Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Transfert géométrique'
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Picot, Gautier. "Contrôle optimal géométrique et numérique appliqué au problème de transfert Terre-Lune." Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOS067/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis provides a numerical study of space trajectories in the Earth-Moon system when low-thrust is applied. Our computations are based on fundamental results from geometric control theory. The spacecraft's motion is modelled by the equations of the controlled restricted three-body problem. We focus on minimizing energy cost and transfer time. Optimal trajectories are found among a set of extremal curves, solutions of the Pontryagin's maximum principle, which can be computed solving a shooting equation thanks to a Newton algorithm. In this framework, initial conditions are found using homotopic methods or studying the linearized control system. We check local optimality of the trajectories using the second order optimality conditions related to the concept of conjugate points. In the case of the energy minimization problem, we also describe the principle of approximating Earth-Moon optimal transfers by concatening optimal keplerian trajectories around The Earth and the Moon and an energy-minimal solution of the linearized system in the neighbourhood of the equilibrium point L1
Gaye, Moussa. "Quelques problèmes d'analyse géométrique en géométrie quasi-Riemannienne et d'analyse de stabilité des systèmes à commutation linéaires." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPXX0046.
Full textCots, Olivier. "Contrôle optimal géométrique : méthodes homotopiques et applications." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742927.
Full textTescari, Stefania. "Optimisation géométrique dérivée de l’approche constructale pour réacteurs thermochimiques sous rayonnement solaire concentré." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1009.
Full textThis work aims to optimize thermochemical reactor driven by concentrated solar radiation. The definition of a simplified model, deriving from the constructal approach, allows to study the influence of the geometry and shape factor variation on the reactor performances and so to find the optima reactor shape. The influence of the operating parameters on the optimal geometry and on the maximal reactor efficiency is then studied. Starting from the simplified model, the limiting effects are pointed out, and new reactor configurations, at high performance, are proposed. The validity domain of the simplified model is defined by comparing the results with 2D numerical simulations. The model is then used to optimize a thermochemical reactor, applied to the production of solar fuels
Marx, Chhay. "Intégrateurs géométriques: Application à la Mécanique des Fluides." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403649.
Full textLavoie, Marie-Hélène. "Résolution par optimisation numérique du problème géométrique inverse de manipulateurs sériels redondants pour des opérations de transfert dans un espace encombré." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62595.pdf.
Full textHadj-Ahmed, Réda. "Modélisation des assemblages collés : Application à l'optimisation du transfert des efforts par cisaillement." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENPC9926.
Full textThe use of adhesives to manufacture in plane force-transmitting joints between various structural material is now very spread because joining presents some advantages with regard to the others traditional techniques of material assembly. However, from a mechanical point of view, the classical joints (layers with constant thicknesses) present stress concentrations near the ends of the bond. Several shapes of joints are proposed in the literature to decrease the stress concentrtions but the analysis of stresses in these joints often requires a finite element method. The initial part of this work consists in rewriting a multiparticle model in the case of an adhesive bonded joint having layers with non constant thickness. The resolution of the model equations is done numerically by establishing a variational formulation. The model is validated by comparaison with finite element results on classical joints, scarfed joints, tapered joints and joints with uniform shear stress. The second part of this study deals with the scale effects for the shear strenght of adhesive joints. We propose a scale law giving the critical shear stress as a function of the adhesive thickness. This allows us to etablisk a procedure of optimization taking account of the scale effet. This scale effect is often related to the presence of defects in the adhesive. A law giving the probability of adhesive joint resistance is established. It makes it possible to find an optimal adhesive thickness and a limiting overlap length. This analysis allows also to definite clearly the problem of the proabilistic optimization of an adhesive joint. Indeed, it comes to the minimization of a functional of the adhesive thickness
Glavatskaya, Olga. "Conversion d’énergie thermique en énergie électrique par les modules thermoélectriques en vue de réduire la consommation et les émissions polluantes." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2028.
Full textNowadays, there is renewed interest of car manufacturers in the conversion of the wasted energy to increase the fuel efficiency of vehicle and the CO2 emissions. In this context, among several methods, direct conversion of exhaust heat to electricity by thermoelectric generator seems to be a credible option for the vehicle. This thesis work involves the analysis of thermoelectric generator integrated into the vehicle. A numerical model of a thermoelectric generator able to support transient analysis is developed. This dynamic model can be coupled with coolant circuit model, exhaust system model and electric network model of the vehicle. Thus, we studied the energy interaction between all these subsystems. A developed numerical model complies with the bond-graph modeling principle applied to multi-physical systems. The transient modelling enabled us to predict the thermoelectric system performance for the different drive cycles of the vehicle. Furthermore, optimization study of the design of the thermoelectric generator was carried out. The optimal geometry of device was justified by the exergy analysis in order to quantify the wastes and destructions of exergy within a thermoelectric system. Moreover, the frequency analysis approach was applied to capture the transient performance of a thermoelectric generator
Petitcuenot, Mathieu. "Maîtrise de la qualité géométrique des pièces de formes complexes sur tout le cycle de conception et fabrication : Application à une aube de turbine." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0025.
