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1

Korolovych, Oksana. "Practice of systemic family therapy of transgenerational traumas." Kyiv journal of modern psychology and psychotherapy 6 (November 2, 2023): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.48020/mppj.2023.02.04.

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The article analyzes the transgenerationa ltrauma phenomenon, its main manifestations and transmission mechanisms. The main signs of transgenerational trauma are identified: phantom manifestations, selective amnesia, a symptom or disease transmitted from generation to generation, family myths, distorted distribution of roles within the family system. Grounded methods for identification and psychotherapy of transgenerational trauma. A clinical case of psychotherapy, the practice of using methods of genosociogram and systemic family constellations in overcoming the trauma of the Holodomor is described. Conclusions about the effectiveness of the described methods in the presented clinical case were made.
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2

Berger-Becker, Nicole. "Woher komme ich? Wer bin Ich? Die Schatten der Vergangenheit und ihre Verarbeitung in der Imagination." Imagination 36, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/ig.v36i2.3438.

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Rollenzuweisungen, Familienaufträge und deren begleitende Affekte von Schuld und Schmerz werden transgenerational unbewusst weitergegeben. Sie bleiben daher nicht kommunizierbar und ohne psychische Repräsentation. Imaginative Verfahren, vor allem die KIP und die Arbeit mit »konkreten Symbolen«, helfen den Patienten, dieses transgenerationale Erbe in ein sinngebendes individuelles und historisches Narrativ einzubetten und sie zu verarbeiten. Dadurch wird auch das Verständnis der Symptomatik der jeweiligen Patienten erweitert. Bei Mitbürgern aus Migrationshintergründen muss auch deren Muttersprache in der Psychotherapie berücksichtigt werden, da sie ein wichtiger Träger von früheren affektiv besetzten Entwicklungen ist.
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3

Łucka, Izabela, and Paweł Nowak. "Włosy babci – trauma transgeneracyjna." Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2014.0011.

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4

Peña Gutiérrez, María, and Ana Araceli Navarro Becerra. "Estructura familiar y adicciones transgeneracionales." Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología 11, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/rmip.v11i1.426.

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Introducción: la familia es una arista que participa en la problemática de las adicciones, pero la adicción no suele presentarse en sola generación familiar, sino que muestra presencia transgeneracional dependiendo de la estructura familiar. De ahí que, vale la pena profundizar en la adicción poniendo atención en la familia, con la intención de aportar algunos aspectos a considerar en el diseño de planes de prevención y rehabilitación de las personas con adicción. El objetivo es describir la manera en que los patrones de conducta asociados a la estructura familiar facilitan el proceso adictivo transgeneracional. Mediante la metodología cualitativa y con un método interpretativo se aplicaron entrevistas en profundidad a 8 consejeros en adicciones que participan desde hace más de 5 años en un grupo de autoayuda que atiende a familias como parte de un proceso de rehabilitación. Resultados: en la familia se reproducen patrones de conducta orientados a ocultar e invisibilizar el problema de la adicción en uno o más de sus miembros, facilitando una dinámica de codependencia que reorienta la dinámica familiar, naturalizando el consumo de sustancias como parte de un proceso adictivo, presente en distintas cohortes generacionales. Conclusiones: las familias pueden heredar la adicción a sus miembros a partir de los patrones de la estructura familiar adictiva.
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McCarrey, John R. "Distinctions between transgenerational and non-transgenerational epimutations." Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 398, no. 1-2 (December 2014): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2014.07.016.

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6

Kalra, Sanjay, Bharti Kalra, AG Unnikrishnan, ManashP Baruah, Deepak Khandelwal, and Yashdeep Gupta. "Transgenerational karma." Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 21, no. 2 (2017): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijem.ijem_7_17.

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7

House, Simon H. "Transgenerational healing." Nutrition and Health 22, no. 1 (January 2013): 9–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106013506666.

