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Academic literature on the topic 'Transfer of oscillator strength'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

1

Brunhes, T., R. André, A. Arnoult, J. Cibert, and A. Wasiela. "Oscillator strength transfer fromXtoX+in a CdTe quantum-well microcavity." Physical Review B 60, no. 16 (October 15, 1999): 11568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.60.11568.

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Padma, R., and PC Deshmukh. "Optical Oscillator Strengths from 'Electron-impact Photoionisation' in the RCX Potential." Australian Journal of Physics 46, no. 4 (1993): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph930497.

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Electron-impact collisions excite optically allowed as well as optically forbidden transitions. In this paper we report details of optical oscillator strengths calculated using the RCS potential. The oscillator strengths have been calculated using the small-momentum-transfer limit (K -+ 0) of the electron-impact generalised oscillator strength. Results for the Cooperminimum trajectories for some high-Z (82-90) atoms and for Kr 3p ionisation are reported. These have been found to be in fair agreement with results of previous calculations in which more involved techniques were used. The present results offer further support to the utility of the RCS potential in atomic physics by providing first estimates of some important atomic properties, using a relativistic atomic potential which is computationally not very demanding

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Farges, J. P., A. Brau, and P. Dupuis. "Infrared Oscillator Strength Study of Charge Transfer in Two TCNQ Salts." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 186, no. 1 (August 1990): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268949008037203.

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KANO, HIDEAKI, TAKASHI SAITO, AKIKATSU UEKI, and TAKAYOSHI KOBAYASHI. "FIRST OBSERVATION OF DYNAMIC INTENSITY BORROWING INDUCED BY COHERENT MOLECULAR VIBRATIONS IN J-AGGREGATES REVEALED BY SUB-5-FS SPECTROSCOPY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 28n30 (December 10, 2001): 3817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201008743.

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Sub-5-fs spectroscopy of porphyrin J-aggregates reveals for the first time coherent molecular vibration coupled to the Frenkel exciton. The oscillations with the frequency of 244cm-1 are described by a plus-cosine function for bleaching and a minus-cosine function for induced absorption. The coherent oscillation is explained by a modulated transition dipole moment, which is due to the transfer of an oscillator strength from the intense B-band to the weak Q-band through the ruffling mode with 244cm-1-frequency.

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Bonham, R. A., M. Inokuti, and R. S. Barbieri. "On the slope of the generalized oscillator strength in the limit of zero momentum transfer." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 26, no. 19 (October 14, 1993): 3363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/26/19/024.

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Saenz, Alejandro, and Wolf Weyrich. "The Generalised Oscillator-Strength Density of the Helium Atom, Calculated by a New Implementation of the Complex-Coordinate Method." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 48, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1993): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1993-1-245.

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Abstract We report a calculation of the generalised oscillator-strength density (GOSD) of the helium atom for low momentum transfer. The calculation was performed by extraction of the searched entity from the resolvent of the complex-rotated Hamiltonian. That Hamiltonian was found using a standard ab-initio program without any change in the program code. The shape of the Bethe surface is reproduced (including resonances and the absorption edge). However, with increasing momentum transfer the magnitude of the calculated values for the Bethe ridge becomes too small. This is clearly demonstrated by an evaluation of the Bethe sum as a function of the momentum transfer. A comparison with recent additional theoretical data shows that the deviations are due to the employed basis set.

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Wu, Yuting, Yanan Zhu, Zewei Zhang, Chongguang Zhao, Junpeng He, Chaoyi Yan, and Hong Meng. "Narrowband Deep-Blue Multi-Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Insights from the Theoretical Molecular Design." Molecules 27, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020348.

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Multi-resonance thermal activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) has been promising with large oscillator strength and narrow full width at half maxima of luminescence, overcoming the compromise of emission intensity and energy criteria of traditional charge transfer TADF frameworks. However, there are still limited theoretical investigations on the excitation mechanism and systematic molecular manipulation of MR-TADF structures. We systematically study the highly localized excitation (LE) characteristics based on typical blue boron-nitrogen (BN) MR-TADF emitters and prove the potential triangular core with theoretical approaches. A design strategy by extending the planar π-conjugate core structure is proposed to enhance the multiple resonance effects. Moreover, several substituted groups are introduced to the designed core, achieving color-tunable functions with relatively small energy split and strong oscillator strength simultaneously. This work provides a theoretical direction for molecular design strategy and a series of potential candidates for highly efficient BN MR-TADF emitters.

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Dolomatov, Mikhail Yu, Kamil F. Latypov, and Ella A. Kovaleva. "Prediction of vertical ionization potentials for organic compounds by integral characteristics of optical spectra and the number of protons in molecules." Butlerov Communications 58, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-58-6-62.

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In this review, the authors summarize the results of the first vertical ionization potentials with the structural and spectral integral descriptors of organic compounds: the integral oscillator strength defined in the visible or UV regions of the spectrum and the total number of protons in organic molecules. The adequate non-linear regression models relating the potentials of ionization as functions of the integral oscillator strength in the range between 6.53 eV and 1.63 eV (from 190 to 760 nm) and the total number of protons in organic molecules. The regularities were allowing to estimate the first ionization potentials for organic oxygen – and nitrogen-containing compounds established. The established regularities are interpreted as the influence of exchange and electrostatic interactions on the energies of the highest occupied molecular orbitals. The ionization potentials were calibrated according to the method of Hartree-Fock (RHF) method using 6-31G(d,p) basis set from the Koopmans' theorem. The obtained models allow us to estimate first ionization potentials of organic oxygen-and nitrogen-containing molecular systems by the integral oscillator strength and by the number of protons with an accuracy of 0.4 to 9%. This accuracy is quite suitable for practical applications. The research results can be used in chemistry, photochemistry, molecular electronics, photonics, and physical chemistry to study electron transfer processes, the characteristics of the band structure of nanoparticles. The present paper examples confirmed by statistical data processing.

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MAN, ZHONG-XIAO, SU FANG, and YUN-JIE XIA. "ENTANGLEMENT DYNAMICS MODULATED BY COUPLING STRENGTH IN CAVITY QED." International Journal of Quantum Information 06, no. 02 (April 2008): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749908003414.

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We study the dynamics of entanglement for a four-qubit system in cavity QED. Two initially entangled atoms A and B are coupled respectively with spatially separate cavities a and b with coupling strengths gA and gB. We show that when gA ≠ gB, the entanglement will oscillate in the period of entanglement sudden death (ESD) for gA = gB, and the oscillation times are related to the ratios between gA and gB. Also, we show that the coupling strengths have the same effects on the entanglement evolution and energy transfer.

