Academic literature on the topic 'TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI'
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Journal articles on the topic "TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI"
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Brubaker, Rogers, and Jaeeun Kim. "Transborder Membership Politics in Germany and Korea." European Journal of Sociology 52, no. 1 (April 2011): 21–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975611000026.
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AbstractThis paper examines changing German and Korean policies towards transborder coethnics (Germans in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, and Koreans in Japan and China) during the high Cold War and post-Cold War eras. The paper contributes to the emerging literature on transborder forms of membership and belonging by highlighting and explaining the selective, variable, contingent, contested, and revocable nature of states’ embrace of transborder coethnics. The explanation highlights the relationship of transborder populations to predecessor polities; changing geopolitical contexts and domestic political conjunctures; the constitutive, group-making – and group-unmaking – power of state categorization practices; and the enduring institutional legacies and unintended consequences of such practices.
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Moohan, Gisela, Elizabeth Morton, Sally Rimmer, Giulio Romano, and Paul F. Burton. "Transborder Data Flow: A Review of Issues and Policies." Library Review 37, no. 3 (March 1988): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb012863.
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Martin, Lisa L. "Xinyuan Dai, International Institutions and National Policies." Review of International Organizations 3, no. 2 (May 3, 2008): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11558-008-9037-2.
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Faleye, Olukayode A. "Border Securitisation and Politics of State Policy in Nigeria, 2014–2017." Insight on Africa 11, no. 1 (November 22, 2018): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975087818805887.
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This article examines the politics of public policies characterised by increased securitisation of Nigeria’s national boundary from 2014 to 2017. While the regulation appears on paper to discourage transborder crime, capital outflow and sustain a favourable balance of payment, the existing armoury of West African border literature argues otherwise. What is new in the transborder dynamics of West Africa? What informs government’s border policies in Nigeria? In answering these questions, this study provides a template for a reassessment of the gap between borderlands theory and policy in West Africa. The approach is comparative based on the critical analysis of oral interviews, government trade records, newspaper reports and the extant literature. The article provides a platform for rethinking of the nexus between governance and development in West Africa from the securitisation and neo-patrimonial perspectives. It concludes that effective border management in Nigeria is set aback by misguided and dysfunctional elitist-centred regulations that are devoid of the realities on the ground.
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Fu, Tao. "China’s personal information protection in a data-driven economy: A privacy policy study of Alibaba, Baidu and Tencent." Global Media and Communication 15, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742766519846644.
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By examining the privacy policies of leading Chinese Internet and information service providers (IISPs), this study found their privacy policies to be generally compliant with China’s personal information protection provisions. These IISPs use proper mechanisms showing their commitment, measures and enforcement to data security, but their Fair Information Practices need improvement. Personal information protection in China is severe. Privacy policies offer more ‘notice’ than they do ‘choice’. Chinese IISPs collect and use information extensively in the guise of providing value to users, but have given insufficient consideration to transborder data flows and change of ownership. Societal and technological mechanisms have not been widely sought.
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Peplow, Daniel, and Sarah Augustine. "The Submissive Relationship of Public Health to Government, Politics, and Economics: How Global Health Diplomacy and Engaged Followership Compromise Humanitarian Relief." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 22, 2020): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041420.
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This paper describes efforts by public health practitioners to address a health crisis caused by economic development policies that are unrestrained by either environmental, public health, or human rights mandates. Economic development projects funded by international funding institutions like the Inter-American Development Bank that reduce poverty when measured in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana harm minority populations where commercial activities destroy, alter, and remove the resources upon which local communities depend. In this study, the structural causes of a community health crisis affecting Indigenous people in the transborder region between Suriname and French Guiana was addressed by seeking gatekeepers in government who have access to policy-making processes. We found that deeply rooted economic development policies structured social, economic, and political alliances and made them resistant to feedback and reform. We concluded that work must be focused beyond the simple exchange of public health information. Public health practitioners must become politically active to create new policy commitments and new patterns of governance that advance development as well as improve health outcomes. Failure to do so may result in public health practitioners becoming ‘engaged followers’ that are complicit in the inhumanity that springs from their acquiescence to the authority of government officials when their policies are the cause of preventable death, disease, and disability.
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Muppavarapu, Vineela, and Soon M. Chung. "Semantic-Based Access Control for Data Resources in Open Grid Services Architecture." International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 6, no. 2 (April 2014): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2014040101.
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This paper proposes a semantic-based access control system for the data resources in the Open Grid Services Architecture - Data Access and Integration (OGSA-DAI). OGSA-DAI is a widely used middleware for integrating data resources in Grids. However, the identity-based access control in OGSA-DAI causes substantial overhead for the resource providers in virtual organizations (VOs), because the access control information of individual users has to be maintained by each resource provider. To solve these problems, the authors propose a semantic-based access control system using Shibboleth and ontology. Shibboleth, an attribute authorization service, is used to manage the user attributes, and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) is used to represent the ontology of the data resources and users. By using ontology, VOs can resolve the differences in their terminologies and specify access control policies based on concepts and user roles, instead of individual resources and user identities. As a result, the administration overhead of the resource providers is reduced considerably. In addition, the eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is used to specify the access control policies uniformly across multiple VOs. The authors also developed an XACML policy administration tool that allows the administrators to create, update, and manage XACML policies. The performance analysis shows that our proposed system adds only a small overhead to the existing security mechanism of OGSA-DAI.
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Borchert, Thomas. "Belt-and-Road Buddhists." Review of Religion and Chinese Society 7, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 92–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00701005.
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Although religious institutions and communities have grown significantly in China since the early 1980s, the recent past has seen difficult conditions for the practice of religion, with increased surveillance and oppressive acts by the Chinese government. Changes to government policies and priorities make it difficult to generalize about the conditions of religious practice over the course of the Reform period. This paper examines the monastic institutions of the Dai-lue people of Sipsongpannā (Xishuangbanna 西双版纳) in Yunnan province. The Dai-lue are a minority group that practices Theravada Buddhism. Their religious institutions have expanded significantly in the last four decades, but they have done so in the midst of radical change in the economic and governing structures of the region. The paper looks at this development both across the forty years of the Reform era, and in the context of a promotion and international conference sponsored by the sangha of Sipsongpannā. I argue that the changes to the monastic institutions of the Dai-lue need to be seen in light of changes to “religion-making from above,” the policies, rules, and structures that the Chinese state establishes to manage religious communities, as well as “religion-making from below,” the responses of the Dai-lue to these changes.
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Yang, Jianlin, and Nannaphat Saenghong. "The Politics of Preferential Policy in an Ethnically Diverse School." 14th GCBSS Proceeding 2022 14, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2022.2(37).
