Academic literature on the topic 'Translations from Old English'

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Journal articles on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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Marsden, Richard. "Old Latin Intervention in the Old English Heptateuch." Anglo-Saxon England 23 (December 1994): 229–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100004555.

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The Old Testament translations in the compilation known as the Old English Hexateuch or Heptateuch are based on good Vulgate exemplars. That is to say, where variation can be demonstrated between the version associated with Jerome's late fourth-century revision and the pre-Hieronymian ‘Old Latin’ versions, the Old English translations can be shown to derive from exemplars carrying the former. The opening of Genesis–‘On angynne gesceop God heofonan 7 eorðan. seo eorðe soðlice was idel 7 æmti’–illustrates this general rule. Behind it is the Vulgate ‘in principio creauit Deus caelum et terram. terra autem erat inanis et uacua”, not a version with the characteristic ‘old’ readings, such as fecit for creauit and inuisibilis et inconpositas for inani et vacua. Indeed, much of the Old English translation, especially in Genesis, is sufficiently full and faithful for the identification of specific Vulgate variants in the exemplar text to be made with some confidence and for the influence on it of the important Carolingian revisions asssociated with Orléans and Tours to be demonstrated. There is, however, a small number of Old English readings throughout the Heptateuch for which Latin parallels in the thirty or so collated Vulgate manuscripts are unknown or hardly known. Instead, they appear to derive from models available in pre-Hieronymian texts. Uncertainty often surrounds their identification, owing to the complexities both of the translation process and the history of the Latin Bible. Understanding their origins involves consideration of the influence of patristic literature and the liturgy, as well as the availability of ‘contaminated’ exemplar texts.
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Discenza, Nicole Guenther. "The Old English Bede and the construction of Anglo-Saxon authority." Anglo-Saxon England 31 (December 2002): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675102000042.

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The translator of Bede's Historia ecclesiastica faced a daunting task. His source text had behind it the authority of a well-known, learned English saint, and a translation of the work would inevitably be a step removed from that saint. How could the translator convince the audience that his translation possessed authority? Alfred's prefaces to his translations and Wærferth's preface to the Dialogues gain the confidence of the readers or hearers through their explicit discussion of motives and methods of translation. By contrast, the Old English Bede authorizes itself not through any overt claims in an original preface but through strategic translations of the Latin preface and of the text itself. The Alfredian prefaces thus provide valuable points of comparison and contrast for the Old English Bede. All the translations assert continuity between source text and translation while replacing the source text in different ways. Alfred and Wærferth reveal their identities as translators and make claims for their own authority while the translator of the Old English Bede relies on the authority of Bede himself; Alfred and Wærferth argue for the ability of Old English to render Latin, while the translator of the Old English Bede simply provides a text in Old English.
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Gunn, Nikolas. "Translating the Gospel in Viking Age England: The Evidence from Two Old Norse Loan Translations from Old English." Anglia 137, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 527–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2019-0052.

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Abstract A recent resurgence of interest in Old Norse linguistic borrowings in Old English has greatly expanded our knowledge of the contact situation between these two speech communities in the early medieval period and beyond. However, there are a significant number of words that have been considered borrowings in the “other” direction, i. e. from Old English to Old Norse, which have not attracted the same amount of attention in current scholarship. Much of this material requires reassessment and this paper provides a case study of two parallel compound formations in both languages – OE bærsynnig [mann]/ON bersynðugr [maðr] (‘one who is openly sinful; publican’), and OE healsbōc/ON hálsbók (‘phylactery, amulet’, lit. ‘neck-book’) – that have traditionally been considered loan translations from Old English to Old Norse with little evidence other than their formation from cognate elements. In the absence of clear-cut linguistic criteria for identifying loan translations between these two closely related languages, this paper draws on a range of literary evidence to argue for a strong likelihood of a relationship between the two compounds. Both words offer important evidence for biblical translation practices, and contribute to our knowledge about the Christianisation of Norse speaking peoples and Anglo-Norse language contact in Viking Age England.
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Gumaa Siddiek, Ahmed. "Linguistic Precautions that to be Considered when Translating the Holy Quran." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.2p.103.

