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1
Trinkaus, J. P. "The midblastula transition, the YSL transition and the onset of gastrulation in Fundulus." Development 116, Supplement (April 1, 1992): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.116.supplement.75.
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The first signs of cell motility appear in Fundulus toward the end of cleavage, after cleavages 11 and 12. When blastomeres cease cleaving, their surfaces undulate and form blebs. At first, these blebbing cells remain in place. Gradually thereafter they begin movement, with blebs and fllolamellipodia serving as organs of locomotion. Non-motile cleaving blastomeres have thus differentiated into motile blastula cells. This transformation corresponds to the midblastula transition of amphibian embryos. Gastrulation in Fundulus begins with vegetalward contraction of the external yolk syncytial layer. This causes narrowing of the E- YSL and initiates the epibolic expansion of the blastoderm. Convergent movements of deep cells within the blastoderm begin toward the end of this contraction. The YSL forms as a result of invasion of the yolk cell cytoplasm by nuclei from open marginal blastomeres during cleavage. These YSL nuclei then undergo five metachronous divisions. After this, they divide no more. YSL contraction begins approximately 1.5 hours after cessation of these divisions (21–22°C). This cessation of nuclear divisions is preceded by a gradual decrease in rate. (1) The duration of each succeeding mitosis increases steadily and often some nuclei do not divide at mitosis V. (2) The duration of interphases between succeeding mitoses also increases, but to a much greater degree, and the longest interphase by far is the last one, I-FV, between mitoses FV and V. (3) The mitotic waves responsible for mitosis V move much more slowly than those for the first four mitoses and invariably decelerate. This gradual cessation of YSL nuclear divisions clearly sets the stage for the contraction of YSL cytoplasm and thus the beginning of gastrulation. We call this the YSL transition. It is not to be confused with the midblastula transition, which occurs 3–4 hours earlier. The MBT commences cytodifferentiation; the YSL transition commences morphogenesis.
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del-Pino-Díaz, David. "Juan Carlos I como Piloto de la Transición Española en la Serie "Cuéntame cómo Pasó"." Anduli, no. 25 (2024): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/anduli.2024.i25.03.
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La pregunta de investigación es el papel de las narrativas audiovisuales en la construcción de mitos para trascender acontecimientos históricos en el imaginario colectivo. El objetivo es estudiar el caso de la figura del Rey Juan Carlos I en la historia de la transición democrática en España (1975-1982) contada en la serie de televisión “Cuéntame cómo pasó”, emitida desde 2001 y con una audiencia de más de 7 millones de espectadores. La metodología cualitativa utilizada consiste en una revisión bibliográfica de trabajos científicos sobre “Cuéntame”, mitos, construcción de la memoria colectiva e historia reciente de España, y el visionado y análisis de las catorce primeras temporadas de Cuéntame (2001-2013 - 253 episodios) utilizando las categorías metodológicas del modelo actancial de semiótica de Julien Greimas. Los resultados muestran que en la primera temporada de la serie ya se establece la idea de que el rey guiará a los españoles hacia la democracia, pero es en la decimocuarta temporada cuando se cierra el círculo con su papel protagonista en la detención del intento de golpe de Estado militar
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Hime, G., and R. Saint. "Zygotic expression of the pebble locus is required for cytokinesis during the postblastoderm mitoses of Drosophila." Development 114, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.114.1.165.
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Mutations at the pebble locus of Drosophila melanogaster result in embryonic lethality. Examination of homozygous mutant embryos at the end of embryogenesis revealed the presence of fewer and larger cells which contained enlarged nuclei. Characterization of the embryonic cell cycles using DAPI, propidium iodide, anti-tubulin and anti-spectrin staining showed that the first thirteen rapid syncytial nuclear divisions proceeded normally in pebble mutant embryos. Following cellularization, the postblastoderm nuclear divisions occurred (mitoses 14, 15 and 16), but cytokinesis was never observed. Multinucleate cells and duplicate mitotic figures were seen within single cells at the time of the cycle 15 mitoses. We conclude that zygotic expression of the pebble gene is required for cytokinesis following cellularization during Drosophila embryogenesis. We postulate that developmental regulation of zygotic transcription of the pebble gene is a consequence of the transition from syncytial to cellular mitoses during cycle 14 of embryogenesis.
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HERNÁNDEZ ROURA, SERGIO ARMANDO. "Hijos de Cthulhutl. Deidades prehispánicas y horror cósmico en H.P. Lovecraft." Brumal. Revista de investigación sobre lo Fantástico 11, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/brumal.845.
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El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar las implicaciones de la propuesta lovecraftiana de horror cósmico en relación a las ideas que el creador de los “Mitos de Cthulhu” tenía sobre los mexicanos y sus deidades prehispánicas; para ello se hará la revisión de dos cuentos “The Transition of Juan Romero” (1919) y “The Electric Executioner” (1929).
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Kuraś, M., and A. Malinowska. "Influence of 1-p-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine on mitotic activity of apical meristem of onion (Allium cepa L.) roots." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 47, no. 1–2 (2015): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1978.015.
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The influence of increasing cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) concentration (50, 100, 300 and 500 μg/ml) on the mitotic activity of the apical meristem of onion adventitious roots was investigated during 24-h incubation in ara-C and postincubation in water. Incubation in ara-C inhibits reversibly mitosis, the degree of inhibition being dependent on the concentration used. 50 μg/ml ara-C causes only a slight and transitional mitotic depression, while 100—500 μg/ml reduces the per cent of mitoses in various degrees after 12-h incubation whereas after 24 h all concentrations (100—500) reduce mitosis to the same level of about 2 per cent (80% inhibition). During postincubation in water there occurs after treatment with 100—500 μg/ml ara-C, a wave of highly synchronized mitoses with a peak after 12 h. The highest frequency of synchronized mitoses (60°/o) appeared in roots treated with 300 μg/ml ara-C. The main wave is preceded by a small one with a peak after 2-4 h of postincubation. This seems to be the consequence of phases S and G<sub>2</sub> inhibition by ara-C. It was found that under the influence of ara-C the per cent of mitoses with chromosome aberration and of cells with micronuclei increased only slightly.
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Bernard, Pascal, Kevin Hardwick, and Jean-Paul Javerzat. "Fission Yeast Bub1 Is a Mitotic Centromere Protein Essential for the Spindle Checkpoint and the Preservation of Correct Ploidy through Mitosis." Journal of Cell Biology 143, no. 7 (December 28, 1998): 1775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.143.7.1775.
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The spindle checkpoint ensures proper chromosome segregation by delaying anaphase until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle. We investigated the role of the fission yeast bub1 gene in spindle checkpoint function and in unperturbed mitoses. We find that bub1+ is essential for the fission yeast spindle checkpoint response to spindle damage and to defects in centromere function. Activation of the checkpoint results in the recruitment of Bub1 to centromeres and a delay in the completion of mitosis. We show that Bub1 also has a crucial role in normal, unperturbed mitoses. Loss of bub1 function causes chromosomes to lag on the anaphase spindle and an increased frequency of chromosome loss. Such genomic instability is even more dramatic in Δbub1 diploids, leading to massive chromosome missegregation events and loss of the diploid state, demonstrating that bub1+ function is essential to maintain correct ploidy through mitosis. As in larger eukaryotes, Bub1 is recruited to kinetochores during the early stages of mitosis. However, unlike its vertebrate counterpart, a pool of Bub1 remains centromere-associated at metaphase and even until telophase. We discuss the possibility of a role for the Bub1 kinase after the metaphase–anaphase transition.
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Solnica-Krezel, L., T. G. Burland, and W. F. Dove. "Variable pathways for developmental changes of mitosis and cytokinesis in Physarum polycephalum." Journal of Cell Biology 113, no. 3 (May 1, 1991): 591–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.113.3.591.
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The development of a uninucleate ameba into a multinucleate, syncytial plasmodium in myxomycetes involves a change from the open, astral mitosis of the ameba to the intranuclear, anastral mitosis of the plasmodium, and the omission of cytokinesis from the cell cycle. We describe immunofluorescence microscopic studies of the amebal-plasmodial transition (APT) in Physarum polycephalum. We demonstrate that the reorganization of mitotic spindles commences in uninucleate cells after commitment to plasmodium formation, is completed by the binucleate stage, and occurs via different routes in individual developing cells. Most uninucleate developing cells formed mitotic spindles characteristic either of amebae or of plasmodia. However, chimeric mitotic figures exhibiting features of both amebal and plasmodial mitoses, and a novel star microtubular array were also observed. The loss of the ameba-specific alpha 3-tubulin and the accumulation of the plasmodium-specific beta 2-tubulin isotypes during development were not sufficient to explain the changes in the organization of mitotic spindles. The majority of uninucleate developing cells undergoing astral mitoses (amebal and chimeric) exhibited cytokinetic furrows, whereas cells with the anastral plasmodial mitosis exhibited no furrows. Thus, the transition from astral to anastral mitosis during the APT could be sufficient for the omission of cytokinesis from the cell cycle. However, astral mitosis may not ensure cytokinesis: some cells undergoing amebal or chimeric mitosis contained unilateral cytokinetic furrows or no furrow at all. These cells would, most probably, fail to divide. We suggest that a uninucleate committed cell undergoing amebal or chimeric mitosis can either divide or else form a binucleate cell. In contrast, a uninucleate cell with a mitotic spindle of the plasmodial type gives rise only to a binucleate cells. Further, the decision to enter mitosis after commitment to the APT is independent of the developmental changes in the organization of the mitotic spindle and cytokinesis.
