Academic literature on the topic 'Transportation, Automotive – Social aspects – United States'
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Journal articles on the topic "Transportation, Automotive – Social aspects – United States"
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Azad, Mojdeh, Nima Hoseinzadeh, Candace Brakewood, Christopher R. Cherry, and Lee D. Han. "Fully Autonomous Buses: A Literature Review and Future Research Directions." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (December 10, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4603548.
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Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a new, growing segment of transportation research. While there have been prior studies and deployments of AVs worldwide, full autonomy in bus transit has gained interest among researchers and practitioners within the last decade, which presents an opportunity to synthesize early trends. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a review of the latest research on fully autonomous buses to summarize findings and identify gaps needing future research. Forty studies were reviewed in detail, and five main themes were identified, which are (1) technology deployment; (2) user acceptance; (3) safety; (4) social and economic aspects; and (5) regulations, policies, and legal issues. The results reveal that most prior studies have focused on technology development, and the area of regulation and policy would benefit from additional study. Noteworthy differences between research in Europe and the United States were also identified. In Europe, large funded projects involving real-world deployments have focused on user acceptance, security and safety, costs, and related legal issues, whereas in the United States, research has primarily concentrated on simulation modelling with limited real-world deployments. The results of this review are important for policy-makers and researchers as AV technology continues to evolve and become more widely available.
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Khallaf, Rana, Kyubyung Kang, Makarand Hastak, and Kareem Othman. "Public–Private Partnerships for Higher Education Institutions in the United States." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111888.
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Public–private Partnerships have become a common delivery method for diverse types of projects ranging from transportation and energy infrastructure to social infrastructure. Previous research has mainly focused on PPPs for infrastructure and other non-social projects. Although PPP projects for higher education institutions share some common attributes with their traditional counterparts, they also have unique aspects such as institutional culture as well as structure of ownership and management. Hence, the objectives of this research were to (1) conduct a systematic collection and analysis of PPP projects in higher education institutions in the United States; and (2) conduct a gap analysis to provide recommendations for future projects and lessons learned from past ones. A gap analysis of the published data on higher education PPPs was undertaken, identifying 45 educational PPP projects in the United States. The main areas of study were type of project (e.g., housing, commercial, mixed use, etc.), size, and investment made. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was disseminated to experts in the field to collect data on these projects and report on them. The results showed an increasing trend in project size between 1994 and 2018 with the majority being for housing developments while a smaller percentage was for commercial and utility projects. A geographical representation shows a large number of projects clustered in the Southern and Northeastern regions of the United States. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was used to identify samples of these projects and present them as a case study. The number of PPPs is expected to rise due to funding cuts and state appropriation cuts. Finally, the proposed recommendations can also be extrapolated for other social or infrastructure projects.
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Perdue, Wendy Collins, Alice Ammerman, and Sheila Fleischhacker. "Assessing Competencies for Obesity Prevention and Control." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, S1 (2009): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00390.x.
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Obesity is the result of people consistently consuming more calories than they expend. A complex interaction of social and environmental conditions affects both energy consumption and physical activity levels. These conditions include, but are not limited to the following factors: the availability of affordable and healthy food; price disparities between healthy and less healthy foods; access to or perceived safety of recreation facilities; and the conduciveness of the physical environment to active modes of transportation, such as walking and biking. As outlined in the “Assessing Laws and Legal Authorities for Obesity Prevention and Control” paper in this supplement issue, laws and government policies in the United States influence nearly all of these social and environmental factors.
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Nkimbeng, Manka, Alvine Akumbom, Marianne Granbom, Sarah Szanton, Tetyana Shippee, Roland Thorpe, and Joseph Gaugler. "Where to Retire? Experiences of Older African Immigrants in the United States." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1756.
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Abstract The needs and conceptualization of age-friendliness likely vary for immigrant older adults compared to native-born older adults. For example, Hispanic immigrant older adults often return to their home country following the development of ill health. Doubling in size since the 1970’s, the aging needs of African immigrants are not fully understood. This qualitative study examined experiences of aging and retirement planning for African immigrant older adults in the United States (U.S.). Specifically, it explored the factors, processes, and ultimate decision of where these older adults planned to retire. We analyzed semi-structured interviews with 15 older African immigrants in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan area. Data were analyzed using thematic analyses in NVivo. The majority of participants were women, with a mean age of 64. We identified three overarching themes with ten sub-themes. The themes included: 1) cultural identity: indicating participant’s comfort with the U.S. society and culture; 2) decision making: factors that impact participants' choice of retirement location, and 3) decision made: the final choice of where participants would like to retire. Age-friendliness for immigrant older adults in the U.S. is complex and it includes the traditional domains such as physical and sociocultural environment (e.g. housing, transportation, and income). However, immigrant age-friendliness also needs to include wider contextual aspects such as political climate in their country of origin, immigrant status, family responsibilities, and acculturation in the U.S. More research is needed understand and facilitate age-friendly environments for transnational immigrant older adults.
