Relevant bibliographies by topics / Transgenic barley

Academic literature on the topic 'Transgenic barley'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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Wang, Ming-Bo, David C. Abbott, Narayana M. Upadhyaya, John V. Jacobsen, and Peter M. Waterhouse. "Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of an elite Australian barley cultivar with virus resistance and reporter genes." Functional Plant Biology 28, no. 2 (2001): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp00103.

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Efficient transformation of barley cv. Schooner was achieved using Agrobacterium delivery, hygromycin or bialaphos selection and embryogenic callus. Using this system, transgenic plants were generated that contained either the green fluorescent protein gene, or transgenes derived from barley yellow dwarf (BYDV) and cereal yellow dwarf (CYDV) viruses. Many of these plants contained 1–3 transgene copies that were inherited in a simple Mendelian manner. Some plants containing BYDV and/or CYDV derived transgenes showed reduced virus symptoms and rates of viral replication when challenged with the appropriate virus. The ability to transform Schooner is a significant advance for the Australian barley industry, as this elite malting variety is, and has for the last 15 years been, the most widely grown barley variety in eastern Australia.
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Ohnoutková, Ludmila, and Tomáš Vlčko. "Homozygous Transgenic Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants by Anther Culture." Plants 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070918.

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Production of homozygous lines derived from transgenic plants is one of the important steps for phenotyping and genotyping transgenic progeny. The selection of homozygous plants is a tedious process that can be significantly shortened by androgenesis, cultivation of anthers, or isolated microspores. Doubled haploid (DH) production achieves complete homozygosity in one generation. We obtained transgenic homozygous DH lines from six different transgenic events by using anther culture. Anthers were isolated from T0 transgenic primary regenerants and cultivated in vitro. The ploidy level was determined in green regenerants. At least half of the 2n green plants were transgenic, and their progeny were shown to carry the transgene. The process of dihaploidization did not affect the expression of the transgene. Embryo cultures were used to reduce the time to seed of the next generation. The application of these methods enables rapid evaluation of transgenic lines for gene function studies and trait evaluation.
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Koev, Gennadiy, B. R. Mohan, S. P. Dinesh-Kumar, Kimberly A. Torbert, David A. Somers, and W. Allen Miller. "Extreme Reduction of Disease in Oats Transformed with the 5′ Half of the Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV Genome." Phytopathology® 88, no. 10 (October 1998): 1013–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.10.1013.

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Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) are the most serious and widespread viruses of oats, barley, and wheat worldwide. Natural resistance is inadequate. Toward overcoming this limitation, we engineered virus-derived transgenic resistance in oat. Oat plants were transformed with the 5′ half of the BYDV strain PAV genome, which includes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. In experiments on T2- and T3-generation plants descended from the same transformation event, all BYDV-inoculated plants containing the transgene showed disease symptoms initially, but recovered, flowered, and produced seed. In contrast, all but one of the BYDV-PAV-inoculated nontransgenic segregants died before reaching 25 cm in height. Although all of the recovered transgenic plants looked similar, the amount of virus and viral RNA ranged from substantial to undetectable levels. Thus, the transgene may act either by restricting virus accumulation or by a novel transgenic tolerance phenomenon. This work demonstrates a strategy for genetically stable transgenic resistance to BYDVs that should apply to all hosts of the virus.
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Kwapata, Kingdom, Thang Nguyen, and Mariam Sticklen. "Genetic Transformation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) with theGusColor Marker, theBarHerbicide Resistance, and the Barley (Hordeum vulgare)HVA1Drought Tolerance Genes." International Journal of Agronomy 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/198960.

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Five common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) varieties including “Condor,” “Matterhorn,” “Sedona,” “Olathe,” and “Montcalm” were genetically transformed via the Biolistic bombardment of the apical shoot meristem primordium. Transgenes includedguscolor marker which visually confirmed transgenic events, thebarherbicide resistance selectable marker used forin vitroselection of transgenic cultures and which confirmed Liberty herbicide resistant plants, and the barley (Hordeum vulgare) late embryogenesis abundant protein (HVA1) which conferred drought tolerance with a corresponding increase in root length of transgenic plants. Research presented here might assist in production of betterP. vulgarisgermplasm.
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Oldach, Klaus H., Dirk Becker, and Horst Lörz. "Heterologous Expression of Genes Mediating Enhanced Fungal Resistance in Transgenic Wheat." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, no. 7 (July 2001): 832–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.7.832.

