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Ng, Yuk-wai, and 吳育煒. "Electronic transitions of transition metal monoborides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195989.
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Wang, Na, and 王娜. "Electronic transitions of transition metal monoboride and monoxides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208620.
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Frohling, Krista Rose. "Transitions." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1403.
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Transitions developed after experiencing one of the largest transitions of my life from an autonomous being and business owner to a pregnant woman to a mother, all during my three year Masters of Fine Art program at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. The first section of the show follows my emotional progression throughout pregnancy, as well as physical form, highlighting inner conflict. An emotional conflict and progression is illustrated through the use of emotional landscapes on the exterior walls of the space. Each emotional landscape is created from 25 canvas prints that I photographed on my mobile devices. The interior walls showcase my growing pregnant torso and separated oversized heads. The second section of Transitions deals with the issues of motherhood, specifically the working mother. As a working mother and graduate student, I have had to spend a large amount of time away from my daughter, and because of this I have felt a large amount of guilt and sadness. To illustrate these feelings I created installations from empty rocking chairs and all of the milk storage bags that have been used to feed my daughter in my absence. These two sculptures bookend a 10 minute long projection of my drive home taken on my iPhone. Around the exterior walls of this space, images of my daughter sleeping, and personal affects of her room are shown on large 36"x24" digital inkjet prints.
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Haupt, Kerstin Anna. "Phase transitions in transition metal dichalcogenides studied by femtosecond electron diffraction." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85608.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Low-dimensional materials are known to undergo phase transitions to differently or- dered states, when cooled to lower temperatures. These phases often show a periodic modulation of the charge density (called a charge density wave – CDW) coupled with a periodic perturbation of the crystal lattice (called a periodic lattice distortion – PLD). Although many experiments have been performed and much has been learnt about CDW phases in low-dimensional materials, the reasons for their existence are still not fully understood yet. Many processes, involving either strong electron–electron or electron–lattice coupling, have been observed which all might play a role in explaining the formation of different phases under different conditions. With the availability of femtosecond lasers it has become possible to study materials under highly nonequilibrium conditions. By suddenly introducing a known amount of energy into the system, the equilibrium state is disturbed and the subsequent relax- ation processes are then observed on timescales of structural and electronic responses. These experiments can deliver valuable information about the complex interactions between the different constituents of condensed matter, which would be inaccessible under equilibrium conditions. We use time resolved electron diffraction to investigate the behaviour of a CDW system perturbed by a short laser pulse. From the observed changes in the diffraction patterns we can directly deduce changes in the lattice structure of our sample. A femtosecond electron diffraction setup was developed at the Laser Research In- stitute in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Short laser pulses produce photo electrons which are accelerated to an energy of 30 keV. Despite space charge broadening effects, elec- tron pulses shorter than 500 fs at sample position can be achieved. Technical details of this system and its characterisation as well as sample preparation techniques and analysis methods are described in detail in this work. Measurements on two members of the quasi-two-dimensional transition metal di- chalcogenides, namely 4Hb-TaSe2 and 1T-TaS2, are shown and discussed. Both show fast (subpicosecond) changes due to the suppression of the PLD and a rapid heating of the lattice. When the induced temperature rise heats the sample above a phase tran- sition temperature, a complete transformation into the new phase was observed. For 4Hb-TaSe2 we found that the recovery to the original state is significantly slower if the PLD was completely suppressed compared to only disturbing it. On 1T-TaS2 we could not only study the suppression of the original phase but also the formation of the higher energetic CDW phase. Long (100 ps) time constants were found for the tran- sition between the two phases. These suggest the presence of an energy barrier which has to be overcome in order to change the CDW phase. Pinning of the CDW by de- fects in the crystal structure result in such an energy barrier and consequently lead to a phase of domain growth which is considerably slower than pure electron or lattice dynamics.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is bekend dat lae-dimensionele materie fase oorgange ondergaan na anders ge- ori¨enteerde toestande wanneer afgekoel word tot laer temperature. Hierdie fases toon dikwels ’n periodiese modulasie van die elektron digtheid (genoem ’n “charge density wave” – CDW), tesame met ’n periodiese effek op die kristalrooster (genoem ’n “peri- odic lattice distortion” – PLD). Alhoewel baie eksperimente al uitgevoer is en al baie geleer is oor hierdie CDW fase, is die redes vir hul bestaan nog steeds nie ten volle verstaan nie. Baie prosesse, wat of sterk elektron–elektron of elektron–fonon interaksie toon, is al waargeneem en kan ’n rol speel in die verduideliking van die vorming van die verskillende fases onder verskillende omstandighede. Met die beskikbaarheid van femtosekonde lasers is dit nou moontlik om materie onder hoogs nie-ewewig voorwaardes te bestudeer. Deur skielik ’n bekende hoeveel- heid energie in die stelsel in te voer, word die ewewigstaat versteur en word die daar- opvolgende ontspanning prosesse waargeneem op die tydskaal van atomies struktu- rele en elektroniese bewiging. Hierdie eksperimente kan waardevolle inligting lewer oor die komplekse interaksies tussen die verskillende atomiese komponente van ge- kondenseerde materie, wat ontoeganklik sou wees onder ewewig voorwaardes. Ons gebruik elektrondiffraksie met tyd resolusie van onder ’n pikosekonde om die gedrag van ’n CDW stelsel te ondersoek nadat dit versteur is deur ’n kort laser puls. Van die waargenome veranderinge in die diffraksie patrone kan ons direk aflei watse veranderinge die kristalstruktuur van ons monster ondergaan. ’n Femtosekonde elektronendiffraksie opstelling is ontwikkel by die Lasernavors- ingsinstituut in Stellenbosch, Suid-Afrika. Kort laser pulse produseer foto-elektrone wat dan na ’n energie van 30 keV versnel word. Ten spyte van Coulomb afstoting ef- fekte, kan elektron pulse korter as 500 fs by die monster posisie bereik word. Tegniese besonderhede van hierdie opstelling, tegnieke van die voorbereiding van monsters asook analise metodes word volledig in hierdie tesis beskryf. Metings op twee voorbeelde van kwasi-tweedimensionele semi-metale, naamlik 4Hb-TaSe2 en 1T-TaS2, word gewys en bespreek. Beide wys ’n vinnige (subpikosekon- de) verandering as gevolg van die versteuring van die PLD en ’n vinnige verhitting van die kristalrooster. Wanneer die ge¨ınduseerde temperatuur bo die fase oorgang tempe- ratuur styg, is ’n volledige transformasie na die nuwe fase waargeneem. Vir 4Hb-TaSe2 het ons gevind dat die herstelling na die oorspronklike toestand aansienlik stadiger is as die PLD heeltemal viernietig is in vergelyking met as die PLD net versteur is. Met 1T-TaS2 kon ons nie net alleenlik die vernietiging van die oorspronklike fase sien nie, maar ook die vorming van ’n ho¨er energie CDW fase. Lang (100 ps) tydkonstante is gevind vir die oorgang tussen die twee fases. Hierdie dui op die teenwoordigheid van ’n energie-versperring wat eers oorkom moet word om die CDW fase voledig te ver- ander. Vaspenning van die CDW deur defekte in die kristalstruktuur veroorsaak so’n energie versperring en gevolglik lei dit tot ’n fase van groeiende CDW gebiede wat heelwat stadiger as pure elektron of kritalrooster dinamika is.
