Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transparency in government – Canada

Academic literature on the topic 'Transparency in government – Canada'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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Makar, Vitaliy. "Canada – from its establishment until the modern day." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 35-36 (December 20, 2017): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2017.35-36.14-23.

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This year Canada celebrated the 150thanniversary of its official establishment, when the Act of British North America came into force. However, the Dominion was established, the British Parliament retained the ability of limited control over Canada until 1982. The Autonomy was granted by the Canadian Act of 1982, which freed Canada from the remaining dependence of the British Parliament forever. Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarchy as a formof the government. Noteworthy, the power of the monarch is purely nominal, and is represented by the Governor-General. On the surface, if compared with other countries, Canada appears to be quite recently formed state. In reality, Canada has made significant progress in its development. Importantly, Canada is a member of the G-7. Leading countries and international organizations value the opinion and authority of the Maple Leaf Country. It is one of the most ethnically and culturally varied countries in the world, since it has always depended on immigration, which is governed by federal and provincial governments. Canada has one of the highest indicators of transparency of the government, civil liberties, economic freedom, quality of life and education in the world. The article examines the stages of Canada’s establishment, political structure, economic development and potential opportunities. The author also focuses on the importance of Canadian-Ukrainian relations and collaboration. Currently, Canada is a special partner and pays considerable attention to all events that take place in Ukraine. Keywords: Canada, provinces, territories, political structure,parliament, economy, Canadian-Ukrainian relations
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Jacob, Aerin L., Jonathan W. Moore, Caroline H. Fox, Emily J. Sunter, Danielle Gauthier, Alana R. Westwood, and Adam T. Ford. "Cross-sectoral input for the potential role of science in Canada’s environmental assessment." FACETS 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 512–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0104.

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Since being elected in 2015, Canada’s federal Liberal government has taken steps to overhaul major environment-related laws and policies, including federal environmental assessment (EA) and regulatory processes. During 2016–2017, a government-appointed panel toured Canada and received >1000 suggestions from diverse sectors of society regarding EA reform. Yet, different sectors of society may have different views concerning scientific components of EA. We analyzed written submissions during public consultation (categorized into five sectors) regarding five key scientific components of EA: (1) openly sharing information, (2) evaluating cumulative effects, (3) scientific rigour, (4) transparency in decision-making, and (5) independence between regulators and proponents. On the whole, submissions from Indigenous groups, non-governmental organizations, and individuals/academics supported strengthening all five components. In contrast, most contributions from industry/industry associations, and, to a lesser extent, government bodies or agencies, suggested that there was no need for increased scientific rigour or increased independence. These findings indicate that there is cross-sectoral support for strengthening some scientific aspects of EA. However, the degree to which the Government of Canada strengthens the scientific rigour and independence of EA will indicate whether environmental decision-making in Canada is aligned with preferences from industry or the rest of Canada.
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al Attar, Mohsen, and Miriam Clouthier. "Sharing Power: The Case for Public Consultations on Trade." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 30, no. 03 (October 20, 2015): 465–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2015.29.

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Abstract Since the 1960s, public consultation has emerged as an important democratic tool, allowing governments to inform, debate, and learn from the general public. Since the 1980s, international trade agreements have wielded significant influence over domestic law making, as an ever more ‘comprehensive’ set of topics is regulated via treaty. In Canada, these two trends have yet to meet. Neither the public nor Parliament is involved in trade policy making, raising concerns about the democratic legitimacy of expansive trade agreements. Through the lens of the recent Canada and European Union (EU) Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), this article examines whether trade law’s consultation practices can be aligned with those of other federal government departments. We identify five key values that make consultations successful—diversity, education, commitment, accountability, and transparency—and consider the viability of their inclusion in trade consultations.
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Redden, Joanna. "Democratic governance in an age of datafication: Lessons from mapping government discourses and practices." Big Data & Society 5, no. 2 (July 2018): 205395171880914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951718809145.

