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Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff. "Youth employment and parental transfers /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7403.
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Pusey, Amanda. "The effect of parental marital status on transfers from adult children to their elderly parents." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3613.
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Renoirt, Matthias. "Influence de l’habitat sur l’écologie et la physiologie du crapaud épineux (Bufo spinosus)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS041.
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Un grand nombre d’études ont mis en avant les effets négatifs des pressions anthropiques dans le temps et dans l’espace sur la biodiversité. Parmi ces pressions anthropiques, les activités et l’expansion agricole jouent un rôle principal dans la modification des milieux et dans la perte de biodiversité. De fait, la question de la persistance des espèces animales dans ce type de milieux se pose. C’est dans ce contexte que ma thèse s’axe. Afin d’étudier les réponses des organismes à un milieu dégradé et les contraintes du paysage sur différents traits d’histoire de vie et l’écologie, je travaille spécifiquement sur une espèce d’amphibien occupant des milieux allant de fortement conservés à fortement dégradés. Afin de comparer les populations de crapauds épineux (Bufo spinosus) forestières et les populations agricoles, j’utilise un vaste panel de marqueurs pour examiner (1) la structure génétique des populations (marqueurs microsatellites), (2) l’écologie alimentaire (isotopes stables), (3) la qualité individuelle (télomères, morphologie, traits de développement) et son impact sur la reproduction. De ce fait et au cours de cette thèse, j’ai pu mettre en relation de nombreux facteurs associés aux paysages agricoles qui soulèvent de nombreuses questions quant au maintien des populations de crapauds épineux. Ainsi, nous avons pu montrer un effet significatif des fertilisants sur la signature isotopique en δ15N des populations de B.spinosus. Aussi, nous avons pu souligner que l’environnement agricole reste suffisamment perméable au maintien de la diversité génétique. Cependant, nous avons mis en évidence de nombreuses contraintes de ce milieu sur la reproduction des populations d’amphibiens, que ce soit par la faible (voir l’absence) abondance de femelles sur les sites de reproduction, et/ou directement sur le succès reproducteur et la qualité de la progéniture. Ces résultats suggèrent de possibles effets à long terme sur les populations d’amphibiens et nous suggérons d’approfondir les différentes voies de recherche que nous suggérons tout au long de cette thèse afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents à ces résultats et de trouver des solutions quant à la pérennité des espèces sauvages qui n’ont d’autres choix que de s’adapterA large number of studies have highlighted the negative effects of anthropogenic pressures intime and space on biodiversity. Among these anthropogenic pressures, agricultural activities and expansion play a major role in the modification of environments and in the loss of biodiversity. Questions whether animal species persist in this type of environment arises. My thesis is based on this context. We aimed at study the responses of organism to a degraded environment and the landscape constraints on life history traits and ecology. My work is focused specifically on an amphibian species persisting in habitat ranging from highly conserved to highly degraded by agricultural activities. In order to compare forest and agricultural populations of model species (Spined toad, Bufo spinosus), I relied on a wide variety of markers to examine (1) population genetic structure (micro-satellite markers), (2) feeding ecology (stable isotope), (3) individual quality (telomeres, morphology, developmental traits) and the impact on reproduction. As a result, I was able to connect many factors associated with agricultural landscapes that raised many questions about the persistence of spined toad populations. We were able to show a significant effect of fertilizers on the δ15N isotopic signature of B.spinosus populations. Moreover, we highlighted that agricultural environment allows genetic diversity between populations. However, using correlative approaches, we pointed out various on strains of this environment on the reproduction of amphibians populations, either through low (or no) abundance of females on breeding sites, and/or directly on reproductive success and offspring quality. These results suggest possible long-term effects on amphibian populations, and we suggest that the various avenues of research we suggested throughout this thesis should be pursued in order to better understand the mechanisms underlying these results and to find solutions for the sustainability of wild species that have no choice but to adapt
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Lei, Xiaoyan. "Public and private transfers essays on transfers to children and parents /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1467890571&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Mann, Glenys. "An exploration of parental decisions to transfer children from regular to special schools." Thesis, The University of Queensland, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/129228/1/s3500424_phd_thesis_final.pdf.
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It is of ongoing concern that disability continues to be connected with disadvantage and thatchildren with disability are less likely to experience an optimal school life than those without. It iswidely believed that an inclusive approach will address inequities in the schooling system, andmany governments have adopted this philosophy through the development of inclusive educationpolicies. In spite of these policies, the good school life that inclusive education promises hasremained elusive to many students, particularly those with intellectual disability. Traditionalpractices such as segregation persist, and students with intellectual disability continue to experienceeducational exclusion in many forms; one example is the continued provision of separate specialschools, unexpected given the widespread nature of inclusive education reform. The existence ofsegregated school settings within inclusive education systems has been explained in a number ofways. One explanation is that parents are divided in their school preferences when their childrenhave a disability. A policy of choice is necessary, it has been argued, in order to provide parentswith the options of both regular and special school enrolment.
The literature is clear that parents are accorded significant authority regarding schoolenrolment for their children and that parental choice has been a driving force in both thepreservation of the special school system and inclusive education reform. It is unlikely, however,that a parent’s decision regarding school enrolment is merely a simple preference for a regular orspecial school. Research indicates that parental decision-making in this regard is influenced by anumber of factors other than individual preference, for example, professional opinion. Usingparental choice as a justification for maintaining a segregated schooling system is a questionableargument without a deeper understanding of the decision-making process in which parents engage.
The decision to transfer from a regular to a special school is a particularly potent illustration of thecomplex and ongoing nature of decision-making when children have an intellectual disability andoffers scope for exploring the parental decision-making process.
This thesis used a sequential, multi-phase, mixed-methods research design to investigate theparental decision to transfer a child from a regular to a special school. The aims of the study were tofirstly explore parental perceptions of what constitutes an optimal school life and whether this isdifferent when a child has an intellectual disability; and secondly to investigate the specificcircumstances surrounding a parent’s decision to leave regular schooling. Three phases of datacollection were undertaken: Focus group interviews were used to explore the views of 30 parents(of children with and without disability) regarding the features of an optimal school life, and thedecision-making process regarding school enrolment; narrative research was then undertaken withone parent who had decided to transfer a child from a regular to a special school; and finally, surveymethodology was used to more widely investigate parental decisions to transfer to special school. The theoretical underpinning of this investigation was Social Role Valorization (Wolfensberger,1998) which focuses on the pivotal link between perceptions, social roles and access to the goodthings of life.
My own experiences as a mother navigating her way through school choice for a child withintellectual disability have been woven through this thesis. This narrative thread serves both tomake clear the personal stance which has inevitably influenced the research process, and to providea unifying voice through the various stages of the investigation. Findings from each stage have beenbrought together in the final chapter of the thesis and considered in light of the overarching researchquestion, that is, understanding parents’ decision to transfer their children to a special school. Theconclusion is reached that parents connected an optimal school life with growth, connection,personhood, and wellbeing, and that these elements were not as readily available when a child hadan intellectual disability. Parents’ hopes for what they saw as an optimal school life sometimes ledthem to transfer to a special school. So too, did the experiences of families in the regular school.
Many parents indicated that disillusionment with their children’s mainstream enrolment was acritical reason for leaving regular schooling. Children’s learning was an especially crucial factor indecision-making; barriers to learning (e.g., inadequate specialist support, work that was too hard)were influential in the decision to transfer, and were closely linked to wellbeing and to schoolculture. Many parents indicated that they and their children were stressed in the regular school, andthat children were excluded, unwelcome, unhappy, had no friends, and were not feeling successful.
Additionally, overall results confirmed that the parental decision-making process was morecomplex when children had an intellectual disability, and was made even more complicated by thepower imbalance in the parent/educator relationship. Nearly two-thirds of survey respondentsindicated that someone in authority had told them it was best to leave the regular school, and bothovert and subtle pressure from educators regarding school enrolment decisions were themes in thenarrative and focus group findings. It was clear that parents were keen to take responsibility fortheir enrolment decision, but could be undermined in the decision-making process by professionalopinion. Finally, a Social Role Valorization framework was used in the closing discussion toexplore the findings more deeply. The use of this framework provided important insights into theimpact of a child’s intellectual disability on parental decision-making, illuminating the unconsciousdevaluation and wounding that still occur despite inclusive reform, and the connection betweendevaluation, wounding, parents’ mindsets, parental hopes for their children, and decisions totransfer to a special school setting.
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Mostafavi, Dehzooei Mohammad Hadi. "Essays in Labor and Development Economics." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82718.
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This dissertation provides program evaluation and policy analysis evidence from USA and Iran. The first chapter studies the impact of paid leave legislation on women employment. We employ California’s first-in-the-nation Paid Family Leave program to draw inference using difference-in-differences and triple differences methods. The change in the employment outcomes for women before and after this program is compared to the change in similar outcomes for a set of control groups. We find that women’s employment increased in the intensive margin but not extensive margin. We also find that wages increased for married prime-age and decreased for highly educated young women.
The second chapter provides evidence on the impact of a nation-wide unconditional cash transfer program in Iran on labor supply. As compensation for the removal of bread and energy subsidies in 2011, the government of Iran started monthly deposits of cash into individual family accounts amounting to 29% of the median household income. A popular outcry against the subsidy reform program has focused on the negative labor supply effects of the cash transfers on the poor. We use panel data to study the impact of these transfers on the labor supply of poor households and individuals during the first two years of the program, before inflation reduced their value.
We use the exogenous variation in the value of the cash transfers relative to household income to estimate the impact of the transfers on labor supply of individuals using fixed effects method. We also use a difference-in-differences methodology using the variation in the time households first started receiving transfers. Although everyone was eligible to receive cash transfers starting January 2011, about 20 percent of the households who for one reason or another did not submit their application in time, started receiving it three months later. Neither set of results support the hypothesis that cash transfers reduced labor supply as measured by hours of work or probability of employment.
