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1
Novaro, O. "Importance of the excited states of transition metal atoms for catalytic and photocatalytic processe." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 287 (November 1993): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(93)87225-3.
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Li, Ang, and Jin Yun Pu. "Optimization of Ship Field Repair Scheduling Based on Depth First Search Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 2152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.2152.
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Ship field repair sheduling is a asynchronism and concurrency process. Although it is complex, it is very important in the field repair decision at wartime. Through the optimal field repair scheduling, we can reduce the total repair time and improve repair efficiency. Regretly ship field repair scheduling optimization model has not been researched perfectly. Generally speaking, there are field repair processes of two kinds. Repair processe of one kind is that the repair sequence is fixed and the repair resource need not be scheduled. It is used to schedule repair tasks of the same kind. Repair processe of the other kind is that the repair resoure should be scheduled to reduce the total repair time. It is used to schedule the repair tasks of the different kind. The scheduling method of the first kind has been researched in math work. But the math model turns to be complex when the amount of the object increases. The scheduling method of the second kind is more complex than the first one. It is a typical asynchronism and concurrency process. So the new feasible models should be researched. Based on the repair processes of the two kinds, two ship field repair scheduling models are founded based on timed colored Petri net (TCPN) and depth first search method in this paper. The timed colored Petri net is used to model repair process and its transition rules are used to design the arithmetic. The arithmetics of the two models are explained in detail. In the second arithmetic, the conflict-solution is researched particularly. Conflict-solution method is corresponding to the field repair resource scheduling plan. The conflict-solution problem is solved based on depth first search method of artifical intelligence. Through the examples of the use of the two arithmetics, we find that the arithmetics given in this paper are very feasible and convenient. The field repair scheduling optimization models are the basic of the ship field repair and safety recovery intelligent decision support system. Through the optimization models we can generate the repair scheduling plan intelligently. That is to say the two models are not only optimization models but also intelligent models.
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Tang, Xiaochu, and Yuan Li. "Phase division and transition modeling based on the dominant phase identification for multiphase batch process quality prediction." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 42, no. 5 (November 4, 2019): 1022–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331219881343.
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Batch processes are carried out from one steady phase to another one, which may have multiphase and transitions. Modeling in transitions besides in the steady phases should also be taken into consideration for quality prediction. In this paper, a quality prediction strategy is proposed for multiphase batch processes. First, a new repeatability factor is introduced to divide batch process into different steady phases and transitions. Then, the different local cumulative models that considered the cumulative effect of process variables on quality are established for steady phases and transitions. Compared with the reported modeling methods in transitions, a novel just-in-time model can be established based on the dominant phase identification. The proposed method can not only consider the dynamic characteristic in the transition but also improve the accuracy and the efficiency of transitional models. Finally, online quality prediction is performed by accumulating the prediction results from different phases and transitions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by penicillin fermentation process.
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de Boer, Bram, Hilde Verbeek, and Joseph Gaugler. "Transitions to Long-Term Residential Care Settings." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.855.
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Abstract During their life course, many older adults encounter a transition between care settings, for example, a permanent move into long-term residential care. This care transition is a complex and often fragmented process, which is associated with an increased risk of negative health outcomes, rehospitalisation, and even mortality. Therefore, care transitions should be avoided where possible and the process for necessary transitions should be optimised to ensure continuity of care. Transitional care is therefore a key research topic. The TRANS-SENIOR European Joint Doctorate (EJD) network builds capacity for tackling a major challenge facing European long-term care systems: the need to improve care for an increasing number of care-dependent older adults by avoiding unnecessary transitions and optimising necessary care transitions. During this symposium, four presenters from the Netherlands and Switzerland will present different aspects of transitions into long-term residential care. The first speaker presents the results of a co-creation approach in developing an intervention aimed at preventing unnecessary care transitions. The second speaker presents an overview of interventions aiming to improve a transition from home to a nursing home, highlighting the clear mismatch between theory and practice. The third speaker presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on transitions into long-term residential care using an ethnographic study in a long-term residential care facility in Switzerland. The final speaker discusses the results of a recent Delphi study on key factors influencing implementing innovations in transitional care. The discussant will relate previous findings on transitional care with a U.S. perspective.
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Reifsteck, Erin J., Jamian D. Newton, Melinda B. Smith, DeAnne Davis Brooks, and Shelby N. Anderson. "Journey From Control to Liberation: Exploring Student-Athletes’ Physical Activity Perceptions and Experiences in the Transition Out of Collegiate Sport." Sport Psychologist 36, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2020-0169.
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There is growing interest in how athletes’ physical activity participation may be impacted when they transition out of competitive sport; however, few studies have examined the process of physical activity transitions in collegiate student-athletes using a qualitative approach. The purpose of our study was to explore student-athletes’ perceptions of, and experiences with, physical activity in the transition out of collegiate sport. Our analysis of transcripts from 13 focus groups conducted with current and former student-athletes (n = 59) suggests that student-athletes experienced a journey from control to liberation as they transitioned into their postcompetitive lives. In this exciting yet challenging transitional journey, participants were faced with navigating newfound autonomy over their physical activity outside of the controlled environment of collegiate sports and were considering the value and meaning of physical activity within a health promoting context. We offer practical recommendations from these findings to support student-athletes in this transition.
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Segers, Veerle, Peter Aerts, Matthieu Lenoir, and Dirk De Clercq. "External Forces during Actual Acceleration across Transition Speed." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 24, no. 4 (November 2008): 340–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.24.4.340.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the kinetics of the walk-to-run transition (WRT) and run-to-walk transition (RWT), when accelerating or decelerating across transition speed (a = 0.17 m·s−2). Nine women performed gait transitions on a 50-m-long walkway. Vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) and the center of pressure (COP) were examined in the range from 3 steps before to 3 steps after transition in order to identify the possible occurrence of a transition process, in order to facilitate the actual realization of transition. The actual transition is realized in one step, during WRT and RWT. This transition step was characterized by an outlying vertical GRF and COP trajectory (deviating from walking and running). Despite this clear discontinuity, a transitional adaptation period (process) appeared in both transitions. In the WRT, transition was prepared and kinetic adaptations were found in the last step before transition. The RWT was pre- and “post”-pared and only completed during the first walking step after transition. Thus, the WRT and RWT are two distinct phenomena, with different kinetics.
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Anantharam, Venkat, and Takis Konstantopoulos. "A functional central limit theorem for the jump counts of Markov processes with an application to Jackson networks." Advances in Applied Probability 27, no. 2 (June 1995): 476–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427836.