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The present study is an attempt to raise some points that should be considered when translating the Quranic Text into English. We have looked into some samples of translations, selected from well known English translations of the Holy Quran and critically examined them. There were some errors in those translations, due to linguistic factors, owing to the differences between the Arabic and the English Language systems. Some errors were due to the cultural background of the translator which intentionally or unintentionally has affected the translation. Many samples were discussed and suggestions for corrections were made. Then further recommendations were given to be used as guidelines for similar future attempts. We concluded that the simulation of old words in drafting a translation does not fit with the English language as a target language. As this use of archaic stylistics would lead to further complications, which makes the language of translation look strange and complicated
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SLAVOVA, Liudmyla, and Maryna VOZNA. "ETHNIC AND CULTURAL NATURE OF HISTORICAL – TERMINOLOGY: THE COMPARATIVE AND TRANSLATION ASPECTS (based on historical terms of antiquity and Old Rus period)." Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, no. 71(1) (2022): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2022.1.10.

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The article looks into the comparative and translational aspects of historical terms as a group of special professional words used by historians in both English and Ukrainian academic texts to describe one particular period in Ukrainian history, that of antiquity and Old Rus. Different groups of historical terminology were identified in original Ukrainian and English texts on this period, such as proper names, names to denote items of material culture, social and military status, rank at the royal court, social and religious processes and phenomena. Particular attention was given to those names that denote culture- and period-specific concepts of the described time-period in Ukrainian history. English translations of Ukrainian historical terminology were studied based on non-numerous existing translations from Ukrainian, which were then compared to the approaches used by native English-speaking academics. For those concepts where no equivalents could be found, the authors have offered their own translations. Conclusions were made about the prevailing methods of rendering different classes of historical terms into English, including culture-specific terms which were found in each terminological group. Such culture-specific Ukrainian terminology is rendered into English redominantly via combined renomination, which combines phonological and/or orthographic adaptation and description or via description only. Other methods have been discussed, such as translation by equivalent, loan translation and analogous translation, which were applied to both non-culture specific and culture-specific terminology. Identifying a lexical unit as belonging to one of those groups helps with determining its translation method. Conclusions have been drawn about the general nature of historical terminology, which from the translation point of view can be divided into two big groups: terms denoting universal historical notions and culture-specific historical terms.
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Aritonang, Yuni Haryati, and Yokhebed Tampone. "AN ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN NOVEL “THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA” into the Indonesian Language." JEELL (Journal of English Education, Linguistics and Literature) English Department of STKIP PGRI Jombang 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32682/jeell.v8i2.2158.

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This research is an attempt to describe and analyze English and Indonesian focused on interrogative sentences of the novel “The Old Man and The Sea” by considering the similarities and differences in the shape and function of sentences in both languages. This research, including research on the translation and accuracy of English question sentences to Indonesian. This research aims to (1) to find out the differences and similarities between the form and function of the question sentence in English and the form and function of the question sentence in Indonesian, (2) To find out the results of the analysis of question sentences according to the “QUASM” pattern and (3) to find out the types of question sentences from the novel above. The research method used is qualitatively descriptive. Data was collected from English novels and their Indonesian translations. The number of question sentence data is 99 sentences of which only 24 sentences correspond to the structure and components of “QUASM”. In English the question word has 3 forms, namely: yes/ no question, tag question, and wh-question while in Indonesian only have one form that is to uses the question words what, who, when, why, where, and how. The results of the data analysis showed that not all question sentences in English have the right translation when viewed from the Indonesian translation. Some translations of question sentences in English novels are seen in Indonesian novels will be turned into statement sentences and otherwise
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Hudson, Marc. "A Somber Glory: Two Books of Translations from the Old English." Sewanee Review 121, no. 2 (2013): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.2013.0035.

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Markiewka, Tomasz. "Przepisywanie Beowulfa: J.R.R. Tolkiena meandry przekładu." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 24, no. 40 (June 30, 2018): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.24.2018.40.03.

