Journal articles on the topic 'Transgender people – Social aspects – Turkey'
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1
Lara, L., A. Romão, M. Santos, A. Giami, M. Sá, R. Ferriani, and M. Lerri. "Clinical and Emotional Aspects of Transgender People." Klinička psihologija 9, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.21465/2016-kp-p-0013.
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Objective: Our aim was to assess clinical characteristics and the rates of attempting suicide in subjects with gender dysphoria (GD). Design and Method: This is a cross-sectional study of adults with GD. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A Psychologist performed an individual semi-structured audio-recorded interview to obtain data on sociodemographics (schooling, occupation, professional activity, family income, marital status, place of residence, living partner, type of dwelling, and religion), life habits, marital status, social experience, prevalence of suicide attempts, and history of psychological and psychiatric treatment. Results: Forty-four subjects participated: 36(82%) trans-women and 8(18%) trans-men. GD patients had a high prevalence of anxiety 43(98%), 36(100%) of trans-women and 7(87.5%) of trans-men and depression 36(82%), 29(80.5%) of trans-women and 7(87.5%) of trans-men. A total of 32(73%) subjects attempted suicide. Subjects living with partners, parents, or others had a lower prevalence of depression than those living alone (p=0.03), and subjects who were married had a lower prevalence of depression than those who were dating or single (p=0.03). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of attempted suicide in this sample. Anxiety and depression were common in patients with GD who were undergoing sex reassignment treatment. The lower prevalence of depression in married patients and in those living with partners, parents, or others suggests that an affective relationship provides emotional support for these subjects. Thus, improving the relationship status may reduce the prevalence of depressive symptoms in GD patients. Paraphilias: D. Sendler, M. Lew-Starowicz: Online forums allow pedophiles to redeem their sins: A qualitative evaluation of pedophilic traits among internet users.
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Fernández-Rouco, Noelia, Rodrigo Carcedo, Félix López, and M. Orgaz. "Mental Health and Proximal Stressors in Transgender Men and Women." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8030413.
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This paper explores the subjective perception of some personal and interpersonal aspects of the lives of transgender people and the relationship they have with their mental health. One hundred and twenty transgender people (60 men and 60 women) participated in semi-structured interviews. Following quantitative methodology, analysis highlighted that social loneliness is the main predictor of lower levels of mental health (anxiety and depression) for both genders and recognized romantic loneliness as the strongest factor among transgender men. In both cases, higher levels of loneliness were associated with lower levels of mental health. The results have guided us to improve institutional and social responses and have provided an opportunity to promote the mental health of transgender people.
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Shelton, Jama, and Lynden Bond. "“It Just Never Worked Out”: How Transgender and Gender Expansive Youth Understand their Pathways into Homelessness." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 98, no. 4 (October 2017): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.2017.98.33.
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Many transgender and gender-expansive young people live outside of mainstream society, due to structural barriers that limit access to employment, health care, education, and public accommodations, as well as prejudice and discrimination within their families and communities. These structural barriers can be understood as cisgenderism. Though a growing body of research examines lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth homelessness, gaps in knowledge about the specific experiences of transgender and gender-expansive homeless youth remain. This phenomenological qualitative investigation explored aspects of transgender and gender-expansive youth's experiences related to homelessness. This article focuses on participants' understanding of their pathways into homelessness.
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Keegan, Cáel M. "On the Necessity of Bad Trans Objects." Film Quarterly 75, no. 3 (2022): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2022.75.3.26.
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Despite newly affirming images of transgender people proliferating across US visual media, there has been a concomitant rise in anti-transgender attitudes, transphobic legislation, and trans antagonistic violence. The assumption that more and better images of transgender people are key to achieving transgender equality strains under the weight of an emerging contradiction: “good” representation does not necessarily mean reduced social or political antagonism for transgender people. Rather, the emergence of “good” (i.e. marketable) trans media objects illustrates how the most politically challenging aspects of transgender identification are increasingly forced outside the horizon of representability. This essay turns away from “good” transgender representations and toward an archive of recently canceled “bad” transgender media objects, offering new assessments of their unexpected value. Claiming badness as a trans property that must be embraced to achieve sex and gender liberation, it defends bad trans objects as unrecognized sources of transformative potential.
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Walsh, Reubs, and Gillian Einstein. "Transgender embodiment: a feminist, situated neuroscience perspective." Positive non-binary and / or genderqueer sexual ethics and politics, Special Issue 2020 (September 2, 2020): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/insep.si2020.04.
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The policing of boundaries of acceptable sexual identities and behaviour is a recurring theme in numerous marginalities. Gender (especially womanhood) is often instantiated socially through the harms to which members of that gender are subjected. For transgender people, the assumption that genitals define gender translates the ubiquitous misapprehension that genitals and sex are binary into an assumption that gender must also be binary. This circumscribes the potentiality of cultural intelligibility for trans gender identities, and may interfere with the ability of transgender people to select the most appropriate medical and social means of expressing their authentic identities, even altering what is possible or appropriate, thereby curtailing trans people’s authenticity and freedom. We therefore distinguish social from bodily aspects of gender dysphoria, proposing a model of their distinct, intersecting origins. We explore ways in which transgender medicine reflects aspects of other gendered surgeries, proposing a biopsychosocial understanding of embodiment, including influences of culture on the neurological representation of the body in the somatosensory cortex. This framework proposes that cultural cissexism, causes trans people to experience (neuro)physiological damage, creating or exacerbating the need for medical transition within a framework of individual autonomy. Our social-constructionist feminist neuroscientific account of gendered embodiment highlights the medical necessity of bodily autonomy for trans people seeking surgery or other biomedical interventions, and the ethical burden therein.
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Chumakov, Egor M., Nataliia N. Petrova, Yulia V. Ashenbrenner, Larisa A. Azarova, and Oleg V. Limankin. "Social and medical practices of gender transition in Russia." Neurology Bulletin LIV, no. 1 (April 11, 2022): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb97274.
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AIM. To examine the social and medical aspects of gender transition practices in Russia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. An anonymous online survey of people living in Russia whose gender experience differed from the sex marker determined at birth was conducted. The final sample consisted of 588 respondents (aged 24.016.70), of whom 69.9% (n=409) were transgender male, 23.1% (n=136) were transgender female, and 7.3% (n=43) had a different gender identity.
RESULTS. There was a high frequency of social disadaptation among respondents (15.5% of the sample). Most respondents first reflected that their gender identity did not match their sex at birth and/or did not fit into the social framework during childhood or adolescence, with a peak at age 1114 (39.8% of the entire sample). The age at which respondents began gender transition was overwhelmingly after adulthood, with a peak at age 1825 (32.0% of the entire sample). More than half of the respondents (59.4%) who had medical body changes associated with gender transition initiated them on their own. Less than half of the respondents who were on hormone therapy (41.0%) had been monitored by an endocrinologist. The study showed a large proportion of people who already had medical body changes but had not changed sex marker on their IDs, with transgender women having the largest rate in this indicator.
CONCLUSION. The data obtained determine the relevance of developing a system of specialized medical care for transgender people with essential destigmatizing psychotherapeutic and psychiatric care for these people, as well as emphasize the need to study the availability of medical (psychiatric) care for transgender people living in Russia.
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Sarı, Özgür. "LGBTTQ Movements in Turkey: The People Living in “Other Side”." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 3 (January 21, 2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i3.p78-83.
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As well as all around the World, in Turkey, non-heterosexual (lesbian, bisexual, gay, transsexual, transgender, quir) oriented movements and identities are much more visible in public sphere. For LGBTTQ people, to be more visible in the public sphere, to manipulate policies and public opinion, to give voice for their freedom and rights, NGOs and initiatives based on sexual orientation out of hegemonic sexual identity have been improving rapidly in the World. Parallel to the global rise, in Turkey LGBTTQ movements and NGOs are more and more active today as a new social movement. In the parameters behind the development of LGBTTQ movements, totally eight LGBTTQ NGOs are active in Turkey’s cities Istanbul, Ankara, İzmir, Eskişehir and Diyarbakır. To transform the heterosexist, patriarchal and militarist public sphere in Turkey, the LGBTTQ NGOs prepare some activities, demonstrations and the most famous one “Istanbul Pride”. In this study, their propaganda techniques, media tools, projects to effect public opinion, and their relations to other NGOs and initiatives are seen as typically the items of new social movements. Behind the rise of sexual oriented social movements, the decline of national identities, the dissolution of citizenship, class identities and the decline of identities based on production relations play crucial roles.