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China, a country with a significant number of ethnic groups, has established a form of multiculturalism known as "preferential policy" to foster social cohesion between a dominant ethnic group and minority ethnic groups and to reduce social and economic disparities. In addition, preferential policies have been integrated into educational policy and practice. This led to the development of a school curriculum based on ethnicity. Through the lens of critical pedagogy, this paper examines the Dai language curriculum implemented in an ethnically and linguistically diverse school located in Yunnan. The data was collected through conducting in-depth interviews with the school's principal, teachers, and students and observing teaching sessions without participation. An examination found that ethnic Dai pupils were taught language, history, cultures, and Dai values by a Dai school teacher who is the school principal. This has enormous ramifications for Dai students' identity preservation. Yet, when the multicultural curriculum focuses exclusively on the Dai ethnic group despite the presence of other ethnic groups in the school, it contradicts the tenets of multiculturalism and perpetuates educational disparity based on ethnic identity. Keywords: Multicultural Education; Critical Pedagogy; Education Equity; China
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Niño-Mora, José. "Multi-Gear Bandits, Partial Conservation Laws, and Indexability." Mathematics 10, no. 14 (July 18, 2022): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10142497.
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This paper considers what we propose to call multi-gear bandits, which are Markov decision processes modeling a generic dynamic and stochastic project fueled by a single resource and which admit multiple actions representing gears of operation naturally ordered by their increasing resource consumption. The optimal operation of a multi-gear bandit aims to strike a balance between project performance costs or rewards and resource usage costs, which depend on the resource price. A computationally convenient and intuitive optimal solution is available when such a model is indexable, meaning that its optimal policies are characterized by a dynamic allocation index (DAI), a function of state–action pairs representing critical resource prices. Motivated by the lack of general indexability conditions and efficient index-computing schemes, and focusing on the infinite-horizon finite-state and -action discounted case, we present a verification theorem ensuring that, if a model satisfies two proposed PCL-indexability conditions with respect to a postulated family of structured policies, then it is indexable and such policies are optimal, with its DAI being given by a marginal productivity index computed by a downshift adaptive-greedy algorithm in AN steps, with A+1 actions and N states. The DAI is further used as the basis of a new index policy for the multi-armed multi-gear bandit problem.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI"
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Kasneci, Dede. "Data protection law: recent developments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3578.
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2008/2009Privacy and data protection concern everyone and are issue of profound importance around the World. Privacy has been hailed as “an integral part of our humanity” the “hart of our liberty” and “the beginning of all freedoms” (Solove, 2008). Given its importance, privacy is recognized as a fundamental human right according to many International Instruments such as: the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 (Article 12), International Covenant on the Civil and Political Rights (Article 17) The European Convention of Human Rights of 1950 (Article 8), the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 2007 (Article 8) and the Treaty of Lisbon of 2008 (Article 16 of the TFEU). However, beyond this worldwide consensus about the importance of privacy and the need for its protection, there is difficulty to conceptualize the privacy. Privacy is a contested legal concept, with several understandings and more misunderstandings. Privacy is actually shorthand for a complex bundle of issues, ranging from dignity to discrimination, and rooted in our need to control what we tell others about ourselves. The main difficulty to reach a satisfying conceptualization of the privacy is that there are some eternal privacy tensions, namely, the interests protected by privacy and data protection laws are inherently in conflict with other legitimate interests such as the freedom of speech, public security and the free flow of information. While, it is impossible to belong to a community and withhold all data, the collection and the processing of our data carry with it many risks and dangers. One such risk is that the data will be abused by those who access it, either by authorization or not. Data which was consensually provided for one purpose might be used against us in a different context. Other privacy tensions are driven by technology which gave rise to the emergence of the data protection law: the falling cost of data storage and communication makes it easier for merchants and governments to collect more data on people and thus to become more efficient to violate the privacy. The development of the Computer technology in the 1960’s and 1970’s and the enormous potential of the digital revolution made the civil libertarians worry. The nightmare of all-seeing, all-knowing “Big Brother” of George Orwell’s “1984” did not belong anymore to the realm of the fiction, but was a reality. And as the enormous potential of the digital revolution became more apparent and together with it the dangers posed to privacy, so the calls for the specific measures to protect individuals became louder. The data protection rules originally developed, at national level in the 1970s, as a response to the threats posed to the privacy by the technological developments of the 1960s and 1970s. It emerged as a new legal field, separate from the privacy law but dependent upon it. The task of the personal data law is to provide a legal framework which is capable of reconciling the needs and interests of those who make use of personal data (data controllers or data processors) with those of persons to whom these data relate (data subjects). Europe has proven to be the leader in protecting privacy and personal data of the individuals in the digital age. At the EU level, the first legal instrument in this field was Data Protection Directive, which was passed in 1995 to harmonize national data protection laws within the European Community, with the aim of protecting the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals including their privacy and personal data. After 15 years the question is whether the Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC fit the objectives for which it was adopted in 1995. The European Commission considers that the Directive 95/46/EC fulfils its original objectives and therefore does not need to be amended. This thesis questions this static approach of the European Commission to the data protection regime and argues that the increasing pressure on privacy due to the development of privacy destroying technologies and the growing use of and demand for personal information by public and private sectors, requires quick legal answer and constant change of the data protection legislation. The research carried out for this thesis shows that, over time the social and regulatory environment surrounding the creation, management and the use of personal data has evolved significantly since the adoption of the Directive 95/46/EC. The Directive is showing its age and is failing to meet the new challenges posed to privacy by factors such as the huge growth of personal information on line and the growing availability and ability of the new technologies to process, use and abuse personal information in many ways. These factors have challenged the means and the methods used by Directive to protect personal data and have altered the environment for the implementation of the Directive. Thus, it is clear that the context in which the data protection Directive was created has been changed fundamentally and certain basic assumptions of the Directive have already been challenged in approach, in law and in practice. All these factors show that the Directive is out of touch to meet the technological, social and legal challenges of 21st century and therefore need to be reviewed and amended.
XXI Ciclo
1975
2
Mulita, Reis. "Pan European Corridors of Transport Infrastructure-Driving Sustainable Developments and Partnerships towards a well-being society." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3111.