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Qasim, Ilyas. "Structural and Electronic Phase Transitions in Mixed Transition Metal Perovskite Oxides." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10029.
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The reported multiferroic perovskite series Sr1-xAxTi1/2Mn1/2O3 has been the subject of numerous structural studies, without reaching consensus. In the current work, the cubic Pm3 ̅m is confirmed for end member SrTi1/2Mn1/2O3 in the Sr1-xAxTi1/2Mn1/2O3 ( A= Ca, La; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) series. The Pm3 ̅m I4/mcm Pbnm structural evolution was observed with increased doping level of Ca. A cubic Pm3 ̅m rhombohedral R3 ̅c transition occurred when La is substituted instead of Ca. Interesting magnetic behaviours were observed and the major contribution to this was concluded to be the mixed Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio. Ru and Ir have almost identical ionic radii and behave similarly in many ways. Remarkably the structure and properties of SrRuO3 and SrIrO3 are different. The current study revealed that the divalent transition metal doped materials of the type SrR1-xMxO3 (R = Ru, Ir, and M = 3d transition metals) are isostructural. This was achieved by the synthesis of a number of new materials of the type SrIr1-xMxO3. Therefore, these two series are comparatively described in the thesis. The structure and physical properties of the iron doped series SrIr1-xFexO3 are found to be different from those of the divalent doped ones, and this was even true for Ru analogues. Therefore, Fe-doped SrRuO3 and SrIrO3, based on the results of the same level doped materials are presented in a separate chapter. In the final chapter, the impact of Cu2+ doping on the structure and electronic properties of LaCrO3 is described. In order to understand structure property relationships, all the materials structurally characterised have had magnetic and resistivity measurements conducted. Special attention is given to realise the correlations between structure, magnetism, and conductivity.
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Scott, Barry Allan. "Transitions and boundaries." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3617.
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Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Art. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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See, Mark. "Transitions and architecture." This title; PDF viewer required Home page for entire colleciton, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.
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Ohnrich, Peter. "Transitions in Architecture." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596954.
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A city is a structure of single elements that has grown in time and is
characterized by political, economical, aesthetic and topographical influences.
Looked at it historically, a city is a logical structure, whereas
all the single elements add up to a big structure and for each individual
city typical overall character. Except for some special and important
buildings (mostly churches) the individual buildings interacted with the
general city structure and often even with each other. It is my contention
that contemporary urban design should work toward the reconstruction
of sympathetic interrelationships in urban spaces and buildings. Transitions
should be used for interaction to make the pieces work together as
a whole. This we experience mainly spatially. But transitions can be
achieved in many different layers (social, spatial, thermal...).
My research shall help to find out about these different layers individually
and how they work together, to define them and finally apply them to
a design. The site I chose for the design is the new civic plaza in Tucson, Arizona.
The plaza, as part of the Rio Nuevo project, is planned to be the new
main plaza for the city with its 800.000 people (year 2000). The site is an
empty lot right now; all buildings are roughly laid out in size and function,
but not defined in detail. This allows starting the design with the plaza and letting the buildings react to it. Mainly public buildings are
supposed to border the plaza. A hotel is located to the east, a parking
structure with retail on the north and different museum buildings to the
west and south.
My goal for the plaza is to create several activity zones of different sizes
(spaces for large (outdoor concerts) and small gatherings (private spots
within the public space) and different activities (walking, sitting, resting
and watching). Different things may happen simultaneously, but also
change during a day's or even a year's period of time. Big events like
open -air concerts should be possible as well as small events of interaction
between few people at the same spot during different times. All
these different elements should tie together spatially supported by transitions
of material, thermal comfort, light and social aspects and form a
big stage of events in a continuous scene.
Transitions of different kinds could achieve a change of space without
losing the connection to the greater scale. As a person for example is
walking from the plaza into a building (museum), he might experience
transitions thermally (sun - shade - cooled air and shade - enclosed air -
conditioned space) as well as spatially (same floor material inside and
outside) or socially as space becomes more and more private (plaza -
café area in front of museum - museum lobby - exhibition). As the change
of space happens in little steps and each step connects to the previous, a change of space can be achieved without losing the overall gesture.
As the plaza is located in the desert, it is important to research the climate
as well to be able to establish a good comfort level at specific
spaces for people to rest outside within the plaza throughout the year
and at different times of day.
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Abraham, Judson Charles. "Populist Just Transitions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104394.
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This dissertation argues that the just transition policy framework may not vivify labor internationalism or erode support for right-wing populists if just transitions are not part of left-wing populist projects. Labor internationalism, which involves labor unions cooperating across borders to pursue common goals, is increasingly important as unions strive to work with their foreign counterparts to influence the international community's urgent efforts to address climate change. Right-wing populism is a growing threat to organized labor and climate protection efforts. Some labor activists hope that advocacy for the just transition policy framework, a set of guidelines for compensating workers in polluting industries who are laid-off as a result of environmental protections, will unite labor organizations from around the world and improve their approaches to international solidarity. Progressives hope that just transition policies will discourage voters from supporting right-wing populist candidates, who are often climate skeptics, out of fear of the job losses that accompany environmentalist reforms. However, I question the assumption that just transition policies, in and of themselves, can serve as solutions to the challenges posed by right-wing populism or overcome divisions within the global labor movement. It is possible for economic nationalism at the expense of global solidarity to continue and for right-wing populists to maintain support in decarbonizing areas where policy makers have indemnified laid-off fossil fuel workers.