The third chapter analyses what happens to the welfare of households and the budget of the government if it implements further price reforms in Iran. Five years into the reform, energy prices in Iran were still well below international levels. The impacts of a gradualist approach to price increase versus a one-off approach are simulated in this chapter. Under the gradualist approach government savings (reduction in foregone earnings) from selling subsidized items will increase by 20.2 trillion Rials or 0.18 percent of GDP in 2014. Half of these savings is needed as transfers to households to keep the poverty rate constant by paying each person 17,059 Rials per month. A one-off price increase would have a large effect on poverty and would require transfers equivalent to 203,775 Rials per person per month. Government savings after transfers would equal 96.4 trillion Rials or 0.87 percent of GDP.Ph. D.
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Armstrong, Angus. "How parent transfer affect children's incentives, with incomplete capital markets." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528307.
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Nickerson, Terrill L. "Parents' Perceptions of Academic Progress Information Access and Dual Enrollment Student Success." Thesis, Walden University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3742228.
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To comply with The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) regulations, parents of high school students taking college classes as part of a dual enrollment program have to employ alternative monitoring practices to remain informed about their students’ academic progress. This quantitative research study explored how parents’ perceptions of access to student academic progress information correlated with their students’ academic performance based on cumulative grade point average (GPA) in college classes. Credit-based transition programs (CBTP) and parent monitoring theory provided the framework. All 867 parents of students under age 18 enrolled in the dual enrollment program at an urban community college in a western state during the winter quarter 2015 were asked to respond a 10 question survey instrument, modified from Stattin and Kerr (2000) and six demographic indicators. The results of 59 returned questionnaires were linked to GPAs of students using descriptive and correlational statistics. A small response (6.8%) limited the ability to correlate parental perceptions and dual enrollment success in college courses. No significance was demonstrated; however, when cumulative GPAs and parent responses on the survey instrument were correlated using split-cases with demographic indictors, six significant correlations appeared. These indicated that parents do appear to play some significant role in supporting their dual enrollment student’s success in college courses. As a result, colleges may want to find mechanisms for parents of dual enrollment students to stay engaged without compromising the FERPA regulations.
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Robinson, Audrey. "Black and Hispanic Male Transfer Students' Experiences of Persistence at a Four-Year Research Institution." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77147.
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Education is important for keeping people productively employed and gaining important credentials for making positive life changes. Despite the gains in educational access, a gap in education achievement still exists between White and minority students in America. Many people of color are unemployed and continue to experience high poverty rates compared to the non-Hispanic White population. The racial minority population continues to be disproportionately underrepresented in higher education and degree attainment.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the phenomena of persistence to graduating senior status for Black and Hispanic students who transferred from a two-year degree granting community college to Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). Data were collected using two face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with each of the Black and Hispanic male transfer students. A constant comparative technique was used to analyze the data. The data collection and analysis was used to answer the following research question. How do Black and Hispanic transfer students who have persisted to graduating senior status describe: (a) their academic experiences, (b) their social experiences, (c) motivators that contributed to their persistence in undergraduate studies, (d) personal characteristics necessary for successful post-transfer persistence in undergraduate studies, and (e) institutional attributes necessary for successful post-transfer persistence in undergraduate studies at Virginia Tech? The data analysis resulted in the identification of five themes: (a) transfer students had a personal commitment to achieve their academic goals despite the hindrances they experienced; (b) transfer students' academic performance was influenced by family expectations; (c) encouraging support from family, friends, faculty, and peer students was a factor for transfer students' persistence; (d) building relationships within the campus community influenced transfer students' persistence; and (e) learning from life lessons contributed to the transfer students' persistence.
This document concludes with a discussion of the results that may be used to inform future practice, policy, and research in higher education about five Black and Hispanic male transfer students' experiences of persistence. These students successfully adjusted to the university, made meaningful academic and social connections, became attached to the university, and are continuing in higher education.Ph. D.
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Axelsson, Johannes, and Linn Elam. "Ett steg närmare hem : Föräldrars upplevelser av överflytt från BIVA till vårdavdelning." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10081.
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När det är dags för ett barn att överflyttas från en barnintensivvårdsavdelning (BIVA) till en vanlig vårdavdelning lämnas en känd miljö med känd personal och noggrann monitorering för att påbörja en ny fas på ett okänt ställe. Denna nya fas kan för föräldrarna representera förbättring av barnets hälsa och ett steg närmare hem, men är också initialt en period av oro, stress och rädsla. Studiens syfte var att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser av överflyttning av sitt barn från BIVA till vårdavdelning. En kvalitativ metod användes med intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod där fem föräldrar intervjuades. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys valdes som analysmetod. Resultatet visar att information om vårdavdelningen, möjligheter för smärtlindring till barnet och innehåll i det som överrapporteras var viktigast för att känna kontroll och trygghet. Det sågs stora skillnader mellan BIVA och avdelningen men överflyttningen upplevdes även som ett positivt steg för förbättring och hemgång. Föräldrarna hade överlag en positiv upplevelse av överflyttningen. Kontroll och trygghet är viktigt vårdtiden igenom och så också under överflyttningen. Den minskade vårdnivån innebar att föräldrar fick ta ett större egenansvar.
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Buford, Terry A. "Transfer of responsibility for asthma self-management from parents to their school-age children /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036810.
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Buford, Terry A. Hall. "Transfer of responsibility for asthma self-management from parents to their school-age children." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036810.
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Kahola, Tabu Olivier. "Ménages et pratiques de la solidarité à Lubumbashi: transfert des parents, stratégies de cohésion et vie conjugale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209509.
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Le transfert des parents est considéré à Lubumbashi comme une manifestation des solidarités familiales. Cependant, l’échange des parents n’est pas extensif comme le véhicule les discours sur la solidarité. L’hébergement est électif et s’exerce en fonction de certaines modalités. Je constate que les conjoints rendent prioritairement les bienfaits aux parents qui les avaient aidés dans le parcours de leur vie. Cette logique contredit les discours sur la spontanéité et la gratuité d’entraide. Elle s’inscrit par contre dans le principe du don et contre-don. Aussi, la valorisation excessive de la solidarité cache plusieurs récriminations dans le vécu des ménages. En privé, les conjoints ne tarissent pas des dénonciations contre l’hébergement des parents. Certains informateurs disent que l’insertion est une charge supplémentaire (ni charge). Ils déplorent également des violences verbales et physiques dont sont victimes les parents hébergés et les conjoints. D’autres, décrient les frustrations conjugales. L’exiguïté du logement et le confinement des parents font que les conjoints n’ont presque pas d’espace intime. Les solutions au logement des parents sont trouvées dans la promiscuité. Pour leurs rapports sexuels, les conjoints recourent à plusieurs tactiques de dissimulation. De même, la proximité des parents de sexe opposé occasionne des rapports sexuels interdits par la coutume. Je relève aussi entre les conjoints des pratiques d’entraide souterraine qui posent la question des limites entre la moralité et l’immoralité dans l’assistance des proches parents/ The transfer of parents is considered to Lubumbashi as a manifestation of family solidarity. However, the exchange of the parents is not as extensive vehicle discourse on solidarity. Accommodation is elective and is exercised in accordance with certain rules. I find that spouses make priority benefits to parents who had helped in the course of their lives. This contradicts the logic of speech spontaneity and free support. It fits in with against the principle of gift-giving and cons.
Also, the excessive value of solidarity hides many recriminations lived in households. In private, spouses are full of denunciations against hosting parents. Some informants say that integration is an additional charge (or charges). They also complained of verbal and physical abuse suffered by parents and spouses hosted. Others decry the marital frustrations. The cramped housing and containment of parents do that spouses have almost no private space. Solutions to the housing Parents are found in promiscuity. Their sex, spouses use several tactics of concealment. Similarly, the proximity of the parents of the opposite sex causes sex forbidden by custom. I would also between spouses practices support underground raise the question of boundaries between morality and immorality in assisting relatives.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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DI, STEFANO ENRICA. "Home leaving in Italy: why so late?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1077.
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In Chapter 1, I provide an overview of the relevant literature on the home exit choice
by discussing both reduced-form and structural models. The most promising ap-
proaches allow the residential arrangements to be simultaneously chosen with other
aspects such as supply of labor, investment in human capital, etc. Also, the ex-
plicit consideration of the intra-family strategic interactions appears to be desirable
in models studying the departure from the parental home.
In Chapter 2, I use data from the Bank of Italy to provide a descriptive picture
on the home exit patterns in Italy. I first discuss extensively the data and the is-
sues related to their use in the analysis of the home exit choice. Then, I provide
evidence on the home exit in Italy along two dimensions: (i) a cross-country com-
parison showing that Italy has exceptionally large parents-children coresidence rates;
and (ii) a cohort-comparison showing that coresidence is increasing among younger
generations. Finally, based on the descriptive analysis, I estimate a simple reduced-
form model of the probability of leaving the parental home.
In Chapter 3, I develop a dynamic discrete choice model in which agents simultaneously choose labor supply, residential arrangements and marital status, conditional
on the economic and institutional framework. The model is structurally estimated
with the Method of Simulated Moments for Italy. It is then exploited to provide
a quantitative assessment on the role of factors that are considered relevant by the
existing literature. Results suggest that, in Italy, parental transfers act as insurance
against unemployment and that higher parental income would delay the exit from
home. Labor market conditions are also found to be important. Lower wages are in
fact associated to higher coresidence rates and a 10 percent increase in real wages
is expected to fill the employment gap between North and South. Finally, housing
costs also have a role. A 10 percent subsidy on rents would lower the percentage of
individuals residing with their parents by 5 p.p., in every age class.
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Grahn, Sally. "A failure of Europeanisation? : A comparative case study of parental leave policy mobility in the European Union." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-37061.
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Parental leave policies have been shown to play a significant role in enhancing gender equality. The European Union has recognised this and has issued a Directive to its Member States, in order to instigate parental leave policy reform. However, not all Member States have sought to implement this. This thesis addresses this problem and seeks to answer the following research question: Why have progressive parental leave policies failed to transfer across the European Union? In doing so, this study also aims to explore the limits of Europeanisation. The research question has been addressed through a qualitative comparative case study of four European Union Member States: Sweden, Denmark, Hungary and Greece. These states have been chosen on the basis of Most Different System Design. The thesis deploys a theoretical framework based upon concepts of Europeanisation and policy mobility and draws particularly on the work of Stone’s four core concepts of policy mobility: Diffusion, Transfer, Convergence, Translation (Stone, 2012). The key factors that have been identified in this study as restricting the potential of a policy to transfer are: institutional surroundings, shared beliefs and norms, internal political dynamics and a lack of force/action from the European Union. These differences have acted to constrain the transferability of progressive parental leave policy across the European Union and therefore the process of Europeanisation in this area.