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8

SHER, GEORGE. "Transgenerational Compensation." Philosophy Public Affairs 33, no. 2 (March 2005): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1088-4963.2005.00029.x.

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9

Grover, Mathew M., and Timothy G. Jenkins. "Transgenerational Epigenetics." Urologic Clinics of North America 47, no. 2 (May 2020): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ucl.2019.12.010.

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10

Fremland. "Transgenerational Locusts." Wicazo Sa Review 36, no. 2 (2021): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/48770882.

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11

Bakó, Tihamér, and Katalin Zana. "The Vehicle of Transgenerational Trauma: The Transgenerational Atmosphere." American Imago 75, no. 2 (2018): 271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aim.2018.0013.

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12

He, Wenmiao, Aihua Gu, and Dayong Wang. "Sulfonate-Modified Polystyrene Nanoparticle at Precited Environmental Concentrations Induces Transgenerational Toxicity Associated with Increase in Germline Notch Signal of Caenorhabditis elegans." Toxics 11, no. 6 (June 6, 2023): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11060511.

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Recently, the transgenerational toxicity of nanoplastics has received increasing attention. Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model to assess the transgenerational toxicity of different pollutants. In nematodes, the possibility of early-life exposure to sulfonate-modified polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-S NP) causing transgenerational toxicity and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. After exposure at the L1-larval stage, transgenerational inhibition in both locomotion behavior (body bend and head thrash) and reproductive capacity (number of offspring and fertilized egg number in uterus) was induced by 1–100 μg/L PS-S NP. Meanwhile, after exposure to 1–100 μg/L PS-S NP, the expression of germline lag-2 encoding Notch ligand was increased not only at the parental generation (P0-G) but also in the offspring, and the transgenerational toxicity was inhibited by the germline RNA interference (RNAi) of lag-2. During the transgenerational toxicity formation, the parental LAG-2 activated the corresponding Notch receptor GLP-1 in the offspring, and transgenerational toxicity was also suppressed by glp-1 RNAi. GLP-1 functioned in the germline and the neurons to mediate the PS-S NP toxicity. In PS-S NP-exposed nematodes, germline GLP-1 activated the insulin peptides of INS-39, INS-3, and DAF-28, and neuronal GLP-1 inhibited the DAF-7, DBL-1, and GLB-10. Therefore, the exposure risk in inducing transgenerational toxicity through PS-S NP was suggested, and this transgenerational toxicity was mediated by the activation of germline Notch signal in organisms.
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13

Ding, Jingyun, Lingling Zhang, Jiangnan Sun, Dongtao Shi, Xiaomei Chi, Mingfang Yang, Yaqing Chang, and Chong Zhao. "Transgenerational effects of UV-B radiation on egg size, fertilization, hatching and larval size of sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius." PeerJ 7 (August 26, 2019): e7598. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7598.

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Transgenerational effects are important for phenotypic plasticity and adaptation of marine invertebrates in the changing ocean. Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is an increasing threat to marine invertebrates. For the first time, we reported positive and negative transgenerational effects of UV-B radiation on egg size, fertilization, hatchability and larval size of a marine invertebrate. Strongylocentrotus intermedius exposed to UV-B radiation showed positive transgenerational effects and adaptation on egg size, hatching rate and post-oral arm length of larvae. Negative transgenerational effects were found in body length, stomach length and stomach width of larvae whose parents were exposed to UV-B radiation. Sires probably play important roles in transgenerational effects of UV-B. The present study provides valuable information into transgenerational effects of UV-B radiation on fitness related traits of sea urchins (at least Strongylocentrotus intermedius).
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14

Pigeault, R., J. Vézilier, A. Nicot, S. Gandon, and A. Rivero. "Transgenerational effect of infection in Plasmodium- infected mosquitoes." Biology Letters 11, no. 3 (March 2015): 20141025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.1025.

