Journal articles: 'Transmitter-receivers'

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Sharma, Naresh, and P. G. Poonacha. "Obtaining Synchronization for a Class of Chaotic Systems." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 07, no. 11 (November 1997): 2587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127497001746.

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An iterative algorithm is proposed for constructing synchronizing receivers for a chosen class of chaotic transmitter systems. A complete knowledge of the transmitter system is not required. Identical synchronization is ensured with the transmitted signal in the constructed receivers. Potential applications of the method are discussed for communications.

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Safipour, Roxana, Sebastian Hölz, Marion Jegen, and Andrei Swidinsky. "On electric fields produced by inductive sources on the seafloor." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): E297—E313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0700.1.

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The transient electromagnetic (TEM) method has recently been proposed as a tool for mineral exploration on the seafloor. Similar to airborne TEM surveys conducted on land, marine TEM systems can use a concentric or coincident wire-loop transmitter and receiver towed behind a ship. Such towed-loop TEM surveys can be further augmented by placing additional stationary receivers on the seafloor throughout the survey area. We examine the electric fields measured by remote receivers from an inductive source transmitter within a 1D layered earth model. At sea, it is conceivable to deploy either a horizontal transmitter (such as the analogous standard airborne configuration) or a more exotic vertical transmitter. Therefore, we study and compare the sensitivity of the vertical and horizontal towed-loop systems with a variety of seafloor conductivity structures. Our results indicate that the horizontal loop system is more sensitive to the thickness of a buried conductive layer and would be advantageous over the vertical loop system in characterizing the size of a shallowly buried mineralized zone. The vertical loop system is more sensitive to a resistive layer than the horizontal loop system. The vertical electric field produced by the vertical loop transmitter is sensitive to greater depths than the horizontal fields, and measuring the vertical field at the receivers would therefore be advantageous. We also conducted a novel test of a towed horizontal loop system with remote dipole receivers in a marine setting. The system was tested at the Palinuro volcanic complex in the Tyrrhenian Sea, a site of known massive sulfide mineralization. Preliminary results are consistent with shallowly buried material in the seafloor of conductivities [Formula: see text].

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Lee, Won, Woochan Lee, and Dukju Ahn. "Maximum Efficiency Conditions Satisfying Power Regulation Constraints in Multiple-Receivers Wireless Power Transfer." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 23, 2022): 3840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103840.

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We propose the conditions for maximum overall efficiency at the constraint of satisfying asymmetric load power requirements for each receiver, for multiple-receivers wireless power transfer. Previously, the limitation of multiple-receiver analysis was that only the efficiency was maximized, whereas the requirements of load power were neglected. In many cases, conventional efficiency maximization assigns insufficient power to receivers far from the transmitter, while supplying excessive power to receivers near the transmitter. To resolve this limitation, we maximize the efficiency at the constraints of specified load power for each receiver. The proposed closed-form equation provides an optimum TX coil current amplitude, and the optimum load resistances of each receiver, to achieve the maximum efficiency at the load power regulation.

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Kim, Jonghoek. "TDOA-Based Target Tracking Filter While Reducing NLOS Errors in Cluttered Environments." Sensors 23, no. 9 (May 8, 2023): 4566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094566.

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We consider tracking a moving target in a wireless communication system that is based on the radio signal. Considering a bounded workspace with many unknown obstacles, we handle tracking a non-cooperative transmitter using multiple signal receivers. Here, a non-cooperative transmitter is a transmitter whose signal emission time is not known in advance. We consider a time difference of arrival (TDOA) location problem, which locates the transmitter by processing the signal measurement time at multiple receivers. In tracking a non-cooperative transmitter, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors occur if obstacles block the LOS line connecting the receiver and the moving transmitter. Our article addresses how to track a moving transmitter while decreasing the NLOS error in TDOA-only measurements. We propose an algorithm to localize a transmitter while decreasing the NLOS error in TDOA measurements. For tracking a moving transmitter in real time, we integrate the proposed localization algorithm and the interacting multiple model Kalman filter (IMM KF). As far as we know, our article is novel in tracking a moving transmitter based on TDOA-only measurements in an unknown mixed LOS/NLOS workspace. We show that the proposed filter considerably decreases the NLOS errors in TDOA-only measurements while running fast. Therefore, the proposed tracking scheme is suitable for tracking a moving transmitter in real time. Through MATLAB simulations, we show that the proposed filter outperforms other state-of-the-art TDOA filters, considering both time efficiency and tracking accuracy.

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J. Mohammed, Muthana, and Turki K. Hassan. "DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A MULTI-RECEIVER WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER SYSTEM BASED ON TRANSMITTER CONTROL METHOD." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 26, no. 6 (November 4, 2022): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.26.6.5.

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As is usual in a multiple-receiver wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on s-s geometry, the power of load obtained and system efficiency are very sensitive to changes in the number of receivers. An improved multi-receivers WPT system is introduced that ensures the power given for each load remains stable while other receivers enter or exit the system. This study proposes a multiple-load WPT system operated by a class E amplifier. The equivalent system circuit model is analyzed of major parameters such as receiver power, transmitter power, transmission efficiency, and each load power allocation. A control circuit is proposed to obtain high transmission efficiency, power control for the transmitter, and arbitrary power distribution ratios of receivers for different loads. The cross-coupling between the receiver coils is prevented by adding compensating capacitors at the receiver side in series. This further increases the power stability obtained by loads. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the proposed process, simulation results are presented.

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Warda, Ahmad, Bojana Petković, and Hannes Töpfer. "Indoor localization: novel RSSI approach based on analytical solution and two receivers." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 6, no. 2 (November 20, 2017): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-6-375-2017.