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2007/2008Scenarios of the future European Union suggest that Europe will be part of a more globalised world economy, and will build even stronger relationships among neighbouring countries. It will have dense urban areas and a mutated climate. People’s lives will be transformed by breakthroughs in energy, transport and communication technologies. The transport sector in these forecasts will have to satisfy a greater demand for mobility. At the same time it will have to find solutions in order address its negative externalities, which affect the environment, the economy and the society. The Trans European Network of Transport (TEN-T) and the Pan-European Transport Corridors are defined as key instruments in order to achieve the economic growth and social integration within the EU political map. They are of a crucial importance when implementing EU enlargement policies towards neighbouring countries. The networks of transport and communication will further develop relations with EU neighbouring countries and will assist them in achieving most advanced standards. Corridor Eight is one of the ten “Pan European Corridors of Transport”, based on the trace of an antic roman corridor, “La Via Egnatia” (Fasolo. M. 2003). When taking in consideration the to date reports of the civil works, services, and the main operating indicators of the Corridor Eight as a part of Pan European Transport Corridors, the following may be observed: Corridor Eight it is not yet operational in all modes of transport and services along all its length and area. There are no railway links in different parts of it, while there is not high operational performance of the existing roads and highways. Consequently it does not fulfil its mission to enhance the movement of people, goods, information and experiences in all forms of transport from Adriatic and Ion Seas in the Mediterranean Sea to the Black Sea. It does not therefore link societies, natural resources and economies between two peninsulas and Euro-Asian region. Corridor Eight does not offer the necessary capacity and contemporary standards to afford flows of traffic for people, horizontal and vertical signallers, emergency situations and electricity black out situations, while there are not alternative electricity resources along its segments of roads, railways, seaports, etc. There are not clear demonstrations to satisfy a safe, secure, and healthy transport services along the area. Taking in consideration, • the conclusion that corridors of transport as spatial planed parts of the territory are confirmed to be effective tools for development and social integration between countries ; • the fact that international transport infrastructure realities are demonstrating to be competitive and complementary and of high standard service ; • that up to now regional and geopolitical realities has not been in favour of the Balkans; • that the future transport will be based on achieving goals of being clean, safe, secure, healthy and cost effective ; • that the society of countries along Corridor are clearly defined towards EU integration, and that being part of EU means obligation and standards must be achieved; • that in a near future Albania, FYROM (Macedonia) will be part of EU political map: The following research questions are addressed in the study: – Could countries like Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria, develop sustainable transport along corridors of transport and their networks in order to be more competitive and complementary one among TEN –T and Pan-European Transport Corridors and areas? – What policies should be pursued and what strategies should be drawn while building corridors of transport infrastructure as a functional part of TEN-T and Pan-European transport corridors networks. How can those countries offer a comfortable, safe, healthy, secure transport to EU citizens as well as a multitude of choices in means of transport along Corridor Eight countries? – What partnerships must be raised to face the challenge of sustainable corridors of transport? – What policy should be pursued to turn corridors of transport into corridors of social integration and economic growth? – Could we, and which are the instruments to build a state of wellbeing along the corridors of infrastructure, beyond the political, natural, ethnic, religious and cultural borders, aiming towards walking local, achieving global ! The theory and conceptual approach to the transportation corridors will be presented by this study, to highlight social and economical benefits of transport activity as well as the consequences coming of it and regarding human activity, environment, bio natural diversities and global warming along corridors area. The presentation of the status of both: the Transnational European Network of Transport (TEN-T), as well as that of the Pan European Corridors of Transport in regard to the future sustainable policies and guidelines of the European Commission is one of prior objectives of this study. Consequently the research objective is to present the realities along Corridor Eight areas in relation to sustainable indicators. Finally, this study will endeavour to feature the best performing experiences and attempt to suggest the most beneficial solutions towards sustainable development in the societies along the countries of Corridor Eight.
XXI Ciclo
1961
3
Veisllari, Nalton. "L'Unione Europea e l'Euroregione Adriatica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8630.
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2011/2012La tesi percorre la nascita dell'unione europea e il suo sviluppo fino al giorno d'oggi. Le sue istituzioni, norme, trattati e infine la nascita del nuovo soggetto di politica transfrontaliera, l'euroregione.
XXV Ciclo
1980
4
Alessio, Angela. "The impact of migrations on ethnically connoted areas: a case study." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8603.
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2011/2012Taipana is a 699 inhabitants village located in the Eastern Julian Pre-Alps. It is inhabited by a linguistic minority, whose survival is endangered by the ageing of its population and the abandon of the young and productive age group. The municipal administration is actively fighting the threatened disappearance of its population. While usually administrations take note of migration flows only when they arrived so far that they cannot be ignored anymore, the municipal administration of Taipana has decided to encourage migration to its territory, in order to stop its possible complete abandon. Through a housing policy of low cost rents and houses for sale, and thanks to a consolidated network of human relations, young families from other countries are thus attracted to settle here. Taipana is usually not their first stop in Italy. Many of them speak Italian. In Taipana they buy houses and open enterprises. Their children go to school there. At the moment, the school children community seems to be the best result of the repopulation policy: it is, in fact, a united group of young persons, all of them conscious and proud of their diversity. Their adult relatives seem to be more resistant to any kind of grouping. Old and new inhabitants apparently ignore each other and lead separated lives. If deeper investigated, a number of personal relations have grown between neighbours, colleagues, citizens. But none dares yet feeling the member of a new and original kind of community.
XXV Ciclo
1973
5
Licul, Mauricio. "Analysis of the renewable energy sources perspectives in the state of Croatia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10082.
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2012/2013The whole Europe is dependent on the import of energy in various forms . Given that Europe has no longer its raw materials in large quantities and had to turn to new technologies in order to produce the required amount of energy needed. There is the similar situation also in Croatia , which has recently become a full member of the European Union . This paper attempts to critically analyze the current situation in the energy sector . The thesis is oriented on the identification of the problems , barriers and reasons regarding the usage of certain types of technology , and why the implementation of this technologies are not differently organized and developed in the Republic of Croatia. The thasis also analyzes the objectives of the energy development strategy , the legal framework of implementation of renewable energy sources , the problem faced by renewables in their implementation and other segments that are associated with sustainable energy ig general. In the thesis also some themes regarding subsidizing energy production are analysed , therefore the thesis also tried to evoke the auto balance between subsidizing conventional forms of energy production and minor state subsidies for new renewable forms of energy . After each chapter the conclusions are drawn from various sub-segments , Thru the questionnaire different direct opinion and conclusions from society was analysed considering those same energy topics. The survey was conducted on a total of 617 respondents from seven different cities on the Croatian territory . The idea was to compare the results obtained from the survey with logically conclusions and argumentation that emerged from the analysis of the documents and statistical data from the previous practice in the energy sector in Croatia . The paper accented suggestions and ideas for distributed implementations of the smale scale sources with most emphasis on the fotovoltaic tecnology . Proposal for smaller sources is justified and argumented in the thesis by technical and economic elements , and the thesis tried to explain and argument the viability of this proposal. In the circles that follow the development of the energy sector in Croatia , some facts about the barriers and possible improvements in the restructure of the renewable implementation plan is generally familiar. In this study it is mostly accented the fact that a small distributed renewable sources are ideal for the current energy situation in Croatia and therefore should be taken more into consideration for futher development of the renewable sector. Small sources are interesting for several reasons, among others , because they were easily accessible to ordinary households , and therefore it encourages employment at the local level . From a technical perspective , it is easiest to implement in existing power system and do not affect negatively the distribution network like large solution of from the renewable energy element portfolio. The paper discusses also the financing and promoting of renewable energy sources and on their promotion by the state . There are known conclusions and around predominantly already known general knowledge and practical problems around the implementation of certain renewable energy technologies and all these conclusions are compared with respondents' opinion on various issues . This work led to thinking that the problems regarding the implementation of renewable energy sources are present . For each of these problems are known causes and consequences , however the intention was to compare the perceptions and the actual amount of knowledge that society has on the actual elements and variables that actually affect the development of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Croatia . But also the intention was to see how certain social and economic elements affecting the same perception and how the respondents actually know the real energy picture in the state of Croatia .
XXV Ciclo
1979
6
Signorini, Virginia. "Abitanti di uno spazio incerto. Pratiche e paradossi in una etnografia tra rifugiati, operatori e diritti sociali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10086.