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Transgenerational effects of infection have a huge potential to influence the prevalence and intensity of infections in vectors and, by extension, disease epidemiology. These transgenerational effects may increase the fitness of offspring through the transfer of protective immune factors. Alternatively, however, infected mothers may transfer the costs of infection to their offspring. Although transgenerational immune protection has been described in a dozen invertebrate species, we still lack a complete picture of the incidence and importance of transgenerational effects of infection in most invertebrate groups. The existence of transgenerational infection effects in mosquito vectors is of particular interest because of their potential for influencing parasite prevalence and intensity and, by extension, disease transmission. Here we present what we believe to be the first study on transgenerational infection effects in a mosquito vector infected with malaria parasites. The aim of this experiment was to quantify both the benefits and the costs of having an infected mother. We find no evidence of transgenerational protection in response to a Plasmodium infection. Having an infected mother does, however, entail considerable fecundity costs for the offspring: fecundity loss is three times higher in infected offspring issued from infected mothers than in infected offspring issued from uninfected mothers. We discuss the implications of our results and we call for more studies looking at transgenerational effects of infection in disease vectors.
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15

Song, Mingxuan, Qinli Ruan, and Dayong Wang. "Comparison of Transgenerational Neurotoxicity between Pristine and Amino-Modified Nanoplastics in C. elegans." Toxics 12, no. 8 (July 30, 2024): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics12080555.

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Increasing evidence has suggested that nanoplastic pollution has become a global concern. More importantly, transgenerational toxicity can be induced by nanoplastics at predicted environmentally relevant doses (ERDs). Considering that amino modification could increase nanoplastic toxicity, we compared transgenerational neurotoxicity between pristine polystyrene nanoparticle (PS-NP) and amino-modified PS-NP (NH2-PS-NP) in Caenorhabditis elegans. At 0.1–10 μg/L, NH2-PS-NP caused more severe transgenerational toxicity on locomotion and neuronal development. Accompanied with a difference in transgenerational neuronal damage, compared to PS-NP (10 μg/L), NH2-PS-NP (10 μg/L) induced more severe transgenerational activation of mec-4, crt-1, itr-1, and tra-3, which are required for the induction of neurodegeneration. Moreover, NH2-PS-NP (10 μg/L) caused more severe transgenerational inhibition in expressions of mpk-1, jnk-1, dbl-1, and daf-7 than PS-NP (10 μg/L), and RNA interference (RNAi) of these genes conferred susceptibility to the toxicity of PS-NP and NH2-PS-NP on locomotion and neuronal development. NH2-PS-NP (10 μg/L) further caused more severe transgenerational activation of germline ligand genes (ins-3, ins-39, daf-28, lin-44, egl-17, efn-3, and lag-2) than PS-NP (10 μg/L), and RNAi of these ligand genes caused resistance to the toxicity of PS-NP and NH2-PS-NP on locomotion and neuronal development. Our results highlighted more severe exposure risk of amino-modified nanoplastics at ERDs in causing transgenerational neurotoxicity in organisms.
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16

Fornaro, Antonella. "In Search of Transgenerational Footprints: The Transgenerational Script Questionnaire." Transactional Analysis Journal 49, no. 4 (September 4, 2019): 308–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2019.1650231.

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17

Taouk, L., and J. Schulkin. "Transgenerational transmission of pregestational and prenatal experience: maternal adversity, enrichment, and underlying epigenetic and environmental mechanisms." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 7, no. 6 (August 4, 2016): 588–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174416000416.

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Transgenerational transmission refers to positive and negative adaptations in brain function and behavior that affect following generations. In this paper, empirical findings regarding the transgenerational transmission of maternal adversity during three critical periods – childhood, pregestational adulthood and pregnancy – will be reviewed in terms of pregnancy outcomes, maternal care, offspring behavior and development, and physiological functioning. Research on the transgenerational transmission of enrichment and the implications for interventions to ameliorate the consequences of adversity will also be presented. In the final section, underlying epigenetic and environmental mechanisms that have been proposed to explain how experience is transferred across generations through transgenerational transmission will be reviewed. Directions for future research are suggested throughout.
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18

Crankshaw, Amy Thandeka, and Veronica Melody Dwarika. "Exploring Psychologists’ Interventions for Transgenerational Trauma in South Africa’s Born Free Generation." Trauma Care 3, no. 4 (September 25, 2023): 212–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/traumacare3040020.