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Bizic, Marta R., Milos Jeftovic, Slavica Pusica, Borko Stojanovic, Dragana Duisin, Svetlana Vujovic, Vojin Rakic, and Miroslav L. Djordjevic. "Gender Dysphoria: Bioethical Aspects of Medical Treatment." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 13, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9652305.
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Gender affirmation surgery remains one of the greatest challenges in transgender medicine. In recent years, there have been continuous discussions on bioethical aspects in the treatment of persons with gender dysphoria. Gender reassignment is a difficult process, including not only hormonal treatment with possible surgery but also social discrimination and stigma. There is a great variety between countries in specified tasks involved in gender reassignment, and a complex combination of medical treatment and legal paperwork is required in most cases. The most frequent bioethical questions in transgender medicine pertain to the optimal treatment of adolescents, sterilization as a requirement for legal recognition, role of fertility and parenthood, and regret after gender reassignment. We review the recent literature with respect to any new information on bioethical aspects related to medical treatment of people with gender dysphoria.
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de Castro-Peraza, Maria-Elisa, Jesús Manuel García-Acosta, Naira Delgado-Rodriguez, Maria Inmaculada Sosa-Alvarez, Rosa Llabrés-Solé, Carla Cardona-Llabrés, and Nieves Doria Lorenzo-Rocha. "Biological, Psychological, Social, and Legal Aspects of Trans Parenthood Based on a Real Case—A Literature Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060925.
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Trans men are people who, based on their genitals, were assigned the status of female at birth. However, their identity and their way of living gender do not correspond to the socially established norms. In this paper, we discuss the different perspectives in relation to transgender people and their desire for parenthood. This review, and the basis of this paper, is inspired by the case of a trans man who desired gestation with his own genetic material. He began the cycle of assisted reproduction when he was a legally recognized woman, but that attempt ended with a miscarriage. From that assisted reproduction cycle, four embryos remained frozen. After the failed experience of gestation, the person completed his transition. Now legally a man, he attempted to gestate using his reproductive organs. This literature review aimed to identify relevant studies describing the relationship between transgender person and biological parenthood. This study comprehensively addresses important aspects one should know when considering a transgender pregnancy. These factors include biological, psychological, social, and legal issues. After reviewing the state-of-the-art information on trans parenthood, the main conclusion is that ‘the desire to have a child is not a male or female desire but a human desire’.
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Zengin, Aslı. "The Afterlife of Gender: Sovereignty, Intimacy and Muslim Funerals of Transgender People in Turkey." Cultural Anthropology 34, no. 1 (February 22, 2019): 78–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca34.1.09.
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Family and sexual/gender difference play significant roles in the organization of Sunni Muslim rituals of death, practices of mourning, and discourses of grief in Turkey. In these ritual practices, family members hold obligations and rights to the deceased, including washing, shrouding, burying, and praying for the body. These funeral practices represent the dead body in strictly gendered ways. However, when the deceased is a transgender person, his/her/their body can open a social field for negotiation and contestation of sexual and gender difference among religious, medico-legal, familial, and LGBTQ actors. Addressing the multiplicity of such struggles and claims over the deceased body of transgender persons, this article presents a mortuary ethnography that is formed through entanglements between Islamic notions of embodiment, familial order, gender and sexuality regimes, and legal regulations around death in Turkey. Rather than taking sex, gender, and sexual difference as given categories, I address them as a social field of constant and emergent contestation, which in turn marks the gendered and sexual limits of belonging in regimes of belief, family, kinship, and citizenship, and in practices of mourning and grief. I argue that death at the thresholds of sexual and gender regimes presents a space to discover novel connections between sovereignty and intimacy and to examine their coconstitution through the registers of violence endured by the gendered/sexed body.
Özet
Aile ve (toplumsal) cinsiyet farklılığı Türkiye’deki Sünni Müslüman cenaze gelenek ve adetlerinde, yas tutma pratiklerinde ve acı söylemlerinde önemli rol oynar. Cenazeyi yıkamak, kefenlemek, toprağa vermek ve cenaze için dua etmek gibi pratikler ailenin ölen mensubuna karşı sahip olduğu sorumluluk ve haklardan bazılarıdır. Bu pratikler ölen kişiyi katı bir cinsiyet ikiliği içerisinde temsil eder. Fakat ölen kişi bir trans birey ise, ölü bedenin cinsiyeti din, tıp, hukuk, aile ve LGBTQ çevreleri arasında çatışma ve müzakere alanına dönüşebilmektedir. Bu makale ölü trans bedenlerin açtığı bu çoklu hak ve mücadele alanına değinerek, Türkiye’deki İslami beden tasavvuru, aile düzeni, cinsellik ve toplumsal cinsiyet nizamı ve ölümle ilgili hukuki düzenlenmeler sarmalında oluşan bir ölüm etnografisi sunmaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyet ve cinsellik kategorilerini sorgusuz sualsiz kabul etmek yerine, onların sürekli müzakereye tabi olan ve yeni müzakerelere yol açan toplumsal bir alan olduğunu ve böylece kişilerin din, aile, akrabalık ve vatandaşlık ilişkileri, yas ve acı pratikleri içerisindeki aidiyetliklerinin sınırlarını devamlı çizdiklerini tartışıyorum. Cinsellik ve (toplumsal) cinsiyet düzeninin çeperlerinde gerçekleşen ölümün egemenlik ve mahremiyet/yakınlık arasında kurulan ilişkiyi bizlere yeni şekillerde görme imkanı açtığını ve şiddetin cinsiyetlendirilmiş beden üzerindeki kaydına bakarak ikisinin birbirini karşılıklı olarak nasıl kurduğunu anlayacağımızı iddia ediyorum.
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Sebastião, Thaís Fernandes, Ana Carolina Constantini, and Maria de Fátima de Campos Françozo. "Transgender women." Distúrbios da Comunicação 34, no. 3 (December 2, 2022): e54938. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2176-2724.2022v34i3e54938.
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Introduction: the transgender woman, a person who identifies and performs in femininity, has increasingly looked for vocal therapy due to gender incongruence. Objective: to know the experiences and perceptions of these women about health, gender dysphoria, voice and society, to identify possible triggering factors of their discomforts and reflect on the speech therapy performance in this context, since health, in a broad view, is biopsychosocial, while voice, is a subjective construction. Method: Cross-sectional qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews. Participants were found by the snowball technique and evaluation of the data was obtained by content analysis. Results: participants from the State of São Paulo, most of them study and/or work. They use hormones unsupervised due to the urgency of aligning with their gender identity. Negative social experiences generate discomfort and insecurity, showing that the other’s point of view impairs self-perception. Thus, they seek passability to avoid harassment. The voice was seen as a trigger to have their bodies and gender questioned, and vocal therapy is seen as positive, for working on vocal potentialities, self-perception, and self-acceptance. Having peer support and positive transgender references provide greater self-confidence, acceptance, and reassurance in gender confirmation. Final considerations: psychosocial aspects, cisheteronormativity and demands of transgender people should be considered in transgender health care, including vocal therapy, as well as discussion about the demands of this public should be proposed in society in order to promote health and inclusion to this population.
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Slagstad, Ketil. "Society as Cause and Cure: The Norms of Transgender Social Medicine." Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 45, no. 3 (June 22, 2021): 456–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11013-021-09727-4.
