Academic literature on the topic 'Transport/transfert de charge'

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Journal articles on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

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Debnath, Tushar. "Interfacial Charge Transfer Processes in Perovskite-based Materials." Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access 8, no. 4 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000266.

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Perovskite-based materials have gained significant attention in the last few years both in nanotechnology and optoelectronic applications. The interface between perovskites and electron (or hole) transport layers (ETL or HTL) plays a critical role in the charge transport properties in perovskite-based devices which eventually govern the final efficiency of the device. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand the interfacial charge transfer/transport processes in these materials. In this minireview, we summarize the ultrafast interfacial charge transfer processes from perovskites to electron/hole quenchers and highlight the importance of the surface coupling of such quenchers on the charge transfer and solar cell efficiency. A few examples of ETL and HTL and their effect on the device performance have been discussed. Therefore, the review will provide a platform to understand the importance of interfacial charge transfer processes and their effect on the final device efficiency in perovskite-based materials.
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Armitage, N. P., M. Briman, and G. Grüner. "Charge transfer and charge transport on the double helix." physica status solidi (b) 241, no. 1 (January 2004): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200303603.

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Jortner, J., M. Bixon, T. Langenbacher, and M. E. Michel-Beyerle. "Charge transfer and transport in DNA." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 22 (October 27, 1998): 12759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.22.12759.

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Chollet-Xémard, C., D. Michel, P. Szuster, D. Cervellin, and E. Lecarpentier. "Retour d’expérience des transferts en HéliSmur de patients Covid-19." Annales françaises de médecine d’urgence 10, no. 4-5 (September 2020): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/afmu-2020-0262.

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L’augmentation du nombre d’hospitalisations en réanimation de patients graves atteints de la Covid-19 a nécessité le transfert d’un certain nombre d’entre eux vers des régions moins touchées que le Grand Est et l’Île-de-France afin de ne pas dégrader la qualité des soins. Les HéliSmur ont fait partie intégrante du dispositif d’évacuation de ces patients. Utilisés au quotidien, ils ont confirmé leur utilisation en cas de crise où la problématique des élongations est une difficulté. Cependant, le recours aux HéliSmur a nécessité une adaptation de tous à de nouvelles modalités opérationnelles. Le transport de patients critiques, le port d’un équipement de protection individuelle par l’équipe médicale et les membres d’équipage ainsi que les procédures renforcées de bionettoyage ont impacté les temps d’intervention mais aussi la charge mentale des personnes à bord. La mise en place d’équipes médicales dédiées et rompues aux transferts héliportés a permis d’optimiser la prise en charge complexe de ces patients tant sur le plan médical qu’aéronautique. Nous présentons notre retour d’expérience des transferts en HéliSmur que nous avons réalisés au départ de la région francilienne.
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Hersam, M. C., and R. G. Reifenberger. "Charge Transport through Molecular Junctions." MRS Bulletin 29, no. 6 (June 2004): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2004.120.

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AbstractIn conventional solid-state electronic devices, junctions and interfaces play a significant if not dominant role in controlling charge transport. Although the emerging field of molecular electronics often focuses on the properties of the molecule in the design and understanding of device behavior, the effects of interfaces and junctions are often of comparable importance. This article explores recent work in the study of metal–molecule–metal and semiconductor–molecule–metal junctions. Specific issues include the mixing of discrete molecular levels with the metal continuum, charge transfer between molecules and semiconductors, electron-stimulated desorption, and resonant tunneling. By acknowledging the consequences of junction/interface effects, realistic prospects and limitations can be identified for molecular electronic devices.
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Kramer, G. J., H. B. Brom, and L. J. De Jongh. "Charge transport in charge transfer salts by order parameter fluctuations." Synthetic Metals 19, no. 1-3 (March 1987): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(87)90327-4.

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Yang, Yongfan, Yuze Zhang, Chunhua T. Hu, Mengmeng Sun, Sehee Jeong, Stephanie S. Lee, Alexander G. Shtukenberg, and Bart Kahr. "Transport in Twisted Crystalline Charge Transfer Complexes." Chemistry of Materials 34, no. 4 (February 11, 2022): 1778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04003.

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Cheng, Che-Hsuan, Darwin Cordovilla Leon, Zidong Li, Emmett Litvak, and Parag B. Deotare. "Energy Transport of Hybrid Charge-Transfer Excitons." ACS Nano 14, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): 10462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c04367.

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Iwasa, Y., N. Watanabe, T. Koda, S. Koshihara, Y. Tokura, N. Iwasawa, and G. Saito. "Nonlinear soliton transport in charge transfer compounds." Synthetic Metals 42, no. 1-2 (May 1991): 1675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)91925-z.

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Ulanski, Jacek. "Charge-carrier transport in heterogeneous conducting materials: Polymer + charge-transfer complex." Synthetic Metals 41, no. 3 (May 1991): 923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(91)91528-i.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

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Liu, Chuan. "Charge transport and charge transfer at organic semiconductor heterojunctions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611516.

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Compoint, Mylène. "Transport d'ions potassium à travers une membrane cellulaire : étude des propriétés physicochimiques des canaux kcsa par dynamique moléculaire." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2038.