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There is an abundance of enthusiasm and optimism about how governments at all levels can make use of big data, algorithms and artificial intelligence. There is also growing concern about the risks that come with these new systems. This article makes the case for greater government transparency and accountability about uses of big data through a Government of Canada qualitative research case study. Adapting a method from critical cartographers, I employ counter-mapping to map government big data practices and internal discussions of risk and challenge. I do so by drawing on interviews and freedom of information requests. The analysis reveals that there are more concerns and risks than often publicly discussed and that there are significant areas of silence that need greater attention. The article underlines the need for our democratic systems to respond to our new datafied contexts by ensuring that our institutions make changes to better protect citizen rights, uphold democratic principles and ensure means for citizen intervention.
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Euler, Dimitrij. "Transparency Rules and the Mauritius Convention: A Favourable Haircut of the State’s Sovereignty in Investment Arbitration?" ASA Bulletin 34, Issue 2 (June 1, 2016): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/asab2016030.

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This paper investigates whether the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Transparency Rules on treaty-based investor-state arbitration (Transparency Rules) increases transparency in investment arbitration fairly for all the participants. The hypothesis is that the Transparency Rules and the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration (Mauritius Convention), work together as a mechanism that is more favourable for the host states than for the investor, and thereby anticipate the different roles of all participants in treaty-based arbitration. Transparency brings pressure for a level playing field among disputing parties. In Detroit International Bridge Company v Government of Canada, UNCITRAL, PCA Case 2012-25, the tribunal accepted the prevalence of the in camera obligation in the procedural rules upon a general treaty obligation, and against the state’s arguments. In Philip Morris Asia Limited v The Commonwealth of Australia, UNCITRAL, PCA Case 2012-12, the tribunal accepted Australia’s need to disclose certain information under their national laws, but to exclude confidential business information as determined by the arbitral tribunal. Other decisions exist in which tribunals decide similarly. This paper explores the actual principle of equality as applied by arbitral tribunals. Thereafter, it considers the legal nature of transparency under the Transparency Rules, standing alone and in combination with the Mauritius Convention. It concludes by determining how this discretion affects the level playing field of all the participants.
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Cloutier, Rosa Galvez, and Michelle Sanchez. "Trophic Status Evaluation for 154 Lakes in Quebec, Canada: Monitoring and Recommendations." Water Quality Research Journal 42, no. 4 (November 1, 2007): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2007.028.

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Abstract Based on chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, transparency (Secchi disk), and total nitrogen, 154 lakes located in southern regions of the Quebec province were classified according to their trophic status. Various classification methods were presented and discussed. The evaluation of existing relationships among quality parameters were established, and suggestions for priority actions and restoration initiatives were given. The ‘Reseau de surveillance de lacs’ of the Ministère de développement durable, environnement et parcs is considered as a very successful program that should be increasingly supported by the government. The program meets sustainable development principles in watershed management. The results showed that although the majority of lakes surveyed were within optimal conditions (oligotrophic status), 22 lakes required closer surveillance and more effective nutrient control measures.
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Walby, Kevin, and Alex Luscombe. "Ethics review and freedom of information requests in qualitative research." Research Ethics 14, no. 4 (January 1, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747016117750208.

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Freedom of information (FOI) requests are increasingly used in sociology, criminology and other social science disciplines to examine government practices and processes. University ethical review boards (ERBs) in Canada have not typically subjected researchers’ FOI requests to independent review, although this may be changing in the United Kingdom and Australia, reflective of what Haggerty calls ‘ethics creep’. Here we present four arguments for why FOI requests in the social sciences should not be subject to formal ethical review by ERBs. These four arguments are: existing, rigorous bureaucratic vetting; double jeopardy; infringement of citizenship rights; and unsuitable ethics paradigm. In the discussion, we reflect on the implications of our analysis for literature on ethical review and qualitative research, and for literature on FOI and government transparency.
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Campagnolo, Yan. "The History, Law and Practice of Cabinet Immunity in Canada." Revue générale de droit 47, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 239–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042926ar.

