Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Transit-oriented developments'
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Muley, Deepti Sadashiv. "Evaluating the transport impacts of transit oriented developments (TODS)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46682/1/Deepti_Muley_Thesis.pdf.
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Sustainable transport has become a necessity instead of an option, to address the problems of congestion and urban sprawl, whose effects include increased trip lengths and travel time. A more sustainable form of development, known as Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is presumed to offer sustainable travel choices with reduced need to travel to access daily destinations, by providing a mixture of land uses together with good quality of public transport service, infrastructure for walking and cycling. However, performance assessment of these developments with respect to travel characteristics of their inhabitants is required. This research proposes a five step methodology for evaluating the transport impacts of TODs. The steps for TOD evaluation include pre–TOD assessment, traffic and travel data collection, determination of traffic impacts, determination of travel impacts, and drawing outcomes. Typically, TODs are comprised of various land uses; hence have various types of users. Assessment of characteristics of all user groups is essential for obtaining an accurate picture of transport impacts. A case study TOD, Kelvin Grove Urban Village (KGUV), located 2km of north west of the Brisbane central business district in Australia was selected for implementing the proposed methodology and to evaluate the transport impacts of a TOD from an Australian perspective. The outcomes of this analysis indicated that KGUV generated 27 to 48 percent less traffic compared to standard published rates specified for homogeneous uses. Further, all user groups of KGUV used more sustainable modes of transport compared to regional and similarly located suburban users, with higher trip length for shopping and education trips. Although the results from this case study development support the transport claims of reduced traffic generation and sustainable travel choices by way of TODs, further investigation is required, considering different styles, scales and locations of TODs. The proposed methodology may be further refined by using results from new TODs and a framework for TOD evaluation may be developed.
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Benedick, Savanah. "An evaluation of affordable housing needs in transit-oriented developments : The Citycenter Englewood TOD in Denver, Colorado." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/3952.
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Chan, Tak-hin Eric. "A comparative analysis of railway patronage in two metropolitian [i.e. metropolitan] cities Hong Kong and New York City /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43703999.
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Lambert, Kaleah De'Nay. "Transit oriented development and its effect on property values an Atlanta case study /." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31703.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Mike Meyer; Committee Member: Adjo Amekudzi; Committee Member: Laurie Garrow. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Sainz, Caccia Carlos A. (Carlos Alberto). "Matching transit and open public spaces : open space oriented transit for successful transit oriented development in Guadalajara." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111458.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-98).
The way we perceive the urban environment affects the choices we make and therefore our behavior. This fact has an important effect when we navigate a city. How urban spaces are laid out will influence our decisions and have repercussions in our travel choices. There is therefore a connection between urban spatial experience and transportation systems. With a large number of cities considering transit oriented development (TOD) - an urban model whose goal is to align urban development to public transportation patterns by creating walkable, mixed and diverse neighborhoods - as the primary planning solution to solve their accessibility problems, the connection between the urban image and the transit system is crucial. If planners want to bring people closer to transit systems and increase ridership, they will need to improve the perception people have about the system and further construct a modified set of travel preferences. Both urban space and the process of navigation are, in general, composed linear features related to movement (paths) and point features that define origins and destinations (nodes). Within the different types of nodal elements, open spaces have a particular condition; their openness allow people to perceive a larger portion of their surroundings, easing the process of wayfinding and enhancing the sense of place, which is highly valuable for the construction of true communities. This thesis explores the role of open spaces, not only as attractive urban amenities and recreational spaces, but as organizing elements of the territory and anchors for the transit system arrival points. I explore Guadalajara, Mexico, a city with an important central network of open spaces. The city is currently making a significant investment in transit and is looking towards TOD for its planning solutions. I intend to use Guadalajara as a mean to show how open public spaces can be used as primary elements to structure transit systems and to enhance the creation of place around stations.
by Carlos A. Sainz Caccia.
M.C.P.
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Moral, Sara M. Del. "Transit-oriented development in Renton, Washington." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2009. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/del%20Moral_SMESThesis2009.pdf.
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Kravitz, Alicia J. "Transit Oriented Design: A Reinterpretation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1242274544.
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Suen, Siu-kiu Pauline. "Improve the urban environment of a new town in principles of transit-oriented development and placemaking Ma On Shan /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687314.
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Lion, Satish McKay 1978. "Transit oriented development strategy : Guangzhou case study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8017.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-104).
Mega-cities are the centers of population, economy, culture and political power. Yet, along with these characteristics, they are also the greatest source of energy consumption, resource depletion, and pollution. In order for developing countries to take a more sustainable development path, they must address their growing demand for energy and strive to find solutions to reduce their demand and increase their efficiency. Mega-cities stand out as natural targets for such solutions given their extreme population and waste generation. Specifically, urban sprawl is a major source of energy inefficiency. Not only does it lead to more vehicle miles travels, more fuel consumption, more air pollution, but also to inefficiencies in infrastructure provision. De-densification of residential and commercial districts causes an increase in both energy services and materials. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is an effective method of fighting the negative impacts of urban sprawl, by reshaping the travel and land-use patterns into a more sustainable form. To achieve the full potential of a TOD it is critical to have long-term strategic planning, and cross-jurisdictional, complementary, and comprehensive policies and institutions. To effectively reduce energy consumption through TOD the policies must span multiple jurisdictions and cover the areas of transportation, urban planning, and land-use. These policies must be aimed at reducing vehicle miles traveled while blustering transit ridership.
by Satish McKay Lion.
