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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transplantation of organs, tissue

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Academic literature on the topic 'Transplantation of organs, tissue'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

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N.V. Kuznetsova, N. V. x., and A. I. Merzlyakova. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ORGAN DONATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SWITZERLAND AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 32, no. 6 (November 24, 2022): 1088–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2022-32-6-1088-1093.

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For a long time, the transplantation of organs and tissues from one person to another has remained an unsolvable medical problem. Nowadays, donor organ transplantation is a common and successful way to treat patients with terminal organ failure, which undoubtedly makes it more in demand. The largest percentage of all organ transplants involves transplants from people who have already died. In this regard, an important issue is the possibility for a person to express his or her will regarding the posthumous removal of organs for transplantation, and the mechanisms and possibilities of this expression of will as such. The article deals with the provisions of Russian, US and Swiss legislation regulating the organization and functioning of the organ transplantation system in each country; legal relations in the field of organ and tissue transplantation as well as the mechanisms of citizens' will regarding the posthumous removal of organs and tissues for transplantation purposes. Legal problems of realization of such will in the Russian Federation are covered. The ways of solving the arising problems are offered. The role of legislation, including the presumption on the removal of organs, and other factors influencing the increase in the number of transplantations carried out in the country are considered.

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Krezdorn, Nicco, Sotirios Tasigiorgos, Luccie Wo, Marvee Turk, Rachel Lopdrup, Harriet Kiwanuka, Thet-Su Win, Ericka Bueno, and Bohdan Pomahac. "Tissue conservation for transplantation." Innovative Surgical Sciences 2, no. 4 (August 8, 2017): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iss-2017-0010.

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AbstractPathophysiological changes that occur during ischemia and subsequent reperfusion cause damage to tissues procured for transplantation and also affect long-term allograft function and survival. The proper preservation of organs before transplantation is a must to limit these injuries as much as possible. For decades, static cold storage has been the gold standard for organ preservation, with mechanical perfusion developing as a promising alternative only recently. The current literature points to the need of developing dedicated preservation protocols for every organ, which in combination with other interventions such as ischemic preconditioning and therapeutic additives offer the possibility of improving organ preservation and extending it to multiple times its current duration. This review strives to present an overview of the current body of knowledge with regard to the preservation of organs and tissues destined for transplantation.

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Laudy, Agnieszka E., and Stefan Tyski. "Infections Connected with Organ and Tissue Transplantation." Advancements of Microbiology 63, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/am-2024-0006.

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Abstract Transplantology is a branch of medicine that is developing rapidly. Transplanted whole organs or segments of organs may be recovered from either living or deceased donors. New methods of preserving transplanted solid organs, including the kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas, as well as tissues, such as the cornea and skin, are being developed. Preservation fluid, which is used to perfuse and store the donated organ or tissue, should reduce biological deterioration of organs and tissue, attenuate ischemia/reperfusion-induced cell/tissue injury, and protect against damage. Lowering the storage temperature of organs significantly reduces the risk of damage. Efforts are also made to shorten the time between collecting the organ or tissue from the donor and transplanting it in the recipient. However, during transplantation, the recipient may become infected, primarily with bacteria and fungi. Infections of organ recipients occur most often due to unhygienic organ collection, improper handling and transport, and inappropriate preservation conditions, especially contamination of preservation fluid. The literature on contamination of organ preservation fluid and infections in graft recipients is very diverse, both in terms of the isolated bacterial and fungal species and the number of incidents. A large percentage of contaminating microorganisms belong to the generally non-pathogenic skin microbiota, but there are also cases of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Besides, the transplanted organs themselves may pose a danger. They may contain latent microorganisms, mainly viruses and parasites, that could be activated in a patient who has been subjected to immunosuppression to reduce the risk of organ rejection.

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V. V., KRISHTAL. "THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES WITH REFERENCE TO TRANSPLANTATION: LESSONS FROM INTERNATIONAL LAW." Journal of the Belarusian State University. International relations, no. 1 (June 17, 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6848-2022-1-57-65.

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The definition of the term “human organs and tissues” is considered with reference to the transplantation of organs and tissues. We review the doctrinal approaches, provisions of international legal acts, international instruments, and national legal frameworks related to the transplantation of human organs and tissues. We conclude by proposing a definition of the terms “human organ” and “human tissue” with emphasis on the substantive aspects inherent in them.

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Kobets, P. N., and K. A. Krasnova. "Genesis of Legal Regulation of Human Organ and Tissue Transplantation in the Russian Federation." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 18, no. 3 (November 9, 2023): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2023-3-42-51.