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AbstractThis article analyzes how trans health was negotiated on the margins of psychiatry from the late 1970s and early 1980s. In this period, a new model of medical transition was established for trans people in Norway. Psychiatrists and other medical doctors as well as psychologists and social workers with a special interest and training in social medicine created a new diagnostic and therapeutic regime in which the social aspects of transitioning took center stage. The article situates this regime in a long Norwegian tradition of social medicine, including the important political role of social medicine in the creation of the postwar welfare state and its scope of addressing and changing the societal structures involved in disease. By using archival material, medical records and oral history interviews with former patients and health professionals, I demonstrate how social aspects not only underpinned diagnostic evaluations but were an integral component of the entire therapeutic regime. Sex reassignment became an integrative way of imagining and practicing psychiatry as social medicine. The article specifically unpacks the social element of these diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in trans medicine. Because the locus of intervention and treatment remained the individual, an approach with subversive potential ended up reproducing the norms that caused illness in the first place: “the social” became a conformist tool to help the patient integrate, adjust to and transform the pathology-producing forces of society.
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Yagubov, M. I., E. A. Starostina, N. V. Dobaeva, and M. A. Ichmelyan. "Gender Incongruence: clinical, psychological and therapeutic aspects." Medical Herald of the South of Russia 13, no. 3 (July 11, 2022): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-3-21-31.
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Recently, the issues of violations of gender identity are becoming more relevant and discussed, the number of patients with a request for a sex change is increasing. The complexity of this issue requires clinicians to be competent in helping transgender people, as they sometimes face many obstacles in the way of receiving care in medical institutions: the lack of specialists in the regions, a clear algorithm for helping transgender people, discrimination, stigmatization, and financial difficulties. At the same time, there are more and more foreign studies devoted to "detransition", i.e. "reverse" gender reassignment, which may indicate existing problems in the diagnosis of these conditions and methods of providing medical care to patients with gender identity disorders. The most difficult issues when working with patients experiencing gender dysphoria, in addition to identifying the true causes of gender identity disorders, are the preservation of fertility after gender-affirmative interventions, possible regrets after operations, and the provision of medical care to minors. Changes in the classification of gender disorders, including the exclusion of transsexualism from the class of mental disorders, creates the basis for discussions about the clinical, psychopathological and phenomenological features of these conditions. The scientific review provides information on the clinical and psychological aspects of gender identity disorders, as well as on therapeutic interventions for individuals with this pathology, using a multidisciplinary approach. Certain stages of the provision of medical and social assistance are described to reduce risks and more successful, professional assistance to persons with a gender incongruence.
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Little, Maddie. "Is banning conversion therapy enough?" Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 34, no. 1 (May 17, 2022): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss1id933.
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The practice of conversion therapy and lack of access to gender-affirming healthcare is a significant health issue in Aotearoa New Zealand. Recently introduced legislation has sparked media coverage of the need for a ban of conversion therapy, with the current Labour government acknowledging that it causes harm and is linked to serious mental health issues. A literature search was conducted to understand what information is available in Aotearoa New Zealand, and internationally, regarding conversion therapy and access to gender-affirming healthcare. The findings reported here exemplify that, despite this practice presenting a significant health issue for transgender and non-binary people, the topic is significantly under- researched in Aotearoa New Zealand, particularly in the social work field. The following article considers the health, political, legal, and religious aspects of conversion therapy and access to gender affirming healthcare in existing literature, making recommendations for future social work research investment to better advocate for and support transgender and non-binary people.
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Shen, Yuanyuan. "The Formation of the Generational Difference in Social Cognition of Homosexuality: A Case Study of Mainland China." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (February 7, 2023): 1572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4523.
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In mainland China, approximately 70 million LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) people are existing in society. In a predominantly heterosexual Chinese society, homosexual people are often treated with discrimination and prejudice. The perception of homosexuality also varies greatly by different age groups. These differences are generated by multiple social factors. This paper first uses semi-structured interviews to summarize the differences in perceptions of homosexuality among people of different age groups (young generation, middle-aged generation, old generation) from two perspectives (substantive identity and outward expression). Next, the paper analyzes the reasons for these differences in three major aspects: history, culture, and politics. Finally, this paper also looks into the future direction of homosexuality perceptions in China and offers practical advice and expectations from different aspects. The paper is hoped to promote greater acceptance and tolerance of homosexuals in Chinese society and practical measures taken by governments to create a homosexual-friendly society.
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Garncarek, Emilia. "Editorial: Gender Perspective in Social Research: Chosen Problems, Aspects, and Contexts." Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej 16, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.16.1.01.
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This volume Society and Gender: Contemporary Issues and Research Perspectives, is a reflection of dynamically developing gender studies in the Polish social sciences. The first part of the introduction shows that gender/gender perspective has become one of the basic and essential cognitive category to understand the social world at its various levels, has also universal and widespread structural and stratification meaning. The second part of the introduction presents six articles that show all the richness and complexity of gender perspective in social research. The contributions are devoted to the issues connected with the media images of masculinity; the critical reflection on contemporary Polish television series, in particular the ways they tackle narratives that include instances of violence against women; the under-representation of media coverages of women’s sports; experiences of infertility and the social expectations towards women until they receive a diagnosis of infertility; medical views on transgender and their influence on self-perception among trans people; and the process of gendering memory as a counterpoint to the politicization of memory. The diversity of contents presented within individual texts illustrates how multi-faceted the considerations of gender issues are.
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Evcimen, Oltan. "Reflections on the Environmental Impact Assessment Processes in Turkey." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 1 (June 10, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v6i1.p51-56.
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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process is a procedure that the environmental impacts of decisions on people, fauna and flora, soil, weather, climate, land, cultural heritage, etc. are taken into account before the decisions are made. Moreover, the EIA process has gradually been evolved to cover social aspects. However, Turkish legislation and implementation of EIA process seem to have significant problems when it comes to assessment of decisions on social aspects. This article will offer a critical account on the EIA process in Turkey with regard to the analysis of social impacts. The study will especially focus on whether the EIA reports in Turkey deal with the medium and long-term social impacts of the decisions in real terms and whether these reports have practical benefits in decision making processes. Moreover, the author will specifically ask whether EIA reports in Turkey assess the investments in terms of usefulness and sustainability. The main argument in this study is that those significant merits of the EIA process directly depend on the strength, efficiency and applicability of democratic participation mechanisms.
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Raza, Hina, and Dr Shaista Jabeen. "Stigma and Guilt among Transgender Women- Moderating Role of Coping Strategies." Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52053/jpap.v3i1.86.
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Transgender people go through negative experiences from multiple aspects. As their needs are unrecognized, hence not fulfilled. Consequently, they do not enjoy social inclusiveness. A correlational research design was used to investigate the relationship between stigma and guilt, transgender women (Trans women) experience in Pakistan. It examines the moderator role of coping strategies they use. The sample consisted of 155 Trans women within a18 to 65 years recruited through purposive sampling. Urdu versions of three scales, including Transgender Identity Stigma Scale (TISS), State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS), and The Brief COPE Inventory, were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Hierarchical Regression Analysis (HRA) was used to test the moderator effect of four types of coping strategies in relation to stigma and guilt among transgender women. The coping strategies assessed by The Brief COPE Inventory included Active Avoidance Coping, Problem Focused Coping, Positive Coping and Denial/Religion Coping Strategies. Results indicated that stigma and guilt were significantly and positively related. Amongst four coping strategies, only positive coping strategies played a partial moderating role in the relationship of stigma and guilt among Transgender women (R2 = .16). The need to understand the experiences of transgender women and the importance of actions to deal with this phenomenon have been highlighted. Findings of the research carry implications of using positive coping strategies in other stressful situations. Further, early identification of transgender specific needs and the role of supportive care services have been discussed.
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Trofimiuk-Muldner, Malgorzata, Katarzyna Matwiej, Karolina Zawadzka, Grzegorz Sokołowski, and Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk. "PMON240 Attitude To Transgender Care Among Medical Students And Doctors In Poland." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A694—A695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1433.