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Rewriting Boewulf: J.R.R. Tolkien’s Meandering Translation J.R.R. Tolkien’s works related to translation include both translations and adaptations in the form of pastiche. All of them have been published as posthumous editions, equipped with detailed critical commentaries and edited by the writer’s son, Christopher Tolkien. Among recent publications in English and Polish, one that deserves particular attention is a 1926 prose translation of the Old English poem Beowulf (2014, Polish ed. 2015). This edition presents Tolkien performing a few roles, acting as a translator, translation critic, editor, commentator, literary scholar, linguist, and creative writer. In fact, “translation” becomes a textual hybrid in which one can observe the work of a translator from the initial phase of close reading of a source text through three variants of prose translation (two from 1926 and one from 1942); alternative fragmentar translations in alliterative verse; a detailed philological and cultural commentary composed of lecture notes; original literary works inspired by Beowulf, which include the short story Sellic Spell (in two English versions and as a back translation into Old English); and two versions of the original poem The Lay of Beowulf. As a result, the 2014 edition of Tolkien’s Beowulf realizes the ideal of a translation once described by Vladimir Nabokov: the text of translation emerges from multilayered commentary, which, in Tolkien’s work, crosses the boundaries of languages and genres.
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Solopova, Elizabeth. "From Bede to Wyclif: The Knowledge of Old English within the Context of Late Middle English Biblical Translation and Beyond." Review of English Studies 71, no. 302 (December 10, 2019): 805–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgz134.

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Abstract The continuity between Old and Middle English periods has been a matter of interest and debate in the field of medieval studies. Though it is widely accepted that Old English texts continued to be copied and used in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the possibility that they were collected, read and studied, and influenced scholars and religious thinkers in late medieval England is often rejected as implausible. The reason most commonly given is the difficulty of understanding the Old English language in the late Middle Ages. The present article aims to reassess this view and re-examine evidence for the reading and use of Old English texts in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries with a primary focus on biblical translation. The article explores the possibility that Middle English glosses that occur in Old English sermon and biblical manuscripts reflect a scholarly interest in these texts, rather than a struggle to understand their language. The article also examines evidence that the translators of the Wycliffite Bible may have had some familiarity with Old English biblical translations, possibly as a result of study of biblical and sermon manuscripts.
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Sekret, Iryna. "Strategies of conveying metaphors in political discourse: analysis of the Turkish translations of George Orwell's “Animal Farm”." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 6, no. 4 (May 18, 2020): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v6n4.911.

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Translating metaphor and metaphoric expressions is one of the disputable problems in translation studies due to the conceptual discrepancies which exist between the source culture and the target readership, moreover, if the metaphor plays a crucial role in creating an appeal to the reader as in the political text. In this respect, it is under the discussion of how to deal with a metaphor when translating political discourse, and what are the dominating strategies and traditions of translating metaphoric units in Turkish translations. Caused by the theoretical and practical urgency of the problem, this paper is aimed to analyze strategies of conveying metaphors from English to Turkish based on the novel “Animal Farm” by George Orwell and its Turkish translations by Sedat Demir and Celal Üster. To achieve the aims of the research the efforts were undertaken to compare the original text with its two different translations. For the precise analysis, Old Major’s speech was thoroughly scrutinized on the point of the metaphoric expressions in the text and their correspondences in the Turkish translations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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Kilpiö, Matti. "Passive constructions in Old English translations from Latin : with special reference to the OE Bede and the "Pastoral care /." Helsinki : Société Néophilologique, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35465368n.

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Smith, Andrea Beth. "Old English words for Old Testament law : the evidence of the anonymous parts of the Old English Hexateuch and other literal translations of Latin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252651.

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Sinar, Rebecca. "A history of English reflexives : from Old English into Early Modern English." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11018/.

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Haraldsson, Mathilda. "Pippi Longstocking: Differences in the translations from Swedish to English, from 1950 and 2007 : A structural comparison of two different translations of Pippi Longstocking from Swedish to English." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25634.

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This study focuses on comparing two different versions of Pippi Longstocking translated into English on a structural level. With the help of the research of the known linguistics John Catford and Paul Vinay & Jean-Louis Darbelnet, we compare how the two different translators, Tiina Nunnally (2007) and Florence Lamborn (1950) have translated the same book. This study compares these two translations for grammatical features and word choices on a structural level, for example use of verb tense and differences in Vinay & Darbelnet’s modulation. It also studies how the translators have done differently regarding Catford’s structural shifts. The essay also briefly looks at the cultural differences between the countries and how they have been translated. The aim of this project is not to determine which translation is better, but to compare and describe any differences and similarities found. It will look at how the two translators have handled the same problems differently (or similarly). The translations by Florence Lamborn and Tiina Nunnally have much in common, but in our result and analysis we present the differences.
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Craven-Bartle, Peltola Cecilia. "Changes in the Syntactic Structure in Translations from English into Swedish." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Humanities, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2130.