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Three cDNAs encoding the antifungal protein Ag-AFP from the fungus Aspergillus giganteus, a barley class II chitinase and a barley type I RIP, all regulated by the constitutive Ubiquitin1 promoter from maize, were expressed in transgenic wheat. In 17 wheat lines, stable integration and inheritance of one of the three transgenes has been demonstrated over four generations. The formation of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) or leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) colonies was significantly reduced on leaves from afp or chitinase II- but not from rip I-expressing wheat lines compared with non-transgenic controls. The increased resistance of afp and chitinase II lines was dependent on the dose of fungal spores used for inoculation. Heterologous expression of the fungal afp gene and the barley chitinase II gene in wheat demonstrated that colony formation and, thereby, spreading of two important biotrophic fungal diseases is inhibited approximately 40 to 50% at an inoculum density of 80 to 100 spores per cm2.
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Yao, Qing A., Ecaterina Simion, Manilal William, Joan Krochko, and Ken J. Kasha. "Biolistic transformation of haploid isolated microspores of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Genome 40, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 570–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-075.

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Transgenic barley plants were produced by the direct delivery of plasmid DNA into isolated microspores of barley cv. Igri using high velocity microprojectiles. The plasmid pAHC25 contained the uidA and bar genes, each under the control of a maize Ubi1 promoter. Bombarded microspores were cultured and selected on solid medium containing varying concentrations (2–5 mg/L) of the Basta herbicide active agent bialaphos. The effectiveness of selection with bialaphos depended on its interaction with the medium component glutamine. Six transgenic plants (R0) were obtained, and the presence of the uidA and bar genes and their integration into nuclear DNA in transformed R0 plants were confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase activity was observed in all six R0 transgenic plants, whereas none showed β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in histochemical GUS assays. Two of the six R0 plants were haploid and sterile; one of them was trisomic and partially sterile; the remainder were diploid, but one of them was also sterile. Inheritance of the transgenes in progeny of three seed-producing transgenic plants was investigated. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from R1 plants showed that the introduced bar and uidA genes were hemizygous and stably cotransmitted to the R1 progeny derived from self-pollination. Analysis of Basta resistance and the integration of the bar gene by PCR analysis in R1 plants indicated that the bar gene was being inherited and expressed as a single dominant trait. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed on chromosomes of the trisomic plant to confirm the presence of transgenes in the genome.Key words: barley, microspore, biolistic transformation, bialaphos, haploid, FISH.
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Ritala, Anneli, Reino Aikasalo, Kristian Aspegren, Marjatta Salmenkallio-Marttila, Satu Akerman, Leena Mannonen, Ulrika Kurtén, Riitta Puupponen-Pimiä, Teemu H. Teeri, and Veli Kauppinen. "Transgenic barley by particle bombardment. Inheritance of the transferred gene and characteristics of transgenic barley plants." Euphytica 85, no. 1-3 (February 1995): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00023933.

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Bekalu, Zelalem Eshetu, Claus Krogh Madsen, Giuseppe Dionisio, Inger Bæksted Holme, Lise Nistrup Jørgensen, Inge S. Fomsgaard, and Henrik Brinch-Pedersen. "Overexpression of Nepenthesin HvNEP-1 in Barley Endosperm Reduces Fusarium Head Blight and Mycotoxin Accumulation." Agronomy 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020203.

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) causes substantial losses of yield and quality in grains, both in the field and in post-harvest storage. To date, adequate natural genetic resistance is not available for the control of FHB. This study reports the cloning and overexpression of a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) antifungal gene, nepenthesin 1 (HvNEP-1), in the endosperm of barley grains. Transgenic barley lines overexpressing HvNEP-1 substantially reduced FHB severity and disease progression after inoculation with Fusarium graminearum or Fusarium culmorum. The transgenic barley also showed reduced accumulation of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in grain, far below the minimum value allowable for food. Semi-field evaluation of four HvNEP-1 transgenic lines revealed substantial reduction of FHB severity and progression as compared with the control H. vulgare cultivar Golden promise (GP) plants. Our study demonstrated the utility of HvNEP-1 for the control of FHB in barley, and possibly other grains such as wheat and maize.
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Choi, H. W., P. G. Lemaux, and M. J. Cho. "Long-term stability of transgene expression driven by barley endosperm-specific hordein promoters in transgenic barley." Plant Cell Reports 21, no. 11 (July 1, 2003): 1108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0630-9.

