Journal articles: 'Transitoriety'

1

Silles, Eduardo, Hugo Osorio, Rita Maia, María A. Günther Sillero, and Antonio Sillero. "Micromolar HgCl2concentrations transitorily duplicate the ATP level inSaccharomyces cerevisiaecells." FEBS Letters 579, no. 19 (July 1, 2005): 4044–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2005.06.017.

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D'Incerti, L., E. Fallica, G. Avanzini, M. Casazza, S. Franceschetti, E. Maccagnano, P. Vitali, and F. Villani. "Alterazioni transitorie di risonanza magnetica nell'epilessia del lobo temporale." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 16, no. 1_suppl (May 2003): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009030160s196.

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Toso, V. "Ischemie cerebrali transitorie: è possibile una operatività diagnostica dipartimentale?" Rivista di Neuroradiologia 2, no. 1 (February 1989): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140098900200101.

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Gökyigit, A., H. A. I̊drisoǧlu, Z. Ender, V. Yayla, and A. Çalişkan. "Anormalità transitorie alla TC dopo crisi epilettiche motorie focali." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 2, no. 2 (June 1989): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140098900200210.

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In questo articolo vengono presentati tre pazienti epilettici con anormalità transitorie alla tomografia computerizzata. In due pazienti con crisi motorie focali ripetitive, si sono osservate lesioni encefaliche ipodense localizzate, evidenti alla TC eseguita ad alcune ore e a otto giorni dall'ultimo attacco. Nel terzo paziente, la TC eseguita nel quattordicesimo giorno di crisi continue dimostrò un'area locale di ipervascolarizzazione. Queste anormalità TC, the suggerivano all'inizio un tumore o un infarto o una malformazione arterovenosa disparvero completamente dopo un periodo da 45 giorni a 5 mesi. Alterazioni tomodensitometriche focali postictali transitorie, dovute forse ad interruzioni locali della barriera emato-encefalica e a vasodilatazione localizzata, sono di rara documentazione. Uno studio TC ripetuto è indicato prima di procedere a studi diagnostici più invasivi, su questi pazienti.

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Pesic, V., K. Radojevic, D. Kosec, B. Plecas-Solarovic, M. Perisic, I. Pilipovic, and G. Leposavic. "Peripubertal orchidectomy transitorily affects age-associated thymic involution in rats." Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 40, no. 11 (November 2007): 1481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x2007001100009.

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Clauss, C., A. Dominguez-Rodriguez, and J. Castaing. "Chemical diffusion for CoO and Cu2O deduced from creep transitories." Revue de Physique Appliquée 21, no. 6 (1986): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:01986002106034300.

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Castagnini, Augusto C. "Sul concetto di psicosi reattiva nella psichiatria europea del XX secolo." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 3 (November 2010): 129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2010-003010.

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Nei primi decenni del XX secolo lo psichiatra danese August Wimmer (1872-1937) descrisse il concetto di psicosi "psicogena" o "reattiva" come categoria nosologica distinta dalla schizofrenia e dalla psicosi maniaco-depressiva, comprendente molteplici forme cliniche di tipo affettivo, confusionale e paranoide indotte da "traumi emotivi". Questo articolo ricostruisce il significato della psicosi reattiva, ne traccia l'evoluzione storico-concettuale per poi discutere le implicazioni derivanti dall'uso delle categorie introdotte nelle moderne classificazioni psichiatriche in sostituzione di tale diagnosi, in particolare il paradigma delle "Sindromi psicotiche acute e transitorie" della vigente Classificazione Internazionale dei Disturbi Psichici e Comportamentali (ICD-10). Tali mutamenti riflettono le trasformazioni dei modelli e degli schemi classificativi dei disturbi psicotici e illustrano lo sviluppo non sempre lineare della nosografia psichiatrica nell'arco del XX secolo. Le sindromi psicotiche acute e transitorie costituiscono una categoria composita in sostanziale discontinuitŕ con la diagnosi di psicosi reattiva.

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Caputo, N., A. Casasco, C. Chiurulla, R. Scaroni, L. Parnetti, M. Quadrelli, and E. Signorini. "Afasia ed emiparesi transitorie dopo occlusione endovascolare di fistola carotido-cavernosa spontanea." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 7, no. 1 (February 1994): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099400700119.

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Gli autori descrivono un caso di fistola carotido-cavernosa spontanea trattata con embolizzazione endoarteriosa che ha presentato un episodio di afasia ed emiparesi controlaterale transitori, sostenuti da edema temporale documentato alla TC e rialzo dei valori pressori. Il quadro clinico ed i reperti TC si sono normalizzati in 24 ore con terapia anti-edema e anti-ipertensiva. Vengono discussi i possibili meccanismi eziopato-genetici alla base dell'edema cerebrale responsabile delle transitorie complicazioni presentate dal paziente.

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Costa, A., D. Mamoli, A. Erbetta, G. Avanzini, S. Binelli, D. Battino, and M. Savoiardo. "Alterazioni di segnale talamiche transitorie alla RM in corso di attività epilettica focale frontale." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 14, no. 3_suppl (December 2001): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009010140s317.

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10

Buttafarro, Marinella, and Giuseppe Currieri. "Terapeuti tra gli specchi." RIVISTA DI PSICOTERAPIA RELAZIONALE, no. 35 (July 2012): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pr2012-035005.

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In terapia, la coppia coterapeutica č coinvolta in un gioco di rispecchiamenti che evidenzia l'esistenza di isomorfismi all'interno dei sistemi di cui fa parte: coterapeutico, terapeutico, famiglia d'origine, terapeuta/partner e sistema di supervisione. Ne consegue che la differenziazione del terapeuta influenza le relazioni dei sistemi di cui fa parte. Queste perturbazioni creano tensioni tali da provocare nelle relazioni eventuali rimodulazioni, rotture transitorie o permanenti. I cambiamenti prodotti, nei sistemi extraterapeutici organizzati come sistemi complessi, si ripercuotono nel percorso terapeutico e viceversa in modo ricorsivo.

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Marsollier, Laurent, Tchibozo Sévérin, Jacques Aubry, Richard W. Merritt, Jean-Paul Saint André, Pierre Legras, Anne-Lise Manceau, Annick Chauty, Bernard Carbonnelle, and Stewart T. Cole. "Aquatic Snails, Passive Hosts of Mycobacterium ulcerans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 10 (October 2004): 6296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.10.6296-6298.2004.

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ABSTRACT Accumulative indirect evidence of the epidemiology of Mycobacterium ulcerans infections causing chronic skin ulcers (i.e., Buruli ulcer disease) suggests that the development of this pathogen and its transmission to humans are related predominantly to aquatic environments. We report that snails could transitorily harbor M. ulcerans without offering favorable conditions for its growth and replication. A novel intermediate link in the transmission chain of M. ulcerans becomes likely with predator aquatic insects in addition to phytophage insects. Water bugs, such as Naucoris cimicoides, a potential vector of M. ulcerans, were shown to be infected specifically by this bacterium after feeding on snails experimentally exposed to M. ulcerans.

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12

Riefolo, Giuseppe. "La bellezza delle cure. Departures (Giappone 2008), di Yojiro Takita." PSICOBIETTIVO, no. 1 (April 2011): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psob2011-001011.