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The purpose of this essay is to study how the major syntactic structure is affected when a literary text is translated from English into Swedish. That is, to study what operations take place and the frequency of the different operations in a translation. The purpose is also to see how much the freedom of translation varies between different translators.

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Hawley, Kenneth Carr. "The Boethian vision of eternity in Old, Middle, and Early Modern English translations of De consolatione philosophiæ." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/731.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2007.
Title from document title page (viewed on March 25, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: vi, 318 p. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 304-316).
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Hawley, Kenneth Carr. "THE BOETHIAN VISION OF ETERNITY IN OLD, MIDDLE, AND EARLY MODERN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHI." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/564.

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While this analysis of the Old, Middle, and Early Modern English translations of De Consolatione Philosophiandamp;aelig; provides a brief reception history and an overview of the critical tradition surrounding each version, its focus is upon how these renderings present particular moments that offer the consolation of eternity, especially since such passages typify the work as a whole. For Boethius, confused and conflicting views on fame, fortune, happiness, good and evil, fate, free will, necessity, foreknowledge, and providence are only capable of clarity and resolution to the degree that one attains to knowledge of the divine mind and especially to knowledge like that of the divine mind, which alone possesses a perfectly eternal perspective. Thus, as it draws upon such fundamentally Boethian passages on the eternal Prime Mover, this study demonstrates how the translators have negotiated linguistic, literary, cultural, religious, and political expectations and forces as they have presented their own particular versions of the Boethian vision of eternity. Even though the text has been understood, accepted, and appropriated in such divergent ways over the centuries, the Boethian vision of eternity has held his Consolations arguments together and undergirded all of its most pivotal positions, without disturbing or compromising the philosophical, secular, academic, or religious approaches to the work, as readers from across the ideological, theological, doctrinal, and political spectra have appreciated and endorsed the nature and the implications of divine eternity. It is the consolation of eternity that has been cast so consistently and so faithfully into Old, Middle, and Early Modern English, regardless of form and irrespective of situation or background. For whether in prose and verse, all-prose, or all-verse, and whether by a Catholic, a Protestant, a king, a queen, an author, or a scholar, each translation has presented the texts central narrative: as Boethius the character is educated by the figure of Lady Philosophy, his eyes are turned away from the earth and into the heavens, moving him and his mind from confusion to clarity, from forgetfulness to remembrance, from reason to intelligence, and thus from time to eternity.
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Artamonova, Maria. "Word Order Variation in Late Old English Texts: With Special Reference to the Evidence of Translations and Revisions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486970.

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The aims of the thesis are threefold: to investigate the amount of syntactic variation in late Old English prose texts; to assess the relation of these texts to their Latin originals and their usefulness for studies of Old English word order; and, finally, to describe individual stylistic peculiarities of these texts _and their impact on the resulting formal descriptions. The study focuses on two main kinds of text: Old English translations from Latin (including continuous glosses), which allow a close comparison of Latin and English wordorder principles; and revisions or adaptations of earlier Old English texts, which allow analysis of the changes made by different vernacular writers. The key text for the analysis is the Old English Rule of St. Benedict, its subsequent revisions and the comparable contemporary texts like the Rule of Chrodegang and the Capitula Theodulfi. A number of other texts, ranging from Early Old English to Early Middle English, have also been discussed. Each text has been subjected to a close analysis which considers the distribution of word order patterns within a wider context involving the circumstances of composition, c9Pying and revision, the relation of the texts to the manuscripts they survive in, the possible aims of translation/revision, and (for translated texts) the amount of our knowledge concerning the possible original. The method therefore entails both the presence of a large representative corpus and a detailed analysis combining the linguistic and philological data with the information from palaeography and textual history. The main conclusions that follow from such an analysis are that large-scale variation can be observed even within a narrow genre of ecclesiastical rule. iEthelwold's translation of the Rule of St. Benedict emerges as a text whose idiosyncratic word order cannot be attributed to the influence of the Latin original or any other factors apart from personal style. It is also significant that although attempts have been made to revise this translation, its word order was largely left intact. . Another important conclusion is that only a few syntactic peculiarities of the Old English translations can be attributed to the influence oftheir Latin originals. Even with rare and unusual patterns, Latin influence can be at most questionable. Thethesis is written within the framework of traditional grammar. Its ultimate aim is to provide information and material to as wide an audience as possible, including scholars of literature, historical linguistics and comparative philology, whatever their theoretical_background may be. It takes into account studies by both traditional and generative grammarians, including the most recent work, but it does not make any commitments to Particular theories.
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Fröderberg, Shaiek Christopher. "Copy of a Copy? : Indirect Translations from Bengali into Swedish Translated via English." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170433.