S.M.
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Pennick, Christopher. "Evidence Based Principles for Transit Oriented Development." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/316730.
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Sustainable Built Environments Senior CapstoneThis paper discusses the theory of transit oriented development and attempts to create an effectually structured set of best practices through the study and modification of the documentation that currently exist. To identify the core elements or “principles” that go into constructing a transit oriented development plan. To do this a [deconstructive] qualitative survey of more than 30 projects or municipal planning documents that self-identified as transit oriented was conducted. The result was six goals that were deemed essential to the creation of “good” transit oriented development. The six goals were then combined with empirical research from academic and practicing professionals in the field to form recommendations for new best practices.
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Covelli, Cristina. "Transit Oriented Development assessment of Handen Pendeltåg Station." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254583.
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Transit Oriented Development theoretical and practical framework represents an important tool for municipalities, private actors and citizens to enhance quality of life in urban contexts. Planning cities that encourage sustainable mobility patterns can contribute to aim at diversifying land use and making cities more accessible, safer and attractive for people. Handen has developed as a car-dependant area that is planned to growth its population and build more than 9000 new housing units by 2030 (Haninge Kommun, 2016). The TOD standard 3.0 was applied in the area around Handen pendeltåg station, to practically assess the TODness level of the area and provide recommendations to take into a consideration for future and current developments. Using the TOD standard in Handen can contribute to aim at a more sustainable growth pattern for both current and expected new citizens on the area. After implementing the evaluation system, it was found out that the best ranked variables were Compactness and Cycling. In contrast the variables that received the lowest scores were Walk, Densify, Connect, and Shift. Overall, Handen scored a Bronze level of TODness. Therefore, there are several actions that could be implemented on the study area in order to improve the TODness level. Specifically, Handen needs to diversify its land use, enhance the pedestrian network, encourage land mix use, decrease the space destined to cars and increase pedestrian connectivity, among others.
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Leung, Pui-ching Hilda. "Planning for urban sustainability : promoting integrated transit-oriented development /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35081211.
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YILDIRIM, SAADET. "EVALUATING TWO POTENTIAL BUS RAPID TRANSIT STATION AREAS FOR TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100273924.
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Bannon, Katherine J. "The brownfield-transit connection opportunities for synthesis of best practices in Indianapolis /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/636.
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Du, Verle Frederic Daniel. "Geographical variability of transit-oriented development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197525.
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Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is a management strategy that offers sustainable answers to urban development at different levels and reduces the heavy automobile dependence. In dealing with transport-related issues, TOD encourages the use of transit for better sustainability. The number of railway patronage is the best index used to measure the success of TOD. However, TOD may also generate many short local car trips within the neighbourhood. The main research objective of the thesis is to investigate the factors that influence the three major transit modes of transportation within the neighbourhood. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to guide development policies that create more sustainable transport.
Although many studies have looked at TOD residents’ travel behaviour at a regional or city level, most of them were based on North American cities. TOD neighbourhoods are assumed to have similar impacts on travel behaviour as they are generalized. Local trips within the TOD are less understood.
A neighbourhood level analysis is used to explore residents’ travel behaviours in 60 neighbourhoods of Hong Kong delimited by a five-hundred-meters buffer area around each MTR station. An in-depth statistical analysis of the transit shares of 60 TOD and non-TOD neighbourhoods is made. This research design highlights the influence of TOD neighbourhoods in the use of transit for trips in different local communities, but most importantly it also identifies variability within the TOD neighbourhoods. Built environment’s variables, which may influence the modes of transportation, are selected. Principal component analysis is used to reduce the number of variables to 5 latent factors. Those factors are identified as specific characteristics of the built environment. In order to understand the relationship between the extracted factors and the use of transit modes, regressions are conducted. The results confirm that a dense economic urban area and the station integration to other transportation networks could explain residents’ travel behaviour for metro by 32%. It also shows that those two factors together with a mostly residential area with large families also explained 47% of the residents’ travel behaviour for walking. Variability of the bus' modal shares is not explained by any factor of the built environment used in the regression model. Buses have been identified as being more important in non-TOD neighbourhoods and a less sustainable mode of transportation than walking and metro.
This study provides important guidelines for TOD development to further promote walking and the use of metro. The variability of TOD neighbourhoods in Hong Kong and, ultimately, its influence on people’s choice of sustainable transportation mode is demonstrated. This study brings a better understanding of TOD in the Asian context and how to increase its sustainable aspect through transportation. The findings of this study can be used by policy makers.published_or_final_version
Geography
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Leung, Pui-ching Hilda, and 梁佩貞. "Planning for urban sustainability: promoting integrated transit-oriented development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014140.
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Hammer, Alison (Alison Elisheva). "Simply dense : a new paradigm for transit oriented development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35509.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-86).
Rising gas prices. Shifting population demographics. Residential inequity. A highly mobile, over-stimulated populace that is always on the go. Contemporary society is replete with forces pushing simultaneously away from the established suburban condition and towards density and development around transit. However the American allergy to city living, with its congestion, stigma and inefficiencies born through history, still perpetuates. This thesis posits that there is both a need and an inherent potential for the emergence of a new development typology: a suburban super-core, grafted onto existing multi-modal infrastructure intersections. Typically these sites have lain fallow following the invasion of the rail lines and multi-lane highways that fragmented the space and rendered the parcels too unattractive for development. The project of this thesis is to define what sort of space/place might start to locate itself in these zones. The first stage of the process determines the maximum floor area ratio (FAR) that could be inserted in the interest of achieving an extremely high density project.
