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Academic literature on the topic 'Transformative reaction'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Milburn, Geoffrey. "Reaction: Transformative Challenges Reassessed." Theory & Research in Social Education 23, no. 1 (January 1995): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00933104.1995.10505742.

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Buitrago Santanilla, Alexander, Erik L. Regalado, Tony Pereira, Michael Shevlin, Kevin Bateman, Louis-Charles Campeau, Jonathan Schneeweis, et al. "Nanomole-scale high-throughput chemistry for the synthesis of complex molecules." Science 347, no. 6217 (November 20, 2014): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1259203.

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At the forefront of new synthetic endeavors, such as drug discovery or natural product synthesis, large quantities of material are rarely available and timelines are tight. A miniaturized automation platform enabling high-throughput experimentation for synthetic route scouting to identify conditions for preparative reaction scale-up would be a transformative advance. Because automated, miniaturized chemistry is difficult to carry out in the presence of solids or volatile organic solvents, most of the synthetic “toolkit” cannot be readily miniaturized. Using palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions as a test case, we developed automation-friendly reactions to run in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature. This advance enabled us to couple the robotics used in biotechnology with emerging mass spectrometry–based high-throughput analysis techniques. More than 1500 chemistry experiments were carried out in less than a day, using as little as 0.02 milligrams of material per reaction.
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Golam Rasul, Mohammed. "Extraction and transformative reaction of triterpenoid and comparison of their biological activity." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 12, no. 5 (February 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2019/v12i5/141077.

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Purnamawati, Frimha, and Rizqi Fajar Pradipta. "TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING MODEL FOR PARENTING EDUCATION PROGRAM." Journal Of Educational Experts (JEE) 5, no. 1 (January 23, 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30740/jee.v5i1p13-20.

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The purpose of this study is to produce a transformative learning model in parenting education programs organized by early childhood education institutions in changing the terms of reference for children's education to be even better and in synergy with those carried out by educational institutions. This research includes development model research. The results of this study are a transformative learning model in a parenting education program that uses five components, namely (1) syntax; (2) Social System; (3) Reaction Principle; (4) Support System and (5) Instructional Impact and Accompaniment. The steps of Transformative Learning used in the parenting education process consist of 4 steps of field activities, namely: (1) problem development steps; (2) critical reflection development steps; (3) location of determination and implementation of action; and (4) assistance steps taken by educators of early childhood education institutions to early childhood parents in the form of consultations, group discussion activities, and face-to-face activities (class sessions). The success of transformative learning in this parenting education program is that there is a change in the frame of reference of the parents of early childhood which comes from themselves, and the function of educators in this transformative learning process is as a facilitator and counselor in helping towards the change process.
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Bibhab Kumar, Lodh. "The transformative role of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in chemical engineering." Open Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 1 (March 12, 2024): 001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ojc.000033.

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Chemical engineering is a discipline intrinsically linked to fluid behavior. From reaction kinetics to reactor design, understanding how fluids flow, mix, and transfer heat is paramount. Traditionally, this relied heavily on experimentation, a time-consuming and resource-intensive process. The emergence of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has revolutionized the field, offering a powerful in-silico approach to analyze fluid dynamics in chemical engineering processes. This review paper explores the transformative role of CFD, examining its impact on various aspects of chemical engineering, including reactor design, optimization, process intensification, scale-up, and safety analysis. The paper also discusses the challenges associated with CFD simulations, ongoing advancements in the field, and potential future directions.
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Zare, Richard N. "Making Materials That Hate Water to Love Water: The Transformative Power of Chemistry." Molecular Frontiers Journal 01, no. 01 (May 17, 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2529732517400028.

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A simple nonaqueous reaction scheme for transforming the surface of plastics from hydrophobic to hydrophilic is presented. The chemical modification is achieved by the base-catalyzed trans-esterification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is a commonly used plastic. Its use in blood collection tubes is discussed. The surface modification is permanent, inexpensive, rapid, and does not release contaminants. It also causes no optical or mechanical distortion of the plastic. This work demonstrates the power of chemistry to transform common materials.
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Duduzile, Mzindle, Somlata Zakhile, Fru Raymond, and Gallant Reinhold. "Experiences of Teaching Transformative Pedagogies for Peace-building across Selected Institutions of Higher Learning in South Africa." International Journal of Higher Education Pedagogies 2, no. 3 (June 29, 2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ijhep.v2i3.137.

