within them. It is based on the experiences of a group of cultural mediators within a particular music scene in contemporary Chile, and focuses on actors’ meaningful repertoires of action, their material arrangements and their relation with information and communication technologies (ICTs). ‘Mediation’ in a broader sense means processes through which human and non-human agencies produce and shape meanings, attaching them to various cultural flows such as information, images, and identities. As cultural mediators, actors define the music scene, curating and circulating through digital media various flows which they deem worthy of being considered by audiences, and distinguishing themselves across different fields. The thesis is based on nine months of fieldwork (2011) in Santiago, following the everyday practices of the creators of eight music websites through which global and local cultural flows are mediated, organised, and circulated. It analyses how various technological devices facilitate individuals’ construction of networks where cultural flows circulate, and through which their uses of taste are displayed and objectified. It proposes the concept of ‘digital capital’ as an assemblage of actors, practices, objects, and meanings, which is convertible into other types of capital (e.g. economic) and exchangeable in various fields. It is a mode of practice and expertise through which, using digital technologies, individuals create networks where cultural flows circulate. Through the making of websites, music fans become cultural mediators, developing their digital capital as cultural and technical expertise. This expertise is convertible into economic capital and positionality across different fields, especially the field of advertising. Digital capital can be summarised in the question: ‘what are the connections and associations between technical knowledge, cultural flows, and social position, as well as conversions of capital, behind someone who is using Twitter or Facebook, or making a website about a music scene?’ Against this backdrop, it is explored how actors produce and perform ‘cultures of mediation’, commoditising culture as consumption goods.
19
Akkas, Arzum 1978. "Transportation resource scheduling in food retail industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28505.
Abstract:
Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-88).
The objective of this thesis is to find an appropriate analytical method for scheduling the daily driver tasks in the grocery industry. The goal is to maximize driver utilization. A "Bin-packing" approach is employed to solve the problem. A Bin-packing problem concerns packing a list of items into the minimal number of unit capacity bins. In our problem, the drivers correspond to the bins and the daily delivery tasks are equivalent to the items, where we use time units to measure bin capacity. The model is applied to characterize the operation of a grocery company. Several bin-packing algorithms are implemented on two weeks of delivery data, which represent the company's transportation demand. The driver requirements are calculated and compared with their actual assets. Driver requirements are assessed on a per-day basis, considering the volatility in transportation demand over the course of the week. The performance of a given bin-packing algorithm is measured by how well it maximizes driver utilization and balances the workload among the drivers. The model's solution generated labor savings and proved that better resource allocation is possible by considering the demands of the various dispatching locations and the days of the week. Extension of the current model to capture the time window constraints of the delivery locations is proposed for future further research.
by Arzum Akkas.
M.Eng.in Logistics
20
Judy, James M. "An intra-theater transportation system simulation to assist logisticians in transportation resource planning and implementation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23707.
21
Carbajal, Orozco Jose Antonio. "Transportation resource management in large-scale freight consolidation networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42758.
Abstract:
This dissertation proposes approaches that enable effective planning and control of mobile transportation resources in large-scale consolidation networks. We develop models, algorithms, and methodologies that are applied to fleet sizing and fleet repositioning. Three specific but interrelated problems are studied. The first two relate to the trade-offs between fleet size and repositioning costs in transportation resource management, while the third involves a dynamic empty repositioning problem with explicit consideration of the uncertainty of future requirements that will be revealed over time.
Chapter 1 provides an overview of freight trucking, including the consolidation trucking systems that will be the focus of this research.
Chapter 2 proposes an optimization modeling approach for analyzing the trade-off between the cost of a larger fleet of tractors and the cost of repositioning tractors for a trucking company operating a consolidation network, such as a less-than-truckload (LTL) company. Specifically, we analyze the value of using extra tractor repositioning moves (in addition to the ones required to balance resources throughout the network) to attain savings in the fixed costs of owning or leasing a tractor fleet during a planning horizon. The primary contributions of the research in this chapter are that (1) we develop the first optimization models that explore the impact of fleet size reductions via repositioning strategies that have regularity and repeatability properties, and (2) we demonstrate that substantial savings in operational costs can be achieved by repositioning tractors in anticipation of regional changes in freight demand.
Chapter 3 studies the optimal Pareto frontiers between the fleet size and repositioning costs of resources required to perform a fixed aperiodic or periodic schedule of transportation requests. We model resource schedules in two alternative ways: as flows on event-based, time-expanded networks; and as perfect matchings on bipartite networks. The main contributions from this chapter are that (1) we develop an efficient re-optimization procedure to compute adjacent Pareto points that significantly reduces the time to compute the entire Pareto frontier of fleet size versus repositioning costs in aperiodic networks, (2) we show that the natural extension to compute adjacent Pareto points in periodic networks does not work in general as it may increase the fleet size by more than one unit, and (3) we demonstrate that the perfect matching modeling framework is frequently intractable for large-scale instances.
Chapter 4 considers robust models for dynamic empty-trailer repositioning problems in very large-scale consolidation networks. We investigate approaches that deploy two-stage robust optimization models in a rolling horizon framework to address a multistage dynamic empty repositioning problem in which information is revealed over time. Using real data from a national package/parcel express carrier, we develop and use a simulation to evaluate the performance of repositioning plans in terms of unmet loaded requests and execution costs. The main contributions from this chapter are that (1) we develop approaches for embedding two-stage robust optimization models within a rolling horizon framework for dynamic empty repositioning, (2) we demonstrate that such approaches enable the solution of very large-scale instances, and (3) we show that less conservative implementations of robust optimization models are required within rolling horizon frameworks.
Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes the main conclusions from this dissertation and discusses directions for further research.
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Doerner, Karl, Richard F. Hartl, and Marc Reimann. "Cooperative ant colonies for optimizing resource allocation in transportation." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2000. http://epub.wu.ac.at/566/1/document.pdf.
Abstract:
In this paper we propose an ACO approach, where two colonies of ants aim to optimize total costs in a transportation network. This main objective consists of two sub goals, namely fleet size minimization and minimization of the vehicle movement costs, which are conflicting for some regions of the solution space. Thus, our two ant colonies optimize one of these subgoals each and communicate information concerning solution quality. Our results show the potential of the proposed method.Series: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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Krause, Vivian Sanches. "Influencia e representação espacial de alguns parametros ambientais relacionados ao perigo de contaminação de cursos d'agua." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257839.
Abstract:
Orientador: Antonio Carlos ZuffoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: O risco de acidentes rodoviários com produtos perigosos tem estimulado estudos que possam prever os locais mais críticos a essas ocorrências e seus efeitos em relação à contaminação do solo, da água e suas conseqüências à saúde humana. O mapeamento de risco é uma das formas de obter essas informações, tendo a vantagem de proporcionar uma leitura clara da informação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar mapa que represente a potencialidade de risco de contaminação dos recursos hídricos, que poderá ser utilizado como ferramenta para os gestores de bacias nos planos de prevenção de acidentes e sistemas de alerta. Foi escolhida como área de estudo a bacia hidrográfica do rio Cotia em virtude da sua importância para o abastecimento de água da zona oeste da Grande São Paulo, além de ser uma área com grande desenvolvimento industrial no eixo da rodovia Raposo Tavares, que corta a bacia. O mapa foi obtido por meio da utilização da metodologia de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (IDRISI 3.2), o qual foi produzido com uma visão genérica da problemática, dando maior importância às vias de maior tráfego em relação aos recursos hídricos, a declividade da área e a permeabilidade de solo. O mapa elaborado demonstrou ser capaz de representar a potencialidade ao risco de contaminação de determinada área, podendo ser usado como ferramenta no auxílio da prevenção e remediação de acidentes. Esta metodologia pode ser adaptada para outras bacias, subsidiando os gestores a alocar equipes e recursos para o atendimento emergencial, agilizando o processo de resgate e contenção de produto e também pode ser utilizado no planejamento de outras bacias
Abstract: The highway accidents risk with hazardous materials have been stimulating studies to forecast what are the critical locations that these accidents can occur and how they affect the soil and water contamination, as well as their consequences to human health. One way of getting a clear picture of this information is the risk mapping. This study aims to elaborate a risk map of potential water resources contamination, and can be used by watershed managers in the accident prevention and alert system. Due to its water supply importance to the west of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo and because of its significant industrial development around the Raposo Tavares highway, the Rio Cotia watershed was chosen for this study. The methodology is based on the Geographic Information System (IDRISI 3.2), and the map was elaborated with a generic view of the problem, focusing on roads with heavy traffic near water resources, local slope and soil permeability. The map elaborated represents the contamination risk potential of the studied area, and can be used as a support tool in accident prevention and remediation. This methodology can be adapted to other basins, allowing managers to relocate teams and resources in case of emergency and accelerating the product rescue and restrain. It can also be used for other water basins planning
Mestrado
Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Pereira, Márcia de Andrade. "Ensino-aprendizagem em um contexto dinâmico - o caso de planejamento de transportes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-17062005-182009/.