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OKAMOTO, SHINJI, SHOSAKU TANAKA, and HAJIME YAMAMOTO. "ENERGY-TRANSFER PROCESS IN RARE-EARTH-ION DOPED SrTiO3." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 28n30 (December 10, 2001): 3924–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201009013.

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Enhancement of emission intensity of rare-earth-ion doped SrTiO 3 by Al addition has been investigated. In the case of Pr 3+ and Tb 3+, addition of 23-mol% Al intensifies emission by more than 200 times. In contrast, the addition of 20 mol% Al intensifies emission at most by three times in the case of other rare-earth ions. The temperature dependence of PL spectra shows that the energy transfer from carriers to Pr 3+ or Tb 3+ ions is much more efficient than that to other rare-earth ions in SrTiO 3. It can be speculated that the energy transfer in SrTiO 3: Pr 3 or Tb 3+ occurs from carriers to Pr 3+ or Tb 3+ ion via 4f-5d transitions, which are much higher in oscillator strength than 4f-4f transitions.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

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Eustatiu, Iulia Gabriela. "Inner-shell electron energy loss spectroscopy and generalized oscillator strengths at high momentum transfer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ66264.pdf.

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Holmes, Charlotte Emma. "Experimentally measured oscillator strengths and associated radiative lifetimes of neutral vanadium using Fourier Transform Spectroscopy and Laser-Induced Fluorescence." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/34943.

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Modern astrophysical analysis requires increasing higher resolution laboratory spectra over a broader spectral range. The advances in ground- and space-based telescopes are highlighting the deficiencies in the current laboratory spectral database. This thesis reports on the research carried out on the high resolution laboratory measurements of the spectrum of neutral vanadium and the associated lifetime measurements to calculate transition probabilities. New measurements of radiative atomic lifetimes were made for 25 levels between 24648 cm-1 and 37518 cm-1 at the Lund Laser Center, Sweden, using the time resolved Laser-induced Fluorescence method. High Resolution Fourier Transform (FT) Spectroscopy is used to observe the hollow cathode lamp spectrum of neutral vanadium in the range 2000 cm-1 - 35000 cm-1. This range was covered using two high resolution FT Spectrometers in Imperial College London and Lund University (Sweden) with a resolving power of approximately 2 million and 1 million respectively. This resolving power enables line profiles to be fully resolved to the Doppler width. The high resolution spectra were used to measure the branching fractions of levels of interest which were then used in combination with the lifetime measurements to calculate the oscillator strengths. Across the UV, visible and IR spectral regions, radiative lifetimes and oscillator strengths for 208 lines between 3040 Å and 20000 Å from 39 upper energy levels are reported. 13 of these oscillator strengths have not been reported previously. Additionally new measurements were made of hyperfine structure splitting factors for 3 odd levels of V I lying between 24700 cm-1 and 28400 cm-1.

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Zhou, Yan. "Spin momentum transfer effects for spintronic device applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialfysik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10605.

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The recent discovery that a spin-polarized current can exert a large torque on a ferromagnet, through direct transfer of spin angular momentum, offers the possibility of electrical current controlled manipulation of magnetic moment in nanoscale magnetic device structures. This so-called spin torque effect holds great promise for two applications, namely, spin torque oscillators (STOs) for wireless communication and radar communication, and spin transfer torque RAM (STT-RAM) for data/information storage. The STO is a nanosized spintronic device capable of microwave generation at frequencies in the 1-65 GHz range with high quality factors. Although the STO is very promising for future telecommunication, two major shortcomings have to be addressed before it can truly find practical use as a radio-frequency device. Firstly, its very limited output power has to be significantly improved. One possibility is the synchronization of two or more STOs to both increase the microwave power and further increase the signal quality. Synchronization of serially connected STOs has been suggested in this thesis. In this configuration, synchronization relies on phase locking between the STOs and their self-generated alternating current. While this locking mechanism is intrinsically quite weak, we find that the locking range of two serially connected spin-valve STOs can be enhanced by over two orders of magnitude by adjusting the circuit I-V phase to that of an intrinsic preferred phase shift between the STO and an alternating current. More recently, we have also studied the phase-locking of STOs based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ-STO) to meet the power specifications of actual application where the rf output levels should be above 0 dBm (1 mW). In addition to the spin torque terms present in GMR spin valves, MTJs also exhibit a significant perpendicular spin torque component with a quite complex dependence on both material choices and applied junction bias. We find that the perpendicular torque component modifies the intrinsic preferred I-V phase shift in single MTJ-STOs in such a way that serially connected STOs synchronize much more readily without the need for additional circuitry to change the I-V phase. Secondly, equal attention has been focused on removing the applied magnetic field for STO operation, which requires bulky components and will limit the miniaturization of STO-based devices. Various attempts have been made to realize STOs operating in zero magnetic field. By using a tilted (oblique angle) polarizer (fixed layer) instead of an in-plane polarizer (standard STO), we show zero field operation over a very wide polarizer angle range without sacrificing output signal. In addition, the polarizer angle introduces an entirely new degree of freedom to any spin torque device and opens up for a wide range of additional phenomena. The STT-RAM has advantages over other types of memories including conventional MRAM in terms of power consumption, speed, and scalability. We use a set of simulation tools to carry out a systematic study on the subject of micromagnetic switching processes of a device for STT-RAM application. We find that the non-zero k spin wave modes play an important role in the experimentally measured switching phase boundary. These may result in telegraph transitions among different spin-wave states, and be related to the back-hopping phenomena where the switching probability will decrease with increasing bias in tunnel junctions.
QC 20100819

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Habouh, Mohamed I. "SHEAR TRANSFER STRENGTH OF CONCRETE PLACED AGAINST HARDENED CONCRETE." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1439564977.

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Bonetti, Rodolfo Arturo. "Ultimate Strength of the Local Zone in Load Transfer Tests." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31392.

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An improved equation is presented for the prediction of the ultimate strength of the local zone in Load Transfer Tests. The derivation of this new formulation is the result of the investigation of the ultimate bearing strength of plain and reinforced concrete blocks, concentrically loaded. A total of 199 bearing tests were performed on plain and reinforced concrete prisms to evaluate the variables involved in the bearing problem. A finite element analysis of a typical square block loaded with different bearing areas was performed. Two equations, one for plain concrete and the other for reinforced concrete were derived using the Mohr failure criterion. The performance of the derived equations was evaluated against actual test data. The results of this evaluation showed very good agreement between the predicted ultimate strength and the actual test strength for both plain and reinforced concrete. For plain concrete specimens the ratio Ptest/Ppred was 1.05 with a coefficient of variation of 9 percent. In the case of reinforced concrete blocks the ratio Ptest/Ppred was 1.00 with a coefficient of variation of 14 percent.
Master of Science

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6

Razavi, Sabah. "Channel Estimation Error, Oscillator Stability And Wireless Power Transfer In Wireless Communication With Distributed Reception Networks." Digital WPI, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/508.