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Each feasible transition between two distinct states i and j of a continuous-time, uniform, ergodic, countable-state Markov process gives a counting process counting the number of such transitions executed by the process. Traffic processes in Markovian queueing networks can, for instance, be represented as sums of such counting processes. We prove joint functional central limit theorems for the family of counting processes generated by all feasible transitions. We characterize which weighted sums of counts have zero covariance in the limit in terms of balance equations in the transition diagram of the process. Finally, we apply our results to traffic processes in a Jackson network. In particular, we derive simple formulas for the asymptotic covariances between the processes counting the number of customers moving between pairs of nodes in such a network.
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Anantharam, Venkat, and Takis Konstantopoulos. "A functional central limit theorem for the jump counts of Markov processes with an application to Jackson networks." Advances in Applied Probability 27, no. 02 (June 1995): 476–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800026963.
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Each feasible transition between two distinct states i and j of a continuous-time, uniform, ergodic, countable-state Markov process gives a counting process counting the number of such transitions executed by the process. Traffic processes in Markovian queueing networks can, for instance, be represented as sums of such counting processes. We prove joint functional central limit theorems for the family of counting processes generated by all feasible transitions. We characterize which weighted sums of counts have zero covariance in the limit in terms of balance equations in the transition diagram of the process. Finally, we apply our results to traffic processes in a Jackson network. In particular, we derive simple formulas for the asymptotic covariances between the processes counting the number of customers moving between pairs of nodes in such a network.
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Shin, Ji Youn, Nkiru Okammor, Karly Hendee, Amber Pawlikowski, Grace Jenq, and David Bozaan. "Development of the Socioeconomic Screening, Active Engagement, Follow-up, Education, Discharge Readiness, and Consistency (SAFEDC) Model for Improving Transitions of Care: Participatory Design." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 4 (April 12, 2022): e31277. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31277.
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Background Transition to home after hospitalization involves the potential risk of adverse patient events, such as knowledge deficits related to self-care, medication errors, and readmissions. Despite broad organizational efforts to provide better care transitions for patients, there are challenges in implementing interventions that effectively improve care transition outcomes, as evidenced by readmission rates. Collaborative efforts that require health care professionals, patients, and caregivers to work together are necessary to identify gaps associated with transitions of care and generate effective transitional care interventions. Objective This study aims to understand the usefulness of participatory design approaches in identifying the design implications of transition of care interventions in health care settings. Through a series of participatory design workshops, we have brought stakeholders of the health care system together. With a shared understanding of care transition and patient experience, we have provided participants with opportunities to generate possible design implications for care transitions. Methods We selected field observations in clinical settings and participatory design workshops to develop transitional care interventions that serve each hospital’s unique situation and context. Patient journey maps were created and functioned as tools for creating a shared understanding of the discharge process across different stakeholders in the health care environment. The intervention sustainability was also assessed. By applying thematic analysis methods, we analyzed the problem statements and proposed interventions collected from participatory design workshops. The findings showed patterns of major discussion during the workshop. Results On the basis of the workshop results, we formalized the transition of care model—the socioeconomic, active engagement, follow-up, education, discharge readiness tool, and consistency (Integrated Michigan Patient-centered Alliance in Care Transitions transition of care model)—which other organizations can apply to improve patient experiences in care transition. This model highlights the most significant themes that should necessarily be considered to improve the transition of care. Conclusions Our study presents the benefits of the participatory design approach in defining the challenges associated with transitions of care related to patient discharge and generating sustainable interventions to improve care transitions.
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Kozlov, Georgiy, Musa Bashorov, Abdulakh Mikitaev, and Gennady Zaikov. "The transition nanoreactor-nanoparticle in epoxy polymers curing process." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2008): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.04.281.
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It has been shown that for curing reaction in fractal space the reaction rate constant reduction is typical. Another typical feature of this reaction is the formation of a large number of microgels with smaller molecular weight in comparison with reaction in Euclidean space at the same conversion degree. The dimensional border between nanoreactor and nanoparticle for the curing reaction under consideration has been obtained.
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Cumming, Therese M., and Emily N. Smedley. "Life Span Transitions for a Student With LD." Intervention in School and Clinic 52, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053451216644826.
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Transition planning and processes can greatly influence the quality of schooling transitions for students with learning disabilities. Student-focused planning and family involvement are two integral components of transition planning that do not always receive the emphasis that they deserve. The educational transitions of one student are examined through the lens of the student and her mother, with a focus on these two areas. These experiences are compared to research-based transition practices, with recommendations for improving the process for other students with learning disabilities in the future.
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López, Gloria, and Pilar Estrada. "Effect of Temperature on Xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei QM 9414: A Calorimetric, Catalytic, and Conformational Study." Enzyme Research 2014 (September 7, 2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/708676.
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The secondary structure of xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei is lost in an apparent irreversible cooperative process as temperature is increased with a midpoint transition of 58.8 ± 0.1°C. The shift of the spectral centre of mass above 50°C is also apparently cooperative with midpoint transition of 56.3 ± 0.2°C, but the existence of two isofluorescent points in the fluorescence emission spectra suggests a non-two-state process. Further corroboration comes from differential scanning calorimetry experiments. At protein concentrations ≤0.56 mg·mL−1 the calorimetric transition is reversible and the data were fitted to a non-two-state model and deconvoluted into six transitions, whereas at concentrations greater than 0.56 mg·mL−1 the calorimetric transition is irreversible with an exothermic contribution to the thermogram. The apparent Tm increased linearly with the scan rate according to first order inactivation kinetics. The effect of additives on the calorimetric transition of xylanase is dependent on their nature. The addition of sorbitol transforms reversible transitions into irreversible transitions while stabilizing the protein as the apparent Tm increases linearly with sorbitol concentration. d-Glucono-1,5-lactone, a noncompetitive inhibitor in xylanase kinetics, and soluble xylan change irreversible processes into reversible processes at high protein concentration.
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Desperak, Iza. "Gender Dimension Of Waves Of Democratization: Abortion And Reproductive Right Between Eastern And Western Europe." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 1 (January 29, 2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n1p56.
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This paper focuses on the gender dimension of the transition processes of Western and Eastern Europe, which is viewed from the perspective of democratization processes, i. e. waves of democratization. Adding gender perspective to the analysis, results in the reconceptualization of the democratic approach to the transitional processes. As proposed by Charles Tilly, it requires an alternative approach such as de-democratisation. Some examples of countries with a chosen Western and Eastern European transitions system include: Spain, Portugal, Poland, and Romania. During the last fifty years, they showed how politics concerning reproductive rights, especially on the issue of abortion, differentiate between the real shape and the direction of transition processes which leads either to democratization or its complete opposite.