Abstract:
As rápidas mudanças causadas pelo avanço tecnológico e pelo processo de globalização reforçam a necessidade de se redefinir o perfil do engenheiro para atender as exigências tanto do mercado de trabalho como da sociedade. O surgimento de novas técnicas e ferramentas de análise é uma conseqüência natural deste avanço tecnológico e científico e deveria ser rapidamente incorporado a cursos com forte base tecnológica, como a Engenharia. O desafio para que isto efetivamente ocorra é que o tempo dedicado às disciplinas não pode mais ser ampliado para incorporar novos conteúdos. No entanto, a hipótese desta pesquisa é que, ao mesmo tempo em que fazem parte do problema, as novas tecnologias podem fornecer os recursos necessários para a sua solução. Neste contexto, um novo paradigma para o ensino-aprendizagem é necessário, sendo importante para isto, reconhecer não somente o potencial papel do computador e das ferramentas a ele associadas, como também compreender os diferentes estilos de aprendizagem. Diante disto, o objetivo deste trabalho de tese é explorar e avaliar alternativas para adequação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem ao contexto de rápidas e constantes inovações hoje observado, fazendo-se uso de recursos da hipermídia, fundamentada nos conceitos do construtivismo e testada a partir da introdução de conteúdos inovadores em uma disciplina que trata de Planejamento de Transportes. Através dessa disciplina procurou-se avaliar se os alunos seriam capazes, com a abordagem proposta, de absorver novos tópicos sem comprometer o conteúdo programático tradicional. Para tanto, complementou-se o paradigma tradicional com diversas alternativas pedagógicas (trabalhos em grupo, CD educativo, pesquisas na Internet, WebCT, etc.) em uma turma do terceiro ano do curso de Engenharia Civil. Os resultados encontrados indicam que as alternativas consideradas contribuíram de alguma forma para o aprimoramento da metodologia tradicional, apresentando resultados positivos para o aprendizado. Pode-se afirmar assim que a contribuição desse trabalho para o ensino de Engenharia de Transportes foi significativa, na medida em que demonstra que é possível aprimorar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, inclusive incorporando novos conteúdos, mesmo diante de uma grade curricular rígida.The fast changes produced by the technological development and by the globalization process highlight the need for a new profile of an engineer that can meet the demands of the labor market and of the society. The emergence of new techniques and analyses tools is a natural consequence of that technological and scientific development and it should be immediately incorporated into courses with a strong technological basis, such as Engineering. The challenge to do so is the time constraint imposed to disciplines, which can no longer be increased to include additional topics. However, the hypothesis of this research is that although the new technologies are part of the problem, they can also provide the resources needed for its solution. In such a context, a new paradigm for the teaching learning process is required, in which not only the potential role of the computer itself and of the tools associated to are acknowledged, but also the different learning styles of the students should be taken into account. Therefore, the objective of this research work is to search and evaluation of alternatives for adapting the teaching-learning process to the context of fast and constant innovations currently observed. This is achieved by using multimedia resources for exploring concepts of constructivism, tested with the inclusion of innovative concepts in a Transportation Planning discipline. This experiment was meant to evaluate if the students would be able to grasp new topics along with the long-established contents with the proposed approach. The traditional paradigm was then combined with several pedagogical alternatives (team work, educational CD-ROM, research on Internet, WebCT, etc.) in a Civil Engineering attended by third-year students. The results found indicate that the alternatives considered have contributed to some extent, to the improvement of the traditional teaching method, bringing positive outcomes to the learning process. Therefore, one can conclude that this study brought a valuable contribution for Transportation Engineering education, given that the teaching-learning process was improved while making possible the inclusion of new topics even in a very inflexible grid course.
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Mellou, Konstantina. "Resource scheduling and optimization in dynamic and complex transportation settings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122387.
Abstract:
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-151).
Resource optimization has always been a challenge both in traditional fields, such as logistics, and particularly so in most emerging systems in the sharing economy. These systems are by definition founded on the sharing of resources among users, which naturally creates many coordination needs as well as challenges to ensure enough resource supply to cover customer demand. This thesis addresses these challenges in the application of vehicle sharing systems, as well as in the context of multi-operation companies that provide a wide range of services to their users. More specifically, the first part of this thesis focuses on models and algorithms for the optimization of bike sharing systems. Shortage of bikes and docks is a common issue in bike sharing systems, and, to tackle this problem, operators use a fleet of vehicles to redistribute bikes across the network.
We study multiple aspects of these operations, and develop models that can capture all user trips that are performed successfully in the system, as well as algorithms that generate complete redistribution plans for the operators to maximize the served demand, in running times that are fast enough to allow real-time information to be taken into account. Furthermore, we propose an approach for the estimation of the actual user demand which takes into account both the lost demand (users that left the system due to lack of bikes or docks) and shifted demand (users that had to walk to nearby stations to find available resources). More accurate demand representations can then be used to inform better decisions for the daily operations, as well as the long-term planning of the system. The second part of this thesis is focused on schedule generation for resources of large companies that must support a complex set of operations.
Different operation types come with a variety of constraints and requirements that need to be taken into account. Moreover, specialized employees with a variety of skills and experience levels are required, along with an heterogeneous fleet of vehicles with various properties (e.g., refrigerator vehicles). We introduce the Complex Event Scheduling Problem (CESP), which captures known problems such as pickup-and-delivery and technician scheduling as special cases. We then develop a unified optimization framework for CESP, which relies on a combination of metaheuristics (ALNS) and Linear Programming. Our experiments show that our framework scales to large problem instances, and may help companies and organizations improve operation efficiency (e.g., reduce fleet size).
by Konstantina Mellou.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center
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Ara?jo, Luis Ant?nio Soares de. "O Pr?mio Nacional de Qualidade e as pol?ticas e pr?ticas de recursos humanos :um estudo em empresas do setor de transporte p?blico por ?nibus da regi?o metropolitana de Natal/RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14981.