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Abstract Attitude To Transgender Care Among Medical Students, And Doctors In Poland. Background A significant body of research indicates that transgender and gender-nonconforming persons represent an underserved population susceptible to health care disparities. Fundamental education on the endocrine and psychological aspects of gender incongruence included in the curriculum could improve healthcare for transgender people. Specific Aim Assessment of coverage of transgender care issues in education curricula of medical students and doctors, considering access to educational workshops, satisfaction with obtained knowledge, and the perception of comfort level while providing health care to transgender persons. Methods Two online questionnaires consisting of 16 questions were addressed to medical students of 10 universities and of 13 questions to graduated doctors in Poland employing social media of scientific groups. The survey included gender incongruence education, attitude to therapeutic approach, and professional comfort while providing transgender medical care. Results A total of 331 medical students and 105 doctors responded to the online survey; 277 (83.68%) and 70 (66.67%) fully answered questionnaires, respectively, were analyzed. Most respondents were students in their fourth year (n=65; 23.46%) and doctors who specialized in endocrinology (n=53; 75.71%) with seniority between 10-20 years. The majority of students did not have the opportunity to take part in workshops on transgender medicine (n=213; 76.89%); 223 (80.50%) of them expressed willingness to have transgender health care more extensively covered in the educational curricula. Among doctors, 40 (57.14%) respondents did not have any training on gender incongruence in the specialization curricula. Moreover, doctors who had the opportunity to participate in workshops were unsatisfied (n=10; 71.43%). Assessment of the medical students’ attitude to the therapeutic options revealed that 18 respondents (6.50%) perceived gender incongruence as a mental disorder; among this group, the majority came from small towns (under 500 000 citizens) and did not know any transgender person (n=15; 83.33%). The vast majority of students (n=256; 92.42%) and doctors (n=56; 80%) supported hormone therapy and surgical procedures. Twenty-three doctors (32.86%) denied providing professional medical care to transgender people, as the reason they indicated most frequently lack of experience and lack of competencies (n=21; 91.30%). Despite the deficiency of transgender education in curricula, 33 respondents (47.14%) provided medical care to transgender people as part of their specialization competencies. Considering the comfort level of delivering health care to transgender patients among students, rated on a scale of 0-5, the most significant difference in approach to transgender and cisgender subjects was revealed in performing a physical examination (average scores 3.70 and 4.20, respectively). Conclusion Medical students and doctors in Poland expressed insufficient education on transgender health care. Knowing a transgender person changes students’ attitudes towards health care issues related to gender incongruence. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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Adaman, Fikret, and Oya Pınar Ardıç. "Social Exclusion in the Slum Areas of Large Cities in Turkey." New Perspectives on Turkey 38 (2008): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089663460000491x.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyze the results of a survey conducted in the slum areas of six metropolitan cities in Turkey— Adana, Ankara, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, İstanbul and İzmir—in order to unveil the multifaceted aspects of social exclusion processes as experienced by their inhabitants. The evidence documented in this study suggests that a significant number of people living in these areas are distanced from jobs, income, education, and training opportunities, with little access to power and decision-making bodies; this inevitably pushes them to the edge of society. Individuals with a relatively better socio-economic standing tend to be excluded to a lesser extent, while they themselves have intolerant attitudes towards others.
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Bakır, Pelin G., and Hasan M. Bodurog˘lu. "Earthquake Risk and Hazard Mitigation in Turkey." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 3 (August 2002): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1503341.
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The last two earthquakes in Marmara have been catastrophic disasters beyond all limits of perception. On 17 August 1999, there were 1 million people trapped under debris, eighteen thousand people had lost their lives, and hundreds of thousands had been evacuated from their homes. Roads had buckled and bridges had fallen down. On 12 November 1999 another earthquake hit Düzce. This earthquake also caused high casualties. There were 894 deaths and 4,948 injuries. Both of the disasters had social, technical, administrative, legal, economical as well as environmental consequences. This paper presents a brief overview of these earthquakes in terms of the six aspects mentioned above. Disaster management practices are also investigated. The authors are of the opinion that it is not only the buildings but also poor disaster management before, during, and after the disaster that kill people in severe earthquakes. The present disaster management system of Turkey is compared against professional standards of the United States and Japan. The authors systematically document where performance failed and offer proposals for change within the Turkish disaster management system.
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Özen, Yelda. "Body work and later-life care in Turkey: a qualitative study of paid and unpaid carers of older people." Ageing and Society 40, no. 10 (July 30, 2019): 2106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000989.
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AbstractThe ageing population of Turkey has brought later-life care into question. Family care remains most prevalent, but institutional, paid and professional care are increasing. Literature in Turkey has focused on the medical or social policy aspects but not care-givers’ experiences, nor how the care is performed. This study aims to illuminate care-givers’ experiences using qualitative methods, through in-depth interviews in Ankara with 19 care-givers providing home care for people aged 65 and over. Commonalities and differences were revealed among unpaid family care-givers, paid care-givers and professional care-givers. First, whether paid or unpaid, the bodily and emotional aspects of care work are intertwined. To cope with the ‘negativities’ involved in the work, nurses usually medicalised bodily tasks, unpaid care-givers cited traditional responsibilities and employed infantilisation, while paid care-givers mostly informalised the relationship, infantilised the person cared for and underlined their asexuality. Secondly, care work is gendered; silenced, invisible and ambivalent; related to intimacy with older bodies; and performed in the home space, which blurs the distinction between the private and public field for paid care. Finally, it involves emotional work regarding managing the bodily aspects and navigating the relationships surrounding the older person; and it is labour-intensive with an exploitative character.
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Ashley, Florence. "Gatekeeping hormone replacement therapy for transgender patients is dehumanising." Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no. 7 (April 15, 2019): 480–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-105293.
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Although informed consent models for prescribing hormone replacement therapy are becoming increasingly prevalent, many physicians continue to require an assessment and referral letter from a mental health professional prior to prescription. Drawing on personal and communal experience, the author argues that assessment and referral requirements are dehumanising and unethical, foregrounding the ways in which these requirements evidence a mistrust of trans people, suppress the diversity of their experiences and sustain an unjustified double standard in contrast to other forms of clinical care. Physicians should abandon this unethical requirement in favour of an informed consent approach to transgender care.
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Whitt, Jacqueline E. "Introduction." International Journal of Military History and Historiography 42, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683302-42010001.
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Abstract While lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people have always served in militaries, military organizations and leaders have managed the presence of sexual gender minorities in the ranks in complicated ways that were influenced by regulation, military culture, social and cultural norms, and perceptions of military effectiveness. The history of lgbt soldiers in modern western military history reveals important ways that various military organizations have addressed the question and challenges of open service by lgbt people. While many states have incorporated lgbt people into their organizations, it is not the case globally, and policies continue to change. The five essays in this collection explore various aspects of lgbt military history in West Germany, Australia, the Netherlands, the United States, and Israel and explore themes including the importance of comparative history; the differences between de jure and de facto integration; the effects of both regulation and culture on lgbtq inclusion; and the experience of lgbt people in uniform.
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Lindqvist, Siri, and Charlotta Carlström. "Girlfags and guydykes: “Too queer for straights and too straight for queers”." Journal of Positive Sexuality 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51681/1.621.
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The aim of the article is to highlight the experiences of those who call themselves “girlfags” and “guydykes” and to interpret the identity labels associated with these terms. Online, the communities that refer to themselves by these terms all define the labels and what they signify in terms of identity differently. These include descriptions of people who consider themselves gay but “in the wrong body”, for example, when a woman is sexually oriented toward gay men or when a man is sexually oriented toward lesbian women, most often with a gender or queer element to the definitions. Little to no previous research can be found on these identities, and what is known is mainly found on internet blogs and forums. The participants were sought through a Facebook forum, resulting in a total of 11 interviews with two guydykes and nine girlfags. The results were analyzed within the framework of social constructionism and applied with Butler’s (1990) concept of the heterosexual matrix and van Anders’ (2015) Sexual Configurations Theory (SCT), involving concepts of gender/sex sexuality, nurturance, and eroticism. The results show that those who identify as girlfags and guydykes are proud of their identity, but the complexity of the identity nevertheless affects many aspects of their lives. The respondents reveal how the labels involve one’s sense of self and gender identity. In addition, they touch upon transgender issues, sexual identity, sexual orientation, and other relational aspects. These identities break gender norms, sexual practices, and even sexual orientations within the LGBT context. The results indicate the need for further research on transgender issues; in particular, the relational and social aspects of the girlfag and guydyke identities.