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An acknowledgement that the legacy of apartheid lives on in the minds of South Africa’s born free generation necessitates an exploration of psychologists’ interventions for transgenerational trauma. This research aimed to contribute to research on this subject by interviewing South African psychologists with the ultimate objective of assisting professionals who formulate interventions. Firstly, the ways in which psychologists identify transgenerational trauma were explored. This provided a foundation for exploring the psychologists’ interventions for transgenerational trauma and contributed to a discussion of how interventions could be enhanced. Thematic analysis of the semistructured interviews revealed that stuckness paired with guilt, grief resulting from silence and certain manifestations of identity and relationship issues are identifiers of transgenerational trauma. The findings also pointed to the utility of certain approaches to individual, group, family and community interventions. Recommendations for enhancing psychologists’ interventions for transgenerational trauma in Gauteng’s born free generation revealed the imperative for psychologists to actively engage in professional and personal growth, predicated on the complexity of the challenges within.
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19

Liu, Zhifei, Xuefeng Zhou, Qiuli Wu, Yunli Zhao, and Dayong Wang. "Crucial role of intestinal barrier in the formation of transgenerational toxicity in quantum dot exposed nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans." RSC Advances 5, no. 114 (2015): 94257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra16805h.

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20

Nelson, Vicki R., and Joseph H. Nadeau. "Transgenerational genetic effects." Epigenomics 2, no. 6 (December 2010): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/epi.10.57.

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21

Sandu, Antonio. "Transgenerational Genogram Analysis." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (September 2, 2022): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenss/11.1/64.

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The genogram technique was developed by Muray Bowen (1993) within the Family Systems Theory, based on studies in which transgenerational aspects within the family were followed. The cited author states that family problems are transmitted from one generation to another, subjects tending to reproduce behaviors that they learned socially from their ancestors (Zamoșteanu, n.d., pp. 23-25). The genogram (or family tree) is a method that can be helpful in understanding family dynamics and has also been used with adoptive and foster families.
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22

Luft, Friedrich C. "Epigenetic “Transgenerational” Inheritance." Circulation 146, no. 14 (October 4, 2022): 1096–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.122.061794.

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23

Attar, Naomi. "Transgenerational missing taxa." Nature Reviews Microbiology 14, no. 3 (February 1, 2016): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.11.

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24

Ballard, Mary B., Laura Fazio-Griffith, and Reshelle Marino. "Transgenerational Family Therapy." Family Journal 24, no. 2 (February 2, 2016): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480716628564.

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25

Nelson, Thorana S. "Transgenerational Family Therapy." Journal of Family Psychotherapy 1, no. 1 (June 14, 1990): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j085v01n01_04.

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26

Picton, H. M., and A. H. Balen. "Transgenerational PCOS transmission." Nature Medicine 25, no. 12 (December 2019): 1818–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0678-x.

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27

de la Rocha, Carmen, Silvio Zaina, and Gertrud Lund. "Reprogramming transgenerational programming." Current Opinion in Lipidology 26, no. 6 (December 2015): 603–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mol.0000000000000245.

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28

Aiken, Catherine E., and Susan E. Ozanne. "Transgenerational developmental programming." Human Reproduction Update 20, no. 1 (September 29, 2013): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmt043.

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29

Skinner, Michael K. "Epigenetic transgenerational inheritance." Nature Reviews Endocrinology 12, no. 2 (November 20, 2015): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2015.206.