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Il film "Departures" (2008) permette di riflettere sui percorsi delle cure psicologiche e soprattutto sulla possibilitŕ che nelle cure, indipendentemente dalle caratteristiche della sofferenza e della gravitŕ dei pazienti, l'obiettivo sia la continua ricerca della bellezza. Il film propone che la bellezza si possa trovare sempre anche se ci si occupa di temi terribili e dolorosi. Si propone, quindi, che la bellezza sia unche vada distinto dalla bellezza comestatica degli oggetti: la prima č una continua ricerca di configurazioni transitorie in cui si compiono trasformazioni, mentre la seconda paralizza il Sé in una magica configurazione in cui un oggetto bello puň sostituire ogni ricerca di bellezza.

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13

Loda, Mirella, and Matteo Puttilli. "History (still) to eat. L' impatto della pandemia sul settore della ristorazione nel centro storico di Firenze." RIVISTA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA, no. 4 (December 2022): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rgioa4-2022oa14992.

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Specialmente nei centri storici delle città d'arte, il settore della ristorazione è stato uno dei comparti economici dove più si sono avvertiti gli effetti delle misure contenitive della pandemia di Covid-19, interrompendo almeno temporaneamente un processo espansivo che in precedenti lavori si era definito come foodification. Tale concetto esprimeva una più ampia trasformazione funzionale delle aree centrali in luoghi sempre più marcatamente dedicati al loisir e a esperienze connotate dalla transitorietà, e dove il target di riferimento era incarnato in larga misura da visitatori e frequentatori occasionali. A partire dall'analisi dei dati raccolti su un arco quasi ventennale e ulteriormente aggiornati nell'ultimo biennio, il contributo analizza l'impatto della pandemia sul settore della ristorazione nel centro storico di Firenze e si interroga sui possibili scenari post-pandemici. I risultati, che mostrano la complessiva tenuta del settore, rivelano il carattere ormai fisiologico e non controvertibile dei processi di rifunzionalizzazione in atto nei centri storici; nondimeno, si suggeriscono alcune soluzioni per contenerne gli effetti maggiormente distorsivi.

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Chave, Marie, Patrice Crozilhac, Péninna Deberdt, Katia Plouznikoff, and Stéphane Declerck. "Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 transitorily reduces tomato bacterial wilt incidence caused by Ralstonia solanacearum under in vitro conditions." Mycorrhiza 27, no. 7 (June 5, 2017): 719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-017-0783-y.

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15

Damascos, Maria Angélica, Carlos Cesar Ronquim, and Carlos Henrique Britto Assis Prado. "Gas exchange and plant growth after defoliation on Leandra lacunosa, a cerrado woody species with continuous leaf production." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, no. 6 (November 2005): 967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000800013.

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Morphological and physiological leaf traits were studied on control and defoliated potted Leandra lacunosa young plants. After defoliation, remaining bottom leaves showed no significant change in net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance values with time, but the leaf transpiration rate was higher. The production of the new leaves was greater after defoliation in top defoliated plants. Bottom defoliated plants increased stem extension rates and net photosynthesis transitorily. Two months after defoliation, control and defoliated plants did not differ in stem length and root dry mass values. In spite of smaller area and photosynthetic capacity, remaining bottom leaves were able to compensate top leaves elimination. The effectiveness of this compensatory response, however, depended on the ability of new leaves to escape from herbivores.

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16

Wertheimer, J. "Affective Disorders and Organic Mental Disorders." International Psychogeriatrics 3, S1 (March 1991): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610205001109.

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Depression in old patients can be isolated or associated with dementia. In the first instance signs and symptoms sometimes mimic a demented state: disinterest, lack of initiative, mnesic complaints, slowing of thinking, learning difficulties. The EEG and the CT scan are useful in differential diagnosis, the value of the neuropsychological evaluation being compromised by lack of cooperation. In the second case the consequences of depression vary according to degree of severity of the dementia. In mild cases it can transitorily increase memory disturbances. In moderate and severe levels we see more regressive behavior. Sometimes we must wait for the therapeutic effects of antidepressant medication before we can establish the diagnosis with finality. The diagnosis of “pseudo-dementia” is only a provisional concept.

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17

Durand, Pascale, Afeda Benyagoub, and Daniel Prieur. "Numerical taxonomy of heterotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from southwestern Pacific hydrothermal vents." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 8 (August 1, 1994): 690–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-110.

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Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (n = 161) were enriched and isolated from samples of vent water, invertebrates, and chimney rocks collected at two deep-sea hydrothermal vents (2000 m) in back-arc basins from the southwestern Pacific: the North Fiji Basin and the Lau Basin. Several types of heterotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were repeatedly isolated. They oxidized thiosulfate either to sulfate (acid producing) or to polythionate (base producing). In most of the acid-producing cultures, thiosulfate was transitorily oxidized to polythionate. All of the bacteria were Gram negative, 37% were fermentative, and 88% were denitrifiers or nitrate reducers. Numerical taxonomy and analysis of the G+C content showed that they belong to several genera including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Vibrio.Key words: hydrothermal vent, culturable thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria, numerical taxonomy.

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18

Nie, Xuguang. "Developmentally Regulated Expression of Msx1, Msx2 and Fgfs in the Developing Mouse Cranial Base." Angle Orthodontist 76, no. 6 (November 1, 2006): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082305-298.

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Abstract Objective: To examine the expression pattern of the Fgf and Msx genes in cranial base development. Materials and Methods: To detect the expression of these genes, antisense riboprobes were synthesized by in vitro transcription. Radioactive in situ hybridization was performed on parasagittal sections of embryonic mouse heads. Results: Msx2 was observed in the underlying perichondrium at restricted stages. Msx1 was not observed in cranial base development. Fgf1 was localized in osteogenic cells from the time of ossification; Fgf10 was highly expressed in the occipital-vertebral joint during E13 to E14; Fgf2, Fgf7, and Fgf18 were localized in the perichondria; Fgf12 was transitorily expressed at early chondrocranium; Fgf9 was seen in the hypertrophic chondrocytes. Conclusions: The Fgf and Msx gene expression in the cranial base was different from that of other skeletons.

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Francesco, Menditto. "Il codice antimafia. Quale futuro per il giudice della prevenzione e per l'utilizzo a fini sociali dei beni confiscati?" QUESTIONE GIUSTIZIA, no. 6 (February 2011): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qg2011-006005.

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1. La diffusa richiesta del codice delle leggi antimafia e delle misure di prevenzione2. Gli obiettivi e i limiti della legge (delega) 13 agosto 2010 n. 1363. I gravi limiti dello schema di decreto delegato, le modifiche proposte, gli interventi del Governo4. Il contenuto complessivo del cd. codice antimafia (ovvero delle misure di prevenzione)5. I limiti delle disposizioni relative al procedimento di prevenzione, al sequestro e alla confisca dei beni6. I limiti (e le omissioni) delle disposizioni sull'amministrazione delle aziende sequestrate7. La tutela dei terzi: i limiti del procedimento, il giudice della prevenzione quale liquidatore dei beni sequestrati nell'interesse dei creditori8. I beni ipotecati: i limiti della nuova disciplina, l'assenza di norme transitorie9. L'incentivo alla vendita dei beni sequestrati e confiscati10. Verso una rapida modifica del cd. Codice antimafia.

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Molina-García, Lucía, M. Luisa Fernández-de Córdova, and Antonio Ruiz-Medina. "Sensitive Determination of Indomethacin in Pharmaceuticals and Urine by Sequential Injection Analysis and Optosensing." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 1443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.5.1443.