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The primary objective of this study was to report on a series of workshops that were held in three institutions of higher learning on resilience, peace-building and prevention of violence using transformative pedagogies (TP). This progressive approach to teaching and learning is known as an activist approach and it is a reaction to the traditional approach to teaching and learning which perceive teachers as the people who control the teaching and learning process. The study was a mixed method and was premised on transformative paradigm. Data was collected using evaluation survey from participants and reflection from facilitators on the feedback and experiences in the delivery of the workshops in the three institutions. The participants in the series of workshops were the lecturers, student teachers and members of students’ representative council (SRC). The workshops aimed at equipping the participants with the skill to be peace-builders by articulating how the issues of peace and violence manifests and intersect in the South African contexts and beyond. Furthermore, the participants were expected to identify strategies for enhancing education for peacebuilding in their own contexts using transformative pedagogies. The results revealed and provided feedback not only on the effectiveness of the project but also assisted in illuminating the effectiveness of the use of transformative pedagogies in the classrooms and change learners and students to be peace ambassadors.
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Bentley, Keith W., Peng Zhang, and Christian Wolf. "Miniature high-throughput chemosensing of yield, ee, and absolute configuration from crude reaction mixtures." Science Advances 2, no. 2 (February 2016): e1501162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501162.

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High-throughput experimentation (HTE) has emerged as a widely used technology that accelerates discovery and optimization processes with parallel small-scale reaction setups. A high-throughput screening (HTS) method capable of comprehensive analysis of crude asymmetric reaction mixtures (eliminating product derivatization or isolation) would provide transformative impact by matching the pace of HTE. We report how spontaneous in situ construction of stereodynamic metal probes from readily available, inexpensive starting materials can be applied to chiroptical chemosensing of the total amount, enantiomeric excess (ee), and absolute configuration of a wide variety of amines, diamines, amino alcohols, amino acids, carboxylic acids, α-hydroxy acids, and diols. This advance and HTS potential are highlighted with the analysis of 1 mg of crude reaction mixtures of a catalytic asymmetric reaction. This operationally simple assay uses a robust mix-and-measure protocol, is amenable to microscale platforms and automation, and provides critical time efficiency and sustainability advantages over traditional serial methods.
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Furxhi, Gentisa, Sonela Stillo, and Marinela Teneqexhi. "Organizational Change: Employees Reaction Towards It." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i1.p303-308.

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The organizations, in the present days,are facing a dynamic environment which makes that no organization is immune towards change. Technological changes, innovations in communication, movements in the job market, globalization, make the organization face continuous challenges regarding competition, general non-stability of the macro-environment, merging and re-engineering of the work processes. To face these challenges, the organization reassesses the strategies, structure, policies, actions, processes and their culture. So the organizational change (OC) is inevitable in the environment where the organizations operate. Organizational change can be a very small change (additional) or it can be fundamental (transformative). Regardless of the form, function or size that the organizatioal change can make, there is an agreement between the community of the researchers that the pace of the organizational change has never been as high as in our days and it must be considered as a “feature which is present in the organizational life both in the operational level as well as in the strategic level” (By, 2005). Researchers already see the organizational change as a feature, present and continuous of the organizational life, inconsistent with the previous conceptualism that viewed the organizations as relatively stable systems, which developed over time through additional planned changes, which took place in regular and predicted phases (Burnes, 2004; Cummings -Worley, 2009). The famous expression “organizations don’t change, people do”, creates the need for change agents to understand that employees have different reactions to change initiative, because they have different personal experiences, motivation levels, socio-demographic characteristics, knowledges, values and different behavior models
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Taleb, Batoul, Rabih Jahjah, David Cornu, Mikhael Bechelany, Mohamad Al Ajami, Ghenwa Kataya, Akram Hijazi, and Mohammad H. El-Dakdouki. "Exploring Hydrogen Sources in Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation: A Review of Unsaturated Compound Reduction." Molecules 28, no. 22 (November 11, 2023): 7541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227541.

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Catalytic transfer hydrogenation has emerged as a pivotal chemical process with transformative potential in various industries. This review highlights the significance of catalytic transfer hydrogenation, a reaction that facilitates the transfer of hydrogen from one molecule to another, using a distinct molecule as the hydrogen source in the presence of a catalyst. Unlike conventional direct hydrogenation, catalytic transfer hydrogenation offers numerous advantages, such as enhanced safety, cost-effective hydrogen donors, byproduct recyclability, catalyst accessibility, and the potential for catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation, particularly with chiral ligands. Moreover, the diverse range of hydrogen donor molecules utilized in this reaction have been explored, shedding light on their unique properties and their impact on catalytic systems and the mechanism elucidation of some reactions. Alcohols such as methanol and isopropanol are prominent hydrogen donors, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in various reductions. Formic acid offers irreversible hydrogenation, preventing the occurrence of reverse reactions, and is extensively utilized in chiral compound synthesis. Unconventional donors such as 1,4-cyclohexadiene and glycerol have shown a good efficiency in reducing unsaturated compounds, with glycerol additionally serving as a green solvent in some transformations. The compatibility of these donors with various catalysts, substrates, and reaction conditions were all discussed. Furthermore, this paper outlines future trends which include the utilization of biomass-derived hydrogen donors, the exploration of hydrogen storage materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), catalyst development for enhanced activity and recyclability, and the utilization of eco-friendly solvents such as glycerol and ionic liquids. Innovative heating methods, diverse base materials, and continued research into catalyst-hydrogen donor interactions are aimed to shape the future of catalytic transfer hydrogenation, enhancing its selectivity and efficiency across various industries and applications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Singha, Rabindranath. "Chemical transformation of carbocyclic compounds and development of novel reaction protocols." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2021. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4348.