(cont.) This is studied through a systematic analysis of case studies. The second step involves the defining the identity of these places, their organizing element: transfer. These two preparatory phases give rise to a series of rules shaping the development of these places and, in turn, to a series of parti diagrams that can be laid one over another and assembled into a development that is 'simply dense'. This methodology is then tested on the site of Secaucus Junction, New Jersey, where the confluence of infrastuctures makes an ideal site for the project of the thesis.
by Alison Hammer.
M.Arch.
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Magliozzi, Alex (Alex T. ). "The transit oriented basis boost : adapting the LIHTC to finance affordable housing near transit." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68195.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-72).
The Low-Income Housing Tax Credit is arguably the most successful and important program in American history for the creation of affordable housing. The program leverages private investment in affordable housing, through tradable tax credits, to produce quality affordable housing throughout the country. By providing additional money for projects in areas with especially low incomes and high development costs, the program has actively encouraged the creation of affordable housing in certain cities, towns and neighborhoods. At the federal level, the program has not, however, encouraged the development of housing near transit. Since 2008, when states were given the option to provide additional money for certain projects, five states began programs to provide additional money to projects near transit. This thesis examines the possibility of providing additional money to projects near transit at the federal level, in the form of a transit -- oriented basis boost. It starts with a brief introduction to the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, followed by a discussion of the importance of housing near transit. It then examines what various states are doing to encourage affordable housing near transit, followed by a proposal for a federal basis boost program. The thesis culminates in a case study, showing how providing additional money to projects near transit might affect the economics of developing affordable housing near transit.
by Alex Magliozzi.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
M.C.P.
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羅偉文 and Wai-man Raymond Lo. "Rail-transit-oriented development in Hong Kong: the case study of the Mass Transit Railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894999.
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Lo, Wai-man Raymond. "Rail-transit-oriented development in Hong Kong : the case study of the Mass Transit Railway /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25248200.
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Fang, Kevin M. "Accessibility of Bay Area Rail Transit Stations: An Evaluation of Opportunities for Transit Oriented Development." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/221.
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Many groups have been pushing for a shift from automotive oriented transportation and land use, to transit-oriented transportation and land use. These groups have many valid reasons. However, just as it is fair to point out issues about auto travel, so too is it fair to see how transit performs at meeting certain goals. This paper examines the important characteristic of accessibility afforded to travelers. This is quantified through the calculation of accessibility indexes for stations, for the specific case of two existing rail systems and four proposed rail extensions in the San Francisco Bay Area.
As a whole, the four extensions investigated increase regionwide rail accessibility by 18.5 percent, not an insignificant increase. However, the new stations are on average less accessible than their existing counterparts. Two of the four extensions perform well on accessibility measures, either their stations have high accessibility, or jobs around them contribute to high accessibility for nearby stations. The other two extensions however perform poorly on accessibility measures. In a time of limited resources, the accessibility results clearly indicate how the four extensions should be prioritized. The more successful extensions have good access to activity centers. Extensions having good connectivity with other lines can also enhance accessibility if providing significant travel time savings.
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Alsaiari, Hamad Nasser. "Residential Preference at Transit-oriented Development: A Visual Choice Experiment." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86176.
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Insufficient knowledge of residential preferences represents a major obstacle to achieving residential satisfaction and quality of life. This obstacle is even greater in the case of transit-oriented developments (TODs), as their success depends, in part, on the degree to which people's preferences are consistent with their residential environments. This study employed a visual choice experiment, which combines the benefits of visual preference surveys and discrete choice experiments, to elicit residential preference for TODs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, before the opening of its citywide public transportation system. Using a seemingly homogeneous sample of participants, the analysis incorporated three analytical methods to elicit residential preference: a multinomial logit model, a mixed logit model, and a latent class model. The results indicated the presence of preference heterogeneity and the emergence of four lifestyle classes that could explain and predict residential preference patterns. People with similar sociodemographic characteristics may have different lifestyles based on their choice behavior, marital status, and public transit attitudes. Additionally, the results showed a strong preference for low-density housing, even among those who favor living in a TOD; however, increasing density could be mitigated through the presence of other TOD attributes. The findings of this research point to the diversity of residential preferences and suggest that providing a variety of residential environments increases the likelihood that people will find their preferred environment. Additionally, planning efforts to convert all developments near transit, particularly in suburban locations, to TODs might be unsuitable in cities where public transportation has been introduced only recently. Instead, deferring TOD conversion efforts until public transportation and its use are mature may attract people to live near transit and encourage the gradual development of transit affinity in residents who may otherwise reject TOD living completely. Lastly, the successful application of a visual choice experiment in this research opens up a variety of potential analytical methods that are used commonly in other fields and have the potential to move visual preference research into the realm of robust empirical investigation.Ph. D.
