Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transportation and state – Germany

Academic literature on the topic 'Transportation and state – Germany'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Stoever, Heino. "Crack Cocaine in Germany — Current State of Affairs." Journal of Drug Issues 32, no. 2 (April 2002): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260203200205.

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Crack cocaine first appeared in German drug markets during the mid-1990s. For several years the drug could only be found in Frankfurt and Hamburg, major cities with large open drug scenes and well-established transportation infrastructures (these cities contain the largest airport and the biggest harbor in Germany). More recently, however, crack cocaine has been found in other cities as well. Police and drug treatment service data suggest that there has been a continuous, although not dramatic, increase in its use. Crack use is typically part of a poly-drug use pattern (used in combination with heroin, benzodiazepines, methadone and alcohol) in metropolitan areas. Most users are well known to the institutions providing counseling and basic care (contact and sleeping houses and methadone treatment centers), and to the police. In addition to well-known members of the visible/open drug scene, three other groups are using crack: marginalized juveniles, young male and female prostitutes and young migrants. At present there is no research data indicating whether these groups have established a stable pattern of use or if they are drifting into a poly-drug use pattern. This paper provides epidemiological data on crack use in Germany, an assessment of future prevalence estimates and speculation about the impact increasing crack use is likely to have on local drug treatment services.
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Zmerzlyy, B. V. "ON THE STATE OF THE RAILWAYS OF THE UNION OF GERMAN RAILWAY ADMINISTRATIONS IN 1895-1897." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7 (73), no. 2 (2022): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1733-2021-7-2-306-309.

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The development of the railways of the German Empire in the period under review (1895-1897) followed an evolutionary path, aimed not only at increasing freight traffic and the railway network itself, but also at improving the quality and reliability of the roads themselves, which was expressed in gradually improving the quality of the sleepers and rails used in their construction and repair, which were made of increasingly resistant and durable materials. This seemingly inconspicuous work allowed Germany to reduce the subsequent costs of repairing the railway network and maintain a high level and culture of transportation.
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Schüch, Andrea, Jan Sprafke, and Michael Nelles. "Role of biogenic waste and residues as an important building block towards a successful energy transition and future bioeconomy – results of a site analysis." Detritus, no. 10 (March 5, 2020): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.13919.

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Renewable energies – especially wind and solar – have grown remarkably in recent years, but bioenergy is still the most important renewable resource worldwide and in Germany. In contrast to the situation in many other countries, bioenergy in Germany is often based on energy crops. As a result of changing political frameworks, the German bioenergy industry has to use alternative substrates as biogenic waste and residues and to implement more efficient utilization pathways. Biogenic waste and residues can cover in Germany 7 to 9% of the current total primary energy consumption. In the federal state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, more electricity is produced than consumed. This means that the federal state exports electricity to other German regions or abroad, assuming grid bottlenecks do not prevent this. The share of fluctuating wind and solar power is still increasing. Without stabilization by coal power plants, the electrical network could be destabilized by those sources. The presented case study of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania shows that there are opportunities to contribute to a stable network through the use of bioenergy. Besides the supply of electricity, thermal energy at different temperature levels, as well as fuels for transportation, are also provided by biomass. Around 22% of the annual energy consumption of the federal state could be covered by biogenic waste and residues (based on the technical fuel potential). The figure is currently 7.3%. This shows that there is room to extend bioenergy generation and the use of biogenic waste and residues in the bioeconomy without impacting food production.
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Curtis, Joyce A., Daniel D'Angelo, Matthew R. Hallowell, Timothy A. Henkel, and Keith R. Molenaar. "Enterprise Risk Management for Transportation Agencies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2271, no. 1 (January 2012): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2271-07.

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Risk management is implicit in transportation business practices. Administrators, planners, and engineers coordinate many organizational and technical resources to manage transportation network performance. Transportation agencies manage some of the largest and highest-valued public assets and budgets in federal, state, and local governments. It is the agencies' corporate responsibility to set clear strategic goals and objectives to manage these assets so economic growth and livability of their regions improves and the public gets the best value. Risks can affect an agency's ability to meet its goals and objectives. As network and delivery managers, these agencies must identify risks, assess the possible impacts, develop plans to manage the risks, and monitor the effectiveness of their actions. This paper presents the results of (a) a comprehensive literature review, (b) a state-of-the-practice survey of 43 U.S. transportation agencies, and (c) seven case studies from leading transportation organizations in Australia, England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Scotland. The paper concludes with recommendations for achieving enterprise risk management in U.S. highway agencies. Recommendations pertain to formalizing enterprise risk management approaches, embedding risk management in existing business processes, using risk management to build trust with transportation stakeholders, defining leadership and organizational responsibilities for risk management, identifying risk owners, supporting risk allocation strategies, and reexamining existing policies, processes, and standards through rigorous risk management analysis.
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Shukri, Arim, Thomas Mettang, Benjamin Scheckel, Isabell Schellartz, Dusan Simic, Nadine Scholten, Martin Müller, and Stephanie Stock. "Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis in Germany from a Health Economic View—A Propensity Score Matched Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 27, 2022): 14007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114007.