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Canada has the dubious honour of being the sole Westminster jurisdiction to have enacted a near-absolute immunity for Cabinet confidences. Through the adoption of sections 39 of the Canada Evidence Act and 69 of the Access to Information Act in 1982, the federal Parliament has deprived the courts of the power to inspect Cabinet confidences and order their disclosure when the public interest demands it. Why has Parliament enacted these draconian statutory provisions? How have these provisions been interpreted and applied since they have been proclaimed into force? This article seeks to answer these questions based on a detailed examination of the relevant historical records, parliamentary debates, case law and government reports. The first section seeks to demonstrate that the political decision to provide a near-absolute immunity for Cabinet confidences was made at the highest level of the State, by Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau, based on the debatable justification that the courts could not be trusted to properly adjudicate Cabinet immunity claims. The second section seeks to establish that the government has taken advantage of the inherent vagueness of sections 39 and 69 to give an overbroad interpretation to the term “Cabinet confidences.” In addition, by modifying the Cabinet Paper System, the government has significantly narrowed the scope of an important exception to Cabinet immunity, that is, the “discussion paper exception,” which was initially intended to provide some level of transparency to the Cabinet decision-making process. These problems are compounded by the fact that only a weak form of judicial review is available against Cabinet immunity claims which, in practice, makes it tremendously difficult to challenge such claims.
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Vasseur, Liette, Mary J. Thornbush, and Steve Plante. "Engaging Communities in Adaptation to Climate Change by Understanding the Dimensions of Social Capital in Atlantic Canada." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 5250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095250.

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This paper examines the role of social capital and its influence on the capacity of coastal communities in Atlantic Canada to respond and adapt to climate change, especially when dealing with extreme weather events. Three elements of social capital—social trust, institutional trust, and social networks—were considered. They were analyzed based on four questions targeting social capital during semi-structured interviews on climate change adaptation in 10 rural coastal communities located in three Canadian provinces (Quebec, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island). Results showed that these communities exhibited strong social capital, mainly because of a high level of social trust. People were ambivalent in the way they connected to institutions, especially with governments. They often felt isolated and left to themselves to deal with climate change adaptation decisions. The research conveys the difficulties and challenges of multilevel governance, where coastal communities generally ensure trust within the community first before trusting higher levels of government. Initiatives to improve public engagement and participation in decision making should be supported for further adaptation, although they would require greater accountability and transparency.
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Savoia, Elena, Nigel Walsh Harriman, Rachael Piltch-Loeb, Marco Bonetti, Veronica Toffolutti, and Marcia A. Testa. "Exploring the Association between Misinformation Endorsement, Opinions on the Government Response, Risk Perception, and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the US, Canada, and Italy." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (April 23, 2022): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050671.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the adverse consequences created by an infodemic, specifically bringing attention to compliance with public health guidance and vaccine uptake. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a complex construct that is related to health beliefs, misinformation exposure, and perceptions of governmental institutions. This study draws on theoretical models and current data on the COVID-19 infodemic to explore the association between the perceived risk of COVID-19, level of misinformation endorsement, and opinions about the government response on vaccine uptake. We surveyed a sample of 2697 respondents from the US, Canada, and Italy using a mobile platform between 21–28 May 2021. Using multivariate regression, we found that country of residence, risk perception of contracting and spreading COVID-19, perception of government response and transparency, and misinformation endorsement were associated with the odds of vaccine hesitancy. Higher perceived risk was associated with lower odds of hesitancy, while lower perceptions of government response and higher misinformation endorsement were associated with higher hesitancy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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Ghergari, Kori. "Investigating Transparency in Government of Canada Citizen-focused Communications." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22678.

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Government of Canada communications professionals work in an increasingly challenging environment, characterized by an intrusive 24/7 media cycle, a frenetic pace of evolving communication technologies, layered accountability requirements, political tension, and waning public trust. Scholars call on professional communicators to help rebuild public trust, which is intrinsic to a healthy democratic government. The Three-dimensional Model for Transparency in Government Communication developed by Fairbanks, Plowman and Rawlins (2007) serves as the theoretical framework for investigating the Government of Canada’s approach to transparent citizen-focused communications from the perspective of communications professionals. The model’s adaptability to the Government of Canada context is tested through 23 qualitative semi-structured interviews with Government of Canada senior communications advisors, managers and executives. The data is analysed using constant comparative thematic analysis. The findings demonstrate that Government of Canada communicators strongly value transparency. Furthermore, the key components of the transparency model – communications practices, organizational support and provision of resources – encapsulate the factors that influence the practice of transparent citizen-focused communications by the Government of Canada. The study concludes by offering recommendations for future research and practical applications.
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Oswald, Jennalane. "Transparency and city government communications /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3362.pdf.

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Oswald, Jennalande. "Transparency and City Government Communications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2005.