Abstract:
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Previous issue date: 2006-05-19This work has goal of analyzing the practices of Human Resources in the per missionary enterprises of urban transportation, by bus, in the metropolitan region of de Natal, based on the standard person of the National Program of Quality 2004 and points if they are able to take part as prize-winning in this standard. Also this work aims, through a theoretical evolution of people management and its current practices, the history of the National prize Quality and its main standards, the importance of the urban transportation, its characteristics and the system itself in the metropolitan region of Natal. The research was carried out in 11 enterprises that operated in the area, with several dimensions and forms of management. The research variations were based on the standard person of the 2004 NPQ that deals with the system of work, preparation and development and life quality. In the statistical treatment, discriminated and exploiting analyses were applied. The main obtained results through the research, we can verify an administrative centralization in managers and owners hands; that 45% of the enterprises don t have a Human Resources Department, however, on the other hand, they practice some human Resources politics, indicated by the variations; as to the items system of work, 55% of the enterprises are able; preparing and development, 43%
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as pol?ticas e pr?ticas de Recursos Humanos nas empresas permission?rias de transporte urbano por ?nibus da Regi?o Metropolitana da Grande Natal. O estudo foi realizado com base no crit?rio pessoa, do Pr?mio Nacional de Qualidade 2004, de modo a verificar se os participantes est?o aptos a concorrerem ? premia??o segundo os crit?rios estabelecidos. Este Trabalho busca, tamb?m, por meio de pesquisa te?rica, resgatar resumidamente os conceitos de pol?ticas de Recursos Humanos, em especial o modelo proposta por Chiavenato, e a hist?ria do Pr?mio Nacional de Qualidade e seus principais Crit?rios, apresentando, ainda, a import?ncia e as caracter?sticas do sistema de transporte urbano por ?nibus, em geral, e do sistema de transporte por ?nibus da Regi?o Metropolitana da Grande Natal. A pesquisa foi realizada em 11 empresas que atuam nessa ?rea, com diversos portes e formas de gerenciamento. As vari?veis da pesquisa s?o baseadas no crit?rio pessoas do PNQ 2004, relacionado ao Sistema de Trabalho, Capacita??o e Desenvolvimento e Qualidade de Vida. No tratamento estat?stico, foram utilizadas an?lises descritivas e explorat?rias. Atrav?s da pesquisa de campo foi poss?vel uma caracteriza??o das empresas pesquisadas (estrutura administrativa, quantidade de funcion?rios, rela??es trabalhistas, gerenciamento, tempo de perman?ncia no mercado, origem, ?reas que comp?em os Recursos Humanos e identifica??o das fun??es da empresas). Dessa investiga??o, obteve-se, com resultado: A identifica??o da estrutura e da forma de administra??o nessas empresas; O perfil dos dirigentes e as pol?ticas adotadas; A constata-se ainda que, nos itens Sistema de Trabalho e Qualidade de Vida, a maioria das empresas est? apta a participar do Pr?mio. Isso tamb?m foi revelado no item Capacita??o e Desenvolvimento
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Runhem, Lovisa. "Resource efficient travel mode recognition." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217897.
Abstract:
In this report we attempt to provide insights to how a resource efficient solution for transportation mode recognition can be implemented on a smartphone using the accelerometer and magnetometer as sensors for data collection. The proposed system uses a hierarchical classification process where instances are first classified as vehicles or non-vehicles, then as wheel or rail vehicles, and lastly as belonging to one of the transportation modes: bus, car, motorcycle, subway, or train. A virtual gyroscope is implemented as a low-power source of simulated gyroscope data. Features are extracted from the accelerometer, magnetometer and virtual gyroscope readings that are sampled at 30 Hz, before they are classified using machine learning algorithms from the WEKA machine learning library. An Android application was developed to classify real-time data, and the resource consumption of the application was measured using the Trepn profiler application. The proposed system achieves an overall accuracy of 82.7% and a vehicular accuracy of 84.9% using a 5 second window with 75% overlap while having an average power consumption of 8.5 mW.I denna rapport försöker vi ge insikter om hur en resurseffektiv lösning för transportlägesigenkänning kan implementeras på en smartphone genom att använda accelerometern och magnetometern som sensorer för datainsamling. Det föreslagna systemet använder en hierarkisk klassificeringsprocess där instanser först klassificeras som fordon eller icke-fordon, sedan som hjul- eller järnvägsfordon, och slutligen som tillhörande ett av transportsätten: buss, bil, motorcykel, tunnelbana eller tåg. Ett virtuellt gyroskop implementeras som en lågenergi källa till simulerad gyroskopdata. Olika särdrag extraheras från accelerometer, magnetometer och virtuella gyroskopläsningar som samlas in vid 30 Hz, innan de klassificeras med hjälp av maskininlärningsalgoritmer från WEKA-maskinlärningsbiblioteket. En Android-applikation har utvecklats för att klassificera realtidsdata, och programmets resursförbrukning mättes med hjälp av Trepn profiler-applikationen. Det föreslagna systemet uppnår en övergripande noggrannhet av 82.7% och en fordonsnoggrannhet av 84.9% genom att använda ett 5 sekunders fönster med 75% överlappning med en genomsnittlig energiförbrukning av 8.5 mW.
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Hatzenbühler, Jonas. "Transition Towards Fixed-Line Autonomous Bus Transportation Systems." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Transportplanering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-272008.
Abstract:
In the last years the steady development of autonomous driving technology has enabled the deployment of more mature autonomous vehicles. These vehicles have been applied in several pilot projects worldwide, most commonly in the form of small buses. At the same time, the amount of people traveling in especially urban areas is continuously growing, resulting in more trips in the transportation system. An efficient transportation system is therefore required to serve the growing passenger demand. Autonomous buses (AB) are assumed to have lower operational costs and with that public transport (PT) systems can potentially be designed more efficiently to facilitate the increased demand better. In this study, an AB specific simulation-based optimization framework is proposed which allows analyzing the impacts AB have on line-based PT systems. The thesis focuses on the transition from existing PT systems towards line-based PT systems operated partially or exclusively by AB. Existing work on PT service design is extended so that realistic AB systems can be investigated. This is achieved by (i) using AB specific operator cost formulations, (ii) integrating infrastructure costs required for AB operations, (iii) utilizing a dynamic, stochastic and schedule-based passenger assignment model for the simulation of PT networks and by (iv) formulating a multi-objective optimization problem allowing to investigate the stakeholder-specific impacts of AB. In Paper I the effects of AB, concerning service frequency and vehicle capacity, on fixed-line PT networks are investigated. Among other metrics, the changes are evaluated based on differences in level of service and passenger flow. Additionally, the sequential introduction of AB in existing PT systems is studied. The framework addresses a case study in Kista, Sweden. The study confirmed the initial hypothesis that the deployment of AB leads to an increase in service frequency and a marginal reduction in vehicle capacity. Furthermore, it could be seen that the deployment of AB increases the passenger load on AB lines and that passengers can shift from other PT modes towards the AB services. Paper II incorporates a multi-objective heuristic optimization algorithm in the simulation framework. The study investigates changes in transport network design based on the deployment of AB. The differences in user-focused and operator-focused network design are analyzed and the impact of AB on these is quantified. This study is applied to a case study in Barkarby, Sweden where a full-sized, line-based PT network is designed to exclusively operate AB. Among other findings, we show that the autonomous technology reduces the number of served bus stops and reduces the total PT network size. Additionally, average passenger waiting time can be reduced when deploying AB on user-focused PT networks, which in turn leads to a further reduction of user cost.De senaste årens framsteg inom autonom körteknik har lett till mer mogna autonoma fordon. Dessa fordon har setts tillämpas i flera pilotprojekt över hela världen, oftast i form av små bussar. Samtidigt växer mängden människor som reser, särskilt i stadsområden, kontinuerligt vilket resulterar i fler resor i transportsystemet. Därför krävs ett effektivt transportsystem för att tillgodose det växande antalet passagerare. Autonoma bussar (AB) antas ha lägre driftskostnader och därmed kan system för kollektivtrafik (public transport, PT) potentiellt utformas mer effektivt för att underlätta den ökade efterfrågan bättre. I denna studie föreslås ett AB-specifikt simuleringsbaserat optimeringsramverk som gör det möjligt att analysera effekterna AB har på linjebaserade PT-system. Avhandlingen fokuserar på övergången från befintliga PT-system till linjebaserade PT-system som delvis eller uteslutande drivs av AB. Befintligt arbete med PT-tjänstdesign utvidgas så att realistiska AB-system kan undersökas. Detta uppnås genom att (i) använda AB-specifika operatörskostnadsformuleringar, (ii) integrera infrastrukturkostnader som krävs för AB-verksamhet, (iii) använda en dynamisk, stokastisk och schemabaserad modell för att tilldela passagerare vid simulering av PT-nät samt genom att (iv) formulera ett multifunktionellt optimeringsproblem som gör det möjligt att undersöka AB: s intressespecifika effekter. I artikel I undersöks effekterna av AB, med avseende på servicefrekvens och fordonskapacitet, på fasta linjer i PT-nät. Förändringar utvärderas bland annat utifrån skillnader i servicenivå och passagerarflöde. Dessutom studeras den sekventiella introduktionen av AB i befintliga PT-system. Det föreslagna ramverket tillämpas på en fallstudie i Kista, Sverige. Studien bekräftade den initiala hypotesen att utplaceringen av AB leder till en ökning av servicefrekvensen och en marginell minskning av fordonens kapacitet. Vidare kunde man se att utplaceringen av AB ökar passagerarbelastningen på AB-linjer och att passagerare kan skifta från andra PT-former mot AB-tjänsterna. Artikel II integrerar en multifunktionell heuristisk optimeringsalgoritm i ramverket för simuleringen. Studien undersöker förändringar i transportnätverkets design baserat på implementeringen av AB. Skillnaderna i användarfokuserad och operatörsfokuserad nätverksdesign analyseras och AB: s inverkan på dessa kvantifieras. Denna studie tillämpas på en fallstudie i Barkarby, Sverige, där ett fullstort linjebaserat PT-nät är utformat för att exklusivt driva AB. Vi visar bland annat att den autonoma tekniken reducerar antalet använda busshållplatser och reducerar den totala PT-nätstorleken. Dessutom kan implementeringen av AB på användarfokuserade PT-nät ytterligare förbättra servicenivån främst genom att minska den genomsnittliga väntetiden per passagerare.
