Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Transportation – Passenger traffic – Evaluation'
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1
Lau, Chung-sum Edmund, and 劉淞森. "A study of evaluation methodology for passenger handling facilities insubway stations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950632.
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Alharbi, Fawaz Ali. "Evaluation of Relationship of Seat Belt Use Between Front Seat Passengers and Their Drivers in Dayton, Ohio." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1404829225.
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Zhang, Li, and Xi Ren. "A two-factor evaluation of bus delays based on GIS-T database and simulation." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7985.
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During the urbanization process, vehicles quantity increase with expansion in population. Under this situation, bus transportation system also suffers from bus delay. Bus delay could be caused by a series of factors, for instance, overload passengers, traffic jam, traffic accident and other unpredictable situations. Therefore, choosing crucial elements to efficiently evaluate bus delay is a complex problem in bus delay researches and operation management. The thesis propose an approach to evaluate and explain bus delay by two elements: traffic congestion and passengers’ waiting time. Those two elements would represent the action of external and internal factors on bus operation. This approach could be adaptive to explain the reasons for bus delays, thus to help the optimization of bus lines and give useful information for decision making of transportation company. To achieve the research aim, a GIS-T database was created by combining the GIS database and TIS database. Spatial data as well as attribute data are combined in the database to represent the crucial information for bus delay. Based on GIS-T the database, the impact of traffic congestion and passengers’ waiting time was calculated using the bus line simulation. By implementing the above steps, the main cause of bus delay was studied. A case study application of this method is narrated; focusing on optimize the bus system of Guiyang city, South China. Different methods are used to find out the problem of system and the reason for delay. Moreover, optimization suggestion is proposed according to result. Compared with other methods, the two-factor method has the advantage of locating the reason of delay for each station. The time performance is not superior to other methods. By comparing the situation of adjacent station, the proportion of traffic congestion and overload passenger in bus delay was determined. The two-factor method is applicable for other transit system in different cities which has similar structure as Guiyang. However, for cities with other structure, a feasibility should be made to select an appropriate model.
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Lau, Chun-him. "Cross-border passenger traffic : easing congestion between Hong Kong and Shenzhen /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575461.
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Lau, Chun-him, and 劉振謙. "Cross-border passenger traffic: easing congestion between Hong Kong and Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575461.
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余泰海 and Tai-ho Haiko Yu. "Cross-boundary passenger transport between Hong Kong and Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894744.
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Lu, Dawei. "Route Level Bus Transit Passenger Origin-Destination Flow Estimation Using Apc Data: Numerical And Empirical Investigations." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1228268640.
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Jepson, Dale. "Enhancing public transport operations on arterial roads." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36092/1/36092_Jepson_1998.pdf.
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Bus priority treatments such as busways, bus lanes and bus priority at traffic signals are all utilised in Australian metropolitan areas. These treatments are designed to reduce the travel time for buses and make this transportation mode more efficient and attractive. The common applications of such treatments for Australian
conditions are assessed in this research to identify the travel time impacts of introducing bus priority. This will assist in the selection of bus priority measures on
arterial roads for Australian conditions. The methodology applied here entails the identification of optimum conditions for using typical bus priority treatments.
This research identifies the number of bus passengers necessary to justify various forms of bus priority treatments with varying traffic conditions. The traffic
conditions modelled varied from low through to high degree of saturation for general purpose traffic on the road network. The resultant analyses demonstrated that as the degree of saturation increases, higher numbers of bus passengers are necessary to justify reducing the capacity by introducing bus priority. It is concluded however that
an economic analysis using travel time costs should not be the only criteria used to identify the appropriate bus priority treatment. It is suggested that bus priority should be part of an overall traffic management approach in conjunction with cost disincentives to cars and appropriate marketing for public transport. The current trends in bus priority treatments are addressed by considering a case study for the Gold Coast Highway located on Queensland's Gold Coast. This work
provides an evaluation of bus priority treatments and conditions for justification for such measures. The research summarises the impact of introducing bus lanes, transit lanes, bus priority at traffic signals and improved passenger information and ticketing systems for the Gold Coast Highway. The analysis indicates that journey time saving for buses of up to 20 percent may be achieved with these bus priority treatments.
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Heidaripak, Samrend. "PREDICTION OF PUBLIC BUS TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BASED ON PASSENGER COUNT AND TRAFFIC CONDITIONS." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-53408.
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Artificial intelligence has become a hot topic in the past couple of years because of its potential of solving problems. The most used subset of artificial intelligence today is machine learning, which is essentially the way a machine can learn to do tasks without getting any explicit instructions. A problem that has historically been solved by common knowledge and experience is the planning of bus transportation, which has been prone to mistakes. This thesis investigates how to extract the key features of a raw dataset and if a couple of machine learning algorithms can be applied to predict and plan the public bus transportation, while also considering the weather conditions. By using a pre-processing method to extract the features before creating and evaluating an k-nearest neighbors model as well as an artificial neural network model, predicting the passenger count on a given route could help planning of the bus transportation. The outcome of the thesis was that the feature extraction was successful, and both models could successfully predict the passenger count based on normal conditions. However, in extreme conditions such as the pandemic during 2020, the models could not be proven to successfully predict the passenger count nor being used to plan the bus transportation.
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Andriulaitis, Robert J. "Economic efficiency losses arising from subsidized intercity rail passenger movements in Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26054.
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While all four of the main modes of intercity passenger transportation in Canada (air, automobile, bus, and rail) are currently subsidized, rail recovers from its users a considerably lesser portion of the total cost of service than any of the other three modes. This thesis estimates the effect this imbalance has on the passenger network in two ways:
i) in physical terms -- the change in modal volumes given full-economic-cost pricing and the implications this has on network configuration; and
ii) in financial terms -- the dollar cost of the economic efficiency losses suffered due to non-full-economic-cost pricing.
The first element is estimated by calculating modal fares based on full cost recovery for 52 intercity routes between Winnipeg and Quebec City. The changes represent from the actual fares charged is translated into volume changes based on a set of demand elasticities developed for this thesis.
The second element is estimated for these same 52 routes using the standard deadweight loss triangle methodology which measures the loss in aggregate social welfare that exists when non-optimal prices are being charged. This result is then extrapolated to a national level.
The calculations show that given full-economic-cost pricing, air volumes would increase by 4.76%, automobile volumes by 0.32%, and bus volumes by 3.47%. Rail volumes would decline by 56.67%. While the changes are marginal for the non-rail modes and would not likely result in any changes to the network, rail would cease to be a viable mode on many routes.
The economic efficiency distortion caused by the failure to charge fares based on full economic costs amounted to about $130 million in 1986. This cost, along with the subsidy itself, is what the social and political benefits of continued VIA Rail subsidization must be compared to, not simply the amount of the subsidy, as is currently done.
This estimate of deadweight loss ignores positive tourism, energy, safety, and environmental externalities of rail, and thus overestimates somewhat the detrimental effect of VIA rail subsidies.Business, Sauder School of
Graduate
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Suthiranart, Yaourai. "The transportation crisis in Bangkok : an exploratory evaluation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10827.
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Avadhani, Umesh D. "Data processing in a small transit company using an automatic passenger counter." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45669.
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This thesis describes the work done in the second stage of the implementation of the Automatic Passenger Counter (APC) system at the Roanoke Valley - Metro Transit Company. This second stage deals with the preparation of a few reports and plots that would help the transit managers in efficiently managing the transit system. The reports and plots give an evaluation of the system and service operations by which the decision makers can support their decisions.