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Ce travail de thèse concerne l'étude des propriétés physicochimiques des canaux KcsA par dynamique moléculaire. Le but est de mieux connaître les mécanismes responsables à l'échelle atomique du transport d'information dans les canaux transmembranaires à potassium. Dans la première partie, nous passons en revue les méthodes d'investigation des protéines membranaires et rappelons les travaux qui ont été effectués sur le canal ionique KcsA à une résolution très élevée. Les applications utilisant la dynamique moléculaire ont abouti aux résultats principaux suivants présentés dans la seconde partie : 1) une forme stable de la structure fermée avec une séquence d'occupation KWKWKK, 2) des mouvements fortement corrélés entre les ions et les molécules d'eau ainsi qu'entre les différents couples K/W du filtre sélectif, 3) la construction d'une structure ouverte réaliste du KcsA dont la zone responsable de l'ouverture correspond aux hélices internes M2, 4) l'ouverture du canal s'effectue par un mouvement de fermeture éclair des résidus terminaux du milieu intracellulaire vers le milieu extracellulaire, 5) la présence d'un transfert de charge de l'ion K+ situé dans le site S2 sur les atomes environnants de la protéine mise en évidence par l'utilisation d'une méthode quantique de calcul des charges de l'ion K+ au cours de sa progression dans le pore. La troisième partie présente les perspectives offertes par ce travail et ouvre atuellement la voie à l'étude de la polarisation des molécules d'eau de la cavité et du filtre dans les deux conformations fermée/ouverte de la protéine ainsi qu'à l'étude de la sélectivité K+/Na+ du canal KcsA par les mêmes méthodes quantiques
This thesis is devoted to the study of the physicochemical properties of KcsA channels using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The goal is to reach a better knowledge at the atomic scale of the mechanisms which are responsible forthe ion transport in these transmembrane potassium channels. In the first part,available experimental and theoretical data on the protein properties are presented, while new results obtained during this thesis are discussed in the second part. The main results obtained in part II from restrained MD simulations are as follows : 1) a stable closed conformation for the protein is found with the sequence KWKWKK, 2) strong correlated motions between K+ ions and neighbouring water molecules, and between different K/W couples are determined along the selectivity filter, 3) a realistic open structure is obtained which is consistent with the most recent experimental data. The internal M2 helices rae responsible for the gating mechanism, 4) the gating proceeds according to a zipper mechanism implying first the terminal residues at the innermost part of the M2 helices and then propagating towards the bottom of the cavity, 5) a substantial charge transfer between the K+ ions and the surrounding atoms of the channel is determined using a quantum description for the charges. The third part deals with the presentation of various prospects offered by this work, notably the study of water polarization inside the filter and the cavity in the two protein states, and of the K+/Na+ selectivity of the KcsA by the same quantum methods
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Benjamin, Daniel. "Thermal transport and photo-induced charge transport in graphene." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42746.

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The electronic material graphene has attracted much attention for its unique physical properties such as, linear band structure, high electron mobility, and room temperature ballistic conduction. The possibilities for device applications utilizing graphene show great variety, from transistors for computing to chemical sensors. Yet, there are still several basic physical properties such as thermal conductivity that need to be determined accurately. This work examines the thermal properties of graphene grown by the chemical vapor deposition technique. The thermoelectric power of graphene is studied in ambient and vacuum environments and is shown to be highly sensitive to surface charge doping. Exploiting this effect, we study the change in thermoelectric power due to introduction of gaseous species. The temperature dependent thermal conductivity of graphene is measured using a comparison method. We show that the major contribution to the thermal conductivity is the scattering of in-plane phonons. Graphene also shows promise as an optoelectronic material. We probe the Landau level structure of graphene in high magnetic fields using a differential photoconductivity technique. Using this method we observed the lifting of spin and valley degeneracies of the lowest Landau level in graphene.
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Herman, Leslie. "Ru(II) under illumination: a study of charge and energy transfer elementary processes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210399.

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Une compréhension sans cesse plus pointue des processus élémentaires de transferts de charges et d’énergie, qui sont à la base même de nombreux processus biologiques, permet non seulement l’élaboration mais aussi l’amélioration de la mise au point de molécules photoactives utiles dans différentes applications. C'est le cas (i) de systèmes moléculaires et supramoléculaires destinés à mimer efficacement la photosynthèse, ou encore (ii) de molécules photoactives capables d’interagir avec des macromolécules biologiques et d’induire une transformation de ces biomolécules. C’est dans ce cadre général que s’inscrit l’élaboration de nouveaux complexes polyazaaromatiques de Ru(II) capables d’interagir avec la double hélice d’ADN et de photoréagir avec sa base la plus réductrice, la guanine, par transfert d’électron photoinduit. C’est sur la base de ces processus que des nouveaux agents antitumoraux photoactivables ont pu être développés. L’utilisation de complexes de Ru(II) dans le design d’entités supramoléculaires polymétalliques destinées à jouer le rôle de collecteurs de lumière et permettant ainsi de mimer les systèmes d’antennes naturels s’intègre également dans cette démarche.