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30

Waldron, Denise. "Regulating transgenerational epigenetics." Nature Reviews Genetics 17, no. 6 (April 12, 2016): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg.2016.51.

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31

Giannini, James, and Daniel T. Wick. "Transgenerational Authenticity Measurement." Psychological Reports 119, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294116656913.

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The authors examined their previously published studies of transgenerational authenticity in a Japanese cohort (Ito, Horikoshi, & Kodama). In the previous paper, the authors addressed semantic and semiotic concerns. In this paper, design flaws and statistical flaws are examined.
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32

Watson, Norine, and Lucille Pulliam. "Transgenerational Health Promotion." Holistic Nursing Practice 14, no. 4 (July 2000): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004650-200007000-00004.

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33

Rakyan, Vardhman, and Emma Whitelaw. "Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance." Current Biology 13, no. 1 (January 2003): R6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01377-5.

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34

Quadrana, Leandro, and Vincent Colot. "Plant Transgenerational Epigenetics." Annual Review of Genetics 50, no. 1 (November 23, 2016): 467–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-035254.

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35

Bošković, Ana, and Oliver J. Rando. "Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance." Annual Review of Genetics 52, no. 1 (November 23, 2018): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031404.

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Inheritance of genomic DNA underlies the vast majority of biological inheritance, yet it has been clear for decades that additional epigenetic information can be passed on to future generations. Here, we review major model systems for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance via the germline in multicellular organisms. In addition to surveying examples of epivariation that may arise stochastically or in response to unknown stimuli, we also discuss the induction of heritable epigenetic changes by genetic or environmental perturbations. Mechanistically, we discuss the increasingly well-understood molecular pathways responsible for epigenetic inheritance, with a focus on the unusual features of the germline epigenome.
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36

Youngson, Neil A., and Emma Whitelaw. "Transgenerational Epigenetic Effects." Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 9, no. 1 (September 2008): 233–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164445.

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37

Ney, Philip G. "Transgenerational child abuse." Child Psychiatry & Human Development 18, no. 3 (1988): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00709728.

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38

Moldawsky Silber, Laurel. "Ghostbusting Transgenerational Processes." Psychoanalytic Dialogues 22, no. 1 (January 2012): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2012.646618.

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39

Hrydkovets, Liudmyla. "EMDR therapy of transgenerational trauma activated in war conditions." PSICOBIETTIVO, no. 3 (December 2022): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psob2022-003005.

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The article presents the results of studies that show the impact of traumatic experiences of previous generations on the mental health of descendants. The specifics of transgenerational transmissions in conditions of historical trauma (especially war) are considered. The specifics of the effects of transgenerational trauma on the individual are revealed, which are determined by the nature of the historical trauma/traumatic event, the duration of the historical trauma/traumatic event, and the specifics of rehabilitation processes to overcome the consequences of the historical trauma/traumatic event. The article presents the approach and stages of EMDR therapy in overcoming the consequences of activation of transgenerational trauma in the traumatic conditions of military operations. Additional auxiliary actions have been determined to consolidate the positive result of EMDR therapy when working with transgenerational traumas.
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40

Thomsen, Tamara, Nora Lessing, and Werner Greve. "Transgenerationale Emotionsregulation." Kindheit und Entwicklung 26, no. 1 (January 2017): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000211.