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The authors explore the genesis of human organ and tissue transplantation in our country and the legal relations arising in this connection. For a long time, this area of medical activity was not regulated at the legislative level. Prior to 1917, the issues of transplantation were predominantly theoretical. In the Soviet period of the history of the Russian state, the development of public medicine and numerous military conflicts confirmed the applied nature of experiments on human organ and tissue transplantation. During this period, rapid development of legislation also affected healthcare. The legal presumption of consent to the removal of organs and (or) tissues was formulated, which established the legal framework for donation of human organs and tissues. At the same time, until 1992, the issues of transplantation were regulated mainly by departmental acts of the USSR Ministry of Health. The Law of the Russian Federation “On Transplantation of Human Organs and (or) Tissues” adopted in 1992 determined that the legal regulation of transplantation issues, including the list of transplantation objects, is determined by the federal executive body in the field of healthcare together with the Russian Academy of Sciences. The current level of development of experimental medicine, including transplantology, makes it necessary to regularly supplement the legislation in this area. For example, only on May 1, 2022, transplantation objects were supplemented with hematopoietic stem cells, and gaps in the legal regulation of pediatric transplantation were eliminated. The authors conclude that our country has significant experience in the field of transplantation and a quite perfect legislative framework. However, work on adjusting the current legislation, adopting new laws and by-laws in this area should not stop.

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Dzobo, Kevin, Nicholas Ekow Thomford, Dimakatso Alice Senthebane, Hendrina Shipanga, Arielle Rowe, Collet Dandara, Michael Pillay, and Keolebogile Shirley Caroline M. Motaung. "Advances in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering: Innovation and Transformation of Medicine." Stem Cells International 2018 (July 30, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2495848.

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Humans and animals lose tissues and organs due to congenital defects, trauma, and diseases. The human body has a low regenerative potential as opposed to the urodele amphibians commonly referred to as salamanders. Globally, millions of people would benefit immensely if tissues and organs can be replaced on demand. Traditionally, transplantation of intact tissues and organs has been the bedrock to replace damaged and diseased parts of the body. The sole reliance on transplantation has created a waiting list of people requiring donated tissues and organs, and generally, supply cannot meet the demand. The total cost to society in terms of caring for patients with failing organs and debilitating diseases is enormous. Scientists and clinicians, motivated by the need to develop safe and reliable sources of tissues and organs, have been improving therapies and technologies that can regenerate tissues and in some cases create new tissues altogether. Tissue engineering and/or regenerative medicine are fields of life science employing both engineering and biological principles to create new tissues and organs and to promote the regeneration of damaged or diseased tissues and organs. Major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and have a huge impact on three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. 3D bioprinting holds great promise for artificial tissue and organ bioprinting, thereby revolutionizing the field of regenerative medicine. This review discusses how recent advances in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering can improve 3D bioprinting and vice versa. Several challenges must be overcome in the application of 3D bioprinting before this disruptive technology is widely used to create organotypic constructs for regenerative medicine.

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Jin, Zhirui. "Research Progress on Tissue Engineering of Main Tissues and Organs of Human Body." E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 03043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124503043.

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The injury and failure diseases of human tissues and organs, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease, seriously threaten human health and life safety. At present, however, organ transplantation has obvious limitations, and tissue engineering is considered as a potential alternative therapy. Tissue engineering uses the construction of cells, biomaterials and bioreactors to develop three-dimensional artificial tissues and organs for the enhancement, repair and replacement of damaged or diseased tissues and organs, which contributes to the fundamental solutions of diseases of tissues and organs as well as to the improvement of human health. This paper introduces the research progress of tissue engineering technology in the field of living organs from three aspects: seed cells, application of growth factors and biomimetic preparation of functionalized scaffold materials, hoping to provide help and ideas for the research and industrial development of the repair and reconstruction of human organs.

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Lewis, David D., Robin R. Vidovich, and LifeBanc Cleveland. "Factors Influencing Organ Placement Efforts in Donors with Brain Tumors." Journal of Transplant Coordination 6, no. 1 (March 1996): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999600600110.

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A 3-year retrospective review of brain tumor cases was performed to determine factors that influence organ procurement in light of the increase in references in transplant literature to the hazards of transplanting organs from donors with brain tumors. A 3-year review of cases in which organ procurement efforts occurred were evaluated. Of 314 cases resulting from this review, organ procurement efforts yielded 10 patients with a diagnosis of brain tumor. Of those 10 cases, seven progressed to organ donation, with at least one organ per patient recovered. Manipulation of brain tumors or manipulation along with tissue diagnosis does not seem to hinder procurement of organs. Without tissue diagnosis, the ability of the organ procurement organization to place organs decreases significantly.

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Shafiee, Ashkan, Elham Ghadiri, Jareer Kassis, and Anthony Atala. "Nanosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring: implications for transplantation." Nanomedicine 14, no. 20 (October 2019): 2735–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0150.

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The number of patients requiring organ transplantations is exponentially increasing. New organs are either provided by healthy or deceased donors, or are grown in laboratories by tissue engineers. Post-surgical follow-up is vital for preventing any complications that can cause organ rejection. Physiological monitoring of a patient who receives newly transplanted organs is crucial. Many efforts are being made to enhance follow-up technologies for monitoring organ recipients, and point-of-care devices are beginning to emerge. Here, we describe the role of biosensors and nanosensors in improving organ transplantation efficiency, managing post-surgical follow-up and reducing overall costs. We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art biosensing technologies and offer some perspectives related to their further development.