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This study expresses the need for a communications model created specifically for government communications that is centered on the concept of transparency. However, it also recognizes the previous research done pertaining to government communications and public relations. Importantly, the study recognizes the lack of trust in American government at city, state and federal levels and the need to improve trust, which is very closely related to transparency. The study focuses primarily on a model created in 2007 called the three-dimensional model for government communications. The model has four parts: the base of the model is the need to value transparency; the other three parts are communication practices, provision of resources, and organizational support. This study seeks to test and quantify the three-dimensional model through the creation of a survey based on the four parts of the three-dimensional model. The study seeks to determine if by following the guidelines established in the three-dimensional model a city will be more transparent. The findings come from the point of view of city communicators. Over two hundred city communicators from the largest cities in America participated in the study. The findings show that following the tenets of the three-dimensional model does in fact lead to greater transparency. Although the study only surveyed government communicators at the city level, the findings are important to government communicators at all levels of government. The study illustrates the importance of creating a communications plan that is based on transparency and the three-dimensional model. It also illustrates that the frustrations found at the federal level are similar to those faced at the city level. The study also sheds light on the need for future research pertaining to government communications.
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Fairbanks, Jenille. "Transparency in the Government Communication Process: The Perspective of Government Communicators." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1139.pdf.

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Woodruff, Abigail K. "The Unintended Consequences of Increased Transparency in American National Government." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/84.

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In the past century, there has been an increasing trend in American government toward opening government procedures to the general public. The intention of these reforms was to improve government accountability and responsiveness, increase public education and involvement in government, and prevent corruption and undue influence by special interests. Conventional wisdom about open government, however, does not take into consideration many of the repercussions of opening up congressional proceedings to the glare of public scrutiny. Reforms in the 1970’s opened the deliberative process and made members of Congress more vulnerable to constituent and interest group pressure. These effects have had many negative impacts, in both the House Appropriations Committee and the Ways and Means Committees, for deliberative democracy and responsible budgeting.
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Ruijer, H. J. M. (Erna). "Proactive Transparency and Government Communication in the USA and the Netherlands." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3233.

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Proactive government transparency has recently entered the spotlight. Examples of information made public at the initiative of the public body, without the need for filing a request, are: www.data.gov and www.recovery.gov. Transparency is an intrinsic value of democratic societies. In much of the literature an automatic link is assumed between transparency and increased accountability or trust. However, this link may not be as straightforward. Whether and how information is used to further public objectives also depends on the way information is incorporated into the complex communication chain of comprehension, action and response. Therefore, in this dissertation a communication approach was taken. The role of federal government communicators within the government transparency realm was studied in the USA and the Netherlands. More specifically, it was examined how the institutional (macro) and organizational (meso) embedding influences the way communicators value and implement proactive transparency (micro). A mixed method comparative case study consisting of process tracing, a web-based survey and semi-structured in-depth interviews showed that the institutional embedding in the USA can be characterized as a more rules-based approach while a principles-based approach prevails in the Netherlands. This study also showed that communicators working in an organization that supports proactive transparency provide more substantial information, use less spin and are more inclined to solicit feedback and participation from stakeholders. Finally, in both countries the majority of communicators valued proactive transparency highly and most communicators were actively involved in implementing proactive transparency. Communicators contributed to making information more findable, relevant and understandable for its users. At the same time some communicators indicated to sometimes leave out important details, give only part of the story or specifically highlight the positive elements in the information. Hence, communicators can play a role in both enhancing and constraining transparency. This study enhanced our understanding of proactive transparency and the value of communication. The project resulted in a conceptual framework for explaining similarities and differences in proactive transparency policy regimes from the perspective of the government communicator.
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Mahmood, Mohamed. "Does digital transformation of government lead to enhanced citizens' trust and confidence in government?" Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15391.