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Snyder, Kevin C. "Single parent, first-generation college students who transfer to a bachelor's degree institution a phenomenological investigation." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4647.
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This qualitative, phenomenological research study was conducted to investigate the influences of self-efficacy on the college experiences and beliefs about capabilities of single parent, first-generation, transfer students. Consistent and strong levels of self-efficacy were revealed within each of the eight participants. Major participant themes identified through the Pattern Recognition Flowchart include that (a) children are a primary source of motivation and influence, (b) education is the pathway for a better future and career, (c) participants possess strong academic and personal efficacy, (d) participants possess a support network and (e) first-generation status serves as a motivating factor. Minor themes include that participants (a) were influenced by strong role models and positive encouragement and (b) possessed an ability to persevere through significant obstacles. While several of the themes corroborated extant research, some themes supported a unique perspective for this growing student population.ID: 029809771; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 324-340).
Ed.D.
Doctorate
School of Teaching, Learning, and Leadership
Education
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Papuchon, Adrien. "Les transferts intergénérationnels des parents à leurs descendants en Europe : la solidarité comme mécanisme de (re)production des inégalités." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0046.
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Un consensus s’est formé autour de l’idée que la solidarité familiale ferait contrepoids à l’augmentation des inégalités et que le pays constituerait - à un âge donné - le principal facteur de différenciation dans sa mise en œuvre. Au contraire, les résultats exposés montrent comment l’intervention familiale contribue à stratifier, dans chaque contexte national, les conditions d’entrée dans la vie adulte. A l’aide de l’enquête SHARE (Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement), nous étudions le déploiement dans treize pays européens des trois principaux types de transfert intergénérationnel réalisés par les parents en direction de leurs descendants adultes : les dons d’argent, le maintien des jeunes au foyer parental, et les services rendus. Dans tous les pays, ces pratiques constituent des vecteurs de transmission des inégalités d’une génération à l’autre : les dons d’argent dépendent fortement des ressources des pourvoyeurs - en particulier de leur patrimoine -, la cohabitation aboutit à des inégalités significatives du point de vue des ressources perçues, et les services, quoiqu’apparemment guidés par les besoins des jeunes adultes, jouent un rôle significatif dans la reproduction de la division genrée du travail domestique. En définitive, cette thèse contribue à réorienter le regard sur les déterminants et les impacts sociaux de la solidarité familiale, ainsi que sur l’articulation en Europe entre les trois « piliers » du Welfare (public, marchand et familial). Elle incite à réviser la vision usuelle des conséquences en terme de stratification sociale de l’inégale intervention familiale dans les premières années de la vie adulteFamily solidarity is usually regarded as a counterweight to the growth of inequalities, and - for a given age - the country is considered a major differentiation factor in its implementation process. On the contrary, our results show how family intervention stratifies, in each national context, the transition to adulthood and contributes to the transmission of social inequalities from one generation to another. Building on the SHARE survey project, we compare the development of the three main kinds of intergenerational transfers from parents to their offspring in thirteen European countries : monetary gifts, intergenerational coresidency and time transfers. In the whole set of countries, these practices are vectors of intergenerational transmission of inequalities : gifts are largely based upon parents’ resources - and, above all, their wealth -, coresidency brings out significant inequalities to its beneficiaries, and social support, even if apparently answering children’s needs, plays an essential role in the reproduction of the gendered division of domestic work. As a consequence, this work advocates for a new focus on determinants and social impacts of family solidarity, and sheds new light on the relation between the three “pillars” of the welfare regime (public sector, market, family). Last but not least, it leads to a renovation of the traditional understanding of consequences of the unequal family intervention during the first years of adulthood
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Rowlands, Kate Elizabeth. "Transfer of HRM practices from parent to host multinational companies : case study evidence from the retail sector in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/transfer-of-hrm-practices-from-parent-to-host-multinational-companies-case-stusy-evidence-from-the-retail-sector-in-malaysia(997bb425-0b8b-45e1-bc06-9f06b244bedc).html.
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This thesis focuses on an examination of the organisational framework of Human Resource Management within the UK and Malaysia. There is a particular emphasis on how the parent and host company interact to shape the process and delivery of HRM policy development in order to meet the challenges of improving the working environment for staff. There is an abundance of HRM literature on the subject of multinational companies within the Western context, but there is limited discourse on the transferral of HRM practices from a Western parent company to a developing country subsidiary, particularly in the retail sector. This study attempts to address the need for more research within this field through examining the HRM practices within the host subsidiary of a multinational retailer in the context of Malaysia. A mixed method approach was adopted using a combination of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to gather data for the study. An analysis using both qualitative and quantitative techniques was used to examine the data. The findings of this study have supported earlier Western-based literature, which identifies the need for organisations to adapt their HRM practices to local cultures and customs in order to guarantee organisational success across geographical boundaries. Moreover, this study has identified a gap within such literature, which highlights the differences in more depth, specifically the differences of cultural perceptions at each level of occupational job role within the multinational company.
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Tracey, Kerryn A. "Collaborations between music therapist and parents to transfer music therapy activities into the home context for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58977.
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This qualitative research study explored areas of similarity and contrast between a music therapy student's interpretations of selected audiovisual excerpts from music therapy sessions with a child with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and his parent's interpretations of the same. A further feature of the study was investigating how these interpretations could inform the collaborative creation of a music activity for use in the home environment. Eight one-on-one music therapy sessions were conducted with an eight year-old boy with ASD at Alpha School in the Western Cape. The sessions were video recorded. Once the music therapy process was complete, four primary excerpts and five secondary excerpts were selected. Interpretations of the four primary excerpts were written by the music therapy student. A semi-structured interview consisting of two parts was then conducted with the child's parent. Part one involved eliciting the parent's interpretations of the four primary excerpts. Part two involved the viewing of the five secondary excerpts as part of a discussion between the music therapy student and parent, leading to the collaborative creation of a music activity for the home environment. The interpretations of the music therapy student and parent were matched with the music therapy student's interpretations for the purposes of qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis. Codes were derived for the interpretations, and then grouped into sub-categories and categories. Two overarching themes were then drawn from the data: operation of the music therapy student's contextual lens; and operation of the parent's lens. Within these two themes, different sub-themes were present: music therapy student’s reflexivity; focus on developing relationship; focus on clinical musical features; valuing offerings as musical; parent's pride in her child; noticing musical interactions; and focusing on successful interactions. These themes then implicitly informed the collaborative creation of a music activity for the home context.Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
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Orvik, Blanksvärd Karin. "Att flytta från regionsjukhus till hemsjukhus : föräldrars erfarenheter från neonatalvården." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-251572.
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Bakgrund: Neonatalvården i Sverige är organiserad så att nyfödda barn i behov av intensivvård vårdas en tid på regionsjukhus innan de flyttas till hemsjukhuset för fortsatt vård. Tidigare studier har visat att flytten till hemsjukhuset är en stor och påfrestande händelse för föräldrar som befinner sig i anknytningsprocessen och därför behövs ny kunskap för att förbättra rutinerna och omhändertagandet av föräldrar i samband med återtransport. Syfte: Att undersöka föräldrars erfarenheter i samband med förflyttning av barnet från neonatal intensivvårdsavdelning på regionsjukhus till hemsjukhusets neonatalavdelning. Metod: För att genomföra studien valdes en deskriptiv och kvalitativ design. Resultat: Analysen av föräldrarnas berättelser resulterade i tre olika kategorier att lämna tryggheten, att möta det nya och likheter och skillnader. Resultatet visade att föräldrarna upplevde svårigheter med att lämna tryggheten på regionsjukhuset. De kände oro för flytten till hemsjukhuset och upplevde brist på förberedelser och information. Återtransporten kom ofta oväntat och föräldrarna upplevde många gånger att barnet tvingats att lämna regionsjukhuset för tidigt. Att föräldrar och barn separerades under transporten innebar en stor känslomässig påfrestning. Skillnader i rutiner skapade oro och vissa föräldrar upplevde att hemsjukhusens lokaler och kompetensen hos personalen var sämre. Slutsats: Omhändertagandet av familjer kan förbättras avseende förberedelser och kommunikation, rutiner och likvärdig vård. Rutiner för förberedelse och kommunikation behöver utvecklas för att flytten till hemsjukhuset skall bli så positiv som möjligt för familjen och minimera störningar i anknytningsprocessen. Gemensamma vårdrutiner skulle underlätta anpassningen för föräldrar och lokaler och kompetens behöver anpassas till den verksamhet som bedrivs för att garantera likvärdig vård i olika delar av landet.Background: In Swedish neonatal care newborns in need of intensive care are transferred to specialized regional hospitals and when the infants’ condition has stabilized they are relocated to community hospitals for convalescent care. Previous studies have shown that moving from one hospital to another is a significant and stressful event for parents during the attachment process. In order to improve routines regarding the care of parents when their infants are transferred, further research is needed. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate parents’ experiences of their infants’ transfer from the intensive care unit at the regional center to the neonatal unit at the community hospital. Method: The study was performed in a descriptive and qualitative design. Findings: The analysis resulted in three different categories to leave the safe zone, to face the new and similarities and differences. The result shows that parents find it difficult to leave the safe environment of the intensive care unit. They were worried about going to the community hospital and they sensed a lack of preparations and information. The transfer often occurred unexpectedly and parents felt that their child was forced to leave the intensive care unit too early. During transport, the child was separated from the parents, which was perceived as emotionally stressful. Differences in routines created anxiety and some of the parents felt that the community hospitals did not possess the right premises and competence of staff. Conclusion: Improvements can be made regarding preparations and communication, routines and equal care. There is a need to further develop communication and routines regarding transfers within the Swedish neonatal care system in order to create a more positive experience for parents and minimize the impact on the attachment process. Standardized routines would facilitate the adaption for parents and all neonatal care units need to have adequate facilities and staff to guarantee equal health care in various parts of the country.
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Samaratunga, Mahesha. "The transfer of human resource practices from parent MNC to an overseas subsidiary : the impact of the introduction of regionalisation." Thesis, Kingston University, 2009. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20284/.