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This dissertation considers three related problems in distributed transmission and reception networks. Generally speaking, these types of networks have a transmit cluster with one or more transmit nodes and a receive cluster with one or more receive nodes. Nodes within a given cluster can communicate with each other using a wired or wireless local area network (LAN/WLAN). The overarching goal in this setting is typically to increase the efficiency of communication between the transmit and receive clusters through techniques such as distributed transmit beamforming, distributed reception, or other distributed versions of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication. More recently, the problem of wireless power transfer has also been considered in this setting. The first problem considered by this dissertation relates to distributed reception in a setting with a single transmit node and multiple receive nodes. Since exchanging lightly quantized versions of in-phase and quadrature samples results in high throughput requirements on the receive LAN/WLAN, previous work has considered an approach where nodes exchange hard decisions, along with channel magnitudes, to facilitate combining similar to an ideal receive beamformer. It has been shown that this approach leads to a small loss in SNR performance, with large reductions in required LAN/WLAN throughput. A shortcoming of this work, however, is that all of the prior work has assumed that each receive node has a perfect estimation of its channel to the transmitter. To address this shortcoming, the first part of this dissertation investigates the effect of channel estimation error on the SNR performance of distributed reception. Analytical expressions for these effects are obtained for two different modulation schemes, M-PSK and M2-QAM. The analysis shows the somewhat surprising result that channel estimation error causes the same amount of performance degradation in ideal beamforming and pseudo-beamforming systems despite the fact that the channel estimation errors manifests themselves quite differently in both systems. The second problem considered in this dissertation is related to oscillator stability and phase noise modeling. In distributed transmission systems with multiple transmitters in the transmit cluster, synchronization requirements are typically very strict, e.g., on the order of one picosecond, to maintain radio frequency phase alignment across transmitters. Therefore, being able to accurately model the behavior of the oscillators and their phase noise responses is of high importance. Previous approaches have typically relied on a two-state model, but this model is often not sufficiently rich to model low-cost oscillators. This dissertation develops a new three-state oscillator model and a method for estimating the parameters of this model from experimental data. Experimental results show that the proposed model provides up to 3 dB improvement in mean squared error (MSE) performance with respect to a two-state model. The last part of this work is dedicated to the problem of wireless power transfer in a setting with multiple nodes in the transmit cluster and multiple nodes in the receive cluster. The problem is to align the phases of the transmitters to achieve a certain power distribution across the nodes in the receive cluster. To find optimum transmit phases, we consider a iterative approach, similar to the prior work on one-bit feedback for distributed beamforming, in which each receive node sends a one-bit feedback to the transmit cluster indicating if the received power in that time slot for that node is increased. The transmitters then update their phases based on the feedback. What makes this problem particularly interesting is that, unlike the prior work on one-bit feedback for distributed beamforming, this is a multi-objective optimization problem where not every receive node can receive maximum power from the transmit array. Three different phase update decision rules, each based on the one-bit feedback signals, are analyzed. The effect of array sparsity is also investigated in this setting.

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Nassar, Adil J. "Investigation of Transfer Length, Development Length, Flexural Strength and Prestress Loss Trend in Fully Bonded High Strength Lightweight Prestressed Girders." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32941.

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Encouraged by the performance of high performance normal weight composite girders, Virginia Department of Transportation has sought to exploit the use of high strength lightweight composite concrete (HSLWC) girders to achieve economies brought about by the reduction of dead loads in bridges. Transfer Length measurements conducted on two AASHTO Type IV HSLWC prestressed girders, resulted in an average transfer length of 17 inches, well below the AASHTO and ACI guidance. Two girders composed of HSLWC AASHTO Type II girders and a 48" x 8" normal weight 4000-psi concrete deck were produced. The HSLWC Type II girders were cast of concretes with a compressive strength of 6380 psi and unit weight of 114 pcf. Full scale testing of the girders was conducted to evaluate development length and flexural strength in HSLWC composite girders. Embedment lengths of five, six and eight feet were evaluated. Tests indicated a development length of about 72 inches, marginally below the ACI and AASHTO stipulation. Four of eight strands in the girders showed general bond failure nevertheless, the tested girders exceeded their theoretical flexural capacity by 24 to 30 percent. A third composite girder was cast of a high strength normal weight concrete (HSNWC) Type II girder, and topped with a 48" x 8" normal weight 4000-psi concrete deck. This girder was intended as a control specimen to contrast its test results with the HSLWC composite girders. The targeted compressive strength of both the HSLWC and HSNWC AASHTO beams was 8000 psi. The compressive strength of the HSNWC mixture, however, was about 8990 psi compared to 6380 psi for the HSLWC mixture. Prestress losses in HSLWC AASHTO Type IV girders monitored over a nine-month period were found to be less than those calculated using the ACI and PCI models. Furthermore, the ACI model indicated that the effective prestressess retained in the HSLWC girders in 30 year's time are greater than 50% of the specified tensile strength of the strands.
Master of Science

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8

Tais, Senna. "Transfer Mechanisms of Eccentric Training : The effects of EMG-biofeedback in training." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-2303.

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Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how neural mechanisms operate during maximum strength training in the Quadriceps Femoris muscle group. One of the main objectives is to investigate the effects of five weeks unilateral maximum eccentric strength training on contralateral neural adaptations. The second is to investigate the effects of adding electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback into the training intervention. Method: 20 healthy, recreationally active men and women had to undergo five weeks (three training sessions per week, resulting in 15 sessions in total) of maximum isokinetic unilateral eccentric strength training of the Quadriceps femoris muscle, with EMG biofeedback; FBG, n=10 five women and five men, or without EMG biofeedback; RTG n=10 five women and five men. The study was performed at the Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor control, BMC Laboratory, Stockholm Sweden. Results: The results demonstrated an increase in concentric strength development in the trained leg; before 130 ± 43 Nm and after training 148 ± 46 Nm, (p=0.006). No significant increase in strength was detected for the untrained leg. Further, post hoc tests showed a tendency towards an increase in level of activation (LOA) of the trained leg in the FBG; from 69 ± 15 % before to 81 ± 13 % after training (p=0.097). No significant differences in the ecc:con EMG-ratio or in antagonist co-activation after the training intervention were shown. Conclusion: No significant difference in strength development was shown, whether training occurred with or without EMG biofeedback. However, eccentric training tended to induce transfer of neural activation to a maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in the trained leg only in the group training with EMG biofeedback. In addition, the results revealed that eccentric strength training improved concentric strength in the trained leg but induced no transfer to the contralateral untrained leg. The benefits and prospects with incorporating feedback into training remains somewhat unknown and requires further research to obtain deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms affected by biofeedback.