The work of urban planners, urban designers, architects, and policy makers centers on improving the built environment and increasing the quality of people’s lives. However, their work entails making decisions that are not always in tandem with people’s preferences (e.g., increasing housing density, proposing a mix of land uses in residential neighborhoods, introducing public transportation close to where people live and work, to name a few). Due to the uncertainty surrounding people’s acceptance of modifications of the built environment, especially when it entails introducing residential attributes for the first time, this dissertation focused on 1) assessing residential preference near public transportation nodes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia before operation of the public transportation system, and 2) assessing the extent to which advanced analytical methods are capable of providing a better understanding of residential preference differences among a seemingly homogenous sample of participants. The work in this dissertation was motivated by the increasing use of manipulated images in choice tasks, where participants are presented with multiple images, each depicting a residential scenario, as bundles to choose from, and their choice patterns then recorded and analyzed. The results showed that among the relatively homogenous sample of participants that was recruited, four significant residential preference patterns have emerged, which could be used to describe and predict residential preference and choice with great accuracy. This dissertation laid out several policy implications that could be useful in providing a built environment that matches with what people want. It also provided research implications and suggestions on the use of visual choice experiments for urban planners and designers that are well-developed in other fields of inquiry.
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Garland, Seth David. "Urbanizing the suburbs a transit-oriented development for Reston, Virginia /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3637.
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Thesis (M. Arch). -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Architecture . Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Lundergan, Ryan W. "Parking regulation strategies and policies to support transit-oriented development." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/365/.
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Randall, Bradley S. "The Effect of Transit-Oriented Development Siteson Residential Home Pricing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6304.
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For a number of years residential and commercial development has grown surrounding railways stations in many cities across the United States. One of the trends that has occurred in a number of cities relates to positive property value correlations between real estate values near transit stations and transit-oriented development (TOD) sites as compared to their counterparts not located near a railway station or freeway access. Many cities have noted that homeowners are willing to pay more to be near a TOD site and being near a site can represent a statistically significant factor in determining where to purchase a property. In suburban markets with newer developments, the data was not as readily available. While the suburban area along the main population corridor of Northern Utah called The Wasatch Front has seen a lot of growth in TOD development, there really was not sufficient data on residential pricing to see if the same types of trends that held true in other areas of the United States held true along the Wasatch Front. This research analyzed multiple cities in multiple counties along the Wasatch Front that all featured development surrounding a TOD site. The purpose of the research was to determine how the price per square foot during a period of study in 2016 was higher for properties located near TOD sites compared to properties nearby freeway entrances or isolated from both. Three types of properties were analyzed in the study: Single-family homes, townhouses and condominiums. Another purpose of this study was to determine which factors were the most statistically significant in the purchases made by homebuyers during the period of study. Multiple statistical models were tested in order to determine the most significant variables in the study and just over eight hundred properties were tested. The research indicated in developing rapid transit cities like Salt Lake City and suburban areas, the value of car-free living and resident-dense cities is still emerging. Statistical results indicated certain factors and trends that can be helpful not only for local planners and developers but also to further the body of research on the development of these transit-oriented development sites in suburban areas around the United States.
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Deng, Taotao. "The impact of bus rapid transit on land development." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158804.
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Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has adopted characteristics of rail systems to deliver a highquality transport service in a cost-effective way. Many cities across the globe have recently adopted BRT schemes as a promising strategy for relieving traffic problems. However, as a relatively new form of Mass Transit, the ability of BRT to provide a high quality transport service and its potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. Following a review of international literature on the current issues relating to the land development impact of BRT, the thesis provides empirical-based evidence that examines the performance and effects of ITS-led BRT in Beijing, China. The study makes use of qualitative (interviews with stakeholders) and quantitative analysis (the questionnaire survey of passengers and longitudinal analysis of property price data) to investigate the impact of Beijing Southern BRT Line 1 on public transport service quality and land development along its corridor. The study clearly illustrates that the BRT system is an innovative approach of providing a high-quality transport service, comparable to a rail service but at a relatively low cost and short implementation time. The research suggests that a high-quality BRT system can offer accessibility advantage (specifically travel time savings) to adjacent properties and increase their attractiveness. The statistical analysis suggests improved accessibility conferred by BRT is capitalized into higher real-estate prices. The capitalization effect mostly occurs after the full operation of BRT, and is more evident over time and particularly observed in a place which lacks the alternative mobility opportunity offered by a Mass Transit system.
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Hendrigan, Cole. "Ambleside: better living by the water." Vancouver : University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/68.
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The Ambleside waterfront, District of West Vancouver, has the potential to act as the
armature for a water-borne transit link from this established neighbourhood to the
Central Business District (C.B.D.) of Vancouver. By in-filling the under-used spaces and redeveloping several existing sites, the optimum employment of this historically ferry serviced waterfront may once again come to the fore. As every transit trip begins with a pedestrian event, a key component of this project is re-establishing and enhancing the pedestrian connections through the commercial/ residential centre and along the linear shore park.
Using, and studying how, the principles of Transit Oriented Development (T.O.D.) fit in
the Ambleside context is also central to this project. In the design careful attention will
be made to the comfort and safety of the pedestrian realm by resolving conflicts between a transportation system and the retaining of the special character of Ambleside. The transit facilities will be appropriate to the site and sufficient in scale to accommodate the passenger loads. Care will be also be made towards the enhancement of the site’s ecological functioning. This project is about the planning and design for more livable
and complete communities.
The results of policy review and site analysis will be elaborated through design. It is hoped that the finding will be applicable to similar transit nodes and waterfronts.