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While the transfer of "best practices" by MNCs is frequently regarded as contributing towards convergence, recent research has noted important changes in these processes, that is the diversity of the HR transfer process. While there is extensive literature on direct HRM transfers (forward diffusion) from a MNC BQ to a subsidiary, there is little on what happens when BRM transfers are mediated by a regional level. MNC regionalisation has been noted in the international business research (e.g. Perlmutter, Bartlett & Ghoshal 1989, Rugman, 2000, 2005, Schuh 2007). Authors have identified that MNCs are regionalising their business rather than operating at a country level or global level (Rugman 2002, Schuh 2007). However, how regionalisation makes impacts on HRM transfer has yet to be explored in IHRM research. Further, there has been a shortage of studies of HRM transfers in developing countries. This thesis seeks to chart some of the diversity in the transfer process. It is based on a study of a Swiss MNC, with a focus on the subsidiary in Sri Lanka and the regional HQ in India. The study outlines the changes in HR transfer that took place following regionalisation in the mid-1990s, specifically the thesis examines the impact of the introduction of a regional level, whereby HRM practice transfers to the overseas subsidiary are mediated by a regional headquarters (HQs). The thesis devised a combined model of direct and mediated HRM transfers, developed from Liu's model (2004). The Research Hypotheses (RHs) in the thesis viere concerned with the elements of cultural and institutional distances between the countries where Swiss Co, SwissCo SL and SAR HQs were located, MNC company level factors (subsidiary's strategic role, MNC structure and organizational culture compatibility), practice level factors (HRM innovation and knowledge characteristics), HRM transfer mechanisms (direct and indirect), employee implementation and internalisation, and reverse transfer. The thesis derived a set of research hypotheses (RHs) from the combination model and examined their support in the SwissCo case study before the MNC introduced regionalisation (direct transfers) and after the process (direct and mediated transfers). The thesis found support for some RHs, partial support for some, mixed support for some and limited support for others. The support found for some of the RHs varied by period. The thesis found strong support for the RHs that cultural distance and incompatible organizational cultures formed significant barriers to HRM transfer. Strong support was also found RH that HRM transfer Is easier where subsidiaries and employees perceived an HRM transfer to be of benefit to them. The thesis makes a contribution to the development of knowledge and theory on HRM transfers, especially for HRM transfer to a subsidiary taking place when a regional layer is present.
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Knape, Camilla, and Christina Remmert. "Förflyttning av barn med hjärtsjukdomar, mellan barnintensivvårdsavdelning och vårdavdelningen, ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30367.
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It takes several acute and planned transfers between children's intensive care and children's cardiology ward of the week, of children with heartdiseses. At the acute movements it can be difficult for the nurse to take time for the parents. When the nurses talk about how they communicate and take care of the parents, at the movements of the children, it may increase nurses' awareness regarding how parents are treated. The purpose of the study was to describe how nurses feel that parental perspective into account the movement of children with heart disease between the child intensive care and ward. The study was conducted with six nurses in two focus group interviews, and analyzed as a content analysis. The categories that emerged from the study were: information, availability and security. Nurses experienced parental perspective into account, through information on the movement. Accessibility to the nurses affected by the lack of time and that the movement was take at short notice. Time was an area that was identified as a problem, increased accessibility for the nurse to be there for the parents, would give them greater security. To lodge security, it was important for parents to get information about where they would be moved. Further research may lead to attention of the parental perspective and that nurses can influence and improve the way information is given to the parents and a better reporting of what information is given and what they need for further information.Det sker flera akuta och planerade förflyttningar mellan barnintensiven (BIVA) och barnkardiologavdelningen varje vecka, av hjärtsjuka barn. Vid de akuta förflyttningarna kan det vara svårt för sjuksköterskan att ta sig tid till föräldrarna.Genom att sjuksköterskorna samtalar om hur de informerar och tar om hand föräldrarna, vid förflyttningar av barnen, kan det öka sjuksköterskors medvetenhet gällande hur föräldrar bemöts. Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskorna upplever att föräldraperspektivet beaktas vid förflyttning av hjärtsjuka barn mellan BIVA och vårdavdelningen. Studien utfördes med sex sjuksköterskor i två fokusgruppsintervjuer, och analyserades enligt en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Kategorierna som framkom i studien var information, tillgänglighet och trygghet. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att föräldraperspektivet beaktades, genom information om förflyttning. Tillgänglighet till sjuksköterskan påverkas av tidsbrist även att beslut om förflyttning tas med kort varsel. För att inge trygghet var det viktigt för föräldrarna att få information om dit de skulle flyttas. Vidare forskning kan leda till att föräldraperspektivet uppmärksammas ytterligare och att sjuksköterskor kan påverka och förbättra sättet information ges till föräldrarna och en bättre över rapportering vad för information som är given och vad de behöver för fortsatt information
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Shieh, Ching-yi A. "Does gendered labor force structure affect adult children's provision of transfer to their elderly parents? an examination of the late-middle-aged generation /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2463.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Sociology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Dennison, Taryn. "Attachment style and the transfer of attachment functions from parents to peers in relation to the subjective wellbeing of first-year undergraduate students." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599577.
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Goodwin, Rosalyn Harper. "Case study of the voluntary student transfer program| The perspectives of African American students and parent participants in one midwestern school district." Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3613986.
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This study investigated the perspectives of four students and 6 parent participants of the Voluntary Student Transfer program, an inter-district desegregation program that involves transporting African American students from urban area schools to surrounding county schools. Due to limited and dated research related to the Voluntary Student Transfer (VST) program, the researcher employed a qualitative collective case study framework which included a semi-structured interview protocol and questionnaires to gather perceptual data of parent and student participants of the program. The collective case studies revealed that parent and student participants of the VST program were satisfied with the program overall had not considered discontinuing participation for any reason. Data analysis revealed common themes addressed by parents and students to support their perceptions about the VST program. These themes included quality of education, the importance of relationships, and parent activism. Busing and the distance from home was another combined theme that developed, presenting a drawback from program participation. Because the sample size of this study represents a small percentage of the participants in the VST program, further studies should be conducted to include more perspectives within the research district and other districts implementing the VST program.
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Lundblad, Karin. "Intra-group financing : The influence of the parent-subsidiary relationship in the pricing of intra-group loans." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13957.
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This master thesis examines the issues surrounding the pricing of intra-group loans. The main focus of the thesis is the process of establishing an interest rate and the assessment of the credit risk in an intra-group context. In order to expose the common problems associated with the pricing of intra-group loans the thesis has examined case law from two different jurisdictions, Canada and Sweden, which have been put in relation to the OECD guidelines and Swedish national legislation. The purpose of the master thesis has been to determine whether the establishing of an interest rate and the assessment of the credit risk of an intra-group loan should be made taking into account the parent-subsidiary affiliation or relationship and whether or not this is a deviation of the arm’s length principle. A general assumption is that, if a transaction is carried out between related parties, the price could be different from a price deriving from negotiations between two unrelated parties on the open market, due to their commercial or financial relations. A common feature in case law, regarding the establishing of an appropriate interest rate on intra-group loan, has been whether or not the parent-subsidiary should be included in the assessment of the credit risk. Much of the support available to taxpayers in resolving transfer pricing issues are relating to goods and services and not financing transactions. The main reason is the unique economic profile of financial transactions. Financial transactions are affected by different factors why it is difficult to develop usable transfer pricing policies. Establishing economically justifiable transfer pricing policies while attempting to properly reflect taxable income and prevent penalties from international tax authorities, has resulted in transfer pricing challenges that are unique to intra-group financing. According to Swedish law, interest is regarded as a deductable cost within corporate tax. However, in recent cases, the Swedish tax authorities have been questioning, the deduction right as well as the level of interest on intra-group loans. As of today, there are few national and international guidelines on this area thus it is of interest to examine and address the issues surrounding intra –group loans.
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Psaltis, lacovos Eleftheriou. "School transfer from primary to secondary education : a survey into the feelings of children transferring from primary to secondary education and the perceptions of parents and teachers." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2004. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6716/.
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School transfer is one of a host of changes in our life. In fact, our whole life from birth to death, is a continuum of transitional stages. From birth to childhood, from home to nursery, from nursery to primary school, from primary school to secondary education, from secondary school to further and higher education. All these, in the area of the academic life of a person. Moving away from academia into the professional world, we meet another big area of transitions, in which one has to move from one job to another or from one position to a higher one. In the social sphere, one has to move from childhood to adolescence, and then on, into the cycle of family life, where one usually has to play the role of spouse, parent and grandparent. Measor and Woods (1984), point out that the concept of a status passage, originated from Van Gennep's work, The Rites of Passage (1960), and later was developed by Glaser and Strauss (1971). They add that 'It refers to transition in life wherein people undergo a change in status, whether it be from being alive to being dead (Glaser and Strauss's own example, 1968), from being a childless woman to being divorced (Hart 1976), from being a naive recruit to becoming a trained bread salesman (Ditton 1977) ( p159). Most of the above changes are largely considered as a natural course or, at least, a necessary transitional stage in one's life and, therefore, are usually taken for granted. However, school transfer, and especially the transitional period between primary and secondary school, is considered a very crucial stage in schooling. This because the two sectors of education are characterized by marked differences, while at the same time this transitional stage coincides with the passage from childhood to adolescence. Hence, the huge interest in the subject, in the way of research and the abundant literature that has been generated (Nisbet and Entwistle 1966; Nisbet and Entwistle 1969; Sumnera and Bradley 1977; Johnson and Ransom 1983; Measor and Woods (op. cit. ); Gorwood 1986; Youngman 1986; Psaltis 1999; Michaelidhou 2000; Psaltis 2000; Psaltis 2001; Pellegrini and Long 2002; Psaltis 2002; Psaltis 2002b). In the words of Measor and Woods (op. cit ), 'For many pupils, it might be thought that the transfer will appear a continuous, natural process, stepping off with eager anticipation from one status with easy assurance on to the next in one movement. But, it is in fact, vastly more complicated' (ibid. ). Curriculum continuity is a major factor in the transition (Gorwood op. cit. ), but other factors such as intellectual, social organizational and environmental (Measor and Woods op. cit. ) play an important role in school transfer from primary to secondary education. Yet, for some, school transfer is a challenge or a fresh start (Dowling 1986), while for others it is a distressing experience (Youngman 1978), or a trauma (Spelman, 1979). In connection, the Plowden Committee (1967), observed that 'children, like adults, enjoy and are stimulated by novelty and change', but also went on to stress the need for adequate preparation for transition and the importance of avoiding sudden changes if the change were in fact to stimulate and not dishearten, (par. 427). Still, some consider transfer as an event, but others view it as a process. In most schools, the number of people involved in transition is at best restricted to a member of the Senior Management Team (from now on SMT) aided by a few volunteer teachers and at worst, to nobody. Visits to secondary schools by top year primary school pupils is, at best, the most popular function, which is initiated either by the receiving or the feeder schools, as a measure towards easing the school transfer process. At worst, nothing is done. At any rate, I have known of no school that considers school transfer as a whole school activity. My approach is this and with my work, I am hoping to add an alternative dimension to the problem defined as the gap between primary and secondary education, by providing the principles for the development of a comprehensive Induction Programme (Appendix A).