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Matthews, Peter R., Sarah Thornton, Frank Gubler, Rosemary White, and John V. Jacobsen. "Use of the green fluorescent protein to locate α-amylase gene expression in barley grains." Functional Plant Biology 29, no. 9 (2002): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp02011.

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A green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was cloned between the promoter and 3� regions from a barley high isoelectric point (pI) α-amylase gene, then inserted into barley. GFP fluorescence was used to locate and quantify expression of the transgene in barley grains following hydration. Light and confocal laser microscopy revealed fluorescence in the known regions of α-amylase synthesis in the scutellar epithelium, aleurone layer and embryonic axis. Fluorescence was quantified using a simple fluorescence assay, which showed induction of the transgene to mirror the induction of α-amylase in aleurone exposed to gibberellic acid. Expression from the transgene was also shown to be inhibited by abscisic acid, in the same way as expression of endogenous α-amylase genes. Overall, the transgenic grain revealed patterns of α-amylase expression before and after germination, and showed strong potential for further studies investigating both α-amylase production and transport of gibberellin in malting grain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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Osorio, Claudia E. "Development of transgenic barley expressing human type I collagen." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/c%5Fosorio%5F121304.pdf.

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Stahl, Yvonne. "Characterisation of the barley limit dextrinase inhibitor and manipulation of its expression in transgenic barley." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/417.

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Nobre, Jose Manso Preto. "Studies on methods for the genetic manipulation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336932.

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Ilett, Colin John. "The characterisation of barley and wheat oxalate oxidases expressed in transgenic plants." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4875/.

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Oxalate oxidase is a water soluble, thermolabile, homo-oligomeric glycoprotein the synthesis of which marks the onset of germination In wheat and barley embryos. The protein Is also highly abundant In barley roots. The enzyme has an average oligomer molecular mass of about 115 kDa and about 22.8 kDa for the monomers, as determined by mass spectrometry. The ollgomeric cereal oxalate oxidases are resistant to dissociation In SDS containing media and to digestion by pepsin. The cereal organs produce two oxalate oxidase Isoforms (G and G') which possess the same apoprotein but are differentially glycosylated. The oligosaccharide side chain(s) has a molecular mass of about 2-3 kDa. Barley root also contains a third active oxalate oxidase isoform with a mass of about 22.5 kDa, which was not detected in germinating embryos of the same cultlvar. All of the cereal oxalate oxidases were shown to have identical N-terminal amino acid sequences and almost identical kinetic properties This thesis describes the characterisation of oxalate oxidases Isolated from three transgenic plants lines, expressing chimeric CaMV 35S-oxalate oxidase genes. SGS5 tobacco was expressing a gene with the native oxalate oxidase signal peptide and 3S1 oilseed rape and C26 tobacco were expressing a gene containing a foreign extensin signal peptide. Transgenic SGS5 tobacco produced an oxalate oxidase which was almost indistinguishable from the native cereal protein, in terms of Its structure, stability, enzyme activity and resistance to dissociation In SDS containing media and digestion by pepsin. This work Illustrated the ability of a dicotyledonous plant (tobacco) to recognised and correctly process a transgenic monocotyledon protein (wheat).Transgenic 3S1 oilseed rape and C26 tobacco were shown to produce active oligomeric oxalate oxidases, which did not exhibit any of the unusual resistance properties normally associated with these proteins. Instead the 3S1 and C26 oxalate oxidases were unstable and exhibited significantly altered kinetic properties compared with the native cereal and transgenic SGS5 enzymes. The instability was thought to have arisen from the Incorrect processing of the 3S1 and C26 oxalate oxidases, resulting in the partial cleavage of the extensin signal peptide, which in turn gave rise to a mature oxalate oxidase with an altered N- terminal sequence compared with the native cereal enzyme. The use of vacuum infiltration confirmed the association of the transgenic enzymes with the extracellular spaces, although the majority of the enzyme was shown to be intracellular. The main objective for producing the transgenic oilseed rape expressing oxalate oxidase was to Improve fungal pathogen resistance against oxalic acid secreting pathogens. The results described in this thesis are concerned with a direct comparison of the structure, stability and kinetics between the native cereal and transgenic oxalate oxidases and the possible consequences for pathogen resistance In plants expressing unstable yet active transgenic enzymes.
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Salvo-Garrido, Haroldo E. "Genome analysis in wild (Hordeum bulbosum L.) and transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327510.

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Carlson, Alvar R. "Visual selection of transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) structures and their regeneration into green plants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35872.pdf.