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Over the years, citizens' trust and confidence in their governments has continued to decline and digital government is expected to reverse this trend. An enormous amount of money has been spent, worldwide, on electronic government initiatives that are focused on improving performance, reducing costs and enhancing citizens' trust and confidence in their governments. Yet, of the many initiatives that have been implemented, very few have achieved real transformation of government (i.e. fundamental changes to the way core functions of government are performed to achieve noticeable gains in performance and efficiency). As such, there is a need to understand how transformation of government as a construct affects citizens' trust and confidence in government in the presence of factors such as, government performance and citizen satisfaction. This research empirically investigates the influence of digital transformation of government on citizens' trust and confidence in the context of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Bahrain is a top ranking country in terms of use of ICT in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. A conceptual model was developed and validated using an online survey targeting randomly citizens of the Kingdom of Bahrain. Based on 313 responses, the findings of this research suggest that citizens' trust and confidence in their government is positively influenced by transformation of government, mediated by government performance and citizens' satisfaction. The study found that e-government and technology are not enough for achieving a real transformation of government, and therefore, in tackling the decline in citizens' trust and confidence in government. Other factors were found to be important in this equation, including transparency and accountability of government functions and activities in meeting citizens' expectations. The research offers multiple policy implications and theoretical contributions, in addition to helping understand how digital transformation of government can enhance citizens' trust and confidence in government, improve government-to-citizen relationship, and increase the adoption of digital services offered by governments. From a policy perspective, this research offers a validated conceptual model that can be used as a frame of reference when planning ICT-enabled transformation projects in government. From a theoretical context, this study is the first to investigate the relationship between transformation of government and citizens' trust and confidence in government.
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Clark, Bruce Allan. "The right of Indian self-government in Canada." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332345.

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While it might be desirable to amend the constitution of Canada to acknowledge the distinctiveness of Indian society as an aid to construction of instruments, it is unnecessary to amend the constitution in order to add a substantive right of Indian self-government. That right is already entrenched as an existing aboriginal right within the meaning of section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982. The right was constituted by prerogative legislation in the eighteenth century, and has since been reiterated in the statutes of the imperial government which also established the corresponding constitutional powers of the federal and provincial governments. As originally constituted and since perpetuated the right has meant that federal and provincial governments may not legally encroach upon the Indians' jurisdiction to govern their own civil affairs. But neither are the federal and provincial governments under any express or necessarily implied constitutional obligation financially to support Indian governments. Furthermore the Indian right is plenary, in that it applies to civil affairs generally, rather than to a delegated set of enumerated powers. Although the basis for the right was not the common law, the only basis consistent with current federal policy is as if it were common law. That policy presumes that if ever the Indian right had existed it has been superseded historically by actions of federal and provincial governments inconsistent with it. However, the thesis here suggests that since the imperial legislation which actually constituted the right and subsequently reiterated it has never been repealed, such supersession is a legal impossibility. Because it is basic to federal policy the supersession idea nevertheless dominates the current approach to law reform and the negotiation process, which proceeds upon the assumption that the municipal form of self-government on offer, with its delegated enumerated powers to carry out local works, is at least something where nothing exists at the present time. The Indian need to secure financial support renders insisting upon the application of existing law seem politically counterproductive, although it need not be so.
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Bishop, Cheryl. "The internationalization of secrecy : a look at transparency within the World Trade Organizations /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422913.

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Centeno, García Gerardo. "Fraud in Mexico's Government Procurement Sector." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39101.

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This thesis analyzes the problem of corruption in the Mexican government procurement system, aiming to provide a mix of legal and policy solutions to combat and prevent it. Comparing the policies and laws that make up the regulatory framework of public procurement in Canada and Mexico, this study seeks to extract the best practices that can improve the Mexican system. This text illuminates how the weaknesses within Mexico’s procurement system has provoked the current exploitation of alternative procurement methods (known as “adjudicación directa” and “invitación a cuando menos tres personas”) to embezzle public resources through fictitious contract awards. Although we have seen a tendency towards including requirements for “transparency” and “accountability” into Mexican procurement law, this on its own is insufficient to combat corruption. Consequently, I argue that procurement units have to enhance these transparency policies by disclosing the rationale behind every procurement and contract award prior to the disbursement of the resources; having competition as the maximum principle to fulfill while doing so. This will allow auditing bodies (and Mexican citizens) to scrutinize the rationale behind these disbursements. The Public Function Secretary could oversee this process to validate the legality and the social benefit justifications claimed by the procurement units prior to utilizing alternative procurement methods.
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Books on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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1965-, Bezan James, ed. "Product of Canada" claims: Truth and transparency are necessary : report of the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Agri-Food. [Ottawa]: Standing Committee on Agriculture and Agri-Food, 2008.