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Maier, George. "Forecasting ridership impacts of transit oriented development at MARTA rail stations." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54477.
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The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) Transit Oriented Development (TOD) program has been expanding the number of stations being considered for development of surface parking lots and into the air rights over certain rail stations. As of 2015, MARTA has six rail stations in various stages of TOD development, which will increase multi-modal options for metro Atlanta residents. The overarching goal of TOD development is to increase transit ridership and reduce auto-dependency; hence quantifying the potential benefits of TOD development in terms of ridership is paramount. Despite several drawbacks, travel demand models have historically been utilized to forecast ridership for land use changes and transit improvements. Direct ridership models (DRMs) are transit demand forecasting methods that can be applied to land development in cases where traditional travel demand models (TDMs) are not well suited. DRMs leverage geographic tools commonly used by planners to take advantage of small scale pedestrian environment factors immediately surrounding transit stations. Although DRM data and methods can achieve greater precision in predicting local walk-access transit trips, the lack of regional and large-scale datasets reduces the ability to model ridership generated from riders outside the immediate vicinity of the rail stations. Stations that have high multi-modal access trips, particularly via personal vehicle and connecting buses, are not typically accounted for by DRMs. Hence, this study focuses on pedestrian-based rail boardings only, a metric that also allows the use of a large scale onboard survey distributed by the Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC) in late 2009 and early 2010 in Atlanta, Georgia. Analysis of the large scale on-board ridership survey also reveals variables that may be useful in forecasting ridership at the station level when coupled with available census data. Comparison of variables such as income, age, gender, ethnicity, and race from census data with the large scale survey guided the selection of candidate variables to be included in a DRM for MARTA rail stations. Results from the comparison showed that using census data in DRMs does not always accurately reflect the ridership demographics. Notable differences in pedestrian-based ridership and transit catchments appear to occur in populations making less than $40,000, African American populations, and the young and elderly populations. Large differences in the survey and census data reported around the stations raise questions about the usability of census data in predicting ridership at rail stations. Despite the shortcomings of using census data to directly predict walk access transit ridership, an ordinary least squared (OLS) regression model predicts a high proportion of variance of pedestrian-based ridership in Atlanta, Georgia. A small number of variables were incorporated into a DRM to show the strong relationship of employment density with pedestrian based ridership. The number of low income residents was also influential in increasing ridership via walk access.
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Schneider, Rick Harlan. "Vibrant City: Mixed-Use and Transit-Oriented Development at Virginia Square." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33745.
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This development plan for the Virginia Square Metro is located near Washington DC in Arlington County, Virginia. The proposal includes â open planâ mid-rise residential, high-rise mixed-use, an identifiable transit station and linked green space with small scale agricultural potential. Mid-rise dwelling units provide the density to support local business along shop-lined streets. Pedestrian ways and bike trails offer additional transportation routes while mass transit cuts down on automobile usage. The scheme combines sustainable design, innovative construction techniques and transit-oriented development principles to provide the infrastructure and act as a catalyst for healthy future growth along the Rosslyn-Ballston development corridor.Master of Architecture
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Love, Nelson Alexander. "Transit Oriented Development in America: A Suitability Study for Cincinnati, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275070958.
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Birck, Nicholas Darragh. "Reclaiming Existing, Underutilized Infrastructure: Aquatic Options For Transit-Oriented Infill Development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275919387.
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Emenhiser, Nicholas Ian. "Best Practices in Public-Private Partnership Strategies for Transit-Oriented Development." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462966898.
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Morgan, Amy. "Re-thinking American Suburbs: Addressing Suburban Sprawl through Transit-oriented Development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554373519100385.
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Baylis, Michael Leighton. "Transit-oriented development: a case study of Rosebank, City of Johannesburg." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25164.
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The use of the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept is commonplace in many South African municipal spatial development frameworks aimed at guiding future urban development towards more compact and efficient forms. The indication is that the achievement of planned TOD (i.e. where there is an approved spatial development framework), an area of high density, mixed land use served by car-competitive public transport services, is often hampered by the absence of aligned policies and other factors that would help achieve success. This research looks into these policies and success factors, and more specifically considers whether parking provision and management in such areas is a critical component in achieving or discouraging modal change from private car usage to public and non-motorised movement and the achievement of a desirable high density live-and-work environment. It uses the long-established Rosebank Regional Node in the City of Johannesburg and the approved Rosebank Urban Development Framework, 2008, ("RUDF") as a case study, quantifying the spatial planning proposals and identifying possible shortcomings in the implementation of the TOD in this existing suburban area, now served by a Gautrain Station. The quantification of the RUDF proposals serves to identify the proposed land uses within the node and facilitates the application of the relevant parking standards and trip generation factors applicable to each, thereby illustrating the traffic demand on the road network as well as the parking to be supplied if current parking policies are adhered to. These are then compared the road network's capacity to identify mismatches. The research shows that the current practice of promoting densification while applying the standard parking suburban regulations (drafted in 1979) will not achieve a less private-cardependent lifestyle, and that without integrating parking policy and traffic demand management into the planning strategy, the likelihood is that the TOD vision will fail.
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Zuppa, Christophe Michael. "Accessibility's Influence on Population Location near Light Rail in the Denver Region." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5441.