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潘建成 and Kin-shing Pun. "Transportation and socio-economic development in a resource-based region: the case of Hainan Island." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209968.
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Galvin, James J. "Air Traffic Control Resource Management Strategies and the Small Aircraft Transportation System: A System Dynamics Perspective." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29988.
Abstract:
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is leading a research effort to develop a Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) that will expand air transportation capabilities to hundreds of underutilized airports in the United States. Most of the research effort addresses the technological development of the small aircraft as well as the systems to manage airspace usage and surface activities at airports. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) will also play a major role in the successful implementation of SATS, however, the administration is reluctant to embrace the unproven concept.
The purpose of the research presented in this dissertation is to determine if the FAA can pursue a resource management strategy that will support the current radar-based Air Traffic Control (ATC) system as well as a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS)-based ATC system required by the SATS. The research centered around the use of the System Dynamics modeling methodology to determine the future behavior of the principle components of the ATC system over time.
The research included a model of the ATC system consisting of people, facilities, equipment, airports, aircraft, the FAA budget, and the Airport and Airways Trust Fund. The model generated system performance behavior used to evaluate three scenarios. The first scenario depicted the base case behavior of the system if the FAA continued its current resource management practices. The second scenario depicted the behavior of the system if the FAA emphasized development of GPS-based ATC systems. The third scenario depicted a combined resource management strategy that supplemented radar systems with GPS systems.
The findings of the research were that the FAA must pursue a resource management strategy that primarily funds a radar-based ATC system and directs lesser funding toward a GPS-based supplemental ATC system. The most significant contribution of this research was the insight and understanding gained of how several resource management strategies and the presence of SATS aircraft may impact the future US Air Traffic Control system.Ph. D.
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Hendren, Patricia G. "Evaluating the link between resource allocation decisions and transportation performance measures : seventeen years of spending on our roads /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Liu, Ying. "Acoustic wave propagation in radially layered cylindrical waveguides and its application in fluid energy resource exploration and transportation." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2492.
Abstract:
Radially layered cylindrical acoustic waveguide is one of the most common waveguide structures, as well as a physical model prototype for many practical applications, such as boreholes and buried pipelines. Study on the wave propagation in radial-layered cylindrical waveguides can provide a theoretical basis for acoustic methods in reservoir exploration and fluid resource transportation, including acoustic well logging, underground pipeline detection and location. This PhD study is conducted from two aspects: one is the monopole acoustic well logging in determining velocities of heterogenous formation based on the borehole acoustics; and the other is research on acoustic wave propagation within buried pipeline systems based on the thin shell theory.
A theoretical model is established firstly to investigate the characteristics of wavefield within a borehole surrounded by heterogeneous formation, where an additional layer with different velocities from original homogenous formation is included to simulate the radial velocity distribution in practice. The arrival time difference and P-wave amplitude variation in time domain are observed and compared against the waveforms from homogeneous formation model. In order to study the contributing factors of wave amplitude variation, the current head wave theory is employed and its applicability in heterogeneous formation model is also investigated. It is found that the velocity difference of two formation layers, Poisson's ratio difference, the thickness of the additional layer and the source frequency contribute together to determine the magnitude of the disturbance to the original homogenous formation, which is the main applicable condition of the current head wave theory.
Based on our established forward mode, the simulated waveforms in time domain are found to carry the valuable information of heterogeneous formation velocities. Therefore, a stepwise inversion method is proposed to image the radial profiles of formation P- and S-wave velocities. Instead of determining the formation velocity variation and its corresponding radial position simultaneously as traditional methods do, the inversion procedure is divided into two steps: 1) the velocity array is determined by semblance processing of contiguous receiver pairs of acoustic array data; and 2) the thickness of the layer (radial position) is obtained based on ray theory. The modelling-based inversion results and the application to field data validates its efficiency and accuracy in profiling both P- and S -wave velocities of formation.
Buried pipeline systems share the same category of physical model prototype with borehole, i.e. a radial-layered cylindrical waveguide. However, the thickness of pipe wall is usually very smaller or much smaller than the radius. To address this special case, various thin shell theories have been developed. In this research, an established analytical model of buried fluid-filled pipes is deployed to study the axisymmetric wave motion. The behaviour of gas dominated wave is investigated and compared against water-dominated wave. It is observed that the gas-dominated wave in gas pipes cannot radiate into surrounded soil as effectively as water-dominated wave in water pipes because of the weak coupling between gas and pipe-soil. For buried gas pipes, the soil displacements due to radiation of shell-dominated wave are stronger than gas-dominated wave, which differs from buried water pipe. Hence, exciting shell dominated wave is beneficial to generating stronger vibration signals and obtaining the location information, which would optimise the current vibro-acoustic method in locating buried gas pipes.
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Tsogbetse, Israël. "Etude de codages et voisinages d'un espace de recherche. Application à l'ordonnancement de tâches dans des cas contraints." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCA001.