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Lu Lu, Tianlong Yun, Li Li, Yuelong Su, and Danya Yao. "A Comparison of Phase Transitions Produced by PARAMICS, TransModeler, and VISSIM." IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine 2, no. 3 (2010): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mits.2010.939193.
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Warecki, Brandt, and William Sullivan. "The Cell Biology of Heterochromatin." Cells 11, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11071247.
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A conserved feature of virtually all higher eukaryotes is that the centromeres are embedded in heterochromatin. Here we provide evidence that this tight association between pericentric heterochromatin and the centromere is essential for proper metaphase exit and progression into telophase. Analysis of chromosome rearrangements that separate pericentric heterochromatin and centromeres indicates that they must remain associated in order to balance Cohesin/DNA catenation-based binding forces and centromere-based pulling forces during the metaphase–anaphase transition. In addition, a centromere embedded in heterochromatin facilitates nuclear envelope assembly around the entire complement of segregating chromosomes. Because the nuclear envelope initially forms on pericentric heterochromatin, nuclear envelope formation proceeds from the pole, thus providing time for incorporation of lagging and trailing chromosome arms into the newly formed nucleus. Additional analysis of noncanonical mitoses provides further insights into the functional significance of the tight association between heterochromatin and centromeres.
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Mehsen, Haytham, Vincent Boudreau, Damien Garrido, Mohammed Bourouh, Myreille Larouche, Paul S. Maddox, Andrew Swan, and Vincent Archambault. "PP2A-B55 promotes nuclear envelope reformation after mitosis in Drosophila." Journal of Cell Biology 217, no. 12 (October 11, 2018): 4106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201804018.
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As a dividing cell exits mitosis and daughter cells enter interphase, many proteins must be dephosphorylated. The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with its B55 regulatory subunit plays a crucial role in this transition, but the identity of its substrates and how their dephosphorylation promotes mitotic exit are largely unknown. We conducted a maternal-effect screen in Drosophila melanogaster to identify genes that function with PP2A-B55/Tws in the cell cycle. We found that eggs that receive reduced levels of Tws and of components of the nuclear envelope (NE) often fail development, concomitant with NE defects following meiosis and in syncytial mitoses. Our mechanistic studies using Drosophila cells indicate that PP2A-Tws promotes nuclear envelope reformation (NER) during mitotic exit by dephosphorylating BAF and suggests that PP2A-Tws targets additional NE components, including Lamin and Nup107. This work establishes Drosophila as a powerful model to further dissect the molecular mechanisms of NER and suggests additional roles of PP2A-Tws in the completion of meiosis and mitosis.
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Craig, Linden E., Paula M. Krimer, and Alicia D. O’Toole. "Synovial Cysts and Myxomas in 16 Cats." Veterinary Pathology 57, no. 4 (May 21, 2020): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985820926483.
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This report describes the clinical and pathologic characteristics of cystic and myxomatous lesions of synovial joints in 16 cats. The average age was 13.4 years. The elbow was most commonly affected (12/16), and all lesions were unilateral. Degenerative joint disease was a frequent concurrent but bilateral condition. The lesions consisted of fluid-filled cysts lined by synoviocytes (3 cases), solid foci of stellate cells in a myxomatous matrix (2 cases), or a combination of the two (11 cases). In some cases there were areas of transition between the cystic and myxomatous lesions. Mitoses and other features of malignancy were rare to nonexistent. In the 13 cats with follow-up information, the lesion gradually increased in size over a period of years. None of the cats died or were euthanized because of this lesion. We propose that some cats with degenerative joint disease develop synovial cysts, which have the potential to transform to a synovial myxoma.
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Park, Hyu-Chan, Jang-Se Lee, and Kil-Woong Jang. "An Objected-Oriented Design and C++ Implementation of MiTS Communication Protocol Specified in State Transitions." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 31, 2010): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2010.34.1.147.
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Del Pino Díaz, David. "La manufactura de los mitos políticos a través de las series de televisión. El carisma de Juan Carlos I en Cuéntame Cómo Pasó." Empiria. Revista de metodología de ciencias sociales, no. 60 (January 5, 2024): 169–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/empiria.60.2024.39286.
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Este trabajo analiza la manufactura del carisma de Juan Carlos I como piloto del cambio en el tránsito del tardofranquismo a la transición democrática a través de Cuéntame Cómo Pasó. Su objetivo es realizar un estudio comparado de las primeras catorce temporadas de la serie y la recepción de los telespectadores. Para ello, y apoyándose en un trabajo de visualización de los episodios (que incluye la transcripción de las conversaciones e imágenes destacadas) y en los grupos de discusión (con telespectadores que presentan diferentes variables como lugar de residencia, clase social, edad o género), se desvela la estructura ideológica de la serie y se discute el tipo de recepción que ha tenido. El artículo concluye mostrando la cierta coherencia entre los intereses ideológicos de la serie y las opiniones de los integrantes de los grupos de discusión. Por un lado, sirvió para cristalizar el perfil ideológico de una de las series televisivas más relevantes del siglo XXI en España. Por otro lado, permitió dar voz a los telespectadores en lugar de un análisis estrictamente erudito. This paper analyzes the manufacture of Juan Calos I’s charisma as a pilot of change in the transition from late Francoism to the democratic transition through Cuéntame Cómo Pasó. Its objective is to carry out a comparative study of the first fourteen seasons of the series and the reception of the viewers. For this purpose and relying on a work of visualization of the episodes (which includes the transcription of the conversations and highlighted images) and on the focus groups (with viewers who present different ideological sensibilities as well as different places of residence, social classes, age or gender), the ideological structure of the series is revealed ant the type of reception it has had in the viewers is discussed. The article concludes by showing a certain coherence between the ideological interests of the series and the opinions of the members of the focus groups. On the one hand, it served to crystallize the ideological profile of one of the most relevant television series of the 21st century in Spain. On the other hand, it allowed us to give voice to the viewers instead of a strictly erudite analysis.
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Gillett, Emily S., Christopher W. Espelin, and Peter K. Sorger. "Spindle checkpoint proteins and chromosome–microtubule attachment in budding yeast." Journal of Cell Biology 164, no. 4 (February 9, 2004): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200308100.
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Accurate chromosome segregation depends on precise regulation of mitosis by the spindle checkpoint. This checkpoint monitors the status of kinetochore–microtubule attachment and delays the metaphase to anaphase transition until all kinetochores have formed stable bipolar connections to the mitotic spindle. Components of the spindle checkpoint include the mitotic arrest defective (MAD) genes MAD1–3, and the budding uninhibited by benzimidazole (BUB) genes BUB1 and BUB3. In animal cells, all known spindle checkpoint proteins are recruited to kinetochores during normal mitoses. In contrast, we show that whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bub1p and Bub3p are bound to kinetochores early in mitosis as part of the normal cell cycle, Mad1p and Mad2p are kinetochore bound only in the presence of spindle damage or kinetochore lesions that interfere with chromosome–microtubule attachment. Moreover, although Mad1p and Mad2p perform essential mitotic functions during every division cycle in mammalian cells, they are required in budding yeast only when mitosis goes awry. We propose that differences in the behavior of spindle checkpoint proteins in animal cells and budding yeast result primarily from evolutionary divergence in spindle assembly pathways.
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Muminova, Rano Dalabayevna, and Muyassar Ismailovna Tadjiyeva. "Sucking Pest Fruit Crops - Brown Fruit Mite (Bryobia Redikorzevi Reck)." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 05 (May 22, 2021): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue05-09.
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It damages the apple tree, sweet cherry, peach, plum, cherry plum, pear and almond. Hibernates in the egg phase on the bark of shoots and branches, in forks. Hatching of larvae is observed at the end of the blooming of the apple tree. The released larvae feed on budding buds, young leaves. Then go to the shoots, branches. Similar transitions are observed in protononym and deutonymph, which turns into an adult. The development of the tick from larva to adult female is 30 days.
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Messier, Terri, Victoria Gibson, David J. Seward, Essa Y. Baitei, Peter Wells Jordan, Charlotte Poile, Joanna Dzialo, et al. "Abstract 4716: First-in-class peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) inhibitor RSO-021 triggers mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in mesothelioma." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 4716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-4716.
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Abstract Mesothelioma, a lethal cancer associated with asbestos exposure, lacks effective drug therapy particularly in the relapsed treatment setting. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers an aggressive sarcomatoid phenotype capable of invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Pharmacological targeting of EMT could favorably alter the progression and treatment of mesothelioma. We identified a geospatial transcriptomic gradient between adjacent epithelioid and sarcomatoid regions in patient-derived biphasic mesotheliomas involving hypoxia tolerance, TGF-β, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and EMT. Mesothelioma cells rely on buffering of mitochondrial oxidative stress through the expression and activity of mitochondrial peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3), which is covalently inactivated by the first-in-class inhibitor RSO-021, now under investigation in the phase 1/2 MITOPE clinical trial (NCT05278975). To better understand the pharmacodynamics of RSO-021, transcriptomic profiles of drug sensitive and resistant biphasic mesothelioma cell lines were generated. Differential analysis revealed that RSO-021 induced up-regulation of ROS response and apoptosis signaling, while down-regulating TGF-β and EMT markers, WNT signaling, and TEAD target genes. Additionally, we observed altered expression of the mesothelioma specific EMT genes Col5A2, mesothelin and VISTA. Resistance to RSO-021 conferred significant proliferative defects and was reversible upon RSO-021 removal, however the down-regulation of EMT genes was conserved, suggesting an irreversible mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. In summary PRX3 is a clinically actionable drug target, inhibition of which correlates with EMT modulation. This activity suggests a mechanism to alter mesothelioma progression and prevent the emergence of the most aggressive mesothelioma phenotype. Citation Format: Terri Messier, Victoria Gibson, David J. Seward, Essa Y. Baitei, Peter Wells Jordan, Charlotte Poile, Joanna Dzialo, Aleksandra Bzura, Kudzayi Kutywayo, Apostolos Nakas, George N. Naumov, Dean A. Fennell, Brian Cunniff. First-in-class peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) inhibitor RSO-021 triggers mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in mesothelioma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4716.
