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Academic literature on the topic 'Transistors organique électrochimiques'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transistors organique électrochimiques"
Al, Yaman Yasmina. "Comprendre les mélanges de polymères pour leur utilisation comme conducteurs mixtes d'ions et d'électrons." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0431.
Full textOrganic Electrochemical devices are emerging as vital components in bioelectronics, particularly for applications requiring interfacing with biological systems, such as medical implants and wearable devices. A recurring challenge in the performance of these devices is the inefficient ion transport within the semiconducting polymers used, which limits their overall efficiency. To address this, we initially investigated newly synthesized hydrophilic polymers designed to enhance ion mobility. However, these materials exhibited poor solubility, leading to ineffective device performance. Consequently, we shifted our approach to polymer blending as a more practical solution. By blending the hydrophobic poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with hydrophilic polymers such as P3HT-b-PEO or polyethylene oxide (PEO), we enhanced ion mobility while maintaining the necessary electronic properties. These blends demonstrated clear transistor behavior, with P3HT-b-PEO acting as a compatibilizer, significantly improving stability comparedto PEO alone. Blends with higher molecular weight P3HT also exhibited greater stability and faster response times, likely due to increased polymer entanglement. When this blending strategy was applied to the more rigid polymer Poly[2,5-(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-5,5-(2,5-di(thien-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene)] (PDPP2T-TT-OD), we observed similar improvements in device performance, although the polymer's rigid backbone limited compatibility. Overall, this research highlights the effectiveness of polymer blending in optimizing ion transport and stability in OECTs, paving the way for more efficient bio-interfacing electronic devices
Ferro, Magali. "Development of conducting polymer devices for the monitoring of in vitro barrier tissue models." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEM017.
Full textIn vitro cell models are widely accepted platforms for toxicological studies. However starting from the 2D models, improvements are needed to reproduce the physiological environment of the tissue. Advances in tissue engineering have given rise to 3D barrier tissue models that recreate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. However, electrical platforms to quantify barrier tissue permeability hasn’t followed the rapid pace of models complexification. In this work I explore the possibilities to design conductive polymer-based devices adapted for the characterization of barrier tissue models. Conventional electrical tools used to evaluate integrity of barrier tissues are made of metal electrodes placed on each side of the tissue. This technology presents limitations when it comes to analyzing customized 3D tissue models due to issues in electrode size and stiffness. As an alternative option to metal electrodes, organic electronic materials have shown great promise to interface with biological tissues. In particular the Organic ElectroChemical Transistor (OECT) using PEDOT:PSS has already shown great efficiency to quantify electrical properties of barrier tissues in 2D. Thanks to microfabrication techniques they can be miniaturized and tuned to form mechanically compliant interface with a range of biological tissues. In this thesis, OECT compatibility with models such as tracheal cell culture at the air-liquid interface, spheroid models and microvessel-on-a-chip system has been tested. The achievements described in this work present significant progress in the field of in vitro platforms of barrier tissue modeling for toxicology and drug discovery testing
Nguyen, Thi Thuy Khue. "Détection de polluants dans l'eau potable. Développement d'un immunocapteur sur la base d'un transistor organique à effet de champ à grille électrolytique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC187/document.