Abstract:
Les métaheuristiques sont des méthodes de résolution de problèmes d'optimisation qui se basent majoritairement sur une représentation abstraite des solutions sous forme de codage direct ou indirect. L’amélioration d’une solution ou d’un ensemble de solutions en parallèle se fait via des manipulations de ces codages et des algorithmes d’évaluation de la qualité des solutions associées. Le passage d'une solution à une autre implique l'utilisation d'un ou plusieurs opérateurs qui permettent d'explorer l'espace de recherche. En général, les métaheuristiques exploitent ces opérateurs pour améliorer itérativement les solutions jusqu'à l'atteinte d'un optimum local (ou global). Une pléthore de métaheuristiques a été proposée pour résoudre les problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire dont les problèmes d'ordonnancement de tâches. Elles sont souvent dédiées à des classes spécifiques d'instances. Dans ce contexte, les chercheurs proposent fréquemment des algorithmes qui combinent diverses méthodes, en s’attachant à ajuster au mieux les paramètres des différentes parties de leurs algorithmes, mais les performances obtenues restent souvent comparables et l’efficacité dépendante de la classe d’instances résolues. Bien que les codages de solutions et les opérateurs de voisinage soient reconnus comme étant des composants essentiels au sein des métaheuristiques, ils sont rarement examinés conjointement de manière analytique et scientifique.Cette thèse se propose de caractériser les codages de solutions et les opérateurs de voisinage usuellement utilisés en ordonnancement, et particulièrement pour le problème de type job shop et une de ses variantes, pour lesquels on cherche à minimiser le makespan. L'ambition est d'exploiter les propriétés des espaces de recherche induits par ces codages et opérateurs, dans le but d'améliorer la conception des métaheuristiques. La démarche que nous avons appliquée dans notre étude est structurée en deux volets principaux avec une gradation de la complexité du problème de job shop. Le premier volet porte sur la caractérisation d'espaces de recherche à travers une analyse de paysage de fitness, en utilisant des métriques issues de la littérature. Le second volet concerne l'évaluation des performances de diverses associations de codages et d'opérateurs de voisinage dans l'optique de dégager d'éventuelles corrélations avec les propriétés du paysage, pour l'émission de préconisations pour la conception de métaheuristiques. Cette démarche est utilisée dans un premier temps pour un job shop de base, puis pour une variante plus contrainte du job shop : le job shop flexible avec contraintes de transport. Nos travaux mettent en évidence la difficulté de lier les performances des associations testées avec les métriques usuelles. La comparaison des résultats obtenus pour le problème de base et sa variante plus contrainte nous amènent à émettre des réserves sur une généralisation systématique des caractéristiques des codages et des opérateurs pour cette catégorie de problème d'optimisationMetaheuristics are optimization problem-solving methods that primarily rely on an abstract representation of solutions in the form of direct or indirect encoding. Improving a solution or a set of solutions in parallel is achieved through manipulations of these encodings and algorithms evaluating the quality of associated solutions. The transition from one solution to another involves the use of one or more operators to explore the search space. Generally, metaheuristics utilize these operators to iteratively enhance solutions until reaching a local (or global) optimum. A plethora of metaheuristics has been proposed to address combinatorial optimization problems, including task scheduling problems. These ones are often dedicated to specific classes of instances. In this context, researchers frequently propose algorithms that combine various methods, striving to optimize parameters across different parts of their algorithms. However, the achieved performance is often comparable, and efficiency depends on the class of instances addressed. While solution encodings and neighborhood operators are recognized as essential components within metaheuristics, they are rarely jointly examined in an analytical and scientific manner.This thesis aims to characterize solution encodings and neighborhood operators commonly used in scheduling, particularly for the job shop problem and for one of its variants, in which the objective is to minimize the makespan. The ambition is to exploit the properties of the search spaces induced by these encodings and operators to enhance the design of metaheuristics. The approach applied in our study is structured into two main parts, with a gradation in the complexity of the job shop problem. The first part focuses on characterizing search spaces through a fitness landscape analysis, using metrics from the literature. The second part involves evaluating the performance of various combinations of encodings and neighborhood operators with the aim of identifying potential correlations with landscape properties. This is done to provide recommendations for the design of metaheuristics. This approach is initially applied to a basic job shop and then to a more constrained variant: the flexible job shop with transportation constraints. Our work highlights the challenge of linking the performance of tested combinations with standard metrics. The comparison of results obtained for the basic problem and its more constrained variant leads us to express reservations about a systematic generalization of encoding and operator characteristics for this category of optimization problems
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Karan, Olgu. "Collective resource mobilisation for economic survival within the Turkish speaking communities in London." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2015. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/968/.
Abstract:
This study aims to generate insights into the business start-up and maintenance activities of Kurdish and Turkish business owners in catering and retail sectors in North London by utilizing a new theoretical approach influenced by Charles Tilly’s (1978) collective resource mobilisation theory. The research objectives are: - to examine the reasons behind the formation of business start-ups for Kurdish and Turkish business owners in the catering and retail sectors; - to identify and investigate the ways in which the ‘forms of capital’ (Bourdieu, 1986) are acquired and mobilised for starting and maintaining these businesses. Methodologically, the research draws on extensive fieldwork with 65 participants. The thesis draws on qualitative research methods that enable the participants’ business start-up and maintenance experiences to be analysed in the context of the existing literature, and allows for the generation of a new theoretical approach to emerge based on their explanations. The thesis makes theoretical and empirical contributions to the field of study. Empirically, it sheds light onto two ‘invisible communities’ that are largely concentrated in the catering and retail sectors. The field study for this project presents an original contribution by examining business start-up and maintenance activities of the Turkish and Kurdish communities. Theoretically, the business start-up and maintenance activities of Kurdish and Turkish business owners are analysed through the lens of collective resource mobilisation theory. This has three components: interests, mobilisation of networks and opportunity structure. The three components provide an analytical framework for examining the interplay between agency and structural influences on the start-up and maintenance activities of Kurdish and Turkish business owners.
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Sullivan, Sarah E. "Wash Water Quality Characterization from Transportation Maintenance Facilities in Ohio During Winter Operations." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1405095788.
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Rahtz, Christine M. "Finding a Balance: The Intersection of Transportation Needs and Environmental Regulation and Protection." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1417039211.
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Mahboob, Massihullah. "Exfiltration Trenches for Post Construction Storm Water Management for Linear Transportation Projects: Laboratory Study." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1290100412.
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Baranov, Olga. "Resource allocation and risk assessment in pandemic situations." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19688.
Abstract:
Das Verständnis der komplexen Interaktionen innerhalb des weltweiten Transportnetzes ist ein essentieller Schritt auf dem Weg zur Vorhersage der Krankheitsausbreitung und Entwicklung von effektiven Gegenmaßnahmen. Ungeachtet der weltweiten Vernetzung werden die politischen Entscheidungen oft von nationaler, regionaler und egozentrischen Denkweise geleitet. Die Ebola-Epidemie in 2014 demonstrierte deutlich, dass solche Herangehensweise modernen Epidemien nicht gerecht werden kann.
In dieser Dissertation werden mehrere Methoden entwickelt, welche es ermöglichen während einer Epidemie die globalen Teilnehmer entsprechend ihrer Rolle einzustufen und das Risiko des Krankheitsexports zu berechnen. Die Methodik wird analytisch und numerisch ausführlich diskutiert. Darüber hinaus werden Lösungen für hypothetische und reale Epidemien auf dem Flugverkehrsnetz vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil wird mit Hilfe eines vereinfachten spieltheoretischen Modells der Prozess der Ressourcenverteilung zur Epidemieeindämmung untersucht. Dabei erfolgt die Verteilung der Ressourcen von den Knoten und kann in egozentrischer oder altruistischer Weise erfolgen. Im Rahmen der Modells liegen die Optima für das altruistische und egozentrische System eng beieinander, solange der ausbruch räumlich konzentriert ist. In diesem Fall ist es optimal alle Ressourcen in den Ausbruchsknoten zu investieren. Bei lokal getrennten Ausbrüchen streben die Systeme verschiedene Gleichgewichte an.
In allen Aspekten der Arbeit wird netzwerkbasierte Repräsentation des Systems verwendet, so dass die Orte durch Knoten innerhalb eines Transportnetzwerkes abgebildet werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit vereint mehrere Vorteileder etablierten Methoden: während der Schwerpunkt auf der Topologie des Netzwerkes liegt, berücksichtigt die vorgestellte Methodik den Ursprungsort der Epidemie.The growing complexity of the global mobility is a key challenge for the understanding of the worldwide spread of emergent infectious diseases and the design of effective containment strategies. Despite global connectivity, containment policies are often based on national, regional and ’egocentric’ assessments of outbreak situations that are no longer effective or meaningful, as recently demonstrated by 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa, where months passed before a concerted, international effort followed. Despite the importance of the matter, optimal strategies in highly connected non-local settings are poorly understood. In the work at hand we propose a set of methods for more informed decision making during and prior to a pandemic. All of the studied systems are represented by networks in analogz the traffic networks, which play a dominant role during the global disease spreading. We introduce methods to calculate the risk of disease importation in a specific location and to determine the role of a node during an outbreak. Using the world aviation network, we demonstrate how the methods can be applied on real and hypothetical pandemics. We show that the airports can be divided into two distinct groups according to the role they take on in distributing the disease. Further, investigate the allocation of resources as a game theoretic dilemma. We embrace a bottom-up approach to this question, allowing the nodes of the network to distribute the resourses. We investigate egocentric and altruistic strategies and conclude that the optimal state of both systems are very similar if the outbreak is spacially confined. In this case allocation of resources ti the affected nodes is the optimal strategy. When there are multiple independent outbreaks, the optima diverge substantially. To foster the benefits of multiple approaches, the work at hand combines the information on the network topology but also regard some specifics of the outbreak at hand outbreak.