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Fung, Siau-Min, Gary Ramsay, and Alisa L. Katzen. "Mutations inDrosophila myblead to centrosome amplification and genomic instability." Development 129, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.2.347.
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We have previously established that the single myb gene in Drosophila melanogaster, Dm myb, which is related to the proto-oncogene Myb, is required for the G2/M transition of the cell cycle and for suppression of endoreduplication in pupal wing cells. We now report that studies of the abdominal phenotype in loss-of-function Dm myb mutants reveal additional roles for Dm myb in the cell cycle, specifically in mitosis. Abdominal epidermal cells that are mutant for Dm myb proliferate more slowly than wild-type controls throughout pupation, with particularly sluggish progression through the early stages of mitosis. Abnormal mitoses associated with multiple functional centrosomes, unequal chromosome segregation, formation of micronuclei, and/or failure to complete cell division are common in the later cell cycles of mutant cells. Resulting nuclei are often aneuploid and/or polyploid. Similar defects have also been observed in loss-of-function mutations of the tumor suppressor genes p53, Brca1 and Brca2. These data demonstrate that in abdominal epidermal cells, Dm myb is required to sustain the appropriate rate of proliferation, to suppress formation of supernumerary centrosomes, and to maintain genomic integrity.
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Carnate, Jose M. "Low-Grade Cribriform Cystadenocarcinoma of the Parotid Gland." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 31, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v31i2.249.
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This is the case of a 44-year-old woman with a one-year history of a left pre-auricular mass. The surgical specimen is a 5 centimeter diameter tan-brown irregularly-shaped tissue whose cut surfaces are brown with cystic spaces. Microscopic sections show cystic and dilated ductal spaces lined by cells forming irregular, variably-sized secondary spaces. These spaces are arranged in a cribriform pattern that is reminiscent of breast ductal hyperplasia. (Figure 1) The ductal cells lining the spaces are small, multilayered, and generally bland. The superficial cells show apocrine-type cytoplasmic snouting. There is no significant nuclear atypia or mitotic activity noted. Necrosis is also absent. (Figure 2) Based on these features, we signed the case as a low-grade cribriform cyastadenocarcinoma (LGCCC).
LGCCC is an uncommon tumor presenting primarily as cystic parotid masses in elderly females. The histologic hallmark of this tumor is its morphologic resemblance to the spectrum of breast lesions ranging from ductal hyperplasia to low-grade ductal carcinoma-in-situ.1-4
Microscopic sections show an unencapsulated tumor consisting of single or multiple cysts lined by proliferated small and bland ductal cells with fine chromatin and small nucleoli. Within the cystic spaces, the cells are often arranged in a cribriform pattern with anastomosing intracystic micropapillae lining the cavity. Many superficial cells show apocrine-type secretions. Thus, the over-all appearance is quite comparable to breast lesions that are termed atypical ductal hyperplasia and low-grade ductal carcinoma-in-situ.1-4 Focal invasion into the surrounding tissue can be seen. Perineural or vascular invasion however is typically absent. Cellular pleomorphism and mitoses are also usually absent and necrosis is rare. Occasional tumors however may demonstrate a transition to an intermediate or high-grade cytology with the appearance of scattered mitoses and focal necrosis.1,2
This tumor needs to be distinguished from a conventional cystadenocarcinoma. The latter is a more frankly invasive tumor with smaller duct-like structures that infiltrate into the salivary parenchyma and surrounding connective tissue. A papillary-cystic variant of acinic cell carcinoma will have areas of acinar differentiation and a greater degree of epithelial proliferation.1,5 A high-grade salivary duct carcinoma will have a high-grade cytology with more frequent necrosis, mitoses, and pleomorphism.6 Special stains that help in the differential diagnosis include Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain with Diastase digestion (diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules in an acinic cell carcinoma), and S100 (strong diffuse positivity in LGCCC).1
LGCCC is treated by complete surgical excision. Although there are only a few reported cases with follow-up, to our knowledge, none, to date, have recurred.1-4
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Gaspar Celaya, Diego. "De l’oubli, des mythes, de l’histoire. Histoire et mémoire des volontaires espagnols dans Résistance française / On Oblivion, Myths and History. History and Memory of Spanish Volunteers within the French Resistance / Olvido, mitos e historia. Historia y memoria de la participación española en la Resistencia francesa." Historiografías, no. 12 (December 27, 2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.2016122364.
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Este artículo está dedicado al estudio del proceso de transición entre memoria e historia de las obras dedicadas al estudio de la participación española en la Resistencia francesa. Para ello analizo, la bibliografía e historiografía que se ha ocupado del tema, y lo hago presentando un breve estado de la cuestión de publicaciones, reuniones científicas y homenajes dedicados a los resistentes españoles. Con él pretendo reflexionar tanto sobre la transición propuesta como sobre la creación de figuras míticas a las que en ocasiones han dado lugar ciertas obras y homenajes.Palabras claveExilio, historia, memoria, Resistencia.AbstractThis paper is focused on the delayed transition from memory to history in works devoted to the Spanish participation in the French Resistance. To this purpose, we shall examine the bibliography and historiography dedicated to this topic by presenting a balance of the publications, scientific meetings, and recent homages devoted to the Spaniards Resistance volunteers. With it we want to reflect both the kind of suggested transition and the contribution to create mythical figures to which some works and homages have given raise.Key WordsExile, history, memory, Resistance
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Hattori, Naka, Tyler C. Davies, Lynn Anson-Cartwright, and James C. Cross. "Periodic Expression of the Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57Kip2 in Trophoblast Giant Cells Defines a G2-like Gap Phase of the Endocycle." Molecular Biology of the Cell 11, no. 3 (March 2000): 1037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.11.3.1037.
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Endoreduplication is an unusual form of cell cycle in which rounds of DNA synthesis repeat in the absence of intervening mitoses. How G1/S cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) activity is regulated during the mammalian endocycle is poorly understood. We show here that expression of the G1/S Cdk inhibitor p57Kip2 is induced coincidentally with the transition to the endocycle in trophoblast giant cells.Kip2 mRNA is constitutively expressed during subsequent endocycles, but the protein level fluctuates. In trophoblast giant cells synchronized for the first few endocycles, the p57Kip2 protein accumulates only at the end of S-phase and then rapidly disappears a few hours before the onset of the next S-phase. The protein becomes stabilized by mutation of a C-terminal Cdk phosphorylation site. As a consequence, introduction of this stable form of p57Kip2 into giant cells blocks S-phase entry. These data imply that p57Kip2 is subject to phosphorylation-dependent turnover. Surprisingly, although this occurs in endoreduplicating giant cells, p57Kip2 is stable when ectopically expressed in proliferating trophoblast cells, indicating that these cells lack the mechanism for protein targeting and/or degradation. These data show that the appearance of p57Kip2punctuates the completion of DNA replication, whereas its turnover is subsequently required to initiate the next round of endoreduplication in trophoblast giant cells. Cyclical expression of a Cdk inhibitor, by terminating G1/S Cdk activity, may help promote the resetting of DNA replication machinery.
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García Navarro, Carmen. "Land dreaming: identidades y arraigo en la escritura de Sharon Blackie y Pat Mora." RAUDEM. Revista de Estudios de las Mujeres 3 (October 4, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/raudem.v3i0.1060.
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Land dreaming: identidades y arraigo en la escritura de Sharon Blackie y Pat MoraResumen: Las obras de Sharon Blackie y Pat Mora enfatizan la necesidad de una mayor conexión de los individuos con el medio natural. Desde la necesidad personal de fortalecer los vínculos de pertenencia a un lugar y una comunidad, las dos autoras exploran sus raíces y el entramado de la historia personal. De la respuesta artística a esa necesidad surgen narrativas y poéticas que reconocen representaciones antiguas y actuales sobre el cuidado del planeta, y el de tradiciones, relatos y mitos de los lugares que habitamos.Palabras clave: Construcción de identidades, tránsitos, arraigo, pertenencia, econarrativa, ecopoética.Land Dreaming: Identities and Belonging in Sharon Blackie’s and Pat Mora’s writingAbstract: The works of Sharon Blackie and Pat Mora emphasize the need for connection with the natural environment. Given the need to strengthen bonds of belonging to the community as key for the construction of identities, both writers explore their roots to produce narratives and poetics that name former and current representations of what unites us to this planet. Similarly, they argue about the relevancy of old and current representations, traditions, stories and myths of the places we inhabit.Key words: Identity construction, transitions, settling, belonging, econarrative, ecopoetry.
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Macaulay, Robert J. B., Venita Jay, Harold J. Hoffman, and Laurence E. Becker. "Increased mitotic activity as a negative prognostic indicator in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 79, no. 5 (November 1993): 761–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1993.79.5.0761.