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Zeifman, Alexander, Anna Korotysheva, Yacov Satin, Victor Korolev, Sergey Shorgin, and Rostislav Razumchik. "Ergodicity and Perturbation Bounds for Inhomogeneous Birth and Death Processes with Additional Transitions from and to the Origin." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 787–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2015-0056.
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Abstract Service life of many real-life systems cannot be considered infinite, and thus the systems will be eventually stopped or will break down. Some of them may be re-launched after possible maintenance under likely new initial conditions. In such systems, which are often modelled by birth and death processes, the assumption of stationarity may be too strong and performance characteristics obtained under this assumption may not make much sense. In such circumstances, time-dependent analysis is more meaningful. In this paper, transient analysis of one class of Markov processes defined on non-negative integers, specifically, inhomogeneous birth and death processes allowing special transitions from and to the origin, is carried out. Whenever the process is at the origin, transition can occur to any state, not necessarily a neighbouring one. Being in any other state, besides ordinary transitions to neighbouring states, a transition to the origin can occur. All possible transition intensities are assumed to be non-random functions of time and may depend (except for transition to the origin) on the process state. To the best of our knowledge, first ergodicity and perturbation bounds for this class of processes are obtained. Extensive numerical results are also provided.
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Trisciuoglio, Marco, Michela Barosio, Ana Ricchiardi, Zeynep Tulumen, Martina Crapolicchio, and Rossella Gugliotta. "Transitional Morphologies and Urban Forms: Generation and Regeneration Processes—An Agenda." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 1, 2021): 6233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116233.
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Grounded in the study of urban morphology, this position paper seeks to overcome the analysis of the permanent elements of a city in the search for a transitional paradigm in urban morphology, with the aim of grasping the dynamics of urban evolution and providing operative tools for the design of urban regeneration through an adaptive approach. Four actions for urban analysis are suggested here to highlight urban dynamics through the use of different tools: (a) sorting the transitional steps of urban morphologies (within rapid market processes), (b) underlining rules and processes that characterize urban coding in transitions, (c) mapping urban assemblages in an adaptive city, and (d) reading and representing the phenomenon of urban permutation. The results of this multifaceted and multidimensional set of analytical tools make it possible to outline a new paradigm for design thinking that moves towards a parametric approach to the urban design of cities in transition by broadening the extent of the urban regeneration process and supporting urban policies in the framework of a community-based approach.
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Villegas, Pablo, Tommaso Gili, Andrea Gabrielli, and Guido Caldarelli. "Characterizing spatial point processes by percolation transitions." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2022, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 073202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ac7a2c.
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Abstract A set of discrete individual points located in an embedding continuum space can be seen as percolating or non-percolating, depending on the radius of the discs/spheres associated with each of them. This problem is relevant in theoretical ecology to analyze, e.g., the spatial percolation of a tree species in a tropical forest or a savanna. Here, we revisit the problem of aggregating random points in continuum systems (from 2 to 6-dimensional Euclidean spaces) to analyze the nature of the corresponding percolation transition in spatial point processes. This problem finds a natural description in terms of the canonical ensemble but not in the usual grand-canonical one, customarily employed to describe percolation transitions. This leads us to analyze the question of ensemble equivalence and study whether the resulting canonical continuum percolation transition shares its universal properties with standard percolation transitions, analyzing diverse homogeneous and heterogeneous spatial point processes. We, therefore, provide a powerful tool to characterize and classify a vast class of natural point patterns, revealing their fundamental properties based on percolation phase transitions.
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Avakumović, Jelena, Rade Tešić, and Danijela Karić. "Management of transition processes in the function of sustainable development." Odrzivi razvoj 3, no. 1 (2021): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/odrraz2101007a.
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The modern world is at a new historical turning point (transition from industrial to post-industrial or information society). Today, this is most often referred to as a transitional or transitional period. However, this process is often reduced as the transition of the planned economies of the former socialist countries to market economies and the transition of their authoritarian social systems to democratic societies. The modern transitional period represents the period of the realization of the third scientific and technological revolution (biotechnology, robotics, informatics, new materials, conquest of space and sea for production purposes), which changes both production forces and production relations. Namely, all this leads to a new organization of production, a new type and carrier of production management, changes the importance and role of ownership, factors of production, the nature of distribution, and thus suggests the creation of a new type of social relations. The process of socialization, humanization, new integration is being realized, new technologies are being developed, but also a new quality of life. It is reflected in the transformation of the capitalist and real-socialist mode of production into a new mode of production. We call this transitional stage the modern transitional or transitional period.
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Kleif, Helle Bendix. "A Typology of Transition Patterns Involving Long-Term NEET Episodes: Accumulation of Risk and Adversity." Youth 3, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/youth3010012.
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This paper uses Danish population-based administrative registers to study contemporary school-to-work transitions among young adults who experience long-term NEET episodes between age 16 and 20. By applying sequence analysis and clustering, this paper identifies five distinct transition patterns. Using this typology as the outcome variable in multinomial regression the paper offers insight into how experiences and circumstances, developing until age 16, can affect the subsequently unfolding transition process. Finally, the paper looks ahead and describes whether transitional difficulty accumulates into early adulthood. While one transition pattern stands out as more stable and less worrying, three of the remaining four demonstrate how transitional difficulty between age 16 and 20 develops as precarious patterns of attachment to well-established systems within the Danish welfare state. It is further established that various childhood risk factors significantly increase the odds of experiencing precarious transition patterns. Finally, the analyses demonstrate how instability and risk during childhood and school-to-work transition extend into early adulthood for a large part of the study population.
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Valadas, Sandra T., Carla Vilhena, and António Fragoso. "TRANSITIONS TO RETIREMENT: PERCEPTIONS OF PORTUGUESE OLDER MEN." Andragoška spoznanja 25, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.25.2.37-51.
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In this paper we present results based on the project Old Guys Say Yes to Community. We interviewed 90 men in southern Portugal between 60 and 93 years of age. Our main aim was to understand how older men experienced their transitions from work to retirement. We clarify the concept of transition and the models that explain transitions in the life course perspective. There are a number of factors to consider during the processes of retirement. Also, not much is known about the role of education and learning during the transition process. We try to contribute to the field, reflecting on the learning processes that result from this transition. Our findings show that work is one of the most crucial dimensions to consider in transitions to retirement (despite the fact that we identify many others). But education and learning do have an immense impact on the lives of older adults, either negative or positive.