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Benhizia, Faten. "OPTIMISATION DU PLAN DE TRANSPORT PAR PLANIFICATION INTEGREE DES RESSOURCES." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EMSE0668/document.
Abstract:
La production des circulations ferroviaires a la sncf repose actuellement sur un processus essentiellement sequentiel dans lequel la conception des grilles horaires de circulation (reservation de l'infrastructure pour la circulation des trains de l'offre de transport de la sncf) conditionne largement la conception des planifications des engins ferroviaires (les roulements engins), puis celle des agents de conduite (adc) (les grilles de service des adc). cette strategie de planification sequentielle des ressources ferroviaires a ete massivement adoptee pour des raisons pratiques et scientifiques (historique, savoir-faire, complexite du systeme ferroviaire, etc.). toutefois, cette strategie de planification sequentielle genere des solutions qui peuvent etre de cout eleve et moins robustes aux aleas, car les decisions prises a une etape donnee peuvent reduire considerablement l'ensemble des solutions realisables aux etapes suivantes. face a ce constat et a la forte interaction entre ces trois ressources heterogenes et tres couteuses, la sncf a souhaite investiguer la praticabilite et les apports d'une demarche d'optimisation du plan de transport par planification integree de ces ressources critiques. dans cette optique, les travaux de these ont porte sur l'etude de faisabilite, le prototypage et la validation d'une demarche de planification integree des ressources permettant d'ameliorer l'efficacite globale du plan de transport, d'accroitre la competitivite de la sncf et d'ameliorer la qualite de ses services. nous avons propose une formalisation du probleme de planification integree engins/adc et des algorithmes performants qui s'appuient sur une approche par relaxation lagrangienne pour resoudre de maniere efficace la problematique etudiee. cette approche repose sur l'exploitation de deux briques logicielles developpees a la sncf pour resoudre chacun des sous-problemes de planification des engins et des adc. les algorithmes ont ete testes experimentalement avec des donnees reelles de la region ter bretagne. differentes evolutions des modeles et des algorithmes ont ete etudiees pour rendre ces derniers plus efficaces. les tests de validation sur des jeux de donnees reelles a une echelle industrielle sont encourageants et montrent des gains potentiels allant jusqu'a 4% des adc exploites par rapport a une approche traditionnelle (sequentielle)The planning of railway production at the french national railways (sncf) is currently based on a mainly sequential process in which the design of railway timetabling widely conditioning design planning of railway equipment (rolling stock), then one of the train drivers (driver rosters). this strategy of sequential planning of railway resources massively adopted for practical and scientific reasons (expertise, complexity of the railway system, etc.). however, this strategy generates solutions which can be more expensive and less robust to uncertainties, because decisions taken at any given stage can significantly reduce the overall feasible solutions of the following steps.given this situation and the strong interaction between these heterogeneous and very expensive resources, the thesis deals with the feasibility and inputs of a process where these critical resources could be planned and optimized in an integrated way. the thesis focuses on the feasibility study, prototyping and validation of an integrated approach for planning rolling stocks and drivers, so as to improve the efficiency of the overall transportation plan, increase sncf competitiveness and enhance the quality of its services. we propose a mixed integer linear programming formulation of the rolling stock/ train drivers integrated planning problem. in this mathematical model, each planning sub-problem is formalized and coupling constraints are further introduced to model the interdependencies of these two resources when they are simultaneously used for train production. in this heuristic, the solution of the lagrangian dual and the calculation of feasible solutions are performed by calling two proprietary software modules available at sncf for planning rolling stocks and train drivers. the heuristic is tested experimentally with real data from the ter bretagne region, and several evolutions are introduced in the models and algorithms so as to improve their performances.validation tests on of real data sets at an industrial scale are encouraging and, when compared to a traditional (sequential) approach, show gain of up to 4% for train drivers used
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Agca, Esra. "Optimization-based Logistics Planning and Performance Measurement for Hospital Evacuation and Emergency Management." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51551.
Abstract:
This dissertation addresses the development of optimization models for hospital evacuation logistics, as well as the analyses of various resource management strategies in terms of the equity of evacuation plans generated. We first formulate the evacuation transportation problem of a hospital as an integer programming model that minimizes the total evacuation risk consisting of the threat risk necessitating evacuation and the transportation risk experienced en route. Patients, categorized based on medical conditions and care requirements, are allocated to a limited fleet of vehicles with various medical capabilities and capacities to be transported to receiving beds, categorized much like patients, at the alternative facilities. We demonstrate structural properties of the underlying transportation network that enables the model to be used for both strategic planning and operational decision making.
Next, we examine the resource management and equity issues that arise when multiple hospitals in a region are evacuated. The efficiency and equity of the allocation of resources, including a fleet of vehicles, receiving beds, and each hospital\'s loading capacity, determine
the performance of the optimal evacuation plan. We develop an equity modeling framework,
where we consider equity among evacuating hospitals and among patients. The range of equity of optimal solutions is investigated and properties of optimal and equitable solutions
based on risk-based utility functions are analyzed.
Finally, we study the integration of the transportation problem with the preceding hospital building evacuation. Since, in practice, the transportation plan depends on the pace of building evacuation, we develop a model that would generate the transportation plan subject
to the output of hospital building evacuation. The optimal evacuation plans are analyzed with respect to resource utilization and patient prioritization schemes. Parametric analysis of the resource constraints is provided along with managerial insights into the assessment of evacuation requirements and resource allocation.
In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed models, computational results are provided using case studies with real data obtained from the second largest hospital in Virginia.Ph. D.
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Киба, Л. М. "Управління виробничими запасами підприємств сфери видобування та транспортування природного газу." Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2009. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4309.
Abstract:
Дисертацію присвячено дослідженню теоретичних та прикладних засад управління виробничими запасами матеріально-технічних ресурсів суб’єктів нафтогазового комплексу України. Розроблено засади формування стратегічних цілей, які узагальнюють процеси планування, утворення, стандартизації, інформаційного та кадрового забезпечення в сфері виробничих запасів у відповідності до стратегічних та поточних цілей підприємств сфери видобування та транспортування природного газу. Обґрунтовано підходи до теорії та методології функцій управління, розвинуто зміст функцій управління для сфери виробничих запасів. Розроблено інструментарій для впровадження шляхів підвищення економічної ефективності у господарській діяльності газовидобувних та газотранспортних підприємств, за умов управління виробничими запасами МТР та супутніми фінансовими процесами.