Full textMy PhD thesis is integrated into a context of functional dimensioning development in a 3D CAD environment at Snecma, a major player in the aerospace propulsion world. The objectives of this research work are varied but follow one goal: mastery quality geometry throughout the design, control and manufacturing cycle, by the deployment of the ISO standards of tolerancing.At first a functional definition ISO is proposed for parts with complex shapes that make up a turbo-machine while considering issues related to metrology and automatic control without contact. This definition requires some updates of existing standards. Another problem was to meet industrial demands in their entirety by considering the various types of engine parts.A second important part of the work is to develop control and analyze tools for complex 3D shapes for a better understanding of their geometry by separating local and global faults, which do not have the same functional impact.A third part develops a 3D manufacturing transfer strategy on complex workpieces on mounting “6 points” by considering the surface orientation problems.All work ensures compliance of functional requirements, on parts with complex shapes, from definition to the workpiece through the deployment of ISO standards of tolerancing.This work led to a publication in CIRP CAT 2014 China, a Snecma internal development of a quantification tool of global / local defects, a strong wich to develop a 3D transfer generic tool based on the work done, two awards Snecma creativity with one ranked second in 2013 on all the awards and a major change in the control method of form profiles specifications
Duplex, Benjamin. "Transfert de déformations géométriques lors des couplages de codes de calcul - Application aux dispositifs expérimentaux du réacteur de recherche Jules Horowitz." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679015.
Full textLegha, Ahmad. "Transfert de tolérances géométriques en fabrication : validation de modèles." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS038.
Full textIn a first part, a presentation of the models of transfer of dimensions and tolerances of Design Office (DO) and manufacture are treated. In a second phase, the problems of transfer of tolerances in manufacture in 3D are treated with a new method being based on graphic tools such as the graphs of manufacture and the variations fields. This work is validated numerically by an example presented in a third part. Lastly, a statistical analysis of the measurements obtained on the series of parts carried out made it possible on the one hand to validate assumptions of composition of statistical laws of distribution, and to check on the other hand, the degree of correlation between the measured components of variation. The tools developed during this PHD, thus allow, treating the phase of industrialization of a product in 3D since the design drawing till the validation of the range of machining
Jabeur, Mohamed. "Méthodes géométriques en mécanique spatiale et aspects numériques." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS002.
Full textCaillau, Jean-Baptiste. "Sur la géométrie des transferts orbitaux." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00125863.
Full textChebbi, Mohamed Ali. "Similarity learning for large scale dense image matching." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2030.
Full textDense image matching is a long standing ill-posed problem. Despite the extensive research efforts undertaken in the last twenty years, the state-of-the-art handcrafted algorithms perform poorly on featureless areas, in presence of occlusions, shadows and on non-lambertian surfaces. This is due to lack of distinctiveness of the handcrafted similarity metrics in such challenging scenarios. On the other hand, deep learning based approaches to image matching are able to learn highly non-linear similarity functions thus provide an interesting path to addressing such complex matching scenarios.In this research, we present deep learning based architectures and methods for stereo and multi-view dense image matching tailored to aerial and satellite photogrammetry. The proposed approach is driven by two key ideas. First, our goal is to develop a matching network that is as generic as possible to different sensors and acquisition scenarios. Secondly, we argue that known geometrical relationships between images can alleviate the learning phase and should be leveraged in the process. As a result, our matching pipeline follows the known two step pipeline where we first compute deep similarities between pixel correspondences, followed by depth regularization. This separation ensures “generality” or “transferability” to different scenes and acquisitions. Furthermore, our similarity functions are learnt on epipolar rectified image pairs, and to exploit the learnt embeddings in a general n-view matching problem, geometry priors are mobilized. In other words, we transform embeddings learnt on pairs of images to multi-view embeddings through a priori knowledge about the relative camera poses. This allows us to capitalize on the vast stereo matching benchmarks existing in the literature while extending the approach to multi-view scenarios. Finally, we tackle the insufficient distinctiveness of the state-of-the-art patch-based features/similarities by feeding the network with large images thus adding more context, and by proposing an adapted sample mining scheme. We establish a middle-ground between state-of-the-art similarity learning and end-to-end regression models for stereo matching and demonstrate that our models yield generalizable representations in multiple view 3D surface reconstruction from aerial and satellite acquisitions. The proposed pipelines are implemented in MicMac, a free, open-source photogrammetric software
Yin-Zhang, Xiaojing. "Détermination de résistances thermiques de contact en géométrie cylindrique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL131N.
Full textBlancher, Serge. "Transfert convectif stationnaire et stabilité hydrodynamique en géométrie périodique." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU3025.