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Orlean, Аndriy M., Inna V. Berdnik, and Mykhailo S. Puzyrov. "INTERNATIONAL– LEGAL REGULATION OF TRANSPLANTATION IN THE SYSTEM OF PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL TRADE IN ORGANS, TISSUES AND CELLS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, no. 11 (2021): 3036–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202111230.

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The aim: To investigate the features of international – legal regulation of organ, tissue, and cell transplantation in the system of prevention of illegal trade and on the basis of analysis of international acts to formulate proposals for implementation of its norms to the modern national legislation of European countries. Materials and methods: The study used international instruments in the field of human rights protection in organ, tissue, and cell transplantation using a set of philosophical approaches, general scientific and special legal research methods. Conclusions: Based on the analysis of international acts in the field of organ, tissue, and cell transplantation, we can conclude that it is necessary to adopt an international legal act on transplantation and incorporate its provisions into national legislation. It will provide a legal basis for domestic policy, implementation of administrative measures in order to create an effective system for combating illicit trafficking in organs, tissues, and cells, and ensuring human rights and freedoms in the field of transplantation.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

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Chudik, John D. "Human fetal tissue transplantation an Orthodox Christian ethical evaluation /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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Van, den Berg Leon. "Organ and tissue donation and transplantation a perspective of South African Baptists from the Baptist Northern Association and its implications for preaching /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10022007-164428/.

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Pummer-Verté, Lila. "Organ donation and transplantation /." Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12252.

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Bedaiwy, Mohamed Ali. "Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation : approaches and techniques /." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland Clinic, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip082/2007042633.html.

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Waln, Donna L. "The ethics of fetal tissue research and transplant." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Nikkhah, Guido. "Microtransplantation of nigral dopamine neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease studies on functional recovery and structural repair in adult and neonatal rats with lesions of the mesotelencephalic dopamine system /." Lund : Dept. of Medical Cell Research, Lund University, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39693821.html.

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Wotherspoon, John Scott. "Studies in transplantation tolerance." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1990. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26352.

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The most fundamental function of the immune system is discrimination between the molecules that constitute "self" and those of foreign organisms, tissues or substances which the organism encounters during life. This immunological discrimination between self and non-self is vital to the maintenance of the biological integrity of the organism and is evident at the lowest phylogenetic levels (Hildemann et al., 1977). Encounters with molecules which are recognised as non-self trigger the immune system to initiate effector mechanisms by which the foreign molecules are eliminated. The diverse range of self molecules, however, does not apparently induce a similar response. The lack of responsiveness to self molecules, so called self-tolerance, is thought to be acquired during the development of the lymphoid system. As yet, the actual process by which the immune system distinguishes self and non-self molecules is not fully understood and remains a central issue of cellular immunology.

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Motallebzadeh, Reza. "Tertiary lymphoid organogenesis in solid organ transplantation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608121.

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Crouch, Robert Alan. "The child as tissue and organ donor." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23714.

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This thesis attempts to answer the following question: Is it ever morally permissible to use a minor child as a tissue or organ donor for the benefit of a family member? Those sceptical of using minors as tissue or organ donors for the benefit of a sick family member will highlight two points: the donor will be subject to risks that are not counterbalanced by possible medical benefits, and the minor cannot consent to the procedure herself.
This thesis will present a review of the medical risks associated with bone marrow and kidney donations, as well as a review of the common law dealing with donations by minors and incompetent persons. The final chapter then makes a case for the permissibility of minor donation based on the interests of the family.

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Fisher, Karen Joan. "Allocating scarce resources an ethical case study of organ transplantation /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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Books on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

1

R, Chapman Jeremy, Deierhoi Mark, and Wight Celia, eds. Organ and tissue donation for transplantation. London: Arnold, 1997.

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2

E, Lancaster Larry, ed. Tissue and organ transplantation. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders, 1992.

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M, Polak Julia, Hench L. L, and Kemp P, eds. Future strategies for tissue and organ replacement. London: Imperial College Press, 2002.

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David, Axelrod, and New York (State). Division of Health Care Standards & Surveillance., eds. The Implementation of the required request law: A report to Governor Cuomo and the Legislature including a study of transplant services in New York State. [Albany, N.Y.]: The Department, 1987.

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5

H, Toledo-Pereyra Luis, ed. Organ preservation for transplantation. 3rd ed. Austin, Tex: Landes Bioscience, 2010.

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W, Hewitt Charles, Lee W. P. Andrew, and Gordon Chad R, eds. Transplantation of composite tissue allografts. New York, N.Y: Springer, 2008.

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O, Phillips G., ed. The scientific basis of tissue transplantation. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2001.

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H, Toledo-Pereyra Luis, ed. Organ procurement and preservation for transplantation. 2nd ed. Austin: Landes Bioscience, 1997.