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Ergec, Etem Hakan, Bengül Gülümser Kaytanci, and Metin Toprak. "Reconciliation or polarization in Islamic bank preference? Socio-political, socio-economic and demographic aspects." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 9, no. 1 (April 18, 2016): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-07-2013-0082.
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Purpose The reasons for Islamic bank preferences have been extensively covered in the literature where religion has been depicted as a strong factor. In the limited number of accounts on this subject in Turkey, it was found that religiosity is a major factor in the selection of Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach This study evaluates the findings of a major field work performed in the period between March and May 2011 in Eskisehir with the participation of Islamic bank customers. In the study, a sample of 500 respondents was used and a semi-structured survey was conducted. Findings According to the findings, religiosity is not the most significant and leading factor in Islamic bank preference; instead, it was found as the fourth most important factor. The study finds that recommendation by friends and relatives is the most significant factor for the people in preferring Islamic banks. The nationalist-conservative people make stronger reference to the religiosity as a factor than the secular-modernist and leftist-social democrat people do. Socioeconomic status is not found as a significant factor in the Islamic bank preference. People in advanced age, men, people with lower income and businessmen/artisan rely on the religiosity in Islamic bank preference as a factor stronger than people from other backgrounds. Practical implications In conclusion, it could be said that there is a strong relation of substitution between Islamic banks and conventional banks in Turkey and that the Islamic banks play significant role in inclusion of the people staying out of the banking system due to religious concerns and considerations in the financial system. Originality/value It is very comprehensive, both politically and economically, to handle the issue of Islamic banking.
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OGUZ, N. YASEMIN, STEVEN H. MILES, NUKET BUKEN, and MURAT CIVANER. "End-of-Life Care in Turkey." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12, no. 3 (July 2003): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180103123109.
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Most physicians confront the moral and technical challenges of treating persons who are coming to the natural end of their lives. At the level of the health system, this issue becomes a more pressing area for reform as premature death decreases and more people live a full life span. Well-developed countries and international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) have made recommendations for improving healthcare problems in aging societies. Turkey belongs to the WHO and the OECD. This article describes end-of-life healthcare in Turkey, the design of the healthcare system to meet this need, challenges that should be addressed, and solutions that would be appropriate to Turkish culture and resources.
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Mulyadi, Budi, and Aida Kurniasih. "Pandangan Masyarakat Jepang terhadap Tokoh Transeksual dalam Film Karera ga Honki de Amu toki wa." Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v1i2.2461.
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This paper entitled the view of Japanese society towards transsexual character in the movie “Karera ga honki de amu toki wa”. The main goal of this writing paper is to know about the view of Japanese society towards transsexual character which described in the movie Karera ga honki de amu toki wa. To analyze the description of heteronormativity in society that Naoko Ogigami wishes to convey in this film, we use the labeling theory in Narwoko and Suyanto and the literary sociology theory of Wellek and Warren by focusing on the second point, namely the sociology of literature. From the results of the analysis, it can be explained that the views of Japanese society on the transsexual figures portrayed in this film are not good. The act of labeling Rekso as a bad character in the film illustrates that there are still some Japanese people who have not accepted the existence of transsexuals. From the five aspects of sociology analyzed for this film, it can be concluded that although Japan is a country that is considered tolerant, they have not been able to fully accept transgender people in their social environment. Especially in aspects such as education, social and cultural aspects.Keywords: Film, Japanese Society, View, Transsexual, Character
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Mosher, Chad M. "Historical Perspectives of Sex Positivity: Contributing to a New Paradigm Within Counseling Psychology." Counseling Psychologist 45, no. 4 (May 2017): 487–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000017713755.
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Sexual health and well-being are integral aspects of human growth and development. Specifically, sex and sexuality involve complex and dynamic interpersonal and intrapersonal behaviors within dynamic sociopolitical environments. Sex positivity acknowledges such complexities as positive forces in human interactions and experiences, rather than as risk factors, deviance, and pathology. Current theories within counseling psychology, however, perpetuate sex-negative perspectives of sex and sexuality, further marginalizing people of color, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex individuals, and people with disabilities. This article presents historical contributions from the professional fields of history, law, psychology, philosophy, and sociology, and from popular contemporary writings, to pose a sex-positive paradigm in counseling psychology. Sex-positive counseling psychology is an integrated, comprehensive approach to understanding sex and sexuality, with contributions from social justice, feminist, multicultural, and queer theories. Implications for future theories, research, and practice within counseling psychology are presented.
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Saad, Toni C., Bruce Philip Blackshaw, and Daniel Rodger. "Hormone replacement therapy: informed consent without assessment?" Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no. 12 (June 22, 2019): 824–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105611.
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Florence Ashley has argued that requiring patients with gender dysphoria to undergo an assessment and referral from a mental health professional before undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is unethical and may represent an unconscious hostility towards transgender people. We respond, first, by showing that Ashley has conflated the self-reporting of symptoms with self-diagnosis, and that this is not consistent with the standard model of informed consent to medical treatment. Second, we note that the model of informed consent involved in cosmetic surgery resembles the model Ashley defends, and that psychological assessment and referral is recognised as an important aspect of such a model. Third, we suggest that the increased prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in the transgender population arguably supports the requirement of assessment and referral from a mental health professional prior to undergoing HRT.
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Stanley, Janet, and John Stanley. "The Importance of Transport for Social Inclusion." Social Inclusion 5, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v5i4.1289.
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Links between mobility, social exclusion and well being, and matters related thereto, have been an important focus of research, planning and policy thinking in the land use transport field for about the past two decades, in places such as the UK, Australia, South Africa, North America and parts of South America. This introductory paper to the journal volume on <em>Regional and Urban Mobility: Contribution to Social Inclusion</em> summarizes some of the key literature in the field during that period, illustrating how research sometimes takes a place-based approach and at other times focuses on groups of people likely to be at risk of mobility-related social exclusion. The ten articles in this journal volume explore aspects of these relationships, mainly through the lens of at risk groups, across a number of social-spatial settings. Articles draw on case studies from the Philippines, UK/Germany, UK/Colombia, Lisbon, Gilgat-Baltistan, Turkey and Japan, providing a broad set of contexts. The different language and frameworks used by researchers from different professional backgrounds, as illustrated in this volume, highlights some of the barriers that need to be confronted in progressing policy to improve the lot of people experiencing mobility-related social exclusion.
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Akcali, Seyda, and Arzu Cahantimur. "The Pentagon Model of Urban Social Sustainability: An Assessment of Sociospatial Aspects, Comparing Two Neighborhoods." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 21, 2022): 4990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14094990.
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Social concerns have caused a critical rethinking of urban space in today’s society, with sociospatial issues at the forefront of discussions. This study aims to better understand the relationship between sociospatial aspects of urban space and social sustainability. We provide a pentagon model for urban social sustainability by identifying five dimensions: person (demographic and household characteristics), place (accessibility, social infrastructure, open spaces, and places for daily operations), people (sense of community, social relations, and social network), perception (sense of place, and security and safety), and process (participation, and future of space). The research methodology includes a spatial analysis, questionnaire survey, and statistical analyses, applied to two study areas in Izmir, Turkey. The findings show that the two study areas have significantly different scores in terms of social sustainability criteria. Residents who reported their neighborhood as being more accessible and having better places for daily operations indicated a higher sense of place and participation. Residents who rated their open spaces more highly reported better social relations and social networks, and greater security and safety. In addition, there are a variety of positive associations between indicators of social sustainability. The study summarizes the relationship between social sustainability indicators, followed by a discussion.