Full textRouger, Nicolas. "Sensibilité de la convection naturelle en cavité différentiellement chaufféé à des variations de paramètres géométriques, thermiques et massiques." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ESMA0004.
Full textNatural convection in cavity is a chaotic phenomenon, so the influence of different parameters on the flow and the heat transfer is essential to know. This thesis presents three experimental complementary studies of natural convection in differentially heated cavity. The first part studied the influence of the changes in the CO2 rate in the enclosure air on the natural convection flow, characterized by a Rayleigh number of 1. 5×10^9 (for pure air). The CO2 rate has almost no influence on the natural convection flow, whether on the thermal stratification in the heart of the cavity or on the mass flow rate circulating in the boundary layers. Likewise, when a lintel is stuck at the ceiling of this same cavity, the mass flow rate does not change despite the pressure loss doubling. The main flow follows the walls without distinguishable separation. The lintel introduces, only locally, 3-D secondary flows more important, especially in the angles. An experimental study for a Rayleigh number close to 10^11, realized in a large differentially heated cavity (4m high), has enabled to quantify the essential natural convection parameters characterizing dynamics and thermics in an unusual geometric configuration. This experiment has enabled to expand nearly 4 decades of Rayleigh number variation in differentially heated cavities, the only evolution law of the Reynolds number, based on the circulating flow rate, according to Rayleigh number exponent 1/3
Moummi, Abdelhafid. "Etude globale et locale du rôle de la géométrie dans l'optimisation des capteurs solaires plans à air." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3e717f2f-e09a-4b1a-af50-e618b869f5dc.
Full textCousin, Marion. "La "révolution" de l'enseignement de la géométrie dans le Japon de l'ère Meiji (1868-1912) : une étude de l'évolution des manuels de géométrie élémentaire." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10082/document.
Full textDuring the Meijing era, the political context in East Asia led the Japanese authorities to embark on a nationwide modernization program. This resulted in the introduction of Western mathematics, and especially Euclidean geometry into Japanese education. However, as traditional mathematics (was an) were very successful at that time, there were no Japanese translations of texts dealing with this new geometry available at this time. My work focuses on the first Japanese textbooks that were developed, distributed and used during this period of scientific transfer. My analysis concentrates on language and logical reasoning in order to highlight the various phases in the importation and adaptation of Western knowledge to the Japanese context
Dufaure, Jérome. "Intégration et traçabilité du transfert de spécifications géométriques dans le cycle de conception d'un produit." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR12984.
Full textThe geometric tolerancing activity is often postponed until the detailed design stage. The main cause is that most tolerancing tools used in tolerancing activity are based on CAD (Computer Aided Design) modeler representations. To answer to this problem, we purpose a design framework where geometric tolerancing activity is based on a product model. This is in opposition with CAD system architecture where expertises share data with the geometric representation. The presented product model is the result of the IPPOP (Integration Product Process and Organisation for engineering Performance improvement) consortium. It is based on a structure which ensures data traceability during the design process and allows to describe design alternatives. In this work we put the stress on the benefit of the product model use with a tolerancing point of view in opposition with current CAD system use. Two main points are presented: the integration of the tolerancing data in the product data and the traceability of the geometric specifications. The aim of the integration is to enhance the product description with a tolerancing point of view in collaborative design. The traceability allows on the one hand to keep the link between the functional requirements and the geometric specifications and on the other hand to distinguish the geometric specifications induced by a standard component integration
Janin, Gabriel. "Contrôle optimal et applications au transfert d'orbite et à la géométrie presque-riemannienne." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00633197.
Full textKhédari, Jean. "Mesure de diffusivité thermique à haute température par une méthode périodique et étude de transfert thermique en géométrie cylindrique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX11306.
Full textCoindreau, Olivia. "Etude 3D de préformes fibreuses : interaction entre phénomènes physico-chimiques et géométrie." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12800.
Full textThermostructural composites are characterized by their ability of operating under high mechanical stresses and high temperatures (above 1000 ʿC), such as in spatial propulsion systems or aircraft brake disks. Carbon-carbon composites (C/C) belong to this family of materials, made of fibers linked together by a ceramic matrix. They can be manufactured by CVI (Chemical Vapor Infiltration). This processing consists in densifying a heated fibrous preform by the chemical cracking of a vapor precursor of the matrix material inside the porosity of the preform. The final quality of the composites relies on the CVI densification phase, the optimization of which is a key issue. It is thus required to assess, at initial stages and during the densification, the geometrical characteristics of the preform (porosity, internal surface area, distribution of pore sizes), its gas transport properties (gas diffusivity, permeability) and its heat transfer properties (thermal conductivity). This study aims at determining these properties from 3D images of a real C/C preform at different stages of densification. The images have been obtained by X-ray microtomography at ESRF*. An original method has then been developed to compute the geometrical characteristics and the transport properties of this material. The procedure has been validated by comparing, at each step, the results obtained numerically with experimental data
Al, Khoury Philippe. "Algorithmes géométriques de résolution des problèmes inverses non linéaires et problèmes inverses en spectroscopie des flammes." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100019.