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Erkkilä, Tero. Government Transparency. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547.

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Kopits, George. Transparency in government operations. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 1998.

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Kopits, George, and J. Craig. Transparency in Government Operations. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781557756978.084.

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Beblavý, Miroslav. Transparency of public finances. Bratislava: Centre for Economic Development, Transparency International Slovakia, 2001.

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Tian, He, and Yanbin Lv, eds. Assessing Government Transparency in China 2019. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2810-8.

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Tian, He, and Yanbin Lv, eds. Assessing Government Transparency in China (2020). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2031-8.

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Tian, He, and Yanbin Lv, eds. Assessing Government Transparency in China(2018). Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0251-1.

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Kiselycznyk, Michael. Assessing Chinese military transparency. Washington, D.C: National Defense University Press, 2010.

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Kiselycznyk, Michael. Assessing Chinese military transparency. Washington, D.C: National Defense University Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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Erkkilä, Tero. "Paradoxes and Unintended Consequences of Transparency." In Government Transparency, 3–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_1.

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Erkkilä, Tero. "Transparency and Ideational Changes: Nordic Openness as a Policy Discourse." In Government Transparency, 45–104. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_2.

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Erkkilä, Tero. "Transparency and Institutions of Public Accountability." In Government Transparency, 105–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_3.

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Erkkilä, Tero. "NPM, Budget Transparency and Census Information." In Government Transparency, 129–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_4.

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Erkkilä, Tero. "New Domains of Openness and Transparency: Performing Foreign Affairs." In Government Transparency, 172–219. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_5.

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Erkkilä, Tero. "Conclusions." In Government Transparency, 220–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137035547_6.

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Hartley, Cathy. "Canada." In The International Directory of Government 2021, 109–15. 18th ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003179931-32.

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Woldendorp, Jaap, Hans Keman, and Ian Budge. "Canada." In Party Government in 48 Democracies (1945–1998), 155–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2547-7_10.

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Schumann, William R. "The Transparency of Democracy." In Toward an Anthropology of Government, 103–21. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230100534_5.

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Mulgan, Richard. "Challenges of Transparency and Accountability." In Making Open Government Work, 1–19. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-46872-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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Scholl, Hans J. (Jochen), and Luis F. Luna-Reyes. "Transparency and openness in government." In the 5th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2072069.2072088.

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Benjamin, Clayton. "Government transparency in the U.S?" In SIGDOC '15: The 33rd ACM International Conference on the Design of Communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2775441.2775487.

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Afandi, Muslim, and Syed Agung Afandi. "E-Government and Budget Transparency of Indragiri Hulu Government." In International Conference on Contemporary Social and Political Affairs. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008816900750079.

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Corrêa, Andreiwid Sheffer, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti Corrêa, and Flávio Soares Corrêa da Silva. "Transparency portals versus open government data." In the 15th Annual International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2612733.2612760.

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Reddick, C. G., A. T. Chatfield, and G. Puron-Cid. "Online Budget Transparency Innovation in Government." In dg.o '17: 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085271.

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Marpaung, Zailani Surya, and Anang Dwi Santoso. "YouTube Adoption: Promoting Local Government Transparency?" In Annual Conference of Indonesian Association for Public Administration (IAPA 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200301.001.

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Fan, Yujian, Zengtian Zhang, and Qingchun Yue. "E-Government, Transparency and Anti-corruption." In 2009 International Conference on Management of e-Commerce and e-Government. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmecg.2009.39.

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Tavares, Antonio F., and Nuno Ferreira da Cruz. "The determinants of local government transparency." In ICEGOV2014: 8th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2691195.2691291.

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Barcellos, Raissa, José Viterbo, Leandro Miranda, Flávia Bernardini, Cristiano Maciel, and Daniela Trevisan. "Transparency in practice." In dg.o '17: 18th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3085228.3085294.

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Hong, Sounman. "Electoral Competition, Transparency, and Open Government Data." In dg.o '20: The 21st Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3396956.3398254.

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Reports on the topic "Transparency in government – Canada"

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Alessandro, Martin, Bruno Cardinale Lagomarsino, Carlos Scartascini, and Jerónimo Torrealday. Transparency and Trust in Government: Evidence from a Survey Experiment. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001569.