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Accessibility is the most important concept in transportation planning because it describes the ease of travel to opportunities vital for everyday needs. Theoretically, people locate closer to transit corridors if accessibility improves. One desired benefit from light rail is denser land use patterns in the form of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) that captures population growth. In October 1994, the City of Denver, CO, joined the list of American cities that have implemented light rail within the last 33 years. Since then, five corridors have opened there, and planners are retooling their zoning codes to allow TOD near light rail. The hope is to mitigate road-centric policies that enabled sprawl during the second half of the 20th Century. This thesis investigates light rail in the Denver region in the context of accessibility. It asks the following research question: What land use and transportation conditions must exist to encourage the general population to locate near light rail? Five linear regression models test a range of accessibility variables. Evidence suggests that accessibility to jobs and housing near station areas is important for facilitating population growth near light rail. Specifically, land use policy needs to allow residential and non-residential mixed uses near station areas for population growth to occur. It is too early to draw any definitive conclusions for the Denver region. Anecdotal evidence indicates that planners are achieving land use goals of growth, even though many of the region's TOD-supportive policies were recently adopted.
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Bergman, Klara. "Understanding the relationship between property development and Bus Rapid Transit : A spatiotemporal analysis of transit oriented development in Curitiba, Brazil." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-204599.
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The city of Curitiba in southern Brazil is considered to be the cradle of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system. Curitiba has a population of around 1.9 million people and has a higher development index than Brazil in general. A master plan approved in the middle of the 1960’s has guided development of the city in a Transit Oriented Development (TOD) direction by zoning for high development densities close to the five BRT trunk lines in so-called structural axes. This thesis aimed at performing a spatiotemporal and statistical analysis of property development in Curitiba, to examine if the BRT system could have been a motivator for property development, and if so, to what extent. Spatial data including for instance a database of building permits, population densities, social housing locations and cost of land were used in the analysis. The analysis was divided into three themes to examine property development from three perspectives; Timing of Development, Density of Development and Social Housing Inclusion. Results for the entire BRT system showed that a greater “time lag” of property development following BRT development also meant that the property in question was located further away from a BRT line, suggesting that areas close to the BRT were popular. The individual lines showed different effects of timing of development, relating to the heterogenic surroundings and the characteristics of the time periods when the BRT was implemented. High development densities are found in the structural corridors, but high population densities are not only found there but also in areas in the South and Southwest parts of Curitiba. These areas coincide with areas of social housing, which historically has been planned in areas not served by the trunk lines of the BRT system. The conclusion of the thesis is that the BRT system certainly has been a motivator for property development, and that TOD planning with thoughtful zoning can be a powerful tool to direct property development. In order to counteract urban segregation, strategies for including social housing in the structural axes must be implemented.
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Chu, Kar-ning Catherina, and 朱家寧. "Power negotiation in planning: the transit-oriented development of Tseung Kwan O." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49885030.
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In the past, the planning process had been top down with a restrictive level of public participation. The decision-making power has been concentrated within the administration. The public has been tolerable at pre-1997. People in Hong Kong are no longer living at the “borrowed time” and “borrowed space” that Hughes (1976) described under the colonial rule after the return to motherland. They have developed a sense of belonging, show genuine concern on development of Hong Kong and increasing demands for participation in the policymaking process, hence the planning mechanism. The community has become more vocal in the planning process.
Tseung Kwan O (TKO) is a third generation and the seventh new town in Hong Kong. Since the Executive Council’s designation to develop into new town in 1982, it has undergone very rapid development. Transport networks in news towns have been planned to serve by railway. Railway is the backbone of Hong Kong’s transport system and it has a strong impact on urban development. In Hong Kong, urban development has followed the transit-oriented approach. There are institutional settings and policies in public and private sectors that support transit-oriented development (TOD). Drastic spatial changes occurred in the surrounding area of MTR stations after the operation in 2002. Taking advantage of the enhanced accessibility brought about by the railway line, high density developments are located close to the MTR stations at Po Lam, Hang Hau, Tseung Kwan O and Tiu Keng Leng, each forming a district centre with its own retail and supporting facilities.
The study scope would be based on the institutional settings and policies in public and private sectors that support TOD. In a society that composed of a heterogeneous group of people with different interests, the stakeholder composed a power structure in the planning process of the TKO new town, negotiation among the power exists. The resultant urban pattern is an outcome of the power negotiation. This study aimed to examine how different stakeholders participated in the negotiation of planning process in the latest generation of new town using the case of TKO as illustration.
The level of public participation in the planning process of Tseung Kwan O has been increasing. As the community has become more vocal in the planning process, efforts can be seen in reaching out to different stakeholders regarding the further development of Tseung Kwan O with a view to jointly planned with the community.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Rubio, Mariana 1978. "Synthesis of movement : transit oriented development for urban growth in Lima, Peru." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7997.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-113).