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9

Stubblefield, Phillip G., and Niranjan Bhattacharya. Human fetal tissue transplantation. London: Springer, 2013.

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United States. Health Resources and Services Administration. Division of Transplantation., ed. Cómo colaborar con su equipo de trasplantes: Guía sobre trasplantes para el paciente. [Rockville, Md.]: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, Division of Transplantation, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

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Yutzis-Tchorsh, Dalit, and Yair Reisner. "Growing Organs for Transplantation from Embryonic Precursor Tissues." In Human Fetal Tissue Transplantation, 365–75. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4171-6_31.

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Yoo, J. J., and A. Atala. "Tissue Engineering of Genitourinary Organs." In Stem Cell Transplantation and Tissue Engineering, 105–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04816-0_8.

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Owen, Earl R., and Nadey S. Hakim. "Composite Tissue Transplantation: A Stage Between Surgical Reconstruction and Cloning." In Artificial Organs, 165–77. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-283-2_10.

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Kunkel, Katherine J., Maria Molina, and Joyce Wald. "Combined Heart Transplantation with Other Organ Transplantation." In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, 383–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58054-8_34.

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Kunkel, Katherine J., Maria Molina, and Joyce Wald. "Combined Heart Transplantation with Other Organ Transplantation." In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33280-2_34-1.

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Grikscheit, Tracy C., and Erik R. Barthel. "Tissue and Organ Bioengineering." In Textbook of Organ Transplantation, 584–93. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118873434.ch52.

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Hawwa, Nael, and David O. Taylor. "Contraindications to Heart Transplantation." In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, 37–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58054-8_4.

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Hawwa, Nael, and David O. Taylor. "Contraindications to Heart Transplantation." In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33280-2_4-2.

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Katari, Ravi, Lauren Edgar, Kevin Enck, Andrea Peloso, Riccardo Tamburrini, and Giuseppe Orlando. "Tissue Bioengineering in Transplantation." In Technological Advances in Organ Transplantation, 181–213. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62142-5_8.

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Sodhi, Gurpreet, and Ramesh Singh. "Donor Operation and Organ Preservation." In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58054-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

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Komolibus, Katarzyna, Jacqueline E. Gunther, Marcelo Saito Nogueira, Konstantin Grygoryev, and Stefan Andersson-Engels. "Fluorescence spectroscopy of mouse organs using ultraviolet excitation: towards assessment of organ viability for transplantation." In Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXX, edited by Hope T. Beier and Bennett L. Ibey. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2510966.

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Nerem, Robert M. "Tissue Engineering: The Next Generation of Medical Implants." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1161.

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Abstract The engineering of living tissue, i.e. tissue engineering, involves the use of living cells, manipulated through their extracellular environment or even genetically, to develop biological substitutes for implantation into the body and/or to foster the remodeling of tissue in some other active manner (1). The purpose is to either repair, replace, maintain, or enhance the function of a particular tissue or organ. For some organs, the first step will be extracorporeal devices; however, the long term goal of tissue engineering should be either implantable systems or the in vivo remodeling of tissue. Because there are not enough organs available for transplantation to meet the needs of the individuals on waiting lists, there is a real need for tissue-engineered biological substitutes.

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Toner, Mehmet. "Hepatic Tissue Engineering." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1212.

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Abstract Each year, approximately 5000 individuals in the United States develop severe enough hepatic failure to require hepatic support. Of these patients, approximately 2000 will undergo orthotopic liver transplantation, currently the only available method for the clinical management of severe hepatic failure. For patients who are not selected for transplantation, there is no adequate treatment available. Those suffering from cirrhosis fight the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States and those suffering from acute liver failure face a mortality of greater than 80%. Although the replacement of liver function using nonbiological, biological, and semibiological or hybrid approaches his been attempted by many investigators, no means for reliable liver replacement, other than organ transplantation, currently exists. One of the most promising approaches for restoring liver function involves the use of cultured hepatocytes that would be part of an extracorporeal device. For a successful extracorporeal device containing stable and functioning hepatocytes, several critical technologies need further development including techniques for (1) long-term hepatocyte culture and methods for reconstructing “in-vivo-like” liver tissue in vitro (2) hepatocyte cryopreservation, and (3) effect of plasma perfusion or in-vivo like fluids on hepatocytes. In this presentation, we will review some of our most recent progress in these three areas. The following is a brief summary.

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Ranjan, Pratyush, Shubhanker Srivastava, Vidit Gupta, Shashikala Tapaswi, and Neetesh Kumar. "Decentralised and Distributed System for Organ/Tissue Donation and Transplantation." In 2019 IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technology (CICT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cict48419.2019.9066225.

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Maia, Fernanda Pimentel Arraes, Maria Clara Tomaz Feijão, Emanuel Cintra Austregésilo Bezerra, Ana Carolina Filgueiras Teles, and Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro. "MALE BREAST CANCER AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: A CASE REPORT." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1053.