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Background: Hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) are deemed medically equivalent for therapy of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and reimbursed by the German statutory health insurance (SHI). However, although the home dialysis modality PD is associated with higher patient autonomy than HD, for unknown reasons, PD uptake is low in Germany. Hence, we compared HD with PD regarding health economic outcomes, particularly costs, as potentially relevant factors for the predominance of HD. Methods: Claims data from two German health insurance funds were analysed in a retrospective cohort study regarding the prevalence of HD and PD in 2013–2016. Propensity score matching created comparable HD and PD groups (n = 436 each). Direct annual health care costs were compared. A sensitivity analysis included a comparison of different matching techniques and consideration of transportation costs. Additionally, hospitalisation and survival were investigated using Poisson regression and Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Total direct annual average costs were higher for HD (€47,501) than for PD (€46,235), but not significantly (p = 0.557). The additional consideration of transportation costs revealed an annual cost advantage of €7000 for PD. HD and PD differed non-significantly in terms of hospitalisation and survival rates (p = 0.610/p = 0.207). Conclusions: PD has a slight non-significant cost advantage over HD, especially when considering transportation costs.
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SALIKHOVA, Olena, and Daria HONCHARENKO. "DEVELOPMENT POLICY OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN GERMANY: LESSONS FOR UKRAINE." Economy of Ukraine 2020, no. 10 (October 25, 2020): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2020.10.063.

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The evolution of the development of the German chemical and pharmaceutical industry from technology borrowing to endogenous innovations and becoming a global leader is shown. It is substantiated that the government of the country promoted the development of a new industry by increasing budget allocations for the training of scientific and industrial personnel; research subsidies; subsidies for transportation and raw materials. It is shown that the formation of large companies has provided economies of scale and accelerated development. The creation of specialized research institutes under the auspices of the government initiated public-private partnerships in research funding, industry associations helped mobilize the public to support the industry, and competent company managers and industry representatives together with prominent statesmen provided concerted action to strengthen its innovation potential. Cultivating the national consciousness that the purchase of German goods is the key to the welfare of the state has determined consumer preferences and has become a powerful stimulus to expand supplies to the domestic market. The introduction of high customs tariffs on finished medicines has provided protection for the new industry in its infancy. The close cooperation of banks with pharmaceutical companies has contributed to the implementation of investment and innovation projects and external expansion. The creation of cartels by chemical and pharmaceutical companies was an institutional response to the unprecedented phenomenon of industrialization and catching up in Germany. It is revealed that at the present stage the Government of Germany through national and regional programs continues to promote the development of technological and innovative potential of pharmaceuticals. The expediency of introduction of mechanisms of endogenization of production development of medicines and medical devices in Ukraine, and also expansion of sales in the domestic market through introduction of preferences at public purchases in the context of protection of essential interests of safety and health of the nation is proved.
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SHADMEHR, MEHDI. "Investment in the Shadow of Conflict: Globalization, Capital Control, and State Repression." American Political Science Review 113, no. 4 (August 29, 2019): 997–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055419000376.

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In conflict-prone societies, the fear of expropriation that accompanies a regime change reduces capital investment. These reductions in investments, in turn, harm the economy, amplifying the likelihood of regime change. This article studies the implications of these feedback channels on the interactions between globalization, capital control, state repression, and regime change. I show that processes that facilitate capital movements (e.g., globalization, economic modernization, and technologies that reduce transportation costs) amplify the likelihood of regime change in conflict-prone societies and strengthen the elite’s demand for a strong coercive state. In particular, to limit their collective action problem and manage the political risk of regime change, capitalists support a state that imposes capital control. We identify two conflicting forces, the Boix Effect and the Marx Effect, which determine when capital control and state repression become complements (Nazi Germany) or substitutes (Latin American military regimes) in right-wing regimes.
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Bartholdsen, Hans-Karl, Anna Eidens, Konstantin Löffler, Frederik Seehaus, Felix Wejda, Thorsten Burandt, Pao-Yu Oei, Claudia Kemfert, and Christian Hirschhausen. "Pathways for Germany’s Low-Carbon Energy Transformation Towards 2050." Energies 12, no. 15 (August 2, 2019): 2988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152988.