L’ensemble de notre travail s’est concentré sur ces deux domaines d’applications. Par l’étude de différents processus de transfert de charges/d’énergie au sein des complexes seuls (processus intramoléculaires) ou en interaction avec un environnement spécifique (processus intermoléculaires), nous avons souhaité mettre en évidence l’intérêt de l’utilisation d’un nouveau ligand plan étendu, le tpac, au sein de complexes du Ru(II). Un tel ligand permet en effet de conférer d’une part une affinité élevée des complexes résultants pour l’ADN, et d’autre part, de par sa nature pontante, de connecter des unités métalliques entre elles au sein d’entités supramoléculaires de taille importante.

Les propriétés photophysiques de quatre complexes basés sur le ligand plan étendu tpac, le [Ru(phen)2tpac]2+ (P) et son homologue dinucléaire le [(phen)2Ru tpac Ru(phen)2]4+ (PP) (à base de ligands ancillaires phen), ainsi que le [Ru(tap)2tpac]2+ (T) et son homologue dinucléaire le [(tap)2Ru tpac Ru(tap)2]4+ (TT) (à base de ligands ancillaires tap), ont été étudiées et comparées entre elles.

L’examen de ces propriétés, d’abord pour les complexes seuls en solution, en parallèle avec celles de complexes dinucléaires contenant un ligand pontant PHEHAT, a permis de mettre en évidence l’importance de la nature du ligand pontant utilisé. Ces résultats ont ainsi révélé qu’un choix judicieux du ligand pontant permet de construire des entités de grande taille capables de transférer l’énergie lumineuse vers un centre (cas du ligand PHEHAT), ou, au contraire, de relier entre elles des entités ne s’influençant pas l’une l’autre d’un point de vue photophysique (cas du ligand tpac).

Les propriétés des complexes du tpac, étudiés cette fois en présence de matériel génétique (mononucléotide GMP, ADN ou polynucléotides synthétiques), se sont révélées très différentes selon que le complexe portait des ligands ancillaires phen (P, PP) ou tap (T, TT). Seuls les complexes à base de tap sont en effet photoréactifs envers les résidus guanine. Nous avons dès lors focalisé cette partie de notre travail sur les deux complexes T et TT. Cette photoréaction, ainsi que le transfert d’électron photoinduit entre ces complexes excités et la guanine, ont pu être mis en évidence par différentes techniques de spectroscopie d’émission tant stationnaire que résolue dans le temps, ainsi que par des mesures d’absorption transitoire dans des échelles de temps de la nano à la femto/picoseconde. L’étude du comportement photophysique des complexes en fonction du pH a en outre révélé de manière très intéressante que, pour des études en présence d’ADN, la protonation des états excités des complexes devait être considérée. Les résultats de cette étude nous ont fourni des pistes quant à l’attribution des processus observés en absorption transitoire.

Le transfert d’électron a également fait l’objet d’une étude par des méthodes théoriques. Ces calculs ab initio ont permis de mettre en évidence une faible influence de l’énergie de réorganisation sur la vitesse de transfert d’électron, qui semble dépendre plus sensiblement de la non-adiabaticité du processus, mais surtout de l’énergie libre de la réaction et d’un éventuel couplage à un transfert de proton.

L’ensemble des résultats obtenus avec les complexes T et TT en présence de matériel génétique, qui, de manière assez inattendue, sont très semblables, indiquent que ces complexes présentent tous deux un grand intérêt pour le développement de nouvelles drogues antitumorales photoactivables.


Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Jaoui, Alexandre. "Charge and Entropy Transport in Dilute metals." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS151.