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Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease representing only 1% of the total cases. This low incident rate could be due to the low amount of breast tissue and the hormonal differences between men and women. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) program reported that the incidence rate of breast cancer was 1.1 per 100,000 men in the mid-1970s and raised to 1.44 per 100,000 men by 2010. There are a lot of characteristics that are common to male and female breast carcinomas, especially given the fact that a lot of the factors that influence malignant changes are similar, but there are also some singularities. In this matter, it is important to understand the existence of risk factors for MBC, particularly the genetic abnormalities, such as BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 mutations. Therefore, a man with this type of predisposition is more likely to develop breast cancer, especially if submitted to an immunosuppressive therapy, normally used to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs. This study aimed to report a case of a patient with chronic alcoholism history, who later developed a liver tumor and breast cancer. This patient reported gynecomastia, which could be related to his health condition, given the fact that liver failure and cirrhosis probably started preventing the inactivation of the estrogens by the liver, causing and stimulating proliferation of the mammary tissue, and increasing the chance of gene mutations. We report a 56-year-old man with a history of smoking, chronic alcoholism, and gynecomastia with 10 years of evolution who was diagnosed with cirrhosis and liver tumor in 2014. He underwent two sessions of a chemoradiotherapy treatment, resulting in reduction of the tumor size as a result. In 2015, the patient had a liver transplant. To prevent organ rejection, it was established an immunosuppressive therapy with tacrolimus 10 mg/day and myfortic 720 mg/day. In 2016, the patient noticed a breast lump and searched for medical assistance. At the appointment, after physical examination, the presence of a 2-×2-cm lump in the right breast was confirmed. A few examinations were requested, such as ultrasonography, which showed a BIRADS4 as a result, chest tomography, and abdominal tomography. The examinations concluded that the lump had a high probability of malignancy. Then, to confirm the suspicion, it was proposed the performance of a fine-needle aspiration of the lump was followed by a core biopsy. The results showed an invasive breast carcinoma positive for estrogen receptors, negative for progesterone receptors, negative for HER-2 oncoprotein, and KI67 5%. Therefore, the molecular classification by immunohistochemistry is a LUMINAL A, which indicates the possibility of a better prognosis. A few days later, the patient was submitted for a radical mastectomy on the right breast. During the surgery, it was also performed a sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) scintigraphy and analysis of the material collected from the right breast. The conclusion expressed positive screening for malignant cells, two lymph nodes compromised by macrometastasis (large focus measuring 1.2 cm with capsular transposition associated) and positive screening for malignant cells suggestive of carcinoma. The tumor, according to a grading system, presented a Scarff-Bloom Richardson modified by Elston and Ellis grade III, with tubular grade 3, nuclear grade 3, and mitotic index 2. It was also identified as focal tumor necrosis, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion. The pathological staging of the tumor was pT2 pN1a (SN+) pMx.

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Petrović, Dragana. "TRANSPLANTACIJA ORGANA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.587p.

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Even the mere mention of "transplantation of human body parts" is reason enough to deal with this topic for who knows how many times. Quite simply, we need to discuss the topics discussed from time to time !? Let's get down to explaining some of the "hot" life issues that arise in connection with them. To, perhaps, determine ourselves in a different way according to the existing solutions ... to understand what a strong dynamic has gripped the world we live in, colored our attitudes with a different color, influenced our thoughts about life, its values, altruism, selflessness, charities. the desire to give up something special without thinking that we will get something in return. Transplantation of human organs and tissues for therapeutic purposes has been practiced since the middle of the last century. She started (of course, in a very primitive way) even in ancient India (even today one method of transplantation is called the "Indian method"), over the 16th century (1551). when the first free transplantation of a part of the nose was performed in Italy, in order to develop it into an irreplaceable medical procedure in order to save and prolong human life. Thousands of pages of professional literature, notes, polemical discussions, atypical medical articles, notes on the margins of read journals or books from philosophy, sociology, criminal literature ... about events of this kind, the representatives of the church also took their position. Understanding our view on this complex and very complicated issue requires that more attention be paid to certain solutions on the international scene, especially where there are certain permeations (some agreement but also differences). It's always good to hear a second opinion, because it puts you to think. That is why, in the considerations that follow, we have tried (somewhat more broadly) to answer some of the many and varied questions in which these touch, but often diverge, both from the point of view of the right regulations and from the point of view of medical and judicial practice. times from the perspective of some EU member states (Germany, Poland, presenting the position of the Catholic Church) on the one hand, and in the perspective of other moral, spiritual, cultural and other values - India and Iraq, on the other.

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7

Yoshimori, Takashi, Masaki Fukagawa, and Hiroshi Takamatsu. "Effect of Cell-to-Surface Interaction on Freeze Tolerance and Osmotic Response of Cells." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192404.