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Mandal, Amitava. "Transformative reactions of terpenoids and studies on their biological activity." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1571.

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Rasul, Mohammed Golam. "Phytochemical investigation of some medicinal plants transformative reaction on the isolated organic compounds and studied on their biological activities." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1370.

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Kaukoranta, T. (Teemu). "Patterns in reactive programming:from transformative to reactive." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201505211558.

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Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) was introduced in 1997, and it proposed the abstraction of streams of events and behaviors that nowadays are a staple in reactive programming solutions. Due to recent technological advancements, such as the Reactive Extensions library and the Elm language, and the Reactive Manifesto that was published in 2013, more and more developers are showing interest in the abstractions that reactive programming provides. When programs are divided into reactive and transformative programs, it is seen that most programs are reactive programs that depend upon external events and respond to them. Reactive programming is a paradigm that is meant to help building these kinds of programs by providing abstractions for expressing these reactions and automatically managing the flow of time and computation dependencies. There is quite a lot of research about fixing the underlying flaws of FRP, but little research has been conducted where the usage of patterns in reactive programming has been studied. In this thesis we study how some chosen patterns are changed when they are first implemented using an imperative style, and then re-implemented using a reactive style. We find that while most of our analyzed patterns work surprisingly well when using streams, there are some scenarios where the introduction of streams permeate a clear change in the pattern. During the analysis of the Model-View-Controller model, we see that streams seem to eliminate the need for ways of explicitly requesting the most up-to-date data, at least during initialization — at least during the initialization phase. Analyzing the Chain of Responsibility and the Mediator patterns revealed that using streams somewhat diminishes the value of classes that act as “mediators”. In the Mediator pattern we saw that the Mediator class was important during the initialization phase in connecting all the modules, but once they were connected the Mediator did not necessarily do anything. The Chain of Responsibility would have undergone the most drastic transformation of all the patterns. If the pattern had been implemented by using streams in a sane way, the chain aspect of the pattern would have been lost completely. Forcibly retaining the chain would have imposed a needless limitation, and would have prevented the realization of the advantages that streams may provide
Ensimmäinen funktionaalista reaktiivista ohjelmointia (Funtional Reactive Programming, FRP) käsittelevä artikkeli julkaistiin vuonna 1997. Artikkeli esitteli ensimmäisenä abstraktiot tapahtumille (events) sekä käytöksille (behaviours), jotka ovat nykyään tärkeä osa lähes jokaista reaktiivisen ohjelmoinnin kirjastoa tai kieltä. Reaktiivinen ohjelmointi on viime vuosina kasvattanut suosiotaan — tähän ovat vaikuttaneet esimerkiksi uudet teknologiat, kuten Reactive Extensions -kirjasto ja Elm-ohjelmointikieli, sekä 2013 julkaistu Reactive Manifesto. Kun ohjelmat jaetaan kahteen kategoriaan, transformativiisin ja reaktiivisiin, huomataan että suurin osa ohjelmista on reaktiivisia. Reaktiiviset ohjelmat ovat ohjelmia, jotka riippuvat ulkoisista syötteistä ja vastaavat niihin. Reaktiivinen ohjelmointiparadigma auttaa tällaisten ohjelmien rakentamisessa antamalla ohjelmoijan käyttöön tehokkaita abstraktioita näiden reaktioiden ilmaisemiseen, sekä automaattisesti valvomalla ajankulkua ja laskennallisia riippuvuuksia. Funktionaalista reaktiivista ohjelmointia on tutkittu paljon, mutta iso osa tästä tutkimuksesta keskittyy korjaamaan kyseisen paradigman puutteita. Tässä tutkielmassa tutkimme miten tietyt valitut suunnittelumallit muuttuvat kun ne ensin toteutetaan perinteisellä, imperatiivisella tyylillä, ja sen jälkeen toteutetaan uudelleen reaktiviisella tyylillä. Toteamme, että reaktiivinen ohjelmointitapa toimii hyvin suurimmassa osassa tutkimistamme suunnittelumalleista, mutta löydämme silti tapauksia, jolloin uusi ohjelmointityyli aiheuttaa mallissa selkeitä muutoksia — hyviä tai huonoja. Model-View-Controller (MVC) mallia analysoitaessa huomattiin, että reaktiivinen ohjelmointityyli poistaa osittain tarpeen eksplisiittesti pyytää päivitettyä versiota käytettävästä datasta — uusin data on aina automaattisesti saatavilla kuuntelemalla (subscribe) tietovuota (stream). Analysoitaessa Chain of Responsibility ja Mediator-suunnittelumalleja huomattiin, että välikätenä toimivien luokkien merkitys heikkenee reaktiivisessa ohjelmoinnissa. Mediator-mallissa Mediator-luokan rooli oli oleellinen alustusvaiheessa, mutta kun muut luokat oli saatu yhdistettyä, kyseisen luokan ei ajovaiheessa tarvinnut välttämättä tehdä mitään. Chain of Responsibility-mallia ei päädytty toteuttamaan, sillä mallin toteuttaminen vaatisi, että joko mallille oleellista ketjua ei toteutettaisi sen alkuperäisessä muodossa, tai että käytössä olevia abstraktioita käytettäisiin huomattavan tehottomasti
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Sinha, Rajendra Prasad. "Studies on some transformative reactions of triterpenoids." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/816.