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Rowe, Grant. "Adaptations underpinning the development, retention and loss of muscular strength in response to unilateral strength training and contralateral limb detraining." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2335.

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Although adaptations to strength training should logically be confined to the trained muscles, a stimulus is also directed to the homologous, contralateral muscles that can improve strength of the contralateral limb even though it has not been exercised. This response is referred to as the cross-transfer effect or cross-education. There has been increasing research interest in the cross-transfer effect, and particularly its potential clinical use. However, several issues remain to be addressed with regards to its effectiveness in different populations. Pertinent to athletic and otherwise-active populations, no research has determined whether the cross-transfer effect occurs in previously-trained individuals. With recent research demonstrating that previously untrained individuals can prevent disuse-induce muscle loss in the contralateral limb by performing unilateral strength training, it is unclear whether the same outcome can be achieved in previously-trained participants. Understanding this response also has important implications for clinical practitioners who prescribe pre- or post-operative exercise programmes to patients. Therefore, the present research examined the cross-transfer effect in a homogenous group of previously-untrained participants after first completing 4 weeks of unilateral elbow flexion strength training of both arms (Study 2). This ensured that both limbs had a similar training status before phase two of the study and allowed for a detailed comparison to be made of adaptations to training in the force-dominant (stronger) versus force-non-dominant (weaker) arms. Subsequently, one group of subjects discontinued training completely while another group ceased training of only one arm (Study 3). This allowed an examination of whether strength loss occurs after a short period of strength training, and whether unilateral training could evoke a cross-transfer effect sufficient to attenuate the potential loss of strength in the non-training arm. To ensure that muscle size measurements could be accurately obtained in both exercise training phases, muscle size estimate errors following a single unilateral strength training session were determined on several consecutive days (Study 1). This information would provide clarity on the number of days the muscle should be rested before measurements were made. Although only peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scanning was used to measure muscle size changes in Studies 2 and 3, ultrasonography was used in parallel in Study 1 to provide evidence as to whether the scanning techniques might be affected by common factors. Hence, the purposes of the present PhD research were threefold: (1) to investigate the muscle size estimate errors following a single unilateral strength training session using pQCT scanning and ultrasound imaging; 2) to quantify the adaptive responses in both the stronger and weaker elbow flexors to a short (4-week) period of unilateral strength training of both arms; and 3) to determine whether cross-transfer effects evoked by the continued training of one arm influence neuromuscular and strength changes in a contralateral limb that ceases training. In Study 1, pQCT- and ultrasound-derived estimates of muscle size increased markedly (5.4% and 6.9%, respectively) up to 72 h post-exercise and were significantly correlated. The similarity in change in these measures as well as the significant correlation between them indicates that changes measured by pQCT scanning reflect the same changes measured by ultrasound imaging. Also, as both measures of muscle size showed no signs of returning to baseline by 72 h post-exercise, muscle size measurements in the training studies (2 and 3) were conducted at least six days following the final training session. In Study 2, increases in 1-RM strength were observed in the stronger (+2.1 kg) and weaker (+1.8 kg) elbow flexors after 4 weeks of unilateral training of both arms, with no differences in strength or hypertrophic adaptations being detected between arms. Thus, pre-training between-limb asymmetries did not affect neuromuscular or strength adaptations to training, and between-limb strength differences were not reduced by the training; thus, reduction of between-limb differences might require different training stimuli to be applied to each arm. In Study 3, maximal isoinertial (1-RM) strength of the non-trained (weaker) arm increased statistically, although minimally (+0.8 kg), after continued training of the stronger, contralateral arm (+2.0 kg) while strength was maintained in both arms in the detraining group. Thus, cross-transfer effects were sufficient to improve contralateral limb strength in previously-trained muscles. These changes occurred despite a decrease in elbow flexor CSA (CSAFlexor) of 3.4% in the non-training arm, while continued training of the contralateral arm led to a further, 2.5%, increase in CSAFlexor. The findings provide evidence that cross-transfer effects allow for the retention of (or small improvement in) muscular strength in a previously-trained limb during a period of disuse, at least when the stronger arm is selected for continued training. The findings are consistent with recent data showing that disuse-induced strength loss can be prevented when untrained individuals are subjected to limb immobilisation. Nonetheless, as no strength loss was detected in either arm in the detraining group, the retention of strength in the non-trained arm of the training group may have also partly resulted from other causes. The improvement in contralateral limb strength without identification of any neuromuscular adaptations suggests that alterations in muscle activation patterns (i.e. rather than increased agonist activation per se) likely contributed to the observed changes. This series of studies provides valuable new information relating to the adaptations underpinning the development, retention, and loss of muscular strength in response to unilateral strength training and contralateral limb detraining.

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Chan, Phillip. "Jet impingement boiling heat transfer at low coiling temperatures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/401.

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The production of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) for use in the automotive and construction industries requires complex control of runout table (ROT) cooling. Advanced high strength steels require coiling at temperatures below 500 °C in order to produce a complex multi-phase microstructure. The research described here will investigate the boiling conditions that occur for moving plate experiments when steel is cooled towards low coiling temperatures. Experiments were performed on a pilot-scale ROT located at the University of British Columbia using industrially supplied steel plates. Tests were performed for four different speeds (0.3, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.3 m/s) and three different initial plate temperatures(350, 500 and 600 °C). Each plate was instrumented with thermocouples in order to record the thermal history of the plate. The results show that cooling is more effective at slower speeds within the stagnation zone for surface temperatures over 200 °C. Outside the stagnation zone regardless of speed cooling is primarily governed by air convection and radiation with minor effects from latent heat caused by splashing water. The maximum peak heat flux value increases with decreasing speed and occurs at a surface temperature of approximately 200 °C, regardless of speed. Below a surface temperature of 200 °C, speed has a negligible effect on peak heat flux. The maximum integrated heat flux seems to vary with speed according to a second order polynomial.

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Books on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

1

Wolfe, Ronald W. Stiffness and strength properties of shear transfer plate connections. Madison, WI (One Gifford Pinchot Dr., Madison 53705-2398): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1993.

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2

Zink, L. R. NO?□heterodyne frequency measurements with a tunable diode laser, a CO laser transfer oscillator, and CO?□laser standards. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Zink, L. R. NOb2s heterodyne frequency measurements with a tunable diode laser, a CO laser transfer oscillator, and COb2s laser standards. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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4

Ramirez, J. A. Transfer, development, and splice length for strand/reinforcement in high-strength concrete. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 2008.