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Ma, Zhengwei, Yuanjun Pang, Dan Zhang, and Yuqi Zhang. "Measuring the air pollution cost of shale gas development in China." Energy & Environment 31, no. 6 (November 18, 2019): 1098–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19882405.
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Shale gas is one of the most promising unconventional hydrocarbon resources in the 21st century. In recent years, economically recoverable reserves have achieved explosive growth, and drilling techniques have made large breakthroughs. As a clean unconventional energy, shale gas is given substantial consideration by governments. However, the cleanliness of shale gas has been questioned for causing serious air pollution during production. To further measure the air pollution cost during the exploration and transportation of shale gas, this article establishes an economic measurement model of the air pollution cost from the three aspects of human health, social cost and ecological cost by reviewing the relevant literature in the United States and China. This study lays a foundation for further calculating the cost of air pollution around shale gas fields.
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Gbey, Emmanuel, Richard Fiifi Turkson, and Sohui Lee. "A Bibliometric Survey of Research Output on Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 2 (February 13, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13020037.
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Wireless charging modules for electric vehicles are being increasingly studied. Previous research has focused on developing more effective wireless-charging modules for electric vehicles in order to pave the way for a more sustainable urban transportation. The objectives of the study were to identify the social structure of the field by mapping of research collaborations among authors and countries, measure the influence of authors and sources, identify the interactions between different researchers and the most influential authors, sources, documents and organizations. To achieve these objectives, a bibliometric search in the SCOPUS database was conducted using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators. The initial keyword search returned 2163 documents. The documents retrieved were manually filtered for further analysis. A scientometric analysis was carried out on the remaining 1367 documents using co-authorship, co-citation, and citation analyses for a number of measurement units. The results showed that “object detection” and “shielding effectiveness” were the most current research topics. Authors who were widely cited did not generally produce a large number of papers or collaborate with other authors. Authors from China, the United States, and the United Kingdom have all co-authored published works on the topic, indicating that they have all contributed considerably to the field’s achievements. This strongly highlighted the amount of funding localized in developed countries towards such technologies. The number of international co-authored studies conducted was low. This is most significant with no research conducted in this field in the less developed world. The most cited and influential scholars were G. A. Covic, J. T. Boys, and C. C. Mi. The most influential sources were IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics and IEEE Trans. on Induction Electronics, while the most productive sources were Energies and IEEE Access. The most influential documents were those by Covic G.A. (2013a) and Covic G.A. (2013b). Finally, emerging trends in charging and energy storage in electric vehicles were also discussed.
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Pottinger, Marion G. "Tire Operational and Sustainability Trade-Offs." Tire Science and Technology 43, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 2–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/tire.15.430103.
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ABSTRACT In 2012 the Sustainable Worldwide Transportation Consortium at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI) funded a forecast of likely changes in tire sustainability through 2025, as a result of feasible tire evolution. This paper is a synopsis of the resulting report, “Tire Operational and Sustainability Tradeoffs” [Reference 5], completed in late summer 2013. In it results are expressed in terms of fuel amount, distance, and weight commonly used in the United States rather than in SI units or in terms used in the underlying mandated goals such as grams of CO2 per mile (light vehicles) or grams per load-ton per 100 miles (medium and heavy vehicles) because of the underlying regulatory framework (Unit conversions to SI are found in the Appendix). The forecast fuel-economy change is the primary factor considered in evaluating tire sustainability. The secondary factor considered is the change in raw material usage, which affects tire weight. The changes are predicted for the five vehicle power plants now in use: gasoline, diesel, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric. Vehicles from class A to class E plus pickup trucks are analyzed. This is done with consideration of expected changes in vehicle weight. Tire sizes that are likely to be used, as the vehicles change, are estimated. It is possible that operational trade-offs may preclude tire changes that are desirable in terms of sustainability. To this end, probable vehicle ride and handling effects along the different possible tire-evolution paths are assessed. Aspects of ride that are considered are harshness, modal frequencies, and in-vehicle noise. Cornering in the ordinary driving range, stopping, and the limits of cornering are examined as aspects of handling. Effects on dry, wet, and snowy surfaces are considered. The conclusion reached is that the best tire technical path to follow from now until 2025 is to use higher-aspect-ratio tires operating at higher cold-inflation pressures, provided that any negatives in ride and handling can be overcome in vehicle design. Styling questions are not considered in the report, but it is noted that these could be an important problem, since the tires on the technically desirable path will not have the appearance to which customers have been accustomed in recent years.