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Abstract. Indoor localization based on trilateration method uses at least three receivers for an accurate localization in 2-D. We performed indoor localization in 2-D using only two receivers, combining algebraic equations for signal strengths into one quadratic equation with transmitter position as unknown and using a specific receiver placement at the two adjacent corners of the room. This receiver arrangement assures unique coordinates of the transmitter position inside a room, rejecting automatically the other solution which appears outside the room volume. The accuracy of the method is numerically tested in a room with dimensions of 9.7 m × 4.7 m × 3 m and shows a mean reconstruction error of 3.4 cm.

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Xun, Jian-Hui, Yajie Mu, Kunyi Zhang, Haixia Liu, and Long Li. "The Efficiency Improvement of Multiple Receivers in Wireless Power Transmission by Integrating Metasurfaces." Materials 15, no. 19 (October 6, 2022): 6943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196943.

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In this paper, we propose the use of metasurfaces to enhance evanescent wave coupling to improve the wireless power transfer (WPT) efficiency of multiple receivers. A 4 × 4 negative permeability metasurface is designed and placed between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) coils for the greatest improvement in transfer efficiency. Through the analysis of the number and position topologies of Rx coils, the efficiency can be greatly improved; the maximum efficiency at longer transmission distances is achieved through the 4 × 4 negative permeability metasurface in the multiple−receiver system. We show with simulation and measurement results that the power transfer efficiency of the system can be improved significantly by integrating metasurfaces. The maximum transfer efficiency is achieved in a multiple−receiver WPT system when the number and topology of Rx coils is case 0 of single transmitter−three receivers (STTR). The results show that the total efficiency of the multiple receivers WPT system can be as high as 97%.

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Lee, Joungha, and Seung Beop Lee. "Transmitter Module Optimization for Wireless Power Transfer Systems with Single Transmitter to Multiple Receivers." Mathematics 9, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 2928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9222928.

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Most of the coil designs for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems have been developed based on the “single transmitter to a single receiver (S-S)” WPT systems by the empirical design approaches, partial domain searches, and shape optimization methods. Recently, the layout optimizations of the receiver coil for S-S WPT systems have been developed using gradient-based optimization, fixed-grid (FG) representation, and smooth boundary (SB) representation. In this paper, the new design optimization of the transmitter module for the “single transmitter to multiple receivers (S-M)” WPT system with the resonance optimization for the S-M WPT system is proposed to extremize the total power transfer efficiency while satisfying the load voltage (i.e., rated power) required by each receiver and the total mass used for the transmitter coil. The proposed method was applied to an application model (e.g., S-M WPT systems with two receiver modules). Using the sensitivity of design variables with respect to the objective function (i.e., total power transfer efficiency) and constraint functions (i.e., load voltage of each receiver module and transmitter coil mass) at each iteration of the optimization process, the proposed method determines the optimal transmitter module that can maximize the total power transfer efficiency while several constraints are satisfied. Finally, the optimized transmitter module for the S-M WPT system was demonstrated through comparison with experiments under the same conditions as the simulation environment.

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Kazem, Ali, Adnan Malki, and Anas Mahmoud Almanofi. "Target Coordinates Estimation by Passive Radar with a Single non-Cooperative Transmitter and a Single Receiver." Journal of communications software and systems 16, no. 2 (May 4, 2020): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v16i2.984.

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Passive radar is a bistatic radar that detects and tracks targets by processing reflections from non-cooperative transmitters. Due to the bistatic geometry for this radar, a target can be localized in Cartesian coordinates by using one of the following bistatic geometries: multiple non-cooperative transmitters and a single receiver, or a single non-cooperative transmitter and multiple receivers, whereas the diversity of receivers or non-cooperative transmitters leads to extra signal processing and a ghost target phenomenon. To mitigate these two disadvantages, we present a new method to estimate Cartesian coordinates of a target by a passive radar system with a single non-cooperative transmitter and a single receiver. This method depends on the ability of the radar receiver to analyze a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and estimate two arrival angles for the target’s echo signal. The proposed passive radar system is simulated with a Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) transmitter, and the simulation results show the efficiency of this system compared with results of other researches.

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Athira, Puteri, Tze-Zhang Ang, and Mohamed Salem. "Resonant Inductive Coupling for Wireless Power Transmission." International Journal of Energy and Power Systems 2, no. 1 (March 18, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54616/ijeps/20220301.

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Wireless power transmission (WPT) is the method that transferring electrical energy from power source to electrical without any physical contact and it can be used to transfer power to electricity dependent systems or devices. In WPT, electromagnetic energy is produced to transmit the energy from power source (transmitter) to the load (receiver) via resonant inductive coupling. This article focuses on the design of a resonant inductive coupling using parallel-T topology in coupling WTR and combined of single transmitter with multiple receivers. In addition, principle of magnetic wave between the transmitter and receiver with related parameters is utilized to develop in WPT. A parallel-T topology that consists of T-matching network for secondary side is proposed as it is more suitable for weak coupling wireless power transfer applications. Besides that, three circuits are designed to show the resonant inductive coupling for WTP which including the circuit with and without matching network and the circuit of single transmitter with multiple receivers. The simulation of output voltage and output current are observed to relate the effects of frequency on the circuit. The graph of output voltage and power are plotted to show the pattern on effect of the frequencies to the resonant inductive coupling circuit.

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Beard, Les P., William E. Doll, J. Scott Holladay, T. Jeffrey Gamey, James L. C. Lee, and David T. Bell. "Field tests of an experimental helicopter time‐domain electromagnetic system for unexploded ordnance detection." GEOPHYSICS 69, no. 3 (May 2004): 664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1759452.