For an efficient management of the transit system, data on ridership activity, running times schedule information, and fare revenue is required. From this data it is possible to produce management information reports and summary statistics.
The present data collection program at Roanoke Valleyâ Metro is carried by using checkers and supervisors to collect ridership and schedule adherence information using manual methods. The information needed for efficient management of transit operations is both difficult and expensive to obtain. The new APC system offers the management with a new and powerful tool that will enhance their capability to make better decisions when allocating the service needs. The data from the APC are essential for the transit propertys ongoing planning and scheduling activites. The management could easily quantify the service demands on a route or for the whole system as desired by the user.
Master of Science
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Рега, Діана Романівна, and Diana Reha. "Дослідження попиту на пасажирські перевезення міським транспортом." Bachelor's thesis, Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/35373.
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Роботу виконано на кафедрі автомобілів Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України. Захист відбудеться 17 червня 2021 р. о 10:00 годині на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії № 19 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул. Текстильна, 28, навчальний корпус № 9.Рега Д.Р. Дослідження попиту на пасажирські перевезення міським транспортом — Рукопис. Кваліфікаційна робота на здобуття освітнього ступеня бакалавр за спеціальністю 275 Транспортні технології (на автомобільному транспорті). — Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, — Тернопіль, 2021. У кваліфікаційній роботі проведено табличне обстеження пасажиропотоків та закономірності виникнення пасажирських кореспонденцій.
ВСТУП 5 РОЗДІЛ 1. ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПАРАМЕТРІВ МІСЬКИХ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ 6 1.1. Основи роботи міського пасажирського транспорту 6 1.2. Показники, що характеризують якість надання послуг з перевезення пасажирів 11 1.3. Постановка завдання щодо визначення попиту на послуги маршрутного транспорту 14 РОЗДІЛ 2. ВСТАНОВЛЕННЯ ПОПИТУ НА ПОСЛУГИ ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО МАРШРУТНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ 22 2.1. Характеристика об’єктів для проведення досліджень попиту на перевезення пасажирів 22 2.2. Табличне обстеження пасажиропотоків на маршрутах 28 РОЗДІЛ 3. ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ 36 3.1. Вимоги до фізичних та хімічних умов в кабіні для забезпечення вимог охорони праці 36 3.2. Пожежна безпека 40 3.3. Правове регулювання безпеки життєдіяльності 42 ЗАГАЛЬНІ ВИСНОВКИ 46 ПЕРЕЛІК ПОСИЛАНЬ 57
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Maskeliūnaitė, Lijana. "The model for multicriteria evaluation of the quality of passenger transportation by international trains." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130122_170551-82864.
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The dissertation considers the problems, associated with passenger transportation by international trains (PTIT). The research object is the process of passenger transportation by international trains (PPTIT). By using the experimental methods, the significances (weights) and the order of preferences of the qualitative criteria, describing this process, are determined. The complex model, deve-loped by the author for multicriteria PTIT evaluation, allows for determining a single-valued quantitative criterion for evaluating a particular train travelling on a particular route. The main aim of the dissertation is to offer a methodology for evaluating the quality of passenger transportation by international trains (QPTIT).
The dissertation consists of the Introduction, four chapters, the description of the obtained results, the list of references as well as the author’s publications on the topic of the thesis and 12 annexes.
The Introduction briefly describes the research problem and object, the topicality of the work, its aim and objectives, and the applied research methods, as well as the novelty and practical value of the results obtained and the defended statements. Finally, the Introduction presents the list of the author’s publications and reports delivered at the conferences on the topic of the dissertation.
Chapter 1 presents the analysis of the Lithuanian and EU standards and regulations, defining the quality of passenger transportation by rail. It also describes the... [to full text]Disertacijoje nagrinėjamos tarptautinio keleivių vežimo geležinkeliais (TKVG) problemos. Pagrindinis darbo objektas – tarptautinio keleivių vežimo geležinkeliais procesas (TKVGP). Eksperimentiniais metodais nustatyti kelionės traukiniu kokybės kriterijų reikšmingumas ir šių kriterijų grupių svarba (pirmumas). Autorės suformuluotas TKVG kompleksinis daugiakriterinis vertinimo modelis leido nustatyti vieno traukinio, vykstančio tam tikru maršrutu, vienareikšmį kiekybinį rodiklį. Pagrindinis disertacijos tikslas – pateikti tarptautinio keleivių vežimo geležinkeliais (kelionės traukiniu) kokybės (TKVGK) vertinimo metodologiją. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, keturi skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autorės publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai bei 12 priedų. Įvade trumpai aptarta tiriamoji problema, darbo aktualumas, pristatytas tyrimų objektas, suformuluotas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašyta tyrimų metodika, mokslinis darbo naujumas, praktinė rezultatų reikšmė bei pateikti ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos autorės paskelbtos publikacijos ir pranešimai konferencijose disertacijos tema. Pirmajame skyriuje atlikta geležinkelio infrastruktūros, riedmenų ir TKVGP mokslinių darbų analizė. Taip pat atlikta Lietuvos Respublikos (Europos Sąjungos) norminių dokumentų, reglamentuojančių keleivių vežimo geležinkeliais kokybę, analizė. Antrasis skyrius skirtas AB ,,Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ (LG) veiklos ir keleivių vežimo rodiklių apžvalgai, kelionės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Lau, Chung-sum Edmund. "A study of evaluation methodology for passenger handling facilities in subway stations." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13883938.
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Lazim, Mohamad Alias. "Econometric forecasting models and model evaluation : a case study of air passenger traffic flow." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296880.
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Wormald, David. "Evaluation of Cincinnati Union Terminal for Intercity Rail Passenger Service." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275071381.
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Vap, Derek. "Safety evaluation of large truck-passenger vehicle interactions and synthesis of safety corridors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4917.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 4, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Sonnenberg, Anthony H. "Transportation energy and carbon footprints for U.S. corridors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37316.
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Changes in climate caused by changes in anthropogenic (i.e. "man-made") greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have become a major public policy issue in countries all over the world. With an estimated 28.4% of these emissions attributed to the transportation sector, attention is being focused on strategies aimed at reducing transportation GHG emissions. Quantifying the change in GHG emissions due to such strategies is one of the most challenging aspects of integrating GHG emissions and climate change into transportation planning and policy analysis; the inventory techniques and methods for estimating the impact of different strategies and policies are still relatively unsophisticated.
This research developed a method for estimating intercity passenger transportation energy and carbon footprints and applied this method to three US DOT-designated high speed rail (HSR) corridors in the U.S.-- San Francisco/Los Angeles/San Diego; Seattle/Portland/Eugene, and Philadelphia/Harrisburg/Pittsburg. The methodology consists of estimating the number of trips by mode, estimating the direct CO₂ emissions, and estimating indirect CO₂ emissions.
