Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trajectoire de handicap'
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Chevallier-Rodrigues, Emilie. "Trajectoires scolaires et construction identitaire d'élèves en situation de handicap : rôle du sens de l'expérience scolaire." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20117/document.
Full textWe would propose to contribute to knowledge building by directly investigate pupils concerns about their schooling experiment' sense and the development of self-representations in terms educational trajectories. Their characteristics and specificities would be highlighted. We met 111 intellectually disabled pupils, 51 girls and 60 boys, aged 7.5 to 16 years old (A (average) = 12.4 ; SD (standard deviation) = 2.08), schooled in ULIS based in primary school (N=44), ULIS based in secondary school (N=49) and in specialized environment (N=19), in the Midi-Pyrénées area. Five additional instruments, all suitable for pupils we met, have been used to collect our data : self-drawing and man drawing (Hurtig & Rohrer, 1979), a Q-Sort of self-representations (Pierrehumbert & Rankin, 1990), the questionnaire Les jeunes, l’école et leur avenir (Prêteur, Constant & Féchant, 2004), a drawing of real school and dreaming school Dessin de l’Ecole Réelle et de l’Ecole Imaginaire (Caglar, 1983) and an orally bilan de savoir (knowledge assessment) (Charlot, Bautier & Rochex, 1992).Our results show existence of plural educational trajectories which emphasize pupils in a disability situation’s schooling. Current context of schooling and methods of teaching are prominent dimensions of these trajectories. The sense of schooling experience, based on these trajectories, underlines higher values given to intellectual and schooling knowledge. The teacher is perceived as the principal mediating agent between pupils and knowledge. The lack of peer’s relations is also observed in their recreational activity. Studying links between the variables of our study disclose a moderated effect of sense given to their schooling experience, particularly in daily knowledge, relationships with teachers, link to peers and school content, in the relationship between educational trajectories and self-representation
Duprès, Alban. "Interface cerveau-machine hybride pour pallier le handicap causé par la myopathie de Duchenne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10148/document.
Full textBrain-machine interfaces (BMI) have been considered since many years as the most promising approach to the palliation of severe motor handicap. This thesis describes a hybrid brain-machine interface, designed specifically for patients suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our hybrid BMI uses signals recorded by electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and joystick sensors. Signal processing enables the hybrid BMI to detect a movement or movement intent at different levels of the motor command chain. Joysticks are used as long as the patient is able to activate them, then when motricity deteriorates with the disease evolution, the hybrid BMI takes EMG signals into account and finally EEG signals. We have developed an original method for processing EEG signals, allowing the system to select features that a human expert considers as the most discriminant. Performance has been assessed on a data set used as a reference in the BMI community, as well as on data that we have recorded from healthy subjects in our laboratory. Our hybrid BMI controls the trajectory of a moving object – either real or virtual – through three actions, corresponding to a movement or an intent of movement of the right hand, the left hand, or both hands simultaneously. An additional degree of freedom can be considered by integrating the detection of attempted feet movements
Castanon, Léa. "Ρrise en charge institutiοnnelle des persοnnes en situatiοn d'Etat Végétatif Chrοnique οu Etat Ρauci-Relatiοnnel : analyse sοciοlοgique au prisme de la "trajectοire de handicap"." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR126.
Full textThrough an ethnographic research, conducted in two medical units (awakening and dedicated unit), this thesis investigates the construction of the handicap trajectory of patients in a chronic vegetative state or in a minimal conscious state. These two states, of altered consciousness, create an extreme handicap and an almost full reliance, making a full and whole participation of the patient to their medical care, impossible. Being both present and absent, the latter, observes his handicap trajectory being built via a fragile partnership between the family and the medical care givers. The research conducted during his thesis, allowed to identify the different medical care units involved, and as well key moments of the handicap trajectory: the relationship between the family and the care givers where they create and unwind bonds, oscillating between conflicts, partnership, tensions and sharing. The omnipresent fear in intensive care unit, is replaced by uncertainty and hope, which are markers of the transfer to the awakening coma unit. The passage to dedicated unit marks the beginning of the disability identity. This transfer, changes the inter-relationships and the evolution of the handicap trajectory. These two medical units (awakening and dedicated unit), their relationships, the deployed “spirit of the given care”, their knowledge which can be contradictory or shared, is analyzed in this these, in order to trace the outlines of this handicap trajectory. Via an interactionist and ethnographic research approach, this thesis examines the various issues involved in this type of care, which can be defined as particular on several levels
Chevallier-Rodrigues, Emilie. "Trajectoires scolaires et construction identitaire d'élèves en situation de handicap : rôle du sens de l'expérience scolaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20117.