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Field trials of a low‐flying time‐domain helicopter electromagnetic system designed for detection of unexploded ordnance have yielded positive and encouraging results. The system is able to detect ordnance as small as 60‐mm rounds at 1‐m sensor height. We examined several transmitter and receiver configurations. Small loop receivers gave superior signal‐to‐noise ratios in comparison to larger receiver loops at low heights. Base frequencies of 90 Hz and 270 Hz were less affected than other base frequencies by noise produced by proximity to the helicopter and by vibration of the support structure. For small ordnance, a two‐lobed, antisymmetric transmitter loop geometry produced a modest signal‐to‐noise enhancement compared with a large single rectangular loop, presumably because the antisymmetric transmitter produces smaller eddy currents in the helicopter body, thereby reducing this source of noise. In most cases, differencing of vertically offset receivers did not substantially improve signal‐to‐noise ratios at very low sensor altitudes. Signal attenuation from transmitter to target and from target to receiver causes signals from smaller ordnance to quickly become indistinguishable from geological background variations, so that above a sensor height of about 3 m only large ordnance items (e.g., bombs and large caliber artillery rounds) were consistently detected.

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Larsen, Jakob Juul, Lichao Liu, Denys Grombacher, Gordon Osterman, and Esben Auken. "Apsu — A new compact surface nuclear magnetic resonance system for groundwater investigation." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): JM1—JM11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0779.1.

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Surface nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is emerging as a competitive method for aquifer exploration due to its direct sensitivity to subsurface water, but the method still has several shortcomings, for example, a signal-to-noise ratio that is often poor, long survey times, and bulky equipment. We have developed Apsu, a new surface NMR system designed for near-surface groundwater investigations. It provides several features such as a compact transmitter unit, separated, small receiver coils, wireless connections between multiple receivers, quasi-zero dead time, and robust phase determination. The transmitter unit is powered by a lightweight generator, and it drives a triangular current in an untuned [Formula: see text] transmitter coil. The peak current of the triangular waveform is up to 145 A, with an effective peak current of 105 A at a Larmor frequency of 2 kHz, corresponding to a 30 m depth of investigation. The frequency and amplitude in each half-oscillation of the transmit pulses can be modulated independently, which gives great flexibility in the pulse design. The receiver uses low-noise preamplifiers and multiple receivers linked to a central unit through Wi-Fi. The use of small receiver coils and wireless connections to multichannel receivers greatly improves the layout configuration flexibility and survey efficiency. The performance of the system under field conditions is demonstrated with high-quality data collected near Silkeborg, Denmark, using on-resonance and numerically optimized modulation pulses.

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Hirsch, Christian, Benedikt Jahnel, Paul Keeler, and Robert I. A. Patterson. "Large deviation principles for connectable receivers in wireless networks." Advances in Applied Probability 48, no. 4 (December 2016): 1061–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2016.65.

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AbstractWe study large deviation principles for a model of wireless networks consisting of Poisson point processes of transmitters and receivers. To each transmitter we associate a family of connectable receivers whose signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is larger than a certain connectivity threshold. First, we show a large deviation principle for the empirical measure of connectable receivers associated with transmitters in large boxes. Second, making use of the observation that the receivers connectable to the origin form a Cox point process, we derive a large deviation principle for the rescaled process of these receivers as the connection threshold tends to 0. Finally, we show how these results can be used to develop importance sampling algorithms that substantially reduce the variance for the estimation of probabilities of certain rare events such as users being unable to connect.

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Liu, Yumeng, Yijing Zhao, and Yi Ding. "Geometric Configuration Design and Fast Imaging for Multistatic Forward-Looking SAR Based on Wavenumber Spectrum Formation Approach." Remote Sensing 15, no. 11 (May 26, 2023): 2783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112783.

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Multistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar (Mu-FLSAR) has the potential of high-resolution imaging with short synthetic aperture time, which can improve the transmitter’s survivability, by coherently fusing simultaneously observed measurements of multiple receivers. However, the combined performance of the multiple measurements strictly depends on an appropriate geometric configuration among the transmitter and receivers because the forward-looking application limits the flight directions of receivers. In this paper, to design a geometric configuration for Mu-FLSAR, a wavenumber spectrum formation (WSF) approach is proposed based on the projection relationship between the wavenumber support regions (WSRs) and geometric configuration parameters. On the one hand, the projected pattern of multiple WSRs is deduced, and the relationship between multiple WSRs and the point spread function (PSF) is analyzed. Based on the geometric feature of the kernel WSR, which is formed by the transmitter and the master receiver, and the relationship between the geometric features and the geometric configuration parameters, including synthetic aperture time and azimuthal angle, a WSF method is proposed to visually and quickly deduce the geometric parameter of the salve receivers. On the other hand, based on the designed geometric configuration of Mu-FLSAR, a wavenumber-dependent fast polar format algorithm (WF-PFA) is proposed to efficiently reconstruct the targets relying on the geometric features of WSRs. Simulation results verify the proposed method.

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Swidinsky, Andrei, and R. Nigel Edwards. "Transient marine electromagnetic responses of 3D resistive structures: Implications for navigation." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): E33—E39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0098.1.

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The marine controlled-source electromagnetic method has become a popular technique for mapping the electrical resistivity structure of the seafloor. Electromagnetic fields, produced by an electric dipole transmitter, diffuse through the earth and are recorded on the seabed by nodal or cable based electric dipole receivers. Accurate information on transmitter and receiver geometry is extremely important for proper interpretation; errors in the position and orientation of the transmitter and/or the receivers propagate into errors in the predicted seafloor resistivity. We consider the special situation where a receiver cable is towed in the vicinity of a transmitter which is located on the seafloor with a known position and orientation. We theoretically and numerically examine the response of this system for a selection of 1D, 2D, and 3D models, and show that although the electromagnetic field recorded at early times contains information about the subsurface resistivity, the late time decay of the transient response is only a function of the seawater conductivity and receiver position for all the models we consider. In fact, the shape of the late time decay is almost exactly the same as that of a dipole in a wholespace having the same resistivity as seawater. This shows that late time transient information can be used to determine the position of the receiver cable, whereas early time information can be used to determine the resistivity structure of the seafloor.