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Mirabella, Marta, Guido Giovanardi, Alexandro Fortunato, Giulia Senofonte, Francesco Lombardo, Vittorio Lingiardi, and Anna Maria Speranza. "The Body I Live in. Perceptions and Meanings of Body Dissatisfaction in Young Transgender Adults: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 3733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113733.
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Body dissatisfaction in individuals with Gender Incongruence (GI) represents a primary source of suffering. Several studies have highlighted how this suffering has psychological, physical, and biological implications. This work aims to explore experiences related to body dissatisfaction and investigate the issues associated with living in a body perceived as incongruent for individuals with GI. Thirty-six individuals, aged between 18 and 30 years old and at stage T0 of hormone treatment, participated in the study. Body dissatisfaction and experiences related to it were investigated using the Clinical Diagnostic Interview. The Consensual Qualitative Research methodology was applied to the transcripts of the interviews. Several themes emerged: experiences with GI development, experiences with puberty and bodily changes, perception of one’s body, psychological problems and complex behavioral patterns related to body dissatisfaction. Results pointed out the complexity implied in the relationship with one’s body for individuals with GI, highlighting specific aspects of body dissatisfaction among these individuals (e.g., eating disorders, sexual difficulties, social withdrawal). This study underlines the need for a deeper understanding of some aspects of GI to better define guidelines for a correct assessment of it. In this way it will be easier to avoid negative outcomes for the psychological and general health of transgender people.
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Güleryüz Çohadar, Merve, and Neslihan Dostoğlu. "Eco-villages as Sustainable Human Habitats." Ekistics and The New Habitat 80, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e2020801423.
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Faced with the effects of global warming, energy resource depletion, and other related social problems which have steadily worsened since the 1980’s, people around the world have sought to create more sustainable, resilient and ‘liveable’ communities. Two approaches have been developed: The first is reformist - developing piecemeal changes in response existing problems -; the second is utopian - creating new environments from scratch. Eco-villages are consciously developed as sustainable communities, and as such, are an example of the utopian approach. This study evaluates the creation of two eco-villages in Turkey facing physical, social, economic, and sustainability issues. Our research starts by discussing two well-known eco-village initiatives, which enables us establish the key features of eco-village initiatives generally. We then analyse these key features in the context of two eco-villages selected in Turkey, using publicly available information from websites, observations from site visits, and details from personal interviews conducted with the founders of each settlement. Our findings, which relate to the physical, social, economic, and sustainable aspects of the eco- villages, are subsequently tabulated and compared with the original two eco-village initiatives discussed. In closing, several recommendations are made for the ongoing success of the initiatives in Turkey.
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Fabbre, Vanessa, and Eleni Gaveras. "THE MANIFESTATION OF MULTI-LEVEL STIGMA IN THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF TRANSGENDER OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2722.
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Abstract Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) older adults experience disparities in mental health outcomes when compared to non-TGNC sexual minority older adults. Stigmatizing experiences are thought to influence these outcomes, but little is known about this process. Recent conceptualizations of stigma draw attention to multiple levels – individual, interpersonal, and structural – experienced by TGNC people of all ages. To explore how multi-level stigma manifests in the lives of TGNC older adults, we conducted a two-phase qualitative content analysis of in-depth biographical interviews with 88 TGNC adults aged 50 and older, from across the United States. Data were obtained from the photography and interview project To Survive on This Shore. Our interpretive analyses suggest that TGNC older adults’ development and well-being are impacted by multiple levels of stigma, which are dynamic and unpredictable, resulting in constant awareness of a changing social environment. Individual level stigma is experienced as ongoing vigilance about aspects of oneself that break gender norms, which is also marked by self-imposed social isolation and fears about accessing older adult services. At the interpersonal level, TGNC older adults navigate unpredictable interpersonal relationships, which manifest as fluctuating levels of love, acceptance, strain, and exclusion. Structural stigma manifests in the awareness of stigmatizing policies and systems but also in the conscious action of TGNC older adults to resist these structures. TGNC older adults promote supportive structural responses to stigma to both improve conditions for younger generations while also reducing experiences of individual and interpersonal stigma for themselves.
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Kuzminov, Petr. "Social-Protective and Social-Transformative Policy of the Russian Government in the North Caucasus in the 1800s — 1860s." ISTORIYA 12, no. 10 (108) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840017081-8.
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The article analyzes aspects of the social policy of the crown government of Russia towards the peoples of the North Caucasus during the difficult period of their entry into the administrative-legal space of the empire. Their inconsistency and periodic change in social priorities are substantiated — the emphasis on the noble-princely elite was replaced by flirting with representatives of the “black people”. The change in social vectors made it possible to limit the political ambitions of the nobility in their striving for an alliance with Turkey, the Crimean Khanate, and Iran. The complementary attitude of the Russian authorities to the decision of a part of the highlanders to accept Christianity and live under the protection of the Russian fortresses of Kizlyar, Mozdok, Astrakhan and others was proved. The Caucasian administration limited and then eliminated slave and dependent relations in the region. More than 60 thousand dependent mountaineers, thanks to the policy of Russia, became free in the 60s. 19th century, most of them received a free land allotment and some rights of citizens of Russia.
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Arun, M. Onur. "Three Flaws in One Justification A Critical Examination of Nussbaum’s Reasoning Behind Her List of Capabilities." Journal of Humanity and Society (insan & toplum) 12, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12658/m0650.
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Who should decide what makes one’s life good? This is a long-standing question that has recently led to an unresolved discussion between two leading figures of the contemporary political and social theory, namely Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. In this discussion, addressing the adverse effects of unjust social conditions on people’s choices such as the problem of adaptive preferences, Nussbaum proposes a philosophically-informed list of aspects of the good life developed from a particular normative account. However, the reasoning behind her proposal, I argue, involves three flaws that appear due to absence of a sociologically-informed account of people’s choices. First, considering that unjust social conditions can adversely affect not only people’s choice on aspects of good life, but also their choices in achieving these aspects, developing a list from a philosophical account of the good life cannot be a solution against these adverse effects. Second, Nussbaum excessively generalises her findings based on data involving a quite limited number of disadvantaged women in a way that her findings are applicable to all disadvantaged people living in varied social settings. Third, both existing empirical evidences and the qualitative data I collected in three distinct settings of Turkey demonstrate that disadvantaged people are not necessarily those who, as Nussbaum implicitly addresses, are unable to develop sophisticated/reasoned judgements on their material conditions, but might be those who must have developed the ability of deliberately adapting their preferences to make a living within given structural inequalities.
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Rabia Iram and Faisal Jahangir. "The Role of Social and Islamic Jurisprudential Rulings on Eunuchs." International Research Journal on Islamic Studies (IRJIS) 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54262/irjis.04.01.e04.
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The concept of the gender binary is becoming irrelevant with time. Sex is allotted or assigned at the time of birth while gender is a self-assigned social role that prefers and aims to be recognized in society. On the touchstone of international human rights standards, the research work marks out the problems and hostilities faced by the eunuchs in Pakistan. Drawing closer to the research content, it seems a challenge to fight the colonial legacies where the subcontinent region is a hot place of eunuch discrimination and suppression to seek strength from various aspects of our society such as the everyday fight of the eunuch people in search of human and gender rights. The paper evaluates the occupational, personal and social status of this inconsiderate and volatile faction of the society. It discusses the 2018 Act for this vulnerable group of Pakistani society, their place in Islamic jurisprudence, and their role in the chapter of history. The questions of morbidity and troubles faced by the transgender community, whether all these formulations and legit actions lead toward the safe life of eunuchs in Pakistan have been elaborated. The potential answers to these questions, like social ostracism, are multiple, layered, and complex. The three different parts of this research work illustrate the developments in Pakistan and the Islamic jurisdiction towards the important faction of society known as eunuchs.