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KNOWLES, LORI P. "The Lingua Franca of Human Rights and the Rise of a Global Bioethic." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 10, no. 3 (June 29, 2001): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096318010100305x.
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Globalization is often discussed as if it were a recent phenomenon relating primarily to the development of world financial markets and improvements in information and travel technologies. But globalization is an ancient process, beginning with mercantile and cultural exchanges and facilitated by advances in transportation. In the twentieth century, the results of globalization can be seen in the rise of global capitalism and in the construction of a global economy. Most recently, the process of globalization has moved beyond the world of finance, however, into areas still traditionally thought of as national concerns, such as culture and healthcare. It is no surprise, therefore, that increasingly the challenges the United States is confronting in healthcare, biotechnology, and the environment are simultaneously faced by the international community as a whole. In the wake of the HIV pandemic, growing environmental consciousness, and a series of sensational advances in biotechnology, there is a dawning realization that problems such as improving public health, regulating advances in biotechnology, and achieving sustainable environmental development transcend national borders. In other words, bioethics concerns are global in nature.
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Kang, Jingoo. "Challenges to Solving the Problem of Plastic Waste." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 6, no. 12 (December 14, 2019): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.612.7353.
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Plastic waste collecting in the Pacific Ocean is a threat to all nations of the Pacific Rim. Environmentalists estimate that an island of plastic in the Pacific is larger than the land area of Texas, and may be better described as a “continent” rather than an island. The problem is a concern for East Asian nations as well as for the United States. Limiting or banning the use of plastics is not practical or feasible because the use of plastic is woven into our daily habits; plastic is inexpensive, and alternatives have their own environmental consequences. Conventional wisdom advocates for recycling, but for a variety of reasons recycling alone is inadequate to address the growing problem. The reality of recycling is that plastic cannot be 100% recovered; a further reality is that current recycling procedures are inefficient. Financial incentives to greatly improve the recovery of plastic waste must be part of the solution. We must explore new technologies that are capable of decomposing plastics into its original petroleum base for use as fuel to power automotive and aviation transportation, and the myriad other products also made from petrochemicals. With advances in the technology of biodegrading plastic, we can replace crude oil that we currently extract from the ground, with material created from plastic waste. These technologies hold the promise to address several environmental, social, and political problems simultaneously.
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Jones, David Arthur. "America’s Automobile: Affection or Obsession, Myth or Reality?" Review of International American Studies 14, no. 2 (December 19, 2021): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rias.11803.
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Mythology plays an important part of the role of the American automobile, less so in terms of its primary function that is transportation, more so in terms of an ancillary purpose: its metaphorical significance to both owner or operator and the onlooking public. Across much of the 20th century and continuing now into the third decade of the 21st century, the American automobile has undergone many design changes that have buttressed its metaphorical significance: become streamlined, gained then lost then partially regained size together with a colorful exterior, and in the 21st century become focused on an array of interior gadgets, some cast into hibernation because of an electronic chip scarcity resulting from trade wars and the Covid-19 pandemic. Many Americans seem to have almost become besotted by automobiles, including their own and those driven by others, because in some respects the American automobile has come to define its driver. Automobiles in the United States that are visually appealing symbolize affluence, material success, preoccupation with speed, including the rapid pace of social change, as well as, at least arguably, a lesser regard for protecting the environment. On balance, in the mindset of many Americans, the automobile is larger than life, “a mode of signification, a form” in contrast to a mere machine. Change in automotive design has been heralded as the talisman of a new generation of drivers. However, what is cause and what is effect? American automobiles conflate myth and reality; that which is together with that which might be sometime temporal frustrations with the American Dream.
Books on the topic "Transportation, Automotive – Social aspects – United States"
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One less car: Bicycling and the politics of automobility. Philadelphia, Penn: Temple University Press, 2010.
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Car country: An environmental history. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2012.
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Witzel, Michael Karl. Cruisin': Car culture in America. Ann Arbor, MI: Lowe and B. Hould Publishers, 1999.
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Witzel, Michael Karl. Cruisin': Car culture in America. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks International Publishers & Wholesalers, 1997.
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Bottles, Scott L. Los Angeles and the automobile: The making of the modern city. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
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Bottles, Scott L. Los Angeles and the automobile: The making of the modern city. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
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Driving America: Your car, your government, your choice. Washington, D.C: AEI Press, 1997.