For each study corridor the impacts of different strategies and policies on carbon dioxide emissions were estimated as an illustration of the policy application of the developed methodology. The largest gain in CO₂ savings can be achieved by strategies aiming at automobile emissions, due to its sizeable share as main mode and access/egress mode to and from airports and bus and train stations: an average fuel economy of 35.5 mpg would result in a 38-42% savings of total CO₂ emissions; replacing 25% of gasoline use with cellulosic ethanol can have a positive impact on CO₂ emissions of about 13.4-14.5%; and a 10% market share for electric vehicles would result in potential CO₂ savings of 3.4-7.8%. The impact of a 20% or 35% improvement in aircraft efficiency on CO₂ savings is much lower (0.88-3.65%) than the potential impacts of the policies targeting automobile emissions. Three HSR options were analyzed using Volpe's long-distance demand model: HSR125, HSR150, and HSR200. Only the HSR150 and HSR200 would result in CO₂ savings, and then just for two of the three corridors: the Pacific Northwest (1.5%) and California (0.8-0.9%). With increased frequency and load factors, a HSR150 system could result in CO₂ savings of 5.2% and 1.8% for the Pacific Northwest and California, respectively. This would require a mode shift from auto of 5-6%. This shift in auto mode share would mainly have to be a result of pricing strategies. From these results, HSR may not be such an obvious choice, however, with increased ridership and diversions from other modes, CO₂ savings increase significantly due to the lower emissions per passenger mile for HSR. The framework developed in this study has the ability to determine the GHG emissions for such HSR options and increased diversions.
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Bougas, Constantinos. "Forecasting Air Passenger Traffic Flows in Canada : An Evaluation of Time Series Models and Combination Methods." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30093/30093.pdf.
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Ces quinze dernières années, le transport aérien a connu une expansion sans précédent au Canada. Cette étude fournit des prévisions de court et moyen terme du nombre de passagers embarqués\débarqués au Canada en utilisant divers modèles de séries chronologiques : la régression harmonique, le lissage exponentiel de Holt-Winters et les approches dynamiques ARIMA et SARIMA. De plus, elle examine si la combinaison des prévisions issues de ces modèles permet d’obtenir une meilleure performance prévisionnelle. Cette dernière partie de l’étude se fait à l’aide de deux techniques de combinaison : la moyenne simple et la méthode de variance-covariance. Nos résultats indiquent que les modèles étudiés offrent tous une bonne performance prévisionnelle, avec des indicateurs MAPE et RMSPE inférieurs à 10% en général. De plus, ils capturent adéquatement les principales caractéristiques statistiques des séries de passagers. Les prévisions issues de la combinaison des prévisions des modèles particuliers sont toujours plus précises que celles du modèle individuel le moins performant. Les prévisions combinées se révèlent parfois plus précises que les meilleures prévisions obtenues à partir d’un seul modèle. Ces résultats devraient inciter le gouvernement canadien, les autorités aéroportuaires et les compagnies aériennes opérant au Canada à utiliser des combinaisons de prévisions pour mieux anticiper l’évolution du traffic de passager à court et moyen terme. Mots-Clés : Passsagers aériens, Combinaisons de prévisions, Séries temporelles, ARIMA, SARIMA, Canada.This master’s thesis studies the Canadian air transportation sector, which has experienced significant growth over the past fifteen years. It provides short and medium term forecasts of the number of enplaned/ deplaned air passengers in Canada for three geographical subdivisions of the market: domestic, transborder (US) and international flights. It uses various time series forecasting models: harmonic regression, Holt-Winters exponential smoothing, autoregressive-integrated-moving average (ARIMA) and seasonal autoregressive-integrated-moving average (SARIMA) regressions. In addition, it examines whether or not combining forecasts from each single model helps to improve forecasting accuracy. This last part of the study is done by applying two forecasting combination techniques: simple averaging and a variety of variance-covariance methods. Our results indicate that all models provide accurate forecasts, with MAPE and RMSPE scores below 10% on average. All adequately capture the main statistical characteristics of the Canadian air passenger series. Furthermore, combined forecasts from the single models always outperform those obtained from the single worst model. In some instances, they even dominate the forecasts from the single best model. Finally, these results should encourage the Canadian government, air transport authorities, and the airlines operating in Canada to use combination techniques to improve their short and medium term forecasts of passenger flows. Key Words: Air passengers, Forecast combinations, Time Series, ARIMA, SARIMA, Canada.
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Shankar, Sanjeev. "Analysis of microprocessor based vehicular instrumentation and automatic passenger counting systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41570.
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Information on transit ridership and operations is a
necessary condition as far as efficient management is considered.
Transit managements on the acquisition of such a
data base can confirm predictions about scheduling, receive
warnings about potential dangers and plan future operations
on a much broader and precise base. Data from passenger counts provide essential information to marketing and scheduling
personnel by identifying peak load-points and the such.
Using manual collection methods for such data is expensive
and prone to human errors. Automatic Passenger Counting
(APC) systems are viewed as an improved and economical technique
for data collection. Such systems monitor the progress
of a particular vehicle -- its position, number of passengers
getting on and off, times and distances between stops -- and
make this data available for processing. These are state of
the art systems, mostly microprocessor based and often embracing
a modular structure. The Red Pine system is such a system with different dedicated modules for each bank of
tasks. Multitasking software is seen to be an powerful tool
for such systems and simplify the architecture of the system
hardware. A CHMOS hardware design, suited for multitasking
softwares is provided. Interfacing software for the Red Pine
system has been developed and is explained. Debugging testing
and simulation of the Red Pine hardware is detailed.
Modifications have been recorded and improvements suggested.Master of Science
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Yip, Chi-ching Alexis, and 葉智靑. "Passenger safety of public transport systems in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31945806.
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Earnesty, Lisa H. "Evaluation of detection technologies for use in traffic management and control." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11182008-063604/.
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Ng, Po-man, and 吳寶文. "A study of passenger land transport connection between Hong Kong International Airport and the Pearl River Delta." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26738661.
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Muthien, Ignatius Noel. "The economic development impact of passenger transport in the Klipfontein Corridor." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50481.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In April 2004, the then Transport MEC of the Western Cape, Tasneem Essop unveiled Government's grand vision of converting Klipfontein Road into a pioneering form of public transport called Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). BRT is the public transport system that the provincial government and City of Cape Town have selected to address South Africa's city transport problems, with a future looking perspective. BRT is characterised by dedicated bus lanes, which will be divided from the normal traffic lanes to ensure that 'express' buses can travel unhindered. Government envisages changing the 20 km Klipfontein Road Corridor stretching from the Inner City through Athlone/Gatesville to Nyanga and Khayelitsha into an activity axis of economic transformation, featuring bus stations, convenience stores, supermarkets, coffee shops and kerbside cafes. This vision of turning Klipfontein Corridor into a well of economic prosperity by using rapid bus transport is primarily what this study will focus on. We are asking whether this goal is attainable and what the positive and negative spin-offs are in respect of sustainable economic growth for the city and a reduction in racially rooted inequalities and inequities. Although a lot of the issues relevant for this study have been raised down the years of the MSDF (1993-1996), current literature on the Klipfontein Corridor is very limited as it is a first for the City of Cape Town and the government. In fact, the national and provincial governments in conjunction with the City of Cape Town have chosen the Klipfontein corridor as a pilot project, with a view to a national roll out in other provinces, if this venture proves successful.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In April 2004 het die destydse Minister van Vervoer in die Wes-Kaap, Tasneem Essop onthul dat die regering die groot visie het om Klipfontein weg te transformeer deur gebruik te maak van publieke vervoer bekend as BRT. BRT is die publieke vervoersisteem wat die streeksregering en Kaapstad gekies het, om Suid Afrikaanse stede se vervoerprobleme, met 'n toekoms vooruitsig, op te los. BRT word gekenmerk deur spesiale busbane, apart van die normale verkeer, sodat busse ongehinderd kan voortbeweeg. Die regering beoog om die 20 km Klipfontein korridor te verander in 'n aktiewe node van ekonomiese transformasie met busstasies en winkelkomplekse. Die korridor strek vanaf die Binne Stad deur Athlone/Gatesville na Nyanga en Khayelitsha. Die visie van Me. Tasneem Essop om die Klipfonteinweg te ontwikkel in 'n vooruitstrewende ekonomiese gordel, is die fokus vir die studie. Ons vra of die visie haalbaar is, en wat die positiewe en negatiewe moontlikhede is met betrekking tot langtermyn ekonomiese groei en 'n vermindering in rasse-ongelykhede. Alhoewel baie van die relevante probleme reeds deur die Metropolitaanse Ruimtelike Ontwikkelingsraamwerk (MROR) behandel was, is huidige literatuur oor die Klipfontein projek baie beperk. Tans is dit 'n eerste vir Kaapstad en die regering, wat beoog om soortgelyke projekte uit te rol in ander stede reg oor die land, indien die projek suksesvol is.