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GÖĞEBAKAN, A. Yeliz, and F. Duygu SABAN. "THE REFLECTION OF CULTURAL ASPECTS ON VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE: CASE OF BURHANLI VILLAGE, CEYHAN." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 22 (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.22.05.
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Aim: The financial, social and cultural development in urban areas encouraged people to move out from rural areas which resulted in the extinction of vernacular architecture shaped as a result of cultural background. The main aim of this study is to examine how cultural aspects are reflected to spaces in vernacular architecture. Method: Burhanlı Village located in Ceyhan/Adana is chosen as the case study, because of its unique settlement character where yörük culture can still be seen. Within the scope of the study, historical development of Burhanlı village is examined, survey drawings of 16 traditional houses are prepared and interviews with local residents are undertaken in order to understand how culture is reflected in inner and outer spaces. Findings: It is ascertained that building stock in the village is mostly comprised of two storey houses, where ground floors are used as stables or warehouses, the upper floors include spaces for daily living. In the houses where sofa is the main element of the plan organization, wood, mud brick or stone was used as building material and it is revealed that traditional houses are under threat because of poor quality intervention. Conclusion: It is determined that culture was reflected more in details in inner and outer spaces rather than spatial organization and that these unique qualities have to be preserved.
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Chakrabarty, Darshana. "The Purpose of Teaching Young Adult Literature in Secondary Education: Focus on Poverty, Gender and Sexuality." International Journal of Education, Language, and Religion 2, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/ijelr.v2i2.2366.
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Although Young Adult literature has been around for quite some time, it has never been viewed or considered to be fit to teach in a classroom setting, as it was poles apart from classics. Young Adult Literature deals with current social, economic, political as well as personal issues relating to and addressing a particular group of people, the young adults. Taking the themes ‘Poverty and Privilege’ and ‘Gender and Sexuality’, this article discusses the purpose of Young Adult Literature in school curriculum and the methods of teaching them to students to spread awareness and help in shaping conscious citizens of the world. The themes and issues of the books ‘The House on Mango Street’, ‘Hey Kiddo’, ‘If You Could Be Mine’ and ‘Some Assembly Required: The Not-So-Secret Life of a Transgender Teen’ and the reason for teaching them in schools are explored in detail in the hope of shedding light on the darker aspects of life.
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Primo, David, Adriano Zamperini, and Ines Testoni. "Online reverse discourses? Claiming a space for trans voices." Feminism & Psychology 29, no. 4 (January 10, 2019): 514–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353518819583.
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In recent years, online media have offered to trans people helpful resources to create new political, cultural and personal representations of their biographies. However, the role of these media in the construction of their social and personal identities has seldom been addressed. Drawing on the theoretical standpoint of positioning theory and diatextual discourse analysis, this paper discusses the results of a research project about weblogs created by Italian trans women. In particular, the aim of this study was to describe the ways online resources are used to express different definitions and interpretation of transgenderism, transsexuality and gender transitioning. We identified four main positioning strategies: “Transgender”, “Transsexual before being a woman”, “A woman who was born male” and “Just a normal woman”. We conclude with the political implications of the pluralization of narratives about gender non-conformity. Specifically, we will highlight how aspects of neoliberal discourses have been appropriated and rearticulated in the construction of gendered subjectivities.
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Billies, Michelle. "PAR Method." International Review of Qualitative Research 3, no. 3 (November 2010): 355–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2010.3.3.355.
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The work of the Welfare Warriors Research Collaborative (WWRC), a participatory action research (PAR) project that looks at how low income lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and gender nonconforming (LG-BTGNC) people survive and resist violence and discrimination in New York City, raises the question of what it means to make conscientization, or critical consciousness, a core feature of PAR. Guishard's (2009) reconceptualization of conscientization as “moments of consciousness” provides a new way of looking at what seemed to be missing from WWRC's process and analysis. According to Guishard, rather than a singular awakening, critical consciousness emerges continually through interactions with others and the social context. Analysis of the WWRC's process demonstrates that PAR researchers doing “PAR deep” (Fine, 2008)—research in which community members share in all aspects of design, method, analysis and product development—should have an agenda for developing critical consciousness, just as they would have agendas for participation, for action, and for research.
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Monteiro, Angélica, Elsa Guedes Teixeira, Carlinda Leite, Rita Barros, Preciosa Fernandes, and Filipa Soares. "EDUCATION TOWARDS LITERACY AND DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP OF YOUNG PEOPLE: BEYOND BEING ONLINE." Revista Conhecimento Online 2 (August 22, 2022): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.25112/rco.v2.2991.
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The effects of the pandemic crises in education have revealed social inequalities in the youth field but have also provided an opportunity to rethink the demands of education in an increasingly digital world. Framed on youth policies and on the 3 areas of Digital Citizenship defined by the Council of Europe – being online, well-being online and rights online – the present study explores policies and practices in youth digital literacy and citizenship education, with the aim of answering the following questions: What are the strands of digital citizenship education? How do teachers and school leaders perceive practices regarding young people and media and information literacy? What are the main challenges of digitalisation regarding social justice for young people facing vulnerable situations? Data were collected by a questionnaire submitted in 2020 to 120 teachers and school leaders from Portugal, Bulgaria, and Turkey, complemented by documental analysis. The results allow identifying the main strands of digital citizenship in education and the challenges of digital citizenship education. Despite the tendency of policies and European projects towards greater emancipation and empowerment of young people, the teachers and school leaders described practices that have aspects of a more regulatory nature. The conclusions supported the proposal of a model based on a critical approach with the aim of sustaining more inclusive and emancipatory digital practices, which favour greater conditions of social justice.
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Chmielarz, Witold, Marek Zborowski, Alicja Fandrejewska, and Mesut Atasever. "The Contribution of Socio-Cultural Aspects of Smartphone Applications to Smart City Creation. Poland–Turkey Comparison." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 2821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102821.
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The main objective of this article is to analyze the use of modern information technologies, referring to the example of smartphones, paying particular attention to selected cultural aspects of the phenomena that appear to play an important role in creating the concept of a smart city. The authors asked a research question: whether there is a difference in the perception of smart cities between Poland and Turkey in terms of a set of individual criteria and cultural differences in the context of globalization processes. The authors decided to compare the use of smartphones in an international environment. In their analysis, they examined Poland and Turkey, the countries which are characterized by markedly distinct culture and customs, but simultaneously present a similar level of IT development. The research was conducted in two stages at the turn of 2019 and 2020, and it involved more than 600 selected young people aged 18–25. It is important to mention that the study consulted the group of the most active internet users who are taking advantage of the benefits of internet-aided globalization. In order to carry out the survey questionnaire, the authors applied a CAWI (Computer Associated Web Interview) method. The original study aimed at identifying the character traits of smartphone users that appear to be most important from the point of view of implementing the concept of a smart city. As a result of this research, 15 such characteristics were identified, and the impact of smartphones on the strengthening or weakening of such qualities was tested in the course of conducting the survey questionnaire. The survey was translated into native languages and initially tested as part of the pilot studies. The results were compared, and the authors have identified and commented on differences between them. They also assessed the degree to which the hypothesis formulated in the research has been verified. The main limitation of the conducted study was the selection of a random group since the research sample consisted only of members of the academic community. The part of the study which is presented in this article fills the research gap related to the impact of smartphones on selected aspects of user behavior (punctuality, individualism, the quantity and quality of contacts) as well as social behavior (homogenization of cultures, the impact on economic and technological progress, strengthening of social bonds, civic responsibility (both in the social and economic sense), personal development initiatives, increase in social activity, sense of security, technological progress, and achieving prosperity). The examined features are particularly important in shaping the idea of smart cities. The results obtained in the study are conducive to expanding the research in this area.
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Aksoy, Ercüment, and Nilufer Korkmaz-Yaylagul. "Assessing Liveable Cities for Older People in an Urban District in Turkey Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process." Urban Planning 4, no. 2 (June 18, 2019): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v4i2.1943.