As urban transportation deteriorates, chaos increases putting aside urban patterns, systems and networks to prioritize the implementation of modern technologies. As a consequence of this situation and as a means to fulfill the requirements of the growing city, the larger built forms in the city are put in the spotlight and made busier and more complex. The connectivity that once ordered the transportation networks throughout the urban form diminishes, almost vanishes. There are different scales of movements, at different paces and levels (in all three dimensions), which need to be understood in order to get a good reading of the activity of the city. The site is located in the district of San Martin de Porres in the city of Lima, Peru and this thesis aims to fill the existing void represented by it in its context. It also aims to reconnect and re-vitalize the area of study by using transit-oriented development and spatially identifying elements. Another goals is to meet the needs of transportation networks and people through spatial relations, so as to generate a prototype that establishes processes and results to promote urban growth. This thesis presents the possibility to synthesize such movements (now scattered and unintelligible) and to provide a space for the junction and strengthening of the existing links between people and transit that occupy the urban landscape. The implementation of a Multimodal Passenger Terminal to serve both local (urban) mass transit and regional transportation is the main compositional element of the project. This will be complemented by other programmatic elements such as: a civic plaza and a communal green space, a series of smaller, more intimate open spaces, community services, retail and office space, movie theaters and a hotel. They will as a whole serve as supporting activities for the area and as a point of destination for the neighbors. The analysis of the transit network - regional and local - as well as of the area's land use and green space systems will allow for the better understanding of the context and will set the stage for the remainder of the study. Pedestrian behavioral patterns in the area also provide necessary information that is used to determine accesses and paths or concentration points in the project. The resulting elements are distilled and categorized into several design guidelines and are placed in a timeline for phased development. A series of organizational and distribution diagrams have been produced to reflect the findings. All of these could serve as a starting point for future development in other locations with similar conditions in the city or the country. They could be used individually or jointly depending on the demands and needs of the project, the people, the existing systems and the site, at a given time.
by Mariana Rubio.
S.M.
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Burgess, Jason (Jason Scott). "A comparative analysis of the Park-and-Ride/transit-oriented development tradeoff." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44362.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. [73]-75).
Park-and-ride provided metro regions with a mechanism to reduce commute-generated vehicle-miles traveled, by capturing vehicles in or near their home communities and allowing their drivers to travel to their destinations via transit. The hypothesis underlying this study is that the loss of commuter parking to transit-oriented development involves a tradeoff of one set of benefits (and costs) for another. By assessing the performance of existing park-and-ride facilities, and comparing the associated costs and benefits with those we might expect from transit-oriented development, decision-makers might make land-use decisions that more effectively advance local and regional goals. To that end, this study sets up a methodology to allow for an "apples-to-apples" comparison of the impacts of park-and-ride and transit-oriented development on regional vehicle-miles traveled. This methodology is flexible in its methods and its application, so that it may be adapted to a range of modeling tools and techniques, available data, and regional contexts. Data collected from commuter rail stations in the Boston metro region suggests that park-and-ride performance is more a factor of station distance from commuters' destinations than of the position of a station relative to others on the transit line. This result indicates that redevelopment of park-and-ride facilities in the Boston metro region should focus on cost-inefficient facilities in communities nearer to the CBD, where the benefits of transit-oriented development are also often greater.
by Jason Burgess.
M.C.P.
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Huhle, Freja Lina. "Sustainability in practice : A governmentality study about transit‐oriented development in rural areas." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45927.
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As a response to meet climate targets, transit-oriented development is seen as a tool in Swedish regional development to decrease car dependency. By national infrastructural investments in new train stations, small municipalities are expected to continue the transit-oriented development by plan dense areas with housing in connection to the new train stations. Previous research has shown that sustainable development plans are hard to implement, and that there is a lack of research about the processual dimension of implementing transit-oriented development plans, especially in rural areas. The aim of the thesis is to scrutinise the conditions in which these plans are supposed to be put into place at a municipal level, and in what way municipal interest affect to the implementation. The research question is asking how sustainable development is enacted in practice from the example of transit-oriented developmentin rural areas close to bigger cities. The chosen case studies are two neighbouring municipalities in Västra Götaland region that got new train stations in 2012, according to the planning norm of TOD and due to being located in a designated transport corridor. The empirical data consist of five comprehensive plans and interviews with six municipal politicians. By using a theoretical framework of governmentality studies the rationalities and underlying assumptions that makes the certain enactment of the plans intelligible are analysed. The result show that there are different logics behind the implementation of transit-oriented development plans at the regional and at the municipal level. The rationalities to implement the municipal plans conflict with the stated aim of the plans. When striving for a bigger tax base, the municipalities build housing that attract middle class families, which are the opposite of the dense development close to the train stations that are the goal of the regional plans. Because of interurban competition for a certain population, a sustainable development though transitoriented development can be hard to implement.
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Hasoloan, Jonathan Todo. "Defining transit oriented development (TOD) potential along the commuter line stations in Jakarta." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118253.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-90).
Transit oriented development (TOD) has been an emerging concept in Jakarta, particularly since the construction of the new Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT). Besides the two incoming new transits, Jakarta operates an existing Commuter Line, which has a significant ridership, even compared to the forecasted ridership of the MRT Line and the LRT Line, and an extensive network coverage across the metropolitan area. The emerging TOD in Jakarta mainly focuses on producing typical vertical mixed-use development, though there are supposed to be many TOD approaches that encompass various scales in response to different contexts. This thesis seeks to provide a comprehensive approach to achieve a sustainable TOD, using the Commuter Line as the case study Two imperative studies in TOD planning are combined in this thesis. The first is to investigate TOD as a network of different node, place, and market values. This thesis adopts the Three Value (3V) Framework, which is developed by Salat and Ollivier (2017) for the World Bank. The interplay of the three values distinguishes the development potential of each station and helps create a series of TOD typologies. The second is to investigate station neighborhood as an area for development itself. From the first study, three stations are considered as TOD areas and are selected as case studies to understand the prevalent urban fabric around the stations and how future development could and should transpire on such fabric. The combination of the two studies could help decision-makers better allocate and prioritize different development approaches within the Jakarta transit network to achieve a sustainable TOD.
by Jonathan Todo Hasoloan.