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2012/2013Questa indagine propone una lettura del sistema- rifugio italiano partendo dal paradosso della inclassificabilità del rifugiato, non più cittadino del proprio Paese di origine e non ancora cittadino del Paese di approdo, focalizzandosi su quello spazio liminale – a cavallo tra lo status di rifugiato e lo status di cittadino – in cui prendono vita le pratiche quotidiane tipiche del contesto del rifugio. Una componente del contesto italiano è la precarietà del confine tra protezione e abbandono che si rispecchia nella instabile possibilità di inserimento nei progetti nati per svolgere a vario titolo azioni di facilitazione nell'accesso ai diritti sociali dei rifugiati. Sono molti i rifugiati che nonostante l'esistenza di tali progetti si trovano in molti casi costretti a vivere in contesti marginali. Le categorie della cittadinanza e del rifugio non sono qui considerate come sole categorie giuridiche, ma come processi attraverso cui l'individuo si relaziona con il proprio sé e con i soggetti che incontra, e a seconda dell'ambito di potere in cui si trova. Tramite l'osservazione e la raccolta di testimonianze di chi quotidianamente si muove lungo la linea immaginaria che collega il mondo dei progetti a quello dei potenziali ospiti, questo lavoro di ricerca permette una rilettura del sistema rifugio ponendo in rilievo le sue contraddizioni nell'ambito delle relazioni tra la dimensione del terzo settore e delle istituzioni, tra le politiche e le pratiche afferenti a tali dimensioni e quotidianamente messe in atto nella relazione tra gli operatori e i rifugiati “dentro ai progetti” e nelle quotidianità al di “fuori dei progetti”. La lente attraverso cui si è scelto di procedere in questa osservazione, nella specifica esperienza della Toscana, è quella dei percorsi di accesso al diritto all'accoglienza e alla salute nel passaggio dalla loro titolarità alla effettiva esigibilità. Particolare attenzione è rivolta alle dinamiche che riguardano quelle persone rifugiate che appartengono alle cosiddette “categorie vulnerabili”. Il lavoro si interroga su quale sia e quale dovrebbe essere il ruolo dei progetti, e di chi vi opera all'interno, nell'accesso ai diritti dei rifugiati in generale e in particolare di quei rifugiati considerati in una condizione di prioritaria necessità di inserimento in percorsi di supporto nell'accesso ai propri diritti. In particolare, la ricerca viene a verificare se nel corso degli ultimi venti anni di esperienze nell'ambito del rifugio, in cui le “emergenze” si sono avvicendate all'ideazione di esperienze ad hoc e a momenti di riflessione sulle problematicità del processo, si sia effettivamente venuta a creare una “cultura del rifugio” a livello nazionale, che nella sua ipotetica coerenza interna risponda in maniera adeguata alle richieste del contesto
XXV Ciclo
1979
7
Skalamera, Morena. "Energy Interdependencies between the EU and Russia: Anything but Institutions?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8626.
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2011/2012This dissertation offers a thorough analysis of European-Russian energy cooperation. It sheds light on the question: why is there a lack of binding institutionalization of the EU-Russia energy relationship despite the high degree of interdependence between the two sides? It is primarily focused on identifying the main actors on both sides of the relationship. This allows us to understand whether there are causal implications between the interest formation and the lobbying power of the crucial actors on the one hand, and the lack of binding governance structures in the EU-Russia energy cooperation on the other. It speaks to the body of literature examining the failure to cooperate in situations of high economic interdependence. Questions such as do multilateral agreements really matter to the main actors on both sides of the EU-Russian energy relationship form the core of this dissertation. My study differs from dominant liberal and constructivist interpretationsin that it links in a comprehensive way the influence of the main actors (i.e. the big gas companies) and the lack of binding governance structures regulating the relationship. Hence, unlike other analyses it finds that the central influence of the industrial gas lobby on decision-making processes is the direct cause of the lack of binding governance structures. It is therefore an alternative to studies that either conceptualize the institutional deadlock as a consequence of structural deficiencies on both sides, or as an outcome of a normative clash. In contrast, I point to the primacy of the private sector and I argue that the influence and the behavior of strategic corporate actors is key to understanding the deadlock. A crucial focus lies on the current paradigm changes in the European gas pricing systems, which widen the already high interest gap between the two blocs. Although being theoretically grounded in the realist tradition, in focusing on the large potential of cross-border cooperation this dissertation employs an innovative and complementary perspective. I investigate various angles on different levels of the complex interdependent relationship, such as the sub-regional level. Yet, the most distinctive feature of this work is the emphasis on the dynamic causal pathways between the influence of the strategic corporate actors and the weakness of governance patterns in the EU-Russia energy relationship. I show how the corporate sector’s pressures on both sides of the relationship ultimately shape and predetermine the configuration of EU-Russia energy governance structures. While evidence about the centrality of the corporate sector strengthens the conclusions of a growing body of research, this study provides an original causal explanation that links the interests of the big energy firms and their reluctance to be locked-into binding governance structures, with the energy governance deadlock. My propositions are tested empirically through an array of qualitative methods (interviews, case studies, analysis of legal and policy documents). I believe that my findings will contribute to the debate on energy relations between the EU and Russia, and help improve our understanding of the role of the corporate sector in relation to weak governance structures.
XXV Ciclo
1984
8
Lisma, Mariangela. "L’immigrazione femminile in Italia tra paese di accoglienza e di origine: welfare, co-sviluppo e questioni sociali a cavallo tra due mondi. Le badanti rumene in Italia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/8616.