Full textToday, with the increase of population, the consumption of drugs and of chemicals in agriculture has dramatically increased. It becomes a worrisome issue because a large amount of these molecules, excreted to the environment, are not well eliminated by water-treatment plants (when they exist) and are therefore released without control into the ecosystem. In too large quantities, these drugs are poisons for living organisms, including humans. Classical analytical methods for the measurement of these chemicals already exist (classical separative methods such as gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, possibly coupled with mass spectrometry, etc). However, even if extremely precise and reliable, these techniques are difficult to apply for on-site monitoring and are usually costly. For this reason, my thesis focuses on novel analytical approaches to detect small organic molecules such as these pollutants. In a first part of my work, I developped an original immunosensor based on a competitive complexation and on an electrochemical (amperometric) transduction, for detection of diclofenac, which is a non – steroidal anti – inflammatory drug generally employed to protect patients from inflammation and relieve pain. The working electrode was electrografted with two functional diazonium salts, one as molecular probe (a diclofenac derivative coupled with an arylamine) and the other as redox probe (a quinone) also coupled with an arylamine, able to transduce the hapten-antibody association into a change in electroactivity. The transduction was designed to deliver a current increase upon detection of diclofenac (“signal-on” detection). The detection limit is ca. 20 fM in tap water, which is competitive compared to other label-free immunosensors. In the following part of my thesis, I kept the same original transduction approach (competitive immunoassay) but applied to an Electrolyte-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistor (EGOFET) based on poly(N-alkyldiketopyrrolo-pyrrole dithienylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene) as organic semiconductor whose gate electrode was functionalized by electrografting a functional diazonium salt capable to bind an antibody specific to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), an herbicide well-known to be a soil and water pollutant. Molecular docking computations were performed to design the functional diazonium salt to rationalize the antibody capture on the gate surface. In the last part of my work, I propose an approach which takes profit not only of the capacitive coupling of the EGOFET but also on its sensitivity to electrostatic charges accumulated on the gate surface. To illustrate this in the field of sensors, I used a short peptide (Gly-Gly-His), known to selectively bind copper ions Cu2+. The peptide was immobilized by direct electrooxidation of the primary amine of the first glycine moiety. I demonstrated that GGH-modified EGOFETs can transduce Cu2+ complexation through significant changes of their output and transfer characteristics, in particular their threshold voltage (VTh)
Scheiblin, Gaëtan. "Development of lactate sensors and transfer to printed electronics." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM013/document.
Full textThe field of bioelectronics has raised many interest in the past decades due to the fact that it couples the worlds of electronics to biology. The discovery of conducting polymers in the 1970’s allowed to bridge the gap between the two worlds.Among conducting polymer based devices, the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has been widely used for biosensing and biomedical applications. The intrinsic amplification provided by the device make it ideal platform to record signals that suffers from low signal to noise ratio. Conformability and flexibility are key parameters for implantable and wearable sensors. Thus flexible printed OECTs based biosensors are promising devices for those applications. Among metabolites present in biological fluids, lactate levels are linked with muscle fatigue or infection. Sensing this metabolite is consequently relevant for many applications. In this work, the development of a screen-printed, OECT based lactate sensor is discussed. An accent was given to obtain a wearable sensor, by designing solid state device. Moreover, since the OECT can be easily transposed to ionic detection, efforts were made towards the development of multianalyte platforms to sense pH, K+ and NH4+ ions. Those development open the way for more complex platforms based on circuits integrating OECTs. Those platforms could be used for rapid diagnostic applications with OECTs
Uguz, Ilke. "Organic Implantable Probes for in vivo Recordings of Electrophysciological Activity and Drug Delivery." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM027/document.
Full textRecordings and stimulation of in vivo neural activity are necessary for diagnostic purposes and for brain-machine interfaces. Organic electronic devices constitute a promising candidate due to their mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility. Local control of neuronal activity is central to many therapeutic strategies aiming to treat neurological disorders. Arguably, the best solution would make use of endogenous highly localized and specialized regulatory mechanisms of neuronal activity, and an ideal therapeutic technology should sense activity and deliver endogenous molecules simultaneously to achieve the most efficient feedback regulation. Thus, there is a need for novel devices to specifically interface nerve cells. Here, we demonstrate an organic electronic device capable of precisely delivering neurotransmit- ters in vitro and in vivo. In converting electronic addressing into delivery of neurotransmit- ters, the device mimics the nerve synapse. The inhibitory neurotransmitter, -aminobutyric acid (GABA), was actively delivered and stopped epileptiform activity, recorded simultaneously and colocally. These multifunctional devices create a range of opportunities, including implantable therapeutic devices with automated feedback, where locally recorded signals regulate local release of specific therapeutic agents. In addition, we demonstrate the engineering of an organic electrochemical transistor embedded in an ultrathin organic film designed to record electrophysiological signals on the surface of the brain. The device was applied in vivo and epidurally implanted could reach capabilities beyond similar sized electrodes allowing minimally invasive monitoring of brain activity
Villarroel, Marquez Ariana A. "Multimodal sensing polymer transistors for cell and micro-organ monitoring." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0449.