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Zusammenfassung. Die Entwicklung von Strategien zur Emotionsregulation ist eine zentrale Entwicklungsaufgabe im Kindesalter, da insbesondere funktionale Strategien mit weniger Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Zusammenhang stehen. Noch immer ist jedoch nicht hinreichend geklärt, welche Faktoren zu ihrer Entwicklung beitragen – eine zentrale Rolle scheinen dabei die Eltern zu spielen. In einer Studie mit 98 Kindern (3 bis 6 Jahre) und je einem Elternteil wird untersucht, inwieweit elterliche und kindliche ER-Strategien zusammenhängen, welche Rolle verschiedene Indikatoren des emotionalen Familienklimas dabei spielen und in welchem Zusammenhang diese mit kindlichen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten stehen. Pfadanalysen zeigen, dass negative Familienklimafaktoren nicht nur ungünstig mit (der Übertragung von) kindlichen, funktionalen Strategien, sondern auch mit einer gesunden Entwicklung in Verbindung stehen. Ein günstiges Familienklima scheint hingegen keinen ausdrücklich förderlichen Einfluss zu haben.
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Zhao, Yue, Xin Hua, Qian Bian, and Dayong Wang. "Nanoplastic Exposure at Predicted Environmental Concentrations Induces Activation of Germline Ephrin Signal Associated with Toxicity Formation in the Caenorhabditis elegans Offspring." Toxics 10, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110699.

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In nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) at predicted environmental concentrations can cause induction of transgenerational toxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms for toxicity formation of PS-NP in the offspring remain largely unknown. In this study, based on high-throughput sequencing, Ephrin ligand EFN-3 was identified as a target of KSR-1/2 (two kinase suppressors of Ras) in the germline during the control of transgenerational PS-NP toxicity. At parental generation (P0-G), exposure to 0.1–10 μg/L PS-NP caused the increase in expression of germline efn-3, and this increase in germline efn-3 expression could be further detected in the offspring, such as F1-G and F2-G. Germline RNAi of efn-3 caused a resistance to transgenerational PS-NP toxicity, suggesting that the activation of germline EFN-3 at P0-G mediated transgenerational PS-NP toxicity. In the offspring, Ephrin receptor VAB-1 was further activated by the increased EFN-3 caused by PS-NP exposure at P0-G, and RNAi of vab-1 also resulted in resistance to transgenerational PS-NP toxicity. VAB-1 acted in both the neurons and the germline to control toxicity of PS-NP in the offspring. In the neurons, VAB-1 regulated PS-NP toxicity by suppressing expressions of DBL-1, JNK-1, MPK-1, and GLB-10. In the germline, VAB-1 regulated PS-NP toxicity by increasing NDK-1 and LIN-23 expressions and decreasing EGL-1 expression. Therefore, germline Ephrin ligand EFN-3 and its receptor VAB-1 acted together to mediate the formation of transgenerational PS-NP toxicity. Our data highlight the important role of activation in germline Ephrin signals in mediating transgenerational toxicity of nanoplastics at predicted environmental concentrations in organisms.
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42

Pigeault, R., R. Garnier, A. Rivero, and S. Gandon. "Evolution of transgenerational immunity in invertebrates." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1839 (September 28, 2016): 20161136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1136.

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Over a decade ago, the discovery of transgenerational immunity in invertebrates shifted existing paradigms on the lack of sophistication of their immune system. Nonetheless, the prevalence of this trait and the ecological factors driving its evolution in invertebrates remain poorly understood. Here, we develop a theoretical host–parasite model and predict that long lifespan and low dispersal should promote the evolution of transgenerational immunity. We also predict that in species that produce both philopatric and dispersing individuals, it may pay to have a plastic allocation strategy with a higher transgenerational immunity investment in philopatric offspring because they are more likely to encounter locally adapted pathogens. We review all experimental studies published to date, comprising 21 invertebrate species in nine different orders, and we show that, as expected, longevity and dispersal correlate with the transfer of immunity to offspring. The validity of our prediction regarding the plasticity of investment in transgenerational immunity remains to be tested in invertebrates, but also in vertebrate species. We discuss the implications of our work for the study of the evolution of immunity, and we suggest further avenues of research to expand our knowledge of the impact of transgenerational immune protection in host–parasite interactions.
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43

Podjasek, Joshua O., Lisa M. Bosnjak, Daniel J. Brooker, and Edward B. Mondor. "Alarm pheromone induces a transgenerational wing polyphenism in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 1138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-108.