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This study investigates indirect translations translated from Bengali source texts to Swedish target texts via English intermediary texts by comparing Pedersen’s (2011) Extralinguistic Cultural References in coupled pairs from all three languages. The purpose of this study is to examine how indirect translations differ from direct translations and to discern whether there are specific translation strategies that translators use when transferring Extralinguistic Cultural References (ECRs) from a third language. The results were analyzed with a perspective based on translation norms, previous research into indirect translation, and the concept of foreignization/domestication in mind. The results show that an indirect translation can be closer to the original source text than the intermediary text it was based on in the first place. This was demonstrated with the Swedish TTs displaying more source-oriented transfer strategies compared to the English ITs, which displayed a higher amount of target-oriented strategies used by the translators. An unexpected finding was noted in the analysis material, namely that misunderstandings or deviations present in the ITs were not necessarily transferred to the TTs, which goes against previous research into indirect translations (cf. Dollerup 2000; Tegelberg 2011; Ringmar 2016). This supports similar results as found in Adler (2016) and Hekkanen (2014). In conclusion, the results suggest that the tendency of high-prestige literature resulting in adequate translations would be stronger than the tendency of indirect translations resulting in acceptable translations in the context of the Swedish target system. The source-oriented strategies in the TTs could also be seen as resistancy to target norms by the translators to create foreignizing translations.
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馮陳善奇 and Sydney S. K. Fung. "The poetry of Han-shan in English: a culturalapproach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31224386.

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Books on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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J, Bradley S. A., ed. Anglo-Saxon poetry: An anthology of Old English poems in prose translation. London: Dent, 1995.

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Unlikeness is us: Fourteen from the Exeter book. Kentville, Nova Scotia: Gaspereau Press, Printers & Publishers, 2018.

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Old Testament and Christian preaching. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1986.

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1939-, Glassgold Peter, ed. Hwæt!: A little Old English anthology of American modernist poetry. Washington, D.C: Sun & Moon Press, 1985.

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E, Nicholson Lewis, ed. The Vercelli book homilies: Translations from the Anglo-Saxon. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1991.

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The old man and the medal. London: Heinemann, 1988.

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You, Lu. The old man who does as he pleases: Selections from the poetry and prose of Lu Yu. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994.

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1827-1914, Joyce P. W., ed. Old Celtic romances: Tales from Irish mythology. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2001.

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M, Hunter Thomas, ed. Blossoms of longing: Ancient verses of love and lament : translations from the Old Javanese. Jakarta: Lontar Foundation, 1998.

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Ann, Selby Martha, ed. The circle of six seasons: A selection from old Tamil, Prākrit, and Sanskrit poetry. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Old English." In From Old English to Standard English, 15–42. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21925-4_2.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Old English (I)." In From Old English to Standard English, 21–54. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26665-4_3.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Old English (II)." In From Old English to Standard English, 55–75. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26665-4_4.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Old English (I)." In From Old English to Standard English, 25–60. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-20768-4_3.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Old English (II)." In From Old English to Standard English, 61–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-20768-4_4.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "From Old English to Middle English." In From Old English to Standard English, 43–58. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21925-4_3.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "From Old English to Middle English." In From Old English to Standard English, 76–97. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26665-4_5.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "From Old English to Middle English." In From Old English to Standard English, 83–107. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-20768-4_5.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "The English language is brought to Britain." In From Old English to Standard English, 1–14. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21925-4_1.

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Freeborn, Dennis. "Early Modern English III — the seventeenth century." In From Old English to Standard English, 142–79. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21925-4_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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Matkovska, M. V. "Transformations in the translation of Beowulf from Old English to present-day English." In PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND TRANSLATION STUDIES: EUROPEAN POTENTIAL. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-110-7-35.

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Rapp, Reinhard. "Automatic identification of word translations from unrelated English and German corpora." In the 37th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1034678.1034756.

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Seliverstova, Elena A., and Natalya N. Beklemesheva. "IVAN BUNIN. “THE GENTLEMAN FROM SAN-FRANSISCO”: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS." In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-276-288.