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Pariyar, Gyan Chandra. "Explorative studies on carbon hetero bond transformation reaction and carbon-hetero bond formation reaction." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2018. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2813.

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Mothay, jyotsna. "Studies on the transformative reactions of carbocyclic compounds." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/771.

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Amass, Dorothy Gwendoline. "Block co-polymerization by transformation reactions." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9679/.

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The aim of this study was to use the transformation of anionic to metathesis polymerization to produce block co-polymers of styrene-b-pentenylene using WC16/PStLi and WC16/PStLi/AlEtC12 catalyst systems. Analysis of the products using SEC and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy enabled mechanisms for metathesis initiation reactions to be proposed. The initial work involved preparation of the constituent homo-polymers. Solutions of polystyryllithium in cyclohexane were prepared and diluted so that the [PStLi]o < 2x10-3M. The dilution produced initial rapid decay of the active species, followed by slower spontaneous decay within a period of days. This was investigated using UV/visible spectrophotometry and the wavelength of maximum absorbance of the PStLi was found to change with the decay from an initial value of 328mn. to λmax of approximately 340nm. after 4-7 days. SEC analysis of solutions of polystyrene, using RI and UV/visible (set at 254nm.) detectors; showed the UV:RI peak area was constant for a range of polystyrene samples of different moleculor weight. Samples of polypentenylene were prepared and analysed using SEC. Unexpectedly the solutions showed an absorbance at 254nm. which had to be considered when this technique was used subsequently to analyse polymer samples to determine their styrene/pentenylene co-polymer composition. Cyclohexane was found to be a poor solvent for these ring-opening metathesis polymerizations of cyclopentene. Attempts to produce styrene-b-pentenylene block co-polymers, using a range of co-catalyst systems, were generally unsuccessful as the products were shown to be mainly homopolymers. The character of the polymers did suggest that several catalytic species are present in these systems and mechanisms have been suggested for the formation of initiating carbenes. Evidence of some low molecular weight product with co-polymer character has been obtained. Further investigation indicated that this is most likely to be ABA block copolymer, which led to a mechanism being proposed for the termination of the polymerization.
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Patel, A. V. "Microbial transformation of spirostanes and related compounds." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375659.

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Matthews, Rosalyn D. "Transformation and decolorization of reactive phthalocyanine." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04062004-164728/unrestricted/matthews%5Frosalyn%5Fd%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Spyros G. Pavlostathis.
Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 381-393).
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Books on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Transformation and reaction: America, 1921-1945. New York: HarperCollinsCollegePublishers, 1993.

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Jeansonne, Glen. Transformation and reaction: America, 1921-1945. New York: HarperCollinsCollegePublishers, 1994.

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Amass, Dorothy Gwendoline. Block co-polymerization by transformation reactions. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1996.

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Bertran, Miquel, and Teodor Rus, eds. Transformation-Based Reactive Systems Development. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63010-4.

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Clarke, Paul Derek. Transformation and addition reactions in the chromone series. Salford: University of Salford, 1986.

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Gomez, Elaine. Tandem Reactions of Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Hydrocarbon Transformation. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2019.

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International Conference on Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation (3rd 1990 Newport Beach, Calif.). Mechanisms of lymphocyte activation and immune regulation III: Developmental biology of lymphocytes. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.

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Bagnoli, Carlo, Alessia Bravin, Maurizio Massaro, and Alessandra Vignotto. Business Model 4.0. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-286-4.

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The manufacturing digital transformation is changing the industry through the introduction of advanced solutions that allow companies to re-interpret their role along the value chain. The industrial revolution opens up great opportunities for Italian companies, in terms of process efficiency, cost reduction and improvement in productivity, but also in the rethinking of products, new services, and the ability of reaction to market needs. This report examines the possible impact of Industry 4.0 on business models considering technological innovation also as a driver of strategic innovation.
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Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology., ed. Research plan: Reactive Acid Tailings Stabilization Program (R.A.T.S.) = Plan de recherche : Programme de résidus acides en transformation et stabilisation (R.A.T.S.). [Ottawa, Ont.]: Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, 1988.