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Chu, Xiakun, and Jin Wang. "Insights into the cell fate decision-making processes from chromosome structural reorganizations." Biophysics Reviews 3, no. 4 (December 2022): 041402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107663.
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The cell fate decision-making process, which provides the capability of a cell transition to a new cell type, involves the reorganizations of 3D genome structures. Currently, the high temporal resolution picture of how the chromosome structural rearrangements occur and further influence the gene activities during the cell-state transition is still challenging to acquire. Here, we study the chromosome structural reorganizations during the cell-state transitions among the pluripotent embryonic stem cell, the terminally differentiated normal cell, and the cancer cell using a nonequilibrium landscape-switching model implemented in the molecular dynamics simulation. We quantify the chromosome (de)compaction pathways during the cell-state transitions and find that the two pathways having the same destinations can merge prior to reaching the final states. The chromosomes at the merging states have similar structural geometries but can differ in long-range compartment segregation and spatial distribution of the chromosomal loci and genes, leading to cell-type-specific transition mechanisms. We identify the irreversible pathways of chromosome structural rearrangements during the forward and reverse transitions connecting the same pair of cell states, underscoring the critical roles of nonequilibrium dynamics in the cell-state transitions. Our results contribute to the understanding of the cell fate decision-making processes from the chromosome structural perspective.
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Sheikh, Fatima, Evelyn Gathecha, Alicia I. Arbaje, and Colleen Christmas. "Internal Medicine Residents’ Views About Care Transitions: Results of an Educational Intervention." Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development 8 (January 2021): 238212052098859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2382120520988590.
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Problem: Suboptimal care transitions can lead to re-hospitalizations. Intervention: We developed a 2-week “Transitions of Care Curriculum” to train first-year internal medicine residents to improve their knowledge and skills to deliver optimal transitional care. Our objective was to use reflective writing essays to evaluate the impact of the curriculum on the residents. Methods: The rotation included: Transition of Care Teaching modules, Transition Audit, Transitional Care Site Visits, and Transition of Care Conference. Residents performed the above elements of care transitions during the curriculum and wrote reflective essays about their experiences. These essays were analyzed to assess for the overall impact of the curriculum on the residents. Qualitative analysis of reflective essays was used to evaluate the impact of the curriculum. Of the 20 residents who completed the rotation, 18 reflective essays were available for qualitative analysis. Results: Five major themes identified in the reflective essays for improvement were: discharge planning, patient-centered care, continuity of care, goals of care discussions, and patient safety. The most discussed theme was continuity of care, with following subthemes: fragmentation of the healthcare system, disjointed care to the patients, patient specific factors contributing to lack of continuity of care, lack of primary care provider role as a coordinator of care, and challenges during discharge process. Residents also identified system-based gaps and suggested solutions to overcome these gaps. Conclusions: This experiential learning and use of reflective writing enhanced the residents’ self-identified awareness of gaps in care transitions and prompted them to generate ideas for systems improvement and personal actions to improve their practice during care transitions.
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Livanou, Maria I., Vivek Furtado, and Swaran P. Singh. "Mentally disordered young offenders in transition from child and adolescent to adult mental health services across England and Wales." Journal of Forensic Practice 19, no. 4 (November 13, 2017): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfp-01-2017-0002.
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Purpose This paper provides an overview of transitions across forensic child and adolescent mental health services in England and Wales. The purpose of this paper is to delineate the national secure services system for young people in contact with the youth justice system. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews findings from the existing literature of transitions across forensic child and adolescent mental health services, drawing attention to present facilitators and barriers to optimal transition. The authors examine the infrastructure of current services and highlight gaps between child and adult service continuity and evaluate the impact of poor transitions on young offenders’ mental health and wellbeing. Findings Young offenders experience a broad range of difficulties, from the multiple interfaces with the legal system, untreated mental health problems, and poor transition to adult services. Barriers such as long waiting lists, lack of coordination between services and lack of transition preparation impede significantly smooth transitions. Research limitations/implications The authors need to develop, test and evaluate models of transitional care that improve mental health and wellbeing of this group. Practical implications Mapping young offenders’ care pathway will help to understand their needs and also to impact current policy and practice. Key workers in forensic services should facilitate the transition process by developing sustainable relationships with the young person and creating a safe clinical environment. Originality/value Transition of care from forensic child and adolescent mental health services is a neglected area. This paper attempts to highlight the nature and magnitude of the problems at the transition interface in a forensic context.
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Scranton, Margaret E. "Panama’s Democratic Transition." American Review of Politics 13 (April 1, 1992): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1992.13.0.107-128.
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Panama’s transition from military dictatorship to civilian government is considered in terms of stages of the democratization process. During the decline of the dictatorship (stage one), four transitions -- two electoral, and two negotiations for an elite settlement -- were attempted but failed. Consequently, Panama did not experience a normal second, transitional stage. Instead Panama’s transition was abrupt and unexpected: civilian government was installed during a U.S. invasion. Challenges and progress in consolidating democracy (the third stage) are assessed with special attention to restoration of civilian governance, democratic habits and values, and demilitarization-- a central priority of the new regime.
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Jindal-Snape, Divya. "Portraying Children’s Voices Through Creative Approaches to Enhance Their Transition Experience and Improve the Transition Practice." LEARNing Landscapes 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v6i1.584.
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In this paper, I have made a case for using creative approaches to facilitate educational transitions. I have presented examples from research and practice which suggest that creative activities can be used in multiple ways to portray children and young people’s voices. I argue that these voices, as well as the process of being heard, can help modify existing transition practices, identify new transition practices, and enhance children and young people’s ability to manage change. Theories of self-esteem, resilience, and emotional intelligence have been used to explain the psycho-social processes that a child, or young person, goes through during transitions, as well as how creative approaches can be used to support these processes.
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Peterson, Patricia, William Morrison, and Ruth Morrison. "Early Childhood Services: Using Narratives to Explore Parents’ Experiences of Transition." Journal of Childhood Studies 37, no. 2 (April 30, 2012): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/jcs.v37i2.15200.
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This article examines the concepts of transitions in early childhood through the lens of parents’ personal narratives. How do parents define transition or the process of change? What are the stages that they journey through as they parent their preschool children? This exploration is not only interested in identifying the kinds of transitions experienced by parents, but also the processes of change and the meanings that parents give to them. Furthermore, the nature of the interactions and relationships that accompany the processes of change are examined. These narratives emerge from an early childhood development demonstration site charged with the task of creating integrated programs and services that are responsive to community needs within an educational context. To set the stage for the personal narratives of transition, the larger political narrative of transition provincially, nationally and internationally is also examined.