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Siegel, Robert. Two-flux method for transient radiative transfer in a semitransparent layer: Technical note. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Two-flux method for transient radiative transfer in a semitransparent layer: Technical note. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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International Conference, Single Crystal Growth, Strength Problems, and Heat Mass Transfer (3rd 1999 Obninsk, Russia). ICSC-99: Third International Conference, Single Crystal Growth, Strength Problems, and Heat Mass Transfer : Obninsk, Russia, September 21-24, 1999 : proceedings. Obninsk, Russia: Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, named after Acad. A.I. Leipunsky, 2000.

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Tiwari, Sandip. Semiconductor Physics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759867.001.0001.

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A graduate-level text, Semiconductor physics: Principles, theory and nanoscale covers the central topics of the field, together with advanced topics related to the nanoscale and to quantum confinement, and integrates the understanding of important attributes that go beyond the conventional solid-state and statistical expositions. Topics include the behavior of electrons, phonons and photons; the energy and entropic foundations; bandstructures and their calculation; the behavior at surfaces and interfaces, including those of heterostructures and their heterojunctions; deep and shallow point perturbations; scattering and transport, including mesoscale behavior, using the evolution and dynamics of classical and quantum ensembles from a probabilistic viewpoint; energy transformations; light-matter interactions; the role of causality; the connections between the quantum and the macroscale that lead to linear responses and Onsager relationships; fluctuations and their connections to dissipation, noise and other attributes; stress and strain effects in semiconductors; properties of high permittivity dielectrics; and remote interaction processes. The final chapter discusses the special consequences of the principles to the variety of properties (consequences of selection rules, for example) under quantum-confined conditions and in monolayer semiconductor systems. The text also bring together short appendices discussing transform theorems integral to this study, the nature of random processes, oscillator strength, A and B coefficients and other topics important for understanding semiconductor behavior. The text brings the study of semiconductor physics to the same level as that of the advanced texts of solid state by focusing exclusively on the equilibrium and off-equilibrium behaviors important in semiconductors.

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Dry-land strength training for competitive swimming: Interaction between strength training and swim training. 1992.

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Dry-land strength training for competitive swimming: Interaction between strength training and swim training. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

1

Grundmann, Marius. "Oscillator Strength." In Graduate Texts in Physics, 777–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13884-3_27.

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Curtis, Lorenzo. "Precision Oscillator Strength and Lifetime Measurements." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 261–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-26308-3_17.

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Curtis, Lorenzo J. "Precision Oscillator Strength and Lifetime Measurements." In Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 261–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73893-8_18.

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Dapor, Maurizio. "Appendix F: The Mermin TheoryMermin theory and the Generalized Oscillator Strength MethodGeneralized oscillator strength method." In Transport of Energetic Electrons in Solids, 171–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47492-2_15.

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Brearley, Simon, and Jamie North. "Transfer of Training." In Strength and Conditioning for Golf, 190–216. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003099321-10.

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Gourary, M. M., S. G. Rusakov, S. L. Ulyanov, M. M. Zharov, and B. J. Mulvaney. "Evaluation of Oscillator Phase and Frequency Transfer Functions." In Scientific Computing in Electrical Engineering SCEE 2008, 183–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12294-1_24.

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Hönerlage, B. "CuCl, gamma modification: exciton energies, Rabi energies, oscillator strength." In New Data and Updates for I-VII, III-V, III-VI and IV-VI Compounds, 126–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48529-2_35.

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Sarkar, Debasmita, and Arpan Deyasi. "Oscillator Strength of Gaussian Double Quantum Well for Intersubband Transition." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 433–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3908-9_53.

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Lee, Youngjun. "Rational Development of Furoindolizine Core Skeleton Guided by Oscillator Strength." In Systematic Exploration of Indolizine-Based Small Fluorescent Molecules, 85–121. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1645-6_4.

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Kitov, Victor. "Real-Time Style Transfer with Strength Control." In Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns, 206–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29891-3_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

1

Farouk, Bakhtier, and Murat K. Aktas. "Simulation of Acoustic Streaming in a Resonator." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56178.

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Formation of vortical flow structures in a rectangular enclosure due to acoustic streaming is investigated numerically. The oscillatory flow field in the enclosure is created by the vibration of a vertical side wall of the enclosure. The frequency of the wall vibration is chosen such that a standing wave forms in the enclosure. The interaction of this standing wave with the horizontal solid walls leads to the production of Rayleigh type acoustic streaming flow patterns in the enclosure. All four walls of the enclosure considered are thermally insulated. The fully compressible form of the Navier-Stokes equations is considered and an explicit time-marching algorithm is used to explicitly track the acoustic waves. Numerical solutions are obtained by employing a highly accurate flux corrected transport (FCT) algorithm for the convection terms. A time-splitting technique is used to couple the viscous and diffusion terms of the full Navier-Stokes equations. Non-uniform grid structure is employed in the computations. The simulation of the primary oscillatory flow and the secondary (steady) streaming flows in the enclosure is performed. Streaming flow patterns are obtained by time averaging the primary oscillatory flow velocity distributions. The effect of the amount of wall displacement on the formation of the oscillatory flow field and the streaming structures are studied. Computations indicate that the nonlinearity of the acoustic field increases with increasing amount of the vibration amplitude. The form and the strength of the secondary flow associated with the oscillatory flow field and viscous effects are found to be strongly correlated to the maximum displacement of the vibrating wall. Total number of acoustic streaming cells per wavelength is also determined by the strength and the level of the nonlinearity of the sound field in the resonator.

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Wu, Xinyu, and Huiying Wu. "A Numerical Study on Separation Characteristics of Magnetic Particles in Magnetophoretic Chip Microchannels." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18528.

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In this paper, a two-dimensional dynamic model describing the separation behaviors of magnetic particles in magnetophoretic chip microchannels integrated with double-side symmetric and asymmetric soft magnets is proposed and solved with the combining use of the finite element method and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The dynamic characteristics of magnetic particles during the separation process, including the trajectories of magnetic particles, the capture time and capture efficiency are analyzed. The impacts of the geometrical configurations, fluid velocity and magnetic field intensity are also studied. The results show that the trajectories of the magnetic particles in microchannels are oscillatory because of the alternative magnetic force and this oscillation is more obvious for asymmetric positions of the soft magnets. The oscillatory motion of the particle leads to the increase of the moving distance and delay of the capture time. The capture time depends on the geometrical configurations, the initial positions and the dynamic characteristics of the particles. It is also found that under the same strength of magnetic fields there is nearly no difference on the capture efficiency for symmetric and asymmetric configurations. With the increase of fluid velocity, the capture efficiency drops drastically at low flow rates and decreases slowly at high flow rates. The distance between soft magnets and microchannel walls has the similar influence on capture efficiency. It is expected that the results presented in this paper are helpful for the design and optimization of magnetophoretic separation microsystems.