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In response to increased predation risk, many organisms exhibit transgenerational polyphenisms whereby offspring have behavioural and (or) morphological adaptations to avoid natural enemies. The mechanisms underlying altered phenotypic expression, however, are not well understood. Aphids commonly exhibit a transgenerational wing-induction polyphenism in response to predators and parasitoids, but the stimuli inducing winged offspring production have not yet been identified. As aphids commonly emit the alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene (EBF) when physically attacked, this compound is a reliable signal of increased predation risk for asexual conspecifics. Here we show that maternal detection of EBF induces a transgenerational wing polyphenism in offspring of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776). In response to 50, 500, or 5000 ng of EBF vapor, aphids responded with 2.5-, 5.0-, and 6.0-fold increases in winged offspring production, respectively. Thus, alarm pheromone may alter aphid transgenerational phenotypic expression, thereby influencing aphid – natural enemy dynamics.
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44

Andina, Tiziana, and Fausto Corvino. "Transgenerational Social Structures and Fictional Actors: Community-Based Responsibility for Future Generations." Monist 106, no. 2 (April 1, 2023): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/monist/onad004.

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Abstract The notion of transgenerational community is usually based on two diachronic interactions. The first interaction consists of present generations taking up the legacy (not only economic, but also institutional, artistic, cultural, and so forth) of past generations and giving it continuity, exercising a form of active agency. The second interaction occurs when present generations pass on their legacy to future generations. This is supposed to expand the boundaries of the community in a transgenerational sense (both backward- and forward-looking). In this article we argue that the transgenerational community can be grounded on a different ontological insight: future generations play the role of fictional actors for present generations, i.e., present generations entertain a present-time interaction with future generations, insofar as future generations are functional for the realization of transgenerational actions. This lays the foundations for more solid community-based bonds of intergenerational justice.
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45

Walsh, Matthew R., Frank Cooley, Kelsey Biles, and Stephan B. Munch. "Predator-induced phenotypic plasticity within- and across-generations: a challenge for theory?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1798 (January 7, 2015): 20142205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2205.

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Much work has shown that the environment can induce non-genetic changes in phenotype that span multiple generations. Theory predicts that predictable environmental variation selects for both increased within- and across-generation responses. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, there are no empirical tests of this prediction. We explored the relationship between within- versus across-generation plasticity by evaluating the influence of predator cues on the life-history traits of Daphnia ambigua . We measured the duration of predator-induced transgenerational effects, determined when transgenerational responses are induced, and quantified the cues that activate transgenerational plasticity. We show that predator exposure during embryonic development causes earlier maturation and increased reproductive output. Such effects are detectable two generations removed from predator exposure and are similar in magnitude in response to exposure to cues emitted by injured conspecifics. Moreover, all experimental contexts and traits yielded a negative correlation between within- versus across-generation responses. That is, responses to predator cues within- and across-generations were opposite in sign and magnitude. Although many models address transgenerational plasticity, none of them explain this apparent negative relationship between within- and across-generation plasticities. Our results highlight the need to refine the theory of transgenerational plasticity.
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46

Starrs, Danswell, Jacqueline T. Davis, Jodie Schlaefer, Brendan C. Ebner, Stephen M. Eggins, and Christopher J. Fulton. "Maternally transmitted isotopes and their effects on larval fish: a validation of dual isotopic marks within a meta-analysis context." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, no. 3 (March 2014): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0416.