Full textKalunga, Emmanuel. "Vers des interfaces cérébrales adaptées aux utilisateurs : interaction robuste et apprentissage statistique basé sur la géométrie riemannienne." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV041/document.
Full textIn the last two decades, interest in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) has tremendously grown, with a number of research laboratories working on the topic. Since the Brain-Computer Interface Project of Vidal in 1973, where BCI was introduced for rehabilitative and assistive purposes, the use of BCI has been extended to more applications such as neurofeedback and entertainment. The credit of this progress should be granted to an improved understanding of electroencephalography (EEG), an improvement in its measurement techniques, and increased computational power.Despite the opportunities and potential of Brain-Computer Interface, the technology has yet to reach maturity and be used out of laboratories. There are several challenges that need to be addresses before BCI systems can be used to their full potential. This work examines in depth some of these challenges, namely the specificity of BCI systems to users physical abilities, the robustness of EEG representation and machine learning, and the adequacy of training data. The aim is to provide a BCI system that can adapt to individual users in terms of their physical abilities/disabilities, and variability in recorded brain signals.To this end, two main avenues are explored: the first, which can be regarded as a high-level adjustment, is a change in BCI paradigms. It is about creating new paradigms that increase their performance, ease the discomfort of using BCI systems, and adapt to the user’s needs. The second avenue, regarded as a low-level solution, is the refinement of signal processing and machine learning techniques to enhance the EEG signal quality, pattern recognition and classification.On the one hand, a new methodology in the context of assistive robotics is defined: it is a hybrid approach where a physical interface is complemented by a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) for human machine interaction. This hybrid system makes use of users residual motor abilities and offers BCI as an optional choice: the user can choose when to rely on BCI and could alternate between the muscular- and brain-mediated interface at the appropriate time.On the other hand, for the refinement of signal processing and machine learning techniques, this work uses a Riemannian framework. A major limitation in this filed is the EEG poor spatial resolution. This limitation is due to the volume conductance effect, as the skull bones act as a non-linear low pass filter, mixing the brain source signals and thus reducing the signal-to-noise ratio. Consequently, spatial filtering methods have been developed or adapted. Most of them (i.e. Common Spatial Pattern, xDAWN, and Canonical Correlation Analysis) are based on covariance matrix estimations. The covariance matrices are key in the representation of information contained in the EEG signal and constitute an important feature in their classification. In most of the existing machine learning algorithms, covariance matrices are treated as elements of the Euclidean space. However, being Symmetric and Positive-Definite (SPD), covariance matrices lie on a curved space that is identified as a Riemannian manifold. Using covariance matrices as features for classification of EEG signals and handling them with the tools provided by Riemannian geometry provide a robust framework for EEG representation and learning
Parmentier, Christophe. "Introduction de l'informatique à l'école : étude d'un transfert entre logo et géométrie, cours moyen 1." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H069.
Full textAfter a complete history of computer science developments in French primary schools, the study incorporates the teaching of programming in order to test its effectiveness in transfer situations and interactions with other fields of knowledge. That for, four tasks were constructed, they assess level of skill in calculation of perimeter and angle measurement, test for progress in the acquisition of certain prerequisites and they measure certain instructional know-hows in logo. After the first testing session, subjects were assigned to two homogeneous groups. Each group then received 12 hours of predefined training. The findings for the 24 pupils who first discovered concepts implicitly through the teaching of programming logo graphics and were then given explicit instruction without the computer, were contrasted with the results for the group of 24 pupils who received training in the reverse order. The findings indicate that weaker students cannot avail themselves of this feature. Dispersion measures and analysis of flux between the tests suggest that logo training mainly benefits good pupils. Nevertheless teachers should use logo only if they take these results in account
M'Boudi, Job. "Aide à la modélisation thermique des systèmes à géométrie complexe associant maillage polygonal et méthode nodale." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2311.
Full textZhu, Zuowei. "Modèles géométriques avec defauts pour la fabrication additive." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN021/document.