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Telomeres and telomerase in cancer. New York: Springer, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Stewart, M. J. "Transformation reactions." In New Methods of Polymer Synthesis, 107–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9552-5_4.

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Stewart, M. J. "Transformation reactions." In New Methods of Polymer Synthesis, 107–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1530-8_4.

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Kreowski, Hans-Jörg, and Grzegorz Rozenberg. "Graph Surfing by Reaction Systems." In Graph Transformation, 45–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92991-0_4.

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Hendry, Robin Findlay. "Mechanisms in Chemistry." In History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, 139–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46917-6_7.

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AbstractMechanisms are the how of chemical reactions. Substances are individuated by their structures at the molecular scale, so a chemical reaction is just the transformation of reagent structures into product structures. Explaining a chemical reaction must therefore involve different hypotheses about how this might happen: proposing, investigating and sometimes eliminating different possible pathways from reagents to products. One distinctive aspect of mechanisms in chemistry is that they are broken down into a few basic kinds of step involving the breaking and making of bonds between atoms. This is necessary for chemical kinetics, the study of how fast reactions happen, and what affects it. It draws on G.N. Lewis’ identification of the chemical bond as involving shared electrons, which from the 1920s achieved the commensuration of chemistry and physics. The breaking or making of a bond just is the transfer of electrons, so a chemical bond on one side of an equation might be balanced on the other side by the appearance of a corresponding quantity of excess charge. A bond is understood to have been exchanged for a pair of electrons. Since reaction mechanisms rely on identities, doesn’t the establishment of a reaction mechanism explain away the chemical phenomena, showing that they are no more than the movement of charges and masses? In one sense yes: these mechanisms seem to involve a conserved-quantity conception of causation. But in another sense no: the ‘lower-level’ entities can do what they do only when embedded in higher-level organisation or structure. There need be no threat of reduction.
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Genovese, Fabrizio, Fosco Loregian, and Daniele Palombi. "Nets with Mana: A Framework for Chemical Reaction Modelling." In Graph Transformation, 185–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78946-6_10.

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Divakar, Soundar. "Kinetics of Some Selected Enzyme-Catalysed Reactions in Organic Solvents." In Enzymatic Transformation, 225–50. India: Springer India, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0873-0_10.

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Lye, Aaron. "Transformations of Reaction Systems Over Categories by Means of Epi-Mono Factorization and Functors." In Graph Transformation, 40–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78946-6_3.

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He, Xuedong, Feng Zhou, Lilie Zhang, Shuang Pan, Huile Jin, Yihuang Chen, and Shun Wang. "Carbon Materials-based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction." In Electrochemical Transformation of Renewable Compounds, 93–127. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429326783-5.

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Flamm, Christoph, Daniel Merkle, Peter F. Stadler, and Uffe Thorsen. "Automatic Inference of Graph Transformation Rules Using the Cyclic Nature of Chemical Reactions." In Graph Transformation, 206–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40530-8_13.

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Wei, Xijun, Yingze Song, Qiang Zhang, Bingbing Hu, Yuan Cen, Juan Gong, Xiao Liu, and Qi Wan. "Metal-organic Frameworks Derived Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion Reaction." In Electrochemical Transformation of Renewable Compounds, 38–75. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429326783-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Mlyuka, Hamu, Alponce Liyoyo, Hadija Semvua, Raphael Sangeda, Stellah Mpagama, and Derek Sloan. "PA-388 Placement for transformative clinical trial skills to sustain chain reaction-like model of expanding human capital for accelerating development of safe, efficacious, accessible and affordable anti-tuberculosis." In Abstracts of The Eleventh EDCTP Forum, 7–10 November 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-edc.182.

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Yu, Yong Poh, Khai Yin Lim, and Tong Ming Lim. "A Comparative Study on the Time Series Models for Forecasting Facebook Reactions." In International Conference on Digital Transformation and Applications (ICDXA 2020). Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.56453/icdxa.2020.1012.

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The Facebook reactions were used over 300 billion times during their first year of existence. Research on reaction activity is essential especially for the digital marketing purpose. The market needs to understand how Facebook reactions fluctuate to forecast the best period to post advertisements on Facebook that yields the highest number of reactions. In this study, several time-series models are used to forecast the number of Facebook reactions over a certain period for different domains. A comparative study is done to evaluate the performance of each model, in terms of strengths and weaknesses. Keywords: Forecasting, Facebook reactions, time series model, ARIMA, SARIMA
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Hook, David, Seymen Aygun, William Borland, and Jon-Paul Maria. "Low-temperature nitride transformation reactions." In 2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6185889.