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Like many other countries, Germany has defined goals to reduce its CO2-emissions following the Paris Agreement of the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP). The first successes in decarbonizing the electricity sector were already achieved under the German Energiewende. However, further steps in this direction, also concerning the heat and transport sectors, have stalled. This paper describes three possible pathways for the transformation of the German energy system until 2050. The scenarios take into account current climate politics on a global, European, and German level and also include different demand projections, technological trends and resource prices. The model includes the sectors power, heat, and transportation and works on a Federal State level. For the analysis, the linear cost-optimizing Global Energy System Model (GENeSYS-MOD) is used to calculate the cost-efficient paths and technology mixes. We find that a reduction of CO2 of more than 80% in the less ambitious scenario can be welfare enhancing compared to a scenario without any climate mitigating policies. Even higher decarbonization rates of 95% are feasible and needed to comply with international climate targets, yet related to high effort in transforming the subsector of process heat. The different pathways depicted in this paper render chances and risks of transforming the German energy system under various external influences.
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Wang, Chia-Nan, Tran Quynh Le, Kuei-Hu Chang, and Thanh-Tuan Dang. "Measuring Road Transport Sustainability Using MCDM-Based Entropy Objective Weighting Method." Symmetry 14, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14051033.

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Road haulage solutions are incredibly adaptable, having the capacity to link domestically and internationally. Road transportation offers a greener, more efficient, and safer future through sophisticated technology. Symmetry and asymmetry exist widely in industrial applications, and logistics and supply chains are no exception. The multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is considered as a complexity tool to balance the symmetry between goals and conflicting criteria. This study can assist stakeholders in understanding the current state of transportation networks and planning future sustainability measures through the MCDM approach. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate and compare the sustainable development of existing road transportation systems to determine whether any of them can be effectively developed in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The integrated entropy–CoCoSo approach for evaluating the sustainability of road transportation systems is introduced, and the framework process is proposed. The entropy method defines the weight of the decision criteria based on the real data. The advantage of the entropy method is that it reduces the subjective impact of decision-makers and increases objectivity. The CoCoSo method is applied for ranking the road transportation sustainability performance of OECD countries. Our findings revealed the top three countries’ sustainability performance: Japan, Germany, and France. These are countries with developed infrastructure and transportation services. Iceland, the United States, and Latvia were in the last rank among countries. This approach helps governments, decision-makers, or policyholders review current operation, benchmark the performance of other countries and devise new strategies for road transportation development to achieves better results.
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Gamon, Wojciech, and José Manuel Naranjo Gómez. "Main Problems of Railway Cross-Border Transport Between Poland, Germany and Czech Republic." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 7, 2019): 4900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184900.

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Railway cross-border transport is a special case of railway transport, which, due to the necessity of crossing the state border, raises many difficulties. They result from factors, among which the most important are other power systems, control systems, a variety of regulations regarding traffic management or even problems with communication, resulting from the different languages. These difficulties involve a number of consequences for the fluency and efficiency of transportation, but more importantly, have negative effects on safety. The article describes the main problems of cross-border transport on the example of Poland and two neighbouring countries (Germany and Czech Republic), which are also members of the European Union. For this purpose, in cooperation with the Polish railway undertakings, an analysis was carried out of processes conducted by these in the field of cross-border transport and identifies the main problems in this area. As part of the conducted research, potential solutions and improvements were also proposed. The article focuses solely on the issues of crossing the border and manoeuvring operations at stations close to the German and Czech borders, inasmuch as these processes constitute the largest area of activity of Polish railway undertakings within the framework of rail cross-border transport.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Lee, Sin-yee Cindy. "Developing a sustainable transport system in Hong Kong : the nature and impacts of planning and policy constraints /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906602.

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Perkins, Judy Annette. "Institutionalizing transportation infrastructure investments and economic development : the role of State Departments of Transportation in multi-state economic development activities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32808.

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Fung, Tse-hing Winnie. "Transport in world cities : how does Hong Kong perform? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23339147.

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Gutberlet, Theresa. "Mechanization, Transportation, and the Location of Industry in Germany 1846 to 1907." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297025.