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Marris, Claire. "Regulation of the expression of a seed-protein gene from barley in transgenic tobacco plants." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254327.

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Goodall, Andrew James. "Identification and expression analyses of cystolic glutamine synthetase genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3746.

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Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a key enzyme in nitrogen (N) assimilation, especially during seed development. This thesis has identified three cytosolic GS isoforms (HvGS1) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Golden Promise). The quantitation of gene expression, isoform localisation and response to N supply has revealed that each gene plays a non-redundant role in different tissues throughout seedling development. The localisation of HvGS1_1 in vascular cells of different tissues, combined with its abundance in the stem and its response to changes in N supply, indicate that HvGS1_1 is important in N transport and remobilisation. HvGS1_1 is located on chromosome 6H at 72.54 cM, close to the marker HVM074 which is associated with a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for grain protein content (GPC). HvGS1_1 may be a potential candidate gene to manipulate barley GPC. HvGS1_2 mRNA was localised to the leaf mesophyll cells, in both the cortex and the pericycle of roots and was the dominant HvGS1 isoform in these tissues. HvGS1_2 expression increased in the leaves with an increasing supply of N, suggesting that its role is in the primary assimilation of N. HvGS1_3 was specifically and predominantly localised in the grain, being highly expressed throughout grain development. HvGS1_3 expression increased specifically in the roots of plants grown on high NH₄⁺ suggesting that it has a primary role in grain N assimilation and also in the protection from ammonium toxicity in roots. The expression of the HvGS1 genes is directly correlated with both protein and enzymatic activity, indicating that transcriptional regulation is of prime importance in the control of GS activity in barley. Analysis of 15 different barley cultivars found no correlation between HvGS expression and various desirable attributes. Transgenics which over-express and silence individual HvGS1 isoforms have been produced and confirmed, to analyse for changes in beneficial traits.
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Mandala, Giulia. "Reinforcing and broadening wheat resistance against Fusarium diseases by a barley deoxynivalenol detoxifying UDP‐glucosyltransferase and its pyramiding with ectopic glycosidase inhibitors." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0132.

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Les maladies du blé causées par Fusarium, comme la brulure de l’épi (FHB) et la pourriture de la tige (FCR), entrainent une réduction de production, de la qualité du blé et des problèmes de sécurité alimentaire liés à la présence de mycotoxines affectant la santé de l’Homme et des animaux: la plus représentée étant le déoxynivalénol (DON). Le DON est un inhibiteur de la synthèse protéique qui agit durant l’infection comme un facteur de virulence. La glycosylation du DON en D3G (DON-3-O-glicoside) catalysée par des UDP-glycosyltransférases (UGTs) est le principal mécanisme de protection des plantes contre sa toxicité. Dans ce travail, nous avons démontré que la détoxification du DON par l’UGT confère une résistance à large spectre contre les champignons produisant DON F.graminearum et F.culmorum. Nous avons produit des plants de blé dur exprimant de manière constitutive le gène HvUGT13248 (Ubi-UGT) et des plants de blé panifiables exprimant ce gène au niveau du tissu floral (Lem-UGT). Les plants Ubi-UGT ont montré une réduction significative des symptômes de FHB durant les stades précoces et médians de l’infection, et de FCR à tous les stades de l’infection. De plus, les plants Lem-UGT ont montré une corrélation entre les niveaux d’expression de l’UGT et de protection observée. Finalement, nous avons démontré que la pyramidation des gènes associés à des mécanismes de résistance différents peut renforcer la résistance de l’hôte à l’infection. Des plants de blé ont été générés exprimant à la fois l’enzyme HvUGT13248, et des inhibiteurs de glycosidases: AcPMEI ou PvPGIP2, impliqués dans la dégradation de la paroi cellulosique, et qui ont montré une résistance accrue à la FHB
Fusarium diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium crown rot (FCR) represent major agricultural problems worldwide, causing reduction of grain yield and quality and food safety. In particular, grain contamination by Fusarium mycotoxins, mainly deoxynivalenol (DON), is responsible for health problems in humans and animals. DON is a protein synthesis inhibitor, acting as a virulence factor during pathogenesis. The principal mechanism involved in enhancing plant tolerance to DON is glycosylation, forming DON-3-β-D-glucoside (D3G), performed by specific UDP-glucosyltransferases (UGTs). In this work, we demonstrated that DON-detoxification by UGT confers a broad-spectrum resistance against the DON-producing fungi F. graminearum and F. culmorum, characterized by different time of infection and target organs. We produced transgenic durum wheat plants (Ubi-UGT) constitutively expressing the barley HvUGT13248 and bread wheat plants (Lem-UGT) expressing HvUGT13248 in flower tissues. Ubi-UGT plants revealed significant reduction of FHB symptom, during early-mid stages of infection, and of FCR symptom, throughout the infection timing. The floral-specific expression highlighted a dose-dependent efficacy of the UGT detoxification mechanism. In addition, we demonstrated that pyramiding of genes controlling different resistance mechanisms can further reinforce the host response by stacking transgenes controlling the DON-to-D3G conversion and the inhibition of cell wall degrading enzymes by glycosidase inhibitors in the same wheat genotype. We obtained plants expressing HvUGT13248 and AcPMEI or HvUGT13248 and PvPGIP2, which exhibited increased FHB resistance
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Harshavardhan, Vokkaliga T. [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Wobus, Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Humbeck, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Leubner. "Altering ABA levels in leaf and seed tissue of barley to study the role of ABA on plant performance under post-anthesis drought stress using the transgenic approach / Vokkaliga T. Harshavardhan. Betreuer: Ulrich Wobus ; Klaus Humbeck ; Gerhard Leubner." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044576243/34.