Integrating just transition policies into left-wing populist politics could potentially make just transitions more useful for countering the far-right and promoting labor internationalism. This dissertation looks to the political theorist Antonio Gramsci's thoughts regarding the "national popular," which Gramsci's readers often associate with left-wing populism. The national popular entails intellectuals from different fields (such as the academy, journalism, and manufacturing) coming together to modernize patriotism and strip it of chauvinistic nationalism. I point out that the original proposals for just transitions prioritized providing free higher education for the workers laid-off from polluting industries. The just transition framework's stress on higher education has populistic implications. Educators, particularly members of teachers' unions, may practice populism throughout the implementation of a just transition for laid-off coal workers by encouraging the displaced workers to cooperate with knowledge workers to rethink nationalism. If workers displaced from polluting industries rethink nationalism in university settings while maintaining their connections to the labor movement, then these workers may in turn reject far-right politicians and discourage organized labor from supporting trade nationalism.Doctor of Philosophy
This dissertation argues that the just transition policy framework may not vivify labor internationalism or erode support for right-wing populists if just transitions are not part of left-wing populist projects. Labor internationalism, which involves labor unions cooperating across borders to pursue common goals, is increasingly important as unions strive to work with their foreign counterparts to influence the international community's urgent efforts to address climate change. Right-wing populism is a growing threat to organized labor and climate protection efforts. Some labor activists hope that advocacy for the just transition policy framework, a set of guidelines for compensating workers in polluting industries who are laid-off as a result of environmental protections, will unite labor organizations from around the world and improve their approaches to international solidarity. Progressives hope that just transition policies will discourage voters from supporting right-wing populist candidates, who are often climate skeptics, out of fear of the job losses that accompany environmentalist reforms. However, I question the assumption that just transition policies, in and of themselves, can serve as solutions to the challenges posed by right-wing populism or overcome divisions within the global labor movement. It is possible for economic nationalism at the expense of global solidarity to continue and for right-wing populists to maintain support in decarbonizing areas where policy makers have indemnified laid-off fossil fuel workers. Integrating just transition policies into left-wing populist politics could potentially make just transitions more useful for countering the far-right and promoting labor internationalism. This dissertation looks to the political theorist Antonio Gramsci's thoughts regarding the "national popular," which Gramsci's readers often associate with left-wing populism. The national popular entails intellectuals from different fields (such as the academy, journalism, and manufacturing) coming together to modernize patriotism and strip it of chauvinistic nationalism. I point out that the original proposals for just transitions prioritized providing free higher education for the workers laid-off from polluting industries. The just transition framework's stress on higher education has populistic implications. Educators, particularly members of teachers' unions, may practice populism throughout the implementation of a just transition for laid-off coal workers by encouraging the displaced workers to cooperate with knowledge workers to rethink nationalism. If workers displaced from polluting industries rethink nationalism in university settings while maintaining their connections to the labor movement, then these workers may in turn reject far-right politicians and discourage organized labor from supporting trade nationalism.
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Thompson, Ian. "Dynamic phase transitions in biased ensembles of particle systems with repulsive interactions." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665407.
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We study dynamic phase transitions in the constant-volume and constant- pressure ensembles of two different systems: a one-dimensional system of diffusive hard particles and a three-dimensional glass-former of nearly-hard repulsive particles. The dynamic transitions are observed using ensembles of trajectories biased with respect to their dynamic activity, biasing to greater or lower activities than equilibrium allows us to sample different dynamic phases. We perform finite-size scaling of the transitions with respect to sys- tem size and observation time, and compare them to first-order phase tran- sitions. The two ensembles are not equivalent in the one-dimensional model. We compare our results to analytic predictions for diffusive systems in both the active and inactive phases, there are structural signatures for both dy- namic regimes. The active phases show hyperuniform ordering and the inac- tive regimes show jamming behaviour, local jamming in the constant-volume ensemble is achieved through phase separation. In the three-dimensional sys- tem we observe a dynamic transition to a glassy inactive phase, there is no obvious structural change and the structural relaxation time increases sig- nificantly. We take configurations from the active and inactive phases and subject them to a jamming protocol in order to compare the final density of the jammed packings. Previous work shows that the inactive phase of glass-forming systems have a different distribution of vibrational modes and a higher compressibility, this suggests that the jamming behaviour should differ between the two phases. We show that jammed packings generated from inactive configurations are denser than those generated from active configurations.
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Arrachid, Abdessamad. "The phase transition analyzer : a tool to measure thermal transitions of biopolymers?" Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435986.
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Eaglesham, D. J. "Charge density waves and their phase transitions in the transition metal chalcogenides." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375017.
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Noble, Fiona. "Post-transition transitions : childhood, performance and immigration in post-Franco Spanish cinema." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227226.
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MORADI, Afsaneh. "Transitions Towards Low Carbon Urban Mobility How Italian Municipalities Affect Transition Pathway." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2403301.