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Doyle, Naomi. "Exploring the experiences of parents whose children have a profound and multiple learning difficulty (PMLD) and are preparing to transfer from post-16 provision into adult services." Thesis, University of Essex, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574470.
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The current study investigated the experiences of parents whose children have a profound and multiple learning difficulty (PMLD) and are preparing to transition from post-16 education into adult services and further education. A systematic literature review was initially conducted into the topic area. The selected studies were critiqued in terms of sampling, methodology and data analysis. Thematically, several key topics emerged in the selected research papers. These included parents' positive and negative experiences of transition planning, emotional and information needs during the process as well as experiences of working with professionals. This qualitative research was conducted in an ethnically diverse outer London borough and all parents who took part in the research are from Black Minority Ethnic (BME) communities. Five participants took part in the study and the sample was obtained from a special needs school in the borough which offers post-16 provision for young people with highly complex needs. The study focused on the following key areas: parental role during transition planning, the role of professionals and social support networks, positive experiences of the transition process, as well as potential barriers to effective transition planning. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data which were then analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Several key themes were identified in the data. These included the emotional impact of transition planning, parental role in the process, as well as positive and negative experiences of working with professionals. Other themes related to marginalisation I~"------------------------------------ 11" ~ .. --------------------------------------- b ii and isolation within society as well as the perceptions of PMLD in different BME communities. Concern about the future was also a prominent theme, particularly in relation to the current national and economic context. Key Words: Transition, young people, adulthood, parents, disability, profound and multiple learning difficulty, Black Minority Ethnic communities.
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King, Stephanie. "An investigation into transfer provision for children and young people with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (Paper 1) ; The effects of school transfer for children and young people with Autistic Spectrum Disorders, focussing on positive and negative emotions reported by parents, schools and pupils (Paper 2)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/90894.
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Paper 1: This study represents the wider perspective of a 2-stage study about school transfers, for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders. The study used a mixed methodology to investigate the experiences of children moving schools, as reported by parents and schools. Pre-move general satisfaction and post-move success ratings were high. Transfer arrangements varied greatly. Many respondents despite being positive overall about the move reported difficulties and frustrations for themselves and the children making the move. Communication between all stakeholders was seen to be a main factor in improving transfers, with an emphasis on the Teaching Assistant role and a whole school ethos towards ASD. Although strategies and guidance are widely available to improve transfer for children, not all pupils with ASDs and their parents, had access to the same level of enhanced transfer arrangements within the county. Paper 2: This paper represents the more focussed perspective of a 2- stage study about school transfers, for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders, in mainstream education. The study used a mixed methodology to investigate the experiences of children moving schools, as reported by parents and schools, with all participants, and via child interviews with a smaller sample. School transfer (as part of a 2- or 3-tier education system) was identified as a time which can be especially challenging for children with ASDs in mainstream schools. Looking at the emotional effects of transfer, the study found parents and schools reported high levels of increased anxiety among transferring children with ASDs. Qualitative analysis identified a wide variety of triggers to anxiety, and strategies to reduce anxiety that are being used in school and at home. Positive emotions expressed about the move were also explored. This anxiety reduced post-move for some of the children, but was maintained for some. Parents perceived higher levels of anxiety in their children than schools did throughout the transfer period, despite many rating the move as successful overall. The experience of a school move was found to be a time parents, as well as children, need the information and reassurance of a well-planned transfer, with appropriate strategies in place for their child and effective, open communication between home and schools to reduce the negative emotions that can surround change for children with ASDs, and celebrate the positive.
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Byrne, Andrew Ian. "Where do children with a statement of Special Educational Needs transfer to at Change of Phase from Primary to Secondary school and how do parents choose which provision is most suitable for their child?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1566/.
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Volume 1 of this thesis contains a critical literature review paper and a full length report of a study to examine the decisions of parents’ of children with SEN when choosing a secondary provision for their child and the factors that influence this. The review presents the results of a literature scoping exercise looking at two linked areas: educational provision for pupils with a statement of Special Educational Needs in England and the decisions parents of these children make when choosing a secondary placement to send their child to at change of phase. The research paper uses a multiple case study design to explore this issue in the context of one LA. Pupils in the study had attended their local primary school in year 6 but then transferred to differing provision: mainstream high; resource provision within mainstream; or special school. An exploration of the factors leading to these different outcomes is considered. The study uses socio-cultural and activity theory as a framework in the design and data gathering phase of the research and subsequently to discuss and explore the results. Implications for future research and practice of Educational Psychologists are considered.
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Hasoňová, Martina. "Řešení daňové a právní struktury skupiny Tescoma." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17204.
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The thesis is focused on holding companies legislation in the Czech Republic and related issue of tax optimization in the international business environment. First aim of this thesis is to map control and influence relations and therefrom arising legal obligations within Tescoma Group. Second aim is to explore Tescoma Group from the point of view of tax optimization and to compare advantages and disadvantages of alternative structures of the group.
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Fajtová, Hana. "Zdanění nadnárodních společností." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10535.
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This diploma thesis focuses on tax aspects of multinational companies. In the first part there is an analysis of EU Council Directive (relating multinational companies) compared with The Income Tax Law. Practical application of some of the above mentioned Directives is shown in some examples. The next part deals with very discussed and actual problem of multinational companies - transfer pricing. This thesis analyses particular documents for this area. The aim of this diploma paper is to create the copmlex thesis about taxation of multinational companies.
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Celener, Balca. "La fiscalité des sociétés holdings en Turquie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010309/document.
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La société holding est une réalité économique dont l’importance ne cesse d’augmenter. Plusieurs États offrent des régimes de faveurs fiscales pour attirer les holdings sur leurs territoires. Le système fiscal turc n’offre pas un tel «régime holding» mais il comporte plusieurs dispositions qui offrent certains avantages aux participations turques et étrangères. Une fiscalité avantageuse pour les holdings est intéressante pour un État dans la mesure où elle lui permet d’attirer les entreprises. Les dispositions fiscales peuvent rendre un territoire attractif et compétitif mais elles peuvent inciter une évasion fiscale à l’intérieur même du territoire. Le second risque engendré par le régime fiscal avantageux est l’établissement d’une concurrence fiscale déloyale. Les éléments clés d’une fiscalité idéale pour la société holding prennent en compte, d’une part la distribution des bénéfices de la holding, et d’autre part, les bénéfices provenant de ses propres participations, notamment les dividendes provenant de ses filiales et les plus-values de cession de ces participations. Par ailleurs, le régime fiscal holding doit être attractif et compétitif tout en restant compatible avec les principes reconnus du droit fiscal internationalThe holding company is an economic reality whose importance is still increasing. Several countries offer tax benefits plans to attract holdings in their territories. The Turkish tax system does not offer such a "holding plan" but it contains several provisions that provide certain benefits to Turkish and foreign investments. Tax advantages for holding companies are important for the State to the extent that it attracts businesses and group companies. The tax provisions can make an attractive and competitive territory, yet they may increase tax evasion within the same territory. Another risk caused by the advantageous tax regime is harmful tax competition. The key elements of an ideal tax system of holding companies are about, first of all, the distribution of profits of the holding company and secondly, income from its own shares, including dividends from its subsidiaries and the capital gains disposal of their shares. Furthermore, the holding company tax system must be both competitive and attractive and at the same time it must be compatible with the principles acknowledged by international tax law
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Eker, Omer Faruk. "Impact de l'anévrisme intracrânien sur l'hémodynamique de l'artère porteuse : de l’observation in vitro à l’exploration in vivo." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1046/document.
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L'anévrisme intracrânien est la prédisposition mortelle la plus fréquente chez le sujet jeune. Sa compréhension demeure limitée alors que nous assistons au développement de nouveaux traitements endovasculaires permettant le traitement d'anévrismes de plus en plus complexes. L'essentiel des études sur le sujet repose sur des séries cliniques peu informatives, l'utilisation de méthodes de simulation numérique limitées et cible presque exclusivement les phénomènes mécaniques intrasacculaires sans tenir compte des conséquences de l'anévrisme sur l'artère porteuse. In vitro, l'utilisation d'anévrismes en silicone au sein d'un simulateur cardiovasculaire a permis d'objectiver un impact de l'anévrisme sur l'écoulement au sein du vaisseau porteur caractérisé par une diminution de sa résistance. In vivo, cet effet a été objectivé et mesuré en IRM de flux par l'analyse des courbes de débit volumétrique. Le flux sanguin en aval des anévrismes était caractérisé par une démodulation systolo-diastolique avec diminution des index de résistance et de pulsatilité. Cet effet était fortement corrélé au volume de l'anévrisme. Les stents flow diverters permettaient une « reconstruction hémodynamique » mesurable du vaisseau porteur en restaurant un flux normo-modulé et des index de pulsatilité et de résistance dans les limites de la normale. Une méthode originale pour la segmentation de l'artère carotide interne en IRM en contraste de phase 2D a été proposée. Elle se base sur l'application de la Transformée de Fourier sur les images de phase et la prise en compte de la cohérence temporelle des vitesses au sein du voxel. La méthode a été caractérisée et comparée à deux méthodes de référenceIntracranial aneurysms are the most common lethal predisposition amongst young adults. Its understanding remains limited to date while the development of new innovative endovascular treatments are increasingly available and allow for the treatment of more and more complex aneurysms with a non negligeable rate of complications. Most of the previous studies on intracranial aneurysms are based on low informative clinical series and the use of limited numerical simulation methods. They almost exclusively target the intrasaccular mechanical phenomena irrespective of the changes in the parent vessel induced by the aneurysm. In vitro, the use of silicone aneurysms embedded in a cardiovascular simulator showed an impact of the aneurysm on the the parent vessel flow conditions characterized by a decrease of its resistance. In vivo, flow MRI allowed to quantify this effect by analyzing the volumetric flow rate curves. Downstream to the aneurysm, the blood flow was dampened and presents a systolic diastolic demodulation with a collapse of resistive and pulsatility indexes. This effect was strongly correlated to the aneurysm volume. The flow diverter stents allowed for a measurable « hemodynamic reconstruction » of the parent vessel by restoring a normo modulated flow, and normal resistive and pulsatility indexes. An original method for the segmentation of internal carotid artery in 2D phase contrast MRI was proposed. It is based on the application of the Fourier Transform on the phase images and by taking into account the temporal coherence of velocities within the voxel. The method was characterized and compared to two reference methods
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Akakpo, Winfred Yao. "La position de l'épouse réfugiée comme analyseur de la transformation du système matrimonial chez les Kissi de Guinée-Conakry. Analyse socio-anthropologique." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0030.