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The paper aims to study and compare English translations of Ivan Bunin's novella “The Gentleman from San Francisco” (1915). Analysis is based on translations of different time periods: D.G. Lawrence and S.S. Kotelyansky (1917), A. Yarmolinsky (1918), B. Guerney (1923), T. Seltzer (1925), and D. Richards (1987). The works of I. Bunin have always had an appeal to translators, who tried to rise to the challenge of capturing Bunin’s idiosyncrasy in the English language.
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Trajkovska, Vesna, Saše Gerasimoski, and Snežana Nikodinovska-Stefanovska. "Anal ysing Macedonian Translations of English Terms Related to Private Security." In Twelfth Biennial International Conference Criminal Justice and Security in Central and Eastern Europe: From Common Sense to Evidence-based Policy–making. University of Maribor Pres, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-174-2.32.

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Shenassa, Mohammad Ebrahim, and Mohammad Javad Khalvandi. "Evaluation of different English translations of Holy Koran in scope of verb process type." In Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications (ICTTA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictta.2008.4530013.

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Hamadate, Naoya, Keiichi Watanuki, and Kazunori Kaede. "Confidence Estimation in Multiple Choice Questions Using Eye Movements." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001801.

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In recent years, with the spread of electronic devices, e-learning has become a common form of learning, especially among students and other young people. One of the most common forms of e-learning is multiple-choice questions. While multiple-choice questions allow the learner to grasp the answer instantaneously and reliably, they also allow the learner to answer correctly by guesswork or chance, which may cause the learner to ignore content that should be reviewed. Therefore, it is important to estimate the confidence level from the learner's mental information. Eye movements are often used as a method of ascertaining learners' mental information. Previous studies have suggested that saccades are effective in discriminating comprehension of sentences, and pupil size is effective in evaluating English word acquisition. In addition, it has been confirmed that the fixation of multiple choice questions changes depending on the learner's confidence level. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between eye movements, such as saccades and pupil size, and the level of confidence in multiple-choice questions. As an experiment, we measured eye movements using four-choice questions on Japanese translation of English words. Thirty questions were designed to have varying degrees of difficulty. A tabletop eye movement measurement device was used for eye tracking. The flow of one trial is described below. The participant gazed at the English word on the monitor for 5 seconds. After that, four choices were displayed on the monitor, and the participants answered the questions. The participants were instructed to answer the question immediately after the choice was decided. Finally, a post-questionnaire was conducted. In the post-questionnaire, the participants were asked to answer one of the following questions: "I could answer the question without any choice," "I knew the answer by looking at the choices," "I did not know the answer but guessed from the choices," or "I do not know the answer at all. The experiment was conducted on seven Japanese male university students (23.3±1.6 years old) in a random order of 30 trials each. Saccade frequency and mean pupil size were used as evaluation indices. The percentage of fixation time in the answer choices was also evaluated based on previous studies. The confidence level was defined as "recall," "recognition," "guess," and "intuition," in descending order based on the responses to the post-questionnaire, and classified into four groups. The results of multiple comparison tests showed that the percentage of fixation time of the answer choices was significantly larger when the answer choice was "recall" than when the answer choice was "guess. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in saccade frequency and mean pupil size. The reason for the lack of differences may be that there were some trials in which the pupil size did not change because the time to answer the questions was too short. Therefore, as an experiment for improvement, we changed the contents of the multiple-choice questions and are studying the contents of questions that require more time. By increasing the answer time, we expect to see different characteristics of eye movements depending on the level of confidence from the previous experiment.
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Lin, Xijin. "A Comparative Study of Translations of the Word “Junzi” into English from the Perspective of Cultural Communication." In 8th International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Inter-cultural Communication (ICELAIC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220306.007.

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Mihaila, Ramona. "TRANSCULTURAL CONTEXTS: NETWORKS OF LITERARY TRANSLATIONS." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-167.