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Cette thèse traite la dichotomie entre transport électronique de charge et de chaleur ainsi que les propriétés de transport au-delà de la limite quantique dans les métaux dilués. D’abord, nous étudions deux semi-métaux, WP2 et Sb. La loi de Wiedemann-Franz (WF) y est satisfaite à basse température (T≈2K) mais violée à T≈15K. Cette déviation à température finie à la loi de WF résulte de la différence entre les préfacteurs des T2-résistivités. Dans un cadre boltzmannien, cette différence est associée à une abondance de collisions électroniques à petit angle. Cependant, l’exemple de l’3He liquide montre que des collisions fermioniques qui conservent le moment total conduisent à une T2-résistivité thermique. Une interprétation différente est alors possible dans WP2 et Sb : la possible existence d’un régime hydrodynamique des électrons. Pour Sb, le ratio entre les T2-préfacteurs des résistivités thermique et électrique évolue avec la taille du système. Cette découverte appuie le scénario hydrodynamique. Enfin, nous montrons l’existence de corrections hydrodynamiques dans la conductivité thermique due à un autre type de quasiparticules, les phonons. La seconde partie de cette thèse traite du destin de la mer de Fermi au-delà de la limite quantique (QL). Dans le semi-conducteur dopé InAs, nous rapportons l’existence d’un état isolant induit par le champ magnétique selon toutes les géométries de mesure. La comparaison avec la succession d’états induits par le champ dans graphite jusqu’à B=90T révèle que l’état fondamental d’un gaz d’électrons 3D au-delà de la QL n’est pas universel et dépend du système. Nos résultats suggèrent l’existence d’un état de surface conducteur dans InAs
This manuscript focuses on the electronic heat/charge transport dichotomy and the beyond-quantum-limit transport properties of dilute metals.In the first part, we report on a study of two semi-metals, WP2 and Sb. In both cases, we found that the Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law is recovered at low temperature (T ≈ 2 K), but not at T ≈ 15 K. We show that the finite-temperature deviation from the WF law is due to a mismatch between the prefactors of the T 2-resistivities. In the Boltzmann picture of transport, this difference is associated with abundant small-angle scattering among electrons. However, we argue that momentum-conserving fermionic collisions in normal-state liquid 3He also produce a thermal T2-resistivity. This opens the door for an alternative interpretation : the existence of a hydrodynamic regime of electrons in these semi-metals. In this scenario, the larger T2 thermal resistivity is due to momentum-conserving electronic collisions. In the case of Sb, the ratio of the two T2-prefactors evolves with sample size. This observation supports the hydrodynamic scenario. Finally, we find a large hydrodynamic correction in the phononic thermal conductivity. The second part deals with the fate of the Fermi sea in the quantum limit (QL). In the doped semi-conductor InAs, we observe a field-induced insulating state for all geometries of transport. The comparison with the succession of field-induced states in graphite up to B = 90 T reveals that the ground state of a 3D electron gas beyond the QL is system-dependent. The observation of a saturating resistivity accompanied by vanishing thermoelectric coefficients in InAs points to the existence of a conductive surface state
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Caruge, Jean-Michel. "Etude du transport local de charges dans les couches semi-conductrices désordonnées par spectroscopie à une molécule." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12347.

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L'extrême sensibilité et la finesse des raies de molécules uniques, à basse température, permettent d'étudier la dynamique des solides et de révéler des phénomènes physiques à l'échelle du nanomètre. Nous montrons qu'une molécule unique peut sonder localement le transport électrique dans des couches minces semi-conductrices. Deux systèmes sont étudiés des molécules de tétra-tert-butyle terrylène (TBT), déposées en faible concentration, sur des couches d'oxyde de zinc (Zn0) et d'oxyde d'indium (ITGO). Sur ZnO, la distribution statistique de la largeur des raies moléculaires en fonction de la conductivité électrique révèle un couplage important entre les électrons libres et les molécules de TBT. En régime isolant, nous montrons qu'environ 5 % des molécules sont localisées à proximité de sites de conduction par sauts tunnels. La conduction électrique en régime diffusif est fortement inhomogène, et se manifeste par la formation de points chauds localisés sur une distance inférieure à cent nanomètres. Sur ITGO métallique et granulaire, 80 % des impuretés connaissent un déplacement gigantesque de leur fréquence de transition. La réponse temporelle révèle d'une part le temps de relaxation anormalement long du déplacement en fréquence et d'autre part le couplage des impuretés à une distribution d'oscillateurs locaux. Les propriétés de ces systèmes oscillants sont surprenantes : localisation spatiale sur une distance de l'ordre de 30 nm et fréquences de résonance extrêmement basses comprises entre 10 kHz et 1 MHz.
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Beggs, Bruce Cameron. "Optical charge injection into a gallium arsenide acoustic charge transport device." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26681.

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There is a need for monolithic devices capable of spatial resolution in imaging and ionizing radiation detection. In this thesis, a GaAs acoustic charge transport device (ACT) was studied for this purpose. A new method of charge injection has been demonstrated for the ACT. Using near-infrared optical pulses incident through thin semi-transparent chromium windows, electron-hole-pairs were separated by the electric field in a depleted n-type channel region of the device. For light penetration less than the depth of the electron potential minimum, and for small injection levels, calculations indicated that electrons and holes were separated at their saturation velocities. Holes moving toward the surface of the substrate could recombine with electrons at an evaporated Schottky metal plate. Electrons moving toward the channel centre were bunched and transported by the electric field coupled to a <110> propagating surface acoustic wave (SAW) on (100) cut GaAs. Quantum efficiency, defined as the number of electrons collected at the output per incident photon on the GaAs surface, was greater than 9% at an optical wavelength of 730 nm. When compensation was made for the loss and reflection due to the chromium windows, the quantum efficiency was in excess of 24%. Charge transfer efficiency was greater than 0.992 with the ACT clocked at 360 MHz. The demonstrated optical injection technique may be of use in future ACT imaging devices.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Rice, Elisabeth. "Computational modelling of electronic states, charge transfer and charge transport in organic semiconductors." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/59946.