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Negli ultimi decenni, la tematica del cambiamento climatico ha assunto progressiva rilevanza, anche a causa dei trend crescenti nelle emissioni di GHG e CO2. Nella società internazionale e più specificatamente in Europa la sfida per la riduzione del livello di emissioni è tuttora di grande enfasi. Il settore dei trasporti rappresenta uno dei maggiori responsabili del rilascio di questi gas in atmosfera e attualmente, è ben lontano dal raggiungimento dei target di riduzione delle emissioni, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la situazione inerente le aree urbane. In questa dissertazione si affronterà il tema della mobilità urbana per capire quali strategie possono essere attuate per renderla sostenibile, quali fattori influenzano il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di riduzione delle emissioni e come i governi locali possono agire su questi fattori. Questo studio esplorando il ruolo dei Comuni Italiani nella gestione della mobilità urbana sostenibile, vuole indagare come la transizione dai sistemi di mobilità corrente a sistemi low Carbon è influenzata dalla visione e dal commitment dei policy makers rispetto al tema della sostenibilità. Inoltre, si prefigge di discutere come la transizione può essere gestita attraverso il superamento degli ostacoli esistenti attraverso la pianificazione di strategie per la sostenibilità, la presenza di fondi di finanziamento ad hoc, l’adozione di progetti ed innovazioni relative alla mobilità sostenibile, e come può essere influenzata dal supporto e collaborazione degli stakeholder interessati dal sistema. La dissertazione conclude con la presentazione di un nuovo framework concettuale che possa contribuire a spiegare il fenomeno investigato: le “cinque variabili” identificate attraverso lo studio e presentate nel framework (le attitudini dei governi locali, le strategie, la cooperazione degli stakeholder, il finanziamento e le sfide) influenzano infatti il raggiungimento degli obiettivi di riduzione delle emissioni. Questo framework permette di spiegare gli sforzi dei Comuni nella transizione verso la mobilità urbana sostenibile. I risultati mostrano che i Comuni italiani ritengono le strategie e la pianificazione quali unici mezzi che possono avere effetto diretto sulla riduzione delle emissioni, e che l’attuazione di queste strategie siano influenzate dal supporto finanziario da parte delle autorità e dalla cooperazione con gli stakeholder che a sua volta dipende scarsamente dalla visione dei policy maker circa la sostenibilità. Lo studio ha anche rivelato che i Comuni che presentavano piani di lungo termine erano in grado di ottenere migliori performance rispetto agli altri, considerando il triangolo strategia, finanziamento e cooperazione.In recent decades, there has been growing concerns about climate change challenge which is the resulted from the increasing trends of GHG and CO2 emissions. There is a great emphasize in international society and specifically in Europe to reduce the level of emissions in different sectors. Transport sector is one of the main contributors of these gases that yet could not achieve the predicted targets of emission reductions, specifically in urban areas. low carbon urban mobility is chosen as the theme of this dissertation to find out how the urban mobility system could be managed, to be more sustainable; what factors affect emission reduction objectives of urban mobility and how local government can influence, manage or control these factors. This study focused on the role of municipalities in sustainable urban mobility, the ways in which the transition from current mobility systems to low carbon sustainable systems are influenced by the viewpoints and commitments of policy makers to sustainability issue, how the transition process is managed by overcoming the existing obstacles through development of strategies and plans for improving current mobility system, financing and supporting projects and innovations related to clean mobility, and how other stakeholders participate and cooperate in such processes. The dissertation, concludes by presenting a new conceptual framework that aims to inform such processes at local level, “five variables” mentioned above (attitudes, strategies, cooperations, finance and challenges) influence the success of emission reduction objectives. This framework used to evaluate the efforts of local government (municipalities) in transition towards low carbon mobility, the results showed that municipalities in Italy believe that only strategies and plans have a direct effect on the success of emission reduction objectives, and these plans and strategies are influenced by financial supports of higher authorities and cooperation with other stakeholder groups which is slightly affected by the viewpoints of policy makers. The research also revealed that municipalities who had long term strategic plan have better performance than other municipalities in the triangle of strategy, finance and cooperation.
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Plevich, Annika Marie. "A Study of Boundaries and Transitions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33439.
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This thesis explores the boundaries and transitions within architecture. What makes a solid boundary? And what blurs the lines of transition in between? Possibilities were explored and limits pushed through the studying of elements such as thickness, transparency, material, texture, and light. The result is an architectural space in which a person can experience nature, while being separate from it. The building becomes a transition into nature while also a part of the landscape. The intent of this thesis is to bring the site together with the thesis idea and program in a cohesive way.Master of Architecture
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Cacija, Goran. "Qualitative study of the career transition from junior to senior sport in Swedish basketball." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1818.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate what factors affect the young athletes in the transition from junior to senior sport. The study’s secondary purpose was to find out what the athletes do to cope with the transitions and the final purpose was to revile what indicates the end of the transition to the athletes. The interview guide had three parts with questions about background information, personal experience related to the transition from junior to senior sport and finally the transition’s effect on the athlete’s career, life outside sport and lessons drawn from the experience. The study consisted of nine interviews, with four male and five female athletes. The data was analysed by using sentence categorisation. Quotations were used to underline the results. The results were divided into several categories, namely: demands, resources, barriers, coping, indicators and long-term effects. The results implicate that the participants felt that it was a big step to take that involved changes in demands both in the sport and in the life outside sport. The participants also felt that social demands, demands on the self, school and planning caused the biggest barriers during the transition. The results also imply that the resource most commonly mentioned by the participants were social factors (such as team cohesion) followed by individual factors. The coping strategies mainly involved mental strategies while the long-term effects show effects of evolving mental skills. Finally the indicators most commonly mentioned were objective and involved an increase in responsibility and better statistics. It is discussed in which way the results of this study can be further strengthened by the results of earlier studies and theories.
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Wilkings, Ann Michelle. "Agrarian Transitions in Aquarian Contexts: Fisheries Transitions in Vietnam’s Tam Giang Lagoon." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26284.
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This thesis investigates agrarian transitions within aquarian contexts by investigating livelihood transitions in a small rural fishing village in central Vietnam. Examined are powers at play that inform livelihood transitions as fishers and fish farmers respond by moving in and out of different production systems in order to maintain their fishing and fish farming livelihoods. This research reveals that aquarian transitions in Vietnam could follow a similar trajectory of agrarian transitions whereby smaller, less efficient production systems make room for more efficient economies of scale. In conducting a thorough and detailed empirical analysis of production systems, the socio-economic relations that shape production systems, and natural resource governance within the Vietnamese context, this research contributes to a better understanding of the knowledge surrounding fishery resources and livelihood options.
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Werner, Philipp. "Dissipative quantum phase transitions /." Zürich, 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16134.
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Forrest, S. "Agglomeration and flow transitions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599122.
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In agglomeration using liquid binders, powders are agitated in the presence of liquid to form structured products but the detailed flow fields during processing have not been investigated. Systematic experiments have been performed in a mechanical mixer (diameter 250mm) with ploughshare impellers to examine the effect of processing variables on the velocity fields and torque during agglomeration. Liquid to powder ratio, impeller rotation speed and initial powder volume fill were varied and agglomerate properties were measured. Coincident transitions of the mechanism of agglomeration and type of flow were induced by varying the impeller speed. At around 4Hz the mode of the agglomerate size distribution increased rapidly together with an increase in tap bulk density, a weakening of the agglomerates, and a change in the relationship between torque and time. Tracers were used to show that there was an associated change in the size enlargement mechanism from crushing and layering to coalescence. Detailed velocity information, obtained using a positron camera, showed that at around 4Hz the particle angular velocity increased rapidly while mean axial velocity and the axial dispersion coefficient were greatest. Some particles left the bed as the transition from gravity-dominated to centrifuging flow occurred. For all conditions around 90% of the agglomerates were moving at less than 30% of the impeller tip speed and it is likely that the impeller Froude number (Fr) is not the appropriate criterion to designate the transition from gravity-dominated to centrifuging flow. For instance at 4Hz (Fr=8), around 5% of the agglomerates and none of the sand had a particle Froude number (Frp) greater than 1. At 6Hz (Fr=18), 20% of the agglomerates and 5% of the sand had Frp>l. Hence the particle Froude number is a better criterion to determine the onset of centrifuging flow. Taken together, the agglomerate properties and velocity distributions were consistent with the current binary collision model for agglomeration. In order to further improve knowledge of agglomeration it is essential to conduct integrated studies of agglomerate properties and flow fields using well-defined systems together with physically-based approaches to modelling.