Full textAbstract:
Le déplacement des populations est souvent la conséquence des guerres chez les Kissi. Ce fait contribue et contribuera sans cesse davantage au changement de la structure sociale des peuples Kissi. Cette même réalité communément vécue avec leurs voisins frontaliers renvoie à la question de leur identité et reconnaissance sociale. Les kissi de la Guinée, de la Sierra Leone et du Liberia sont connus pour l’observance et le maintien des rites dont le mariage coutumier qui constitue l’instance régulatrice de la communauté. Les guerres en Sierra Leone et au Libéria dans les années 1990 ont forcé une grande partie de la population à se déplacer, dont les Kissi en particulier, qui ont afflué vers le territoire Kissi en Guinée. Cet afflux de Kissi sierra leonais et Libériens, composé principalement de femmes : veuves de guerres, modifie la situation socio-culturelle des Kissi en Guinée. Dans ces conditions, le groupe Kissi de Guinée développe des réflexes de conservation et de monopolisation de la légitimité. Entre ces peuples issus d’une même souche s’établit l’institution de frontières visibles et invisibles. Car, la motivation des sierra leonais et des liberiens à se déplacer vers le territoire guinéen était de se retrouver « en famille » pour avoir une chance de se reconstruire. Les dynamiques provoquées par cet afflux ne manquent pas de restructurer la communauté Kissi en profondeur, à commencer par l’institution principale : le mariage coutumier.Cette thèse, s’intéressant à une partie bien spécifique des populations déplacées, a priori, montre comment un groupe, minoritaire, peut influer, modifier et même bouleverser, la façon de vivre, de se percevoir, de se définir d’un groupe apparemment dominant. Dans une optique socio-anthropologique, l’accent est mis sur la femme réfugiée et sur sa vulnérabilité au prisme de l’organisation sociale et du mariage. Le déplacement de la population et les transformations des structures sociales déterminent de nouveaux modes de vie qui provoquent la déstructuration des formes de mises en union, mais surtout leur restructuration pour concourir au maintien de la communauté, élargie de fait, et la reconfiguration de ses fondements. Les femmes réfugiées sont au cœur de cette recherche mais l’attention est portée sur les hommes et les femmes en général pour mettre en exergue les différences et les similitudes entre leurs organisations matrimoniales. Ainsi, parvenir à comprendre au mieux comment la culture de confrontation, acquise par la traversée d’expériences traumatiques, liées à la guerre, par les kissi d’ailleurs, vient affronter, imprégner et transformer la culture de rencontre des Kissi d’ici, permettant une adaptation qui répond à la situation de vulnérabilité et aux nouveaux besoins de subsistances de l’épouse réfugiée en GuinéeThe displacement of populations among the Kissi is often a consequence of war in the 90’s. This fact will constantly contributes more and more to changes in the social structure of Kissi people. The Kissi of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia are known for their observance of rites, the most important of which is customary marriage, principal regulatory apparatus of the community. It crowns and validates the sequence of rituals right from childhood. The Sierra Leonean and Liberian civil wars in the ‘90s displaced a huge part of the population, including the Kissi in particular, whom the two countries in war had forced into the Kissi territory in neighboring Guinea. The inflow of Kissi from Sierra Leone and Liberia, made up of women considered as “widows of wars”, changes the social and cultural situations of the Kissi in Guinea. The receiving population, designated as Kissi-from-here, developed reflexes to conserve and monopolize legitimacy regarding the arriving population baptized as Kissi-from-elsewhere. Between these peoples are established visible and invisible borders due to the dynamics set in motion by the sudden inflow. This could not but restructures the Kissi community. For, the motivating factor of the inflow of sierra leoneans and liberians to Guinean territory was the possibility of reconnecting with the extended family across the borders in the hope of their social rebuilding. The dynamics caused by these inflows restructure the Kissi community starting with the main institution: customary marriage. This thesis focuses on specific part of the displaced Kissi populations, a priori, with an attempts to show how a minority group can influence, modify and even overturn the way of life, the self-vision and the self-definition of an apparently dominant group. From socio-anthropological perspective, in this study, the accent is placed on the refugee woman with emphasis on her position through the prism of social organization and customary marriage. It shows how among the Kissi in Guinea, the transformation of social structures determine new forms of marital union. More also, how it facilitate the community’s upkeep and the reconfiguration of its foundations.Women occupy the heart of this research, but in general, the focus is on men and women; bringing into light the differences and the similarities between their marital organizations. Practically, by this research, the culture of confrontation acquired by the Kissi-from-elsewhere through the traumatic experience of war, challenges and transforms the culture of encounter and allows the displaced wife in Guinea to be adapted to her situation of vulnerability
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Mogade-Saint, Auret Willy. "La cession entre proches." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D085.
Full textAbstract:
Le régime de cession des droits sociaux applicable des entre les membres d’une même famille est certes privilégié. Mais le législateur ne prend en compte que certains d’entre eux, à savoir, les ascendants, les descendants et certains collatéraux. Pourtant, les parts sociales ou actions font parties des biens patrimoniaux de la famille. Cette mise en société sert de prétexte à une meilleure gestion du patrimoine familial, mais aussi à sa cession au sein de la famille. L’objectif souvent non avoué est la pérennisation de l’entreprise familiale au sein de la famille. Toutefois, législateur ne reconnait toujours pas tous les types de schémas familiaux contemporains. Et pour cause, la notion de famille n’est pas définie en droit. Pourtant cette définition serait bien utile pour soumettre les cessions entre proches à un régime bien spécifique. La conséquence est que la pratique des affaires a développée quantité de règles pour permettre aux associés familiaux soit de rester ensemble au sein de la société ou d’en sortir. En effet, les aléas de la vie familiale commandent les cessions. Ce sont souvent des pactes extra-statutaires qui servent de support à la cession des titres. Le problème est qu’ils n’engagent que leurs signataires. Autrement dit, les associés familiaux non signataires de ces pactes ne sont pas concernés par ceux-ci. Pourtant, ils font partie de la même société et de la même famille. Peuvent-ils pour autant élever contestation en justice ? Car à bien des égards, ces pactes sont souvent à la frontière de l’illégalité notamment celle de l’interdiction des pactes sur succession future. Alors, la liberté de cession du cédant serait-elle empêchée dans le cadre d’une société familiale ? L’élément de réponse se trouve sans doute dans la consécration du pacte de famille, un nouvel outil juridique autonome destiné à compléter efficacement les statuts de la sociétéThe system of transfer of the corporate holdings of the company applicable between members of the same family is certainly privileged. But the legislator only takes into account some of them namely, ascendants, descendants and some collaterals. However, shares or stocks are part of the family's patrimonial assets. This incorporation serves as a pretext for better management of the family patrimony, but also for its transfer within the family. The often unstated aim is the sustainability of the family business within the family. However, legislator still does not recognize all types of contemporary family patterns. And for good reason, the notion of family is not defined in law. Yet this definition would be very useful to submit the transfers between relatives to a specific regime. The consequence is that business practice has developed a lot of rules to allow family partners to either stay together in society or get out of it. Indeed, the vagaries of family life command shares disposal. These are often extra-statutory pacts that serve as a support for the sale of securities. The problem is that they only commit their signatories. In other words, non-signatory family members of these pacts are not affected by them. Yet they are part of the same company and the same family. Can they raise a challenge in court? Because in many ways, these pacts are often on the borderline of illegality, including the prohibition of pacts respecting a future succession. Could the transferor's freedom of assignment be prevented in the context of a family company? The element of response is undoubtedly in the consecration of the family pact, a new independent legal tool designed to effectively supplement the company statutes
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Sposito, Maylis. "Devenir entrepreneur-e. Socio-anthropologie de la transmission d'une place d'indépendant-e." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC028/document.