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In this thesis, we model electronic states, charge transfer and charge transport in organic semiconductors (OSCs). We are interested in the effect of chemical structure, molecular packing and different types of disorder on the charge transport in these materials, which is an important factor determining the efficiencies of devices made with OSCs. This is an intrinsically multiscale problem, and we use computational methods than span length and time-scales. We investigate the effect of molecular packing and crystal structure on charge carrier mobility in molecular crystals. We also model the electron mobility in disordered small molecules containing different defects to find the effect of these defects on the performance of devices. We perform electronic structure calculations to investigate the HOMO and LUMO levels in the presence of different defects, as well as to generate absorption, photoluminescence and infrared spectra to compare to experimental spectra. We develop a computationally efficient method for modelling polarons in organic semiconductors within a tight-binding framework. We apply the method to large assemblies of fullerene molecules generated with coarse-grained molecular dynamics. The method allows us to explore the effect of energetic and configurational disorder, as well as polaron formation, on the density of states and size of charge states in these systems. We further develop a method for calculating transfer integrals between molecules or molecular fragments, based on performing calculations of molecular orbitals in a counterpoise basis set. We apply it to calculating intramolecular transfer integrals and transfer integrals between donor and acceptor molecules at interfaces in organic photovoltaics, and between dopant and host molecules.
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Kim, Yee Seul. "Investigation of charge transport/transfer and charge storage at mesoporous TiO2 electrodes in aqueous electrolytes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC161/document.

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Améliorer notre compréhension des mécanismes de transport/transfert de charges et de stockage de charges dans les films d'oxyde métallique semi-conducteur mésoporeux transparents (fonctionnalisés ou non par des chromophores redox-actifs) dans des électrolytes aqueux est d'une importance fondamentale pour le développement et l'optimisation d'une large gamme de dispositifs de production ou de stockage d'énergie éco-compatibles et/ou éco-durables (cellules solaires à colorants, batteries, photoélectrolyseurs, ….). Dans ce but, des films de TiO2 semi-conducteur mésoporeux préparés par dépôt sous incidence rasante (GLAD-TiO2) ont été sélectionnés pour leur grande surface spécifique, leur morphologie bien contrôlée, leur transparence élevée dans le visible et leur semiconductivité bien définie qui peut être facilement ajustée par l’application d’un potentiel externe, autorisant ainsi leur caractérisation aisée par spectroélectrochimie en temps réel. Nous avons d'abord étudié le transfert et transport de charges dans des électrodes GLAD-ITO et GLAD-TiO2 fonctionnalisées par une porphyrine de manganèse redox-active jouant à la fois le rôle de chromophore et de catalyseur. Nous avons démontré que la réponse électrochimique des électrodes ainsi modifiées, enregistrée en l'absence ou en présence du substrat O2, dépend fortement de la conductivité du film mésoporeux. En utilisant la voltamétrie cyclique couplée à la spectroscopie d'absorption UV-visible, nous avons pu extraire des informations clés telles que la vitesse du transfert d'électrons hétérogène entre le chromophore redox immobilisé et le matériau semi-conducteur, et aussi pu rationaliser le comportement électrochimique spécifique obtenu sur un film GLAD-TiO2 modifié par la porphyrine en condition catalytique. En parallèle, nous avons développé un procédé de fonctionnalisation de ces films d'oxyde métallique mésoporeux (en l’occurrence des films GLAD-ITO) par électrogreffage de sels d'aryldiazonium générés in situ, permettant d'obtenir des électrodes fonctionnalisées avec un taux de recouvrement surfacique élevé et une stabilité dans le temps particulièrement bonne en conditions hydrolytiques. Nous avons également étudié le stockage de charges au sein d’électrodes GLAD-TiO2 dans divers électrolytes aqueux. Nous avons notamment démontré pour la première fois qu’une insertion rapide, massive et réversible de protons peut être effectuée dans des films de TiO2 nanostructurés amorphes immergés dans un tampon aqueux neutre, le donneur de protons étant alors la forme acide faible du tampon. Nous avons également démontré que ce processus de stockage d’électrons couplé à l’insertion de protons peut se produire sur toute la gamme de pH et pour un vaste panel d'acides faibles organiques ou inorganiques, mais aussi de complexes aqueux d'ions métalliques multivalents, à condition que le potentiel appliqué et le pKa de l'acide faible soient correctement ajustés
Better understanding of the mechanisms of charge transport/transfer and charge storage in transparent mesoporous semiconductive metal oxide films (either functionalized or not by redox-active chromophores) in aqueous electrolytes is of fundamental importance for the development and optimization of a wide range of safe, eco-compatible and sustainable energy producing or energy storage devices (e.g., dye-sensitized solar cells, batteries, photoelectrocatalytic cells, …). To address this question, mesoporous semiconductive TiO2 films prepared by glancing angle deposition (GLAD-TiO2) were selected for their unique high surface area, well-controlled morphology, high transparency in the visible, and well-defined semiconductivity that can be easily adjusted through an external bias, allowing thus their characterization by real-time spectroelectrochemistry. We first investigated charge transfer/transport at GLAD-ITO and GLAD-TiO2 electrodes functionalized by a redox-active manganese porphyrin that can play both the role of chromophore and catalyst. We demonstrate that the electrochemical response of the modified electrodes, recorded either in the absence or presence of O2 as substrate, is strongly dependent on the mesoporous film conductivity. By using cyclic voltammetry coupled to UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, we were able to recover some key information such as the heterogeneous electron transfer rate between the immobilized redox-active dye and the semiconductive material, and also to rationalize the specific electrochemical behavior obtained at a porphyrin-modified GLAD TiO2 film under catalytic turnover. In parallel, we developed a new functionalization procedure of mesoporous metal oxide films (GLAD-ITO in the present case) by electrografting of in-situ generated aryldiazonium salts, allowing for modified electrodes characterized by both a high surface coverage and a particularly good stability over time under hydrolytic conditions. Also, we investigated charge storage at GLAD-TiO2 electrodes under various aqueous electrolytic conditions. We notably evidenced for the first time that fast, massive, and reversible insertion of protons can occur in amorphous nanostructured TiO2 films immersed in near neutral aqueous buffer, with the proton donor being the weak acid form of the buffer but not water. We also demonstrated that this proton-coupled electron charge storage process can occur over the entire range of pH and for a wide range of organic or inorganic weak acids, but also of multivalent metal ion aquo complexes, as long as the applied potential and pKa of weak acid are properly adjusted
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Polvani, Carlomaria. "Ion transport and charge transfer by P-type ATPases." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74298.