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Billal, Md Mashum, and Maryam Maleki. "Presenting the Multi-Objective Optimization Model of Search and Rescue Network." International journal of Science and Engineering Applications 10, no. 04 (April 11, 2021): 040–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea1004.1003.

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The Search and Rescue Network (SAR) is a kind of emergency network that pursuit people in need or imminent danger. This paper aims using a priori optimization to demonstrate the optimal assignment of HFDF receivers to the Generalized Search and Rescue (GSAR) network, which is independent of the weighting of the transmitter areas. The mathematical model seeks two objectives, the first one is maximizing the expected number of LOBs for HFDF receivers. The second is providing a fair share number of HFDF receivers allowed to cover the frequency. The result shown the efficiency of presented model ran by CPLEX toolbox of MATLAB 2020 software.

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Moriya, Masahiro, and Mina Ryoke. "Information Balance between Transmitters and Receivers Based on the Twitter after Great East Japan Earthquake." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 4, no. 2 (April 2013): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jkss.2013040107.

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In this paper, Information Balance between supply and demand of information is considered. In general, differences between informational transmitter and receivers are often observed, and it is not so surprising in daily life. However, it would give serious influences for the receivers to make decisions about their next action in the emergency situations like disasters. In this paper, the government is assigned a role as the informational transmitter and the citizen have roles of the receivers. This paper is to find out supply and demand of information (“Information balance”) between government and citizens regarding Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Information from Government is picked up from tweets of @kantei saigai, official twitter account of Prime Minister’s Office, and total 56 accounts whose profiles have some relationship to the affected area are collected as receiver. According to several analysis performance, we found out following three points. 1) There were information imbalance between government and citizens related to the affected area, 2) citizens required not only objective data about radiation but also impact and countermeasure for that, 3) citizens covered that information imbalance by following media twitter accounts providing prefectural and specific information.

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Chyczewski, Stasiu, Seahee Hwangbo, Yong-Kyu Yoon, and David P. Arnold. "Experimental demonstration of multi-watt wireless power transmission to ferrite-core receivers at 6.78 MHz." Wireless Power Transfer 6, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2018.6.

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This article experimentally explores the use of ferrite cores to miniaturize the receivers used for inductive wireless power transmission. A variety of receivers were designed and fabricated using cylindrical ferrite cores, ranging in total size from 47 to 687 mm3. The receivers were tested with a commercially available transmitter operating under the Rezence (Air Fuel Alliance) standard at 6.78 MHz. Experiments measured performance of the receivers in terms of their maximum power draw and efficiency as functions of the receiver load and transmission distance. Experimental results showed that ferrite-core receivers could draw multiple watts of power with end-to-end efficiencies in excess of 50%. While the efficiencies are less than a commercially planar coil receiver, the ferrite-core receivers offer a >50% reduction in mass and >90% reduction in footprint. As a result, the receiver power densities reach up to 17.6 W/cm3, which is a 25× improvement over previously reported work. This effort confirms the viability of ferrite-core receivers for size- and weight-constrained applications.

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Minnaert, Ben, Mauro Mongiardo, Alessandra Costanzo, and Franco Mastri. "Maximum efficiency solution for capacitive wireless power transfer with N receivers." Wireless Power Transfer 7, no. 1 (March 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2020.9.

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AbstractTypical wireless power transfer (WPT) systems on the market charge only a single receiver at a time. However, it can be expected that the need will arise to charge multiple devices at once by a single transmitter. Unfortunately, adding extra receivers influences the system efficiency. By impedance matching, the loads of the system can be adjusted to maximize the efficiency, regardless of the number of receivers. In this work, we present the analytical solution for achieving maximum system efficiency with any number of receivers for capacitive WPT. Among others, we determine the optimal loads and the maximum system efficiency. We express the efficiency as a function of a single variable, the system kQ-product and demonstrate that load capacitors can be inserted to compensate for any cross-coupling between the receivers.

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H.Vincent Poor, Narayan B. Mandayam, Wade Trappe, and Andrey Garnaev. "A multi-link communication connectivity game under hostile interference." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 2, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/swhp5412.

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In this paper, we consider a communication connectivity problem involving a primary user (transmitter, for example, a Ground Control Station (GCS)) servicing a group of secondary users (receivers, for example, drones) under hostile interference. We formulate this multi-link communication connectivity problem, where the channels are affected by Rayleigh fading, as a zero-sum power resource allocation game between a transmitter and an adversary (jammer). The transmitter's objective is to maximize the probability of communication connectivity with all the receivers. It is proven that the problem has unique equilibrium in power allocation strategies, and the equilibrium is derived in closed form. Moreover, we reduce the problem of designing the equilibrium in power resource allocation strategies to the problem of finding a fixed point of a real-valued function. An algorithm based on the bisection method to find the fixed point (and so equilibrium strategies) is developed, and its convergence is proven.

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MAK, D. K., and W. KUNG. "FLAW POSITIONING IN THREE DIMENSIONAL SPACE USING UNFOCUSED TRANSMITTER-RECEIVERS." Nondestructive Testing Communications 3, no. 4-5 (October 1987): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0278-0898708952940.

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Frotzscher, A., and G. Fettweis. "Digital compensation of transmitter leakage in FDD zero-IF receivers." Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 23, no. 2 (November 9, 2011): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.1514.