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✓ Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a recently characterized neoplasm with a favorable prognosis despite aggressive histological features. The authors report a case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that recurred 4 years after complete gross resection. The original tumor exhibited histological features characteristic of this neoplasm, but up to 4 mitoses/10 high-power fields were present focally. The recurrent tumor contained small foci of classical pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, but consisted predominantly of glioblastoma multiforme. Transitional zones contained nests of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunopositive cells surrounded by delicate collagenous and reticulin-rich septa. Electron microscopy of the transitional zone showed continuous basal lamina investing cells containing bundles of intermediate filaments. These were GFAP-positive by immunogold electron microscopy, confirming the astrocytic nature of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. This example illustrates the capacity of this tumor to evolve into glioblastoma. The indolent clinical behavior of most pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas is evident from a literature review, which confirms the prolonged survival of many patients after onset of symptoms. Completeness of excision, subjectively assessed at surgery, did not influence the risk of recurrence or survival up to 10 years after initial resection. Postoperative radiotherapy did not improve survival, but may reduce the probability of recurrence; more studies are needed to corroborate this finding. The data compiled herein support the designation of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma as a distinct astrocytic neoplasm with a favorable prognosis. An increased mitotic rate has not previously been correlated with a worse outcome, and should not be used to exclude this diagnosis. However, anaplastic transformation of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma confers a much worse prognosis, and this case suggests that increased mitotic activity may be a negative prognostic indicator since it may herald subsequent anaplastic transformation.
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Saraswati, Sagung Intan, Nyoman Pramaita, and Linawati Linawati. "AUDIT LAYANAN SISTEM INFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK COBIT 5." Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro 21, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mite.2022.v21i02.p13.
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SIMPEG – SIMAK DIHAT is Information System of Government Staff that developed by the Denpasar City Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) in supporting the implementation of e-government and Denpasar Smart City for the realization of good public services based on "Sewakadharma" as an innovation product. The COVID-19 pandemic has created several changes. Starting from budget efficiency, the Work From Home (WFH) transition, online training and education, have had a huge impact on the development of SIMPEG - SIMAK DIHATI which is a milestone in Denpasar City BKPSDM staffing services. COBIT 5 was chosen because it was considered to be able to describe what should be done in the future development of SIMPEG – SIMAK DIHATI. In addition, COBIT 5 also calculates the capability level value which represents the level of alignment of information technology goals and organizational business goals.
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Hungerbuehler, A. Katrin, Peter Philippsen, and Amy S. Gladfelter. "Limited Functional Redundancy and Oscillation of Cyclins in Multinucleated Ashbya gossypii Fungal Cells." Eukaryotic Cell 6, no. 3 (November 22, 2006): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00273-06.
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ABSTRACT Cyclin protein behavior has not been systematically investigated in multinucleated cells with asynchronous mitoses. Cyclins are canonical oscillating cell cycle proteins, but it is unclear how fluctuating protein gradients can be established in multinucleated cells where nuclei in different stages of the division cycle share the cytoplasm. Previous work in A. gossypii, a filamentous fungus in which nuclei divide asynchronously in a common cytoplasm, demonstrated that one G1 and one B-type cyclin do not fluctuate in abundance across the division cycle. We have undertaken a comprehensive analysis of all G1 and B-type cyclins in A. gossypii to determine whether any of the cyclins show periodic abundance across the cell cycle and to examine whether cyclins exhibit functional redundancy in such a cellular environment. We localized all G1 and B-type cyclins and notably found that only AgClb5/6p varies in subcellular localization during the division cycle. AgClb5/6p is lost from nuclei at the meta-anaphase transition in a D-box-dependent manner. These data demonstrate that efficient nuclear autonomous protein degradation can occur within multinucleated cells residing in a common cytoplasm. We have shown that three of the five cyclins in A. gossypii are essential genes, indicating that there is minimal functional redundancy in this multinucleated system. In addition, we have identified a cyclin, AgClb3/4p, that is essential only for sporulation. We propose that the cohabitation of different cyclins in nuclei has led to enhanced substrate specificity and limited functional redundancy within classes of cyclins in multinucleated cells.
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Rahadian, Helmy, Muhammad Rizalul Wahid, and Zaenal Arifin. "Analisis Komputasi Paralel pada Image Encoding Framework untuk Konversi Citra Data Deret Waktu Sistem Kontrol Industri." Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro 22, no. 2 (December 19, 2023): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mite.2023.v22i02.p06.
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Sensor pada sistem kontrol industri mengirimkan serangkaian data tiap waktu dikenal dengan data deret waktu ke kontroler. Data memiliki informasi penting bagi kontroler untuk menentukan sinyal kontrol bagi aktuator. Munculnya anomali pada data deret waktu dapat dideteksi dengan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) memanfaatkan teknik image encoding seperti Gramian Angular Field (GAF) dan Markov Transition Field (MTF). Teknik ini mengubah data deret waktu menjadi citra melalui serangkaian tahap mulai persiapan data, encoding data, dan konversi citra. Pembagian data berukuran besar menjadi sejumlah segmen yang lebih kecil membutuhkan proses encoding dan konversi yang berulang. Proses berulang yang dikerjakan secara serial membutuhkan waktu yang lama sehingga memperlambat deteksi anomali dan tanggapan yang harus dilakukan. Penelitian ini menerapkan komputasi paralel dengan Joblib dan Mpire pada image encoding GAF dan MTF yang disediakan oleh pustaka pyts berbasis Python. Konfigurasi n_jobs menentukan jumlah inti logika CPU yang digunakan untuk mengeksekusi program. Penerapan nilai n_jobs = 8 yang disesuaikan dengan jumlah inti logika CPU komputer penelitian menghasilkan penghematan waktu proses rata-rata sebesar 63% (Joblib) dan 49% (Mpire) yang secara teoritis akan mampu mendeteksi anomali yang muncul minimal tiap 62.73 ms (Joblib) dan 86.20 ms (Mpire) dibandingkan dengan komputasi serial yakni setiap 167.51 ms.
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Bezdieniezhnykh, N., O. Kovalova, O. Lykhova, R. Kocherga, A. Vorontsova, V. Zhylchuk, G. Maksimyak, and Yu I. Kudryavets. "EFFECT OF ANTITUMOR DRUGS IN LOW CONCENTRATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL, IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC AND CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN COLON CANCER CELLS in vitro." Experimental Oncology 39, no. 1 (March 22, 2017): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31768/2312-8852.2017.39(1):17-24.
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Objective: To estimate the impact of the low-dose anticancer drugs (ACD) with the different mechanisms of action and human interferon (IFN) alpha 2b on the biological properties, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of colon cancer cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on human colon cancer cell lines COLO 205, HT-29 and 3C-P treated with ACD and IFN in subtoxic concentrations. Expression of CD44, N-cadherin, vimentin, β-catenin, ERCC1 and Slug was assessed by immunocytochemical method. Using cytogenetic analysis, the numbers of mitoses, cells with micronuclei, apoptotic cells and cells with nuclear protrusions were studied. Results: The prolonged exposure (up to 30 days) of colon cancer cells to low-dose ACD (0.2–0.5 µg/ml cisplatin and 0.1–0.2 µg/ml irinotecan) in combination with IFN (500–1000 IU/ml) led to 37-fold decreased colony-forming activity of these cell and 10-fold reduction of the number of cells expressing mesenchymal protein markers (N-cadherin, vimentin). Also, in COLO 205 cells treated with ACD and IFN the number of SLUG- and CD44-positive cells decreased by 92 and by 85%, respectively. Long-term cultivation of HT-29 cells in the presence of cisplatin and IFN resulted in 5-fold suppression of ERCC1 expression. The cytogenetic analysis has shown that the ACD, IFN and their combinations in subtoxic concentrations caused significant genotoxic effect, suppression of cell proliferation and accumulation of cells with micronuclei. The sensitivity of colon cancer cells to ACD in standard cytotoxic concentrations did not change after prolonged low-dose exposure. Conclusion: The data showed that the prolonged action of the low doses of ACD on human colon cancer cells resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, colony-forming activity in soft agar, expression of epithelialmesenchymal transition-associated markers and significant cytogenetic changes.
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WERNER WOLF, KLAUS. "Mitotic and meiotic spindles from two insect orders, Lepidoptera and Diptera, differ in terms of microtubule and membrane content." Journal of Cell Science 97, no. 1 (September 1, 1990): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.97.1.91.
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Spindles from the gonads of five insect species were examined after conventional preparation for electron microscopy. The aim of the study was to determine (1) the range of variation of the spindle membranes between mitotic and meiotic cells and (2) the correlation of possible differences with the microtubule content of the spindles. The study involved four moth species, Ephestia kuehniella, Phragmatobia fuliginosa, Orgyia thyellina, Orgyia antiqua, and one fly, Megaselia scalaris. Somatic and gonial mitoses in all species examined showed a sparse spindle membrane inventory. In contrast, spermatocytes consistently had a multi- layered spindle envelope. In spermatocytes of all Lepidoptera species examined, but not in those of M. scalaris, diverse forms of intraspindle membranes existed in addition to the spindle envelope. Microtubule counts in serially cross-sectioned spindles of E. kuehniella revealed an about 6-fold increase in the mass of polymerized tubulin during the transition from spermatogonia to primary spermatocytes. The increase was 3.3-fold in O. thyellina and less than 3-fold in M. scalaris. The density of intraspindle membranes in E. kuehniella was higher than in O. thyelhna by factors of 1.8 to 3.0. The correlation between the amount of spindle membranes and the microtubule content of the spindle indicates a functional relationship. Spindle membranes are believed to influence microtubule stability via the regulation of the Ca2+ concentration within the spindle area. The high microtubule mass in spindles from Lepidoptera spermatocytes may result from the membrane-dependent lowering of the Ca2+ level within the spindles. Finally, an unconventional idea on the role of intraspindle membranes is offered. This concept is not intended to challenge the function of spindle-associated membranes as Ca2+-sequestrating compartments. Intraspindle membranes are considered as stuffing material in sheathed spindles. Membranous compartments reduce the free volume within the spindle. Thereby, monomeric tubulin is concentrated and the formation of microtubules is favoured.