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Theletsane, Sebonyane. "Business strategy formulation for OnTime : a management consulting perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20843.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: OnTime is a passenger transport company that was established in 1999 when the insurance giant Sanlam decided to outsource its transport services for its top officials. This document examines the challenges that OnTime faces as it seeks to grow its market by acquiring business from more corporates in order to lessen its dependence on Sanlam. The chauffeur industry in Cape Town is characterised by a lack of regulation and, as a result, there is no official data that can be used to describe the size of the industry. The lack of regulation means competition among industry players favours the two big companies to the detriment of the smaller ones. Smaller companies are constantly experiencing dwindling profits because of the dominance of these two big companies. At the other extreme, there are many pirate operators who compete on price by undercutting everyone else. The industry as a whole is experiencing growth due to the increasing number of corporations and government departments which have outsourced their passenger transport services for their top officials. While this move to outsource the passenger transportation is supposed to create new opportunities for small companies to benefit from the new business being generated, it appears that the smaller passenger transport companies have not yet benefited from this extra business. The main reason is that smaller passenger companies have been created without adequate support systems or a steady client base to sustain them through their early growth phase. On the flip side, the two big passenger transport compames are experiencing increasing volumes of business from those very same big corporations which were supposed to be the lifeblood of smaller passenger transport firms. The main reason for the phenomenal business growth for the two passenger transport companies is the fact that they belong to groups of companies which are constantly growing through the acquisition of other companies. The passenger transport unit then provides the transport needs of the entire group. Moreover, these two big passenger transport service providers have fonned alliances with most of the major airlines, hotels, and guest houses in order to be in a position to capture any business that flows from these airlines and hospitality service providers. In an industry where customers are conscious of the type of vehicles they are driven in, it is not surprising that the two big passenger transport companies are able to offer a variety of vehicles from which customers can choose. This is in sharp contrast to the small passenger transport companies whose fleet size limits the options they can offer their customers when it comes to choosing the type of vehicles they would like to be driven in. The findings contained in this document will influence the recommendations for formulating a business strategy for OnTime. The main challenge for OnTime is to grow its business by implementing drastic changes.
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León, Izeppi Edgar David de. "An automatic passenger counting system at a small transit property." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91129.
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This thesis describes the work done on the first phase of the implementation of an Automatic Passenger Counting (APC) system at the Roanoke Valley-Metro transit property. The primary objective of the first phase of this project was to create a software program to decode, edit, analyze and store the data from the APC. The second phase of the project will make reports by aggregating data from the work done in the first phase.
The basis for efficient management of operations in transit properties is having accurate and reliable information on transit ridership, fare revenue, and schedule adherence for individual routes and for the transit system as a whole. Data from passenger counts are used to identify peak load points and quantify service demands. Fare revenue data are needed to analyze the systems productivity, and the time checks are essential to monitor and control the scheduling activities.
The actual data collection efforts at Valley-Metro have proven to be obsolete, unreliable and very expensive. The new APC system offers the management at Valley-Metro with a new and powerful tool that will enhance their capability to make better decisions when allocating the service needs.M.S.
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陳偉生 and Wai-sang William Chan. "The relationship between on-time performance and service evaluation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126699X.
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Farhan, Bilal Ishaq. "Evaluation, modeling and policy assessment for park-and-ride services as a component of public transportation." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1060180992.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 139 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Mei-Po Kwan, Dept. of Geography. Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-139).
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Won, Henry Thome. "A system-of-systems modeling methodology for strategic general aviation design decision-making." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26469.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Mavris, Dimitri; Committee Member: Gallman, John; Committee Member: Lewe, Jung-Ho; Committee Member: Schrage, Daniel; Committee Member: Upton, Eric. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Flores, Daniel. "Evaluation of an image processing algorithm for scene change detection." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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霍子棋 and Chi-kei Fok. "A study of passenger choice: the new Tseung Kwan O railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26821771.
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Lindfeldt, Olov. "Quality on single-track railway lines with passenger traffic : Anlytical model for evaluation of crossing stations and partial double-tracks." Licentiate thesis, KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4560.
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Railway transportation is showing a substantial increase. Investments in new infrastructure, new fast and comfortable vehicles, and high frequency of service are important factors behind the increase.
Infrastructure configuration and timetable construction play important roles in the competitiveness of railway transportation. This is especially true on single-track lines where the travel times and other timetable related parameters are severely restricted by crossings (train meetings). The crossings also make the lines’ operation more sensitive to disturbances.
Since the major part of the Swedish railway network is single-track it is of great interest to examine the relationships between operation properties, such as travel times and reliability, and infrastructure configuration on single-track lines. The crossings are the core feature of single-track operation and this thesis focuses on the crossing time, i.e. the time loss that occurs in crossing situations.
A simplified analytical model, SAMFOST, has been developed to calculate the crossing time as a function of infrastructure configuration, vehicle properties, timetable and delays for two crossing trains. The effect of possible surrounding trains is not taken into account and all kinds of congestion effects are thus excluded from evaluation. SAMFOST has been successfully validated against the simulation tool RailSys, which shows that this type of simplified model is accurate in non-congested situations.
A great advantage of disregarding congested situations is that analysis is independent of timetable assumptions. The model also explicitly shows the effect of punctuality, which is of particular importance on single-track lines where the interdependencies between trains are strengthened by the crossings.
For the same reason, the timetable is severely constrained. Nonetheless, there is often a need for changes of the timetable (crossing pattern). The thesis proposes three simple measures of timetable flexibility, all based on assigned crossing time requirements. Together, these measures can be used to evaluate how infrastructure configuration, vehicle properties, punctuality etc affect possibilities to alter the timetable.
As an example of its application, SAMFOST has been used to evaluate the effect of shorter inter-station distance, partial double-track and combined crossing and passenger stop. These measures affect the operational properties quite differently.
More crossing stations result in a minor decrease in travel time (lower mean crossing time) but significantly higher reliability (lower crossing time variance). These effects are independent of punctuality, which is a valuable property.
A partial double-track results in shorter travel times and in some cases also higher reliability. Both effects are strongly dependent on punctuality and high punctuality is needed to achieve high effects.
A combined crossing and passenger stop results in a situation similar to that of a partial double-track. In this case it is important to point out that the assignment of time supplements in the timetable should be directly correlated to punctuality in order to achieve good operation.