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Cryopreservation of tissues and organs, including artificial organs, could be one of the important steps in the medical service that brings the progress in the tissue engineering to realization. In this case, high viability of cryopreserved cells is critical to recovery after transplantation. In contrast, in the cryosurgery, which is expected to expand its application as a minimally invasive treatment of cancer, malignant cells should be destructed completely to prevent from recurrence. The appropriate freeze-thaw protocol is therefore needed to be established for cryopreservation or cryosurgery depending on specific type of tissues and organs. Although it is determined empirically, the underlying mechanism of cell injury by freezing has been explored for a long time to give a scientific basis of the process. The experiments with a cell suspension showed that the cell injury during slow freezing to a relatively higher sub-zero temperature was attributed to the mechanical stress from the extracellular ice, while the effect of elevated concentration of solutes became more crucial to cell damage at lower temperatures [1]. However, there are some studies that indicates the difference in the freeze tolerance between cell suspensions and attached monolayers, some of which indicated higher susceptibility of monolayers to freezing than cell suspension [2] and the other suggested reverse [3,4]. The goal of our study is thus to validate the difference in freezing injury between isolated cells and tissues that are more important in aforementioned applications and clarify the mechanism. We used cells adhered to a surface as a first simple model of cells in tissues. The cells adhered on a surface at low number density were used to highlight the effect of cell-to-surface interaction without cell-to-cell interactions. In the present study we first demonstrate that the survival of cells adhered on a surface is lower than those in the suspension after a freeze-thaw manipulation. Then the osmotic response to concentration increase was examined to clarify if the extent of dehydration is different between these two types of cells. The cells were observed by a laser confocal scanning microscope that allows real-time 3-D observation.

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Day, Steven W., James C. McDaniel, Phillip P. Lemire, and Houston G. Wood. "Measurements of Mean Velocity and Turbulent Statistics in a Centrifugal Blood Pump." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32517.

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An estimated 150,000 patients in the Western World require heart transplantation every year, while only 4,000 (2.5%) of them actually receive a donor heart [1]. This lack of available donors for heart transplantation has led to a large effort since the 1960s to develop an artificial mechanical heart as an alternative to heart transplant. Most end stage cardiac failures result from cardiac disease or tissue damage of the left ventricle. After this failure, the ventricle is not strong enough to deliver an adequate supply of oxygen to critical organs. A left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a mechanical pump that does not replace the native heart, but rather works in concert with it. An LVAD can effectively relieve some strain from a native heart, which has been weakened by disease or damage, and increase blood flow supplied to the body to maintain normal physiologic function. The inlet to the LVAD is attached to the native left ventricle, and the output of the assist pump rejoins the output of the native heart at the aorta, as shown in Figure 1. Blood flow from both the aortic valve and the assist pump combine and flow through the body. The clinical effectiveness of LVADs has been demonstrated; however, all of the currently available pumps have a limited life because of either the damage that they cause to blood or their limited mechanical design life.

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Moghbeli, K., M. Lipp, A. Craig, A. Bondonese, L. Fan, K. Chen, J. F. Mcdyer, and M. E. Snyder. "Secondary Lymphoid Organ Repopulation With Cytotoxic Tissue Resident Memory T Cells After Lung Transplantation." In American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a4421.

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Debbaut, Charlotte, David De Wilde, Christophe Casteleyn, Pieter Cornillie, Manuel Dierick, Luc Van Hoorebeke, Diethard Monbaliu, Ye-Dong Fan, and Patrick Segers. "Electrical Analog Models to Simulate the Impact of Partial Hepatectomy on Hepatic Hemodynamics." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14266.

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Due to the growing shortage of donor livers, more patients are waiting for liver transplantation. Efforts to expand the donor pool include the use of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and split liver transplantation. LDLT involves a healthy person undergoing a partial hepatectomy to donate a part of his liver to a patient with severe liver failure. Afterwards, the regenerative capacity of the organ allows the livers of both donor and recipient to regrow to normal liver masses. The procedure is not without risk as serious complications may occur (such as cholestasis, ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding and renal impairment). An inadequate liver mass compared to the body mass may result in the small-for-size syndrome (SFSS). In both donor and recipient, LDLT may lead to portal hypertension associated with the elevated intrahepatic resistance of a smaller liver, and an increased portal venous (PV) inflow per gram of liver tissue compared to the total liver before resection. Excessive hyperperfusion and shear stress may damage the sinusoidal endothelial cells and lead to graft dysfunction.

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Reports on the topic "Transplantation of organs, tissue"

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Wang, Li Fang, Yan Ting Cao, Tegeleqi Bu, Lin Fu, Jun Li Liu, and Jing Zhao. Do We Receive Cytomegalovirus Vaccination Before Solid Organ Transplant: a Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0143.