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Rehman, Saeed Ur, Shafiq Alam, and Iman T. Ardekani. "An Overview of Radio Frequency Fingerprinting for Low-End Devices." International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 6, no. 3 (July 2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmcmc.2014070101.

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RF fingerprinting is proposed as a means of providing an additional layer of security for wireless devices. A masquerading or impersonation attacks can be prevented by establishing the identity of wireless transmitter using unique transmitter RF fingerprint. Unique RF fingerprints are attributable to the analog components (digital-to-analog converters, band-pass filters, frequency mixers and power amplifiers) present in the RF front ends of transmitters. Most of the previous researches have reported promising results with an accuracy of up to 99% using high-end receivers (e.g. Giga-sampling rate oscilloscopes, spectrum and vector signal analysers) to validate the proposed techniques. However, practical implementation of RF fingerprinting would require validation with low-end (low-cost) devices that also suffers from impairments due to the presence of analog components in the front end of its receiver. This articles provides the analysis and implementation of RF fingerprinting using low-cost receivers and challenges associated with it.

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Hasan, Muhammad Amish, Tanveer Ahmad, Asim Anwar, Salman Siddiq, Abdul Malik, Waseem Nazar, and Imran Razzaq. "A Novel Multi-Cell Interference-Aware Cooperative QoS-Based NOMA Group D2D System." Future Internet 15, no. 4 (March 24, 2023): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi15040118.

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Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA), one of the favorable candidates of next-generation wireless networks combined with group device-to-device (D2D) networks, can sufficiently increase a system’s spectral efficiency. In fact, in a cooperative scenario, successive interference cancellation (SIC) is used in NOMA receivers to reduce the complexity of relaying, as each user has to decode high-order user data. This work presents a quality of service (QoS)-based cooperative NOMA-aided group D2D system (Q-CNOMA). The Q-CNOMA system not only reduces the burden on the group transmitter by relaying the signal to a receiver in neighboring cells but also improves the overall system performance. In order to model the major components in a D2D scenario such as receivers clustering around a transmitter, the spatial distribution of D2D transmitters is modeled using a Gaussian–Poisson process (GPP). A closed-form expression of outage probability is calculated and benchmarked against conventional systems to prove the superiority of the proposed Q-CNOMA system.

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G, Gandikota Ramu, Narayanan Ramachandran, Karunamurthy A, and Alfrin Vickson. "Energy Harvesting and Optimization Using Broadcast Channel Approach for MIMO Systems in Wireless Sensor Networks." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 16519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16519ecst.

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EM or radio signal enabled WPT in particular. Since radio signals can carry power and information simultaneously, simultaneous data transmission and power transmission (SWIPT). A three-point wireless transmission system (MIMO), in which one receiver harvests power and the other receiver determines the data separately from the signals sent by the standard transmitter, and all transmitters and receivers probably have multiple antennas. Two scenarios are tested, in which the information receiver and the power receiver are separated and detect different MIMO channels from the transmitter, or which are collectively available and detect the same MIMO channel from the transmitter. In the case of split receivers, we find an appropriate transfer strategy to achieve various tradeoffs with a higher amount of data compared to a power transfer, which is reflected by a regional boundary rate-rate (R-E). In the case of co-acquisition recipients, we indicate the external boundary of the accessible R-E region due to the potential limit that power harvest recipients are not yet able to determine the exact details. Under this barrier, it investigates two cohesively formed cases, namely time shifts and power divisions, and then shows their accessible R-E regions in relation to the external boundary.

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Monti, Giuseppina, Wenquan Che, Qinghua Wang, Marco Dionigi, Mauro Mongiardo, Renzo Perfetti, and Yumei Chang. "Wireless power transfer between one transmitter and two receivers: optimal analytical solution." Wireless Power Transfer 3, no. 1 (March 2016): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wpt.2016.3.

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This paper focuses on non-radiative wireless power transfer implemented by means of a resonant magnetic coupling. The case of one transmitter and two receivers is considered and a rigorous analytical procedure is developed demonstrating that maximum power transfer or maximum efficiency can be achieved by appropriately selecting the load values. Both cases of coupled and uncoupled receivers are solved; closed formulas are derived for the optimal loads, which maximize either power or efficiency. It is shown that the resistances that realize maximum power transfer are always greater than the resistances that realize maximum efficiency. According to this observation, an optimal range of operation for the load resistances is also determined. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in the case where the receivers are coupled the introduction of appropriate compensating reactances allows retrieving the same results corresponding to the uncoupled case both for powers and efficiency. Theoretical data are validated by comparisons with numerical results.

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Unnikrishnan, N., A. Mahajan, and T. Chu. "Intelligent system modelling of a three-dimensional ultrasonic positioning system using neural networks and genetic algorithms." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 217, no. 5 (August 1, 2003): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095965180321700503.

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This paper presents a neural network model for a three-dimensional ultrasonic position estimation system that uses the difference in the time of arrivals of waves from a transmitter to various receivers. Even though a linearized analytical model for the three-dimensional system exists and is currently being used to estimate the position of the transmitter, its accuracy is highly dependent on complex and time consuming signal conditioning. A neural network approach is developed to train the system based on unconditioned training sets obtained directly from the receivers. It is proposed to use the final trained system to estimate the three-dimensional position in real time using these raw signals, thereby simplifying the hardware and the computational software as well as increasing the update rate. The weights of the neural network are obtained from a traditional back-progation method and by using genetic algorithms. Results for one-, two- and three-dimensional systems are presented as proof of concept. The performance of the neural network model using the raw signals is shown to be comparable to the analytical model using conditioned signals. Further, it is shown that the neural network model is extremely robust in terms of providing accurate position estimates, even after loss of information from multiple receivers. This work has significant applications in robotics, autonomous systems, virtual reality and image-guided surgery.