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Suherman, Yarman, Defri Ahmad, and Nurul Afifah Rusyda. "The development flipbook explainer of transformation geometry." In THE PHYSICS OF SURFACES: Aspects of the Kinetics and Dynamics of Surface Reaction. AIP, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0122661.

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Burra, K. G., and A. K. Gupta. "Role of Catalyst in Solid Biomass Gasification." In ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59039.

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Energy recovery from biomass is of pinnacle importance for renewable and sustainable energy development. Gasification techniques offer efficient and effective transformation of solid biomass into gas/liquid fuels and value added materials. This technique offers clean energy production with improved efficiency compared to other transformation techniques. Catalysts offer improved reaction efficiency and product yield. However, a robust catalyst for efficient biomass conversion to fuel gases requires close examination. Transitional metals, being inert compared to alkali metals, have shown good catalytic activity in reformation reactions, such as, high temperature and low temperature water-gas shift reactions in ammonia plants with good heat conductivity and catalytic activity. In this study catalytic conversion of pine wood chips using dry (CO2) gasification is investigated. The catalytic effects of CuO/Al2O3-SiO2 (made by wetness impregnation) on the rate of gasification, along with the gaseous species evolved during the gasification at different temperatures (700°C to 900°C) using CO2 are investigated in a semi-batch type reactor. The H2/CO ratio in the syngas and the temporal evolution of various gases evolved, their total yield, and the energy yield are quantified from the analysis of gases evolved. The results reveal significant enhancement in H2 yield and production rate along with selective dry reformation of CH4, while the effect on CO yields were unaffected. Improved yields of H2 and CH4 but no change in CO suggest the catalytic activity of CuO in enhancing the formation of high molecular weight hydrocarbons.
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Do, Kien, Truyen Tran, and Svetha Venkatesh. "Graph Transformation Policy Network for Chemical Reaction Prediction." In KDD '19: The 25th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330958.

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Johnson, J. N. "EOS of Mixtures: Phase Transformation and Explosive Reaction." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1780250.

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Garifullina, Chulpan Aydarovna, Ildar Ilyasovich Ibragimov, Ilya Mikhailovich Indrupskiy, Dmitriy Sergeevich Klimov, Ernest Sumbatovich Zakirov, and Rifkhat Zinnurovich Sakhabutdinov. "Investigation of CO2 Utilization Processes on Metal-Containing Fillers with Generation of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbons." In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206612-ms.

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Abstract Continuing consumption of fossil fuels around the world, which has led to an increasing concentration of carbon dioxide CO2 in the atmosphere and global climate change caused by greenhouse gases, has become one of the main challenges for humanity. Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide in order to obtain valuable carbon-containing products and materials is one of the decarbonization directions. There is much research in the world dedicated to the hydrogenation of CO2 to various hydrocarbons, such as methane, lower olefins, long-chain hydrocarbons, formic acid, methanol and higher alcohols, which are produced by catalytic reactions with various mechanisms. There are still significant challenges associated with the need for an external source of hydrogen, high process temperatures, and the development of active, selective, and stable catalysts that would be suitable for large-scale production. This paper presents results of research on a CO2 utilization method with hydrogen and hydrocarbons production – the transformation of wastes into a source of energy, which allows solving environmental and energy problems. The method described in this paper consists in the interaction of metallic fillers with water saturated with carbon dioxide in a reactor at low (room) temperatures and further analysis of the resulting gas mixture using a chromatograph. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the produced gas composition, study of the effect of reaction system volume, filler composition and structure, and process temperature on the reaction product yield are presented. The results of theoretical and experimental analysis of the reactions underlying the process are given, and the economic potential of the proposed laboratory method is evaluated.
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Hook, David, Seymen Aygun, William Borland, and Jon-Paul Maria. "Low-temperature thin film nitride transformation reactions." In 2012 IEEE 38th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2012.6317701.

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Yang, Fuqi, Daozhi Wei, Aobo Qiu, Junwei Li, and Li Xiangdong. "Multi-Sensor Co-Detection Alliance Solving Based on Chemical Reaction Optimization Algorithm." In 2023 Smart City Challenges & Outcomes for Urban Transformation (SCOUT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scout58937.2023.00029.

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Reports on the topic "Transformative reaction"

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Ketterer, Juan Antonio. Digital Finance: New Times, New Challenges, New Opportunities. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007028.