Full textAbstract:
En nous intéressant aux facteurs qui incitent les individus à devenir chef-fe-s d’entreprise, nous avons analysé le sens qu’ils donnent à l’acte d’entreprendre ainsi que les divers leviers mobilisés pour mener à bien leur projet entrepreneurial. Le propre du travail indépendant est de disposer d’un patrimoine productif transmissible aux générations à venir : l’entreprise. Or, notre recherche montre que l’héritage relatif à l’indépendance professionnelle est multiforme. Pour autant, nous montrons qu’il s’agit toujours d’une place à transmettre. En comparant les trajectoires d’héritier-e-s de l’entreprise familiale, d’héritier-e-s de l’indépendance et de chef-fe-s d’entreprise sans ascendant entrepreneur, nous avons mis en perspective la distinction de sexes opérante dans la famille concernant le patrimoine. En effet, la transmission du patrimoine n’emprunte pas les mêmes canaux pour les filles et les garçons de la fratrie. En somme, cette thèse revient sur l’influence de la transmission familiale sur les trajectoires des entrepreneur-e-s. Les manières d’appréhender le travail, l’entreprise, la vie conjugale et la famille à l’aune de cette dernière ainsi que les représentations qui s’y attachent dépendent des modalités de transmission familiale relatives à l’indépendance et plus précisément de la transmission d’une place professionnelle - de successeur-e, d’indépendant-e - ou nonIn this work, we focus on factors that made some people become business leaders. We analyze how they understand the entrepreneurship and what are the levers used to manage their entrepreneurial projects. The fundamental aspect of self-employment is to have productive assets and a business that you can pass down to the next generations. However, we will show that professionnal inheritance can be multiform even if, in any case, it is about a place to transfer. We compare trajectories of family business inheritors, self-employed inheritors and business leaders without business ancestors and put the difference between genders that occurs in the family about inheritance into perspective. Indeed, inheritance turns out to be different between daughters and sons
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Chang, Li-shi, and 張簡儷詩. "A Study of Parents’ Transfer Behavior." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29587426886509732370.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
社會福利所
97
The senior citizen surveys over the years show that family transfer are decreased and instead of public transfer and life course transfer are increase. The financial support from adult children to their parents is a changing pattern of individual life-course transfer. Both altruism and exchange motivation affect parents’ transfer behavior. Why the main elderly financial resources become different? It is interesting to discuss on the parents’ transfer behavior. Therefore, fallows are the three purposes of this study. First, make effort to research on changing parents’ transfer behavior. Second, study on how social culture, generation and children gender affect parents’ transfer behavior. Third, discuss on the relative between assets transfer behavior and the old age income security, and living arrangement. The study utilize in-depth interviews method, and collected data from twenty parents that divided into three generations. Elderly generation is the parents who born before 1948, mid-aged generation is the parents who born from 1949-1958, meridian generation is the parents who born from 1959-1971。The findings suggest that the difference of the human capital investment between son and daughter disappear gradually. Although more parents of mid-aged and meridian generation divide estates without gender difference and their transfer behavior belong to father-son/daughter or husband-wife type. But the arrangement of the ancestral estate is difficult to change. Furthermore, the daughter’s responsibility to support their aged parents is increase. Because of the uncertainty of aged life, the elderly living arrangement is changed. Sons or daughters are no longer the only support of aged parents, also parents themselves are more important.
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"Parental finite state vector quantizer and vector wavelet transform-linear predictive coding." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889548.
Full textAbstract:
by Lam Chi Wah.Thesis submitted in: December 1997.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-91).
Abstract also in Chinese.
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction to Data Compression and Image Coding --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Fundamental Principle of Data Compression --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Some Data Compression Algorithms --- p.3
Chapter 1.4 --- Image Coding Overview --- p.4
Chapter 1.5 --- Image Transformation --- p.5
Chapter 1.6 --- Quantization --- p.7
Chapter 1.7 --- Lossless Coding --- p.8
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Subband Coding and Wavelet Transform --- p.9
Chapter 2.1 --- Subband Coding Principle --- p.9
Chapter 2.2 --- Perfect Reconstruction --- p.11
Chapter 2.3 --- Multi-Channel System --- p.13
Chapter 2.4 --- Discrete Wavelet Transform --- p.13
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Vector Quantization (VQ) --- p.16
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.16
Chapter 3.2 --- Basic Vector Quantization Procedure --- p.17
Chapter 3.3 --- Codebook Searching and the LBG Algorithm --- p.18
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Codebook --- p.18
Chapter 3.3.2 --- LBG Algorithm --- p.19
Chapter 3.4 --- Problem of VQ and Variations of VQ --- p.21
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Classified VQ (CVQ) --- p.22
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Finite State VQ (FSVQ) --- p.23
Chapter 3.5 --- Vector Quantization on Wavelet Coefficients --- p.24
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Vector Wavelet Transform-Linear Predictor Coding --- p.26
Chapter 4.1 --- Image Coding Using Wavelet Transform with Vector Quantization --- p.26
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Future Standard --- p.26
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Drawback of DCT --- p.27
Chapter 4.1.3 --- "Wavelet Coding and VQ, the Future Trend" --- p.28
Chapter 4.2 --- Mismatch between Scalar Transformation and VQ --- p.29
Chapter 4.3 --- Vector Wavelet Transform (VWT) --- p.30
Chapter 4.4 --- Example of Vector Wavelet Transform --- p.34
Chapter 4.5 --- Vector Wavelet Transform - Linear Predictive Coding (VWT-LPC) --- p.36
Chapter 4.6 --- An Example of VWT-LPC --- p.38
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Vector Quantizaton with Inter-band Bit Allocation (IBBA) --- p.40
Chapter 5.1 --- Bit Allocation Problem --- p.40
Chapter 5.2 --- Bit Allocation for Wavelet Subband Vector Quantizer --- p.42
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Multiple Codebooks --- p.42
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Inter-band Bit Allocation (IBBA) --- p.42
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Parental Finite State Vector Quantizers (PFSVQ) --- p.45
Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.45
Chapter 6.2 --- Parent-Child Relationship Between Subbands --- p.46
Chapter 6.3 --- Wavelet Subband Vector Structures for VQ --- p.48
Chapter 6.3.1 --- VQ on Separate Bands --- p.48
Chapter 6.3.2 --- InterBand Information for Intraband Vectors --- p.49
Chapter 6.3.3 --- Cross band Vector Methods --- p.50
Chapter 6.4 --- Parental Finite State Vector Quantization Algorithms --- p.52
Chapter 6.4.1 --- Scheme I: Parental Finite State VQ with Parent Index Equals Child Class Number --- p.52
Chapter 6.4.2 --- Scheme II: Parental Finite State VQ with Parent Index Larger than Child Class Number --- p.55
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Simulation Result --- p.58
Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.58
Chapter 7.2 --- Simulation Result of Vector Wavelet Transform (VWT) --- p.59
Chapter 7.3 --- Simulation Result of Vector Wavelet Transform - Linear Predictive Coding (VWT-LPC) --- p.61
Chapter 7.3.1 --- First Test --- p.61
Chapter 7.3.2 --- Second Test --- p.61
Chapter 7.3.3 --- Third Test --- p.61
Chapter 7.4 --- Simulation Result of Vector Quantization Using Inter-band Bit Allocation (IBBA) --- p.62
Chapter 7.5 --- Simulation Result of Parental Finite State Vector Quantizers (PFSVQ) --- p.63
Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion --- p.86
REFERENCE --- p.89
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Parada, Malgorzata Maria (Gosia). "Parental responsibility for youth crime: a comparative study of legislation in four countries." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3888.
Full textAbstract:
This is a comparative study of how four countries –Canada, United States of America, England and Wales, and Australia –have developed youth crime related parental responsibility laws. In particular, I explore how governments have responded to calls for making parents more responsible for the criminal behavior of their children by relying on methods of governing that seek to incorporate the concept of “responsibilization” into legislation and practice. In doing so, I show how governments in a number of countries have ostensibly moved toward less state intervention in the prevention of youth criminality and have come to rely more on parents by enacting laws that acknowledge parental accountability for the criminality of children. In addition, this study uses the concept of policy transfer to examine how those responsible for developing youth criminal justice policy look to policies or laws in other jurisdictions for ways to prevent youth criminality. Despite the fact that there are similarities in legislation across the four countries examined in this study, only minimally do governments in these countries make reference to policies found in other countries. The thesis also looks at specific national and state–level government debates surrounding parental responsibility laws, and the perceptions governments elected officials have of youth criminality and parental responsibility.
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Guo, Zih-Yu, and 郭姿妤. "The Analysis of Parental Transfer, Part-time Work Behaviors , and Academic Performances of College Students." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57176479407896254807.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
農業經濟學研究所
103
The labor supply behaviors of high educated students has been quietly prevalent in today’s society. What are the factors causing that high percentage of in school part-time work behaviors? Will parental transfer make any effect on that? And what impact will it cause on academic performances? In view of this , we use the data of Taiwan Youth Project made by Institute of Sociology , Academia Sinica to try to find out the factors of freshman’s part-time work behaviors and what kind of impact will that behaviors cause on academic performances. Especially ,we focus on the effect of parental transfers on part-time work behaviors. Because of the consideration of endogeneity , we use bivariate Probit with instrumental variables ,Tobit with instrumental variables model ,Probit-OLS,and Tobit-OLS model for empirical analysis. The empirical results show that parental transfer causes significant negative impact both on labor force participation and working hours. The labor force participation can’t make any significant impact although the increase of working hours causes significant negative impact on academic performances. In contrast , if we don’t think about the endogeneity, the negative impact will be underestimated by OLS.
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(6651161), Christopher Miller. "Effect of Parental Care on the Verical Transmission of Enteric Bacteria in Nicrophorus Defodiens." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
Parental care has evolved promote fitness gains. Burying beetles engage in extensive pre- hatching and post-hatching parental care providing several avenues to transmit bacteria to their offspring. One aspect of pre-hatching parental care consists of preserving a small vertebrate carcass via oral and anal secretions, allowing the carcass to be used as a reproductive resource. Post-hatching parental care consists in large part of parental regurgitations of the preserved carcass. We sought to determine if pre-hatching parental care resulted in bacterial transmission from adults to carcasses via anal secretions. We then sought to determine if lab-rearing conditions affected the digestive tract bacterial communities of F1 and F2 generation adults. We finally sought to determine if carcasses and post-hatching parental care in the form of parental regurgitations resulted into bacterial transmission to larvae. Using High-Throughput Illumina MiSeq, we were able to characterize bacterial communities of adult and larval digestive tracts, anal secretions, and unprepared and prepared carcasses. Our results show that bacterial communities of adults are dissimilar from anal secretions and prepared carcasses. We then show that lab-rearing conditions do not significantly alter digestive tract bacterial communities of F1 and F2 generation adults relative to wild caught adults. We proceed to show that larvae receiving parental regurgitations have digestive tract bacterial communities similar to their parents whereas larvae that do not receive parental regurgitations have dissimilar digestive tract bacterial communities from their parents. We further show that bacterial communities of prepared carcasses are dissimilar from all larvae. Our evidence suggests that anal secretions to preserve carcasses for the reproductive bout and have no influence on bacterial transmission to neither carcasses nor larvae. Our evidence also suggests that parental regurgitations influence bacterial transmission to offspring.