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Lindfeldt, Olov. "Quality on single-track railway lines with passenger traffic : analytical model for evaluation of crossing stations and partial double-tracks /." Stockholm : Department of Transport and Economics, KTH, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4560.
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Ribbonaar, Deidre. "Investigating the public transport system in Cape Town with reference to special needs passengers." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1447.
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Thesis (MTech (Town and Regional Planning))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005Inadequacies of the current public transport system cause an inconvenience for "normal able-bodied" passengers; however, it arguably isolates Special Needs Passengers (SNPs) from employment opportunities, recreational and educational opportunities. This research study focuses on what one might term mobility-handicapped persons who find it difficult to move around, or to hear and see. The term SNP or mobilityhandicapped persons encompasses more than just disabled persons. It includes customers laden with shopping bags, pregnant women, or someone with a broken leg, inter alia. The public transport system should enable persons with disabilities to experience the most optimal level of independence. It is crucial to have an accessible public transport system, because this is the first step in achieving independence for many SNP's. At present the system does not even satisfy the needs of able-bodied persons. How then is it supposed to respond to Special Needs Passengers? The public transport system can be divided into 4 categories namely, Infrastructure, Shared Road and Pedestrian Environment, Information and Vehicles. At present, these components of the system do not function efficiently. This research study was undertaken from three main perspectives in regard to the City of Cape Town: • The performance of the public transport system with reference to SNPs, • The performance of the city in terms of it's urban qualities and SNPs, and • The adequacy of the existing legal provisions and policy frameworks with reference to SNPs.
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Pratyaksa, Prabha. "Safety evaluation of converging chevron pavement markings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47697.
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Chevron pavement markings have seen rising interest in the United States as a means to reduce speeds at high-speed locations and improve safety performance. In Atlanta, there are two freeway-to-freeway ramps where chevron markings are being used. A previous study analyzed before-and-after speed data at these ramps and found only a modest reduction on overall vehicle speeds. However, a cursory crash analysis indicated that the ramps had crash reductions of over 60%, suggesting that safety benefits exist even though vehicle speeds are not significantly affected. This research aims to evaluate the safety performance of chevron markings on the two ramps in Atlanta, GA in order to quantify the potential impact of the treatment on safety and to understand the mechanism by which the treatment influences safety.
This thesis begins with a literature review covering topics in human factors in safety, past uses of different types of pavement markings, and methods in using crash databases and police reports in accident studies. Next, the thesis presents an in-depth before and after analysis of crash data from crash databases and police reports provided by the Georgia Department of Transportation. And finally, the thesis concludes with a summary of findings and a discussion of further research needs.
The results verified that there were 73% and 61% crash reductions in the two study ramps. Chevron markings appear to have benefitted all types of crashes and that they are possibly serving as a warning to drivers of potential upcoming hazards. Unavailability of a number of police reports and errors in crash databases were limitations to this study, and ultimately, new sites should be selected carefully and further studies need to be performed to better understand the treatment's benefits.
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Chang, David Keali'i. "Evaluation of the Accuracy of Traffic Volume Counts Collected by Microwave Sensors." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5486.
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Over the past few years, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has developed a system called the Signal Performance Metrics System (SPMS) to evaluate the performance of signalized intersections. This system currently provides data summaries for several performance measures including: 1) Purdue Coordination Diagram, 2) Speed, 3) Approach Volume, 4) Purdue Phase Termination Charts, 5) Split Monitor, 6) Turning Movement Volume Counts, 7) Arrivals on Red, and 8) Approach Delay. There is a need to know the accuracy of the data that are being collected by the Wavetronix SmartSensor Matrix and displayed in the SPMS. The TAC members determined that the following factors would affect the accuracy of radar-based traffic sensors the most: sensor position, number of approach lanes, and volume level. The speed limit factor was added to the study after most of the data collection was completed. The purpose of this research was to collect data at various intersections to determine the accuracy of the data collected by the Wavetronix SmartSensor Matrix.A Mixed Model Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze the effects that each factor had on the accuracy of the traffic volume count. A total of 14 tests were performed to examine the effects of the factors on traffic volume count accuracy. The sensor position factor was not found to be a statistically significant factor affecting the accuracy of traffic volume counts. The effect of speed limit on traffic volume count accuracy was determined to be inconclusive due to the lack of samples to be tested. The remaining two factors, volume level and number of approach lanes, were found to have a statistically significant effect on the accuracy of traffic volume counts. Based on these two factors, a matrix was created to meet the needs of UDOT to present accuracy values on the SPMS website. This matrix includes the mean, 95 percent confidence interval of the mean, standard deviation, number of samples, and the minimum number of samples needed.
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Ziemke, Dominik. "Comparison of high-speed rail systems for the United States." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37286.
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After decades of standstill in intercity passenger rail in the United States, the Obama administration recently started major initiatives to implement high-speed ground transportation projects that are expected to improve the nation's transportation system significantly, addressing most prevailing issues like congestion and energy prices while having positive effects on the economy.
This study evaluates and compares two high-speed ground transportation systems that have the potential to improve intercity passenger transportation in the United States significantly: the wheel-on-rail high-speed system and the high-speed maglev system. Both high-speed ground transportation systems were evaluated with respect to 58 characteristics organized into 7 categories associated with technology, environmental impacts, economic considerations, user-friendliness, operations, political factors, and safety. Based on the performance of each system in each of the 58 characteristics, benefit values were assigned. In order to weight the relative importance of the different characteristics, a survey was conducted with transportation departments and transportation professionals. The survey produced weighting factors scoring each of the 58 characteristics and the 7 categories. Applying a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach, the overall utility values for either system were calculated based on the benefit values from the systems comparison and the weighting factors from the survey.
It was shown that the high-speed maglev system is generally slightly superior over the wheel-on-rail high-speed system. Because the magnitude of the difference in the overall performance of both transportation systems is not very big, it is recommended that every project in the high-speed intercity passenger transportation market consider both HSGT systems equally.
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Louisell, William. "A Framework and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Preferential Treatment for Emergency and Transit Vehicles at Signalized Intersections." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26820.
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Preferential treatments are employed to provide preemption for emergency vehicles (EV) and conditional priority for transit vehicles at signalized intersections. EV preemption employs technologies and signal control strategies seeking to reduce emergency vehicle crash potential and response times. Transit priority employs the same technologies with signal control strategies seeking to reduce travel time and travel time variability. Where both preemption and transit technologies are deployed, operational strategies deconflict simultaneous requests. Thus far, researchers have developed separate evaluation frameworks for preemption and priority.
This research addresses the issue of preemption and priority signal control strategies in breadth and depth. In breadth, this research introduces a framework that reveals planning interdependence and operational interaction between preemption and priority from the controlling strategy down to roadway hardware operation under the inclusive title: preferential treatment. This fulfills a current gap in evaluation. In depth, this research focuses on evaluation of EV preemption.
There are two major analytical contributions resulting from this research. The first is a method to evaluate the safety benefits of preemption based on conflict analysis. The second is an algorithm, suitable for use in future traffic simulation models, that incorporates the impact of auto driver behavior into the determination of travel time savings for emergency vehicles operating on signalized arterial roadways. These two analytical methods are a foundation for future research that seeks to overcome the principal weakness of current EV preemption evaluation.