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Since the end of the great crisis of 2007-10, the financial services industry began a process of accelerating change. New business models based on convergent technological developments are challenging the status quo of a long-established and traditional industry. The purpose of this document is to consider the latest developments in the financial services industry and to discuss how they might affect the ability for firms--particularly small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)--and individuals to access financing. It concludes that the transformative developments in the financial services industry will most likely improve and expand access of firms and individuals to finance, as well as increase formalization and financial inclusion. Some hurdles and risks that may hamper and/or delay the process are identified: the reaction of the industry incumbents, the lack of appropriate and timely regulation, the lack of access to good-quality and affordable digital connectivity (broadband access), and the unforeseen and seriously disruptive changes that might come from the payments space. To confront these risks, the public sector must define a set of proper and timely responses. The strategy for public interventions must be defined based on a deep understanding of the forces that are driving the change.
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Bull, Benedicte. A Social compromise for the Anthropocene? Elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement and the prospects for a Latin American transformative green state. Fundación Carolina, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfo07en.

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The world is urgently facing the need for a “green transformation”, involving not only a transition towards the use renewable energy and reduction of biodiversity loss, but a deep social change towards social justice and sustainability. Such action requires social compromises between elites and popular sectors that allow the building of strong institutions to implement changes. Latin America is faced with huge tasks to increase equality, justice and sustainability, but it also plays a pivotal role in the global green transformation. The region is further characterized by both strong elites, strong socio-environmental movements and deep environmental conflicts making social compromises difficult. This Working Paper discusses elite reactions to the most advanced regional agreement on environmental regulation and conflict resolution, the Escazù Agreement. In many countries, elites opposed it vehemently referring to national sovereignty, but particularly rejecting the institutional implications of the agreement involving a stronger compromise to allow popular participation. This was opposed by economic elites in democratic countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Peru) as well as governmental elites in authoritarian countries (El Salvador and Venezuela). However, in various cases, elite opposition was overcome after popular mobilization and dialogue. The paper discusses what we can learn from elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement of importance for future social compromises as a basis for the emergence for transformative states in Latin America.
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J. Helble, Clara Smith, and David Miller. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reaction and Transformation of Hg and Trace Metals in Combustion Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1004877.

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Page, Martin, Bruce MacAllister, Marissa Campobasso, Angela Urban, Catherine Thomas, Clinton Cender, Clint Arnett, et al. Optimizing the Harmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System (HABITATS). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42223.

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) continue to affect lakes and waterways across the nation, often resulting in environmental and economic damage at regional scales. The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) and collaborators have continued research on the Harmful Algal Bloom Interception, Treatment, and Transformation System (HABITATS) project to develop a rapidly deployable and scalable system for mitigating large HABs. The second year of the project focused on optimization research, including (1) development of a new organic flocculant formulation for neutralization and flotation of algal cells; (2) testing and initial optimization of a new, high-throughput biomass dewatering system with low power requirements; (3) development, design, assembly, and initial testing of the first shipboard HABITATS prototype; (4) execution of two field pilot studies of interception and treatment systems in coordination with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; (5) conversion of algal biomass into biocrude fuel at pilot scale with a 33% increase in yield compared to the previous bench scale continuous-flow reactor studies; and (6) refinement of a scalability analysis and optimization model to guide the future development of full-scale prototypes.
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Baxley, J. S., and J. R. Wells. The Hydroxyl Radical Reaction Rate Constant and Atmospheric Transformation Products of 2-Butanol and 2-Pentanol. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada380061.

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Cabrol, Marcelo, and Cristina Pombo. How Digitalization can Transform Health, Education and Work as Latin America and the Caribbean Emerge from the Pandemic. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003726.

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Like other historic disruptions, the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered chain-reactions in innovation, adaptation, and rapid behavioral change. The Latin American and Caribbean Region is no exception. The COVID-19 crisis has exposed a vast, pent-up demand for improvements in the quality, convenience, and cost of basic public services. While the ongoing human and economic toll of the pandemic has overshadowed the potential for dramatic and lasting gains in areas such as health, education, and remote work, it is not too early to ask how these gains might be retained and reinforced. This report highlights opportunities in telemedicine, tele-education, and telework the three areas we think are best positioned to achieve a profound digital transformation in the near-term. For each area, we offer a summary of the status quo, examples of early movers and innovators, and key questions regarding policy actions that can accelerate current trends.
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Féry, Guillaume. The Digital Journey of Water and Sanitation Utilities in Latin America and The Caribbean: What is at Stake and How to Begin. Edited by Marcello Basani and Xoán Fernández. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004562.

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This discussion paper provides a foundation for digital transformation of water and sanitation utilities and illustrates how emerging technologies, new types of organizations, and forms of working can improve service performance and address issues related to water and wastewater management, with a focus on Latin America and the Caribbean. It also explores the fundamental dimensions of digital transformation of organizations, beyond technology, highlighting the importance of the human side of things, as well as operational impacts associated with data profusion, systems integration and interconnectivity. Finally, it shows examples of how decision-making has evolved for some front-runners, from planned and reactive operations to proactive and data-driven utilities. It aims to answer the following questions: What does digital transformation mean for the Water and Sanitation sector? What lessons can be learned from peers around the world? What are the learning points for the LAC region, considering the specific local context and its priorities? The authors also want to offer some tangible illustrations and actionable insights for professionals, wherever their organizations stand along the journey to a fully digital, connected, and data-driven company. The target audience is anyone interested in this sector, with a special focus on key actors in the ecosystem (such as regulators as well as practitioners). The goal of this paper is to raise awareness among people from water and sanitation utilities and, most importantly, provide them with insights to get started with their digital journey.
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Borch, Thomas, Yitzhak Hadar, and Tamara Polubesova. Environmental fate of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites: Biodegradation, complexation, and photodegradation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597927.bard.