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Dyer, R. Brian, Kristen A. Peterson, Keith C. Gordon, William H. Woodruff, Jon R. Schoonover, Thomas J. Meyer, and Carlo A. Bignozzi. "Picosecond Infrared Study of Intramolecular Energy Transfer in [(phen)(CO)3ReI(NC)RuII(CN)(bpy)2]+." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.1992.tuc12.

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Significant advances have been made in the design and characterization of molecular assemblies which, upon photoexcitation, undergo intramolecular electron or energy transfer.1 These reactions have typically been followed by transient electronic absorption spectroscopy. This technique, however, suffers from the disadvantage that absorption bands tend to be broad and featureless which can lead to ambiguous interpretation in complex assemblies, especially where there is more than one absorbing chromophore. Time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy has been applied to the study of excited states,2 but time-resolved infrared spectroscopy (TRIR) is particularly well-suited to probing complexes containing ligands such as CO or CN which are bound to the metal.3 Unlike the transient Raman experiment, TRIR does not rely on resonance enhancement in the excited state since the metal-CO and -CN stretching vibrations have large oscillator strength providing high sensitivity. We describe here a novel application of TRIR spectroscopy to the elucidation of intramolecular energy transfer in the ligand-bridged complex, [(phen)(CO)3ReI(NC)RuII(CN)(bpy)2]+ (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine),4 representing the first application of the technique to a process of this type.

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Malmir, Hessam, Naser Vosoughi, and Ehsan Zahedinejad. "Localization of a Noise Source in VVER-1000 Reactor Core Using Neutron Noise Analysis Methods." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29562.

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In this paper, localization of a noise source from limited neutron detectors sparsely distributed throughout the core of a typical VVER-1000 reactor is investigated. For this purpose, developing a 2-D neutron noise simulator for hexagonal geometries based on the 2-group diffusion approximation, the reactor dynamic transfer function is calculated. The box-scheme finite difference method is first developed for hexagonal geometries, to be used for spatial discretisation of both 2-D 2-group static and noise diffusion equations. The dynamic state is assumed in the frequency domain which leads to discarding of the time disrcetisation. The developed 2-D 2-group neutron noise simulator calculates both the discretised forward and the adjoint reactor transfer function between a point-like source and its induced neutron noise, by assuming the noise source as an absorber of variable strength type. Benchmarking of the mentioned neutron noise simulator revealed that it works satisfactorily. Finally, by using the inversion method of reconstruction, the location and values of a noise source of the type absorber of variable strength (or reactor oscillator) in VVER-1000 reactor cores are determined. Accuracy of this method is highly acceptable.

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Lee, Felix, Ashcon Navid, Ian McKinley, and Laurent Pilon. "A Novel Procedure for Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting Using Heat Conduction and the Olsen Cycle." In ASME 2012 Third International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2012-75155.

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Waste heat can be directly converted into electrical energy by performing the Olsen cycle on pyroelectric materials. The Olsen cycle consists of two isothermal and two iso-electric field processes in the displacement versus electric field diagram. This paper reports, for the first time, a procedure to implement the Olsen cycle by alternatively placing a pyroelectric material in thermal contact with a cold and a hot source. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer thin films with 60/40 VDF/TrFE mole fraction were used. A maximum energy density of 155 J/L per cycle was achieved at 0.066 Hz between 25 and 110°C and electric fields cycled between 200 and 350 kV/cm. This energy density was larger than that achieved by our previous prototypical device using oscillatory laminar convective heat transfer. However, it was lower than the energy density obtained in previous “dipping experiments” consisting of alternatively dipping the samples in cold and hot silicone oil baths. This was attributed to (1) the lower operating temperatures due to the slow thermal response achieved using heat conduction and (2) the smaller electric field spans imposed which was limited by the smaller dielectric strength of air. However, the proposed procedure can readily be implemented into devices.

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Li, Z., G. Nave, and J. Curry. "Measurement of oscillator strengths using FTS and synchrotron radiation." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fts.2003.fmd2.

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Ture Savadkoohi, Alireza, Stephane Pernot, and Claude Henri Lamarque. "Targeted Energy Transfer With Several NES in Parallel: Theory and Experiments." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86260.

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The crucial point in the field of seismic engineering is to diminish the induced vibration energy as much as possible in a fast and almost irreversible manner. Recently the concept of Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) has been developed such that the imposed energy to a linear single Degree of Freedom (DoF) substructure is transferred to one or series of strongly nonlinear light attachments; the mechanism is based on a 1:1 resonance capture. Nonlinear attachments can be designed to passively vibrate with any frequency; hence the system is efficient for both of transient and periodic excitations. Some drawbacks of these systems are as follows: they cannot kill the first peak of oscillation in the free time response that is linked to the energy activation of NES; moreover, the transformation of energy vanishes in time due to decrease of the strength of energy pumping. Using NES in series even cannot accelerate the phenomenon of energy pumping and some strange behavior due to the delay in the cooperation of NES in series is noticed. In this study, the transient dynamic behavior of multiple DoF systems with trees of parallel NES at each DoF is investigated, then experimental and numerical results of a four DoF structure with two parallel NES at the top floor are demonstrated and commented upon.

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Nave, Gillian, Zhigang Li, and Craig J. Sansonetti. "Atomic oscillator strengths in the vacuum ultraviolet using Fourier transform and grating spectroscopy." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fts.2005.ftub3.

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Siala, Firas F., Alexander D. Totpal, and James A. Liburdy. "Characterization of Vortex Dynamics in the Near Wake of an Oscillating Flexible Foil." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7806.

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An experimental study was conducted to explore the effect of surface flexibility at the leading and trailing edges on the near-wake flow dynamics of a sinusoidal heaving foil. Mid-span particle image velocimetry measurements were taken in a closed loop wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 25,000 and at a range of reduced frequencies (k = fc/U) from 0.09–0.20. Time resolved and phase locked measurements were used to describe the mean flow characteristics and phase averaged vortex structures and their evolution throughout the oscillation cycle. Large eddy scale decomposition and swirl strength analysis were used to quantify the effect of flexibility on the vortical structures. The results demonstrate that flexibility at the trailing edge has a minimal influence on the mean flow characteristics when compared to the purely rigid foil. The mean velocity deficit for the flexible trailing edge and rigid foils is shown to remain constant for all reduced frequencies tested. However, the trailing edge flexibility increases the swirl strength of the small scale structures, which results in enhanced cross stream dispersion of the mean velocity profile. Flexibility at the leading edge is shown to generate a large scale leading edge vortex for k ≥ 0.18. This results in a reduction in the swirl strength due to the complex vortex interactions when compared to the flexible trailing edge and rigid foils. Furthermore, it is shown that the large scale leading edge vortex is responsible for extracting a significant portion of the energy from the mean flow, resulting in a substantial reduction of mean flow momentum in the wake. The kinetic energy loss in the wake is shown to scale well with the energy content of the leading edge vortex.