Full textThe intricate error sources within different stages of the Additive Manufacturing (AM) process have brought about major issues regarding the dimensional and geometrical accuracy of the manufactured product. Therefore, effective modeling of the geometric deviations is critical for AM. The Skin Model Shapes (SMS) paradigm offers a comprehensive framework aiming at addressing the deviation modeling problem at different stages of product lifecycle, and is thus a promising solution for deviation modeling in AM. In this thesis, considering the layer-wise characteristic of AM, a new SMS framework is proposed which characterizes the deviations in AM with in-plane and out-of-plane perspectives. The modeling of in-plane deviation aims at capturing the variability of the 2D shape of each layer. A shape transformation perspective is proposed which maps the variational effects of deviation sources into affine transformations of the nominal shape. With this assumption, a parametric deviation model is established based on the Polar Coordinate System which manages to capture deviation patterns regardless of the shape complexity. This model is further enhanced with a statistical learning capability to simultaneously learn from deviation data of multiple shapes and improve the performance on all shapes.Out-of-plane deviation is defined as the deformation of layer in the build direction. A layer-level investigation of out-of-plane deviation is conducted with a data-driven method. Based on the deviation data collected from a number of Finite Element simulations, two modal analysis methods, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Statistical Shape Analysis (SSA), are adopted to identify the most significant deviation modes in the layer-wise data. The effect of part and process parameters on the identified modes is further characterized with a Gaussian Process (GP) model. The discussed methods are finally used to obtain high-fidelity SMSs of AM products by deforming the nominal layer contours with predicted deviations and rebuilding the complete non-ideal surface model from the deformed contours. A toolbox is developed in the MATLAB environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods
Oussouaddi, Omar. "Analyse numérique de l'effet de la géométrie sur le comportement thermomécanique de quelques métaux en cisaillement." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Oussouaddi.Omar.SMZ9452.pdf.
Full textThis study has been devoted from one side to an numerical analysis of the transition from the isothermal to adiabatic conditions of deformation during plastic torsion of a thin-walled tube (for pure aluminium, copper and XC18 steel). On the other side the study adressed the effect of the tube length and level of lastic deformation on the transition zone as a function of nominal strain rate. It has been shown by numercal analyses that for small tube lengths at large strains and within the region of the nominal strain rates where the transition occurs, the plastic instability and localisation (occurence of the adiabatic shear bands) are possible exclusively due to a development of the temperature gradients. This effect has been shown for XC18 steel where thermal conductivity is relatively weak. Finaly, numerical simulations have been performed to study behaviour of the modified Double Shear Specimen loaded by a direct impact. The study enabled an optimization of the MDS specimen geometry eliminating some plastic deformation of the supports and unwanted rotation. It was also shown that at high niminal strain rates of shearing and at large deformations the distribution of strains and temperature fields have a tendency to be more localised within the shearing zone
Jeanne, Thierry. "Modélisation des transferts thermiques par conduction et rayonnement, dans une géométrie quelconque, multicomposant en multiphase." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX11278.
Full textLe, Hardy David. "Traitement des conditions aux limites spéculaires pour l'étude du transfert radiatif dans des matériaux à géométrie complexe." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4016/document.
Full textThis dissertation considers the development of numerical tools for the solution of the radiative transfer equation within threedimensional media with complex geometries, combined with the accurate treatment of specular boundary conditions. Numerical developments rely on the Discrete Ordinate Method, combined with SUPG-type stabilized Finite Elements. A very novel partitioning method has been developped for accurate treatment of specularity on borders. Also, some Gauss– Seidel type and GMRES parallel solvers have been used to deal with huge size matrix systems, due to fine discretization in both space and angles, needed for such considered geometrical complexity. Finally, all developped numerical tools have been tested for the modelling of radiative transport within a micro-tomographied ceramic ligament, extracted from a real open-cell foam
Trovalet, Lionel. "Résolution numérique des transferts par rayonnement et conduction au sein d'un milieu semi-transparent pour une géométrie 3D de forme complexe." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10142/document.
Full textThis work deals with the numerical solution of coupled radiative and conductive heat transfer in participating media in complex 3D geometries. Thermal radiation is simulated by a numerical code developed during this thesis. This code solves the radiative transfer equation (RTE) by a modified finite volume method (FVM) with a cell-vertex formulation applied to unstructured tetrahedral meshes. It uses a closure relation based on an exponential scheme, a marching order map and an innovative matrix solution for the FVM applied to the RTE. The model is applied to absorbing-emitting, grey or non-grey media bounded by black or opaque walls with diffuse reflection. The mesh used for the radiation-conduction coupling is the one used by the finite element code for the conduction. The validation of the radiative code and the coupling are carried out through several test cases taken from the literature. Grey and isothermal media with different geometries are considered, and the effects of the spatial and angular discretizations are observed through a sensitivity study. Three closure schemes have been studied on a transparent medium in order to show their influence on the accuracy and false scattering. Studies of coupled heat transfer are carried out on radiative equilibrium problems and coupled radiation-conduction problems in steady or transient states with the dimensionless equations. Finally a non-grey medium such glass is also studied, considering conduction and radiation in steady state with a spectral band model for radiation
Picchi, Stéphane. "Modélisation de l'explosion de vapeur en géométrie stratifiée." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10104.
Full textBatchi, Macaire. "Etude mathématique et numérique des phénomènes de transferts thermiques liés aux écoulements instationnaires en géométrie axisymétrique." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3019.