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Li, Yan Hong, Guo Qiang Liu, and Shi Qiang Li. "Synchronization System Design of Ground Electromagnetic Probe Based on FPGA and GPS." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1611.

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This paper presents a synchronization system of ground electromagnetic probe based on FPGA and GPS. In order to realize precise synchronization between transmitter and receiver, the paper uses the GPS module, the application of GPS-synchronized is a relatively good synchronization mode because of its independent of distance and topography. This paper makes the coordinated universal time of GPS and seconds pulse 1pps as the time reference, analyses synchronization principle and characteristics based on FPGA and GPS, designs time synchronization circuit, realizes the output of the synchronous enable signal. Finally it can realize the precise synchronization between a transmitter and several receivers.

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Raiche, Art P. "Reply by the author to R. Ignetik." GEOPHYSICS 54, no. 11 (November 1989): 1501–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1486776.

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The failure of Ignetik to recognize the logic underlying my approach to polygonal‐loop modeling demonstrates a need to present some points more clearly. The starting point was that I wanted to represent the transmitter as an array of vertical magnetic dipoles rather than horizontal linear dipoles. The reason for this was to minimize the computation needed for downhole receivers and multiple transmitter loops. The layered‐earth Green’s tensor elements for horizontal linear dipoles for a general “receiver” point are very complicated for the N‐layer case. Those for the vertical dipole are very simple and require much less computation.

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Wu, Liehu, and Yanbin Zou. "Majorization-Minimization Method for Elliptic Localization in the Absence of Transmitter Position." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010373.

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This paper investigates the problem of elliptic localization in the absence of transmitter position. An efficient iterative method is developed to jointly evaluate the target and transmitter positions. Using the measurement information from the indirect paths reflected from the target and the direct paths between the transmitter and receivers, a non-convex maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) problem is formulated. Owing to the non-convex nature of the issue, we apply the majorization–minimization (MM) principle to address the MLE problem, which iteratively minimizes a convex surrogate function instead of the original objective function. Moreover, the proposed MM method is further extended to tackle a general scenario where both multiple unknown transmitters and receiver position errors are considered. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed MM method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

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Mollaei, Masoud Sharifian Mazraeh, Prasad Jayathurathnage, Sergei A. Tretyakov, and Constantin R. Simovski. "High-Impedance Wireless Power Transfer Transmitter Coils for Freely Positioning Receivers." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 42994–3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3064212.

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Talepour, Z., J. Ahmadi-Shokouh, and S. Tavakoli. "Optimality of transmitter location in a wireless network with RAKE receivers." IET Communications 6, no. 18 (December 18, 2012): 3059–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2012.0272.

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Dang, Xiaojie, Prasad Jayathurathnage, Sergei A. Tretyakov, and Constantin R. Simovski. "Self-Tuning Multi-Transmitter Wireless Power Transfer to Freely Positioned Receivers." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 119940–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3005657.

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del Olmo Alòs, Jaume, and Javier Rodríguez Fonollosa. "Polar Coding for Confidential Broadcasting." Entropy 22, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020149.

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A polar coding scheme is proposed for the Wiretap Broadcast Channel with two legitimate receivers and one eavesdropper. We consider a model in which the transmitter wishes to send the same private (non-confidential) message and the same confidential message reliably to two different legitimate receivers, and the confidential message must also be (strongly) secured from the eavesdropper. The coding scheme aims to use the optimal rate of randomness and does not make any assumption regarding the symmetry or degradedness of the channel. This paper extends previous work on polar codes for the wiretap channel by proposing a new chaining construction that allows to reliably and securely send the same confidential message to two different receivers. This construction introduces new dependencies between the random variables involved in the coding scheme that need to be considered in the secrecy analysis.

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Xu, Bing, and Lei Dou. "GNSS IF Signal Simulation Considering Oscillator Phase Noise." Journal of Navigation 71, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 805–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463318000036.

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Oscillator phase noise has a negative effect on the tracking performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. To provide GNSS software receivers with real test environments, this paper proposes a method to simulate the GNSS Intermediate Frequency (IF) signal, taking the oscillator phase noise effect into consideration. The oscillator parameters are first measured via a pseudolite transmitter and receiver system. According to the measured oscillator parameters, an oscillator-induced frequency fluctuation is then generated, and added to the digital IF signal. Further simulation experiments are conducted that attempt to measure the oscillator phase noise effect on a second-order Phase Lock Loop (PLL) performance. Results indicate that the IF signal simulator considering the oscillator phase noise is able to provide software receivers with real signal dynamics, helping to evaluate the performance of signal processing algorithms on a software platform.

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Da Costa Filho, Adonias Evaristo. "Connectedness in the Brazilian yield curve." Brazilian Review of Finance 21, no. 4 (November 15, 2023): 15–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/rbfin.v21n4.2023.89022.

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This paper uses the connectedness approach to understand yield curve dynamics in Brazil. I find that the medium part of the curve is mainly a transmitter of shocks, while the short- and long-end are both net receivers of shocks. Medium-term expectations about the Brazilian economy therefore play a key role in yield curve dynamics in Brazil.

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Ramli, Zalifah, Asan G. A. Muthalif, Amir A. Shafie, and Hasmawati Antong. "Parallel Manipulator for Auto Tracking System: Virtual Prototyping Using LabVIEW- Solidworks." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.777.