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Frost, D., J. Lasota, and M. Miettinen. "Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors and Leiomyomas in the Dog: A Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Genetic Study of 50 Cases." Veterinary Pathology 40, no. 1 (January 2003): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.40-1-42.
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Fifty canine gastrointestinal (GI) mesenchymal tumors were examined to determine the occurrence of leiomyomas (LM) and GI stromal tumors and to compare their clinicopathologic features. Twenty-one tumors (42%) were histologically reclassified as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and 29 tumors (58%) as LMs on the basis of their histologic similarity with homologous human tumors. The GISTs occurred equally in males and females, with a mean age of 11 years (range 5–14 years). Five GISTs (24%) were associated with clinical signs and six (29%) had metastasis in liver or abdominal cavity. The GISTs occurred in large intestine (10, 48%), small bowel (six, 29%), stomach (four, 19%), and mesentery of small intestine (one, 5%). Histologically, they were highly cellular spindle, or less commonly epithelioid tumors with mitotic rates ranging from 0 to 19 per 10 HPF. Eleven tumors (52%) were positive for CD117 (KIT); seven (33%) were positive for smooth muscle actin but none for desmin and S-100 protein. Sequences of KIT exon 11, often mutated in human GISTs, were evaluated from four GISTs. Deletion of Try556-Lys557 coexisting with duplication of Gln555 in one case of GIST and T to C transition resulting in substitution of Pro for Leu575 in another were identified. The LMs occurred predominantly in males (82%) with a mean age of 11 years (range 8–17 years). Nine tumors (31%) had associated clinical signs. They occurred in the stomach (22, 76%), esophagus (four, 14%), and intestines (three, 10%); all were paucicellular, had no mitoses, and were composed of mature smooth muscle cells. Twenty-eight (97%) were positive for smooth muscle actin and 18(62%) for desmin but none for CD117 and S-100. Both GISTs and true LMs occur in the GI tract of dogs. Both tumors have distinctive pathologic features.
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Pamungkas, I. Kadek Krisna Angga, Rukmi Sari Hartati, and Yoga Divayana. "Implementasi Metode Relational Unified Process Dalam Pembuatan Sistem Penjadwalan Bimbingan Tugas Akhir." Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro 19, no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mite.2020.v19i01.p10.
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Abstract— Final project is one of the requirements that must be passed by students to complete their education. In the process of making the final project there is a guidance stage for the work of lecturers. The construction of the final assignment guidance scheduling system using the Relational Unfied Proccess (RUP) method aims to meet between lecturers and students, it is difficult to determine the schedule of meetings. In the RUP process there are 4 stages that must be passed in building a system. Inception at this stage the search for system requirements. Conducted by conducting interviews with students obtained a schedule for system development, 5 main functional needs of the system and 3 actors contained in the system. Elaboration is done by designing a system using the Unified Modeling Language. Beginning with the design with a use case diagram, proceed to the activity diagram and finally use the class diagram. The construction phase of the system is built based on the web using the programming languages ??PHP, HTML and CSS. Finally, in the transition phase the implementation at the construction stage will be tested using the blackbox method to test the functional system. In testing conducted on the login, submission of guidance, complaints and confirmation of submission obtained valid results for testing.
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Studniarz, Sławomir. "The American Waste: A New Take on the Conquest of the West in Paul Auster’s novel Travels in the Scriptorium // El desecho americano: Una nueva versión de la conquista del Oeste en la novela Travels in the Scriptorium de Paul Auster." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 9, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2018.9.2.2352.
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The subject of the article is the 2006 novel Travels in the Scriptorium by Paul Auster, which contains an embedded, alternative history of the USA. The article aims to demonstrate that Auster’s novel offers a revision of two essential myths of the American nation. The precise moment in the history of the USA that Auster’s novel reinvents is the time before the Mexican War and before taking over the Southwest and California. The Mexican War and its political consequences marked the transition of the USA from a republic upholding its libertarian and progressive ideals to an invading imperial power. The shift in the American policy toward its neighboring nations and peoples is reflected in Auster’s novel in the presentation of the westward expansion as a brutal invasion. Auster’s novel heavily revises the two formative myths of the American state, the myth of the West and the “errand in the wilderness,” with Manifest Destiny as its later incarnation justifying the imperialist mission. The wilderness itself is divested of spiritual significance, desacralized, as the Alien Territories are converted into the arena of carnage and indiscriminate slaughter. It is unreservedly sacrificed to the interests of the emerging imperialist enterprise, which is nothing less than the ultimate consequence of the original Puritan venture—the taming of the wilderness and the creation of a model Christian state for the rest of the world to admire. Resumen El presente artículo gira en torno a la novela Travels in the Scriptorium (2006) de Paul Auster, en la que se narra una historia alternativa de los Estados Unidos. El artículo pretende demostrar que la novela de Auster ofrece una revisión de dos mitos esenciales de la nación norteamericana. El momento preciso de la historia de los Estados Unidos que reinventa la novela de Auster es la época anterior a la Guerra de Estados Unidos-México y antes de que se produjera la anexión del suroeste y de California. La Guerra de Estados Unidos-México y sus consecuencias políticas marcaron la transición de los EE.UU. desde una república que defendía sus ideales libertarios y progresistas a una potencia imperial invasora. El cambio de la política estadounidense con respecto a las naciones y pueblos vecinos se refleja en la novela de Auster al presentar la expansión hacia el oeste como una invasión brutal. La novela de Auster revisa en gran medida los dos mitos formativos del estado estadounidense: el mito del Oeste y la “misión en el desierto”, con el Destino Manifiesto como su encarnación posterior que justifica la misión imperialista. La propia naturaleza salvaje es despojada de su significado espiritual, desacralizada, a medida que los Territorios Foráneos se convierten en una arena para la carnicería y la matanza indiscriminadas. Esta naturaleza salvaje se sacrifica sin reservas en aras de los intereses de la empresa imperialista emergente, la cual es nada más y nada menos que la consecuencia última de la empresa puritana original: la domesticación de la naturaleza y la creación de un estado cristiano modelo para que el resto del mundo lo admire.
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Izban, Keith F., Serhan Alkan, Timothy P. Singleton, and Eric D. Hsi. "Multiparameter Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Cell Cycle Proteins Cyclin D1, Ki-67, p21WAF1, p27KIP1, and p53 in Mantle Cell Lymphoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 1457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1457-miaotc.
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Abstract Background.—Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1, a G1 cyclin that participates in the control of cell cycle progression at the G1 to S phase transition. In addition to cyclin D1, other cell cycle regulatory molecules may be involved in the proliferation and progression of MCL. Mutation of p53, deletion of p16INK4a, and loss of p21WAF1 expression have been reported in some cases of blastoid MCL. Objective.—We sought to examine levels of expression of these proteins in typical and blastoid MCL and to determine whether differences were present between these subtypes of lymphomas. Design.—A retrospective series of typical and blastoid MCLs was evaluated for expression of the cell cycle–related proteins cyclin D1, p21WAF1, p27KIP1, Ki-67, and p53, as well as mitotic index. Paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 24 MCL specimens (17 typical, 7 blastoid) were immunostained with antibodies to p21WAF1, p27KIP1, p53, Ki-67, and cyclin D1. The percentage of positive cells for each specimen was estimated by counting 1500 cells under oil immersion microscopy. Levels of antigen expression were compared for the typical and blastoid MCLs. The mitotic index was estimated using twenty 100× oil immersion fields (OIFs) for each specimen. Results.—Cyclin D1 expression was seen in 22/24 specimens (92%). Blastoid MCLs were characterized by a significantly higher mean mitotic index (>20 mitoses/20 OIFs) and Ki-67 index (>45%) when compared with typical MCLs (P < .001 and P < .008, respectively; Fisher's exact test). High expression of p27KIP1 (>25% staining) was seen more frequently in typical MCLs than in the blastoid variants (P = .03; Fisher's exact test). No significant differences were found between typical and blastoid MCLs for the expression of p21WAF1 or p53. Conclusions.—A significantly higher mitotic index and Ki-67 index were found in blastoid MCLs as compared with typical MCLs. Low p27KIP1 expression was associated with the blastoid MCL variant. These findings confirm the high proliferative nature of blastoid MCL and suggest a role for p27KIP1 in the negative regulation of the cell cycle in MCL.
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Hsu, Dora W., Jimmy T. Efird, and E. Tessa Hedley-Whyte. "Progesterone and estrogen receptors in meningiomas: prognostic considerations." Journal of Neurosurgery 86, no. 1 (January 1997): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.86.1.0113.