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Books on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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Jones, Huw D., and Peter R. Shewry, eds. Transgenic Wheat, Barley and Oats. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-379-0.

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D, Jones Huw, and Shewry P. R, eds. Transgenic wheat, barley and oats: Production and characterization protocols. New York, NY: Humana Press, 2009.

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Transgenic wheat, barley and oats: Production and characterization protocols. New York, NY: Humana Press, 2009.

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Shewry, Peter R., and Huw D. Jones. Transgenic Wheat, Barley and Oats: Production and Characterization Protocols. Humana Press, 2016.

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Salmenkallio-Marttila, Marjatta. Regeneration of fertile barley plants from protoplasts and production of transgenic barley by electroporation. 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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Hagio, T. "Transgenic Barley (Hordeum vulgare)." In Transgenic Crops I, 60–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59612-4_4.

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Lemaux, Peggy G., Myeong-Je Cho, Shibo Zhang, and Phil Bregitzer. "Transgenic Cereals: Hordeum vulgare L. (barley)." In Molecular improvement of cereal crops, 255–316. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4802-3_9.

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Ritala, Anneli, Reino Aikasalo, Kristian Aspegren, Marjatta Salmenkallio-Marttila, Satu Åkerman, Leena Mannonen, Ulrika Kurtén, Riitta Puupponen-Pimiä, Teemu H. Teeri, and Veli Kauppinen. "Transgenic barley by particle bombardment. Inheritance of the transferred gene and characteristics of transgenic barley plants." In Developments in Plant Breeding, 81–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0357-2_9.

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Dunwell, Jim M. "Transgenic Wheat, Barley and Oats: Future Prospects." In Methods in Molecular Biology™, 333–45. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-379-0_20.

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Fu, Jianming, Minesh Patel, Anna Maria Nuutila, and Ron Skadsen. "Thionin Antifungal Peptide Synthesis in Transgenic Barley." In ACS Symposium Series, 359–77. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1095.ch017.

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Lazzeri*, Paul A., and Huw D. Jones. "Transgenic Wheat, Barley and Oats: Production and Characterization." In Methods in Molecular Biology™, 3–20. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-379-0_1.

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Cho, M. J., H. W. Choi, P. Bregitzer, S. Zhang, and P. G. Lemaux. "Transgenic Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Chromosomal Variation." In Testing for Genetic Manipulation in Plants, 169–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04904-4_11.

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Bansal, Monika, and Shabir H. Wani. "Genetic Improvement of Wheat and Barley Using Transgenic Approaches." In New Horizons in Wheat and Barley Research, 623–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4449-8_23.

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Hensel, G., and J. Kumlehn. "Genetic Transformation of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) by Co-Culture of Immature Embryos with Agrobacterium." In Transgenic Crops of the World, 35–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2333-0_3.

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Mori, S., H. Nakanishi, M. Takahashi, K. Higuchi, and N. K. Nishizawa. "Genetic engineering of transgenic rice with barley strategy-II genes." In Plant Nutrition, 14–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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"Transcriptome analysis of Nud transgene mutant barley." In Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (SBB-2021) : The 13th International Young Scientists School;. ICG SB RAS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-plantgen-2021-06.