Дано практичні рекомендації щодо організації контролю за виробничими запасами. Розроблено збалансовану систему показників (ЗСП), основою якої є сукупність незалежних модулів, згрупованих за сформованими критеріями, які на відміну від розрізнених показників, що існують, зможуть забезпечити прямий перехід від фінансового контролю діяльності підприємств у сфері управління виробничими запасами до управлінського контролю і у зворотному напрямі. Побудовано модель організаційно-економічного забезпечення управління виробничими запасами яка направлена на реалізацію стратегії, створення корпоративної культури, що дозволить підприємствам використати всі можливості сучасного управління.Диссертация посвящена исследованию теоретических и прикладных принципов управления производственными запасами материально-технических ресурсов субъектов нефтегазового комплекса Украины. В работе обобщенно теорию и практический опыт разработки методических подходов к построению управления многономенклатурными производственными запасами с точки зрения междисциплинарного подхода, а именно: экономической теории, бухгалтерского учета, финансового анализа, статистического и эконометрического анализа и прогнозирования, логистики. Проведен анализ профессиональной литературы, который показал зависимость сущности категории «производственные запасы» от производственных программ предприятий, и, как следствие — наличие функциональной зависимости (обслуживающая или комплектующая). Для определения ресурсной части материально-технического обеспечения с обслуживающим характером производственного цикла добычи и транспортировки природного газа, предложено следующее толкование категории «производственные запасы» - под производственными запасами МТР следует понимать продукцию производственно-технического назначения, которая сохраняется и учитывается в складских хозяйствах газодобывающих и газотранспортных предприятий и подготовления для выполнения работ, предоставления услуг, обслуживания производства и административных потребностей. Обосновано функции маркетинга материально-технического обеспечения, которое дает основания рассматривать его как отдельное направление в снабженческо-сбытовой деятельности предприятий. Систематизированы существующие модели по регулированию объемов производственных запасов. Обоснование практического применения моделей позволили рекомендовать модели ABC, MRP, MRPII, ERP в области производственных запасов на газодобывающих и газотранспортных предприятиях. Усовершенствована классификация производственных запасов МТР для газодобывающих и газотранспортных предприятий по соответствующим классификационным признакам: местонахождение, направление использования в производстве, по экономическим признакам, по группам товаров, однородных по техническим признакам, которая в отличие от существующих классификаций запасов, обеспечивает унификацию показателей при работе с многономенклатурными производственными запасами в сложных иерархических системах. Предложен подход, который является актуальным в современных условиях развития сферы материально-технического обеспечения, — переход к отраслевым стандартам закупки товаров, работ и услуг. В результате проработки литературных источников и изучения практики выбора поставщиков, которые могли бы эффективнее всего обеспечить успешную деятельность предприятия, разработана схема отбора поставщиков для практического применения при предварительном квалификационном отборе участников открытых торгов. Проведен анализ объемов производственных запасов в структуре газодобывающих и газотранспортных предприятий. Определена степень связи и зависимости между закупкой материально-технических ресурсов и складскими производственными запасами методом корреляционно-регрессионного анализа. На основе построенных моделей взаимосвязей экономических показателей деятельности исследуемых предприятий, осуществлены прогнозные расчеты и дана объективная оценка эффективности производственных запасов в деятельности хозяйствующих субъектов в условиях рыночных отношений. Разработаны формы управленческой отчетности, ставшие основой создания управленческого учета на предприятиях в сфере материально-технического обеспечения. Определены пути повышения эффективности логистических процессов в складских хозяйствах предприятий. Научно обосновано методические рекомендации относительно рационального финансового обеспечения производственных запасов. Разработан инструментарий для внедрения путей повышения экономической эффективности в хозяйственной деятельности газодобывающих и газотранспортных предприятий, при условиях управления производственными запасами МТР и сопутствующими финансовыми процессами. Даны практические рекомендации относительно организации контроля в области управления производственными запасами. Разработана сбалансированная система показателей, основой которой является совокупность независимых модулей, сгруппированных за сформированными критериями, которые в отличие от существующих разрозненных показателей, смогут обеспечить прямую и обратную связь от финансового контроля деятельности предприятий в сфере управления производственными запасами к управленческому контролю. Построена модель организационно-экономического обеспечения управления производственными запасами, направленная на реализацию стратегии, создание корпоративной культуры и которая позволит предприятиям использовать все возможности современного управления.
Dissertation has been concentrate on the investigation of the theoretical and practical methods of production reserves management of the material and technical resources (MTR) of entities in oil & gas complex Ukraine. It has been elaborated conceptual methods for the buildup of strategic targets in management of productive supplies MTR which based on the principle of profit maximization as newly seen oriented influence upon this process what give us opportunity to enlarge basic terms which absent in strategy of oil&gas complex (OGC) development. Elaborated forms of management reporting would became the basis for the system management calculation in the enterprises in the sphere of productive supplies. It has determined priorities for the effective functioning of enterprise warehousing. Scientifically justified methodical recommendations for the efficient financial cover of productive supplies. There were build up the model of business support of management of productive supplies basis of which are summarizing of independent modules, grouped according to the measures which as distinct from present segmental indexes could achieve transition from financial control of enterprises activity in the sphere of productive supplies to the managerial and vice versa.
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Bayareddy, Venkata Subbarao. "Determination of Ineffective Flow Areas in Bridge Modeling Using HEC-RAS by Locating Ineffective Flow Stations." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1462356833.
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Klevar, Lukáš. "Polyfunkční objekt v Brně – příprava a organizace výstavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226493.
Abstract:
The subject of the work is the preparation and organization of construction multifunctional building in Brno. The content of this work is a technology report, time and financial plan of the building, the study of the main technological stages, the project construction site, design and dimensions of construction machinery, inspection and test plans for quality and technological regulation.
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Hamilton, Heather Christina. "Airline Pilots in Recovery From Alcoholism: A Quantitative Study of Cognitive Change." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1516.
Abstract:
In order to perform their duties, airline pilots must have no clinical diagnosis of mental illness or any substance use disorder. However, provisions have been in place since the 1970s that provide for a return to work for airline pilots with alcohol problems. To date, over 5,000 airline pilots have undergone rehabilitation for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and successfully returned to work. An important gap in the literature remains with regard to what extent improvements in cognitive performance may be experienced by airline pilots who complete treatment and to what extent age influences the amount of change. This study examined the archival data of 95 male Caucasian pilots who were assessed for cognitive performance shortly after entry to 30-day inpatient treatment and approximately 5 months later during the return to work evaluation. A nonexperimental within subjects design compared pre- and post-treatment scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) full scale and 4 index scores as well as differences for age groups (25 to 44, 45 to 54, and 55 to 64). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that there were significant gains on all WAIS-IV measures pre-post treatment for AUD. MANOVA results indicated no differences between age groups. These findings support current Federal Aviation Administration program practices with regard to returning airline pilots to work following rehabilitation and a sufficient period of abstinence. The potential of this study to promote the agenda of social change may be substantive for raising awareness of the cognitive deficits associated with AUD and how these may impact the safety of flight operations.
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Davidson, Emily Leona. "Attention in narrative comprehension: The dynamic interplay between the story and the self." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555644696812012.
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Bizotto, Ana Paula. "Métodos de gestão para a alocação dos custos de transporte: um estudo de caso para a coleta de leite." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-03122007-100215/.
Abstract:
Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar métodos para a alocação dos custos de transporte na coleta de leite buscando maior aprofundamento e debate sobre as diversas formas geralmente empregadas e novas fórmulas para esta alocação, como a metodologia de custeio ABC. As metodologias tradicionalmente utilizadas baseiam-se no volume ou na distância para a alocação de custos aos produtores, gerando muitas vezes distorções que penalizam alguns produtores em detrimento de outros. Isto ocorre pois tais metodologias não requerem o conhecimento do processo logístico de coleta de leite para serem aplicadas. Por outro lado, a metodologia de custeio ABC traz contribuições significativas ao processo de alocação ao levar em consideração tanto as variáveis de volume e distância quanto tempo. Adiciona-se a isso a sua função gerencial ao exigir maior conhecimento e detalhamento do processo logístico, permitindo, desta forma, a identificação das atividades que resultam em maiores custos. A comparação das metodologias tradicionais e da metodologia de custeio ABC ocorreu com a realização de um estudo de caso aplicado à Cooperativa dos Produtores Agropecuários de São Pedro COOPAMSP, a qual contava, no período de tempo considerado, com 46 produtores distribuídos em 3 linhas de coleta (L1, L2 e L3). Destacam-se os resultados obtidos pela comparação da metodologia empregada pela cooperativa, que aloca os custos em proporção direta ao volume, e a metodologia de custeio ABC. É evidente o sobrecusteio dos produtores situados à linha de coleta mais eficiente (L1) em benefício dos produtores das demais linhas (L2 e L3), menos eficientes, ao se utilizar a metodologia empregada pela cooperativa. Tal distorção é eliminada quando se utiliza a metodologia de custeio ABC.This dissertation had the objective to study methods of transport cost allocation on milk collection in order to deepening and debating about several ways usually used and new ways to proceed the allocation, such as Activity Based Costing methodology. Methodologies traditionally used consider volume or distance to allocate costs to farmers generating distortions that penalize some farmers and benefit others in many cases. This has happened because traditional methodologies do not require knowledge about logistic process of milk collection to be applied. However, the Activity Based Costing methodology contributes to cost allocation process by taking into account variables as volume, distance and time. In addiction, the ABC methodology has managerial function by demanding a well-known logistic process allowing, in this way, to identify the most costly activities. The comparison between traditional methodologies and ABC methodology took place through a case study applied to Cooperativa dos Produtores Agropecuários de São Pedro COOPAMSP, that had 46 farmers producing milk in three routes (L1, L2 and L3), in the period of time that was considered. The results obtained by comparison between cooperative's methodology, that allocates costs in direct proportion to volume, and ABC methodology are emphasized. The methodology used by the cooperative allocates the highest costs to the more efficient route (L1) in aid of less efficient farmers (L2 and L3). That distortion does not happen when ABC methodology is used.