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✓ Meningiomas often contain steroid hormone receptors, but the correlation of receptor presence with patient outcome or mitotic index is unclear. Intracranial meningiomas from 70 patients (27 males and 43 females, mean age 52.9 + 1.7 years [mean ± standard error of the mean], range 15–78 years) were evaluated immunocytochemically for female sex hormone receptors using specific monoclonal antibodies. Prognostic correlations were determined using statistical analyses that included clinical and histological variables. Twenty-eight tumors were benign, 27 had atypical features, and 15 were malignant. Thirty tumors were meningotheliomatous, 11 were fibroblastic, 28 were transitional, and one was secretory. Twenty-nine of the 70 primary tumors recurred (mean interval to recurrence 50.1 ± 10 months). The mean progression-free follow-up period for patients without recurrence was 82.1 ± 7.7 months. Nuclear staining for the progesterone receptor (PR) was found in 58 cases (83%) and PR status was scored as 0 (0% nuclei positive), 1 (< 1%), 2 (1–9%), 3 (10–49%), or 4 (> 50%). Only six tumors (8.6%) contained nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) staining, which was limited to a small number of nuclei (< 1%). Fisher's exact test (two-tailed) showed an inverse correlation between tumor grade and PR staining score (p ≤ 0.001), with 96% of benign and 40% of malignant meningiomas containing PR-positive nuclei. No correlation between age or histological subtype and PR score was detected. Meningiomas from female patients had more PRs (p ≤ 0.05). Analysis of variance revealed that the mitotic index (total counts of mitoses per 10 high-power fields) for tumors with 0 PR staining (18 ± 4.4) was higher (p ± 0.0001) than for those with PR scores of 1 to 4 (4.3 ± 1.9, 5.1 ± 2, 2.2 ± 0.8, and 1.7 ± 0.9, respectively). Univariate analysis indicated that the absence of PR, high mitotic index, and higher tumor grade were significant factors for shorter disease-free intervals. Multivariate analysis showed that a three-factor interaction model, with a PR score of 0, mitotic index greater than 6, and malignant tumor grade, was a highly significant predictor (p ≤ 0.0001) for worse outcome in patients harboring meningiomas. These data indicate that the presence of PRs, even in a small number of tumor cells, is a favorable prognostic factor for meningiomas.
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Abreu, Alzira Alves de. "Um novo olhar sobre os jornalistas. Os depoimentos orais." Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 1, no. 1 (September 6, 2012): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v1.n1.2012.19.
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Este texto procura discutir a possibilidade de explicar as mudanças ocorridas na mídia brasileira especialmente na fase de transição do regime militar/autoritário para a democracia (1964-1985). Para isso, fizemos uma análise dos principais jornais e revistas do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo e utilizamos depoimentos orais e a construção de trajetórias de vida. Através de sessenta entrevistas de história oral, foi possível identificar a atuação dos jornalistas, suas aspirações, imagens e representações. Utilizar biografias e histórias de vida nos estudos de mudança social implica, sem dúvida, uma valorização do papel do indivíduo na história. Por outro lado, utilizar o método de história oral significa que o pesquisador só trabalha com personagens e temas do presente, o que coloca o problema da proximidade e da identidade do pesquisador com o narrador. As dificuldades que se apresentam para o pesquisador estão ligadas ao controle das informações obtidas. Em muitos casos, só aparecem os lados positivos da atuação do entrevistado. Os depoimentos envolvem falas que procuram difundir mitos sobre a mudança e esconder determinadas realidades que não contemplam certos grupos, ou fatos e acontecimentos desfavoráveis ao depoente. Mas as entrevistas revelaram aspectos desconhecidos de uma profissão que até recentemente era pouco estudada no Brasil.This paper seeks to discuss and explain the changes in Brazilian media, especially during the transition from the authoritarian military regime to the democratic period (1964-1985). An analysis was made of major newspapers and magazines in both Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo and oral testimonies were used. The study of sixty oral history interviews enabled us to identify the role of journalists, their aspirations, images and representations. The use of biographies and personal stories in the study of social change implies, without doubt, an appreciation of the role of the individual in history. On the other hand, adopting the method of oral history leads the researcher to work with characters and themes in the present time, raising the question of proximity and identity of the researcher and narrator. The difficulties that arise for the researcher are linked to the control of information. Many cases only show the positive side of the interviewee’s actions and their statements, in many instances, spread myths about change and hide certain realities that do not include certain groups, facts or events unfavorable to the speaker. On the other hand, the interviews reveal unknown aspects of a profession that, until recently, was little studied in Brazil.Ce texte souhaite discuter la possibilité d’expliquer les changements intervenus dans les médias brésiliens, particulièrement durant la phase de transition du régime militaire/autoritaire vers la démocratie (1964-1985). À cette fin, nous procédons à une analyse des principaux journaux et revues de Rio de Janeiro et São Paulo, et nous utilisons des témoignages oraux et la méthode des trajectoires de vie. À travers soixante récits de vie, il a été possible d’identifier l’action des journalistes, leurs aspirations, images et représentations. Utiliser des biographies et des histoires de vie dans l’étude du changement social implique, sans aucun doute, une attention au rôle de l’individu dans l’histoire. Par ailleurs, utiliser la méthode de l’histoire orale signifie que le chercheur travaille seulement avec des personnages et des thèmes du présent, ce qui pose le problème de la proximité et de l’identité du chercheur en relation avec le narrateur. Les difficultés qui se présentent pour le chercheur sont liées au contrôle des informations obtenues. Dans de nombreux cas, n’apparaissent que les côtés positifs de l’action de l’interviewé. Les témoignages impliquent des propos qui cherchent à répandre des mythes sur le changement et à oublier des réalités déterminantes qui ne prennent pas en compte certains groupes, ou des faits défavorables au témoin. Mais les entrevues révèlent aussi des aspects inconnus d’une profession qui jusqu’à récemment fut peu étudiée au Brésil.
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Jaya, Yanuar Danan, and Pande Made Sukerta. "Komposisi Musik Tetabuhan Sandikala sebagai Interpretasi Suasana Siang Menuju Malam di Yogyakarta." PROMUSIKA 10, no. 2 (December 3, 2022): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/promusika.v10i2.8157.
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Pada masyaraat Bali berkembang mitos larangan beraktivitas saat perpindahan waktu dari sore ke malam yang dipercaya sebagai terbukanya gerbang alam nyata dan ghaib. Penciptaan komposisi musik Tetabuhan Sandikala adalah wujud doa persembahan yang disajikan pada waktu sakral tersebut untuk mengekspresikan kesatuan kekuatan harmoni jiwa dan raga. Tujuan penciptaan karya ini adalah untuk mengungkap dan menginterpretasikan perubahan waktu tersebut sebagai Sang Waktu. Metode penciptaan karya menggunakan teori Niteni-Niroke-Nambahi (3N). Proses penciptaan meliputi tiga tahap garapan, yaitu penyusunan ide, penyusunan gagasan isi, dan implementasi serta penuangan ide. Pada tahap pertama kegiatan meliputi pengamatan lapangan, studi pustaka, diskusi dan kontemplasi. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan perancangan isi garapan, penerapan susunan instrument musik, dan menerapkan teori. Tahap ketiga adalah penuangan penggambaran suasana keramat peralihan waktu dari sore ke petang, ke dalam karya musik baru, dan tahap akhir adalah membuktikannya dalam pertunjukan langsung. Hasil penciptaan karya berjudul Tetabuhan Sandikala ini ialah penyajian komposisi musik instrumental yang memiliki tiga gerakan, yaitu siang, sandikala, dan malam. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengayaan bidang penciptaan musik dalam bentuk kolaborasi di antara musik pentatonis dan diatonis.Abstract‘Tetabuhan Sandikala’ Music Composition as an Interpretation of Day to Night Changing Athmpsphere in Yogyakarta. In the Balinese community, there is a myth about activities prohibited during the changing of time from afternoon to night. The changing time has been believed to be the gates opening of the real world and the unseen. The creation of the musical composition of Tetabuhan Sandikala is a form of offering prayer presented at that sacred time to express the unity and harmonic power of soul and body. The purpose of composing this work is to uncover and interpret the time changing as The Time. The creation method of the works uses the theory of Niteni-Niroke-Nambahi (3N). The composition process includes three stages, namely the preparation of ideas, the preparation of content ideas, and the implementation and pouring of ideas. The first stage of activities included field observations, literature studies, discussions and contemplation. In the second stage, the content design of the work is carried out, including the application of musical instruments orchestration, and the application of theory. The third stage is the pouring out of the depiction of the sacred atmosphere of the transition of time from afternoon to evening, into a new piece of music, and the final stage is to prove it in a live performance. The result of the creation of this work entitled Tetabuhan Sandikala is the presentation of instrumental music compositions that have three movements, namely day, sandikala, and night. This research contributes to the enrichment of the field of music creation in the form of collaboration between pentatonic and diatonic music.Keywords: composition; interpretation; Sandikala
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Iyyappan, Rajan, Daria Aleshkina, Hao Ming, Michal Dvoran, Kianoush Kakavand, Denisa Jansova, Edgar del Llano, et al. "The translational oscillation in oocyte and early embryo development." Nucleic Acids Research, November 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkad996.