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Wu, Xifeng, Sijia Zhao, Yue Shen, Hatef Madani, and Yu Chen. "A Combined Multi-Level Perspective and Agent-Based Modeling in Low-Carbon Transition Analysis." Energies 13, no. 19 (September 25, 2020): 5050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195050.
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Low-carbon transitions are long-term complex processes that are driven by multiple factors. To provide a theoretical and practical framework of this process, we argue that the combination of the multi-level perspective (MLP) and agent-based modeling (ABM) enables us to reach a deeper and detailed analysis of low-carbon transitions. As an extensively applied theoretical form, MLP conceptualizes low-carbon transitions as a nonlinear process and allows a system to be analyzed and organized into multiple dimensions (landscape, regime, and niche). However, MLP cannot explain the many details of complex transitions, whereas ABM can estimate the influence of interacting behaviors in a complex system. Therefore, the main advantages of the combined approach for the analysis of low-carbon transition are verified: the MLP can contribute to the overall design of ABM, and ABM can provide a dynamic, continuous, and quantitative description of the MLP. To construct this combination framework, this paper offers a guiding principle that combines the two perspectives under a low-carbon transitional background to create an integrated strategy using three procedures: defining the common concepts, their interaction, and their combination. Through the proposed framework, the goal of this work was to reach a better understanding of social system evolution from the present high-carbon state to a low-carbon state under the pressure of ambitious climate goals, providing specific policy recommendations.
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Zhao, S., and W. Cheng. "Transitional relation exploration for typical loess geomorphologic types based on slope spectrum characteristics." Earth Surface Dynamics 2, no. 2 (August 19, 2014): 433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-433-2014.
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Abstract. Based on the Chinese Geomorphologic Database at 1 : 1 000 000 scales, the distribution of the typical loess geomorphologic types (such as the loess tableland, loess ridge and loess knoll) is acquired in the Loess Plateau of China. Then, based on the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital elevation model (DEM) data and topographic analysis methods, the slope spectrums are computed for the typical loess geomorphologic types and their subtypes. Through achieving the tendency line of the slope spectrum and analysing the slope spectrum characteristics of the loess typical geomorphologic types, the transitional relationships are explored: (1) the general rule is that loess tableland transitions to loess ridge, and then to loess knoll. (2) The specific relationships for the subtypes are as follows: in loess tableland, the transition is from loess terrace to complete tableland, then to residual tableland, and finally to beam tableland. In the loess ridge, the transition is from oblique ridge to knoll ridge, and the final stage is the loess knoll.
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Lasek, Janusz, Radosław Lajnert, Krzysztof Głód, and Jarosław Zuwała. "Analysis of the Transition Time From Air to Oxy-Combustion." Chemical and Process Engineering 36, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2015-0009.
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Abstract In this paper some issues of the transition process from air- to oxy-combustion were investigated. Advantages of flexible combustion were described. Flexible combustion tests carried out at four European plants and five plants outside Europe of different scales of process and test parameters were presented. An analysis of the transition time from air to oxy-combustion of different laboratory and pilot scale processes was carried out. The “first-order + dead time” approach was used as a model to describe transition process. Transitional periods between combustion modes and characteristic parameters of the process were determined. The transition time depends not only on the facility’s capacity but also it is impacted by specific operational parameters.
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Deng, Weihang, Min Chen, Ying Tang, Le Zhang, Zeqian Xu, Xinhui Li, Daniel M. Czajkowsky, and Zhifeng Shao. "Temporal Analysis Reveals the Transient Differential Expression of Transcription Factors That Underlie the Trans-Differentiation of Human Monocytes to Macrophages." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 15830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415830.
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The activation of monocytes and their trans-differentiation into macrophages are critical processes of the immune response. Prior work has characterized the differences in the expression between monocytes and macrophages, but the transitional process between these cells is poorly detailed. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes of the transcriptome during trans-differentiation of primary human monocytes into M0 macrophages. We find changes with many transcription factors throughout the process, the vast majority of which exhibit a maximally different expression at the intermediate stages. A few factors, including AP-1, were previously known to play a role in immunological transitions, but most were not. Thus, these findings indicate that this trans-differentiation requires the dynamic expression of many transcription factors not previously discussed in immunology, and provide a foundation for the delineation of the molecular mechanisms associated with healthy or pathological responses that involve this transition.
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Cheng, Stephen Z. D., James J. Janimak, Anqiu Zhang, and Zhenglong Zhou. "Kinetics of mesophase transitions of thermotropic copolyesters. 2. Two transition processes." Macromolecules 22, no. 11 (November 1989): 4240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00201a018.
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Newman, Stuart A. "‘Biogeneric’ developmental processes: drivers of major transitions in animal evolution." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1701 (August 19, 2016): 20150443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0443.
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Using three examples drawn from animal systems, I advance the hypothesis that major transitions in multicellular evolution often involved the constitution of new cell-based materials with unprecedented morphogenetic capabilities. I term the materials and formative processes that arise when highly evolved cells are incorporated into mesoscale matter ‘biogeneric’, to reflect their commonality with, and distinctiveness from, the organizational properties of non-living materials. The first transition arose by the innovation of classical cell-adhesive cadherins with transmembrane linkage to the cytoskeleton and the appearance of the morphogen Wnt, transforming some ancestral unicellular holozoans into ‘liquid tissues’, and thereby originating the metazoans. The second transition involved the new capabilities, within a basal metazoan population, of producing a mechanically stable basal lamina, and of planar cell polarization. This gave rise to the eumetazoans, initially diploblastic (two-layered) forms, and then with the addition of extracellular matrices promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, three-layered triploblasts. The last example is the fin-to-limb transition. Here, the components of a molecular network that promoted the development of species-idiosyncratic endoskeletal elements in gnathostome ancestors are proposed to have evolved to a dynamical regime in which they constituted a Turing-type reaction–diffusion system capable of organizing the stereotypical arrays of elements of lobe-finned fish and tetrapods. The contrasting implications of the biogeneric materials-based and neo-Darwinian perspectives for understanding major evolutionary transitions are discussed. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The major synthetic evolutionary transitions’.
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Katehakis, Michael N., Laurens C. Smit, and Floske M. Spieksma. "DES AND RES PROCESSES AND THEIR EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 29, no. 2 (December 22, 2014): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964814000291.