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De Michele, Roberto, and Gastón Pierri. Transparency and Digital Government: The Impact of COMPR.AR in Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002335.

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Khan, Mahreen. Evaluating External Government Audit. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.140.

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This rapid literature review of primary and grey sources found substantial evidence of the merits of donor support to Public Financial Management (PFM) initiatives but no specific evidence assessing donor support for external government audit, such as Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs). PFM reforms are established as being generally beneficial, assist in reducing or preventing corruption, increasing transparency and accountability, as well as improving service delivery quality, although the exact impacts are difficult to measure. Performance auditing has recently attracted more attention than traditional financial or compliance auditing and is seen by many sources to be conducive to improving accountability, although compliance and financial auditing are still viewed as the core of external audit. There is a substantial body of literature on donor-assisted PFM reforms but a paucity of focused study or discussion of donor support to external audit specifically. This evidence gap may be due to the cost of examining the narrow focus required on donor-assisted external audit specifically. This is compounded by the complexity of gathering a sufficiently large database through surveys combined with the lack of access (for individual academics) to official datasets across countries. Furthermore, measuring the impact of SAIs, for example, is difficult due to the variety of regulatory structures that exist, inhibiting comparative cross-country studies, which has resulted in a preference for in-depth analyses. Only multilateral institutions have conducted comprehensive cross-country surveys. However, the evidence does show that strengthened PFM systems and SAIs,1 if they are independent and fully resourced, increase transparency and accountability, helping to combat corruption, when governments are made answerable to their audit findings. The evidence on the effectiveness of SAIs (against corruption) is mixed and not as strong as for PFM reforms in general. The impact of PFM interventions in preventing or reducing corruption increases when reforms are sector-specific and complemented by societal awareness initiatives, citizen participation, and infomediary advocacy. This finding seems applicable to SAIs as the discourse is increasingly on improving comprehension of audit reports and wider dissemination to relevant stakeholders.
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Hackett, J., and R. Olson. Dissemination of open geospatial data under the Open Government Licence-Canada through OCAP principles. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/314977.

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van den Boogaard, Vanessa, Wilson Prichard, Rachel Beach, and Fariya Mohiuddin. Strengthening Tax-Accountability Links: Fiscal Transparency and Taxpayer Engagement in Ghana and Sierra Leone. Institute of Development Studies, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.002.

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There is increasingly strong evidence that taxation can contribute to expanded government responsiveness and accountability. However, such positive connections are not guaranteed. Rather, they are shaped by the political and economic context and specific policies adopted by governments and civil society actors. Without an environment that enables tax bargaining, there is a risk that taxation will amount to little more than forceful extraction. We consider how such enabling environments may be fostered through two mixed methods case studies of tax transparency and taxpayer engagement in Sierra Leone and Ghana. We highlight two key sets of findings. First, tax transparency is only meaningful if it is accessible and easily understood by taxpayers and relates to their everyday experiences and priorities. In particular, we find that taxpayers do not just want basic information about tax obligations or aggregate revenue collected, but information about how much revenue should have been collected and how revenues were spent. At the same time, taxpayers do not want information to be shared with them through a one-way form of communication, but rather want to have spaces for dialogue and interaction with tax and government officials, including through public meetings and radio call-in programmes. Second, strategies to encourage taxpayer engagement are more likely to be effective where forums for engagement are perceived by taxpayers to be safe, secure, and sincere means through which to engage with government officials. This has been most successful where governments have visibly demonstrated responsiveness to citizen concerns, even on a small scale, while partnering with civil society to foster trust, dialogue and expanded knowledge. These findings have significant implications for how governments design taxpayer education and engagement programmes and how civil society actors and development partners can support more equitable and accountable tax systems. Our findings provide concrete lessons for how governments can ensure that information shared with taxpayers is meaningful and accessible. Moreover, we show that civil society actors can play important roles as translators of tax information, enablers of public forums and dialogues around tax issues, and trainers of taxpayers, supporting greater tax literacy and sustained citizen engagement.
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Rothberg, Danilo, and Fabíola de Paula Liberato. Comunicação pública, transparência e políticas públicas: avaliação de informações em portais brasileiros de governo / Public communications, transparency, and public policy: assessing information on Brazilian government web portals. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-6-2013-05-69-96.