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This dissertation investigates the question: why do some regions industrialize and others do not? The research focuses on industrialization in Germany in the second half of the 19th century when the country adopted British steam technology and built a dense railroad network. The central thesis is that the adoption of steam powered machinery created incentives for manufacturers to concentrate production in central areas and around coal fields. The railroad boom lowered trade costs and thereby made it feasible to serve distant markets from these central locations. As a result, the Ruhr Area gained industrial employment in large numbers while regions in Bavaria and East Elbia lost their traditional manufacturing centers. Specifically, the first chapter finds that increases in the use of steam power led to a rise in the spatial concentration of manufacturing industries and higher co-location with coal mining. The second chapter compares the effects of access to coal and access to consumer markets on regional industrial employment to separately identify the impact of coal fields and the population centers that formed around them. The results show that access to coal was more important than access to consumer markets for the location of metal production and textiles. The third chapter shows that improvements in market access had a negative impact on manufacturing growth in regions with below median per capita manufacturing employment, but for regions above this mark the impact was positive. This means that the transportation improvements did not support the dispersion of industry but instead contributed to the geographic concentration of industrialization. Together the chapters show that the adoption of steam powered technology in manufacturing and transportation raised the spatial concentration of manufacturing and help to explain why industrial development was not more widespread in Germany.
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Lo, Sze-yuen Henri. "A critical evaluation of public transport policy formulation in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31595157.

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Niemeier, Debbie A. "A consumer welfare approach to measuring accessibility /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10134.

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Wong, Hiu-Nga Daisy. "Environmental quality and transport policy." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23501777.

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Amoaning-Yankson, Stephanie. "A resiliency framework for planning in state transportation agencies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49123.

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This thesis presents a framework for resiliency planning in state departments of transportation and other transportation agencies. The development of this framework is motivated by the need for more resilient transportation systems, due of the increasing frequency and the effect both natural and man-made catastrophic disasters have on transportation systems. The resiliency framework is based on the urban transportation planning framework and is thus applied in the broader context of general transportation planning. The resiliency framework is then applied in a preliminary review to three statewide transportation plans to show the resiliency deficiencies of those plans and how the framework may be applied to increase resiliency. These plans are selected from three different states with diversity of locations and without any preconceived notions about their incorporation of resiliency in their planning process. This preliminary review reveals a reactive nature towards investments that increase an agency’s resilience. This may be attributed to the problem of limited funding for transportation investments, as well as, limited knowledge by the transportation agencies about the return on such resiliency investments, mostly due to the uncertainty associated with the occurrence of catastrophic disasters, especially the predictability of weather-related events. However, post-disaster transportation system overhauls provide enough evidence for the need for more systemic ways of addressing resiliency in planning processes.
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Smith, Denise A. "The evolution of multimodal transportation planning: key factors in shaping the approaches of state DOTs." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47702.

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As a result of the changing needs of society since the early 20th century, approaches to transportation planning have been continually shifting from highway-focused to multimodal, an approach which takes multiple modes of transportation into consideration. This evolution has been reflected in federal transportation legislation and continues to have many implications for transportation agencies, especially state departments of transportation (DOTs). The objective of this thesis is to analyze what state DOTs have done in order to adapt to the shift. More specifically, the project focuses on the organizational and funding structures of state DOTs. First, an organizational structure analysis of all 50 state DOTs was carried out. This analysis looked at how state DOTs incorporate multiple modes of transportation into their organizational structure. Secondly, the results of a statewide multimodal planning survey, to which 35 states responded, were analyzed. The survey gauged to what extent the representative from a given state DOT thought that their agency was conducting multimodal transportation planning. It also analyzed state DOT modal responsibilities, funding options, and characteristics that influence multimodal transportation planning. Lastly, case studies were carried out for six state transportation agencies: Florida DOT, North Carolina DOT, Oregon DOT, Virginia's Transportation Secretariat, Maryland DOT, and Massachusetts DOT. These case studies focused on organizational structure, funding, and multimodal efforts. Findings from the three different aspects of this thesis support the notion that highway is still the dominant mode in statewide transportation planning in most state DOTs. However, this research also supports the idea that this situation is changing, though more rapidly in some states than in others. Though it is not evident that one type of organizational structure is better than another, states have used the reorganization of these structures as a method for adapting to multimodal transportation planning. Overall, state DOTs tend to incorporate multiple modes of transportation into their organizational structure through multimodal divisions, separate modal divisions, or a combination of both. In addition to the organizational structures, some states have also restructured their funding mechanisms in order to make funds more flexible across all modes of transportation so that they may be able to better accommodate multimodal transportation planning. Those state DOTs with transportation trust funds and separate modal programs have generally shown more initiative in embracing a more multimodal approach to transportation planning. Besides organizational and funding structures, leadership, organizational culture, and institutional issues have been recognized as factors that influence the extent of multimodal planning.
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Heinzen, Jasper Maximilian. "Hohenzollern state-building in the Province of Hanover, 1866-1914." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608945.