M.C.P.
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Vandewater, Samuel. "Urban regeneration through transit-oriented development: an initial perspective from the global South." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18713.
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As cities age and change, certain areas begin to physically decay and suffer from the flight of both its residents, as well as socioeconomic activities. The means by which these areas are regenerated remains an issue for many cities, who are unable to reconnect these places with opportunities needed to thrive. In response to this challenge, transit-oriented developments have become a more recent, sustainable form of urban growth that allow people to navigate a city's socioeconomic activities and opportunities through well-established modes of transportation. This has the potential to create cities in which people are able to have a 'live, work, play' lifestyle, supported by various modes of public transportation that also connects them to the broader urban context. The case study method is used to determine the viability of utilising transit-oriented developments as a path for enabling urban regeneration and to examine a space in need of regeneration that is also well-connected to various modes of urban transportation. Bellville Central provides an example of attempts to address urban decay through various efforts of regeneration, with the insights of the users of the space became invaluable resources for the study. The users found that safety, walkability, and transportation were of the utmost importance and should be improved to help regenerate the area, while other data suggested a need for more diverse socioeconomic activities. The results of the study reveal many overlapping principles such as notions of liveability, that, while aimed at different goals, use methods that are often complementary or even identical to each other, thus regenerative interventions should include additional theories (like transit-oriented development) and broader, inclusive impacts.
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RAMSEY, JASON LEE. "A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (LRT) IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND AND PORTLAND, OREGON." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022588948.
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Matthews, Nicholas. "Re-Utilizing Transit Opportunity: Creating Multi-Modal Opportunity as a Way to Attract Growth in the North Hills Region." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397735209.
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Sommers, Derek G. "The Site Intact: Engaging Site Historical Identity as Impetus for New Transit-Oriented Development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367928594.
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Judy, Meredith H. (Meredith Hampton). "The potential for bus rapid transit to promote transit oriented development : an analysis of BRTOD in Ottawa, Brisbane, and Pittsburgh." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40122.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-114).
This thesis explores the conditions under which bus rapid transit (BRT) can promote transit oriented development (TOD). At a time when cities throughout the U.S. are searching for methods to reduce road congestion and limit greenhouse gas emissions, it is critical that city leaders have access to research that can best direct their decisions. Most literature recognizes that, without government intervention, TOD is unlikely at rail stations. The question of whether BRT can promote TOD, however, has not previously been explored. Ottawa, Brisbane, and Pittsburgh serve as case study examples of cities with BRTOD. Analysis of these three cities demonstrates a range of conditions under which BRTOD has occurred. Ottawa has concentrated development at many stations, but it is only where a special effort was made to consider pedestrian conditions and a mix of uses that TOD emerged. Brisbane's BRTOD is the result of careful government efforts to locate BRT stations near existing and planned development that could easily conform to the TOD pattern. Pittsburgh's two BRTOD projects are the result of a community based initiative to shape a neighborhood's new growth. The experiences of all three cities can be used to guide future transit and land use planning in U.S. cities.
by Meredith H. Judy.
M.C.P.
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Chung, Ho-ting Elton, and 鍾浩霆. "Enhancement in pedestrian feeder system of transit oriented development facilitate a low carbon lifestyle." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46736657.
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Jaiswal, Tarun. "GIS Based Suitability Analysis for Transit Oriented Development Opportunities:The Case of Eastern Corridor in the Cincinnati Metropolitan Area." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1218719110.
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Cheng, Hon-ting, and 鄭瀚婷. "Understanding rail-based transit-oriented development: the dynamics of metro systems, population and incomegrowth." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45865887.
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Davis, Omari Akil. "The "L" is for living : creating urban development linkages with affordable transit-oriented housing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49687.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-113).
What is a city? Who is the city for? A citizen's answer to these questions is closely connected with her or his sense of political power or representation in the city. Harvey Molotch argues that politically influential land-owning elites conceive of the city as a growth machine to increase their wealth and/or influence. The growth machine idea is often linked with the concept of the city as a place of pleasure. These two concepts invariably produce growth strategies-strategies that that do not reflect or include other concepts of the city, such as the city being a place of work or provider of services (Frug, Ford and Barron 2006). This scenario envisions two camps on either side of any publicly funded proposal, one composed of political proponents or growth machine-elites and the other composed of activist opponents. The City of Chicago finds itself in this position as it campaigns for the opportunity to host the 2016 Summer Olympic Games. The city is currently fighting on two fronts. One fight is global, against the other would-be host cities Rio, Rome, and Tokyo. The other fight is local against residents, who would rather have new schools than a new Olympic stadium. The likelihood of successful Games is greater if the two local sides can establish consensus. This thesis proposes a method of building consensus, by ideologically aligning with the "growth machine" and further by placing itself between the two poles of the city of work and services and the city of pleasure.
(cont.) Operating in this framework this thesis posits that the city should host the Games, under the condition that there are beneficial linkages between the development for the Olympic Games and the residents. Moreover, this thesis posits that affordable housing in conjunction with transit-oriented development (TOD) is the best tool for linking the Games to benefits for the residents.
by Omari A. Davis.
M.C.P.