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Using fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran filled inside-out vesicles derived from 4$ sp prime$,4-diisothiocyano-2$ sp prime$,2-disulfonic stilbene treated human red blood cells, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the decrease in the Na:Rb(K) stoichiometry of the Na,K-ATPase observed when the cytoplasmic sodium concentration is decreased below 0.4 mM (Blostein, R., 1983, J. Biol. Chem. 258: 12228-12232). First, we considered the possibility of H$ sp{+}$ replacing Na$ sp{+}$ and/or K$ sp{+}$. It was found that in the absence of Na$ sp{+}$, a decrease in pH from 7.4 to 6.0 effected an increase in ATPase activity $( upsilon)$, an increase in phosphoenzyme intermediate (EP) and a strophanthidin-sensitive ATP-dependent H/K exchange. Conversely, in the absence of K$ sp{+}$, a decrease in pH from 7.4 to 6.0 effected an increase in $ upsilon$, a decrease in EP and a strophanthidin-sensitive ATP-dependent Na/H exchange. These results suggest that protons can substitute for sodium and potassium in the sodium pump reaction. Second, it was shown that under conditions where H$ sp{+}$ do not replace Na$ sp{+}$ or K$ sp{+}$, the membrane potential $( Delta Psi)$ effected by the sodium pump is cytoplasmic side-negative at (Na$ sb{ rm cyt}$) $>$ 1 mM and extracellular side-negative at (Na$ sb{ rm cyt}$) 7.8. Our results are consistent with the notion that protons, sodium and potassium ions are transported by a similar mechanism in P-type ATPases.
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Books on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

1

Bonilla, L. L. Nonlinear wave methods for charge transport. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2010.

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Siebbeles, Laurens D. A., and Ferdinand Cornelius Grozema. Charge and exciton transport through molecular wires. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2010.

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S, Bendall D., ed. Protein electron transfer. Oxford, UK: Bios Scientific Publishers, 1996.

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1946-, Schuster G. B., and Angelov Dimitŭr Simeonov, eds. Long-range charge transfer in DNA. Berlin: Springer, 2004.

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Charge transfer in physics, chemistry, and biology: Physical mechanisms of elementary processes and an introduction to the theory. Luxembourg: Gordon and Breach Publishers, 1995.

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1951-, Schöll E., ed. Theory of transport properties of semiconductor nanostructures. London: Chapman & Hall, 1998.

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Miller, Robert L. Acoustic charge transport: Device technology and applications. Boston: Artech House, 1992.

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J, Mattay, and Baumgarten M, eds. Electron transfer. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Hans-Achim, Wagenknecht, ed. Charge transfer in DNA: From mechanism to application. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2005.

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Boris, Levin. Charge migration in dna: Perspectives from physics chemistry, and. [Place of publication not identified]: Springer, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

1

Dohno, Chikara, and Isao Saito. "Chemical Approach to Modulating Hole Transport Through DNA." In Charge Transfer in DNA, 153–74. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606629.ch7.

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O'Neill, Melanie A., and Jacqueline K. Barton. "Sequence-Dependent DNA Dynamics: The Regulator of DNA-Mediated Charge Transport." In Charge Transfer in DNA, 27–75. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606629.ch2.

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Wagenknecht, Hans-Achim. "Principles and Mechanisms of Photoinduced Charge Injection, Transport, and Trapping in DNA." In Charge Transfer in DNA, 1–26. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606629.ch1.

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Andrew, Trisha L., and Timothy M. Swager. "Structure Property Relationships for Exciton Transfer in Conjugated Polymers." In Charge and Exciton Transport through Molecular Wires, 271–310. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527633074.ch10.

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Takabe, Hideaki. "Non-local Transport of Electrons in Plasmas." In Springer Series in Plasma Science and Technology, 285–323. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45473-8_6.