Current methods, which rely on modeling and simulation tools, do not consider the unique auto driver behaviors observed when emergency vehicles are present. This research capitalizes on data collected during a field operational test in Northern Virginia, which included field observations of emergency vehicles traversing signalized intersections under a wide variety of geometric, traffic flow, and signal operating conditions. The methods provide a means to quantify the role of EV preemption in reducing the number and severity of conflict points and the delay experienced at signalized intersections. This forms a critical basis for developing deployment and operational guidelines, and eventually, warrants.Ph. D.
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Fuentes, Antonio. "Proactive Decision Support Tools for National Park and Non-Traditional Agencies in Solving Traffic-Related Problems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88727.
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Transportation Engineers have recently begun to incorporate statistical and machine learning approaches to solving difficult problems, mainly due to the vast quantities of data collected that is stochastic (sensors, video, and human collected). In transportation engineering, a transportation system is often denoted by jurisdiction boundaries and evaluated as such. However, it is ultimately defined by the consideration of the analyst in trying to answer the question of interest.
In this dissertation, a transportation system located in Jackson, Wyoming under the jurisdiction of the Grand Teton National Park and recognized as the Moose-Wilson Corridor is evaluated to identify transportation-related factors that influence its operational performance. The evaluation considers its unique prevalent conditions and takes into account future management strategies. The dissertation accomplishes this by detailing four distinct aspects in individual chapters; each chapter is a standalone manuscript with detailed introduction, purpose, literature review, findings, and conclusion. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction and provides a summary of Chapters 2 – 6. Chapter 2 focuses on evaluating the operational performance of the Moose-Wilson Corridor's entrance station, where queueing performance and arrival and probability mass functions of the vehicle arrival rates are determined. Chapter 3 focuses on the evaluation of a parking system within the Moose-Wilson Corridor in a popular attraction known as the Laurance S. Rockefeller Preserve, in which the system's operational performance is evaluated, and a probability mass function under different arrival and service rates are provided. Chapter 4 provides a data science approach to predicting the probability of vehicles stopping along the Moose-Wilson Corridor. The approach is a machine learning classification methodology known as "decision tree." In this study, probabilities of stopping at attractions are predicted based on GPS tracking data that include entrance location, time of day and stopping at attractions. Chapter 5 considers many of the previous findings, discusses and presents a developed tool which utilizes a Bayesian methodology to determine the posterior distributions of observed arrival rates and service rates which serve as bounds and inputs to an Agent-Based Model. The Agent-Based Model represents the Moose-Wilson Corridor under prevailing conditions and considers some of the primary operational changes in Grand Teton National Park's comprehensive management plan for the Moose-Wilson Corridor. The implementation of an Agent-Based Model provides a flexible platform to model multiple aspects unique to a National Park, including visitor behavior and its interaction with wildlife. Lastly, Chapter 6 summarizes and concludes the dissertation.Doctor of Philosophy
In this dissertation, a transportation system located in Jackson, Wyoming under the jurisdiction of the Grand Teton National Park and recognized as the Moose-Wilson Corridor is evaluated to identify transportation-related factors that influence its operational performance. The evaluation considers its unique prevalent conditions and takes into account future management strategies. Furthermore, emerging analytical strategies are implemented to identify and address transportation system operational concerns. Thus, in this dissertation, decision support tools for the evaluation of a unique system in a National Park are presented in four distinct manuscripts. The manuscripts cover traditional approaches that breakdown and evaluate traffic operations and identify mitigation strategies. Additionally, emerging strategies for the evaluation of data with machine learning approaches are implemented on GPS-tracks to determine vehicles stopping at park attractions. Lastly, an agent-based model is developed in a flexible platform to utilize previous findings and evaluate the Moose-Wilson corridor while considering future policy constraints and the unique natural interactions between visitors and prevalent ecological and wildlife.
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Zhao, Yueqin. "A Downtown Space Reservation System: Its Design and Evaluation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29021.
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This research explores the feasibility of providing innovative and effective solutions for traffic congestion. The design of reservation systems is being considered as an alternative and/or complementary travel demand management (TDM) strategy. A reservation indicates that a user will follow a booking procedure defined by the reservation system before traveling so as to obtain the right to access a facility or resource. In this research, the reservation system is introduced for a cordon-based downtown road network, hereafter called the Downtown Space Reservation System (DSRS). The research is executed in three steps. In the first step, the DSRS is developed using classic optimization techniques in conjunction with an artificial intelligence technology. The development of this system is the foundation of the entire research, and the second and third steps build upon it. In the second step, traffic simulation models are executed so as to assess the impact of the DSRS on a hypothetical transportation road network. A simulation model provides various transportation measures and helps the decision maker analyze the system from a transportation perspective. In this step, multiple simulation runs (demand scenarios) are conducted and performance insights are generated. However, additional performance measurement and system design issues need to be addressed beyond the simulation paradigm. First, it is not the absolute representation of performance that matters, but the concept of relative performance that is important. Moreover, a simulation does not directly demonstrate how key performance measures interact with each other, which is critical when trying to understand a system structure. To address these issues, in the third step, a comprehensive performance measurement framework has been applied. An analytical technique for measuring the relative efficiency of organizational units, or in this case, demand scenarios called network Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), is used. The network model combines the perspectives of the transportation service provider, the user and the community, who are the major stakeholders in the transportation system. This framework enables the decision maker to gain an in-depth appreciation of the system design and performance measurement issues.Ph. D.
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Devarasetty, Prem Chand. "SAFETY IMPROVEMENTS ON MULTILANE ARTERIALS A BEFORE AND AFTER EVALUATION USING THE EMPIRICAL BAYES METHOD." Master's thesis, Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002723.
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Лапцун, Віталій Володимирович, and Laptsun V. V. "Дослідження пасажирських перевезень на маршруті «Калуш – Кам’янець-Подільський»." Master's thesis, ТНТУ, 2019. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/29943.
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В дипломній роботі магістра досліджено процес перевезень пасажирів на міжміському маршруті "Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш" з аналітичним обґрунтуванням вибору маршруту перевезень рухомим складом ВАТ «АТП-16808», визначено недоліки та переваги, досягнуто поліпшення перевезень пасажирів на такому маршруті з розробкою раціональних графіків руху. Пропонується удосконалення руху на маршрутах з позиції покращених фінансових показників та організації оперативного планування перевезеннями.Master's thesis investigates the process of passenger transportation on the longdistance “Kamianets-Podilskyi-Kalush” route with the analytical justification for choosing the route of rolling stock of “ATP-16808”, identifies the disadvantages and advantages, achieved the improvement of passenger transportation on such route. motion graphs. It is proposed to improve traffic on routes from the point of view of improved financial performance and organization of operational transportation planning.