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2011/2012Titolo: “L’immigrazione femminile in Italia tra paese di accoglienza e di origine: welfare, co-sviluppo e questioni sociali a cavallo tra due mondi. Le badanti rumene in Italia” Caso : Caratteristiche e strategie delle badanti rumene in Italia in rapporto allo sviluppo nel paese d’ origine e in quello di arrivo. Tema : Migrazione di genere, lavoro di cura, rimesse, co-welfare, transnazionalismo, welfare transnazionale, reti migratorie. Constatazione : Le migranti rumene mirano al benessere ed ad uno standard di vita più elevato per i familiari da loro dipendenti che rimangono in patria attraverso l’ invio di rimesse e sfruttando il differenziale salariale. Per raggiungere tale obiettivo si spostano in uno spazio circolare transnazionale, sfruttando risorse comunitarie e nuovi dispositivi legati alla migrazione, creando sviluppo nel loro paese di origine e sopperendo a gap strutturali (carenza di welfare istituzionale) in quello di arrivo. Domanda di partenza: con quali modalità e in che misura le donne migranti rumene (lavoratrici di cura) sono portatrici, attraverso l’ attivazione di strategie migratorie, di istanze di sviluppo nei paesi di origine e di arrivo? Direzione : Famiglie transnazionali, specializzazione etnica del lavoro di cura, rimesse, transnazionalismo, welfare familistico. Dominio : Sociologia delle relazioni interetniche, Sociologia delle migrazioni, Welfare state policies, EU social policy, Social psychology of intergroup relations. Il tema della ricerca riguarda le donne rumene immigrate in Italia che lavorano nel settore della cura come badanti. La ricerca è stata svolta in Sicilia, in Provincia di Trapani. Tali donne hanno, generalmente, lasciato la famiglia in patria a cui inviano i guadagnati percepiti e vivono in co-residenza con gli anziani che accudiscono. Per tamponare la mancanza della famiglia creano delle reti informali che fungono come motore di ricerca del lavoro e come gruppo di mutuo aiuto. La metodologia impiegata è quella propria della ricerca sociologica e si è articolata in più fasi. La scelta del target e del contesto di installazione non è casuale: quella delle badanti rumene è una realtà in rapidissima espansione a causa della sempre maggior richiesta di lavoratori di cura a basso costo, alla carenza di strutture pubbliche in grado di accogliere il numero crescente di anziani non auto-sufficienti e ai costi proibitivi delle strutture private e dell’ assistenza domiciliare autoctona (quando disponibile). La diffusione delle badanti si lega da un lato alla centralità che ancora ricopre la famiglia in Italia come luogo di tutela e protezione e come canale di mediazione sociale, e dall’ altro ad un welfare che ha delegato alle donne della famiglia la soddisfazione dei bisogni connessi alla riproduzione quotidiana. Il ricorso massiccio a un mercato della cura straniero flessibile, a prezzi contenuti e apparentemente illimitato, sembra la chiave per conservare il tradizionale welfare familista, tipico dei regimi mediterranei. L’impiego di donne immigrate come collaboratrici familiari e aiutanti domiciliari viene visto allora come una risorsa per puntellare le difficoltà sempre più evidenti delle famiglie (e delle donne sposate italiane) nel reggere carichi domestici e assistenziali crescenti. Il modello italiano di welfare risulta insostenibile alla luce delle proiezioni demografiche, e risolvendosi in assunzione di un’assistente familiare al nero legittima il welfare sommerso e parallelo. Alle badanti si richiede spesso un notevole investimento emotivo nel lavoro con l'anziano senza considerare invece la loro difficoltà a gestire a distanza il rapporto con la loro famiglia e i loro figli. Il carico di lavoro troppo pesante dopo anni può condurle ad uno stato depressivo e di disorientamento. I figli, lasciati nel paese di origine, sono affidati a “figure sostitutive” quali nonne, sorelle, vicini, meno spesso sono i padri che se ne prendono cura. Le madri, pur vivendo in paesi diversi da quelli dei figli, cercano di tenere vivi da lontano i contatti e la partecipazione alle vicende e alle scelte familiari e adottano strategie transnazionali. Nella creazione e nel mantenimento di reti, familiari o estese, le donne sono spesso le principali protagoniste attive e giocano un ruolo centrale nella formazione di reti, benché le reti familiari non siano una semplice trasposizione delle reti esistenti: sotto l'effetto della migrazione, l'unità familiare tende a ricomporsi e reinventarsi costantemente. Le strategie migratorie sono inquadrate principalmente nella cornice della minimizzazione dei rischi e della massimizzazione delle aspettative di riuscita nelle economie globalizzate. La migrazione dalla Romania verso l’ Italia, crea vuoti di di cura (care drain). Esiste una forte interdipendenza tra i nostri sistemi di welfare e quelli dei Paesi di origine delle badanti e quindi una conseguente necessità di pensare a politiche transnazionali che tengano conto di questi squilibri. È a questo proposito che gli studiosi del fenomeno parlano di welfare transnazionale: un welfare che tenga conto di politiche varate per soddisfare il paese di arrivo ma anche quello di provenienza, di soluzioni polifoniche e concertate a livello internazionale con ripercussioni sulla dimensione transnazionale della questione, le famiglie.
XXV Ciclo
1983
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Osmanović, Šemso. "The Role of the United States of America to End a War in Bosnia and Herzegovina: 1992-1995." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10084.
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2012/2013Between 1991 and 1995, close to three hundred thousand people were killed in the former Yugoslavia. The international responses to this catastrophe was at best uncertain and at worst appalling. While both the United States and the European Union initially viewed the Balkan wars as a European problem, the Europeans chose not to take a strong stand, restricting themselves to dispatching U.N. “peacekeepers” to a country where there was no peace keep, and withholding from them the means and the authority to stop the fighting. In Bosnia the Europe sought to avoid military involvement, citing every excuse she could think of not to intervene to prevent the genocide of 250.000 Bosnian Muslims, who ultimately died at the hands of their Serbian tormentors. The British and French, too, who had primarily responsibility for dealing with this European problem, had persuaded the United Nations to impose an arms embargo on both sides in the Bosnian war. As often happens, the embargo did little damage to Serbia’s military capacities, since their army had inherited the extensive military hardware Yugoslavia had amassed under its former Communist regime. But the embargo did deny the means of self-defense to the poorly equipped majority Muslim population in Bosnia. Unarmed, they could do little to repel the invaders or to protect their villages. Some European leaders were not eager to have a Muslim state in the heart of the Balkans, fearing it might become a base for exporting extremism, a result that their neglect made more, not less, likely. However, from the beginning of Yugoslavia’s collapse, Americans divided into two groups, broadly defined: those who thought that Americans should intervene for either moral or strategic reasons, and those who feared that if they did, they would become entangled in a Vietnam-like quagmire. As awareness of ethnic cleansing and genocide spread, the proportion of those who wanted the United States to “do something” increased, but they probably never constituted a majority. Nevertheless, when the situation seemed most hopeless in July 1995 - the United States put its prestige on the line with a rapid and dramatic series of high-risk actions: an all-out diplomatic effort in August, heavy NATO bombing in September, a cease-fire in October, Dayton in November, and, in December, the deployment of twenty thousand American troops to Bosnia. Finally, in late 1995, in the face of growing atrocities and new Bosnian Serb threats, the United States decided to take part in Bosnia, the war was over and the America’s role in post-Cold War Europe redefined. There is a lesson here to be learned by Europe that Bosnian Muslims are the best Christians in the world. The policy-makers cannot have a double heart, one for love and other for hate because some European leaders were not eager to have a Muslim state in the heart of Europe. They spoke of a painful but realistic restoration of Christian Europe. Of course Christianity, like any other religion has nothing to do with the barbarities and the greatest collective failure of Europe. The lesson that Western civilization thought it had drawn from the genocide of World War II – “Never again!”- must now be qualified to read: “except when politically inconvenient.”