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Abstract A selective and sensitive method based on coupling of sequential injection analysis (SIA) and optosensing was developed and applied to the determination of indomethacin in pharmaceutical and urinary samples. After alkaline hydrolysis, the fluorescent product generated from indomethacin is inserted in the flow system, transitorily retained on an active solid support (Sephadex QAE A-25) filling the flowcell, and monitored at 283/371 nm (λex/λem). The system was calibrated for two sample volumes, 100 and 1000 µL. It showed a linear dynamic range of 0.56.5 ng/mL, with an LOD of 0.15 ng/mL and an RSD of 3.9% (n = 10) when the highest sample volume was used. The proposed fluorometric SIA optosensor was applied to the determination of indomethacin in both pharmaceuticals and urine samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.

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Sampieri, Angelo, and Beatrice Agulli. "Campagne italiane contemporanee. Spazi della produzione agricola specializzata a Capo Pachino." CRIOS, no. 21 (November 2021): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/crios2021-021006.

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La diffusione di produzioni agricole specializzate consente di osservare il modo in cui stanno cambiando porzioni importanti della campagna contemporanea italiana. Tali produzioni difatti assumono in Italia caratteri particolari che le sottraggono a molte delle osservazioni (e delle generalizzazioni) che nella letteratura internazionale guardano gli spazi dell'agricoltura specializzata come piattaforme monofunzionali, regolate da rigide infrastrutturazioni e da sofisticati programmi logistici che le escludono dai contesti entro i quali sono collocate. Le differenze appaiono particolarmente rilevanti a Capo Pachino, dove la produzione specializzata di pomodori, seppure presente da oltre mezzo secolo, e capace di generare un'economia di grande importanza a livello non solo locale, ha costruito spazi segnati da una certa instabilità delle organizzazioni e transitorietà delle forme. Questa infrastrutturazione debole di Capo Pachino, che da un lato comporta fragilità enormi di gestione e governo del comparto produttivo, garantisce dall'altro anche il suo dinamismo, la sua apertura e la sua capacità di essere attraversato da usi e relazioni molteplici. È in ragione di questi caratteri che l'articolo muove alcune riflessioni di natura progettuale e operativa sulla relazione tra produzione specializzata e trasformazione delle campagne contemporanee

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d'Ovidio, Marianna, and Giampaolo Nuvolati. "Mobilitŕ, classe creativa, popolazioni urbane." SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no. 94 (April 2011): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2011-094005.

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Il presente contributo propone una riflessione teorico-metodologica sulla mobilitŕ di gruppi sociali emergenti a partire dalla lettura di alcuni dati concernenti l'aumento generalizzato degli spostamenti nel nostro paese. La mobilitŕ come esito e fonte di pratiche specifiche di vita riguarda, infatti, un numero crescente di persone e rappresenta un aspetto rilevante nella vita quotidiana di ciascuno. Ciň rende sempre piů necessario delineare, anche attraverso l'analisi sociologica, modelli interpretativi precisi, costruiti in base alle caratteristiche socio-economiche e culturali degli individui oltre che alle loro motivazioni agli spostamenti. La diffusione degli spostamenti quotidiani effettuati per ragioni diverse che per viaggi di lavoro o vacanza interessa vari tipi di popolazioni contribuendo peraltro a trasformare la mobilitŕ da esperienza eccezionale a momento di routine. Questa larga diffusione del fenomeno chiama in causa a maggior ragione proprio quei segmenti sociali che hanno fatto della mobilitŕ e della transitorietŕ residenziale i loro punti di forza nelle societŕ contemporanee. Tra questi troviamo sicuramente la cosiddettacostituita da soggetti altamente mobili e per i quali nell'articolo si cercherŕ di individuare le traiettorie possibili di mobilitŕ alla luce della concentrazione territoriale di forza lavoro e utenti riconducibili a determinati settori e servizi culturali.

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Ghilardi, Marcello. "La morte dell'eroe nella tradizione giapponese." AOQU (Achilles Orlando Quixote Ulysses). Rivista di epica 2, no. II (December 30, 2021): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2724-3346/17272.

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Nella tradizione epica giapponese, come pure nei racconti basati su eventi storici e tramandati di generazione in generazione, spiccano le figure di eroi la cui apoteosi coincide con la morte – talvolta autoinflitta tramite la pratica del seppuku, il taglio rituale del ventre. Vi sono certo motivazioni legate alle principali religioni e dottrine che hanno formato la cultura nipponica, come lo shintō, il confucianesimo e il buddhismo; ma soprattutto, alla radice dell’affetto che tali figure suscitano nella coscienza collettiva in Giappone, si intrecciano un senso di commozione per la transitorietà della vita e il riconoscimento di una purezza di intenti, di un’autenticità che si rende tanto più evidente ed esplicita quanto meno è sostenuta dalla vittoria, personale o politica. La fedeltà a una causa o a un ideale si misura non dall’utile che se ne ricava, ma dalla capacità di aderirvi con la totalità del proprio essere. La figura dell’eroe guerriero, perennemente esposto al rischio della morte, diviene quindi insieme al caduco fiore di ciliegio l’emblema della capacità di accogliere la pienezza nella vita, senza avvinghiarsi ad essa spasmodicamente e senza fuggirla o tradirla, lasciandola accadere e pure passare, sfiorire, tornare alla dimensione originaria, non ancora attualizzata.

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Cremaschi, Marco, and Silvia Lucciarini. "Quale agency per gli esperimenti urbani? Sperimentalismo e tattiche nel Grands Voisins a Parigi e al Mitreo di Corviale a Roma." SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no. 128 (July 2022): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2022-128009.

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A partire dagli anni Duemila nel repertoire delle idee urbanistiche, ha preso piede la cosiddetta "urbanistica tattica", o transitoria, un'iniziativa svolta su terreni non occupati e edifici vuoti che mira a coinvolgere la comunità circostante prima che il sito sia sviluppato. Un aspetto cruciale nelle analisi sull'urbanistica tattica nelle sue forme istituzionalizzate -e quindi nelle public policy- è relativo alla composizione delle arene locali, la rappresentazione dei diversi interessi, le narrative dei diversi attori, e la scelta dei processi negoziali nelle decisioni condivise. Ovvero quali meccanismi di costruzione del consenso all'interno dell'arena degli attori locali siano presenti nell'implementazione di politiche urbane transitorie, che si muovono tra competizione e collaborazione. Questo breve paper esamina queste dinamiche per esplorare natura e prossimità degli interessi degli attori in due casi: i Grands Voisins a Parigi e il Mitreo di Corviale a Roma.

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LIMA, DIOGO X., KERSTIN VOIGT, CARLOS A. F. DE SOUZA, RAFAEL J. V. DE OLIVEIRA, CRISTINA M. SOUZA-MOTTA, and ANDRÉ L. C. M. DE A. SANTIAGO. "Description of Backusella constricta sp. nov. (Mucorales, ex Zygomycota) from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, including a key to species of Backusella." Phytotaxa 289, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.289.1.4.

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The Backusella genus comprises mucoralean saprobes that inhabit in mainly soil and form transitorily curved (when young, erect at maturity) sporangiophores arising directly from the substratum, with simultaneous production of both sporangia and sporangiola. During a study of Mucorales in soil from an Atlantic Rainforest in Pernambuco, Brazil, one specimen of Backusella was isolated and characterized based on morphological, physiological and molecular data (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and LSU rDNA sequences). The phylogenetic analyses of the isolate revealed that it belongs to the Backusellaceae and is closely related to species of Backusella. The specimen grew better at 25ºC, with no development at 40ºC, and presented conical and cylindrical columellae possessing a central constriction as well as subglobose sporangiospores 7.5–15 × 5.5–10 µm. Based on the evidences of the analyzed datasets, a new species of Backusella is proposed and a taxonomic key for the species of this genus is provided.