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Review question / Objective: We compared cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccination for solid organ transplantation recipients ( SOTs) with placebo treatment, to investigate the efficacy and safety for the prevention of CMV infection in SOTs. Condition being studied: Patients after solid organ transplantation subsequently become immunosuppressed, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen to this population. The prevalence of CMV infection can reach 50% in the general population, and further up to 64-72% in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTs). CMV seropositive donors (CMV D+) puts even more pressure of CMV infection for SOTs. Post-transplant CMV infection can lead to neutropenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, tissue/end-organ invasive CMV disease (gastroenteritis, pneumonia, hepatitis, encephalitis), other infectious diseases, graft dysfunction, and multiple organ failure. CMV can disturb immune cell function, thus is one of the major risk factors that increase mortality within 6 months after transplantation. However, practical, effective method to prevent postoperative CMV infection for SOTs remains unresolved. Vaccination of CMV is only at clinical trials stage. To date, there is a lack of guidelines or consensus for preventing CMV disease for SOTs. Given the increasing clinical trials of CMV vaccination, it is important to clarify the evidence-based benefits and risks of CMV vaccination for SOTs, and to provide the best CMV disease prevention measurements.

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2

Basu, Sayani. Organ Transplantation: A New Lease of Life. Science Repository, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/sr.blog.24.

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There is a growing debate over organ transplantation which is a successive therapeutic option for the treatment of end-stage organ diseases but the ethical issues associated with the shortage of transplantable organs must also be taken into account.

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3

Goodmonson, Courtney. Donation of organs for transplantation : an investigation of attitudes and behavior. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.454.

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Woelders, Henri. Gene banking and transplantation of (mammalian) ovarian tissue. Wageningen: Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN), Wageningen University & Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/514882.

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Villamaria, C. Y., T. E. Rasmussen, J. R. Spencer, S. Patel, and M. R. Davis. Characterization and Optimization of Auto-Transplantation and Allo-transplantation of Free Composite Tissue for Reconstruction of Battlefield Injuries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada592171.

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Jin, Dachuan, Zhongfeng Cui, Tao Zhou, Baoqiang Guo, Shunqin Jin, Guangming Li, and Chunming Zhang. Comparison of therapeutic effects of various stem cell types, sources, and routes of administration on chronic decompensated cirrhosis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0050.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of various stem cell types, sources and routes of administration on chronic decompensated cirrhosis by using network meta-analysis. Condition being studied: Liver cirrhosis is an important public health problem that puzzles the world. It is divided into compensatory stage and decompensated stage. Once the patient enters decompensated stage, the treatment is very limited, and liver transplantation is currently the best and only approach to improve the survival rate of decompensated cirrhosis4. However, liver transplantation is difficult to be widely applied due to the lack of donor organs and high cost. Therefore, it is very important to study the alternative treatment of liver transplantation. Stem cell therapy as a promising frontier treatment for decompensated cirrhosis, is becoming one of the best feasible alternatives to liver transplantation in recent 20 years. It is very important and necessary to optimize the factors such as cell sources, types, and delivery route, etc. before taking stem cell therapy as a routine clinical treatment. It is believed that the network meta-analysis of the efficacy of various types of stem cells from different sources and routes of administration in the treatment of chronic decompensated cirrhosis can provide useful very clues for clinical practice.

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7

Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.

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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.

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Levy, Avraham A., and Virginia Walbot. Regulation of Transposable Element Activities during Plant Development. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7568091.bard.

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We have studied the regulation of the maize Ac and MuDR transposable elements activities during plant development. Ac was studied in an heterologous system (transgenic tobacco plants and cell suspensions) while MuDR was studied in the native maize background. The focus of this study was on the transcriptional regulation of Ac and MuDR. For Ac, the major achievements were to show that 1-It is autoregulated in a way that the Ac-encoded transposase can repress the activity of its own promoter; 2-It is expressed at low basal level in all the plant organs that were studied, and its activity is stronger in dividing tissues -- a behaviour reminiscent of housekeeping genes; 3- the activity of Ac promoter is cell cycle regulated -- induced at early S-phase and increasing until mitosis; 4- host factor binding sites were identified at both extremities of Ac and may be important for transposition. For MuDR, It was shown that it encodes two genes, mudrA and mudrB, convergently transcribed from near-identical promoters in the terminal inverted repeats. Distinct 5' start sites, alternative splicing, production of antisense RNA and tissue specificity were all shown to be involved in the regulation of MuDR.

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Meir, Shimon, Michael S. Reid, Cai-Zhong Jiang, Amnon Lers, and Sonia Philosoph-Hadas. Molecular Studies of Postharvest Leaf and Flower Senescence. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592657.bard.