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This paper defines and studies the down entrance state (DES) and the restart entrance state (RES) classes of quasi-skip free (QSF) processes specified in terms of the nonzero structure of the elements of their transition rate matrix Q. A QSF process is a Markov chain with states that can be specified by tuples of the form (m, i), where $m \in {\open Z}$ represents the “current” level of the state and $i \in {\open Z}^{+}$ the current phase of the state, and its transition probability matrix Q does not permit one-step transitions to states that are two or more levels away from the current state in one direction of the level variable m. A QSF process is a DES process if and only if one step “down” transitions from a level m can only reach a single state in level m − 1, for all m. A QSF process is a RES process if and only if one step “up” transitions from a level m can only reach a single set of states in the highest level M2, largest of all m.We derive explicit solutions and simple truncation bounds for the steady-state probabilities of both DES and RES processes, when in addition Q insures ergodicity. DES and RES processes have applications in many areas of applied probability comprising computer science, queueing theory, inventory theory, reliability, and the theory of branching processes. To motivate their applicability we present explicit solutions for the well-known open problem of the M/Er/n queue with batch arrivals, an inventory model, and a reliability model.
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Halbe, Johannes, and Claudia Pahl-Wostl. "A Methodological Framework to Initiate and Design Transition Governance Processes." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 6, 2019): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030844.
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Abstract: Sustainability transitions require societal change at multiple levels ranging from individual behavioral change to community projects, businesses that offer sustainable products as well as policy-makers that set suitable incentive structures. Concepts, methods and tools are currently lacking that help to initiate and design transition governance processes based upon an encompassing understanding of such diverse interactions of actors and intervention points. This article presents a methodological framework for the initiation and design of transition governance processes. Based upon a conceptualization of sustainability transitions as multilevel learning processes, the methodological framework includes participatory modeling, a systematic literature review and governance system analysis to identify social units (learning subjects and contexts), challenges (learning objects) and intervention points (learning factors) relevant for initiating case-specific transition governance processes. A case study on sustainable food systems in Ontario, Canada is provided to exemplify the application of the methodological framework. The results demonstrate the merit of combining stakeholder-based and expert-based methods, as several learning factors identified in the participatory process could not be found in the general literature, and vice versa. The methodological framework allowed for an integrated analysis of the diversity of existing initiatives in the case study region and specific intervention points to support place-based sustainability innovations. Initiators of transition governance processes can use the results by designing targeted interventions to facilitate and coordinate existing initiatives or by setting new impulses through purposeful action.
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Foley, Robert A. "Mosaic evolution and the pattern of transitions in the hominin lineage." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1698 (July 5, 2016): 20150244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0244.
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Humans are uniquely unique, in terms of the extreme differences between them and other living organisms, and the impact they are having on the biosphere. The evolution of humans can be seen, as has been proposed, as one of the major transitions in evolution, on a par with the origins of multicellular organisms or the eukaryotic cell (Maynard Smith & Szathmáry 1997 Major transitions in evolution ). Major transitions require the evolution of greater complexity and the emergence of new evolutionary levels or processes. Does human evolution meet these conditions? I explore the diversity of evidence on the nature of transitions in human evolution. Four levels of transition are proposed—baseline, novel taxa, novel adaptive zones and major transitions—and the pattern of human evolution considered in the light of these. The primary conclusions are that changes in human evolution occur continuously and cumulatively; that novel taxa and the appearance of new adaptations are not clustered very tightly in particular periods, although there are three broad transitional phases (Pliocene, Plio-Pleistocene and later Quaternary). Each phase is distinctive, with the first based on ranging and energetics, the second on technology and niche expansion, and the third on cognition and cultural processes. I discuss whether this constitutes a ‘major transition’ in the context of the evolutionary processes more broadly; the role of behaviour in evolution; and the opportunity provided by the rich genetic, phenotypic (fossil morphology) and behavioural (archaeological) record to examine in detail major transitions and the microevolutionary patterns underlying macroevolutionary change. It is suggested that the evolution of the hominin lineage is consistent with a mosaic pattern of change. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Major transitions in human evolution’.
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Tang, Tingting, Yujie Tang, Lei Bi, Tongtong Kang, Xiao Liang, Jun Qin, Jie Li, Li Luo, and Chaoyang Li. "Highly sensitive real-time detection of phase change process based on photonic spin Hall effect." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 19 (May 9, 2022): 191105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094961.
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Phase change materials, such as vanadium dioxide (VO2) and Titanium dioxide (Ti2O3) have received extensive attention because of the dramatic changes in their intrinsic properties during phase transitions. However, due to the rapid transition rate and wide dynamics, monitoring of processes is challenging. Previous detection methods are lack of speed and simplicity and require multiple interventions, which largely introduce human factors influencing the results and make it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and visualization. In this paper, the photonic spin Hall effect is used for real-time detection and highly sensitive analysis of the phase transition process of VO2 films. By incorporating with quantum weak measurement, the photonic spin-Hall shift acts as the pointer, and the phase transition process of VO2 is characterized effectively. The high measurement resolution with 63 S/(m μm) is achieved due to weak-value amplification. In our scheme, it does not involve any mechanical adjustment of optical components, thus enabling real-time, visual, non-contact detection of dynamic phase transition processes.
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Grimell, Jan, and Mariecke van den Berg. "Advancing an understanding of the body amid transition from a military life." Culture & Psychology 26, no. 2 (July 4, 2019): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x19861054.
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In this article, we explore the process of transitions from a military life to a civilian life. Making use of the concepts offered by Dialogical Self Theory, we explore how individuals negotiate the acquisition of new, civilian identities by integrating different, sometimes conflicting, cultural I-positions. Moreover, in this article, we explore how this narrative process is reflected through embodied processes of becoming civilian. We do so by presenting an in-depth analysis of two case studies: that of former Lieutenant Peter, who fully transitions to civilian life, and of Sergeant Emma, who opts for a hybrid outcome, combining a civilian job with working as an instructor in the military. We will argue that the narrative and embodied process of transition are intertwined in self-identity work, and that attention to the specifics of this entanglement can be useful for professionals who counsel military personnel who transition to civilian life.
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De Vet, Emely, Jascha De Nooijer, Nanne K. De Vries, and Johannes Brug. "Do the Transtheoretical Processes of Change Predict Transitions in Stages of Change for Fruit Intake?" Health Education & Behavior 35, no. 5 (August 2, 2006): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198106289570.
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In a longitudinal study, it is examined whether the transtheoretical processes of change do predict stage transitions in fruit intake. A random sample of an existing Internet research panel resulted in a cohort of 735 adults, who were examined three times with electronic questionnaires assessing stages of change, processes of change, and fruit intake. Cross-sectional differences were found for the processes of change between precontemplation and all further stages. Experiential as well as behavioral processes increased from precontemplation to action with similar patterns. Both experiential and behavioral processes predicted forward transition out of precontemplation and forward transition into action, whereas only behavioral processes predicted forward transition out of contemplation. The results indicate that the transtheoretical processes of change predict stage transitions for fruit intake, but that the pattern of relevant processes for fruit intake is not as straightforward as outlined by the transtheoretical model of behavior change.