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Sandoka Nzao, Anthony Bassesuka. "Analysis of the Influence of the Earthing Resistance of Pylones on the Performance of the HVAC Line Facing Electromagnetic Transitories Lightning." Computer and Information Science 16, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v16n1p25.

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The roles of electrical energy no longer need to be demonstrated since the industrial revolution of 1740 based on the use of new sources of energy, of which electrical energy is considered to be one of the greatest revolutions in the world. Despite this, we must note that electrical energy is changing the habits of human activity and, on the one hand, has consequences on its transport, the large quantities of which are transmitted by power lines, forcing them to operate more and more. more within their limits and unplanned outages increase the risk of instability. Storms, industrial pollution, and lightning strikes are the main causes of these unscheduled outages. In regions with a high keraunic level, the reduction of insulation breakdown due to lightning is, therefore, a major concern for designers and operators of HV lines. It is possible to reduce the number of tripping of power lines due to lightning by the proper installation of ground wires and by the appropriate grounding of pylons. In this article, we focus our research on the analysis of the impact of the earthing of the pylons on the performance of HV lines against lightning strikes. Considering these parameters and using the oldest and simplest analytical model as a time-varying current wave whose model is a difference of two decaying exponentials, we brought into contribution Maxwell's equations, the law of Ohm, telegrapher's equations, transmission line theory, and the FDTD method to model lightning-induced voltages as a function of HVAC tower grounding. This study was carried out on the Liminga-Funa 220 kilovolt alternating line in the DRCongo, located in a region where storm activity and industrial pollution are very high. Thus, the results obtained by simulation show that the peak voltage on the components of the HVAC line is a linear function of the impedance of the earthing of the pylon. The impedance value of the pylon earthing less than or equal to 10 Ohm dampens the atmospheric overvoltage and ensures good coordination of the insulation of the line elements in the event of a lightning strike at the top of the pylon for the first bow. But for the return arc taken in this case, the bypass of the insulator is unavoidable. The fractal dimensions of the results of our programs have been compared with those of the figures obtained experimentally.

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Fiedel, B. A., and H. Gewurz. "Cleaved forms of C-reactive protein are associated with platelet inhibition." Journal of Immunology 136, no. 7 (April 1, 1986): 2551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.136.7.2551.

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Abstract C-reactive protein (CRP) is the prototypic acute phase reactant and serves clinically as a marker of inflammation and tissue destruction. When native CRP pentamer was incubated with Streptomyces griseus protease, a newly formed and transient ability to inhibit platelet aggregation stimulated by adenosine diphosphate or collagen was often elicited early during the course of enzymatic digestion. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses of the digests revealed that platelet inhibitory activity correlated with altered electrophoretic mobility and reductions in subunit and pentameric m.w. Minimally degraded forms of CRP were also isolated "de novo" from inflammatory fluids and, like their enzyme degraded counterparts, inhibited platelet activation. Dissociation of degraded CRP with SDS followed by the removal of SDS resulted in the separation fragments which inhibited platelet function. We propose that in a degradative environment, such as at sites of inflammation/tissue damage or through the action of serum proteases, CRP may transitorily down-regulate the platelet.

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Di Carlo, Fabio. "Prospettiva e rifugio nella pandemia, ovvero il paesaggio visto come uccelli." Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 19, no. 1 (July 26, 2021): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-10323.

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Se ogni attività progettuale presuppone un quadro di riferimento -stabile o di previsione e visione- nel quale inscrivere ogni prefigurazione, lo stato di conoscenze e mutazioni sul futuro post-pandemico non è chiaro, né lo sono le necessità e i processi utili per affrontarle. Anche rispetto al ruolo del progetto di paesaggio è possibile organizzare solo risposte parziali e transitorie, che sono forse più prese di coscienza che figurazioni, o che possono essere parte di un ragionamento che pone nuovi e diversi elementi di orientamento. Nella convinzione che questa fase non possa essere trattata né con strumenti consolidati, né con un processo unitario, questo scritto è volutamente frammentario. È quasi una raccolta non ordinata di riflessioni su alcuni aspetti che pongono in relazione il lavoro sul progetto di paesaggio con l’attuale condizione. Qui paesaggio e giardino sono visti come condizioni di prospettiva e rifugio, secondo la teoria di Jay Appleton sull’esperienza del paesaggio, che ci è utile come riferimento.

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Jakobiec, Frederick A., Paula Cortes Barrantes, Lina Ma, and Nahyoung Grace Lee. "Complex Intratarsal Cyst with a Mixed Ciliated Respiratory-Type and Squamous Epithelial Lining." Ocular Oncology and Pathology 6, no. 3 (October 8, 2019): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000501369.

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A 55-year-old woman developed a painless, non-ulcerated left upper eyelid swelling over 6 months. Examination disclosed a fluctuant mass that permitted movement of the eyelid skin over the lesion. A full-thickness eyelid resection contained a well-encapsulated cyst with milky contents that was predominantly located in the tarsus. The cyst’s lining was partially composed of segments of ciliated respiratory-type and non-keratinizing squamous epithelia. Immunohistochemical evaluation with cytokeratins 17, 18, and 19 confirmed the staining pattern of a respiratory-type epithelial cell (whether or not cilia were present in the non-squamous epithelial zones). In the squamous region, entirely different cytokeratin results were obtained vis-a-vis the non-squamous regions of the lining. The current lesion is interpreted as congenital and representing an in situ persistence of embryonic ciliated glandular epithelium that normally exists only transitorily. A more remote possibility is that the lesion was the result of ectopic epithelial cells displaced from an adjacent sinus. A recurrence has not developed during 6 months of follow-up.

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Bastos, Cristiane P., Luciana M. Pereira, Talita H. Ferreira-Vieira, Luciana E. Drumond, André R. Massensini, Márcio F. D. Moraes, and Grace S. Pereira. "Object recognition memory deficit and depressive-like behavior caused by chronic ovariectomy can be transitorialy recovered by the acute activation of hippocampal estrogen receptors." Psychoneuroendocrinology 57 (July 2015): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.03.020.

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Pintus, Andrea. "I figli degli altri: la selezione che parte dalla classe." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 3 (November 2010): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2010-003004.

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Il tema immigrazione č stato a lungo trattato in Italia come qualcosa destinato ad esaurirsi nel tempo, nei confronti del quale adottare misure transitorie. Nonostante tale atteggiamento, il fenomeno si caratterizza sempre piů per la sua natura strutturale ed il crescente numero di giovani di origine straniera che nascono in Italia e che sono presenti nelle scuole italiane ne sono una conferma. La scuola rappresenta da sempre una delle principali agenzie socializzanti e quindi di inclusione e selezione sociale. Dalle indagini disponibili emerge come nella scuola italiana si realizza una forte differenziazione tra italiani e stranieri, in termini sia di rendimento, sia di scelte di indirizzo e continuitŕ negli studi: nel complesso gli studenti con cittadinanza non italiana, anche se nati in Italia, hanno un rendimento peggiore e si indirizzano verso percorsi scolastici piů brevi e maggiormente orientati al lavoro. Alla luce di questo quadro, ci si interroga se la scuola italiana possa rappresentare un veicolo per l'integrazione e la mobilitŕ sociale o rappresenti uno dei luoghi della riproduzione delle diseguaglianze sociali.