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While in the Western societies the act of translating was a phenomenon that had a powerful tradition which started long before the sixteenth century, in the Romanian Principalities the first timid attempts were recorded at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Taking into account the translations accomplished by the nineteenth Romanian women writers and the large range of languages (French, Italian, Greek, Latin, German, English, Spanish) they used, I have tried to “discover” and “revive” as many women writers as I could, first of all by focusing all my attention on the works of the neglected women (writers) translators. The present research, which limits only to Romanian women writers that translated writings of foreign women authors, needs also a special attention to finding biographical data about the translators since a lot of them used pen names (few writers used even more than three pen names) or signed their writing or translations only with the initial letters of their names, especially for the works published in installments. There is a significant amount of research in order to bring to light all the translated works since most of them can be found only in (incomplete) issues of journals, almanacs, literary magazines, theatre’s journals, or manuscripts. By using the international database Women Writers in History we may involve researchers and students from many European countries in contributing with important information concerning their women writers. There are also negotiations with national libraries in 25 countries around Europe in order to get partners for this database which offers open access.
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Meng, Fandong, Zhaopeng Tu, Yong Cheng, Haiyang Wu, Junjie Zhai, Yuekui Yang, and Di Wang. "Neural Machine Translation with Key-Value Memory-Augmented Attention." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/357.

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Although attention-based Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has achieved remarkable progress in recent years, it still suffers from issues of repeating and dropping translations. To alleviate these issues, we propose a novel key-value memory-augmented attention model for NMT, called KVMEMATT. Specifically, we maintain a timely updated keymemory to keep track of attention history and a fixed value-memory to store the representation of source sentence throughout the whole translation process. Via nontrivial transformations and iterative interactions between the two memories, the decoder focuses on more appropriate source word(s) for predicting the next target word at each decoding step, therefore can improve the adequacy of translations. Experimental results on Chinese)English and WMT17 German,English translation tasks demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model.
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AVORNICESEI, Oana-Florina. "JAPANESE PROVERBS BETWEEN EQUIVALENCE AND COMPARATIVE TRANSLATION FROM JAPANESE AND ENGLISH INTO ROMANIAN. AN ANALYSIS FROM THE SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC POINT OF VIEW." In Synergies in Communication. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/04.03.

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The current paper takes a comparative look at a selection of Japanese proverbs and their translation into English to their Romanian equivalents. The English translation belongs to David Galeff, the author of the book ‘Japanese Proverbs. Wit and Wisdom’ from which stems the selection of proverbs which are the object of the current analysis. The Romanian translation applies two methods. It tries to find an equivalent in Romanian, both in terms of wit i.e. wording or sense and in terms of wisdom i.e. meaning or reference. As such the two perspectives of analysis are semantic and pragmatic. The aim is firstly to find an equivalent in meaning and reference to a relevant wisdom inspired by reality and life. If such an equivalent is not found, alternative translations are attempted using other translation procedures, such as modulation or even adaptation. The theoretical framework used is the one Vinay and Dalbernet outlined in their ‘Comparative Stylistics of French and English: A Methodology for Translation’. This is a translational attempt to look towards the East and towards the West and see how different and how similar they are in the way they understand life and express that understanding. The aim of the analysis is to see to what extent it can identify corresponding ways of wording or equivalent forms of expression in Romanian for the wit and the wisdom incapsulated in the Japanese proverbs, via the English language
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Reports on the topic "Translations from Old English"

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Shaba, Varteen Hannah. Translating North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Idioms into English. Institute of Development Studies, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2023.002.

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North-eastern Neo-Aramaic (also known as NENA) languages and literature are a prosperous and encouraging field of research. They abound with oral traditions and expressions that incorporate various spoken forms including everyday language, tales, songs, chants, prayers, proverbs, and more. These are used to transfer culture, knowledge, and community values. Some types of oral forms are idioms and fixed expressions. Idioms are extremely problematic to translate for a number of reasons, including: cultural and linguistic differences between languages; their specific connection to cultural practices and interpretations, and the difficulty of transferring the same meanings and connotations into another language with accuracy. This paper explores how to define and classify idioms, and suggests specific strategies and procedures to translate idioms from the NENA dialect Bartella (a local Aramaic dialect in Nineveh Plain) into English – as proposed by Baker (1992: 63–78). Data collection is based on 15 idioms in Bartella dialect taken from the heritage play Khlola d baretle teqta (Wedding in the old Bartella). The findings revealed that only three strategies are helpful to transfer particular cultural conceptualisations: using an idiom of similar meaning and form; using an idiom of similar meaning but different form, and translation by paraphrasing. Based on the findings, the author provides individuals and institutions with suggestions on how to save endangered languages and dialects, particularly with regard to the religious minorities’ heritage. Key among these recommendations is encouraging researchers and scholars to direct translation projects and activities towards preserving minority languages with their oral heritage and cultural expressions, which are susceptible to extinction.
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