Full textThe study of the problems relating to the non stationary convective thermal transfer in axisymmetric flow allowed obtaining numerical results which gave place to a coherent physical interpretation and a comparison in good agreement with former results. The object of this study, as well from the theoretical point of view as numerical, primarily aimed at considering time periodic, nonhomogeneous boundary conditions associated to the energy and Navier-Stokes equations, and of which the goal is to obtain solutions which are time periodic. The analysis in the mathematical plan allowed to highlighting the existence of the strong solutions in 2D by the Galerkin method and in using the arguments of compactness. The time periodic assumption taken into account thanks to the nonstationnarity imposed on the flow, enabled us to establish an existence result of the reproductive strong solutions of our problem. The solutions of the thermal problem are obtained by taking account of the estimates a priori bearing on the velocity and also of the suitable assumptions of the wall temperature. We propose then a numerical resolution in space of our problem by the spectral Galerkin method whose the projection basis built starting from the Chebyshev polynomials satisfies the homogeneous boundary conditions. The nonlinear discrete problem obtained is solved by the classical Newton algorithm. Integration in time of the non stationary problem is carried out by the two order Crank-Nicolson scheme in which the source of pulsation placed at the channel entry is to be taken into account in the raising of the boundary conditions at every instant of the treatment
Dulong, Jean-Luc. "Modélisation tridimensionelle des transferts de glucose, d'insuline et d'oxygène dans un pancréas bioartificiel de géométrie tubulaire." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1411.
Full textM'batna, Jean-Paul. "Contribution à la modélisation tridimensionnelle du comportement termo fluidique d'une cellule de pile à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons." Belfort-Montbéliard, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/60/17/07/PDF/M_BATNA_THESE_UTBM.pdf.
Full textThe fuel cell systems are integrated into a set of auxiliary constraints that are operating them. To consider a good performance, it is necessary to better control these aids in eliminating the maximum such constraints. Modeling is increasingly considered to provide an answer. Among these different types of models, there is that which is to treat the problem of water management, the main cause of flooding of sites reactive electrodes batteries. Such an approach can not be done without difficulty because it requires the coupling of several equations. By using a CFD code FLUENT, we deal in a real configuration of a type of model that can enable us to provide an answer to the problem of water status of the cell. This consists of determining some parameters of transfer at he heart of the battery as the cell temperature, relative humidity, partial pressures and the molar flow components
Peña, Carrillo Juan David. "Étude expérimentale du transfert paroi/fluide dans le cas d’un écoulement vertical vapeur/gouttes dans une géométrie tubulaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0193/document.
Full textDuring a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), caused by a break or a leakage on the primary circuit, partial or even complete drying of the fuel assemblies may occur. In these conditions, the fuel temperature increases, leading to a significant deformation and rupture of the fuel rod cladding. The cooling flow might be impaired, according to the size and distribution of the deformed zones within the fuel assemblies during the emergency cooling phase (Reflooding phase). To contribute to the thermalhydraulic study of the reflooding phase, this study aims to characterize experimentally the coolability of a representative deformed sub-channel by a steam-droplets flow under LOCA conditions. In order to reproduce such a scenario, the experimental thermal-hydraulic set-up COLIBRI was designed. Several geometrical blockage configurations are analyzed (Blockage ratios and axial lengths). Three measurement techniques are set up to follow the cooling transient phase of each experience: Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) in order to obtain both velocity and diameter of droplets, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) to measure the mean droplet temperature and Infrared thermography to estimate the heat flux removed by the two-phase flow. Additionally, a one-dimensional mechanistic model, taking into account of the heat transfers mechanisms in the post-dry out region, is developed in order to analyze the experimental data and identify each one of the wall-to-fluid heat transfers (radiation with vapor and droplets, convection with vapor, evaporation, and droplet impact)
Peña, Carrillo Juan David. "Étude expérimentale du transfert paroi/fluide dans le cas d’un écoulement vertical vapeur/gouttes dans une géométrie tubulaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0193.
Full textDuring a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), caused by a break or a leakage on the primary circuit, partial or even complete drying of the fuel assemblies may occur. In these conditions, the fuel temperature increases, leading to a significant deformation and rupture of the fuel rod cladding. The cooling flow might be impaired, according to the size and distribution of the deformed zones within the fuel assemblies during the emergency cooling phase (Reflooding phase). To contribute to the thermalhydraulic study of the reflooding phase, this study aims to characterize experimentally the coolability of a representative deformed sub-channel by a steam-droplets flow under LOCA conditions. In order to reproduce such a scenario, the experimental thermal-hydraulic set-up COLIBRI was designed. Several geometrical blockage configurations are analyzed (Blockage ratios and axial lengths). Three measurement techniques are set up to follow the cooling transient phase of each experience: Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) in order to obtain both velocity and diameter of droplets, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) to measure the mean droplet temperature and Infrared thermography to estimate the heat flux removed by the two-phase flow. Additionally, a one-dimensional mechanistic model, taking into account of the heat transfers mechanisms in the post-dry out region, is developed in order to analyze the experimental data and identify each one of the wall-to-fluid heat transfers (radiation with vapor and droplets, convection with vapor, evaporation, and droplet impact)
Elouadie, Larbi. "Electroconvection et augmentation des échanges thermiques produites par une injection unipolaire en géométrie fil- cylindre coaxiaux." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10121.