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Original objectives: To understand the regulation of abscission by exploring the nature of changes of auxin-related gene expression in tomato (Lycopersicon esculatumMill) abscission zones (AZs) following organ removal, and by analyzing the function of these genes. Our specific goals were: 1) To complete the microarray analyses in tomato flower and leaf AZs, for identifying genes whose expression changes early in response to auxin depletion; 2) To examine, using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), the effect of silencing target genes on ethylene sensitivity and abscission competence of the leaf and flower AZs; 3) To isolate and characterize promoters from AZ-specific genes to be used in functional analysis; 4) To generate stable transgenic tomato plants with selected genes silenced with RNAi, under the control of an AZ-specific promoter, for further characterization of their abscission phenotypes. Background: Abscission, the separation of organs from the parent plant, results in postharvest quality loss in many ornamentals and other fresh produce. The process is initiated by changes in the auxin gradient across the AZ, and is triggered by ethylene. Although changes in gene expression have been correlated with the ethylene-mediated execution of abscission, there is almost no information on the initiation of the abscission process, as the AZ becomes sensitized to ethylene. The present project was focused on elucidating these early molecular regulatory events, in order to gain a better control of the abscission process for agricultural manipulations. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Microarray analyses, using the Affymetrix Tomato GeneChip®, revealed changes in expression, occurring early in abscission, of many genes with possible regulatory functions. These included a range of auxin- and ethylene-related transcription factors (TFs), other TFs that are transiently induced just after flower removal, and a set of novel AZ-specific genes. We also identified four different defense-related genes, including: Cysteine-type endopeptidase, α- DOX1, WIN2, and SDF2, that are newly-associated with the late stage of the abscission process. This supports the activation of different defense responses and strategies at the late abscission stages, which may enable efficient protection of the exposed tissue toward different environmental stresses. To facilitate functional studies we implemented an efficient VIGS system in tomato, and isolated two abscission-specific promoters (pTAPG1 and pTAPG4) for gene silencing in stable transformation. Using the VIGS system we could demonstrate the importance of TAPGs in abscission of tomato leaf petioles, and evaluated the importance of more than 45 genes in abscission. Among them we identified few critical genes involved in leaf and flower abscission. These included: PTRP-F1, PRP, TKN4, KNOTTED-like homeobox TF, KD1, and KNOX-like homeodomain protein genes, the silencing of which caused a striking retardation of pedicel abscission, and ERF1, ERF4, Clavata-like3 protein, Sucrose transporter protein, and IAA10 genes, the silencing of which delayed petiole abscission. The importance of PRPand KD1 genes in abscission was confirmed also by antisense–silencing using pTAPG4. Experiments testing the effects of RNAi silencing of few other genes are still in progress, The analysis of the microarray results of flower and leaf AZs allowed us to establish a clear sequence of events occurring during acquisition of tissue sensitivity to ethylene, and to confirm our hypothesis that acquisition of ethylene sensitivity in the AZ is associated with altered expression of auxin-regulated genes in both AZs. Implication, both scientific and agricultural: Our studies had provided new insights into the regulation of the abscission process, and shaded light on the molecular mechanisms that drive the acquisition of abscission competence in the AZ. We pointed out some critical genes involved in regulation of abscission, and further expanded our knowledge of auxin-ethylene cross talk during the abscission process. This permits the development of novel techniques for manipulating abscission, and thereby improving the postharvest performance of ornamentals and other crops.

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Eshed-Williams, Leor, and Daniel Zilberman. Genetic and cellular networks regulating cell fate at the shoot apical meristem. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699862.bard.

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The shoot apical meristem establishes plant architecture by continuously producing new lateral organs such as leaves, axillary meristems and flowers throughout the plant life cycle. This unique capacity is achieved by a group of self-renewing pluripotent stem cells that give rise to founder cells, which can differentiate into multiple cell and tissue types in response to environmental and developmental cues. Cell fate specification at the shoot apical meristem is programmed primarily by transcription factors acting in a complex gene regulatory network. In this project we proposed to provide significant understanding of meristem maintenance and cell fate specification by studying four transcription factors acting at the meristem. Our original aim was to identify the direct target genes of WUS, STM, KNAT6 and CNA transcription factor in a genome wide scale and the manner by which they regulate their targets. Our goal was to integrate this data into a regulatory model of cell fate specification in the SAM and to identify key genes within the model for further study. We have generated transgenic plants carrying the four TF with two different tags and preformed chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to identify the TF direct target genes. Due to unforeseen obstacles we have been delayed in achieving this aim but hope to accomplish it soon. Using the GR inducible system, genetic approach and transcriptome analysis [mRNA-seq] we provided a new look at meristem activity and its regulation of morphogenesis and phyllotaxy and propose a coherent framework for the role of many factors acting in meristem development and maintenance. We provided evidence for 3 different mechanisms for the regulation of WUS expression, DNA methylation, a second receptor pathway - the ERECTA receptor and the CNA TF that negatively regulates WUS expression in its own domain, the Organizing Center. We found that once the WUS expression level surpasses a certain threshold it alters cell identity at the periphery of the inflorescence meristem from floral meristem to carpel fate [FM]. When WUS expression highly elevated in the FM, the meristem turn into indeterminate. We showed that WUS activate cytokinine, inhibit auxin response and represses the genes required for root identity fate and that gradual increase in WUCHEL activity leads to gradual meristem enlargement that affect phyllotaxis. We also propose a model in which the direction of WUS domain expansion laterally or upward affects meristem structure differently. We preformed mRNA-seq on meristems with different size and structure followed by k-means clustering and identified groups of genes that are expressed in specific domains at the meristem. We will integrate this data with the ChIP-seq of the 4 TF to add another layer to the genetic network regulating meristem activity.

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