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Books on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Lehmkuhl, Dirk. The importance of small differences: European integration and road haulage associations in Germany and the Netherlands. Amsterdam: Thela Thesis, 1999.

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Cervero, Robert. Highway finance and economic development in Korea, West Germany, Japan, and the United States. [Berkeley, Calif.]: Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California at Berkeley, 1989.

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Verwaltungswissenschaftliche Arbeitstagung (1993 Speyer, Germany). Verkehrswegerecht im Wandel: Vorträge und Diskussionsbeiträge der Verwaltungswissenschaftlichen Arbeitstagung 1993 des Forschungsinstituts für Öffentliche Verwaltung bei der Hochschule für Verwaltungswissenschaften Speyer. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1994.

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Jong, W. M. de. International comparison of decision-making on infrastructure: Germany, France, the Netherlands, England, Switzerland, United States. The Hague: Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, 1999.

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Föderalismusreform und Verkehrspolitik: Themenschwerpunkte der Studienkreistagung 2008. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2008.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Oversight visit to Russia, Germany, and France, August 22-September 1, 1993: Report to the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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1949-, Akaha Tsuneo, ed. International handbook of transportation policy. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990.

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Stern, Volkhard. Der Autobahn-Schnellverkehr der Deutschen Reichsbahn. Freiburg, Br: EK-Verl., 2007.

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Bendikat, Elfi. Öffentliche Nahverkehrspolitik in Berlin und Paris 1890-1914: Strukturbedingungen, politische Konzeptionen und Realisierungsprobleme. Berlin, New York: W. de Gruyter, 1999.

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Barry, Sheffield, Robinson Oz, and RCC Pilotage Foundation, eds. The Baltic Sea: Germany, Poland, the Baltic States, Russia, Finland, Sweden and Denmark. St Ives: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Lohrberg, Klaus. "Transport Policy in a Reunified Germany." In Transportation Infrastructure, 75–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61092-9_5.

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Fisher, Ronald C. "Transportation." In State and Local Public Finance, 450–81. 5th ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003030645-23.

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Wróblewski, Bartłomiej. "Germany." In State Liability and the Law, 75–92. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003327103-8.

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Renner, Michael. "Supporting Sustainable Transportation." In State of the World, 177–94. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_15.

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Pflaum, Simone Ariane. "CITY VIEW: Freiburg, Germany." In State of the World, 135–40. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_10.

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Spielvogel, Jackson J., and David Redles. "The Nazi State, 1933–1939." In Hitler and Nazi Germany, 114–70. Eighth edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351003742-4.

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Sommermann, Karl-Peter. "Constitutional State and Public Administration." In Public Administration in Germany, 17–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_2.

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AbstractGerman public administration is rooted in the tradition of the Rechtsstaat, which aims at the protection of human dignity and individual freedom by providing rules, principles and institutions that ensure the prevention of arbitrary state action and the protection of individual rights. At supranational and international levels, the principle of the Rechtsstaat has been merging with the common law concept of the rule of law. A dynamic interpretation of the Basic Law (the German constitution) of 1949 by the Federal Constitutional Court has constantly specified and extended the normative scope of the fundamental rights, which are directly binding on the legislative, executive and judicial powers. The constitutional principle of the social state (Sozialstaat) has enhanced not only the dynamic evolution of the law, but also the creation of largely equivalent levels of infrastructure and services in the different territories of the German state.
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Breuilly, John. "Napoleonic Germany and State-formation." In Collaboration and Resistance in Napoleonic Europe, 121–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230294141_8.

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Veblen, Thorstein. "The Dynastic State." In Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution, 52–87. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429337727-3.

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Lambrecht, Franz, and Carsten Sommer. "Critical Behavior of Young Adolescent Cyclists in Germany." In Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation, 47–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80012-3_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Malena, Kevin, Christopher Link, Sven Mertin, Sandra Gausemeier, and Ansgar Trachtler. "Validation of an Online State Estimation Concept for Microscopic Traffic Simulations◆◆Research supported by the Ministry of Economy, Innovation, Digitalization and Energy of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany." In 2021 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itec51675.2021.9490087.