Full textThe generation of novel materials to harness the power of biological sensors is extremely attractive because precisely configured electrical activities form the base of key biological events such as brain activity, heart beat or vital hormone secretion. Cellular signals are often recorded using probes that require genetic or chemical manipulation. Intrinsic signals offer the huge advantage to harness these properties without further transformations. Extracellular microelectrode arrays (MEAs) and polymer-based organic electrochemical transistor arrays (OECTs) rely on the movement of ions, are non-invasive and provide some information on cell activity. However, they cannot resolve fluxes of specific species as targeted ions to obtain a precise picture of cell/organ activity. In this context, this work has consisted on the development of multimodal ion-sensing polymers, demonstration of their biocompatibility to beta-cells, the engineer of original OECTs incorporating these materials and demonstration of their viability as non-invasive platform of electrical cell activity and specific ion fluxes
Janzakova, Kamila. "Développement de dendrites polymères organiques en 3D comme dispositif neuromorphique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN017.
Full textNeuromorphic technologies is a promising direction for development of more advanced and energy-efficient computing. They aim to replicate attractive brain features such as high computational efficiency at low power consumption on a software and hardware level. At the moment, brain-inspired software implementations (such as ANN and SNN) have already shown their successful application for different types of tasks (image and speech recognition). However, to benefit more from the brain-like algorithms, one may combine them with appropriate hardware that would also rely on brain-like architecture and processes and thus complement them. Neuromorphic engineering has already shown the utilization of solid-state electronics (CMOS circuits, memristor) for the development of brain-inspired devices. Nevertheless, these implementations are fabricated through top-down methods. In contrast, brain computing relies on bottom-up processes such as interconnectivity between cells and the formation of neural communication pathways.In the light of mentioned above, this work reports on the development of programmable 3D organic neuromorphic devices, which, unlike most current neuromorphic technologies, can be created in a bottom-up manner. This allows bringing neuromorphic technologies closer to the level of brain programming, where necessary neural paths are established only on the need.First, we found out that PEDOT:PSS based 3D interconnections can be formed by means of AC-bipolar electropolymerization and that they are capable of mimicking the growth of neural cells. By tuning individually the parameters of the waveform (peak amplitude voltage -VP, frequency - f, duty cycle - dc and offset voltage - Voff), a wide range of dendrite-like structures was observed with various branching degrees, volumes, surface areas, asymmetry of formation, and even growth dynamics.Next, it was discovered that dendritic morphologies obtained at various frequencies are conductive. Moreover, each structure exhibits an individual conductance value that can be interpreted as synaptic weight. More importantly, the ability of dendrites to function as OECT was revealed. Different dendrites exhibited different performances as OECT. Further, the ability of PEDOT:PSS dendrites to change their conductivity in response to gate voltage was used to mimic brain memory functions (short-term plasticity -STP and long-term plasticity -LTP). STP responses varied depending on the dendritic structure. Moreover, emulation of LTP was demonstrated not only by means of an Ag/AgCl gate wire but as well by means of a self-developed polymer dendritic gate.Finally, structural plasticity was demonstrated through dendritic growth, where the weight of the final connection is governed according to Hebbian learning rules (spike-timing-dependent plasticity - STDP and spike-rate-dependent plasticity - SRDP). Using both approaches, a variety of dendritic topologies with programmable conductance states (i.e., synaptic weight) and various dynamics of growth have been observed. Eventually, using the same dendritic structural plasticity, more complex brain features such as associative learning and classification tasks were emulated.Additionally, future perspectives of such technologies based on self-propagating polymer dendritic objects were discussed