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Abstract Translation is critical for development as transcription in the oocyte and early embryo is silenced. To illustrate the translational changes during meiosis and consecutive two mitoses of the oocyte and early embryo, we performed a genome-wide translatome analysis. Acquired data showed significant and uniform activation of key translational initiation and elongation axes specific to M-phases. Although global protein synthesis decreases in M-phases, translation initiation and elongation activity increases in a uniformly fluctuating manner, leading to qualitative changes in translation regulation via the mTOR1/4F/eEF2 axis. Overall, we have uncovered a highly dynamic and oscillatory pattern of translational reprogramming that contributes to the translational regulation of specific mRNAs with different modes of polysomal occupancy/translation that are important for oocyte and embryo developmental competence. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of gene expression during oocyte meiosis as well as the first two embryonic mitoses and show how temporal translation can be optimized. This study is the first step towards a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms that not only control translation during early development, but also regulate translation-related networks employed in the oocyte-to-embryo transition and embryonic genome activation.
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Berger, Frédéric. "Meiosis as a mechanism for epigenetic reprogramming and cellular rejuvenation." Development 151, no. 20 (October 14, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.203046.
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ABSTRACT Meiosis is a hallmark of sexual reproduction because it represents the transition from one life cycle to the next and, in animals, meiosis produces gametes. Why meiosis evolved has been debated and most studies have focused on recombination of the parental alleles as the main function of meiosis. However, 40 years ago, Robin Holliday proposed that an essential function of meiosis is to oppose the consequence of successive mitoses that cause cellular aging. Cellular aging results from accumulated defective organelles and proteins and modifications of chromatin in the form of DNA methylation and histone modifications referred to collectively as epigenetic marks. Here, recent findings supporting the hypothesis that meiosis opposes cellular aging are reviewed and placed in the context of the diversity of the life cycles of eukaryotes, including animals, yeast, flowering plants and the bryophyte Marchantia.
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Li, Lei, Qianqian Hu, Yi Zhao, Ting Jiang, Huaihao Yang, and Binglian Zheng. "Cell proliferation suppressor RBR1 interacts with ARID1 to promote pollen mitosis via stabilizing DUO1 in Arabidopsis." New Phytologist, January 21, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.20399.
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Summary In plants, sperm cell formation involves two rounds of pollen mitoses, in which the microspore initiates the first pollen mitosis (PMI) to produce a vegetative cell and a generative cell, then the generative cell continues the second mitosis (PMII) to produce two sperm cells. DUO1, a R2R3 Myb transcription factor, is activated in the generative cell to promote S‐G2/M transition during PMII. Loss‐of‐function of DUO1 caused a complete arrest of PMII. Despite the importance of DUO1, how DUO1 is regulated is largely unexplored. We previously demonstrated that ARID1, an ARID transcription factor, stimulates DUO1 transcription. Here, we show that cell proliferation suppressor RBR1 interacts with ARID1 to stabilize DUO1. While the C‐terminus of RBR1 is dispensable for vegetative growth, it plays a crucial role in reproductive development and facilitates interaction with ARID1. Moreover, DUO1 is a short‐lived protein, ARID1 promotes the RBR1–DUO1 interaction, and RBR1 stabilizes DUO1 in a proteasome‐dependent manner. Thus, RBR1 promotes DUO1‐dependent PMII progression via antagonizing its repressive role in the cell cycle factors CDKA;1 and CYCB1;1. Collectively, we uncover that ARID1 and RBR1 act in concert to regulate DUO1 at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, balancing cell specification and cell division.
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Ahmed, Syed Salahuddin, Jeffrey Chun Tatt Lim, Aye Aye Thike, Jabed Iqbal, and Puay Hoon Tan. "Epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell interactions in breast phyllodes tumours: immunohistochemical evaluation of EZH2, EZR, HMGA2, CD24 and CD44 in correlation with outcome analysis." Journal of Clinical Pathology, February 24, 2021, jclinpath—2020–207068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207068.
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AimPhyllodes tumours (PTs) categorised as benign, borderline and malignant, account for 1% of all breast tumours. Histological assessment does not always predict tumour behaviour, hindering determination of the clinical course and management.Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process during embryogenesis. Dysregulation of EMT causes loss of cell polarity, decreased intercellular adhesion, increased motility and invasiveness, promoting tumour progression. Similarly, cancer stem cells (CSCs) promote tumour growth, resistance and recurrence. The aim of this study is to evaluate expression of CSC markers; enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), CD24 and CD44 and EMT associated proteins; ezrin (EZR) and high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) in PTs.MethodUing tissue microarray sections, immunohistochemistry was performed on 360 PTs. Epithelial and stromal expressions of EZH2, EZR, HMGA2, CD24 and CD44 were evaluated to assess their impact on disease progression and behaviour in correlation with clinicopathological parameters.ResultsStromal expression of EZH2, EZR and HMGA2 was observed in 73 (20.3%), 53 (14.7%) and 28 (7.8%) of tumours, epithelial expression in 121 (35.9%), 3 (0.8%) and 351 (97.5%) tumours, respectively. CD24 and CD44 staining was absent in both components.ConclusionExpression of biomarkers correlated significantly with aggressive tumour traits such as stromal hypercellularity, atypia, mitoses and permeative tumour borders.Stromal expression of EZH2 and EZR shortened disease-free survival and overall survival; HMGA2 expression did not alter patient survival. EZH2 and EZR may thus be useful in predicting PT behaviour.
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Eskov, Alen K., Violetta A. Viktorova, Evgeny Abakumov, and Gerhard Zotz. "Cellular Growth in Aerial Roots Differs From That in Typical Substrate Roots." Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (May 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.894647.
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Background and AimsIn the roots of most vascular plants, the growth zone is small, the meristem and the elongation zone are sharply separated, and only meristematic cells divide. This statement is based almost entirely on studies with soil-rooted plants. Whether aerial roots of structurally dependent (=epiphytic/hemiepiphytic) species differ is virtually unexplored.MethodsGrowth of aerial roots in 20 structurally dependent plant species from eight families was studied ex situ. In 12 species, we studied the anatomical structure and distribution of cortex cell lengths and rhizoderm in the growth zone.Key ResultsAll the studied aerial roots had an open apical meristem, and mitoses were not restricted to the meristem. In contrast to belowground roots, relative growth rate did not strongly increase upon transition to the elongation zone, while elongating growth was often prolonged. Still, the relative growth rate was lower than in belowground roots in soil, and in different species, it did not change considerably compared to each other.ConclusionsA distinct elongation zone with rapid cell growth was missing in the studied aerial roots. Rather, there was a growth zone in which division, growth, and differentiation co-occurred. We observed a generally low relative growth rate in aerial roots and a surprisingly similar initial growth pattern in spite of the diversity in taxonomy and ecology, which resembled initial cellular growth in leaves, stems, and fleshy dicotyledonous fruit.
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Takayama, Eriko, Toshihiro Takai, Masakazu Fujimoto, and Akiko Yoshioka. "Bowen disease with sebaceous differentiation arising from clonal seborrheic keratosis." Journal of Dermatology, March 5, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.17180.
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AbstractWe present a rare case of clonal seborrheic keratosis (SK) with focal Bowen disease (BD) (squamous cell carcinoma in situ) accompanied by sebaceous differentiation. An 89‐year‐old woman presented with a pale reddish‐brown plaque on the left buttock. Histopathological examination of the excisional specimen revealed hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and intraepidermal epithelioma. In some areas of the tumor, we observed proliferation of basaloid keratinocytes within the intraepidermal nests and pseudohorn cysts. This area was diagnosed as clonal SK. However, in other areas, the tumor cells within the intraepidermal nests showed nuclear pleomorphism, abnormal mitoses, dyskeratotic cells, and clumping cells, consistent with BD with a nested/clonal pattern (clonal BD). The SK and BD areas were contiguous with the transitional zone. Some nests within the BD area contained vacuolated cells with bubbly cytoplasm and scalloped nuclei, suggestive of sebaceous differentiation. Therefore, we made the diagnosis of clonal BD with sebaceous differentiation arising from clonal SK. All areas contained intraepidermal nests, which revealed that the lesions were not the result of accidental collision, but that the neoplastic cells in the intraepidermal nests of the SK transformed into BD and underwent sebaceous differentiation.
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Halsall, John A., Simon Andrews, Felix Krueger, Charlotte E. Rutledge, Gabriella Ficz, Wolf Reik, and Bryan M. Turner. "Histone modifications form a cell-type-specific chromosomal bar code that persists through the cell cycle." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (February 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82539-z.
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AbstractChromatin configuration influences gene expression in eukaryotes at multiple levels, from individual nucleosomes to chromatin domains several Mb long. Post-translational modifications (PTM) of core histones seem to be involved in chromatin structural transitions, but how remains unclear. To explore this, we used ChIP-seq and two cell types, HeLa and lymphoblastoid (LCL), to define how changes in chromatin packaging through the cell cycle influence the distributions of three transcription-associated histone modifications, H3K9ac, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. We show that chromosome regions (bands) of 10–50 Mb, detectable by immunofluorescence microscopy of metaphase (M) chromosomes, are also present in G1 and G2. They comprise 1–5 Mb sub-bands that differ between HeLa and LCL but remain consistent through the cell cycle. The same sub-bands are defined by H3K9ac and H3K4me3, while H3K27me3 spreads more widely. We found little change between cell cycle phases, whether compared by 5 Kb rolling windows or when analysis was restricted to functional elements such as transcription start sites and topologically associating domains. Only a small number of genes showed cell-cycle related changes: at genes encoding proteins involved in mitosis, H3K9 became highly acetylated in G2M, possibly because of ongoing transcription. In conclusion, modified histone isoforms H3K9ac, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 exhibit a characteristic genomic distribution at resolutions of 1 Mb and below that differs between HeLa and lymphoblastoid cells but remains remarkably consistent through the cell cycle. We suggest that this cell-type-specific chromosomal bar-code is part of a homeostatic mechanism by which cells retain their characteristic gene expression patterns, and hence their identity, through multiple mitoses.