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Qin, Xiao-chun, Yi Shen, and Zhong-yu Li. "Comparative Study on Environmental Protection Issues in Integrated Transport Network Planning of United States, Germany, and China." In 11th International Conference of Chinese Transportation Professionals (ICCTP). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41186(421)266.

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Augener, Philip H., and Stefan Krüger. "Computation of Drift Forces for Dynamic Positioning Within the Very Early Design Stage of Offshore Wind Farm Installation Vessels." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23074.

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The German government has decided upon the changeover from fossil and nuclear based electrical power generation to renewable energies. Following from this offshore wind farms are erected in the exclusive economic zones of Germany. For the transportation and installation as well as the maintenance of the wind turbine generators very specialized vessels are needed. The capability of dynamic positioning even in very harsh weather conditions is one of the major design tasks for these vessels. For this reason it is important to know the external loads on the ships during station keeping already in the very early design stage. This paper focuses on the computation of wave drift forces in regular and irregular waves as well as in natural seaway. For validation the results of the introduced calculation procedure are compared to measured drift force data from sea-keeping tests of an Offshore Wind Farm Transport and Installation Vessel.
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Tsai, Tom. "Tram-Train: Mixed Use of Rail Corridors." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33252.

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One of the new forms of suburban rail services is the joint operation of light and conventional rail equipment on existing rail infrastructure. Beginning with the conversion of the light rail system in Karlsruhe, Germany, several cities in Europe and United States have found the advantage of using light rail vehicles to extend rail service from city center to suburbia via existing conventional railroad irresistible. This seamless mode of transportation offers the most attractive and cost-effective rail system to move a large number of people through the metropolitan area. Using the lessons learned from Europe and America, this paper describes the technical issues involved and its benefits for adoption by transportation planners of this emerging trend.
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Lautala, Pasi T., Rosa´rio Ma´ca´rio, Jo¨rn Pachl, J. Riley Edwards, and William J. Sproule. "Developing Railway Higher Education in the European Union and United States." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36025.

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Congestion, emissions generated by transportation, increasing fuel costs and expanding demand for mobility have revived the interest for modern rail transportation throughout the world. Simultaneously, expansion of global trade and increasing demands for technology to improve the safety and productivity of the industry are creating a new environment that requires a different way of thinking when developing railway systems. Overall, the authors believe that current changes provide a fertile ground for institutions of higher education in the United States and the European Union (EU) to increase their transatlantic cooperation in education and research. Recent studies related to railway higher education have been undertaken in Europe and the United States. The European Rail Research Network of Excellence (EURNEX) conducted a study to develop and organize educational and training activities in participating higher education institutions. In Germany, a comprehensive inventory was conducted to define the current level of rail transportation activities in higher education institutions. In the United States, American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (AREMA) conducted a study to determine the type and extent of rail education currently offered on campuses. In addition, a benchmarking study was performed by Michigan Tech University to investigate rail education and recruitment at universities with the objective to define the quantitative and qualitative demands for rail engineers by industry employers. This paper presents a synopsis of these past studies and introduces an on-going “TUNRail” project to “tune” and intensify the railway higher education knowledge exchange and collaboration between the EU and the United States.
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Wonder, Edward, David S. Duncan, and Eric A. Howden. "A Comparative Evaluation of Licensing Requirements for Dry Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel in the United States, Germany, Canada and the Russian Federation." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49551.

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Technical activities to support licensing of dry spent nuclear fuel storage facilities are complex, with policy and regulatory requirements often being influenced by politics. Moreover, the process is often convoluted, with numerous and diverse stakeholders making the licensing activity a difficult exercise in consensus-reaching. The objective of this evaluation is to present alternatives to assist the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) in developing a licensing approach for a planned Dry Spent Fuel Storage Facility. Because the RK lacks experience in licensing a facility of this type, there is considerable interest in knowing more about the approval process in other countries so that an effective, non-redundant method of licensing can be established. This evaluation is limited to a comparison of approaches from the United States, Germany, Russia, and Canada. For each country considered, the following areas were addressed: siting; fuel handling and cask loading; dry fuel storage; and transportation of spent fuel. The regulatory requirements for each phase of the process are presented, and a licensing approach that would best serve the RK is recommended.
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Elmqvist, Hilding, Fabien Gaucher, Sven Erik Mattson, and Francois Dupont. "State Machines in Modelica." In 9th International MODELICA Conference, Munich, Germany. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp1207637.