La tragedia della ex-Jugoslavia e al suo interno quella della Bosnia Erzegovina riguardano pagine straordinariamente sconvolgenti della storia del mondo posto-Ottantanove, addirittura — si può dire — la conseguenza più grave, anche se non diretta, della dissoluzione dell'Unione Sovietica e conseguentemente di quel bipolarismo che aveva "ingessato" tutte le ipotesi o i tentativi di trasformazione degli esiti e delle conseguenze della seconda guerra mondiale. In un'impostazione sostanzialmente di storia politico-sociale, il candidato ricostruisce le vicende che vanno dal 1990 al 1995, ovvero da quella che il candidato chiama "la morte della Jugoslavia" fino all'intervento, decisivo in termini militari, della NATO nel conflitto, che aveva già visto negli anni precedenti emergere la guerra in Slovenia, in Croazia, prima di colpire anche la Bosnia Erzegovina, con la finale Conferenza che porta agli Accordi di Dayton. L'attore centrale di tutta questa vicenda è naturalmente la Serbia di Milosevic, ricordare il quale non fa che aiutarci a veder riapparire i fantasmi di vicende atroci di sterminio di civili, di stupro etnico, di "pulizia etnica", di genocidio. Il candidato fa opportunamente precedere la sua analisi da una cronologia, piuttosto lunga, che consente di scandire con precisione i diversi passaggi di una storia eccezionalmente drammatica. Segue il programma del suo lavoro, con l'indicazione del metodo di ricerca e degli strumenti di cui si è valso. Le cinque parti sostanziali in cui si suddivide il lavoro riguardano la dissoluzione della Jugoslavia, a partire dai falliti tentativi di Tito di salvaguardare l'integrità di quella Federazione, e analizzando attentamente i due "scivolamenti" della guerra in Slovenia dapprima e in Croazia poi. Il candidato analizza la società e la storia della Bosnia Erzegovina, condizione ovviamente preliminare per comprendere gli eventi successivi. Le tre categorie alle quali il candidato riconduce quella vicenda sono il multiculturalismo, la multietnicità e il multiconfessionalismo — tre dimensioni che potrebbero poter essere rispettate e addirittura apprezzate e che invece, in ogni parte del mondo, e più che altrove in Bosnia trovano ostacoli e resistenze violente e sanguinose. Risulta, come il candidato fa notare, adottare l'arma del nazionalismo e delle sue retoriche, impedendo così a ogni pur volenteroso tentativo di portare la democrazia nel proprio paese di trionfare. Il candidato chiarisce, in questo quadro, che la cosiddetta "balcanizzazione" che si fa discendere da quella parte del mondo, non deve essere intesa come un termine negativo ma come la pura e semplice conseguenza dei frequenti interventi esterni che là si sono realizzati. Il candidato dedica non poca attenzione al ruolo degli Stati Uniti nella vicenda, e alle diverse strategie — politiche e militari — adottate: con i devastanti risultati che tuttavia, purtroppo, conosciamo. L’Unione Europea non esce ovviamente meglio dell'alleato d'oltre Atlantico dalla ricostruzione del candidato, che poi giunge anche a ripercorrere le vicende di alcuni importanti uomini politici locali, sopra tutti Izebegovic e Karadzic, l'un contro l'altro schierati. Né sono passate sotto silenzio le vicende di alcune delle pagine più drammatiche: il massacro di Srebrenica, i bombardamenti su Sarajevo e in particolare il secondo bombardamento sul mercato. La risoluzione della crisi giunse, come per incanto, quando la NATO accolse l'invito ONU di intervenire: l'intervento fece tacere le armi, portò agli accordi di Dayton, ma non alla riconciliazione, che dal 1995 ha comunque incominciato il suo lento, ma — sperabilmente — solido cammino.
XXV Ciclo
1982
10
Džinić, Edina. "Bosnia ed Erzegovina sulla strada di uno stato moderno: Relazione tra disintegrazione nazionale ed integrazione internazionale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10080.
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2012/2013First and second chapter deals with classical problems in terms of state, nation, people, minority, society. BiH was dealing with frequent change of state polity and therefore fallowing influence to the social and cultural change of its people. At the end the individual and collective identity modifications created distinct value disagreements. BiH society is confronting dichotomy in its ethnic affiliations regarding the concept of “multiculturalism” among the Bosniaks’ majority and other two constitutive people Serbs and Croats in terms of three B, believing/belonging/becoming. One will say that ethnicity is a changeable socially constructed concept like e.g. the class, race, etc. another will accentuate the natural constant of ethnic solidarity and the third will emphasize the long-term effects of institutional and cultural environment of ethnic relations. The theoretical framework in the context of ethnographic data is necessary to reach a social and cultural maturity. BiH was experiencing the process of territorial and constitutional transformation after the dissolution of common state of Yugoslavia. Constitutional order of 1995 created complex decision making system and complex state structure blocking the state functions and creating the frequent political, economic and social crises. As a part of international peace agreement the forcible Constitution created unequal standing for three constitutive peoples, the “Others” and citizens of BiH. In its end line it froze the war territorial division. The term “constitutive” people were taken from the last Yugoslav constitution where the state sovereignty was diffused between different holders: the peoples and republics and at the end conditioned by consensus. The reinforced EU presence is a crossforce in supporting the domestic stakeholders and BiH citizens in the EU integration process as well in sooner closure of the OHR and transfer of competencies to the state of BiH and to the other domestic stakeholders. The initiation of “late” approval of crucial laws of BiH e.g. the Law on citizenship, the Law on residence and the Law on Personal identification number happened under the pressure of civil society with “baby revolution”. In the last chapter the accent is on good practice examples of Crossborder Cooperation Program Croatia/BiH 2007-2013 aiming the better quality of life of people in the border region of Una-Sana Canton. An opportunity is entrance of Croatia to EU considering that now 2/3 of the internationally recognized BiH’s border is external border of EU now. The European Aid funds are welcomed in this area, although the consumption of funds could be better. Here is to point out a field work in a multicultural environment of the municipality of Bosanski Petrovac where peace agreement of 1995 established an internal administrative boundary line making two municipalities Bosanki Petrovac and Petrovac.
I capitoli primo e secondo trattano di problemi classici in termini di stato, nazione, popolo, minoranza e società. La BiH si confronta con un frequente cambio di sistema politico dello stato e questo influenza il cambiamento sociale e culturale del popolo. Alla fine del processo le differenze individuali e collettive di identità creano diversi aspetti di valore. La BiH sta affrontando una dicotomia nella sue identità etniche sul concetto di "multiculturalismo" tra la maggioranza dei Bosniacchi e gli altri due popoli costitutivi Serbi e Croati in termini di tre B, credere/appartenere/diventare (believing/belonging/becoming). Alcuni dicono che l'etnicità è un mutevole concetto sociale, altri accentuano la costante di solidarietà etnica e i terzi mettono in risalto gli effetti a lungo termine del contesto istituzionale e culturale delle relazioni etniche. Il quadro teorico nel contesto dei dati etnografici è necessario per raggiungere una maturità sociale e culturale. La BiH sta vivendo il processo di trasformazione territoriale e costituzionale dopo la dissoluzione dello stato comune della Jugoslavia. L’ordine costituzionale ha creato un complesso sistema decisionale ed una struttura statale complessa, bloccando le funzioni dello stato e provocando le frequenti crisi politiche, economiche e sociali. La Costituzione della BiH, che fa parte dell’accordo internazionale di pace del 1995, ha creato una disugualianza tra i tre popoli costitutivi, gli "Altri" ed i cittadini della BiH. Il termine del popolo "costitutivo" è stato preso dall'ultima costituzione jugoslava dove la sovranità statale viene trasmessa tra i popoli e le repubbliche condizionato dal consenso instituzionale. La presenza rafforzata dell'UE ha una ambiguità nel sostenere i titolari del potere nazionale ed i cittadini della BiH nel processo di integrazione europea. Attualmente non esiste una volontà politica per la chiusura finale dell'OHR e per il trasferimento delle competenze all’amministrazione statale ed alle altre parti interne. La procedura di approvazione "in ritardo" delle leggi fondamentali della BiH, ad esempio la legge sulla cittadinanza, la legge sulla residenza e sul numero di identificazione personale, è avvenuta sotto la pressione della società civile con la "baby rivoluzione". Nell'ultimo capitolo l'accento è sugli esempi di buona pratica di cooperazione transfrontaliera e di programma Croazia/Bosnia-Erzegovina (CBC Cr/BiH) per una migliore qualità della vita delle persone nella regione di confine, Cantone Una-Sana. Un'opportunità di sviluppo economico è l'ingresso della Croazia nell'UE, considerando che oggi i 2/3 della frontiera della BiH riconosciuta a livello internazionale è frontiera esterna dell'UE. I fondi degli aiuti europei sono presenti in questa regione, anche se la loro l’utilizzazione potrebbe essere migliore. Si evidenzia anche una ricerca in ambiente multiculturale nel territorio di Bosanski Petrovac dove l’accordo di pace del 1995 ha creato una linea di confine interna creando due comuni, quello di Bosanski Petrovac e quello di Petrovac.