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AbstractSince plasma is high temperature and the charge particles are running with high temperature, for example, at 1 keV, about the velocity of 109 (electron) and 2 × 107 (ion) [cm/s]. Since Coulomb mean-free-path is proportional to (velocity)4, higher velocity component transfers its energy over a long distance without Coulomb collision. This is usually called as “non-local transport” and the traditional diffusion model in neutral gas cannot be applicable. In laser plasma, the locally heated electron thermal energy is transported into cold over-dense region non-locally. The best way to solve such problem is to solve Fokker-Planck equation, while it is time consuming and some theoretical models have been proposed and studied over the last four decades. The physics of such models are explained here and most recent model SNB is shown and compared to experiments. The difficulty of transport of charges particles such as electrons is how to include the effect of electrostatic field and magnetic field self-consistently.
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Vura-Weis, Josh, Frederick D. Lewis, Mark A. Ratner, and Michael R. Wasielewski. "Base Pair Sequence and Hole Transfer through DNA: Rational Design of Molecular Wires." In Charge and Exciton Transport through Molecular Wires, 133–56. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527633074.ch5.

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Takagi, H., H. Eisaki, S. Uchida, and R. J. Cava. "Charge Transport Properties of Strongly Correlated Metals near Charge Transfer Insulator to Metal Transition." In Spectroscopy of Mott Insulators and Correlated Metals, 185–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57834-2_16.

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Kee, Robert J., and Huayang Zhu. "Modeling Porous Media Transport, Heterogeneous Thermal Chemistry, and Electrochemical Charge Transfer." In Modeling and Simulation of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions, 187–219. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527639878.ch6.

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Li, Qiuyang, Wenxing Yang, and Tianquan Lian. "Exciton Transport and Interfacial Charge Transfer in Semiconductor Nanocrystals and Heterostructures." In Springer Handbook of Inorganic Photochemistry, 985–1012. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63713-2_33.

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Koyama, Michihisa, and Baber Javed. "Multi-physics Simulation of Charge-Transfer Reaction and Mass Transport in Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode." In Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion, 429–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58675-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

1

Biswas, Sushmita, Hye-son Jung, Michael Stroscio, and Mitra Dutta. "Morphology, optical properties, charge transfer, and charge transport in nanocrystalline quantum dots." In SPIE OPTO, edited by Kurt G. Eyink, Frank Szmulowicz, and Diana L. Huffaker. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.915540.

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Sanin, Andrey L., and Vera G. Ulianova. "Numerical simulation of quantum electron transport in space with positive charge." In Second International Conference on Lasers for Measurement and Information Transfer, edited by Vadim E. Privalov. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.454673.

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Hu, Guoqing. "Solute Transport in Nanochannels With Roughness-Like Structures." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18253.

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Newfound attention has been given to solute transport in nanochannels. Because the electric double layer (EDL) thickness is comparable to characteristic channel dimensions, nanochannels have been used to separate ionic species with a constant charge-to-size ratio (i.e., electrophoretic mobility) that otherwise cannot be separated in electroosmotic or pressure-driven flow along microchannels. In nanochannels, the electrical fields within the EDL cause transverse ion distributions and thus yield charge-dependent mean ion speeds in the flow. Surface roughness is usually inevitable during microfabrication of microchannels or nanochannels. Surface roughness is usually inevitable during the fabrication of nanochannels. In the present study, we develop a numerical model to investigate the transport of charged solutes in nanochannels with hundreds of roughness-like structures. The model is based on continuum theory that couples Navier-Stokes equations for flows, Poisson-Boltzmann equation for electrical fields, and Nernst-Planck equation for solute transports. Different operating conditions are considered and the solute transport patterns in rough channels are compared with those in smooth channels. Results indicate that solutes move slower in rough nanochannels than in smooth ones for both pressure-driven and electroosmotic flows. Moreover, solute separation can be significantly improved by surface roughness under certain circumstances.
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WELLS, STEPHEN A., CHI-TIN SHIH, and RUDOLF A. RÖMER. "MODELLING CHARGE TRANSPORT IN DNA USING TRANSFER MATRICES WITH DIAGONAL TERMS." In Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814289153_0016.

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Chen, Bin, and Bingmei Fu. "A Charge-Diffusion-Filtration Model for Endothelial Surface Glycocalyx." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56149.

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Endothelial surface glycocalyx plays an important role in the regulation of microvessel permeability by possibly changing its charge and configuration. To investigate the mechanisms of how surface properties of the endothelial cells control the changes in microvessel permeability, we extended the electrodiffusion model developed by Fu et al. (Am. J. Physiol. 284:H1240-1250, 2003), which is for the interendothelial cleft with a negatively charged surface glycocalyx layer, to include the filtration due to hydrostatic and oncotic pressures across the microvessel wall as well as the electrical potential across the glycocalyx layer. On the basis of the hypotheses proposed by Curry (Microcirculation 1(1): 11–26, 1994), the predictions from this electrodiffusion-filtration model provide a remarkably good agreement with experimental data for permeability of negatively charged α-lactalbumin summarized in Curry (Microcirculation 1(1): 11–26, 1994) under various conditions. In addition, we applied this new model to describe the transport of negatively charged macromolecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA), across venular microvessels in frog mesentery. A very interesting prediction is that the convective component of albumin transport is greatly diminished by the presence of a negatively charged glycocalyx under both normal and increased permeability conditions.
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Jiang, Fangming, Jianbang Zeng, Wei Wu, and Peng Peng. "Direct Numerical Simulation Modeling of Multidisciplinary Transport During Li-Ion Battery Charge/Discharge Processes." In The 15th International Heat Transfer Conference. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc15.mtr.009089.