1. АНАЛІЗ ОБЄКТУ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ............................................................ 8 1.1 Коротка характеристика досліджуваного автотранспортного підприємства ........................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Характеристика існуючої організації перевезень пасажирів на маршрутах "Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш через Чернівці", "Кам’янець-Подільський –Калуш через Городенка" ............................................................. 10 2. ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ НА МАРШРУТІ «КАЛУШ – КАМ’ЯНЕЦЬ - ПОДІЛЬСЬКИЙ» .................................................. 15 2.1 Дослідження та схематизація процесу перевезень Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш через Чернівці .................................................................. 15 2.2 Обґрунтування параметрів процесу перевезення на маршруті Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш через Чернівці .................................................................. 23 2.3 Обґрунтування вибору рухомого складу ВАТ “АТП-16808” на маршруті №2 Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш через Городенка ..................................... 29 2.4 Розрахунок експлуатаційних показників на маршруті Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш через Городенку .............................................................. 33 2.5 Розрахунок рівня технічної готовності автопарку ВАТ “АТП-16808” ..... 41 3. ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ УДОСКОНАЛЕНЬ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ НА МАРШРУТІ «КАЛУШ – КАМ’ЯНЕЦЬ - ПОДІЛЬСЬКИЙ» ЧЕРЕЗ ГОРОДЕНКУ ............................................................................................ 47 3.1 Обґрунтування управління процесом перевезень пасажирів з Калуша в Кам’янець - Подільський ..................................................................................... 47 3.2 Дослідження з розробкою розкладу руху автобусів на маршруті Кам’янець-Подільський – Калуш ........................................................................ 48 4. СУЧАСНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ НА ТРАНСПОРТІ ....................................... 55 5. ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ................. 64 4 5.1 Розрахунок витрат на оплату праці та відрахувань на соціальне страхування ........................................................................................................... 64 5.2 Розрахунок інших витрат ............................................................................. 71 5.3 Калькуляція собівартості перевезень ......................................................... 73 6. ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ ....................................................................................................... 81 6.1 Загальні питання охорони праці при перевезеннях .................................. 81 6.2. Вимоги з охорони праці до перевезень вантажів ....................................... 83 7. ЕКОЛОГІЯ .................................................................................................. 94 ЗАГАЛЬНІ ВИСНОВКИ ................................................................................. 102 СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ........................................................... 103
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Downey, Matthew Blake. "Evaluating the Effects of a Congestion and Weather Responsive Advisory Variable Speed Limit System in Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2397.
Full textAbstract:
Safety and congestion are ever present and increasingly severe transportation problems in urban areas throughout the nation and world. These phenomena can have wide-ranging consequences relating to safety, the economy, and the environment. Adverse weather conditions represent another significant challenge to safety and mobility on highways. Oregon is not immune from either of these global issues. Oregon Route (OR) 217, to the southwest of the downtown Portland, is one of the worst freeways for congestion in the state and is also subject to the Pacific Northwest's frequently inclement and unpredictable climate. High crash rates, severe recurrent bottlenecks and highly unreliable travel times continuously plague the corridor, making it a major headache for the thousands of commuters using it every day.
In an effort to more effectively combat both congestion and adverse weather, transportation officials all over the world have been turning to increasingly technological strategies like Active Traffic Management (ATM). This can come in many forms, but among the most common are variable speed limit (VSL) systems which use real-time data to compute and display appropriate reduced speeds during congestion and/or adverse weather. After numerous studies and deliberations, Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) selected Oregon Route (OR) 217 as one of the first locations in the state to be implemented with an advisory VSL system, and that system began operation in the summer of 2014. This thesis seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of this VSL system through the first eight months of its operation through an in-depth and wide-ranging "before and after" analysis.
Analysis of traffic flow and safety data for OR 217 from before the VSL system was implemented made clear some of the most prevalent issues which convinced ODOT to pursue VSL. Using those issues as a basis, a framework of seven specific evaluation questions relating to both performance and safety, as well as both congestion and adverse weather, was established to guide the "before and after" comparisons. Hypotheses, and measures of effectiveness for each question were developed, and data were obtained from a diverse array of sources including freeway detectors, ODOT's incident database, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The results of the various "before and after" comparisons performed as a part of this thesis indicate that conditions have changed on OR 217 in a number of ways since the VSL system was activated. Many, but not all, of the findings were consistent with the initial hypotheses and with the findings from other VSL studies in the literature. Certain locations along the corridor have seen significant declines in speed variability, supporting the common notion that VSL systems have a harmonizing effect on traffic flow. Crash rates have not decreased, but crashes have become less frequent in the immediate vicinity of VSL signs. Flow distribution between adjacent lanes has been more even since VSL implementation during midday hours and the evening peak, and travel time reliability has seen widespread improvement in three of the corridor's four primary travel lanes during those same times. The drops in flow that generally occur upstream of bottlenecks once they form have had diminished magnitudes, while the drops in flow downstream of the same bottlenecks have grown. Finally, the increase in travel times that is usually brought about by adverse weather has been smaller since VSL implementation, while the decline in travel time reliability has largely disappeared.
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Balasubramaniam, Usha. "Passengers' protection and rights in international civil aviation." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112598.
Full textAbstract:
Air transport is of critical importance to move passengers and cargo from one place to another on a global scale. Subsistence, sustenance, growth and profitability of the air transport industry are dependent on the demand for transport from passengers and cargo as the main sources of revenue of the airline industry. The forces of globalization and liberalization, coupled with the very rapid development of low-cost operators, have tempered the growth and profitability of the aviation industry whilst, at the same time, greatly increasing the consumer (passenger and air freight user) advantages in terms of expanding the gamut of their choices, better quality and lower prices. The ever-expanding markets in the Asia and Pacific region hold great promise for a rapid growth of the aviation industry in years to come.Currently, the international civil aviation community is faced with many challenges evolving from globalization, liberalization of economic regulations, privatization of airlines and airports, commercialization of government services providers, increasing environmental controls, and the emerge of new technologies. To deal effectively with these challenges and issues will require a high level of cooperation among civil aviation authorities, airlines, airports, and providers of air services and products. Airlines under the new free trade regimes have been exposed to many changes and although GATS has an important role to play in this important field, the convergence of economic, safety, security and environmental issues makes a strong case for keeping regulation in these critical issues under the ICAO aviation umbrella.
As air transport experiences structural, policy and regulatory environment changes, in the era of free trade it would be interesting to critically examine the impact of the aforementioned changes on the rights and protection of passengers. In this relation, it becomes very important to review the international, regional, and national efforts which have been made to enhance consumer protection and also have an important bearing on the rights of airline passengers. The thesis also addresses some emerging, non-traditional consumer protection issues, such as health, racial discrimination and the rights of disabled passengers.
In view of the above, the well-developed consumer protection regimes in the United States and the European Union (EU) would be examined in depth and the results of its analysis would be used to develop a suitable model airline passenger protection in the rapidly expending economies of the Asia and Pacific Region.
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Головата, Яна Ігорівна, and Yana Ihorivna Holovata. "Дослідження ефективності перевезення пасажирів маршрутом №19 м. Тернополя." Master's thesis, Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, 2020. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/33918.
Full textAbstract:
Роботу виконано на кафедрі автомобілів Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України. Захист відбудеться 24 грудня 2020 р. о 10:00 годині на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії № 20 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул. Текстильна, 28, навчальний корпус № 9, ауд. 106.Магістерська робота складається із вступу, чотирьох розділів, висновків, списку використаних джерел із найменувань. Метою роботи є максимально розвантажити маршрутні транспортні засоби при забезпечені достатньої рентабельність перевезень при заповненості маршрутного автобуса кількістю тільки сидячих місць.