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Beckett, Ronald C., and Paul Hyland. "Communication and learning structures that facilitate transfer of knowledge at innovation transition points." Journal of Science Communication 10, no. 04 (December 9, 2011): A03. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.10040203.
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Innovation processes are rarely smooth and disruptions often occur at transition points were one knowledge domain passes the technology on to another domain. At these transition points communication is a key component in assisting the smooth hand over of technologies. However for smooth transitions to occur we argue that appropriate structures have to be in place and boundary spanning activities need to be facilitated. This paper presents three case studies of innovation processes and the findings support the view that structures and boundary spanning are essential for smooth transitions. We have explained the need to pass primary responsibility between agents to successfully bring an innovation to market. We have also shown the need to combine knowledge through effective communication so that absorptive capacity is built in process throughout the organisation rather than in one or two key individuals.
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Tochishita, Naoya, Takashi Sakai, Jun-ichi Horinaka, and Toshikazu Takigawa. "Coefficient of Performance for the Volume Phase Transition Process of Polymer Gels." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 43, no. 5 (2016): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.43.165.
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Adashovna, Xurmatova Dilorom. "COVID-19 TRANSITION PROCESS AND PREVENTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN DURING A PANDEMIC." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-04-06.
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Every day we have more information about the effects of COVID-19 on pregnant women, the data is updated. So far, evidence suggests that the risk of miscarriage in pregnant women with COVID-19 is not high. To date, existing scientific studies have reported some cases of intrauterine or perinatal infection, but this is very rare and COVID-19 infection is unlikely to cause fetal malformation. The few cases known in infants infected with a coronavirus infection in the early days are mild. There are no serious cases in our observations. In terms of maternal complications, the most complex pneumonias occur in this period in the third trimester of pregnancy or in the postpartum period, i.e., a few weeks after birth, in unvaccinated pregnant women. COVID-19 infection in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy is associated with several complications. However, due to complications in the mother (especially in the third trimester of pregnancy), the frequency of preterm births has increased.
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Park, Hyunjoon. "The Transition to Adulthood among Korean Youths." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 646, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212467947.
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Using data on Korean youths aged 15–29, this study illustrates the processes through which Korean youths make transitions to adulthood along with their life course, focusing on four transition markers—school enrollment, labor force participation, marriage, and the establishment of an independent household. Distinguishing young people’s status in the productive and reproduction spheres, I consider the combination of study and work statuses to represent the productive sphere and the combination of marriage and household headship to represent the reproductive sphere. I examine how these statuses change with age, with an explicit focus on gender differences. The investigation reveals the significance of educational institutions for transitions to adulthood among Korean youths and also substantial gender differences in the transition process. I also investigate heterogeneity in these statuses of young people by looking at how parental education and occupation affect the transition statuses. Family background matters more for Korean women’s transition to adulthood than it does for Korean men’s.
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Marttinen, Elina, Julia Dietrich, and Katariina Salmela-Aro. "Intentional Engagement in the Transition to Adulthood." European Psychologist 23, no. 4 (October 2018): 311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000337.
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Abstract. During the transition to adulthood, young people need to choose their career and overall life pathway and cope successfully with the transitions they face. The theories of personal identity development ( Luyckx, Goossens, Soenens, & Beyers, 2006 ; Luyckx et al., 2008 ), career development ( Savickas, 2005 ), and goal developmental regulation ( Nurmi, 2004 ; Salmela-Aro, 2009 ) address the question of how people commit and engage in the changes faced during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, and particularly how they deal with educational and occupational transitions. We reviewed how each of these theories discusses both adaptive and maladaptive processes during the transition to adulthood, including such themes as the feeling of competent, exploring choices, crystallizing and making decision, forming certainty, managing transition, changing direction and rumination. We propose that these theories are in fact presenting different perspectives on the same developmental process of intentional engagement. Finally, suggestions for future research and intervention outcomes are discussed.
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Zhao, Y., and Z. F. Ding. "Comments on mechanisms for self-E → H and inverse H → E mode transitions in radio frequency inductively coupled plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 8 (August 2022): 084503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107483.
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The previously observed self-E [Formula: see text] H and inverse [Formula: see text] mode transitions were explained by unrelated mechanisms. The argument in this Brief Communication finds that both mode transitions can be interpreted via wall-heating that affects electron density by changing neutral density. In the self-E [Formula: see text] H mode transition, the shift of the preset E-mode discharge to the E [Formula: see text] H mode-transition point is caused by the increasing neutral density in the cooling down process of the chamber wall overheated in the preceding high-power H-mode discharge. The requirement for the inverse H [Formula: see text] mode transitions is a small-sized cylindrical radio frequency (RF) inductively coupled plasma source powered by multi-turn coil under which the strong wall-heating in the ramping-up phase of RF power or RF coil current leads to a reduction of neutral density in the subsequent ramping-down phase. The wall-heating can affect all processes in gas discharges but is most remarkable near a mode transition. The wall-heating effect on discharge mode transition has not been intensively investigated but was only suggested to explain the unknown mode transition in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma source [Jarnyk et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2039 (1993)].
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Mauger, Romain. "Promoting Public Participation in the Energy Transition: The Case of France's National Debate." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 22 (March 18, 2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a4290.
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In an energy transitions era, the citizens tend to be increasingly considered as actors of the energy system. This situation reinforces in turn the importance of public participation processes into energy policy or legislation design. In 2012-2013, a significant public participation process in the field of energy policy was organised in France, named National Debate on the Energy Transition. From the beginning, it was proclaimed that its results would be integrated into a flagship energy transition act, which did happen with the adoption of the Energy Transition for Green Growth Act of 2015. This paper provides an overview of the organisation of this public debate and of the integration of its outcome into the Energy Transition Act. The experience of France can serve for other countries engaged in a process of transition towards a more sustainable society and especially towards a massive change of their energy mix. It addresses the successes as well as the failures of the French case and provides some key learning points to enhance the public participation into the Law-making process concerning the energy transition.
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Kobrinskii, B. A. "Transitional states in child neurology (neurocontinuum)." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 64, no. 5 (November 16, 2019): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-5-8-13.