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Reports on the topic "Transgenic barley"

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Jander, Georg, and Daniel Chamovitz. Investigation of growth regulation by maize benzoxazinoid breakdown products. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600031.bard.

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Introduction Previous research had suggested that benzoxazinoids, a class of defensive metabolites found in maize, wheat, rye, and wild barley, are not only direct insect deterrents, but also influence other areas of plant metabolism. In particular, the benzoxazinoid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxa- zin-3(4H)- one (DIMBOA) was implicated in: (i) altering plant growth by interfering with auxin signaling, and (ii) leading to the induction of gene expression changes and secondary plant defense responses. The overall goal of this proposal was to identify mechanisms by which benzoxazinoids influence other aspects of plant growth and defense. Specifically, the following hypotheses were proposed to be tested as part of an approved BARD proposal: Benzoxazinoid breakdown products directly interfere with auxin perception Global changes in maize and barley gene expression are induced by benzoxazinoid activation. There is natural variation in the maize photomorphogenic response to benzoxazinoids. Although the initial proposal included experiments with both maize and barley, there were some technical difficulties with the proposed transgenic barley experiments and most of the experimental results were generated with maize. Summary of major findings Previous research by other labs, involving both maize and other plant species, had suggested that DIMBOA alters plant growth by interfering with auxin signaling. However, experiments conducted in both the Chamovitz and the Jander labs using Arabidopsis and maize, respectively, were unable to confirm previously published reports of exogenously added DIMBOA effects on auxin signaling. Nevertheless, analysis of bx1 and bx2 maize mutant lines, which have almost no detectable benzoxazinoids, showed altered responses to blue light signaling. Transcriptomic analysis of maize mutant lines, variation in inbred lines, and responses to exogenously added DIMBOA showed alteration in the transcription of a blue light receptor, which is required for plant growth responses. This finding provides a novel mechanistic explanation of the trade-off between growth and defense that is often observed in plants. Experiments by the Jander lab and others had demonstrated that DIMBOA not only has direct toxicity against insect pests and microbial pathogens, but also induces the formation of callose in both maize and wheat. In the current project, non-targeted metabolomic assays of wildtype maize and mutants with defects in benzoxazinoid biosynthesis were used to identify unrelated metabolites that are regulated in a benzoxazinoid-dependent manner. Further investigation identified a subset of these DIMBOA-responsive compounds as catechol, as well as its glycosylated and acetylated derivatives. Analysis of co-expression data identified indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (IGPS) as a possible regulator of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in maize. In the current project, enzymatic activity of three predicted maize IGPS genes was confirmed by heterologous expression. Transposon knockout mutations confirmed the function of the maize genes in benzoxazinoid biosynthesis. Sub-cellular localization studies showed that the three maize IGPS proteins are co-localized in the plastids, together with BX1 and BX2, two previously known enzymes of the benzoxazinoid biosynthesis pathway. Implications Benzoxazinoids are among the most abundant and effective defensive metabolites in maize, wheat, and rye. Although there is considerable with-in species variation in benzoxazinoid content, very little is known about the regulation of this variation and the specific effects on plant growth and defense. The results of this research provide further insight into the complex functions of maize benzoxazinoids, which are not only toxic to pests and pathogens, but also regulate plant growth and other defense responses. Knowledge gained through the current project will make it possible to engineer benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in a more targeted manner to produce pest-tolerant crops without negative effects on growth and yield.
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Pathogenicity and Sclerotial Development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Involvement of Oxalic Acid and Chitin Synthesis. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571357.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is among the world's most successful and omnivorous fungal plant pathogens. Included in the nearly 400 species of plants reported as hosts to this fungus are canola, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, dry bean and potato. The general inability to develop resistant germplasm with these economically important crops to this pathogen has focused attention on the need for a more detailed examination of the pathogenic determinants involved in disease development. A mechanistic understanding of the successful strategy(ies) used by S. sclerotiorum in colonizing host plants and their linkage to fungal development may provide targets and/or novel approaches with which to design resistant crop plants. This proposal involved experiments which were successful in generating genetically-engineered plants harboring resistance to S. sclerotiorum, the establishment and improvement of molecular tools for the study of this pathogen and the analysis of the linkage between pathogenicity, sclerotial morphogenesis and two biosynthetic pathways: oxalic acid production and chitin synthesis. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity, established reliable molecular techniques to facilitate experimental manipilation and generated transgenic plants which are resistant to this econimically important fungus.
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