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Tachibana, Yasuhiro. "Interfacial Charge Transfer and Transport Dynamics in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells." In 3rd International Conference on Perovskite and Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics. València: Fundació Scito, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.iperop.2019.064.

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Ilinskii, A. V. "Charge Transport in High-Resistivity Photorefractive Crystals (Bi12SiO20, ZnSe, GaAs)." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc7.

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The paper reviews our studies[1−7] concerned of photoinduced charge dynamics and electric field evolution in the case of external field screening. The experimental methods providing possibility of electric field distribution direct measurements are considered. It is found that there are two different regimes of electric field screening which depend on experimental conditions (kind of crystal, temperature): narrowing of major cariers depletion region and stratification effect (numerous space charge layers of alternating sign) with increasing charge density - regime 1 and the slow broadening of single layer with constant charge density may occur in bulk of a sample - regime 2.These regimes were experimentally investigated in Bi12SiO20, ZnSe and GaAs crystals. A theoretical description is given of a sufficiently general charge transfer model involving the photogeneration of free carriers, their drift and trapping throughout the depth of the material.
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Dhillon, Navdeep Singh, and Jayathi Y. Murthy. "Coupled Electro-Thermal-Phase Change Modeling of a Chalcogenide Switch." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13950.

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A coupled electro-thermal-phase change numerical model is developed to model the threshold and memory switching processes in a chalcogenide switch based on phase change memory (PCM) technology. Coupled electrical and thermal transport coupled to phase change and crystallization kinetics are solved. Charge transport has been implemented using simplified carrier continuity equations with a threshold switching model for electrical conductivity. Heat transfer is modeled using a Fourier model, accounting for latent heat through a fixed-grid enthalpy formulation. Phase change is modeled using the Johnson-Mehl equations for crystallization kinetics. Thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity changes due to phase change are modeled using a local percolation model. The charge transport and circuit equations are fully coupled with the heat transfer and phase change models to accurately simulate the switching process. SET and RESET pulses are simulated to demonstrate that the model is able to capture the underlying physics well.
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Xu, Weidong, Tian Du, Michael Sachs, Thomas J. Macdonald, Ganghong Ming, Lokeshwari Mohan, Chieh-Ting Lin, Jiaying Wu, Martyn A. McLachlan, and James R. Durrant. "Asymmetric Charge Carrier Transfer and Transport in Planar Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells." In 13th Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics. València: Fundació Scito, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.hopv.2021.051.

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Reports on the topic "Transport/transfert de charge"

1

Cramer, Christopher J. Scientific Computation Application Partnerships in Materials and Chemical Sciences, Charge Transfer and Charge Transport in Photoactivated Systems, Developing Electron-Correlated Methods for Excited State Structure and Dynamics in the NWChem Software Suite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1408275.

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Kim K., R. Rafiel, M. Boardman, I. Reinhard, A. Sarbutt, G. Watt, C. Watt, et al. Charge transport properties of CdMnTe radiation detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1044754.

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Swanson, Jessica. CHARACTERIZING COUPLED CHARGE TRANSPORT WITH MULTISCALE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164073.

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Ullrich, Carsten A. Charge and Spin Transport in Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/960296.

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Martin, Charles R., and Leon S. Van Dyke. Mass and Charge Transport in Electronically Conductive Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225305.

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Ding, Yan, Sung-Chan Kim, Rusty L. Permenter, Richard B. Styles, and Jeffery A. Gebert. Simulations of Shoreline Changes along the Delaware Coast. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39559.

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This technical report presents two applications of the GenCade model to simulate long-term shoreline evolution along the Delaware Coast driven by waves, inlet sediment transport, and longshore sediment transport. The simulations also include coastal protection practices such as periodic beach fills, post-storm nourishment, and sand bypassing. Two site-specific GenCade models were developed: one is for the coasts adjacent to the Indian River Inlet (IRI) and another is for Fenwick Island. In the first model, the sediment exchanges among the shoals and bars of the inlet were simulated by the Inlet Reservoir Model (IRM) in the GenCade. An inlet sediment transfer factor (γ) was derived from the IRM to quantify the capability of inlet sediment bypassing, measured by a rate of longshore sediments transferred across an inlet from the updrift side to the downdrift side. The second model for the Fenwick Island coast was validated by simulating an 11-y ear-long shoreline evolution driven by longshore sediment transport and periodic beach fills. Validation of the two models was achieved through evaluating statistical errors of simulations. The effects of the sand bypassing operation across the IRI and the beach fills in Fenwick Island were examined by comparing simulation results with and without those protection practices. Results of the study will benefit planning and management of coastal sediments at the sites.
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Brown, William. Mechanisms of pentachlorophenol induced charge transport in lipid membranes. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1256.

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Cahill, David G., and R. J. Hamers. Atomic-Scale Charge Transport at the Si(001) Surface. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada236970.

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Frech, Roger. Charge Transport in Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes: A Paradigm Shift. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622953.

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Bommisetty, Venkat. Symposium GC: Nanoscale Charge Transport in Excitonic Solar Cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1017096.

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