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The article is devoted to the issue of transitional states in child psychoneurology, based on the general concept of a continuum of transitional states from normal variants to severe chronic diseases. The article discusses borderline psychoneurology disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and various genetic defects. A significant passage is devoted to convulsive states and epilepsy. The autism spectrum analyzed both as a aggregate of nosologies and in combination with epilepsy. The author proposes the concept of quasicontinuum of cognitive development in the spectrum of child autism. There are presented the transitions of various forms of hysteria. Also the authors provide the data on the similar etiology of impaired coordination and cerebral palsy, which can be considered as a single continual process. As possible methods of dividing the continuum into separate forms there are works on the so-called signal features and a dynamics model for estimating time limits of transition states, also the operators to determine the value of factors characterizing transition states, are presented.
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Huang, Chao, Jiahui Chen, Lianghao Xia, Yong Xu, Peng Dai, Yanqing Chen, Liefeng Bo, Jiashu Zhao, and Jimmy Xiangji Huang. "Graph-Enhanced Multi-Task Learning of Multi-Level Transition Dynamics for Session-based Recommendation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 4123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i5.16534.
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Session-based recommendation plays a central role in a wide spectrum of online applications, ranging from e-commerce to online advertising services. However, the majority of existing session-based recommendation techniques (e.g., attention-based recurrent network or graph neural network) are not well-designed for capturing the complex transition dynamics exhibited with temporally-ordered and multi-level interdependent relation structures. These methods largely overlook the relation hierarchy of item transitional patterns. In this paper, we propose a multi-task learning framework with Multi-level Transition Dynamics (MTD), which enables the jointly learning of intra- and inter-session item transition dynamics in automatic and hierarchical manner. Towards this end, we first develop a position-aware attention mechanism to learn item transitional regularities within individual session. Then, a graph-structured hierarchical relation encoder is proposed to explicitly capture the cross-session item transitions in the form of high-order connectivities by performing embedding propagation with the global graph context. The learning process of intra- and inter-session transition dynamics are integrated, to preserve the underlying low- and high-level item relationships in a common latent space. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of MTD as compared to state-of-the-art baselines.
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Shirley, Benjamin, Nathaniel Erskine, David D. McManus, Catarina I. Kiefe, Milena Anatchkova, and Heena P. Santry. "Who’s in charge? Results from a qualitative study of caregiver perspectives on the care transition process." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v6i1.1399.
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Background: Care transitions are a topic of increasing interest as researchers and clinicians focus their effects on patient outcomes. Engaging caregivers, who play important roles in care transitions, may yield valuable insight into how care transition processes can be improved. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews, focusing on caregivers’ experiences with and perceptions of care transitions, with 11 eligible caregivers whose loved ones had recently experienced an unplanned admission to a single academic medical center. Our research team analyzed the transcripts to identify key themes.Results: Caregivers detailed multiple factors affecting care transitions, including both in-hospital and external elements. Identifying the medical provider in charge of care emerged as a common difficulty. Other areas of interest included receiving discharge information, length of stay, health insurance status, the presence of social support, access to transportation and educational level, among others. Caregivers’ views on the quality of various in-hospital aspects of their own care transition experiences varied.Conclusions: Caregivers re-affirmed the complexity of the care transition process by identifying myriad factors that influence their quality. Taking steps to address these factors may help hospitals to empower and engage caregivers, as well as to improve care transitions overall and better manage the health of their patients.
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Danilovich, Margaret, and Margaret Danilovich. "Transitional Care Management: Evidence for Novel Implementation Models and Rehabilitation Implications." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2916.
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Abstract The transition between healthcare settings is a complex process presenting challenges for effective and consistent communication between older adults, their caregivers, and healthcare providers. These challenges often result in adverse health events and re-hospitalizations. Further, once transitioned to home, older adults often need ongoing care management and support and evidence for models remains unclear as to the precise parameters of supports needed for comprehensive care. This symposium will provide an overview of the evidence for both interdisciplinary care management models and transitional care programs, present the implementation of a care management program for low income older adults at one social service agency, and provide evidence-based tools for older adult functional assessment and decision-making for transitional care. The speakers will present new tools from the American Physical Therapy Association home health toolbox that promote patient-centered health care decision-making to facilitate successful transitions that reduce resource use and hospital readmission. The speakers will also discuss the implementation of a care management program for older adults in a care gap (having too much income for Medicaid home and community-based services, but still <200% of the federal poverty line). An implementation framework for the needs assessment will be highlighted and 1-year program outcomes will be presented. Attendees will learn strategies for interprofessional collaboration, enhanced communication, and advocacy within the interprofessional team to facilitate improved care management and transitional services for older adults.
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Lindgren, Eva, Siv Söderberg, and Lisa Skär. "Managing Transition with Support: Experiences of Transition from Child and Adolescent Psychiatry to General Adult Psychiatry Narrated by Young Adults and Relatives." Psychiatry Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/457160.
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Young adults with mental illness who need continuing care when they turn 18 are referred from child and adolescent psychiatry to general adult psychiatry. During this process, young adults are undergoing multiple transitions as they come of age while they transfer to another unit in healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore expectations and experiences of transition from child and adolescent psychiatry to general adult psychiatry as narrated by young adults and relatives. Individual interviews were conducted with three young adults and six relatives and analysed according to grounded theory. The analysis resulted in a core category: managing transition with support, and three categories: being of age but not mature, walking out of security and into uncertainty, and feeling omitted and handling concerns. The young adults’ and relatives' main concerns were that they might be left out and feel uncertainty about the new situation during the transition process. To facilitate the transition process, individual care planning is needed. It is essential that young adults and relatives are participating in the process to be prepared for the changes and achieve a successful transition. Knowledge about the simultaneous processes seems to be an important issue for facilitating transition.
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Hubbard, Gill. "The Usefulness of Indepth Life History Interviews for Exploring the Role of Social Structure and Human Agency in Youth Transitions." Sociological Research Online 4, no. 4 (February 2000): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.390.
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This paper discusses the usefulness of indepth life history interviews in illustrating the role of social structure and human agency in youth transitions. Drawing on sociological theory and youth transition research, the paper highlights how the role of structure and agency has been perceived by youth researchers. Whilst this literature acknowledges the interplay between structure and agency in transitional processes, the appropriateness of particular research methods for explicating structure and agency needs to be further elucidated. Using data from a study of youth transitions in rural areas of Scotland, a range of transitional experiences from two indepth life history interviews is presented here. This exploratory exercise suggests that life history interviews enable researchers to explore how far social structures provide opportunities and constraints for human agents at the same time as showing how individuals, with their own beliefs and desires, take actions despite the social structures that underlie the immediacy of their experiences.