Full textToubiana, Ephraïm. "Modélisation et analyse des transferts dans les échangeurs à plaques et ailettes à pas décalés : intensification par optimisation géométrique et génération de vorticité." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0005.
Full textThis thesis deals with the analysis, intensification and optimization of convective heat transfer in offset strip fins (OSF) heat exchangers used, for example, in the automotive field as water-cooled charge air coolers. Two complementary approaches are carried out in this study: CFD simulations to perform local fine analysis of the flow characteristics and transfer mechanisms, and a nodal type modeling allowing calculation of global aerothermal performance. Over the range of Reynolds numbers considered, different turbulence modeling approaches are implemented and compared: Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and RANS simulations which are usually used. The qualification of the RANS models shows that strong differences, both in the flow structure and at the overall performance evaluation level, may beobserved, depending on the flow regime considered. Then the development of a nodal model is presented. It aims at carrying out rapid optimization of geometries of unconventional OSF heat exchangers. The various optimization scenarios considered show the interest of this approach allowing the evaluation of a large number of geometric configurations. In a last part, an innovative new geometry that generates longitudinal vortices on this type of fins is proposed and studied
Mavroulakis, Andréas. "Développement d'outils destinés à la modélisation des échanges radiatifs dans des enceintes de géométrie complexe. Calcul des facteurs de forme en présence d'obstacles." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30241.
Full textLécossais, Eric. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de la sensibilité du transfert radiatif à l'indice complexe des cendres volantes." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUES024.
Full textElhajjar, Bilal. "Sur le couplage thermodiffusion-convection : séparation et instabilités induites par de nouvelles configurations géométriques et thermiques." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/348/.
Full textIn the present work, the coupling between thermo-diffusion and convection in new thermal and geometrical configurations was studied in order to improve the thermo-gravitational separation of mixture components. The thermo-gravitational separation phenomenon has been essentially studied in vertical columns subjected to horizontal temperature gradient. It was shown in this study that it is possible to obtain an equivalent level of separation in the Rayleigh-Bénard configuration, in a horizontal cell subjected to a thermal gradient with a linear horizontal component and constant vertical component and in inclined thermo-gravitational cell. High frequency and small amplitude vibrations enabled us to increase the level of separation in the Rayleigh-Bénard configuration for a larger range of physical parameter variations. The analytical, numerical and experimental results are in good agreement
Rouot, Jérémy. "Méthodes géométriques et numériques en contrôle optimal et applications au transfert orbital à poussée faible et à la nage à faible nombre de Reynolds." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4103/document.
Full textThe first part of this work is devoted to the study of the swimming at low Reynolds number where we consider a2-link swimmer to model the motion of a Copepod and the seminal model of the Purcell Three-link swimmer. Wepropose a geometric and numerical approach using optimal control theory assuming that the motion occursminimizing the energy dissipated by the drag fluid forces related with a concept of efficiency of a stroke. TheMaximum Principle is used to compute periodic controls considered as minimizing control using propertransversality conditions, in relation with periodicity, minimizing the energy dissipated for a fixed displacement ormaximizing the efficiency of a stroke. These problems fall into the framework of sub-Riemannian geometry whichprovides efficient techniques to tackle these problems : the nilpotent approximation is used to compute strokeswith small amplitudes which are continued numerically for the true system. Second order optimality, necessary orsufficient, are presented to select weak minimizers in the framework of periodic optimal controls.In the second part, we study the motion of a controlled spacecraft in a central field taking into account thegravitational interaction of the Moon and the oblateness of the Earth. Our purpose is to study the time minimalorbital transfer problem with low thrust. Due to the small control amplitude, our approach is to define anaveraged system from the Maximum Principle and study the related approximations to the non averaged system.We provide proofs of convergence and give numerical results where we use the averaged system to solve the nonaveraged system using indirect method
Hoyon, Guy. "Etude thermodynamique de l'encrassement des échangeurs de chaleur : application à la géométrie plane : simulation expérimentale par dépôt de glace." Nancy 1, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1997_0292_HOYON.pdf.
Full textThis report is a study of plate heat exchangers fouling. This problem is dealt with a new point of view, the entropic criterion, which allows to take into account both the mechanical and therrmal energy losses. Different models are developped: mono-dimensionnal model for the half-exchanger and the whole exchanger. A global model for the whole exchanger (exchanger taken as a "black box") is also applied. These models are used with different kinds of parameters (temperatures, regimes and kinds. Of flow) and adimensionnements (compared with the initial power or compared with non fouling initial state) for the basic geometry of a plate exchanger. Moreover the study of industrial cases for corrugated plates heat exchangers is done for the global model. The experimental aspect of this work is an ice deposit simulation. The different devices used for this part are detailed. The analysis of the first results allowed to understand the influence of parameters like temperatures and flows, in the ice formation growth. These results agreed with the models described above, for the range of the experiments done
Murena, Pierre-Alexandre. "Minimum complexity principle for knowledge transfer in artificial learning." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT019/document.