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Hortacsu, Ali, and Samita Sareen. Order Flow and the Formation of Dealer Bids: Information Flows and Strategic Behavior in the Government of Canada Securities Auctions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11116.

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Aremu, Fatai. Donor Action for Empowerment and Accountability in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.015.

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Multiple development actors are interested in stimulating more inclusive fiscal governance. Efforts to generate greater budget transparency, citizen participation in resource allocation, and public oversight of government spending are commonplace. How can development donors and lenders support such efforts, and what are their limitations? How do their attempts to do so interact? Exploring the outcomes of two projects in the Nigerian States of Jigawa and Kaduna provide some answers to these questions. The projects pursue overlapping goals, but with different approaches. The Partnership to Engage, Reform and Learn (PERL) programme funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office works in a granular and contextually adapted way in each state to construct joint government and civil initiatives that test and embed citizen engagement and oversight approaches. The World Bank States Financial Transparency Accountability and Sustainability (SFTAS) initiative offers financial incentives to states if they meet a set of common public financial management benchmarks. Their actions have been complementary in several ways, despite significant contextual differences between the states in terms of conflict dynamics and prevailing citizen–state relations. The projects also reinforced each other’s efforts on public procurement reform in Kaduna State. However, in Jigawa State, SFTAS incentives to pass a procurement law following a standard template failed to codify and may indeed reverse gains from longstanding PERL efforts supporting transparency. This illustrates how donors with similar reform objectives in the same contexts can unconsciously undermine existing efforts towards overarching public accountability goals.
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Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Dataset-All Government. Fraser Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975007.

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Dataset of the all-government index of the Economic Freedom of North America for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. The Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. The all-government index employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. Also, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
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Sandford, Robert, Vladimir Smakhtin, Colin Mayfield, Hamid Mehmood, John Pomeroy, Chris Debeer, Phani Adapa, et al. Canada in the Global Water World: Analysis of Capabilities. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/vsgg2030.

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This report critically examines, for the first time, the capacity of Canada’s water sector with respect to meeting and helping other countries meet the water-related targets of the UN’s global sustainable development agenda. Several components of this capacity are examined, including water education and research, investment in water projects that Canada makes internally and externally, and experiences in water technology and governance. Analysis of the water education system suggests that there is a broad capability in institutions of higher learning in Canada to offer training in the diverse subject areas important in water. In most cases, however, this has not led to the establishment of specific water study programmes. Only a few universities provide integrated water education. There is a need for a comprehensive listing of water-related educational activities in universities and colleges — a useful resource for potential students and employers. A review of recent Canadian water research directions and highlights reveals strong and diverse water research capacity and placed the country among global leaders in this field. Canada appears to be within the top 10 countries in terms of water research productivity (publications) and research impact (citations). Research capacity has been traditionally strong in the restoration and protection of the lakes, prediction of changes in climate, water and cryosphere (areas where water is in solid forms such as ice and snow), prediction and management of floods and droughts. There is also a range of other strong water research directions. Canada is not among the top 10 global water aid donors in absolute dollar numbers; the forerunners are, as a rule, the countries with higher GDP per capita. Canadian investments in Africa water development were consistently higher over the years than investments in other regions of the global South. The contributions dropped significantly in recent years overall, also with a decline in aid flow to Africa. Given government support for the right business model and access to resources, there is significant capacity within the Canadian water sector to deliver water technology projects with effective sustainable outcomes for the developing world. The report recommends several potential avenues to elevate Canada’s role on the global water stage, i.e. innovative, diverse and specific approaches such as developing a national inventory of available water professional capacity, and ranking Universities on the strength of their water programmes coordinating national contributions to global sustainability processes around the largest ever university-led water research programme in the world – the 7-year Global Water Futures program targeting specific developmental or regional challenges through overseas development aid to achieve quick wins that may require only modest investments resolving such chronic internal water challenges as water supply and sanitation of First Nations, and illustrating how this can be achieved within a limited period with good will strengthening and expanding links with UN-Water and other UN organisations involved in global water policy work To improve water management at home, and to promote water Canadian competence abroad, the diverse efforts of the country’s water sector need better coordination. There is a significant role for government at all levels, but especially federally, in this process.
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