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My kind of transit: Rethinking public transportation in America. Chicago: The Center for American Places at Columbia College, 2008.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Provisions of H.R. 3030, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1989, that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation: Hearing before the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, April 19, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Provisions of H.R. 3030, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1989, that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation: Hearing before the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, April 19, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Transportation, Automotive – Social aspects – United States"
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Avery, William H., and Chih Wu. "Economic, Environmental, and Social Aspects of OTEC Implementation." In Renewable Energy from the Ocean. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195071993.003.0016.
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The financial analyses presented in Chapters 7 and 8 indicate that commercial development of OTEC will have a significant impact on the economics of U.S. energy production and use. Two scenarios for commercial development are examined in this section: 1. Development of OTEC methanol capacity sufficient to replace all U.S. gasoline produced from imported oil. 2. Development of OTEC ammonia capacity sufficient to replace all gasoline used in U.S. transportation. Commercialization of this option implies a project goal to produce methanol plantships with enough total methanol capacity to replace the gasoline used in the United States that is now produced from imported petroleum, 47 billion gallons of gasoline in 1990 (DOE/EIA, 1990). This would require a total of 427 200-MWe plantships, each producing 199 million gallons of methanol per year (1.8 gallons of methanol give the same automobile mileage as 1 gallon of gasoline. We assume financing based on an initial nominal plant investment of $960M (1990$) and an eighth plant investment of $664M. With repeated manufacture, the cost will be reduced to $438M for the 427th plantship, assuming that an experience exponent of 0.93 applies for all production of identical plantships after the first three. The average plant investment for the total production is then $507M. If financial support is maintained to complete the program, the year 2020 is a reasonable target date for achieving the full fuel production capacity. This implies construction of OTEC plantships at an average rate of 17 per year after commercial production is established. This rate could be accommodated in U.S. shipyards with feasible modifications to satisfy specific OTEC requirements. The U.S. shipbuilding facilities are discussed in Section 4.1. In addition to the investments required for OTEC, methanol automobiles must be in production, and distribution systems for methanol must be installed. The associated costs must be included in the financial analysis. Offsetting these costs are the savings resulting from: 1. Large improvements in the U.S. balance of trade through elimination of oil imports. 2. Tax receipts accruing from reinvigorated U.S. shipbuilding and associated manufacturing industries. 3. Economic benefits of stabilized world fuel prices.
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Johnson, Mary, Mary L. Gautier, Patricia Wittberg, and Thu T. Do. "Bonds of Belonging." In Migration for Mission, 65–94. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190933098.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the level of satisfaction that Catholic international sisters have regarding various aspects of their life in the United States. Those aspects include issues such as food, transportation, healthcare, financial support, community life, the welcome they received, and other social and spiritual support. These aspects are analyzed in relation to other variables, including living arrangements, ministry, and ethnic/cultural background. In general, the international sisters are satisfied with the various aspects of their lives, but satisfaction is somewhat higher among European, Australian, and Canadian respondents than it is among sisters from other areas of the world. Sisters living with members of their own institute tend to be more satisfied than sisters living alone or with sisters from other institutes.
Conference papers on the topic "Transportation, Automotive – Social aspects – United States"
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Aribah Hanif, Nita, and Achmad Nurmandi. "Sustainable Transport Development Strategy in Developed and Developing Countries." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002729.
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This study aims to explore the idea of sustainable transportation in the United States, China, Canada, and South Korea. Sustainable transportation has an essential role in developing a sustainable city that pays attention to an effectiveness-oriented transportation system that impacts the economy, the environment, and the quality of social life. The selection of case studies in four countries motivated the top four countries from the keywords sustainable transportation. This study uses a bibliometric analysis method using data sources from 306 articles (Scopus). The data search was carried out using the keyword "sustainable transportation" from 2012-to 2022. The highest number of research trends in the United States is 166 articles; China has 102 pieces, Canada has 46 papers, and South Korea has 26 articles. The data analysis stage was carried out using the Vos Viewer and Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results show that each country has a different focus measured from three aspects: planning, information, and investment. Planning factors include types of transportation, routes, costs, carbon emissions, and applications. The information aspect consists of estimation, trip, and performance. The investment aspect includes current demands and issues to shape future policies. Development strategy Sustainable Transportation in the planning stage only focuses on the use of vehicle emissions. In contrast, in the information aspect, it focuses on travel modes, then in the investment aspect, there is no attention to future policies related to issues that occur today. In the planning part of Sustainable Transportation, China has a varied focus, such as the type of transportation used, emissions, and the route used for transportation. In contrast, the Chinese state has not paid attention to this focus on the information and investment aspects. Meanwhile, Canada and South Korea have not focused on planning, information, and investment aspects. From these findings, it is hoped that it can provide input for various countries to pay more attention to these aspects to achieve sustainable transportation in smart cities. The concept of sustainable transportation is also helpful for achieving SDG's 11th goal.