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Free-space optics (FSO) communication is a technology that uses light to transmit data through free space. The most important part in FSO communication is the alignment between transmitter and telescope’s receiver. However, since the transmission medium of FSO is atmosphere, it will give misalignment between the transceivers. Hence, auto tracking system is required to solve the problem between the transmitter and receivers. The 3-RPS parallel manipulator has been designed as an auto tracking system for the alignment between transceivers. First, a prototype of the system is designed in SolidWorks and integrated with LabVIEW software to perform virtual prototyping. Then, the result of virtual prrotyping is discussed.

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Toan, Hoang Van, and Vo Nguyen Quoc Bao. "Performance Analysis of Cognitive Two-Way Networks with Interference from Primary User over Nakagami-m Fading Channels." Journal of Science and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications Technology 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31130/jst.2017.35.

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A cognitive underlay two-way relay network taking into account interference links from primary transmitter to secondary receivers over Nakagami-m fading channels is analyzed in this article. In this model, a secondary system including two terminal nodes exchanges data through a decode-and-forward (DF) relay node. Under the underlay approach, all secondary transmitter must adjust transmit power to protect the primary communications. We derive the exact and asymptotic closed-form expression for the secondary system outage probability over Nakagami-m fading channels showing the system diversity. Monte-Carlo simulation are performed to verify the analysis results as well as to show the system characteristics

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Dobre, Robert-Alexandru, Radu-Ovidiu Preda, and Radu-Alexandru Badea. "Robust OCC System Optimized for Low-Frame-Rate Receivers." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 5938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22165938.

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Light emitting diodes (LED) are becoming the dominant lighting elements due to their efficiency. Optical camera communications (OCC), the branch of visible light communications (VLC) that uses video cameras as receivers, is a suitable candidate in facilitating the development of new communication solutions for the broader public because video cameras are available on almost any smartphone nowadays. Unfortunately, most OCC systems that have been proposed until now require either expensive and specialized high-frame-rate cameras as receivers, which are unavailable on smartphones, or they rely on the rolling shutter effect, being sensitive to camera movement and pointing direction, they produce light flicker when low-frame-rate cameras are used, or they must discern between more than two light intensity values, affecting the robustness of the decoding process. This paper presents in detail the design of an OCC system that overcomes these limitations, being designed for receivers capturing 120 frames per second and being easily adaptable for any other frame rate. The system does not rely on the rolling shutter effect, thus making it insensitive to camera movement during frame acquisition and less demanding about camera resolution. It can work with reflected light, requiring neither a direct line of sight to the light source nor high resolution image sensors. The proposed communication is invariant to the moment when the transmitter and the receiver are started as the communication is self-synchronized, without any other exchange of information between the transmitter and the receiver, without producing light flicker, and requires only two levels of brightness to be detected (light on and light off). The proposed system overcomes the challenge of not producing light flicker even when it is adapted to work with very low-frame-rate receivers. This paper presents the statistical analysis of the communication performance and discusses its implementation in an indoor localization system.

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Yan, Senlin. "Two chaotic synchronizations in er-doped fiber lasers and their application in two-channel coding secure communications." ITM Web of Conferences 45 (2022): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224502008.

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A dual-ring erbium-doped fiber laser has nonlinear dynamic characteristics based on optical coupling interaction of lasing from the two laser rings and can send chaotic lasing to encode and mask an information to perform secure communication. Two independent groups of single-ring erbium-doped fiber lasers and a dual-ring erbium-doped fiber laser are used to construct two-channel chaos secure communication system while the synchronization’s physical mathematical model is presented by using the “active-passive” chaotic synchronization method, where a dual-ring erbium-doped fiber laser is used as a transmitter and two independent groups of single-ring erbium-doped fiber lasers are used as two receivers. Our numerical simulation shows that these two receivers can synchronize with the transmitter respectively. A two-channel chaotic hidden encoding secure communications with a modulation frequency of 10kHz analog signal and a rate of 20kbit/s digital signal are numerically simulated respectively, which shows to have good decoding quality and strong security. The obtained result shows that the chaotic coding system can be well applied in chaotic two channel secure communications. The research results have an important reference value for optical multi-channel secure communication and network security.

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Giacalone, V. M., G. Garofalo, G. D'Anna, F. Badalamenti, and C. Pipitone. "Fi.S.A.R.: A Data-managing and Processing Software for Automated Telemetry Systems." Marine Technology Society Journal 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533206787353592.

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Ultrasonic telemetry systems are increasingly used in studies on the behavioral ecology of marine and freshwater animals. Systems based on automated omnidirectional receivers in particular offer a powerful and relatively cheap tool to provide presence/absence data of tagged animals, but they do not provide the geographic position of the transmitters. In this paper a new software called FiSAR (Fish-finder Software for Automated Receivers), developed for application with Vemco VR1/VR2 receivers, is presented (available at www.marecofree.org/download.asp). FiSAR is able to manage large datasets as well as to calculate the activity center of each transmitter from simple presence/absence data. This is achieved through (1) the collation of the data collected by each receiver in a unique MS Access cross-table, and (2) the use of the Simpfendorfer et al. (2002) algorithm. The resulting cross-table can be easily exported to most statistical packages for further analysis.

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Thampi, Ajai Prasad. "Fishermen Rescue Mission." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 1544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38186.

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Abstract: The basic idea of this project is to save the life of fishermen at sea. We do this by installing a module in the fisherman’s life jacket. This module will be a transmitter which can transmit its current location. This module is made to be a floating module. Which is also waterproof. The person in the dangerous situation can press the button and the transmitter starts transmitting the location. The data is then transferred to the receiver via a network built by WLAN module which is also made by us. The WLAN module consists of the transmitter and the receiver and acts as repeater stations. These transmitters and receivers also contain the LoRa module. The LoRa module is Incorporated because of its long range communication specifications. The repeater station is placed buoy the help of buoys. Buoys are floating objects which are then anchored to make them stationary. The receiver is a portable one and dynamically we can get the location of the transmitter. Hence we can locate the person and then rescue them Keywords: LoRa, WLAN, GPS module,

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Zhou, Jin, Anandaroop Chakrabarti, Peter R. Kinget, and Harish Krishnaswamy. "Low-Noise Active Cancellation of Transmitter Leakage and Transmitter Noise in Broadband Wireless Receivers for FDD/Co-Existence." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 49, no. 12 (December 2014): 3046–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2359914.