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32

Sani Ibrahim, Saifullahi, Huseyin Ozdeser, Behiye Cavusoglu, and Aminu Abdullahi Shagali. "Rural Migration and Relative Deprivation in Agro-Pastoral Communities Under the Threat of Cattle Rustling in Nigeria." SAGE Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): 215824402098885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020988856.

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Pastoral livestock production as a primary source of livelihood is increasingly becoming unsustainable due to the rapidly changing social context, perennial cattle rustling, unpredictable climatic conditions, and rapid population growth. Migration in response to these changes in social context has often increased competition for land and natural resources between the farmers and pastoralists. Using survey data from 1,750 agro-pastoral households, this study examines the impact of cattle rustling and relative deprivation on shaping the patterns of migration in Nigeria. The results of linear regression show that the loss of livestock, cattle rustling, income diversity, literacy, and herd size are significant determinants of migration patterns. These factors were instrumental in the households’ decision to migrate transitorily or permanently. While the findings indicate that relative deprivation is a significant push factor, migration in response to deprivation and cattle rustling may not necessarily decrease inequality due to weak social capital among the agro-pastoralists. In this sense, increasing pastoral social and economic capital is critical to the reduction of inequality and competition for natural capital. As such, rural livelihood enhancement intervention embedded within the context of a conflict mitigation mechanism is required to decrease the perceived relative deprivation.

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González-García, Andrés, Pedro Ciller, Stephen Lee, Rafael Palacios, Fernando de Cuadra García, and José Ignacio Pérez-Arriaga. "A Rising Role for Decentralized Solar Minigrids in Integrated Rural Electrification Planning? Large-Scale, Least-Cost, and Customer-Wise Design of Grid and Off-Grid Supply Systems in Uganda." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134517.

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Increasing Uganda’s low electrification rate is one of the country’s major challenges. Power service is essential to achieve socioeconomic development and poverty reduction, especially in rural areas. This paper shows the advantages of using an integrated (grid and off-grid) electrification model with high geospatial, temporal, and customer-class granularity as the Reference Electrification Model (REM). In universal electrification strategies, REM will help better ascertain the role of minigrids, jointly with grid extension, solar kits, and stand-alone systems. REM has been applied to the Southern Service Territory (SST) to determine the least-cost mix of electrification modes—grid extension, off-grid minigrids, and standalone systems—that satisfies the hourly demand requirements of each customer—residential, commercial, or industrial—considering its individual location. REM incorporates the existing grid layout, the hourly solar local profile, and the catalogs of actual components for network and generation designs. The paper shows that minigrids can provide grid-like service at a significantly lower cost in many circumstances and to a considerable extent. Therefore, minigrid strategies should play a more important role in electrification planning, both transitorily and on a permanent basis, particularly when the central grid suffers from frequent and prolonged blackouts.

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Sjaastad, O., HC Petersen, and LS Bakketeig. "Supraorbital Neuralgia. Vågå Study of Headache Epidemiology." Cephalalgia 25, no. 4 (April 2005): 296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00856.x.

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In a recent, hospital-based report, we described a small series of 5 patients with unilateral, more or less chronic, severe forehead pain, that could be transitorily abated by anaesthetic blockade of the supraorbital nerve and more permanently abated by ‘liberation’ operation directed towards the nerve exit area at the supraorbital notch. However, epidemiological data on supraorbital neuralgia are lacking. Among 1838 18-65-year-old inhabitants in Vågå (88.6% of the eligible ones), there were 10 who presented the following clinical picture: (1) Unilateral forehead/ocular pain, not diagnosed or diagnosable as any other, particular, unilateral headache; (2) Steadfast unilaterality; (3) Increased tenderness upon pressure over the exit site of the supraorbital nerve (incisura frontalis) on that side —in those who were in an active phase; (4) Foregoing trauma in the forehead/supraorbital rim area, ipsilaterally. In approximately half the cases, there was a moderate, ipsilateral sensory loss. A striking finding was the occurrence of jabs in the symptomatic area, and in synchrony with the neuralgia pain. These 10 inhabitants correspond to a prevalence of 0.5% (or 0.65% if two nontrauma cases are included).

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Vitorio, Daniel, and Alexandre Toledo Maciel. "Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome is an Avid and Persistent Sodium-Retaining State." Case Reports in Critical Care 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/471658.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which is triggered by many conditions in the intensive care unit, including different types of circulatory shock. One under-recognized characteristic of the SIRS-induced AKI is its avidity for sodium retention, with progressive decreases in urinary sodium concentration (NaU) and its fractional excretion (FENa). This phenomenon occurs in parallel with increases in serum creatinine, being only transitorily mitigated by diuretic use. In the present case, we report a situation of two consecutive shocks: the first shock is hemorrhagic in origin and then the second shock is a septic one in the same patient. The SIRS and AKI triggered by the first shock were not completely solved when the second shock occurred. This could be viewed as a persistent avid sodium-retaining state, which may be appreciated even during renal replacement therapy (in the absence of complete anuria) and that usually solves only after complete AKI and SIRS resolution. We suggest that decreases in NaU and FENa are major characteristics of SIRS-induced AKI, irrespective of the primary cause, and may serve as additional monitoring tools in its development and resolution.

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Kelliher, F. M., J. R. Sedcole, R. F. Minchin, Y. Wan, L. M. Condron, T. J. Clough, and R. Bol. "Soil microbial respiration responses to repeated urea applications in three grasslands." Soil Research 43, no. 8 (2005): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05068.

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Grazing animals excrete urine and create transitorily high pH, nitrogen (N)-replete soil patches. Beneath grazed pasture, we postulated the soil microbial community would be highly responsive to N application. Lesser responses were expected of soils beneath grassland without grazing animals. Soil samples were collected near Lincoln, New Zealand (43.6°S, 172.5°E), beneath pasture regularly grazed by dairy cattle, an adjacent pasture set aside from grazing 20 years ago, and a nearby grassland that has never been grazed. Soil microbial respiration responses to repeated urea (500 kg N/ha) applications were determined by laboratory incubation experiments and the soil pH and water-soluble C content were also measured. The first application induced 0.13 ± 0.04 (dairy farm), 0.15 ± 0.05 (set aside), and 0.20 ± 0.04 (ungrazed) g C/kg increases in microbial respiration over 9 days, excluding carbon dioxide production from carbonate hydrolysis. After a second application, 9-day respiration increased by 0.26 ± 0.04 (dairy farm), 0.41 ± 0.04 (set aside) and 0.20 ± 0.07 (ungrazed) g C/kg. For the dairy farm and ungrazed soils, the microbial communities responded differently to repeated urea addition. The responses included transitory changes in pH and reflected the limited amounts of readily decomposable organic matter.

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Matsushima, Yoshiaki, Akinobu Hayashi, Kento Mizutani, Makoto Kondo, Yasuo Nakai, Koji Habe, Yukie Yamaguchi, Yuji Kozuka, Hiroki Wakabayashi, and Keiichi Yamanaka. "Psoriasiform Dermatitis Developing during Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis with Tocilizumab." Case Reports in Dermatology 11, no. 3 (November 27, 2019): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000504429.