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Greenhalgh, Douglas A., Mark C. Jermy, William G. Doherty, and Mazhur Hussain. "The Response of Fuel Injector Sprays to Acoustic Forcing." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58617.

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Combustion instabilities have impeded the development of lean burn low NOx gas turbine combustors. Acoustic waves in the combustor interact with the fuel/air mixing process to modulate the air-fuel ratio (AFR). The fluctuating AFR causes the heat release rate to fluctuate. If the Rayleigh criterion is obeyed the acoustic wave is amplified. The acoustic intensity may reduce the lifetime of the mechanical parts, due to vibration and increased heat transfer, or cause the operating noise levels to exceed regulatory limits. The fuel injector has an important role in the interaction of the acoustic field and the AFR. In rig tests, injectors of slightly different design can yield different noise levels in the same combustor. We have applied planer LIF and Mie imaging and Laser Sheet Dropsizing (LSD) to study the interaction of the fuel injector spray with an imposed acoustic disturbance in low cost non-combusting tests. The injector is run at pressures up to 7 bar in the Cranfield optical sprays rig. By careful scaling of the injector operating conditions the spray structure found in the rig can be made representative of that in the engine. An acoustic perturbation is imposed on the airflow. The spray field is probed with a dual LIF/Mie laser sheet imaging system. Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) images are calibrated to yield maps of AFR. The LIF and Mie images are ratioed and calibrated to produce maps of the Sauter Mean Diameter. Images are taken at several phases in the acoustic perturbation cycle. From these the oscillatory response of the spray to the acoustic perturbation is extracted. A transfer function describing the strength and phase of the response of AFR and SMD to the acoustic perturbation is extracted. Both AFR and SMD exhibit fluctuations which are coherent with the imposed acoustic oscillation. Comparison of the transfer functions to the results of combustion tests suggest that the spray measurements can predict which injectors are likely to encourage strong instability in the combustor.

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Reports on the topic "Transfer of oscillator strength"

1

Pandey, Lakshmi N., and Thomas F. George. Position Expectation Value and Oscillator Strength of a Biased Asymmetric Quantum Well. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229803.

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Norton, John D., Wendy E. Benson, Henry S. White, Bradford D. Pendley, and Hector D. Abruna. Voltammetric Measurement of Bimolecular Electron-Transfer Rates in Low Ionic Strength Solutions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229913.

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Zink, L. R. NO₂ Heterodyne frequency measurements with a tunable diode laser, a CO laser transfer oscillator, and CO₂ laser standards,. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.tn.1308.

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Francini and Quade. PR-218-08702-R01 Additional Validation the Remaining Strength of Corroded Casing to Additional Cases. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010715.

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This project is a follow up to the project titled "Effects of Tensile Loading on Remaining Strength of Corroded Casing." The objective is to test additional samples of corroded casing that will fail at typical storage well operating pressures and transfer the developed technology to MFL vendors for use in storage fields. A test matrix of 13 specimens was developed and tested. The test specimens consisted of natural corrosion and machined defects. Prior to testing: � the specimen material was characterized with tensile, Charpy V-notch, hardness, and chemical tests and � the test specimens were shipped to 2 MFL vendors for logging. The results of the testing and MFL characterization are summarized in this report.

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Howard, Isaac, Thomas Allard, Ashley Carey, Matthew Priddy, Alta Knizley, and Jameson Shannon. Development of CORPS-STIF 1.0 with application to ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40440.

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This report introduces the first release of CORPS-STIF (Concrete Observations Repository and Predictive Software – Structural and Thermodynamical Integrated Framework). CORPS-STIF is envisioned to be used as a tool to optimize material constituents and geometries of mass concrete placements specifically for ultra-high performance concretes (UHPCs). An observations repository (OR) containing results of 649 mechanical property tests and 10 thermodynamical tests were recorded to be used as inputs for current and future releases. A thermodynamical integrated framework (TIF) was developed where the heat transfer coefficient was a function of temperature and determined at each time step. A structural integrated framework (SIF) modeled strength development in cylinders that underwent isothermal curing. CORPS-STIF represents a step toward understanding and predicting strength gain of UHPC for full-scale structures and specifically in mass concrete.

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Totten, Annette, Dana M. Womack, Marian S. McDonagh, Cynthia Davis-O’Reilly, Jessica C. Griffin, Ian Blazina, Sara Grusing, and Nancy Elder. Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer254.

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Objectives. To assess the use, effectiveness, and implementation of telehealth-supported provider-to-provider communication and collaboration for the provision of healthcare services to rural populations and to inform a scientific workshop convened by the National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention on October 12–14, 2021. Data sources. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL. We searched for articles published from January 1, 2015, to October 12, 2021, to identify data on use of rural provider-to-provider telehealth (Key Question 1) and the same databases for articles published January 1, 2010, to October 12, 2021, for studies of effectiveness and implementation (Key Questions 2 and 3) and to identify methodological weaknesses in the research (Key Question 4). Additional sources were identified through reference lists, stakeholder suggestions, and responses to a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Our methods followed the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Methods Guide (available at https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/topics/cer-methods-guide/overview) and the PRISMA reporting guidelines. We used predefined criteria and dual review of abstracts and full-text articles to identify research results on (1) regional or national use, (2) effectiveness, (3) barriers and facilitators to implementation, and (4) methodological weakness in studies of provider-to-provider telehealth for rural populations. We assessed the risk of bias of the effectiveness studies using criteria specific to the different study designs and evaluated strength of evidence (SOE) for studies of similar telehealth interventions with similar outcomes. We categorized barriers and facilitators to implementation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and summarized methodological weaknesses of studies. Results. We included 166 studies reported in 179 publications. Studies on the degree of uptake of provider-to-provider telehealth were limited to specific clinical uses (pharmacy, psychiatry, emergency care, and stroke management) in seven studies using national or regional surveys and claims data. They reported variability across States and regions, but increasing uptake over time. Ninety-seven studies (20 trials and 77 observational studies) evaluated the effectiveness of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural settings, finding that there may be similar rates of transfers and lengths of stay with telehealth for inpatient consultations; similar mortality rates for remote intensive care unit care; similar clinical outcomes and transfer rates for neonates; improvements in medication adherence and treatment response in outpatient care for depression; improvements in some clinical monitoring measures for diabetes with endocrinology or pharmacy outpatient consultations; similar mortality or time to treatment when used to support emergency assessment and management of stroke, heart attack, or chest pain at rural hospitals; and similar rates of appropriate versus inappropriate transfers of critical care and trauma patients with specialist telehealth consultations for rural emergency departments (SOE: low). Studies of telehealth for education and mentoring of rural healthcare providers may result in intended changes in provider behavior and increases in provider knowledge, confidence, and self-efficacy (SOE: low). Patient outcomes were not frequently reported for telehealth provider education, but two studies reported improvement (SOE: low). Evidence for telehealth interventions for other clinical uses and outcomes was insufficient. We identified 67 program evaluations and qualitative studies that identified barriers and facilitators to rural provider-to-provider telehealth. Success was linked to well-functioning technology; sufficient resources, including time, staff, leadership, and equipment; and adequate payment or reimbursement. Some considerations may be unique to implementation of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural areas. These include the need for consultants to better understand the rural context; regional initiatives that pool resources among rural organizations that may not be able to support telehealth individually; and programs that can support care for infrequent as well as frequent clinical situations in rural practices. An assessment of methodological weaknesses found that studies were limited by less rigorous study designs, small sample sizes, and lack of analyses that address risks for bias. A key weakness was that studies did not assess or attempt to adjust for the risk that temporal changes may impact the results in studies that compared outcomes before and after telehealth implementation. Conclusions. While the evidence base is limited, what is available suggests that telehealth supporting provider-to-provider communications and collaboration may be beneficial. Telehealth studies report better patient outcomes in some clinical scenarios (e.g., outpatient care for depression or diabetes, education/mentoring) where telehealth interventions increase access to expertise and high-quality care. In other applications (e.g., inpatient care, emergency care), telehealth results in patient outcomes that are similar to usual care, which may be interpreted as a benefit when the purpose of telehealth is to make equivalent services available locally to rural residents. Most barriers to implementation are common to practice change efforts. Methodological weaknesses stem from weaker study designs, such as before-after studies, and small numbers of participants. The rapid increase in the use of telehealth in response to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is likely to produce more data and offer opportunities for more rigorous studies.