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Palmer, David Cristopher. "Phase transitions in leucite." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357876.
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Xu, Jun. "Transitions -- Design a Courthouse." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46203.
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The project is a courthouse designed in the town of Blacksburg. It will not only provides an important and functional public building in the local architectural history, but also improves the urban situation and zoning separation of the town. The corner condition of the project is the focus point of the design, with the architectural interpretation of transition of the scale, material, and the path. The hierarchy of the civic spirit is considered in the façade as well as in the courtrooms themselves.Master of Architecture
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Heydarian, Niloofar. "Light and shadow transitions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85152.
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Transition is the movement between the past and the future. In architecture, transition is both temporal and spatial. It is the interstitial space where changes happen. A thoughtful architectural transition prepares for journey ahead by intensifying aspects of space and relating it to the before and after. In the analogous the trifold structure of time and tenses, transition could be designated as the present, situate between past and future.
Transition is always assumed as a space that connects the two other spaces. The thesis claims that a building functions better with a thoughtful transition. It is based on an assumption that a well-considered transition is an architectural offering to better comprehend change.Master of Architecture
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Wabeke, Cherie Anne. "Maternity transitions in management." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/84573.
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This study looks at how the transition experience of pregnancy, maternity leave and return to work shapes women’s careers in management. Under the umbrella of qualitative methodology, the research epistemology is informed through a phenomenological inquiry and uses interpretivism as a way of understanding how women interpret their life-world experience. The qualitative study allows for the stories of 17 women and 4 HR/Line managers experiencing workforce transitions to be told. The Mosaic Model is the resulting framework that explains the findings for how women, who are mothers, build and manage their professional identity and achieve career goals or maintain their aspirations in management. It shows how the mosaic is built through the regulatory, organisational and individual layers. The findings from this research provide a base for understanding individual and organisational transition themes. The Mosaic Model provides a backdrop to the careful arrangement, positioning and presentation of the transition identity during the experience, highlighting how women manage their extra pieces and how they fit these within a structured organisational context. Furthermore, it contributes to the existing body of work relating to women in management and organisational practice. In doing so, the study identifies the need for new work patterns that reflect flexibilisation for women, workforce transition training for organisations and coaching for managers and women as a vehicle to explore expectations and design fit for purpose roles. The aim of the Mosaic Model is to provide a vehicle for discussion that may help springboard new working styles in the contemporary workplace that promote fusion rather than separation between motherhood and management identities.
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Qin, Zecong. "Transitions in Axisymmetric Turbulence." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC023/document.
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La turbulence axisymétrique est un écoulement bidimensionnel trois-composantes. L’étude de ce type de turbulence est motivée par le fait que celle-ci représente la limite asymptotique des écoulements anisotropes, et qu’elle a été le sujet des investigations théoriques dans le passé. Dans ce manuscrit, la turbulence axisymétrique a étudié en géométrie fermée en utilisant des simulations numériques spectrales et pseudo-spectrales.Études antérieures concernant la génération des structures cohérentes, obtenues dans les écoulements en déclin libre, sont considérées ici dans le contexte des écoulements statistiquement stationnaires, où l’énergie est injectée soit par un forçage spectralement localisé ou par une rotation des disques en haut et en bas du cylindre. On montre que les structures observées sont conformes aux prédictions théoriques.Lorsqu’un protocole de forçage anisotrope est utilisé, une bifurcation est observée entre un état non-tourbillonnant (bidimensionnel deux-composantes, 2D2C) et un écoulement tourbillonnant turbulent (bidimensionnel trois-composante, 2D3C). Cette transition est modélisée à travers un système de deux équations différentielles ordinaires (ODE), et on montre que ce modèle retient la physique essentielle de cette transition. La transition de l’écoulement axisymétrique à un écoulement tridimensionnel (3D3C) est ensuite étudiée à l’aide d’une dimension non-entière, en introduisant de façon continue la variation azimutale dans le système. On montre que la limite 2D2C est singulière et qu’une petite variation azimutale permet une redistribution d’énergie sur les différentes composante énergétiques. Le modèle ODE est adapté pour ce système et on montre que pour l’écoulement considéré la corrélation pression-déformation est responsable d'un niveau approximativement proportionnel à la dimension non-entière. Des Simulations des Grandes Echelles sont réalisées pour évaluer la robustesse des observations à grands nombres de ReynoldsAxisymmetric turbulence is a two-dimensional three-component flow. The investigation of this type of turbulence is motivated by the fact that it represents the asymptotic limit of anisotropic flows and since it has been the subject of theoretical investigations in the past. In the present manuscript such a flow is investigated in wall-bounded cylindrical geometry using spectral and pseudo-spectral numerical simulations.Previous results on the generation of coherent structures, obtained for freely decaying flow, are here assessed in the context of statistically steady flow, where the energy is supplied by either a spectrally localized forcing, or by moving top and bottom plates of the cylinder. It is shown that the observed structures are consistent with theoretical predictions.When an anisotropic forcing protocol is used, a bifurcation is observed from a non-swirling (two-dimensional two-component, 2D2C) flow to a swirling (two-dimensional three-component 2D3C) turbulent flow. This transition is modelled by a system of two ordinary differential equations (ODE), and it is shown that this model retains the essential physics of the transition.The transition of the axisymmetric flow to three-dimensional (3D3C) flow is then studied using non-integer dimension, by smoothly introducing azimuthal variation into the system. It is shown that the 2D2C limit is singular and that small azimuthal variation allows a redistribution of energy over the different energy components. The ODE model is adapted for this system and it is shown that for the considered flow the pressure-strain correlation is responsible for a swirl-level approximately proportional to the non-integer dimension. Large-Eddy Simulations are carried out to assess the robustness of the observations at higher Reynolds number
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Qin, Zecong. "Transitions in Axisymmetric Turbulence." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC023.