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Transgenerational marking enables mass-marking of larval fishes via transmission of enriched stable isotopes from mother to offspring, but potential impacts on the resultant progeny are poorly understood. We injected enriched stable isotopes (137Ba and87Sr) into female purple-spotted gudgeon, Mogurnda adspersa, to produce multiple batch markers and examined larval morphology at hatch as well as survival and growth to 31 days posthatch in marked and unmarked offspring. Transgenerational marking had minimal effects on larval growth and survival, whereas body depth at hatch was significantly reduced in marked larvae. A meta-analysis of transgenerational marking effects on larval morphology at hatch and growth rates across multiple fish species found a nonsignificant positive effect of enriched stable barium isotopes on larval morphology at hatch, but a significant negative effect on growth. There were no significant effects of strontium on morphology or growth. Meta-regression analysis revealed that larval size at hatch increased with the dose of injected stable barium isotopes, but this result should be interpreted cautiously. Because of high levels of between-study heterogeneity, we caution against assuming there are no effects of transgenerational marking on fish offspring; any such effects should be validated and incorporated into transgenerational marking studies of fish dispersal.
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47

Liu, Zhengying, Yuxing Wang, Qian Bian, and Dayong Wang. "Transgenerational Response of Germline Nuclear Hormone Receptor Genes to Nanoplastics at Predicted Environmental Doses in Caenorhabditis elegans." Toxics 12, no. 6 (June 7, 2024): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics12060420.

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Transgenerational nanoplastic toxicity could be detected in Caenorhabditis elegans after exposure at the parental generation (P0-G); however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We aimed to examine the role of germline nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) in controlling the transgenerational toxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) based on gene expression screening and functional analysis. Among germline NHR genes, daf-12, nhr-14, and nhr-47 expressions were increased and nhr-12 expression was decreased by PS-NPs (1 and 10 μg/L). Transgenerational alterations in expressions of these four NHR genes were also induced by PS-NPs (1 and 10 μg/L). RNAi of daf-12, nhr-14, and nhr-47 caused resistance, whereas RNAi of nhr-12 conferred susceptibility to transgenerational PS-NP toxicity. After PS-NP exposure, expressions of ins-3, daf-28, and ins-39 encoding insulin ligands, efn-3 encoding Ephrin ligand, and lin-44 encoding Wnt ligand, as well as expressions of their receptor genes (daf-2, vab-1, and/or mig-1), were dysregulated by the RNAi of daf-12, nhr-14, nhr-47, and nhr-12. Therefore, alteration in certain germline NHRs could mediate the induction of transgenerational nanoplastic toxicity by affecting secreted ligands and their receptors in the offspring of exposed organisms.
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48

Zellweger, Thomas Markus, Robert S. Nason, and Mattias Nordqvist. "From Longevity of Firms to Transgenerational Entrepreneurship of Families." Family Business Review 25, no. 2 (November 7, 2011): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486511423531.

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Whereas existing research on the longevity of family firms has focused on the survival of firms, this article investigates transgenerational entrepreneurship of families. By building on the transgenerational entrepreneurship research framework, the authors argue that by shifting from firm to family level of analysis, one gains a deeper understanding of family firms’ ability to create value across generations. The authors find evidence for their argument in that such a level shift reveals extended entrepreneurial activity, which is missed when focusing exclusively on the firm level. The study introduces and empirically explores the construct of family entrepreneurial orientation, which may serve as an antecedent to transgenerational value creation by families.
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49

Lytvynenko, Olga, and Olha Tereshchenko. "Working with transgeneretional trauma in Positive and Transcultural Psychotherapy." Global Psychotherapist 4, no. 2 (July 8, 2024): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52982/lkj234.

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The entire history of both humanity and an individual is a series of traumatic events, each of which leaves its mark on the psyche of a person and society. The article describes modern approaches to the definition of transgenerational trauma, how it is formed in the past generation and transmitted to the next. Currently, positive and transcultural psychotherapy requires more research on the impact of macrotraumatic events as is transmitted through generations. In this study, we present the author's theoretical model of transgenerational traumatic experience transmission in the framework of Positive Psychotherapy and propose the definition of basic transgenerational conflict as a type of basic conflict in Positive Pscyhotherapy.
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50

Erlanger, Mary A., and Jeannette R. Kramer. "Family Interfaces: Transgenerational Patterns." Journal of Marriage and the Family 47, no. 3 (August 1985): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/352289.

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