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An, Chloe. "An Assessment of the Sharing Economy and Its Policy Solutions Through the Lens of Sustainability." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/189.
Abstract:
This senior thesis in environmental analysis explores the promise of sustainability of the sharing economy, its shortcomings from this positive potential, and possible policy solutions to help it reach its fullest, positive potential. At its core, the sharing economy enables shared access to goods and services that would otherwise sit in idle or underutilized capacity – popular platforms such as Uber, Lyft, Airbnb, and craigslist all fall within the sharing economy. By enabling affordable and convenient access to goods that would otherwise sit idle, the sharing economy encourages maximal use of a good that already exists rather than seeking out the production of new goods to meet demand. Unfortunately, as it grows, the sharing economy moves away from this key environmental promise because of two central challenges: first, a shift away from maximal resource use, the central pillar of its promise of sustainability, and second, negative side effects that arise from a lack of regulation of the decentralized economy. Therefore, appropriate public policy is needed to both regulate the decentralized economy to minimize negative behaviors and to encourage the positive behaviors of the sharing economy.
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Sharma, Subedi Abhijit. "Quantification of the Effect of Bridge Pier Encasement on Headwater Elevation Using HEC-RAS." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1502982013572665.
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Salisu, Nadezda, and Lina Olsson. "Towards environmentally sustainable development in the food retail industry : A case study of Lidl Sweden." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-25384.
Abstract:
Research question: What initiatives does Lidl Sweden implement in the area of environmental sustainability? Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate what initiatives Lidl has developed and how the company implemented its corporate social responsibility in the direction of environmental sustainability. The purpose is also to compare the company’s activities with the guidelines of the EU Environment Commission and theoretical frameworks developed by previous research, and, as the result, to provide recommendations to the Lidl management. As well the purpose is to review the general improvement patterns within the food retail industry. Method: The research is made by using a qualitative method with a deductive approach. In order to present quality information in the study, a case design was chosen. The empirical analysis includes four interview transcriptions, secondary data and documentation, as well as a comparison to the theoretical concepts in the descriptive analysis. Conclusion: The responsibility and awareness of the improvement of the environmental sustainability is vital in the food retail industry. Indeed, it was found that aspects such as product and supplier’s control, the use of resources, transportation and distribution, as well as waste management and information communication to the employees and customers are considered as important aspects of the contribution for the environmental impact reduction. Lidl Sweden has developed and implemented some initiatives towards environmental sustainability, as well regarding the corporate social responsibility. However, there are some suggested actions that can be taken in order to excel the development.
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Idel, Mahjoub Yassine. "Etude des systèmes de transport public et réseaux logistiques par les réseaux de Petri colorés et l'algèbre (max, +) : modélisation, évaluation de performances et optimisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0055.
Abstract:
Ce travail de recherche porte sur les problématiques de modélisation, de résolution de conflits et de gestion optimale dans les Systèmes de Transport Public (STP) et les réseaux logistiques. Dans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons au développement d'une approche générique permettant de représenter le fonctionnement d'un STP dans un contexte réel et dynamique, avec moins d'hypothèses simplificatrices. Il s'agit plus précisément de développer un modèle théorique, décrivant le comportement du système physique caractérisé par différents phénomènes dont les conflits liés au partage de ressources, le parallélisme et la synchronisation. Pour ce type de phénomènes, notamment les conflits, il s'avère indispensable de développer des algorithmes et des politiques de routage, permettant de les arbitrer et ainsi déterminer et contrôler les différents états du système. Pour ce faire, une nouvelle approche de modélisation combinant les réseaux de Petri colorés et l'algèbre (max, +) est proposée. Les modèles obtenus permettent d'étudier et d'évaluer le comportement du système et par conséquent, prouver ses propriétés de bon fonctionnement. Ensuite, afin d'améliorer les performances du système, une approche de contrôle fondée sur la théorie de la résiduation dans l'algèbre des dioïdes est développée. La finalité de ce contrôle est d'assurer une meilleure performance aussi bien pour les utilisateurs, en termes des temps d'attente et des temps de trajet, que pour les entreprises en termes de gestion et d'organisation (moyens matériels et ressources humaines à déployer sur le réseaux). Les modèles graphiques et mathématiques développés sont génériques et peuvent être appliqués à tout type de réseau de transport public (réseau de bus, réseau ferroviaire, réseau multimodal, etc.) de n'importe quelle taille. Par ailleurs, ces mêmes modèles sont adaptés et appliqués aux réseaux logistiques dans le but de minimiser les temps de transport et de stockage des marchandises dans différents entrepôts ou centres de distribution. Cette adaptation est fondée sur une analogie parfaite et une similarité entre les STP (transport de passagers) et les réseaux logistiques (transport de marchandises). En outre, des exemples illustratifs sont fournis pour montrer l'applicabilité et l'efficacité de l'approche proposée. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs et permettent d'atteindre les objectifs visés. Enfin, nous avons développé un outil de simulation à événements discrets. La version actuelle, au moment de la rédaction de ce manuscrit, permet d'étudier, d'analyser et de commander à la fois les STP et les réseaux logistiquesThe present work focuses on optimal management, resource sharing and conflicts resolution in Discrete Event Systems (DES). We mainly focus on public transportation systems and supply chains. The main objective of this work is to develop a generic approach to represent the functioning of a DES in a real and dynamic context, with fewer simplifying assumptions. More precisely, we aim to develop theoretical models, describing the behavior of the real system characterized by different phenomena including conflicts and resource sharing. In order to solve these phenomena, we develop algorithms and routing policies to arbitrate conflicts and thus determine and control the different states of the system. To this end, we propose a new modelling approach combining colored Petri nets and (max, +) algebra. The obtained models make it possible to study and evaluate the behavior of the system and therefore prove its performance properties. As a second contribution, and in order to improve the performance of the system, a control approach based on residuation theory in dioid algebra is developed. The purpose of this control is to ensure a certain performance both for users, in terms of waiting times and travel times, and for companies in terms of the number of transportation means to deploy in the network (vehicles, etc.) in order to minimize their costs. The developed models are generic and can be applied to any public transportation network (bus network, rail network, multimodal network, etc.) of any size. Similarly, these models are adapted to supply chain networks in order to minimize storage and transport times for goods in different warehouses and distribution hubs. Illustrative examples are given to show the applicability of the proposed approach and the obtained results are promising. These examples enables the verification and the validation of the developed models through concrete scenarios. Finally, a simulation tool, based on established models and programmed with python, is developed. This tool is used to study, analyze and control DES, particularly public transportation systems and supply chains