Full textAbstract:
La turbulence axisymétrique est un écoulement bidimensionnel trois-composantes. L’étude de ce type de turbulence est motivée par le fait que celle-ci représente la limite asymptotique des écoulements anisotropes, et qu’elle a été le sujet des investigations théoriques dans le passé. Dans ce manuscrit, la turbulence axisymétrique a étudié en géométrie fermée en utilisant des simulations numériques spectrales et pseudo-spectrales.Études antérieures concernant la génération des structures cohérentes, obtenues dans les écoulements en déclin libre, sont considérées ici dans le contexte des écoulements statistiquement stationnaires, où l’énergie est injectée soit par un forçage spectralement localisé ou par une rotation des disques en haut et en bas du cylindre. On montre que les structures observées sont conformes aux prédictions théoriques.Lorsqu’un protocole de forçage anisotrope est utilisé, une bifurcation est observée entre un état non-tourbillonnant (bidimensionnel deux-composantes, 2D2C) et un écoulement tourbillonnant turbulent (bidimensionnel trois-composante, 2D3C). Cette transition est modélisée à travers un système de deux équations différentielles ordinaires (ODE), et on montre que ce modèle retient la physique essentielle de cette transition. La transition de l’écoulement axisymétrique à un écoulement tridimensionnel (3D3C) est ensuite étudiée à l’aide d’une dimension non-entière, en introduisant de façon continue la variation azimutale dans le système. On montre que la limite 2D2C est singulière et qu’une petite variation azimutale permet une redistribution d’énergie sur les différentes composante énergétiques. Le modèle ODE est adapté pour ce système et on montre que pour l’écoulement considéré la corrélation pression-déformation est responsable d'un niveau approximativement proportionnel à la dimension non-entière. Des Simulations des Grandes Echelles sont réalisées pour évaluer la robustesse des observations à grands nombres de ReynoldsAxisymmetric turbulence is a two-dimensional three-component flow. The investigation of this type of turbulence is motivated by the fact that it represents the asymptotic limit of anisotropic flows and since it has been the subject of theoretical investigations in the past. In the present manuscript such a flow is investigated in wall-bounded cylindrical geometry using spectral and pseudo-spectral numerical simulations.Previous results on the generation of coherent structures, obtained for freely decaying flow, are here assessed in the context of statistically steady flow, where the energy is supplied by either a spectrally localized forcing, or by moving top and bottom plates of the cylinder. It is shown that the observed structures are consistent with theoretical predictions.When an anisotropic forcing protocol is used, a bifurcation is observed from a non-swirling (two-dimensional two-component, 2D2C) flow to a swirling (two-dimensional three-component 2D3C) turbulent flow. This transition is modelled by a system of two ordinary differential equations (ODE), and it is shown that this model retains the essential physics of the transition.The transition of the axisymmetric flow to three-dimensional (3D3C) flow is then studied using non-integer dimension, by smoothly introducing azimuthal variation into the system. It is shown that the 2D2C limit is singular and that small azimuthal variation allows a redistribution of energy over the different energy components. The ODE model is adapted for this system and it is shown that for the considered flow the pressure-strain correlation is responsible for a swirl-level approximately proportional to the non-integer dimension. Large-Eddy Simulations are carried out to assess the robustness of the observations at higher Reynolds number
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Kupatadze, Alexander. "‘Transitions after transitions’ : coloured revolutions and organized crime in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1320.
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This dissertation addresses organized crime in post-Soviet Eurasia (Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan) exploring the nexus between politics, business and crime. Based on extensive field research in the three countries the dissertation examines organized crime groups in the region and describes their inter-relationships with political and business elites, then discusses the impact of the three countries’ Coloured Revolutions on crime and corruption. The impacts of the revolutions on organized crime are situated in several variables, among them political opposition to incumbent regimes; the strength of civil society and the role of organized crime groups during the revolutionary processes; personal morals of the leaders and their views on cooperation with organized crime; and the presence and nature of the “pact” between outgoing and incoming elites. The dissertation also takes into account larger explanatory variables, such as geography, natural resources, industry, and regional wars and documents their role in shaping organized crime. In accounting for the diverging patterns of the three countries in terms of post-revolutionary effects on crime and corruption, the role of the West, defined as a “push” factor for democratization, and the experience of earlier statehood are also considered. The interaction between elites and criminals is regarded as a crucial part of state formation, and is characterized by shifting dominance between the actors of the underworld and upperworld. The thesis identifies points of cooperation and conflict between licit and illicit actors, and provides insight into the collusive nature of criminal networks in the post-Soviet context, arguing that the distinction between licit and illicit is frequently blurred and the representatives of the upperworld are sometimes key participants in organized criminal activity.
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Aryal, Anil. "PHASE TRANSITIONS AND MAGNETOCALORIC EFFECTS IN Ni1−xCrxMnGe1.05 AND GdNi2Mnx." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1755.
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The magnetocaloric and thermomagnetic properties of the Ni1-xCrxMnGe1.05 (for x = 0, 0.035, 0.070, 0.105, 0.110, 0.115, and 0.120) system have been studied by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), resistivity and magnetization measurements. A change in crystal structure from orthorhombic to hexagonal was observed in the XRD data with an increase in chromium concentrations. The values of the cell parameters and volume of the unit cell for hexagonal phase were determined. It was found that the partial substitution of Cr for Ni in Ni1-xCrxMnGe1.05 results in a first order magnetostructural transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM) at TM of about132 K, 100 K, and 110 K for x= 0.105, 0.115, and 0.120, respectively. A FM to paramagnetic second order transition has been observed at TC around 200K. A magnetic entropy change of = 4.5 J/kg K, 5.6 J/Kg K, and 5.06 J/Kg K was observed in the vicinity of TC for x = 0.105, 0.115, and 0.120 respectively at ΔH = 5T. The values of the latent heat and corresponding total entropy changes have been determined from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements. Magnetoresistance values of about -5% were measured near TC for x =0.105. The maximum value of refrigeration capacity (RC) and relative cooling power (RCP) was found to be 155 J/Kg and 175 J/Kg respectively for x = 0.120. A concentration-dependent (T-x) phase diagram of transition temperatures has been constructed using the magnetic and DSC data. The structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of GdNi2Mnx system (for x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5) have been studied by x-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. A mixture of the Laves phase C15 and a phase with rhombohedral structure PuNi3- type (space group R m) was observed in the XRD data. A second order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) was found, characterized by a long-range exchange interaction as predicted by mean field theory. The maximum value of magnetic entropy changes, -∆SM, near TC for ∆H = 5T, was found to be 3.1 J/KgK, 2.8 J/KgK, 2.9 J/KgK, and 2.5 J/Kg K for x = 0.8, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.5 respectively. In spite of the low values of ΔSM, the RC and RCP value was found to be 176 J/Kg and 220 J/Kg for the GdNi2Mn0.8 compound, respectively.