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We present a case of psoriasiform dermatitis developing during the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with tocilizumab (TCZ). The keratotic erythema with central healing showed a periodicity of growing worse 1 week after TCZ infusion, and then disappeared within 3 weeks. Skin biopsy showed parakeratosis, microabscess, rete ridge elongation, and abundant lymphocytes as well as a few neutrophil infiltrate in the upper dermis. TCZ is a humanized monoclonal antibody against interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor. IL-6 plays a critical role in the differentiation from naïve T cells into Th17 cells in cooperation with transforming growth factor-β. IL-6 may be important in psoriasis pathogenesis, and therefore this phenomenon may be the adverse effect. The mechanism of TCZ-associated psoriasiform dermatitis is unclear. The serum IL-6 level seems to be elevated transitorily after TCZ administration, probably due to the competitive inhibition of IL-6 receptor alpha to IL-6. Excess free IL-6 may effect on other IL-6 family receptors. Since TCZ does not alter serum IL-17F level, another cytokine may be involved in the psoriasis formation in our case. Psoriasiform dermatitis during the use of TCZ may be due to relative cytokine balance disturbance.

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38

Ding, Longjiang, Sili Han, Kun Wang, Sainan Zheng, Wenyue Zheng, Xiu Peng, Yumei Niu, Wei Li, and Linglin Zhang. "Remineralization of enamel caries by an amelogenin-derived peptide and fluoride in vitro." Regenerative Biomaterials 7, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbaa003.

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Abstract Dental caries is one of the most common oral diseases in the world. This study was tantamount to investigate the combinatory effects of an amelogenin-derived peptide (called QP5) and fluoride on the remineralization of artificial enamel caries. The peptide QP5 was synthesized and characterized, and the binding capability of the peptide on hydroxyapatite (HA) and demineralized tooth enamel surface was analysed. Then, the mineralization function of the peptide and fluoride was studied through the spontaneous mineralization testing and remineralization on enamel caries in vitro. First, the novel peptide QP5 could bind on the hydroxyapatite and demineralized tooth enamel surfaces. Second, QP5 can transitorily stabilize the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate and direct the transformation into hydroxyapatite crystals alone and in combination with fluoride. In addition, compared to blocks treated by peptide QP5 alone or fluoride, the sample blocks showed significantly higher surface microhardness, lower mineral loss and shallower lesion depth after treatment with a combination of QP5 and fluoride at high or low concentrations. The peptide QP5 could control the crystallization of hydroxyapatite, and combinatory application of peptide QP5 and fluoride had a potential synergistic effect on the remineralization of enamel caries.

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Süli-Zakar, Tímea. "The co-adsorption of methane and carbon dioxide on catalysts." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2016): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2016.1-2.115-118.

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In the elucidation of the reaction mechanism of a catalytic process it is important to establish the reaction intermediates and their possible role in the reaction. In most cases, however, this is not an easy task as a real reaction intermediate exists only transitorily and in a very low concentration on the catalysts. The adsorption of CO2 and the co-adsorption of CH4 + CO2 on Re supported by AI2O3, TiCb, SiCh and MgO have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy. The dissociation of CO2 was not experienced on the Re/AhCb reduced at 673 K, it occurred, however, on the sample reduced at 1073 K. Addition of CH4 to CO2 , initiated the dissociation on all catalysts as indicated by CO bands at 2041 cm'1. Besides, new spectral features were developed at 1599 and 1397 cm'1 attributed to format species. No bands due to format were detected on Re/Si02 and no format was detected following the co-adsorption of C02-containing gas mixture on the supporting oxides alone. It was assumed that the format species identified in the surface interactions is located on the support, where it is stabilized. The possible pathways of the occurrence of format complex on the oxides are described.

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Süli-Zakar, Tímea. "The co-adsorption of hydrogen and carbon dioxide on catalysis." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 3, no. 2 (January 1, 2014): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2014.2.435-439.

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In the elucidation of the reaction mechanism of a catalytic process it is important to establish the reaction intermediates and their possible role in the reaction. In most cases, however, this is not an easy task as a real reaction intermediate exists only transitorily and in a very low concentration on the catalysts. The adsorption of CO2 and the co-adsorption of H2 + CO2 on Re supported by Al2O3, TiO2, MgO and SiO2 have been investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy. The dissociation of CO2 was not experienced on the Re/Al2O3 reduced at 673 K, it occurred, however, on the sample reduced at 1073 K. Addition of H2 to CO2, initiated the dissociation on all catalysts as indicated by CO bands at 2022-2053 cm-1 . Besides, new spectral features were developed at 1600-1550, 1395 and 1365 cm-1 attributed to format species. No bands due to format were detected on Re/SiO2 and no format was detected following the co-adsorption of CO2-containing gas mixture on the supporting oxides alone. It was assumed that the format species identified in the surface interactions is located on the support, where it is stabilized. The possible pathways of the occurrence of format complex on the oxides are described.

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Farhat, Maha, Marina Moletta-Denat, Jacques Frère, Séverine Onillon, Marie-Cécile Trouilhé, and Enric Robine. "Effects of Disinfection on Legionella spp., Eukarya, and Biofilms in a Hot Water System." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 19 (July 20, 2012): 6850–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00831-12.

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ABSTRACTLegionellaspecies are frequently detected in hot water systems, attached to the surface as a biofilm. In this work, the dynamics ofLegionellaspp. and diverse bacteria and eukarya associated together in the biofilm, coming from a pilot scale 1 system simulating a real hot water system, were investigated throughout 6 months after two successive heat shock treatments followed by three successive chemical treatments. Community structure was assessed by a fingerprint technique, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). In addition, the diversity and dynamics ofLegionellaand eukarya were investigated by small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal cloning and sequencing. Our results showed that pathogenicLegionellaspecies remained after the heat shock and chemical treatments (Legionella pneumophilaandLegionella anisa, respectively). The biofilm was not removed, and the bacterial community structure was transitorily affected by the treatments. Moreover, several amoebae had been detected in the biofilm before treatments (Thecamoebaesp.,Vannellasp., andHartmanella vermiformis) and after the first heat shock treatment, but onlyH. vermiformisremained. However, another protozoan affiliated with Alveolata, which is known as a host cell forLegionella, dominated the eukaryal species after the second heat shock and chemical treatment tests. Therefore, effectiveLegionelladisinfection may be dependent on the elimination of these important microbial components. We suggest that eradicatingLegionellain hot water networks requires better study of bacterial and eukaryal species associated withLegionellain biofilms.

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Kolářová, L., P. Horák, and K. Skírnisson. "Methodical approaches in the identification of areas with a potential risk of infection by bird schistosomes causing cercarial dermatitis." Journal of Helminthology 84, no. 3 (January 27, 2010): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x09990721.

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AbstractLarval stages (cercariae) of schistosomatid flukes represent the causative agents of swimmer's itch (cercarial dermatitis), a waterborne allergic disease. Cercariae of bird schistosomes are the most frequently reported agent. Recent studies on parasite behaviour in mammals showed that infections by cercariae can be linked to more than skin syndromes. Despite the failure of complete development in mammals, bird schistosomes can escape from the skin and migrate transitorily in the hosts. These findings brought novel insights into the fate and potential pathogenic effect of the parasites in non-compatible hosts, including humans. Cercarial dermatitis occurs globally and recently is considered to be re-emerging; however, there are no data on the number of afflicted persons per year. This might be explained by a relatively low interest in human skin infections arising after bathing in fresh water. In addition, the real occurrence of bird schistosomes in the field is known only for a few areas. The paucity of epidemiological/biogeographical data is probably caused by difficulties associated with detection of the parasites in intermediate and definitive hosts. Therefore, based on personal experience and data available in the literature, we have summarized methodological approaches enabling the detection of bird schistosomes in various hosts and environments.