XXV Ciclo
1977
Books on the topic "TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI"
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Koyō taisaku kihon keikaku: (dai 7-ji). Tōkyō: Ōkurashō Insatsukyoku, 1992.
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Dang dai Zhongguo gong gong zheng ce: Contemporary public policies in China. Beijing Shi: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2017.
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Okabe, Kōzō. Kokusaika jidai no koyō seisaku: Dai 6-ji koyō taisaku kihon keikaku no sakutei to tenkai. Tōkyō: Rōmu Gyōsei Kenkyūjo, 1989.
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Okabe, Kōzō. Kokusaika jidai no koyō seisaku: Dai 6-ji koyō taisaku kihon keikaku no sakutei to tenkai. Tōkyō: Rōmu Gyōsei Kenkyūjo, 1989.
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Qing dai jing ji shi lun wen ji: Collected essays in the economic history of Qing China. Taibei Xian Banqiao Shi: Dao xiang chu ban she, 2003.
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Baisan, Xie, ed. Zhongguo dang dai jing ji zheng ce ji qi li lun: China's economic policies, theories and reforms since 1949. 2nd ed. Beijing: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2008.
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Dang dai Zhongguo shao shu min zu jing ji zheng ce yan jiu: The formation & characteristics of contemporary Chinese minority economic policies. Beijing Shi: Zong jiao wen hua chu ban she, 2007.
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Dang dai Zhongguo shao shu min zu jing ji zheng ce yan jiu: The formation & characteristics of contemporary Chinese minority economic policies. Beijing Shi: Zong jiao wen hua chu ban she, 2007.
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Dang dai dong Ya wai yu jiao yu zheng ce fa zhan yan jiu: On the Development of Foreign Language Education Policies in Contemporary East Asia. Beijing Shi: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2012.
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Cai jing lun heng: Quan qiu hua shi dai de hui lü yu hong guan jing ji zheng ce = Exchange rate and macroeconomic policies in the era of globalization. Beijing: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI"
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Cappellin, Riccardo. "Transborder Co-operation along the EU’s External Borders and the Turnabout of Regional Development Policies: A Mediterranean Perspective." In The Nebi Yearbook 1998, 323–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58886-0_21.
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Kuner, Christopher. "Analysis of Underlying Policies." In Transborder Data Flows and Data Privacy Law, 101–20. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674619.003.0005.
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Borchert, Thomas A. "The Fragility of Autonomy." In Educating Monks. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866488.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the education of Dai-lue monastics in the Dhamma Schools of Sipsongpannā. The focus is on the largest such school in the region which has been dedicated to creating a cohort of Dai-lue monks who understand the connection between Dai-lue culture and Buddhism, and see that their job is to help preserve both. At the same time, the program at the school is conditioned by Chinese discourses on and policies for minorities. As a result, while the monks have autonomy to develop a Buddhist curriculum, there are clear limits on how far they can develop their program.
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Muppavarapu, Vineela, and Soon M. Chung. "Semantic-Based Access Control for Data Resources in Open Grid Services Architecture - Data Access and Integration (OGSA-DAI)." In Information Retrieval and Management, 1701–25. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5191-1.ch077.
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This paper proposes a semantic-based access control system for the data resources in the Open Grid Services Architecture - Data Access and Integration (OGSA-DAI). OGSA-DAI is a widely used middleware for integrating data resources in Grids. However, the identity-based access control in OGSA-DAI causes substantial overhead for the resource providers in virtual organizations (VOs), because the access control information of individual users has to be maintained by each resource provider. To solve these problems, the authors propose a semantic-based access control system using Shibboleth and ontology. Shibboleth, an attribute authorization service, is used to manage the user attributes, and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) is used to represent the ontology of the data resources and users. By using ontology, VOs can resolve the differences in their terminologies and specify access control policies based on concepts and user roles, instead of individual resources and user identities. As a result, the administration overhead of the resource providers is reduced considerably. In addition, the eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is used to specify the access control policies uniformly across multiple VOs. The authors also developed an XACML policy administration tool that allows the administrators to create, update, and manage XACML policies. The performance analysis shows that our proposed system adds only a small overhead to the existing security mechanism of OGSA-DAI.
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Borchert, Thomas A. "Monks on the Move." In Educating Monks. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866488.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the networks along which the monks of Sipsongpannā travel. While it is well-known that Buddhist monks travel, the scope and directions of these trips is not well-understood. Following a central theme of the book, the chapter examines the local, national and transnational networks along which the Dai-lue monks travel. These networks, which include economies of merit, educational travel and those created by Chinese institutions such as the Buddhist Association, interact with each other in complicate ways. Transnational networks for example are limited in some ways by the Chinese policies, just as they are enabled by them.
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Goff, Krista A. "Territory, War, and Nation-Building in the South Caucasus." In Nested Nationalism, 61–93. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501753275.003.0003.
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This chapter refers to how World War II and its aftermath were experienced in the Soviet Union and, particularly how geopolitical conflicts intersected with national consciousnesses, relations, and politics in the South Caucasus. It discusses the Soviet leadership that tested the boundaries of its power by fostering national liberation movements among Kurds and Azeris in Iran and advancing territorial claims against Turkey. It also mentions the national actors in Soviet republics that repurposed discourses of national extraterritoriality for their own nation-building, which reignited dormant national disputes in the Caucasus and consolidated transborder alliances and insecurities. The chapter examines how the Bolsheviks created exceptions to the rule by using korenizatsiia policies to exploit cross-border ethnic ties and expand Soviet influence abroad.
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Costa, Oriol, and Margarita León. "Domestic policy analysis by international actors." In Policy Analysis in Spain, 124–38. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447353744.003.0007.
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In this chapter we look at the relationship between international organisations (IGOs) and domestic policy analysis in Spain. We do this by focusing on crisis management relations of the two most recent transborder crises: The Great Recession and the Covid-19 Pandemic. In line with the objectives of this edited volume we interrogate whether IGOS act as promoters or as producers of policy analysis and the factors that might facilitate or prevent this role. We claim that IGOs have a differentiated role depending on the type of crisis, the policy domains to which they pertain and the degree of sovereignty exercised at state level. Whilst policy actions of European institutions during the Great Recession took the form of coercion, the World health Organization acted as ‘teachers of norms and policies’ during the Covid-19 crisis.
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Pogonyi, Szabolcs. "Kin Citizenship in Eastern Europe." In Dual Citizenship and Naturalisation. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw87752_chapt07.