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Heinrich, Hermann. "Thermography in Germany: state of the art." In AeroSense 2000, edited by Ralph B. Dinwiddie and Dennis H. LeMieux. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.381563.

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Reimer, Fabian, Ivana Moerland-Masic, Albert End, Jana Schadow, Thomas-Mathias Bock, Frank Meller, and Bjoern Nagel. "Safety and Privacy in Urban Air Mobility (UAM) - A User Centric Design Approach Providing Insights into People´s Preferences for UAM Cabin Designs." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002494.

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For years, manufacturers and research institutions around the world have been working on various concepts to start a new era of urban and suburban transportation for people with so-called Air Taxis. However, the social acceptance of this new type of mobility is widely assumed to play an essential role in the future development of this field. Since passengers of future Air Taxis will spend most of the trip inside the cabin area, the desire for safety and privacy within the cabin might have a substantial impact on people´s opinions about such vehicles. Therefore, users are being involved in the design process of future Air Taxi cabins from the very beginning as part of the Horizon UAM project at the DLR German Aerospace Center. For this purpose, an online survey was initiated in July 27, 2021 and completed in October 19, 2021, resulting in 202 valid datasets of participants from various demographic groups in Germany. One survey part focused on factors of safety and privacy and was divided into two stages. In the first stage, respondents were asked to share their personal experiences and opinions about safety and privacy in public transport. In the second stage, six different scenarios for UAM cabins were presented. All scenarios used cabins with four seats in two rows of seats facing each other, including different types of partition walls. For evaluating each concept, participants were asked to imagine themselves being on a 10-15 -minute flight with an Air Taxi. Both in a scenario as a solo traveler and as a traveler with an accompanying person, the overall evaluation of each concept had to be given with respect to privacy, safety and comfort.The response pattern of the first part indicates, that the hygiene of a seat in public transportation was perceived to be particularly important. Furthermore, respondents showed a strong preference to have a free seat next to them, while group seating areas with four seats seemed to be rather avoided. Moreover, it tended to be relatively unimportant for the participants to be able to see the driver of the public vehicle. The response pattern of the second part suggested, for instance, that respondents seemed to decline partition walls in case they disturb the visual contact with an accompanying person. Accordingly, the absence of any partitions was also rated relatively positive, for the scenario of traveling with companion. In trips without an accompanying person, sharing a separated area with a foreigner tended to be evaluated rather negatively, especially when facing each other. However, complete separation from all fellow passengers also received a substantial amount of negative evaluations.Consequently, future Air Taxi cabin design concepts should avoid fully closed compartments with two foreign travelers facing each other. Therefore, flexible separation concepts might be considered in order to create an individual level of safety and privacy inside UAM cabins. The findings of the survey provide important information for future cabin design of air taxis. By involving the population into the process, the acceptance towards new modes of transport might be increased.
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Hohol, T. A., and Yu K. Lychkun. "Peculiarities of financial reporting in Germany." In Accounting, taxation, analysis and audit: current state, problems and prospects for development. Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/978-617-7571-98-7-2020-7-9.

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Reports on the topic "Transportation and state – Germany"

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Wandeler, Christian, and Steve Hart. The Fresno State Transportation Challenge. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1955.

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Wandeler, Christian, and Steve Hunt. The Fresno State Transportation Challenge. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2009.

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The Fresno State Transportation Challenge uses an action civics approach to support K-12 students in developing transportation-related projects that have a positive impact on the community. In 2020 the goal was to expand, refine, and create structures to sustain the implementation of the Transportation Challenge across subsequent years. As a result of the COVID pandemic, the process and goals of the project were adapted. The project was extended into April 2021 and was entirely conducted through remote participation. The focus was on two high schools. The expansion into the high school age bracket was successful and the experience with these two projects will allow for easier expansion in additional high schools in the future. One high school focused on the topic of active mobility, specifically biking, and addressed the challenge of how to get more students to bike to school. The other high school combined the transportation challenge with an economic vitalization project. The students were asked to also develop a modern transportation concept. Both projects exposed high school students to the topic of transportation and expanded awareness of transportation careers. Students also developed important competencies in the domains of problem solving, collaboration, communication, and leadership.
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Mahdavian, Farnaz. Germany Country Report. University of Stavanger, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.180.