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POST-FIRE BEHAVIOR OF CROSS-SHAPED STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS: SIMULATION AND ANALYTICAL EXPRESSIONS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.2.9.

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In order to explore the behavior of cross-shaped steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns after fire, the heat transfer analysis model and structural analysis model were established by ABAQUS software. The simulation results of the cross-shaped column were compared with the existing test results, in the aspect of the temperature distribution, time-temperature curve, failure mode, and load-displacement relationship after fire exposure. The results show that the simulation results agree well with the experimental results. The influence of critical parameters on residual bearing capacity coefficient k was discussed, which including constant heating duration, maximum heating temperature, concrete strength, yield strength of section steel, yield strength of rebars, limb thickness, effective column length, rebar diameter, and steel content. Finally, a simplified formula was proposed to calculate the residual bearing capacity of cross-shaped SRC columns after fire.

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FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION FOR ULTRA-HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE-FILLED DOUBLE-SKIN TUBES EXPOSED TO FIRE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.263.

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Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) or ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC) are alternatively used to reduce construction materials, thereby achieving more sustainable constructions. Moreover, engaging the advantages of concrete cores and outer steel tubes in concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) or ductile concrete-filled double-skin tubes (CFDST) is of great interest for the better performance of such members under fire. Nevertheless, current design provisions do not provide design models for UHPC-filled double-skin tubes under fire, and existing finite-element (FE) methodologies available in the literature may not accurately simulate the behaviour of CFDST exposed to fire. Therefore, this paper develops a comprehensive FE protocol implementing the scripting technique to model CFDST members for heat transfer and coupled (simultaneously or sequentially) thermal-stress analyses. Various modelling parameters incorporated in the proposed FE routine include the cross-sectional geometry (circular, elliptical, hexagonal, octagonal, and rectangular), the size (width, diameter, and wall thickness), interactions, meshing, thermal- and mechanical-material properties, and boundary conditions. The detailed algorithm for heat transfer analysis is presented and elaborated via a flow chart. Validations, verifications, and robustness of the developed FE models are established based on extensive comparison studies with existing fire tests available in the literature. As a result, and to recognize the value of the current FE methodology, an extensive parametric study is conducted for different affecting parameters (e.g., nominal steel ratio, hollowness ratio, concrete cylindrical strength, yield strength of metal tubes, and width-to-thickness ratio). Extensive FE results are used for optimizing the fire design of such members. Consequently, a simplified and accurate analytical model that can provide the axial load capacity of CFDST columns under different fire ratings is presented

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ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF AXIALLY LOADED SQUARE CFST COLUMN TO RC BEAM JOINTS STIFFENED BY DIAGONAL RIBS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.1.6.

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This work proposes a partially through-beam joint system to connect square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns and reinforced concrete (RC) beams. In the system, the holes in the steel tube allow longitudinal beam reinforcements to be continuous through the joint zone to achieve direct load-transfer of the beam, and the square steel tube with holes is strengthened by welding diagonal ribs located at the corners of the steel tube. Finite element (FE) analyses on joints with RC beams were carried out based on verified models. The analysis results showed that diagonal ribs welded to the joint tube confined the concrete in the joint zone efficiently and made up for the reduction in axial load capacity caused by the holes of the steel tube, so the joint system can meet the requirements of strong-joint weak-component under axial compression with ease. Finally, mechanics-based models and axial strength equations of joints were proposed, and the predicted results agreed well with the FE results. These results proved that the square CFST column to RC beam joints stiffened by diagonal ribs were feasible and can be applied in engineering practice based on reasonable design.

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SIMPLIFIED MODELLING OF NOVEL NON-WELDED JOINTS FOR MODULAR STEEL BUILDINGS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2021.17.4.10.

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Abstract:

Prefabricated modular steel (PFMS) construction is a more efficient and safe method of constructing a high-quality building with less waste material and labour dependency than traditional steel construction. It is indeed critical to have a precise and valuable intermodular joining system that allows for efficient load transfer, safe handling, and optimal use of modular units' strength. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop joints using tension bolts and solid tenons welded into the gusset plate (GP). These joints ensured rigid and secure connectivity in both horizontal and vertical directions for the modular units. Using the three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis software ABAQUS, the study investigated the nonlinear lateral structural performance of the joint and two-storey modular steel building (MSB). The solid element FE models of joints were then simplified by introducing connectors and beam elements to enhance computational efficiency. Numerous parameters indicated that column tenons were important in determining the joint's structural performance. Moreover, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.025, the developed connectors and beam element models accurately predicted the structural behaviour of the joints. As a result of their simplification, these joints demonstrated effective load distribution, seismic performance, and ductility while reducing computational time, effort, and complexity. The validity of the FE analysis was then determined by comparing the results to the thirteen joint bending tests performed in the reference.

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