Full textClassical learning methods are often based on a simple but restrictive assumption: The present and future data are generated according to the same distributions. This hypothesis is particularly convenient when it comes to developing theoretical guarantees that the learning is accurate. However, it is not realistic from the point of view of applicative domains that have emerged in the last years.In this thesis, we focus on four distinct problems in artificial intelligence, that have mainly one common point: All of them imply knowledge transfer from one domain to the other. The first problem is analogical reasoning and concerns statements of the form "A is to B as C is to D". The second one is transfer learning and involves classification problem in situations where the training data and test data do not have the same distribution (nor even belong to the same space). The third one is data stream mining, ie. managing data that arrive one by one in a continuous and high-frequency stream with changes in the distributions. The last one is collaborative clustering and focuses on exchange of information between clustering algorithms to improve the quality of their predictions.The main contribution of this thesis is to present a general framework to deal with these transfer problems. This framework is based on the notion of Kolmogorov complexity, which measures the inner information of an object. This tool is particularly adapted to the problem of transfer, since it does not rely on probability distributions while being able to model the changes in the distributions.Apart from this modeling effort, we propose, in this thesis, various discussions on aspects and applications of the different problems of interest. These discussions all concern the possibility of transfer in multiple domains and are not based on complexity only
Louise, Aigrain. "Conséquences de l'échange de domaines évolutivement éloignés sur l'activité et la géométrie de la NADPH-cytochrome P450 réductase." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529217.
Full textDiop, Adama. "Détermination expérimentale et numérique de la propagation du front de fusion d'un mélange binaire : géométrie cylindrique avec transferts pariétaux." Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA12A028.
Full textKanaan, Samer. "To Be or not to B[e] : modélisation de la géométrie et de l'évolution de l'environnement circumstellaire & interprétation des données VLTI." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4005.
Full textTo be or not to B[e] that is the question. Be and B[e] stars exhibit infrared excess and emission lines in their spectra due to the presence of a circumstellar environment of gas and/or dust. Although they have common points their circumstellar environments are very different. In the case of Be stars the gaseous environment is often optically thin, whereas the dusty environment of B[e] stars is often optically thick. Many mechanisms to explain the ejection of matter from the photosphere were proposed such like the fast rotation, non-radial pulsations, radiative winds or binarity. This last one is the more likely scenario for B[e] stars, since they are not critical rotators as be stars, and because it also allows the formation and the survival of their circumstellar environment on long term scales. For the Be star Achernar, a multi-technical study (including photopmetric, spectroscopic and interferometric observations) have evidenced the formation and the dissipation of the equatorial disk if this star, which seems to be non-correlated with the presence of a polar wind. The interferometric study of the Be star Achernar and the B[e] star HD 62623 allowed us to derive physical and geometrical parameters of their circumstellar environments. For the B[e] star HD 62623 we have shown the importance of a gas+dust coupling, with the fact that some envelopes are asymmetric, which makes a fully 3D code mandatory. The 3D modifications of the Simeca code was a major part of my thesis work and it is now possible to directly couple the Simeca outputs with a 3D Monte Carlo code such as MC3D
Murena, Pierre-Alexandre. "Minimum complexity principle for knowledge transfer in artificial learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT019.
Full textClassical learning methods are often based on a simple but restrictive assumption: The present and future data are generated according to the same distributions. This hypothesis is particularly convenient when it comes to developing theoretical guarantees that the learning is accurate. However, it is not realistic from the point of view of applicative domains that have emerged in the last years.In this thesis, we focus on four distinct problems in artificial intelligence, that have mainly one common point: All of them imply knowledge transfer from one domain to the other. The first problem is analogical reasoning and concerns statements of the form "A is to B as C is to D". The second one is transfer learning and involves classification problem in situations where the training data and test data do not have the same distribution (nor even belong to the same space). The third one is data stream mining, ie. managing data that arrive one by one in a continuous and high-frequency stream with changes in the distributions. The last one is collaborative clustering and focuses on exchange of information between clustering algorithms to improve the quality of their predictions.The main contribution of this thesis is to present a general framework to deal with these transfer problems. This framework is based on the notion of Kolmogorov complexity, which measures the inner information of an object. This tool is particularly adapted to the problem of transfer, since it does not rely on probability distributions while being able to model the changes in the distributions.Apart from this modeling effort, we propose, in this thesis, various discussions on aspects and applications of the different problems of interest. These discussions all concern the possibility of transfer in multiple domains and are not based on complexity only