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Many pharmaceutical compounds are active at very low doses, and a portion of them regularly enters municipal sewage systems and wastewater-treatment plants following use, where they often do not fully degrade. Two such compounds, CBZ and LTG, have been detected in wastewater effluents, surface waters, drinking water, and irrigation water, where they pose a risk to the environment and the food supply. These compounds are expected to interact with organic matter in the environment, but little is known about the effect of such interactions on their environmental fate and transport. The original objectives of our research, as defined in the approved proposal, were to: Determine the rates, mechanisms and products of photodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites in waters exposed to near UV light, and the influence of DOM type and binding processes on photodegradation. Determine the potential and pathways for biodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites using a white rot fungus (Pleurotusostreatus) and ADP, and reveal the effect of DOM complexation on these processes. Reveal the major mechanisms of binding of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to DOM and soil in the presence of DOM, and evaluate the effect of this binding on their photodegradation and/or biodegradation. We determined that LTG undergoes relatively slow photodegradation when exposed to UV light, and that pH affects each of LTG’s ability to absorb UV light, the efficiency of the resulting reaction, and the identities of LTG’sphotoproducts (t½ = 230 to 500 h during summer at latitude 40 °N). We observed that LTG’sphotodegradation is enhanced in the presence of DOM, and hypothesized that LTG undergoes direct reactions with DOM components through nucleophilic substitution reactions. In combination, these data suggest that LTG’s fate and transport in surface waters are controlled by environmental conditions that vary with time and location, potentially affecting the environment and irrigation waters. We determined that P. ostreatusgrows faster in a rich liquid medium (glucose peptone) than on a natural lignocellulosic substrate (cotton stalks) under SSF conditions, but that the overall CBZ removal rate was similar in both media. Different and more varied transformation products formed in the solid state culture, and we hypothesized that CBZ degradation would proceed further when P. ostreatusand the ᵉⁿᶻʸᵐᵃᵗⁱᶜ ᵖʳᵒᶠⁱˡᵉ ʷᵉʳᵉ ᵗᵘⁿᵉᵈ ᵗᵒ ˡⁱᵍⁿⁱⁿ ᵈᵉᵍʳᵃᵈᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ. ᵂᵉ ᵒᵇˢᵉʳᵛᵉᵈ ¹⁴C⁻Cᴼ2 ʳᵉˡᵉᵃˢᵉ ʷʰᵉⁿ ¹⁴C⁻ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿʸˡ⁻ labeled CBZ was used as the substrate in the solid state culture (17.4% of the initial radioactivity after 63 days of incubation), but could not conclude that mineralization had occurred. In comparison, we determined that LTG does not degrade in agricultural soils irrigated with treated wastewater, but that P. ostreatusremoves up to 70% of LTG in a glucose peptone medium. We detected various metabolites, including N-oxides and glycosides, but are still working to determine the degradation pathway. In combination, these data suggest that P. ostreatuscould be an innovative and effective tool for CBZ and LTG remediation in the environment and in wastewater used for irrigation. In batch experiments, we determined that the sorption of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to agricultural soils was governed mainly by SOM levels. In lysimeter experiments, we also observed LTG and CBZ accumulation in top soil layers enriched with organic matter. However, we detected CBZ and one of its metabolites in rain-fed wheat previously irrigated with treated wastewater, suggesting that their sorption was reversible, and indicating the potential for plant uptake and leaching. Finally, we used macroscale analyses (including adsorption/desorption trials and resin-based separations) with molecular- level characterization by FT-ICR MS to demonstrate the adsorptive fractionation of DOM from composted biosolids by mineral soil. This suggests that changes in soil and organic matter types will influence the extent of LTG and CBZ sorption to agricultural soils, as well as the potential for plant uptake and leaching.
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Lundin, C. D., and S. Mohammed. Effect of welding conditions on transformation and properties of heat-affected zones in LWR (light-water reactor) vessel steels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6337784.

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Chorover, Jon, Karl T. Mueller, Peggy O'Day, R. Jeff Serne, Wooyong Um, and Carl Steefel. Coupling Sorption to Soil Weathering During Reactive Transport: Impacts of Mineral Transformation and Sorbate Aging on Contaminant Speciation and Mobility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/896017.

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