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Wiggins, M. D., M. C. Nelson, and C. R. Atta. "Crystallization Kinetics of Rutile Formation from Amorphous Titania Films." MRS Proceedings 398 (1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-398-381.
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ABSTRACTTitania films with two types of phase composition were sputter deposited on fused silica substrates: Type (I) amorphous+anatase+rutile and Type (II) amorphous+rutile. These films were subjected to various annealing procedures in air. We studied three relevant transitions: 1) amorphous→crystalline (anatase and rutile) at temperature <800 °C, 2) amorphous→mitile at an temperatures, and 3) anatase→rutile in the 750–800 °C temperature range.X-ray diffraction was used for phase identification and crystallographic orientation. The films had a preferred orientation, with (101) anatase and/or (110) rutile planes parallel to the substrate. The activation energy for the amorphous-to-rutile transformation was 0.3 eV. The anatase-to-rutile transformation occurring at 750 °C was modelled using the Avrami relation, which yielded an exponent of unity.From the results of this study, we propose a model for titania crystallization in which site saturation of rutile and/or anatase nuclei already exists in the as-deposited film. Further crystallization upon annealing occurs by one dimensional growth of these nuclei into the amorphous material. If no anatase seeds exist in the as-deposited material, then no anatase will form upon annealing, indicating again that no new nuclei are formed during annealing. In this manner, highly oriented rutile titania films can be produced at temperature below the bulk anatase-to-rutile transformation temperature (750 °C).
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Liu, Xu, Jiao Liu, Ting Nai, Yuxia Yang, and Yuchang Hu. "Primary ectopic meningioma in the thoracic cavity: A rare case report and review of the literature." Frontiers in Oncology 13 (April 11, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1149627.
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BackgroundMeningioma is a common type of intracranial tumor in adults. It rarely arises in the chest, with only a few case reports in the English literature. Here, we report the case of a patient with a primary ectopic meningioma (PEM) located in the thoracic cavity.Case presentationA 55-year-old woman presented with exercise-induced asthma, chest tightness, intermittent dry cough and fatigue for several months. Computed tomography revealed the presence of a huge mass in the thoracic cavity, with no connection to the spinal canal. Lung cancer and mesothelioma were suspected, and surgery was performed. Grossly, the mass was a grayish-white solid 9.5 cm × 8.4 cm × 5.3 cm in size. The microscopic morphology of the lesion was consistent with that of typical central nervous system meningioma. The pathological subtype was transitional meningioma. The tumor cells were arranged in a fascicular, whorled, storiform and meningithelial pattern, with occasional intranuclear pseudo-inclusions and psammoma bodies. In focal areas tumor cells were considerably dense, and the cells were round or irregular in shape, with less cytoplasm, uniform nuclear chromatin, and visible nucleoli and mitoses (2/10 HPF). By immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells showed strong and diffuse staining with vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen and SSTR2 with variable expression of PR, ALK and S100 protein. However, the cells were negative for GFAP, SOX-10, inhibin, CD34, STAT6, smooth muscle actin, desmin, CKpan, D2-40, WT-1, CK5/6 and CD45. The highest proliferation index by Ki-67 was 15%. The abnormal expression of ALK led to the initial misdiagnosis of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. After 12 months of follow-up, no disease progression was observed.ConclusionThe presence of primary ectopic meningiomas in the thoracic cavity is extremely rare, and this tumor is easily misdiagnosed clinically. Imaging is suggested to determine the location and possible differential diagnosis, while the final diagnosis should be via pathological examination. Immunohistochemistry is crucial for disease diagnosis. Owing to our limited knowledge of PEM, its pathogenesis and tissue of origin remain unclear. Clinicians should pay close attention to such potential patients. The present case report may provide insights into the diagnosis and therapy of patients with this tumor.
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Al-Thuwaini, Mahdi M., Sabah H. Enayah, Mohammed Abdul Azeez Ali Alwzy, and Alyaa Abed_Al Husieen Hafeh. "Assessment the Incidence of Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) of the Bladder Cancer." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance 10, no. 02 (June 24, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.10.2.24.
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Background: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract and the third most common cause of death among people with genitourinary tumors, besides, tumors of the bladder are an important source of both morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The purpose of the study are 1. formulate an idea about the number of patients with bladder cancer (TCCs) in sample of Iraqi population. 2. Study the histopathological features of TCCs of bladder 3. Assessment the prevalence of (TCC) of bladder in both sex (male and female) with smoking as risk factor. Patients and Methods: A study was conducted at one institution were identified that teaching-hospital of Baghdad. All patients included in the present study diagnostic with TCC of bladder. The total of subjects participated in the study were 42 patients and 20 subjects as control through six months’ period from July 2014 to January 2015. Results: The mean of participates age was 655.7 years and the youngest was 21years and the oldest was 75 years. Out of 42 patients, the most common age group was 54-64years (52.38%) with Male to female ratio was 5.2:1.32 were male 32 and 10 were females. However, the prevalence bladder cancer (TCCs) was higher in male than in female, with more pronounced decreases in younger age (≤31year) 3(7.14), have been found. In addition, age specific rate was observed higher in the older age groups for most patients with cancer. The population attributable risk for ever smoking in our study was 33(78.57) out of 42 patients. Moreover, current study shows there was a correlation between grade and stage of bladder TCC, 24(57.14%) bladder TCCs that classified as grade I, while 2(4.76%) of bladder TCC were classified as grade II. Conversely, of the bladder TCC lesions (11.9%, 14.28%, 57.14 and 4.76) were stage (pTa-T1-T2-T3) respectively. Although this study showed 5(11.9) little-known stage and grade. The area of histopathological changes included were showed hyperplastic changes, involving the entire bladder lining, that ranged from flat hyperplasia to small areas of nodular and papillary hyperplasia. The smallest recognizable nodular and papillary lesions were associated with angiogenesis in the contiguous stroma. In addition, there were chromatin irregularities and nucleoli of variable numbers, shape and size. Nuclear chromatin irregularity and mitoses were easily identified, these cells continued to have the appearance of hyperplastic epithelium. The changes noted by generalized and orderly proliferative reaction and appeared reparative. Conclusions: Our study has revealed that the bladder TCC, where appeared the high prevalence and incidence rate of TCC of bladder in sample of Iraqi population were of concern, especially for older age groups.
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Sands, Mollie, Jian Zhang, Marilyn Tan, and Andrew R. Hoffman. "SUN-200 Adrenal Cortical Neoplasm with Progression to Metastatic Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma One Year After Adrenalectomy." Journal of the Endocrine Society 4, Supplement_1 (April 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.057.
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Abstract Background: Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy; diagnostic tools for a pathologic confirmation of ACC are currently limited to scoring systems such as the modified Weiss criteria, the Helsinki score, and criteria proposed by Bisceglia et al. There is lack of consensus on appropriate monitoring and therapeutic strategies for suspicious lesions that do not fulfill all criteria for malignancy or metastatic potential. This is a case of a previously resected localized adrenal neoplasm with progression to metastatic ACC 1 year later. Clinical Case: A 63-year-old male with hypertension and type 2 diabetes was referred to Endocrinology due to fragility fractures, weight gain, and uncontrolled hypertension concerning for cortisol excess. Workup revealed a 24-hour urinary free cortisol of 283 μg [0–50 μg/24hr], a post-1 mg dexamethasone suppression cortisol of 24.6 μg/dL [<1.8 μg/dL], and a random ACTH of <1.1 pg/mL. CT adrenals revealed a left 3.3 cm nodule measuring 40 Hounsefield units and 27% washout. The patient underwent left adrenalectomy with clear margins. Pathology reported an oncocytic adrenal cortical neoplasm with a Ki-67 of 4.3%, an elevated mitotic activity of up to 12 mitoses per 50 high-power fields, and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli. There was no evidence of necrosis, capsular or vascular invasion. The final pathologic diagnosis was “adrenal cortical neoplasm with worrisome features”, and close follow-up was recommended. 1 year later, the patient presented with recurrent Cushing’s syndrome; he was found to have metastatic ACC with lesions in the adrenalectomy bed, liver, and lungs. Despite maximal medical therapy, the patient suffered severe sequelae of Cushing’s and transitioned to palliative measures. Clinical Lessons: There are several pathologic scoring systems used to diagnose and predict prognosis in ACC. The challenge of this case is balancing fulfilling the highly-sensitive Bisceglia criteria for ACC [1 “major criterion” of high mitotic rate favors oncocytic ACC] with the other aspects that suggest a more positive outcome: clear surgical margins and a Helsinki score of 7.3 [≥8.5 favors metastatic potential]. His diagnosis fell into an intermediate area of “neoplasm with worrisome features”, and he did not receive adjunctive mitotane therapy. Current guidelines do not recommend adjuvant mitotane therapy for indeterminate lesions or for cases of confirmed ACC with Ki-67 <10% after complete resection, and there is limited guidance regarding monitoring of such lesions. Retrospectively, it is unclear if our patient would have had an improved outcome with adjunctive mitotane therapy or closer surveillance for recurrence. Bisceglia M, Ludovico O, Di Mattia A, Ben-Dor D, Sandback J, Pasquinelli G, Lau SK, Weiss LM. Adrenocortical Oncocytic Tumors: Report of 10 Cases and Review of the Literature. Int J Surg Pathol. 2004 Jul; 12(3)231–43