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Roncallo, F., I. Turtulici, A. Bartolini, R. Corvò, G. Sanguineti, V. Vitale, G. Margarino, M. Scala, P. Mereu, and F. Badellino. "Tomografia computerizzata e risonanza magnetica nella patologia del distretto testa collo." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 9, no. 4 (August 1996): 471–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099600900421.

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Scopo del lavoro è quello di delineare le indicazioni generali alla radioterapia, definitiva o in associazione alla chirurgia, nei pazienti affetti da carcinoma del distretto testa-collo, anche sulla base delle informazioni TC ed RM, e di descrivere le alterazioni morfologiche radiologiche che emergono, differenziando quelle suggestive di persistenza o recidiva neoplastica, da quelle indotte dalla radioterapia. Sono stati selezionati 95 pazienti che hanno praticato radioterapia come unico trattamento o in associazione alla chirurgia. Il primo controllo radiologico è stato effettuato di norma in un periodo di tempo compreso tra i 3 e i 4, 5 mesi dal termine della radioterapia. I pazienti sono stati seguiti nel tempo con esami seriati rispettivamente a 6, 9 e 12 mesi a distanza dal termine della radioterapia, a seconda dei rilievi emersi al primo controllo a ciclo terapeutico ultimato. Per quanto concerne la valutazione della risposta del tumore primitivo alla radioterapia sono stati distinti tre gruppi di pazienti. Il primo gruppo comprende soggetti nei quali il tumore primitivo, valutato alla TC e/o RM prima del trattamento radioterapico, ha dimostrato una regressione volumetrica superiore al 75% nei controlli tra i 3 ed i 12 mesi dalla fine del ciclo terapeutico (31 pazienti). Il secondo gruppo comprende soggetti nei quali il volume tissutale residuo dopo radioterapia, nei controlli a tre mesi, ha dimostrato una regressione inferiore al 50%, una persistenza o addirittura una progressione (44 pazienti). Un terzo gruppo è costituito da soggetti nei quali la regressione volumetrica del tessuto neoplastico nel controllo a tre mesi dal termine del ciclo terapeutico radioterapico è compresa tra il 50 ed il 75%. Quest'ultimo gruppo è quello che pone i maggiori problemi diagnostici e che viene seguito con controlli seriati ogni tre mesi, anche in presenza di negatività degli esami clinici ed endoscopici (20 pazienti). Le alterazioni tissutali post-radioterapiche sono state distinte in transitorie e permanenti. Quelle transitorie hanno raggiunto il massimo della loro espressività al termine del ciclo di trattamento, con visualizzazione di una massa conglomerata più estesa del tumore primitivo. Quelle permanenti si sono verificate a carico dei tessuti superficiali (ispessimenti della cute e del platisma, addensamenti nel tessuto adiposo sottocutaneo), nei piani fasciali profondi periviscerali (fibrosi del connettivo lasso adiposo parafaringeo, cervicale anteriore e posteriore, pericarotideo), nelle logge salivari (scialoadenite reattiva e degenerazione grassa), a livello degli spazi mucosi profondi (ispessimento simmetrico e infiltrazione delle pliche ariepiglottiche e delle corde vocali false, obliterazione dei piani adiposi pre- e paraglottici). La difficoltà di interpretazione delle immagini, con particolare riguardo ai possibili falsi positivi e falsi negativi, rappresenta soltanto una delle diverse facce della complessa problematica in corso di carcinoma del distretto testa-collo. Infatti i quesiti da risolvere coinvolgono anche il clinico, il chirurgo, il radioterapista oltre che il radiologo, il cui sforzo comune deve essere quello di garantire al paziente la migliore terapia possibile a fronte di una qualità di vita accettabile.

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Wilkens, Horst. "Variability and the primacy of the genotype." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 133, no. 4 (May 21, 2021): 931–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blab065.

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Abstract Cave animals and species flocks exhibit common evolutionary principles. In caves, all traits dependent on the information derived from light lose their biological function. Mutations destructive for such traits, but neutral for the organism as a whole, can persist and accumulate until a trait has vanished. Adaptive radiations start in ecosystems containing open niches. Here, selection on niche-specific traits, such as the viscerocranium in fish, is relaxed owing to the absence of competing species, and viscerocranial variability arises. It is transitorily high in recent and phylogenetically younger flocks, providing new phenotypes. It lessens and is completely lost after directional selection promotes the fixation of phenotypes that are best adapted. In cave animals and species flocks, single traits manifest phenotypic variability owing to relaxed selection. Like the eye in cave species, the viscerocranium can be classified a module, the development of which is encoded in gene regulatory networks. Mutations in these genes can result in new phenotypes. Regarding functionality, these mutations might be destructive and eliminated by selection, neutral and thus persisting, or beneficial and promoted to fixation by directional selection. Given the ancient heritage of teleostean fish, these gene regulatory networks might be prone to mutations at the same loci or to developmental reactions resulting in similar phenotypes in closely related or taxonomically and geographically distant species.

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Arendt, Detlev, Kristin Tessmar, Maria-Ines Medeiros de Campos-Baptista, Adriaan Dorresteijn, and Joachim Wittbrodt. "Development of pigment-cup eyes in the polychaetePlatynereis dumeriliiand evolutionary conservation of larval eyes in Bilateria." Development 129, no. 5 (March 1, 2002): 1143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.5.1143.

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The role of Pax6 in eye development in insects and vertebrates supports the view that their eyes evolved from simple pigment-cup ocelli present in their last common ancestors (Urbilateria). The cerebral eyes in errant polychaetes represent prototype invertebrate pigment-cup ocelli and thus resemble the presumed ancestral eyes. We have analysed expression of conserved eye specification genes in the early development of larval and adult pigment-cup eyes in Platynereis dumerilii (Polychaeta, Annelida, Lophotrochozoa). Both larval and adult eyes form in close vicinity of the optic anlagen on both sides of the developing brain ganglia. While pax6 is expressed in the larval, but not in the developing, adult eyes, expression of six1/2 from trochophora stages onwards specifically outlines the optic anlagen and thus covers both the developing larval and adult eyes. Using Platynereis rhabdomeric opsin as differentiation marker, we show that the first pair of adult eye photoreceptor cells is detected within bilateral clusters that transitorily express ath, the Platynereis atonal orthologue, thus resembling proneural sensory clusters. Our data indicate that – similar to insects, but different from the vertebrates – polychaete six1/2 expression outlines the entire visual system from early developmental stages onwards and ath-positive clusters generate the first photoreceptor cells to appear. We propose that pax6-, six1/2- and ath-positive larval eyes, as found in today’s trochophora, were present already in Urbilateria.

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46

Kosksi, Tahsine, Arem Selmi, Sahar Mani, Mriem Ben Rhouma, Sana Boughammoura, Latifa Knani, Kaouthar Kessabi, and Imed Messaoudi. "Antinociceptive effect of melatonin in the animal model of Parkinson’s Disease." Melatonin Research 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 440–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32794/mr112500104.