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The key concepts availability and accessibility have been taken into consideration in urban studies as well as the health and social aspects of ageing. These terms are in close relation with the “active ageing”, “age-friendly city” and “liveable city” concepts. These concepts were created by the UN, the World Health Organization, and other institutions aiming to increase the quality of life of older individuals and to regulate their living environments in an optimal way for an active and independent life. Improving accessibility and availability of facilities for older people in urban areas is crucial to ensure that older people are able to meet their own needs as well as prevent their exclusion from society. The planning of cities that prevents the social exclusion of older people and provides an independent way of living is the main objective of the concept of liveable cities. From this point of view, this study aims to evaluate the existing opportunities in an urban area in the context of liveability. Out of the multi-criteria decision-making models, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information systems (GIS) were therefore used in this research. Three main districts of Kepez, with the highest population of older individuals, have been chosen. According to the findings of the study, the weight of health services has the highest score compared to other criteria. The liveability scores and grading of the districts were obtained using the AHP matrix. In the study, it was concluded that a multi-criteria analysis could be carried out with quantitative data. The real land use and the close environment of the research area should also be considered in the evaluation process.
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Gott, Merryn, Tessa Morgan, and Lisa Williams. "Gender and palliative care: a call to arms." Palliative Care and Social Practice 14 (January 2020): 263235242095799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632352420957997.
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There has been a systematic and largely unconscious neglect of gender in palliative care research, practice and policy. This is despite significant, although previously uncollated, evidence that gender influences almost all aspects of end-of-life preferences, experiences and care. The social situations of women, transgender people and men often differ from one another while also intersecting in complex ways with sex differences rooted in biology. If palliative care is to meet its aspiration of providing universal benefit, it urgently needs to address a range of gender inequalities currently (re)produced at the level of the laboratory all the way through to government departments. In this call to arms, we spotlight specific instances where gender inequalities have been documented, for example, regarding end-of-life caregiving, end-of-life intervention and palliative care access and benefit. We highlight how gender inequalities intersect with other social determinants of health including ethnicity and economic status to exacerbate situations of marginality. We conclude by offering some practical steps that can be taken to support the discipline to adopt a more critical gender lens to support more equitable research, policy and practice.
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Kocoglu, Erol. "Teacher Perceptions on Covid-19 Pandemic and Vaccination in Turkey." Eurasia Proceedings of Health, Environment and Life Sciences 1 (December 16, 2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/ephels.10.
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Most of the world to continue Covidien-19 outbreak influence and protection against epidemics aimed at reducing the impact of the strengthening pandemic immunization efforts is greater than last year in Turkey is one of the problems keeping its actuality. This is to completely eliminate the problems of the world in Turkey was put immediately into practice several measures, such as the measures taken in other countries. Although these practices have turned the direction of daily case and mortality figures into negative, it cannot be said that a clear goal has been achieved at the desired level. In addition, vaccination studies, which started within the framework of the epidemic, have remarkably affected the society's attitude towards the epidemic. Although the effect of these dimensions covers many aspects of life, it can be said that it is seen in people who are more isolated in their social life and fear of loneliness causes psychological disturbances. In this study, the perceptions of educators regarding the Covidien-19 outbreak and vaccination efforts in Turkey were evaluated. These trainers, Turkey constitutes teachers working in different regions. Opinions of teachers on the subject of study were taken from the virtual environment in various ways (mail, zoom, Google meet, etc.) and evaluated. In the evaluation, it can be said that remarkable results were obtained.
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ÇELİK, Sadullah, and Fatma ZEREN. "The Analysis of Graduate Studies on Big-Data on Social Media through Text Mining." Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi 20, no. 39 (July 7, 2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.55842/talid.1115782.
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Texts may contain useful information on many topics. Analyzing texts can help people make better decisions, do more effective work, and access more information. Data obtained from rich sources such as social media constitute big data belonging to these texts. Various methods are employed to understand and interpret these data. Among them, text mining and data analytics are the most widely used techniques. In addition, there may be need for more data than available through structured data to excavate the information contained in a given text data. This article examines graduate theses prepared in Turkey employing big data approach obtained from social media. These studies have been prepared by various departments and hence big data has been examined from various aspects. In this regard, thispaper provides brief summaries of some these theses. The findings reveal that the majority of related theses were written in the field of computer engineering. However, their characteristics differ from each other. While some target the software aspects, others analyze social media information. The next most popular field is the various departments in the field of communications. It has been observed that the number of theses written on big data has increased over the years. This study has applied word analysis on theses written between 2008 and 2022 through the text mining method. The results confirm the congruity of the word distribution in theses to the power law distribution. The overall findings point to the problem of excessive focus in theses.
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Celik, Serkan. "Experiences of internet users regarding cyberhate." Information Technology & People 32, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 1446–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-01-2018-0009.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore internet users’ experiences of cyberhate in the aspects of ethnicity, religion, sexual preference and political perspective. Design/methodology/approach Researchers employed an exploratory survey method to examine internet users’ experiences of cyberhate. The participants of the study were determined by purposive sampling methods to attain maximum variety among internet users with high-level digital literacy skills. The data were collected from 355 internet users affiliated with two universities in Turkey and the USA using a personal data form and a survey (Cyberhate Experience Survey) of which reliability and validity indexes were ensured. Findings The results indicated that participants have observed and experienced cyberhate at different levels targeting their ethnic, religious, gender-based and political identities. The findings also pointed out that gender, income and socio-political identities are significant variables on exposure to cyberhate regardless of cultural and educational boundaries. The majority of survey respondents reported that they had encountered cyberhate mostly on social media platforms. Social implications The findings of the study imply that to address the hate speech problem comprehensively, the author must enlighten people, change their way of thinking and broaden their perspectives by using measures such as intercultural dialogue, critical thinking, media literacy, education on tolerance and diversity. Originality/value This research was intended to contribute into the need to elaborate on various aspects of cyberhate, which is shared by academics, thinkers, journalists and educators. It may also serve to clarify how frequently internet users encounter hateful content and harassment online, which can have social consequences and influence young people’s trust to other people.
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Barone, María Antonella. "Gestar y abortar para los hombres trans: una revisión de literatura científica." REVISTA CONTROVERSIA, no. 215 (December 18, 2020): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54118/controver.vi215.1209.
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En este artículo se presenta una revisión de las investigaciones disponibles en la literatura sobre procesos de gestación y aborto de los hombres trans, a partir de la búsqueda en bases de datos como PsyeINFO y Scielo, de términos normalizados como pregnancy, aborto, trans men, transgender, transexual. Tal revisión de literatura es parte de mi tesis de doctorado, aun no concluida, titulada “Narrativas transbordantes: experiencias de personas trans, a partir de prácticas de gestación y aborto”, en el marco de una posgraduación en el área de Psicología. En consecuencia, se seleccionan publicaciones que consideran aspectos psicológicos o sociales sobre el tema, con abordajes desde el área de la salud hasta estudios más próximos a las ciencias humanas y sociales, con el fin de identificar los estudios relativos a esta temática. Se observa, de este modo, que la mayoría de las referencias son de los últimos diez años. Sin embargo, cabe destacar un déficit de investigaciones sobre aborto y hombres trans.
Gestating and Aborting for Trans Men: A Review of Scientific Literature
Abstract: In this article, we present a review of the research available in the literature on gestation and abortion processes in trans men, based on a search in databases such as PsyeINFO and Scielo, for standardized terms such as pregnancy, abortion, trans men, transgender, tranny. This literature review is part of my doctoral thesis, not yet completed, entitled "Transborder Narratives: experiences of trans people, from pregnancy and abortion practices", within the framework of a Postgraduate degree in the area of Psychology. In this way, publications are selected that consider psychological or social aspects of the subject, with approaches from the health area to studies closer to the human and social sciences, in order to identify studies related to this subject. In this way, it is observed that most of the references are from the last ten years. However, it is worth noting a lack of research on abortion and trans men.
Keywords: pregnancy; abortion; trans men; transsexuality.