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Chi-Wen, Chen, and 陳啟聞. "The Interaction of Parent-child Living Arrangement and Money Transfer." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55sv75.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
經濟學系
96
This study uses the merged data consisting of the three main respondants samples -- RI1999, RI2000 and RI2003 -- from Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) to investigate the influence of parent-child money transfer on the living arrangement of children and parents. Considering the possible simultaneity between money transfer and living arrangement within the family, a two-stage model is applied in estimation. Focusing on parent-child living arrangement, three types of distances, i.e., co-residence, neighboring and the proximity of residential areas are examined, respectively. The results show that the parent-child living arrangement is the consequence of power interaction among husband-wife, parents-in-law, and parents-children plus the influence of money transfer between young and old generations. Income earners tend to live closer to their natal parents but farther to that of their spouse’s. Alive elder parents play a significant role to resist their married offspring to live with parents-in-law, alive single mother in particular. Parents who dowardly finance their children tend to motivate their children to live closer while the reverse is true for children upwardly finance their parents. It is suggested that downward money transfer is to purchase social care from the children and upward money transfer privacy of living.
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Chen, Yi-Chun. "The impact of young mother's divorce on inter-family transfers from parents." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33496834.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1995.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-53).
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Brasil, Anna Clara Müller. "O regulamento de transferências da FIFA e os atletas menores de idade." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/38762.
Full textAbstract:
Every year, the world of football is surprised by the arriving of each time younger sensations, as promises for the future of international football. That is why FIFA has also sought to reduce the minimum age for registration of athletes from 12 to 10 years old. However, along with these promising new athletes, there is also an euphoria about who these young talents will become in the future, whether if they will be a new Messi, Neymar or Cristiano Ronaldo and, besides this euphoria, there is also a concern about the well-being, health, education and the future of these minors, if they do not continue their lives as professional football players. In order to protect these minors from bad experiences, such as occurred in the past, FIFA, prohibited the international transfer of players under the age of 18. However, as it will be shown in the course of the present work, contrary to the intended protection, this prohibition raises the question of whether, in fact, it is more beneficial to prohibit the transfer of these young talents or to regulate the transfer of young athletes in a clear and compatible way with the fundamental rights of minors and parents in the exercise of parental responsibilityA cada ano, o mundo do futebol se surpreende com o surgimento de novos prodígios, novas promessas para o futuro do futebol internacional, com idades cada vez menores. Por esta razão, inclusive, a FIFA buscou reduzir a idade mínima de inscrição dos atletas de 12 para os 10 anos de idade. Entretanto, junto com a euforia advinda de expectativa sobre se esses novos atletas promissores se transformarão em um novo Messi, Neymar ou Cristiano Ronaldo, surge a preocupação com relação ao bem-estar, à saúde, à educação e ao futuro desses jovens, caso não prossigam no futebol profissional. Essa preocupação fez com que a FIFA, no intuito de proteger esses menores de más experiências, como algumas vividas no passado, proibisse a transferência internacional de jogadores com idade inferior a 18 anos de idade. Contudo, como será possível se depreender ao longo do presente trabalho, ao contrário da pretendida proteção, essa proibição traz à tona a questão de se saber se, de fato, é mais benéfico proibir a transferência desses menores, ou regulamentar a transferência desses jovens atletas, de forma clara e compatível com os direitos fundamentais dos menores e de seus pais, no exercício de sua responsabilidade parental.
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Lai, Pin-Jie, and 賴品潔. "Multinational Corporations for Knowledge Transfer between Parent and Subsidiary Companies Performance of Subsidiaries." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44931097418218484345.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
國際企業學系碩士班
98
Recently, globalization is quickly weaving up new domain of world. As we observe the progress of developed countries’ layout in the world. Indeed, enterprises should face to foreign market under this un-changeover tide. Nevertheless, the challenging on foreign market is very complicated. Headquarters have to transfer knowledge to subsidiaries so as to promote the overall operation performance. However, transnational knowledge transfer includes many factors, and those made difference results. In this research, we want to make up for the past, only from the headquarters or subsidiaries less thinking, the other side, hoping to explain the practical and effective. Therefore, this study use knowledge transfer between headquarter and subsidiary companies to establish the extent of the independent variables. And national cultural similarity, geographic distance, a subsidiary strategic role and parent-subsidiary relationship between the disturbance variables, and subsidiary performance as the dependent variable of the research framework. This study takes Questionnaire way. To a subsidiary company in Taiwan for the data, the data of the sample derived from the Investment Commission of Ministry of Economic Affairs of the latest『Foreign Investment Enterprises List (2008)』. We send out 450 questionnaires and return 56 valid samples. The response rate is 12.44%. From the study we found that the initial performance of a subsidiary to the parent company to rely on internal support to achievement of its objectives at the local, but the development to the late, found the parent company for its resources and knowledge and can not be fully applicable to the subsidiaries, so that the knowledge transfer between parent and subsidiary companies will be subsidiaries performance is an inverted U. Between headquarters and subsidiaries of multinational enterprises similarity of national culture is an important factor in successful transfer of knowledge. However, this study found no significant national culture and the interference effect. When the subsidiary of the more important strategic role, it will weaken the knowledge transfer between headquarters and subsidiaries performance relationship. The smaller the geographic distance, the higher the interaction between headquarter and subsidiary companies, will enhance knowledge transfer between headquarter and subsidiary performance.
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Sidky, Sonya. "Intergenerational transfers of resources exchanges between midlife adults and their adult children and elderly parents /." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41499496.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1998.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-121).
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Tsai, Li-Chu, and 蔡立助. "Factors affecting knowledge transfer effectiveness between parent andsubsidiary companies－A Case Study of XDRAM Company." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66514614655439134327.
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碩士逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
99
With knowledge transfer from his parent company, a subsidiary company can build up his scale of production more quickly, and lower down his operating costs so as to make more profit. On the other hand, the parent company can also increase his own competition advantage through the experiences and knowledge learned from the subsidiary company. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence the effectiveness of knowledge transfer between a XDRAM parent-subsidiary componies. Based on a sample of 135 managements and senior engineers who had experiences with knowledge transfer, results of factor analysis, regression analysis and analysis of variance are as followed： 3. To both the parent company and the subsidiary company, the intensity of control coordination mechanism ,the knowledge characteristics ,and the knowledge absorptive capacity had significant effects in effectiveness of knowledge transfer. 4. Different positions in both the parent company and the subsidiary company had significant difference in the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, but employees in different departments didn’t have significant difference in the effectiveness of knowledge transfer.
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Kung, Fan-Chia, and 孔繁嘉. "The Relationship between Knowledge Transfer Factors and Knowledge Transfer Performance for Parent Company and Subsidiary-A Case Study on Taiwanese Franchises in Mainland China." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40231943938183444400.
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碩士大葉大學
國際企業管理學系碩士在職專班
95
The development of the research theme, “Knowledge Transfer,” from the view of Bartlett & Ghoshal(1995) and Grant(1996)- “to rapidly transfer and absorb technologi-cal knowledge, to strengthen the effectiveness of organization performance”-- to the opinion of the research, has focused on the relationship between the characteristics of knowledge, knowledge transfer mechanism, and knowledge transfer performance, in order to supplement the past missing research area. To achieve the objective, we take chain stores in China which focusing on drink, restaurant, beauty and hair dressing as samples, and testify these data in regression analysis. The empirical results indicated as follows: (1)The higher the operational knowledge tacitness of these chain stores are, the worse the knowledge transfer performance of these subsidiaries are. (2)The higher the operational knowledge complexity of these chain stores are, the worse the knowledge transfer performance of these subsidiaries are. (3)If these chain stores own mature knowledge transfer mechanism, the knowledge transfer performance of these subsidiaries will get better. (4)If these chain stores own mature knowledge transfer mechanism, the organization effectiveness of these subsidiaries will get better. Moreover, the competition in chain stores system have changed from point to point, system to system, even to multination to multination. With the trend of globaliza-tion, the operational scopes in most corporations will no more limit in a certain of mar-ketplace, area, or country. To the system in chain stores, the common knowledge is built to assist these chain stores through knowledge transfer mechanism by headquarters. On the other hand, the system in chain stores is provided to general public in order to rapid the achievement of scale economics. Therefore, for the headquarters, how to design professional, standardized, and simplified knowledge transfer mechanism by making use of the resources in order to rapidly stronger the function the chain stores own is nowadays manager’s issue.
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Afonso, Daniela Teiga. "Inseminação post mortem e transferência de embriões post mortem : o prosseguimento do projeto parental." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/30202.
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O recurso à procriação medicamente assistida é atualmente um relevante mecanismo para a concretização de projetos parentais. A presente dissertação versa o enquadramento normativo da procriação medicamente assistida e a continuação do projeto parental post mortem, tendo em consideração o seu impacto no reconhecimento, de direitos sucessórios a crianças postumamente nascidas. Procede-se à análise do
tratamento que a Lei n.º 32/2006 e o Código Civil dedicam à reprodução post mortem, à disposição do material genético e dos embriões após a morte do autor masculino do projeto parental e aos efeitos determinativos da paternidade. O estudo conclui que não será de atender sem restrições às pretensões do autor sobrevivo do projeto parental, designadamente sem considerar o superior interesse da criança que virá a nascer. Não existirão, contudo, razões ponderosas que impeçam o reconhecimento de direitos
sucessórios relativamente a embriões implantados no útero da autora mulher do projeto parental ao tempo da abertura da sucessão.The use of assisted reproduction is currently an important mechanism to accomplish parental wishes. This dissertation discusses the legal framework of assisted reproduction and the continuation of the parental project post mortem, considering the recognition of inheritance rights to children born posthumously. For that purpose, the current Law (No. 32/2006) and the Civil Code rules regarding post mortem reproduction and moreover the disposal of genetic material and embryos after the death of the male author of the parental project and also parental rights. This study concludes that is that in order to protect the child’s best interest, surviving parental wishes can’t be met without limits. Yet, there are no strong reasons to deny inheritance rights to embryos implanted in the uterus of the female author of the parental project at the time of the death of the male one.