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Downey-McCarthy, Rosemarie. "Postsecondary Educational Transitions for At-Risk Youth: Exploration of the College Transition Support Program." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13404.
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Working within a Social Cognitive Career Theory framework, the study explored outcomes associated with participation in a dual-enrollment (high school and community college) College Transition Support Program (CTSP). The study used three data points over a nine month period to explore whether participation in the CTSP was associated with changes in college self-efficacy, education-related future aspirations and goals, perceived barriers, perceived support, locus of control, depression, anxiety, academic achievement-related expectations, academic achievement-related fears, and academic achievement-related expectation-fear balance, as well as college persistence and cumulative college GPA.
Repeated measure responses of a group of 34 CTSP students were contrasted with a group of 34 students in a non-equivalent comparison group. Baseline data for a group of 207 non-CTSP alternative high school students were also used to test for selection bias for both of the longitudinal groups.
Doubly multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance (DMRM-ANOVA) procedures were conducted. Multivariate results suggested that participation in the CTSP was associated with positive, statistically significant growth in the weighted linear combination of outcome variables.
Repeated measures univariate analyses were also conducted to provide more detail. CTSP participation was associated with growth over time on several positive student outcomes, including college self-efficacy, education-related future aspirations and goals, academic achievement-related expectation-fear balance, academic locus of control, and college persistence/retention. In addition, CTSP students earned significantly higher cumulative college GPAs over their first year at the community college.
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Topaj, Dmitri. "Synchronization transitions in complex systems." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/2002/0006/topaj.pdf.
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Fliegans, Olivier. "Phase transitions in "small" systems." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2001/93/index.html.
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Hamdan, May. "Horizontal and Vertical Concept Transitions." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-82539.
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Rowley, Stephen Edward. "Quantum phase transitions in ferroelectrics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252224.
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Elias, Ricardo. "Solitons magnétiques et transitions topologiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4712/document.
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Dans cette thèse nous étudions théoriquement et numériquement les solitons magnétiques et leurs transitions topologiques. Dans une première partie, nous trouvons une solution en 3 dimensions appelée Point de Bloch qui vient de la minimisation de l'énergie d'échange, de l'énergie de Landau et de l'énergie dipolaire. Les oscillations autour du point de Bloch sont trouvées et quantifiées pour étudier le rôle des fluctuations quantiques dans sa stabilité.Dans une deuxième partie, nous regardons l'évolution d'un système ferromagnétique avec des textures de topologie non-triviale, couplé à des électrons itinérants qui interagissent avec la texture au moyen de leurs spins. Ce système physique est modelé avec l'équation de Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert couplée à l'équation de Schrödinger des électrons quantiques. Des transitions topologiques sont observées et mises dans un cadre général. De la grande quantité des transitions topologiques observées, nous distinguons les différents rôles que jouent les électrons selon le régime et l'ensemble de paramètres. Les ordres de grandeur temporels et spatiales des transitions topologiques montrent l'importance des effets quantiques ainsi que des effets de discrétisation du problèmeIn this thesis we study the magnetic solitons and its topological transitions, both theoretically and numerically. In the first part, we find a particular configuration of what is denominated the Bloch Point, a three-dimensional solution of the Free Energy minimization with exchange, Landau and dipolar terms. Oscillations around the Bloch point are found and quantized in order to understand the role of quantum fluctuations over its stability.In the second part, we look at the evolution of a system coupling ferromagnetic textures with nontrivial topology, with itinerant electrons. The interaction between the magnetic texture and the electrons is understood by means of spin-torque phenomena. This physical system is modeled with the equation Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation coupled with Schrödinger equation for quantum electrons. Topological transitions are observed and understood in a general framework that unifies older works done in a more classical context. Among the large amount of topological transitions observed, we can distinguish the different roles played by electrons depending on parameters. The orders of magnitude of time and space in the topological transition events show the importance of quantum effects as well as the fundamental role of discretization
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Oukouiss, Abdelkarim. "Phase transitions in ferromagnetic fluids." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211920.
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Arnold, Bruce Robert Banking & Finance Australian School of Business UNSW. "Ratings transitions and total return." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Banking & Finance, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43791.
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The expected yield to maturity on a defaultable obligation equals the nominal yield less expected default losses. However, in a mark-to-market world, one doesn't have the luxury of reporting one's performance on the basis of yield to maturity. Total return is calculated for an arbitrary holding period, and must reflect any mark-to-market gains or losses as at the close of the period-gains or losses that can be triggered by the bond's upgrade or downgrade. Thus to estimate expected total return, one must estimate not only expected default losses, but also the impact on capital price of expected ratings transitions. This paper begins with the observation that a bond which is blessed by more favourable transition characteristics is likely to produce a higher total return, and poses the question of how that benefit can be quantified. How much is it worth? To answer the question, I start by specifying a formal bond-pricing model reflective of ratings transitions. I survey various statistical methods and past research efforts to identify the ratings-transition matrix which best parametrises the model, and propose a novel test for selecting between competing matrices. Using this approach, I replicate several important studies of ratings transitions. I also use it to examine new published and unpublished data, testing for (and finding) ratings path-dependency, and otherwise exploring the effect of ratings changes on different bond sectors. I then turn to the question of whether it is possible to estimate bond-specific transition probabilities, and propose a way to do so. I combine these efforts into the specifications for a pricing model capable of answering the question: How much is it worth?
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Irving, Robyn Lee. "Intergenerational transitions in parenting practices." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0001/NQ27964.pdf.
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Gallinger, Mary Christina. "Strategies for transitions to retirement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/MQ49174.pdf.
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Eliasson, Ann-Charlotte. "Smooth transitions in macroeconomic relationships." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.) (EFI), 1999. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/516.htm.
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Bernoff, A. J. "Transitions from order in convection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383057.
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Wood, Andrew James. "Fluctuation effects at filling transitions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269975.
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Casson, Brian Derek. "Phase transitions in surfactant monolayers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300797.
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Fairhurst, David John. "Polydispersity in colloidal phase transitions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1496.