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Several animal experimental and clinical studies have shown the effectiveness of melatonin in the treatment of some symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the antinociceptive effect of melatonin against pain associated to PD has not been fully investigated. Thus, the present study investigated the possible antiallodynic and antinociceptive effects of acute and chronic melatonin treatments in Parkinsonian model of rats. This model was created by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the left medial forebrain bundle (MFB). The electronic von Frey test was used to analyze the antiallodynic effect of melatonin on this PD animal model. In addition, c-Fos immunostaining was also used as a marker of nociception to evaluate the neuronal activity related to the nociception processing. The results showed that unilateral injection of 6-OHDA induced a significant decrease in paw withdrawal threshold in both ipsilateral and contralateral paws, which indicate mechanical allodynia induction. This allodynia was transitorily reversed by apomorphine as a dopamine agonist. Melatonin treatment significantly increased threshold of allodynia. Melatonin administration of both acutely or chronically significantly downregulated the c-Fos expression of neurons in 6-OHDA treated animals. In conclusion, 6-OHDA treatment can induces a bilateral mechanical hypernociception in rats while melatonin treatment produces profound antinociceptive effect. This finding paves the way to use melatonin as an antinociceptive agent for PD clinically.

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Barrios, V., M. N. Rodriguez-Sanchez, M. Hernandez, and E. Arilla. "Maternal ethanol ingestion and somatostatin level and binding in developing rat brain." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 261, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): E758—E763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1991.261.6.e758.

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The effect of maternal ethanol ingestion on 125I-labeled [Tyr11]somatostatin (SS) binding and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in the rat frontoparietal cortex and hippocampus of developing offspring was explored. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given ethanol in the drinking water before pregnancy, during gestation, and while nursing, whereas controls received a standard diet and fresh water ad libitum. In the ethanol group, food intake decreased as ethanol consumption augmented, with the ethanol calories comprising greater than 30% of the total energy intake during pregnancy. Total energy intake was similar for the ethanol group and normal controls. Maternal alcohol ingestion is associated with an enhanced SLI level in the frontoparietal cortex and hippocampus on the day of birth. This study provided evidence of a selective decrease in SS receptor binding in frontoparietal cortex but not in hippocampus in the 0- to 10-day-old offspring of the ethanol-fed rats. The SS receptor number increased from day 0 to 10 in both control and ethanol groups. However, the affinity appeared to decrease significantly in the ethanol group during this period. At day 30, no differences were found between offspring of control and ethanol-treated rats in any of the parameters. These results suggest that the development of SS receptors in the rat frontoparietal cortex can be transitorily delayed by maternal ethanol ingestion.

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48

Rustin, P., and C. Lance. "Succinate-driven reverse electron transport in the respiratory chain of plant mitochondria. The effects of rotenone and adenylates in relation to malate and oxaloacetate metabolism." Biochemical Journal 274, no. 1 (February 15, 1991): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2740249.

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The effects of rotenone on the succinate-driven reduction of matrix nicotinamide nucleotides were investigated in Percoll-purified mitochondria from potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers. Depending on the presence of ADP or ATP, rotenone caused an increase or a decrease in the level of reduction of the matrix nicotinamide nucleotides. The increase in the reduction induced by rotenone in the presence of ADP was linked to the oxidation of the malate resulting from the oxidation of succinate. Depending on the experimental conditions, malic enzyme (at pH 6.6 or in the presence of added CoA) or malate dehydrogenase (at pH 7.9) were involved in this oxidation. At pH 7.9, the oxaloacetate produced progressively inhibited the succinate dehydrogenase. In the presence of ATP the production of oxaloacetate was stopped, and succinate dehydrogenase was protected from inhibition by oxaloacetate. However, previously accumulated oxaloacetate transitorily decreased the level of the reduction of the NAD+ driven by succinate, by causing the reversal of the malate dehydrogenase reaction. Under these conditions (i.e. presence of ATP), rotenone strongly inhibited the reduction of NAD+ by succinate-driven reverse electron flow. No evidence for an active reverse electron transport through a rotenone-insensitive path could be obtained. The inhibitory effect of rotenone was masked if malate had previously accumulated, owing to the malate-oxidizing enzymes which reduced part or all of the matrix NAD+.

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Moreira, Thiago S., Ana C. Takakura, Eduardo Colombari, and José V. Menani. "Antihypertensive effects of central ablations in spontaneously hypertensive rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 296, no. 6 (June 2009): R1797—R1806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90730.2008.

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Commissural nucleus of the solitary tract (commNTS) lesions transitorily (first 5 days) reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and lesions of the tissue surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V region) chronically reduce MAP in other models of hypertension. In the present study, we investigated the effects of combined AV3V+commNTS electrolytic lesions on MAP and heart rate (HR) in conscious SHR. Baseline MAP and HR were recorded in male SHR before and for the next 40 days after sham or AV3V lesions combined with sham or commNTS lesions. The AV3V lesions produced no change in MAP in SHR, while commNTS lesions reduced MAP acutely (121 ± 2 to 127 ± 3 mmHg in the 1st and 5th days, respectively, vs. prelesion: 192 ± 4 mmHg) but not chronically (from 10 to 40 days). However, combined AV3V+commNTS lesions reduced MAP of SHR chronically (119 ± 2 to 161 ± 4 mmHg, in the 1st and 40th day, respectively, vs. prelesion levels: 186 ± 4 mmHg) or sham-lesioned SHR (187 ± 4 to 191 ± 6 mmHg). Sympathetic and angiotensinergic blockade produced less reduction in MAP in SHR with AV3V+commNTS-lesions, and there was no relationship between changes on water and food intake, body weight, or urinary excretion produced by AV3V+commNTS lesions with the changes in MAP. The present findings suggest that in the absence of the commNTS, the AV3V region contributes to the hypertension observed in SHR by mechanisms that appear to involve enhanced angiotensinergic and sympathetic activity.

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Mannarelli, Daniela, Caterina Pauletti, Alessia Petritis, Roberto Delle Chiaie, Antonio Currà, Carlo Trompetto, and Francesco Fattapposta. "Effects of Cerebellar tDCS on Inhibitory Control: Evidence from a Go/NoGo Task." Cerebellum 19, no. 6 (July 14, 2020): 788–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-020-01165-z.

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Abstract Response inhibition as an executive function refers to the ability to suppress inappropriate but prepotent responses. Several brain regions have been implicated in the process underlying inhibitory control, including the cerebellum. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of the cerebellum in executive functioning, particularly in response inhibition. For this purpose, we transitorily inhibited cerebellar activity by means of cathodal tDCS and studied the effects of this inhibition on ERP components elicited during a Go/NoGo task in healthy subjects. Sixteen healthy subjects underwent a Go/NoGo task prior to and after cathodal and sham cerebellar tDCS in separate sessions. A reduction in N2-NoGo amplitude and a prolongation in N2-NoGo latency emerged after cathodal tDCS whereas no differences were detected after sham stimulation. Moreover, commission errors in NoGo trials were significantly higher after cathodal tDCS than at the basal evaluation. No differences emerged between performances in Go trials and those after sham stimulation. These data indicate that cerebellar inhibition following cathodal stimulation alters the ability to allocate attentional resources to stimuli containing conflict information and the inhibitory control. The cerebellum may regulate the attentional mechanisms of stimulus orientation and inhibitory control both directly, by making predictions of errors or behaviors related to errors, and indirectly, by controlling the functioning of the cerebral cortical areas involved in the perception of conflict signals and of the basal ganglia involved in the inhibitory control of movement.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Transitoriety'

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