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As opposed to Western and North American immigration countries, where dual citizenship has been discussed in relation to migrant’s integration, Eastern European states used external dual citizenship polices as part of post-communist nation-building projects. In Eastern Europe, newly restored states as well as countries whose international borders have not been involved in recent territorial changes offered citizenship for their ethnic kin living beyond the borders in order to strengthen the claims of the titular majorities over the state, thereby creating ethnocracies. This chapter gives a short overview of kin-citizenship policies in Eastern Europe and argues that the inclusion of non-resident populations in the demos as part of fast-track nation-building generates internal democratic deficits and diplomatic skirmishes but rarely results in outright interstate conflict. The chapter also points out that individuals often regard kin citizenship very differently from governments that offer it as part of transborder nationalist projects.
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Aleksey, Arkhipov, and Eteri Rubinskaya. "MNCs as a Factor for Governance Modernizing in the Twentieth Century." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics, 25–45. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3856-1.ch002.
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Deepening integration of countries within the world economy demands from the states to develop internal and external policies which would be at the same time adequate to challenges of the global economy, to corporate interests and also to national development priorities. Thus, the new concept of state regulation of transnational entrepreneurship must take into account the network structure of organization and significant IT involvement in all transborder operations. In the research presented further we have analyzed the approaches to theoretical definition of transnational entrepreneurship along with the conditions for its formation and spread. We also attempt to determine the economic efficiency of network organization of transnational business under the conditions of global economic instability and the need for permanent development. The major problems related to the interactions of corporations and states are outlined, and the potential development scenarios for these relations are suggested. The role of today's transnational corporations in international capital flow and international labour distribution is explained; the meaning and value of such corporations for the world economy is assessed. The authors also offer for consideration the stages in Russian transnational entrepreneurship development along with recommendations concerning the development and implementation of national economic strategy taking into account the weight of transnationalization factor and the priorities of economic security.
Conference papers on the topic "TRANSBORDER POLICIES FOR DAI"
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Zimmer, Matthieu, and Paul Weng. "An efficient reinforcement learning algorithm for learning deterministic policies in continuous domains." In DAI '19: First International Conference on Distributed Artificial Intelligence. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3356464.3357704.
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Arras, Francesca, Arnaldo Cecchini, Elisa Ghisu, Paola Idini, and Valentina Talu. "Perché e come promuovere la camminabilitá urbana a partire dalle esigenze degli abitanti piú svantaggiati: il progetto "Extrapedestri. Lasciati conquistare dalla mobilità aliena!"." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7962.
Full textAbstract:
La città contemporanea è una città a misura di automobilista. Chi non vuole o non può usare
l'automobile per spostarsi non è in grado di esercitare pienamente il proprio diritto urbano di
accesso ed uso degli spazi e delle strade sottratti dalle automobili all'uso pubblico e collettivo.
Il prerequisito per la riconquista di questo diritto urbano negato è la promozione di un vero e
proprio cambiamento culturale in materia di mobilità, attraverso il coinvolgimento consapevole e
responsabile degli abitanti nelle politiche e nei progetti di promozione della mobilità altra, in
particolare di coloro che subiscono la maggior parte delle conseguenze negative determinate
dalla presenza invasiva delle automobili nella città: bambini, anziani, persone disabili e pedoni
(e ciclisti) in generale. Nell'articolo descriveremo il progetto pilota "Extrapedestri. Lasciati conquistare dalla mobilità
aliena!" che si pone l'obiettivo di promuovere la camminabilità urbana di due quartieri marginali
della città di Sassari (e, in prospettiva, di tutta la città, trattandosi un progetto facilmente
replicabile) a partire dalle esigenze, dai desideri e dalla "capacità di disobbedienza" dei bambini,
uno dei gruppi di abitanti più svantaggiati in materia di mobilità. Contemporary city is a car-friendly city. Those who cannot or do not want to use a car are not
capable to fully exercise their fundamental urban right to access and to use the public spaces
and the streets.
In this paper, we argue that it is possible to make more effective policies aimed at building
walkable cities making reference to the desires and needs of disadvantaged groups. In
particular, we concentrate on children as one of the most vulnerable groups of inhabitants of the
city. The role children can play in improving urban quality of life is fundamental, for a number of
reasons, most important of which, for the purpose of this paper, is their "capability of
disobedience" which might be used as a force of urban transformation.
Then, we present one project through which we try to promote the urban walkability of the city of
Sassari starting from children's involvement: "ExtraPedestrians: let yourself be conquered by
the 'alien' mobility".
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Pucci, Paola. "Pratiche di mobilitá e fonti digitali: opportunità e limiti dei dati di traffico telefonico." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7925.
Full textAbstract:
I cambiamenti nelle pratiche di mobilità nei territori della città contemporanea costituiscono
un’utile chiave di lettura del processo di trasformazione dei tempi, dei luoghi e dei modi della
vita sociale e dei programmi di attività che concorrono a strutturare il territorio. In questa
prospettiva - che assume la mobilità come dispositivo di lettura delle trasformazioni urbane e
sociali (Urry, 2005) - la sfida che si pone riguarda la disponibilità di fonti utili a restituire la
variabilità spazio-temporale delle pratiche di mobilità con continuità temporale. In questo
contesto, un valido supporto ai metodi tradizionali di rilevamento viene da fonti digitali,
riconducibili alle Tecnologie dell’Informazione e della Comunicazione, di cui il paper descrive
potenzialità e limiti, con particolare riferimento ai dati di traffico telefonico. A partire dai risultati
di una ricerca empirica condotta dal Dastu Politecnico di Milano sui dati di telefonia mobile della
rete di Telecom Italia (Manfredini, Pucci, Tagliolato, 2012 e 2013), il paper evidenzia le possibili
applicazioni di tali fonti per l’analisi, la visualizzazione e l’interpretazione delle pratiche di
mobilità e dei ritmi d’uso degli spazi urbani, utili per costruire politiche per la mobilità più efficaci
ed eque, poiché meno generaliste. Changes in mobility practices are a useful tool to describe urban transformations in times,
places, social life and work programs, as well as a structural element of contemporary cities.
This is because mobility is cause and consequence of changes in the organization of everyday
life (Urry, 2000). With the aim to reading the density of urban spaces usages and urban mobility
practices, a valid support of conventional urban analysis methods comes from digital data
sources (mobile phone data, ICT, digital traces acquired by social media).This paper focuses on
the potentialities and limits offered by mobile phone data to a reading of the site practices and
rhythms of usage of the contemporary city by identifying the principal mobile practices of
different urban populations in Milan Urban Region. Starting from the results of a research
carried out at the Dastu, Politecnico di Milano, using mobile phone data provided by Telecom
Italia (Manfredini, Pucci & Tagliolato, 2012 and 2013) we will demonstrate how new maps,
based on the processing of mobile phone data can represent spatialized urban practices and
how they can give new insights for analyze space-time patterns of mobility practices. In the
paper, the identification of temporary urban populations through mobile phone data (density of
the calls and origin - destination traces of the calls) has not only a knowing purpose, but it is the
condition for recognize new claims referred to “communities of practice”, by which to build
mobility policies incisive, also because not generalist.