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I have studied the effects of polydispersity on the phase behaviour of suspensions of PMMA colloidal spheres on their own and in the presence of non-adsorbed polymer. I systematically explored the volume fraction-polydispersity phase behaviour of hard spheres (with radii R =167, 244, 300 and 303nm) through direct observations and crystallography measurements. I observed normal crystallisation for sigma < 7:5%, and no crystals at sigma > 18%. Samples at sigma ~~ 9.5% showed crystal-fluid coexistence between 0:52 < phi < 0:56 but no fully crystalline be- haviour above this region. This may be explained by slow particle diffusion in the dense metastable fluid and a glass transition, possibly involving only the larger particles. The addition of random coil polymer (radius of gyration rg) to a suspension of single-sized spherical colloidal particles induces an attractive depletion potential which, for size ratios Xi = rg=R < 0:2, has the effect of expanding the crystal-fluid coexistence region. Surprisingly, when such a polymer solution (with Xi = 0:1), with a range of concentrations cp, is added to a polydisperse colloidal suspension (sigma ~~ 10%), crystal formation is actually suppressed. This can be explained by the fact that the polymer compresses the nascent crystal phase to volume fractions greater than the maximum phi permitted for polydisperse spheres. By modifying existing free energy equations to include the effects of colloidal polydispersity we also succeed in reproducing the observed phase diagram. Larger added polymer (Xi > 0:3) introduces a region of stable gas-liquid coexistence. In systems where crystallisation is suppressed due to polydispersity, this will theoretically be the only transition. By preparing many samples over a range of phi and cp this prediction was observed experimentally for Xi = 0:5. Fractionation studies on coexisting phases enabled verification of a recent universal law of fractionation in slightly polydisperse systems.
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Dolzhenko, Egor. "Modeling State Transitions with Automata." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4468.
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Models based on various types of automata are ubiquitous in modern science. These models allow reasoning about deep theoretical questions and provide a basis for the development of efficient algorithms to solve related computational problems. This work discusses several types of automata used in such models, including cellular automata and mandatory results automata.
The first part of this work is dedicated to cellular automata. These automata form an important class of discrete dynamical systems widely used to model physical, biological, and chemical processes. Here we discuss a way to study the dynamics of one-dimensional cellular automata through the theory of two-dimensional picture languages. The connection between cellular automata and picture languages stems from the fact that the set of all space-time diagrams of a cellular automaton defines a picture language. We will discuss a hierarchy of cellular automata based on the complexity of the picture languages that they define. In addition to this, we present a characterization of cellular automata that can be described by finite-state transducers.
The second part of this work presents a theory of runtime enforcement based on mech- anism models called Mandatory Results Automata (MRAs). MRAs can monitor and trans- form security-relevant actions and their results. Because previous work could not model general security monitors transforming results, MRAs capture realistic behaviors outside the scope of previous models. MRAs also have a simple but realistic operational seman- tics that makes it straightforward to define concrete MRAs. Moreover, the definitions of policies and enforcement with MRAs are significantly simpler and more expressive than those of previous models. Putting all these features together, we argue that MRAs make good general models of (synchronous) runtime mechanisms, upon which a theory of run- time enforcement can be based. We develop some enforceability theory by characterizing the policies deterministic and nondeterministic MRAs enforce.
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Romeis, Dirk. "Conformational Transitions in Polymer Brushes." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-139354.
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A polymer brush is formed by densely grafting the chain ends of polymers onto a surface. This tethering of the long macromolecules has considerable influence on the surface properties, which can be additionally modified by changing the environmental conditions. In this context it is of special interest to understand and control the behavior of the grafted layer and to create surfaces that display a desired response to external stimulation.
The present work studies densely grafted polymer brushes and the effects that such an environment imposes on an individual chain molecule in the grafted layer. For this purpose we developed a new self-consistent field approach to describe mixtures of heterogeneous chains comprised of differently sized hard spheres. Applying this method to the case of polymer brushes we consider a fraction of grafted molecules to be different from the majority brush chains. The modification of these chains includes a variation in the degree of polymerization, a different solvent selectivity behavior and a variable size of the free end-monomer. Due to the computational efficiency of the present approach, as compared for example to direct simulation methods, we can study the conformations of the modified 'guest' chains systematically in dependence of the relevant parameters. With respect to brush profile and the distribution of the free chain ends the new method shows very good quantitative agreement with corresponding simulation results. We also confirm the observation that these 'guest' chains can undergo a conformational transition depending on the type of modification and the solvent quality.
For the cases studied in the present work we analyze the conditions to achieve a most sensitive behavior of this conformational switching. In addition, an analytical model is proposed to describe this effect. We compare its predictions to the numerical results and find good agreement.
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Merkley, John. "Transitions : multi-media abstract sculpture." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1305451.
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The first objective of this creative project was to create seven Non-figurative, abstract, multi-media (wood, metals, clay, concrete, glass) sculptures that attempted to express some of the feelings experienced during transitions in life. The second objective was to explore the continuum of abstract sculptural art: from art being simply aesthetically stimulating compositions to art that emphasizes meaning or purpose first, and being aesthetically pleasing or stimulating second.Department of Art
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Delivorias, Nikitas Alex. "Cosmic structure from phase transitions." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4702/.
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Motivated by recent observations suggesting that structures in the Universe appear to be concentrated on the walls of bubbles that surround giant voids, we examine the possibility that the observed structure may have resulted from a first order phase transition that occured after inflation and which proceeded by quantum tunnelling and the formation of bubbles of true vacuum. Since we lack a fundamental theory of particle physics that would define the scalar field responsible for the second phase change and predict the scale of the resulting structures, we instead examine two similar parametrised forms for the potential motivated by the standard Higgs model, and attempt to determine values of the parameters that can reproduce the kind of structures that are observed through bubble wall collisions. The method deployed is quite general and can be applied to any phase transition that occured after inflation. It is found that although the shape of the required potential and its coupling can be determined, the epoch of the proposed second phase transition is in general not specified by the observed structures. The full verification or otherwise of our proposal will require not only a more detailed consideration of its predictions for the large scale structure of the Universe and its compatibility with the cosmic microwave background radiation but also the embedding of our ideas in a credible theory of particle physics beyond the Standard Model.
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Johnson, Colin Terence. "Fine structure transitions in astrophysics." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317096.
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Robinson, David John Robert. "Transitions in medium sized atoms." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359122.
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Denley, Martyn R. "Carbonate platform to basin transitions." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235490.
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Hayta, Mehmet. "Thermal transitions in wheat gluten." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299298.
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