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Monti, Giuseppina, Mauro Mongiardo, Ben Minnaert, Alessandra Costanzo, and Luciano Tarricone. "Optimal Terminations for a Single-Input Multiple-Output Resonant Inductive WPT Link." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 3, 2020): 5157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195157.

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This paper analyzes a resonant inductive wireless power transfer link using a single transmitter and multiple receivers. The link is described as an (N+1)–port network and the problem of efficiency maximization is formulated as a generalized eigenvalue problem. It is shown that the desired solution can be derived through simple algebraic operations on the impedance matrix of the link. The analytical expressions of the loads and the generator impedances that maximize the efficiency are derived and discussed. It is demonstrated that the maximum realizable efficiency of the link does not depend on the coupling among the receivers that can be always compensated. Circuital simulation results validating the presented theory are reported and discussed.

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Li, Fangbiao, and Zhi Xue. "A Class of Three-Receiver Broadcast Channels with Degraded Message Sets and Side Information." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/406826.

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We study a class of three-receiver discrete memoryless broadcast channel (DM-BC) with three degraded message sets and side information. We derive achievable rate region for this three-receive DM-BC with side information noncausally available at the transmitter. When the receivers follow a degradedness order, we determine the perfect secrecy capacity region of this class of three-receiver DM-BC with three degraded message sets and side information noncausally available at both the transmitter and the receiver. The achievable secrecy region of this paper subsumes Steinberg’s rate region for two-receiver degraded BC with the side information and the secrecy capacity region for one-receiver two-eavesdropper DM-BC with no side information as its special cases.

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Sinaga, Erikson F., Suryanto Wangsa Mulya, and Eka Budiarto. "Implementation of Distance-Measuring System Using Ultrasonic to be used in an Autonomous Human-Following Luggage Robot." ICONIET PROCEEDING 2, no. 3 (February 13, 2019): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/iconiet.v2i3.40.

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In this research, ultrasonic sensors are implemented to measure distances for anautonomous human-following luggage robot. The system consists of the luggage robot and thewireless transmitter device which is held by the person acting as a target. The robot is equippedwith two ultrasonic sensors mounted on the top of it, acting only as receivers, two DC motors todrive the robot, and an Arduino board acting as microcontroller. Meanwhile, the transmitterdevice has one ultrasonic sensor. The luggage robot is designed to follow the person byfollowing the signals sent by the transmitter device. In order to determine the direction of thetarget, a microcontroller is used to measure time difference of the signals received by thereceivers mounted on the top of the luggage. A program is developed to compute the directionand distance to where the robot should move according to the transmitter device. Themicrocontroller then controls the motors through the H Bridge to make speed adjustment onboth motors according to the direction of movement.

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Turan, Meric, Bayram Cevdet Akdeniz, Mehmet Sukru Kuran, H. Birkan Yilmaz, Ilker Demirkol, Ali E. Pusane, and Tuna Tugcu. "Transmitter Localization in Vessel-Like Diffusive Channels Using Ring-Shaped Molecular Receivers." IEEE Communications Letters 22, no. 12 (December 2018): 2511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2018.2871456.

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Khatri, Himanshu, Prasad S. Gudem, and Lawrence E. Larson. "An Active Transmitter Leakage Suppression Technique for CMOS SAW-Less CDMA Receivers." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 45, no. 8 (August 2010): 1590–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2049792.

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Ilya, Lesnov, and Vdovin Vyacheslav. "Atmospheric Propagation Of SubTHz Waves And Space, 6G & 7G Communications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012084.

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Abstract The work is devoted to the actual problem of data rate of wireless telecommunication channels. Presented analysis of the telecommunication channel subterahertz (subTHz) frequency range - as the most promising band for the implementation of wireless telecommunications for space links and terrestrial cellular communications of high capacity. A channel considered as a combination of high effective transponder / transmitter duplex together with an open high dissipative atmospheric line. The means to achieve a high signal / noise ratio is usage of low-noise cryogenic receivers. The theoretical analysis of data rates for various atmospheric conditions and technical implementations of communication channels demonstrated reasonable limits of cooling of receivers, providing a weighty increase channel capacity, while deeper cooling is impractical due to weather restrictions in certain ranges and conditions of signal propagation, including altitude and seasonal features.

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Bretienbach, Jerome R. "The Capacity of the White Gaussian Noise Channel." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 4, no. 3 (July 1990): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800001650.

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The capacity of the white Gaussian noise (WGN) channel is widely stated asS/N0nats/unit time. This conclusion is commonly derived either formally, or from the capacity,Wln(l +S/N0W), of the corresponding band-limited channel with bandwidthW, by takingW→8. In this paper, the WGN channel capacity is instead found directly by treating WGN as an arbitrary noise sequence that whitens in a general sense. In addition, the coding theorems proved make explicit the class of allowable receivers, either finite- or infinite-dimensional correlation receivers, or unconstrained. The capacities for these three receiver classes are found to be, respectively:S/N0forS> 0, and 0 forS= 0; and 8 for allS≥ 0. In those cases where the capacity is infinite, actual transmitter–receiver pairs are specified that achieve capacity.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Transmitter-receivers'

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