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Germany is a parliamentary democracy (The Federal Government, 2021) with two politically independent levels of 1) Federal (Bund) and 2) State (Länder or Bundesländer), and has a highly differentiated decentralized system of Government and administration (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, 2021). The 16 states in Germany have their own government and legislations which means the federal authority has the responsibility of formulating policy, and the states are responsible for implementation (Franzke, 2020). The Federal Government supports the states in dealing with extraordinary danger and the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) supports the states' operations with technology, expertise and other services (Federal Ministry of Interior, Building and Community, 2020). Due to the decentralized system of government, the Federal Government does not have the power to impose pandemic emergency measures. In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to slowdown the spread of coronavirus, on 16 March 2020 the federal and state governments attempted to harmonize joint guidelines, however one month later State governments started to act more independently (Franzke & Kuhlmann, 2021). In Germany, health insurance is compulsory and more than 11% of Germany’s GDP goes into healthcare spending (Federal Statistical Office, 2021). Health related policy at the federal level is the primary responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Health. This ministry supervises institutions dealing with higher level of public health including the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute (PEI), the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Federal Centre for Health Education (Federal Ministry of Health, 2020). The first German National Pandemic Plan (NPP), published in 2005, comprises two parts. Part one, updated in 2017, provides a framework for the pandemic plans of the states and the implementation plans of the municipalities, and part two, updated in 2016, is the scientific part of the National Pandemic Plan (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). The joint Federal-State working group on pandemic planning was established in 2005. A pandemic plan for German citizens abroad was published by the German Foreign Office on its website in 2005 (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). In 2007, the federal and state Governments, under the joint leadership of the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Health, simulated influenza pandemic exercise called LÜKEX 07, and trained cross-states and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007b). In 2017, within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with representatives from WHO and the World Bank to prepare for future pandemic events (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). By the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, on 27 February 2020, a joint crisis team of the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) and the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) was established (Die Bundesregierung, 2020a). On 4 March 2020 RKI published a Supplement to the National Pandemic Plan for COVID-19 (Robert Koch Institut, 2020d), and on 28 March 2020, a law for the protection of the population in an epidemic situation of national scope (Infektionsschutzgesetz) came into force (Bundesgesundheitsministerium, 2020b). In the first early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Germany managed to slow down the speed of the outbreak but was less successful in dealing with the second phase. Coronavirus-related information and measures were communicated through various platforms including TV, radio, press conferences, federal and state government official homepages, social media and applications. In mid-March 2020, the federal and state governments implemented extensive measures nationwide for pandemic containment. Step by step, social distancing and shutdowns were enforced by all Federal States, involving closing schools, day-cares and kindergartens, pubs, restaurants, shops, prayer services, borders, and imposing a curfew. To support those affected financially by the pandemic, the German Government provided large economic packages (Bundesministerium der Finanzen, 2020). These measures have adopted to the COVID-19 situation and changed over the pandemic. On 22 April 2020, the clinical trial of the corona vaccine was approved by Paul Ehrlich Institute, and in late December 2020, the distribution of vaccination in Germany and all other EU countries
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Graf, A. State-Level Workshops on Ethanol for Transportation: Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15006926.

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Author, Not Given. Southern State Radiological Transportation Emergency Response Training Course Summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6367899.

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Lewis, Rebecca, and Rob Zako. Assessing State Efforts to Integrate Transportation, Land Use and Climate. Portland State University, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.162.

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Saricks, C. L., and M. M. Tompkins. State-level accident rates of surface freight transportation : a reexamination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/12051.

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Vilardo, F. J., E. L. Mitter, J. A. Palmer, H. C. Briggs, and J. Fesenmaier. Survey of state and tribal emergency response capabilities for radiological transportation incidents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6957130.

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Khalifa, Rafaa. Evaluating Project Assessment Techniques for High-Profile Transportation Projects Development and Delivery: Case of State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6985.

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Urfels, Marie. From state support to market and financialization measures in crisis times: A comparative literature review of the Swedish and German housing systems. Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772605.

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This paper present the findings of an extensive literature review on the housing systems in Germany and Sweden. The literature review majorly focuses on the rental housing sector but also touches upon other segments of the housing market, especially the cooperative housing sector. The report thus provides a general overview and situates the rental sector in the wider context of the overall housing market in the two countries. The paper adds valuable knowledge about the large differences in the post-war responses to the housing shortage in Germany and Sweden. While Sweden responded with a universal off-market approach to housing, (West) Germany implemented a dualist housing system within a social market economy. Despite differences in past solutions, the contemporary problems seem to be similar. The report concludes that, in the search of a response to the current housing crisis, Germany sees a re-emergence of the state, while Sweden’s next moves are uncertain.
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