РЕФЕРАТ...4 ВСТУП...5 ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ РОЗДІЛ...6 1.1. Загальні відомості про автотранспортне підприємство "МЕНС–АВТО"...6 1.2. Короткий аналіз технічної оснащеності транспортними засобами АТП "МЕНС–АВТО"...7 1.3. Обґрунтування теми дипломної роботи магістра...10 АНАЛІТИКО-ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКИЙ РОЗДІЛ...11 2.1. Дослідження загальної характеристики міського автобусного маршруту №19...11 2.2. Статистичні спостереження пасажиропотоків на досліджуваному маршруті...19 2.3. Обґрунтування і розрахунок коефіцієнтів нерівномірності обсягу перевезень на досліджуваному маршруті...25 ПРОЕКТНО-РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗДІЛ...29 3.1. Дослідження показників нерівномірності пасажиропотоків на маршруті №19...29 3.2. Дослідження дорожньої обстановки та встановлення швидкісного режиму на маршруті №19...50 3.3. Рекомендації щодо чисельності автобусів на маршруті №19...52 ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ...56 4.1. Вимоги техніки безпеки до технічного стану та обладнання транспортних засобів...56 4.2. Дії у надзвичайних ситуаціях на автомобільному транспорті...60 ЗАГАЛЬНІ ВИСНОВКИ...65 СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ...66
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Haule, Henrick Joseph. "Evaluation of Traffic Incident Timeline to Quantify the Performance of Incident Management Strategies." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/791.
Full textAbstract:
Transportation agencies are introducing new strategies and techniques that will improve traffic incident management. Apart from other indicators, agencies measure the performance of the strategies by evaluating the incidents timeline. An effective strategy has to reduce the length of the incident timeline. An incident timeline comprises various stages in the incident management procedure, starting when the incident was detected, and ending when there is the recovery of normal traffic conditions. This thesis addresses three issues that are related to the traffic incident timeline and the incident management strategies.
First, co-location of responding agencies has not been investigated as other incident management measures. Co-location of incident responders affects the incident timeline, but there is a scarcity of literature on the magnitude of the effects. Evaluation of the co-location strategy is reflected by the response and verification durations because its effectiveness relies on improving communication between agencies. Investigation of the response and verification duration of incidents, before and after operations of a co-located Traffic Management Center (TMC) is done by using hazard-based models. Results indicate that the incident type, percentage of the lane closure, number of responders, incident severity, detection methods, and day-of-the-week influence the verification duration for both the before- and after- period. Similarly, incident type, lane closure, number of responders, incident severity, time-of-the-day, and detection method influence the response duration for both study periods. The before and after comparison shows significant improvements in the response duration due to co-location of incident response agencies.
Second, the incident clearance duration may not necessarily reflect how different types of incidents and various factors affect traffic conditions. The duration at which the incident influences traffic conditions could vary – shorter than the incident duration for some incidents and longer for others. This study introduces a performance measure called incident impact duration and demonstrates a method that was used for estimating it. Also, this study investigated the effects of using incident impact duration compared to the traditionally incident clearance duration in incident modeling. Using hazard-based models, the study analyzed factors that affect the estimated incident impact duration and the incident clearance duration. Results indicate that incident detection methods, the number of responders, Traffic Management Center (TMC) operations, traffic conditions, towing and emergency services influence the duration of an incident.
Third, elements of the incident timeline before the clearance duration have been overlooked as factors that influence the clearance duration. Incident elements before the clearance duration include verification time, dispatch duration, and the travel time of responders to the incident scene. This study investigated the influence of incident timeline elements before clearance on the extent of the clearance duration. Also, this study analyzed the impact of other spatial and temporal attributes on the clearance duration. The analysis used a Cox regression model that is estimated using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) penalization method. LASSO enables variable selection from incidents data with a high number of covariates by automatically and simultaneously selecting variables and estimating the coefficients. Results suggest that verification duration, response travel duration, the percentage of lane closure, incident type, the severity of an incident, detection method, and crash location influence the clearance duration.
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Ghaedi, Hamed. "Evaluation of ODOT Overhead Sign Support Inspection Program." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1408654983.
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Побоченко, Леся Миколаївна, Леся Николаевна Побоченко, and Lesia Pobochenko. "Вплив COVID-19 на авіаційні перевезення в світі." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53173.
Full textAbstract:
Досліджено вплив COVID-19 на авіаційні перевезення в світі (міжнародні та внутрішні перевезення). Проаналізовано регіональний розподіл міжнародних авіапасажирів у світі в контексті пандемії COVID-19.Исследовано влияние COVID-19 на авиационные перевозки в мире (международные и внутренние перевозки). Проанализировано региональное распределение международных авиапассажиров в мире в контексте пандемии COVID-19.
The impact of COVID-19 on air transportation in the world (international and domestic transportation) has been studied. The regional distribution of international air passengers in the world in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is analyzed.
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Болюбаш, Богдан Олегович, and Boliubash B. O. "Удосконалення маршрутної системи міжнародних пасажирських перевезень сполученням Україна – Польща." Master's thesis, ТНТУ, 2019. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/30527.
Full textAbstract:
В дипломній роботі проведено обґрунтування підвищення ефективності виконання пасажирських перевезень у міжнародному сполучені при змінному попиті на перевезення шляхом проектування вдосконалених автобусних маршрутів.In the graduate work the substantiation of increase of efficiency of performance of passenger transportation at variable demand for transportation by designing improved bus routes was conducted.
АНОТАЦІЯ 5 ВСТУП 7 РОЗДІЛ 1. ОГЛЯД МЕТОДІВ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ ПАСАЖИРІВ У МІЖНАРОДНОМУ СПОЛУЧЕННІ 1.1. Проблеми та недоліки міжнародної системи перевезень пасажирів автомобільним транспортом 8 1.2. Документальне та правове забезпечення міжнародних пасажирських перевезень 13 1.3. Огляд та аналіз діяльності автотранспортного підприємства ФОП «Стецик Т.В.» 15 РОЗДІЛ 2. АНАЛІЗ ОБСЯГІВ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ ЗА ІСНУЮЧИМИ АВТОБУСНИМИ МАРШРУТАМИ СПОЛУЧЕННЯМ УКРАЇНА – ПОЛЬЩА 2.1. Загальна інформація про пасажирські маршрути та пасажиропотоки 16 2.2. Ціноутворення на маршрутах та партнери, що здійснюють реалізацією автобусних квитків 55 2.3. Аналіз обсягів перевезень за маршрутами та часовими характеристиками 56 РОЗДІЛ 3. ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СИСТЕМ АВТОБУСНОГО ПАСАЖИРСЬКОГО СПОЛУЧЕННЯ МІЖ УКРАЇНОЮ ТА ПОЛЬЩЕЮ 3.1. Узагальнена система пасажирських перевезень 59 3.2. Систематизація міжнародних автобусних маршрутів та їх раціональна організація 63 3.3. Розрахунок собівартості перевезення пасажирів сполученням Україна – Польща 68 РОЗДІЛ 4. СУЧАСНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ НА АВТОМОБІЛЬНОМУ ТРАНСПОРТІ 12 4.1. Напрями впровадження новітніх технологій на транспорті 79 4.2. Інформаційні технології на транспорті 82 РОЗДІЛ 5. ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ УДОСКОНАЛЕНИХ АВТОБУСНИХ МАРШРУТІВ 5.1. Розрахунки оптимальної собівартості перевезення пасажирів 86 5.2. Обгрунтування оптимальних графіків руху пасажирського транспорту за спроектованими маршрутами 93 РОЗДІЛ 6. ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ 6.1. Охорона праці на автотранспорті 94 6.2. Заходи із підвищення безпеки руху на автомобільному транспорті 96 РОЗДІЛ 7. ЕКОЛОГІЯ 7.1. Екологічна безпека на автомобільному підприємстві 98 7.2. Вплив транспортних засобів на навколишнє середовище 100 ЗАГАЛЬНІ ВИСНОВКИ 103 СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ 104 ДОДАТКИ 106