Full textWe would propose to contribute to knowledge building by directly investigate pupils concerns about their schooling experiment' sense and the development of self-representations in terms educational trajectories. Their characteristics and specificities would be highlighted. We met 111 intellectually disabled pupils, 51 girls and 60 boys, aged 7.5 to 16 years old (A (average) = 12.4 ; SD (standard deviation) = 2.08), schooled in ULIS based in primary school (N=44), ULIS based in secondary school (N=49) and in specialized environment (N=19), in the Midi-Pyrénées area. Five additional instruments, all suitable for pupils we met, have been used to collect our data : self-drawing and man drawing (Hurtig & Rohrer, 1979), a Q-Sort of self-representations (Pierrehumbert & Rankin, 1990), the questionnaire Les jeunes, l’école et leur avenir (Prêteur, Constant & Féchant, 2004), a drawing of real school and dreaming school Dessin de l’Ecole Réelle et de l’Ecole Imaginaire (Caglar, 1983) and an orally bilan de savoir (knowledge assessment) (Charlot, Bautier & Rochex, 1992).Our results show existence of plural educational trajectories which emphasize pupils in a disability situation’s schooling. Current context of schooling and methods of teaching are prominent dimensions of these trajectories. The sense of schooling experience, based on these trajectories, underlines higher values given to intellectual and schooling knowledge. The teacher is perceived as the principal mediating agent between pupils and knowledge. The lack of peer’s relations is also observed in their recreational activity. Studying links between the variables of our study disclose a moderated effect of sense given to their schooling experience, particularly in daily knowledge, relationships with teachers, link to peers and school content, in the relationship between educational trajectories and self-representation
Zdravkova, Yana. "L’expérience carcérale du handicap." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC012.
Full textThis research focuses on the prison experience of people with disabilities. The aim is to analyze the way in which the prison environment makes physical and mental particularities socially meaningful. Mobilizing multi-situated ethnography, based on a constructivist and pragmatic approach, the thesis analyzes the interweaving of political, moral and pragmatic categories in the construction of deficiencies and thus of disability in prison. The first part serves to construct and conceptualize the object of the research. It examines the links and boundaries between disability and prison sentences, constructed as categories of public action organized around the dialectic between vulnerability and responsibility of prisoners. A socio-historical section puts into perspective the construction of these two categories around the border between able and disable. Finally, a documentary analysis allows us to understand the weight of human and individual rights on the meaning of disability in prison. The second part, based on an ethnography carried out in four men's prisons, analyzes the conflict between different social conventions - a "convention of renown" characteristic of the prison world and a "convention of protection" characteristic of the world of disability - that is caused by the presence of prisoners with disabilities. This "test" for the prison world is resolved in the concrete agreements of the actors around opposing principles of justice. These agreements give rise to regimes of action in the form of devices, arrangements or adaptations. The analysis of the configurations of each prison makes it possible to understand disability as being anchored and established in locally produced meanings Finally, the third part focuses on the individual experience of male prisoners with disabilities (considered as being, or those who claim to be). In an environment where masculinity represents a normative frame of reference, they contravene this "order", because they require care and protection. Through the interviews, their itineraries, identities and prison life appear to be marked by a dilemma that becomes a double constraint forcing them to respond to both protection and autonomy orders. Deprived of any support, they must show themselves as being able of acting on themselves
Lebat, Cindy. "Les personnes en situation de handicap sensoriel dans les musées : réalités d’accueil, expériences de visite et trajectoires identitaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA060.
Full textThis PhD dissertation focuses on the ways and means of the museum experience for visitors with visual or hearing deficiencies. For that matter, the aim is to grasp both the cultural mediation systems, the welcoming apparatus proposed by museums but also the experience lived by the visitors. This allows to touch upon the discourses then carried out regarding accessibility and difference. A field work was carried out in the museums of the region Île-de-France and through interviews with people with disabilities. The main objective was to bring out the way in which museums, through the devices they propose and by the discourses they carry and relay on accessibility, organize and reveal at the same time the social treatment of disability. Museums can be considered frameworks for analysis and for understanding identity trajectories, since the social processes giving a place and an identity to people are strongly perceptible in this institution. Moreover, the sensitive connection to environment and, in this case to the exhibits, is also conditioned by the museum. It therefore contributes to establish a self-image for the visitor, and thus to structure the visitor's journey. In addition, by also highlighting the ability of individuals to seize these elements to develop their identity trajectories, this work highlights the responsibility of the museum as an institution, which participates in the construction of social and personal identities
Ecault-Bellec, Aurore. "Le choix d’habiter des travailleurs handicapés accompagnés : une approche biographique mixte. L’exemple de la région des Pays de la Loire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NANU2009.
Full textFrance is promoting the inclusion of people with disabilities in ordinary work and housing environments, (re)questioning the boundaries between ordinary and sheltered environments. This thesis in social geography proposes a spatialized analysis of the housing choice process of supported disabled workers in the Pays de la Loire region. The aim is to understand the impact of individual characteristics, the residential environment, biographical trajectories and public policies on the residential choices of this population. The methodology adopted is based on a mixed biographical approach using a 'questionnaire- interview' tool, which is sent to disabled workers supported by work, accommodation, medico-social or social support structures. In addition, semi-structured interviews were carried out with people from the Departmental Councils and the Departmental Houses for the Disabled in order to understand the impact of public policies on the respondents' residential paths. In addition, semi-directive interviews were carried out with stakeholders from the Departmental Councils and the Departmental Houses for the Disabled, to understand the impact of public policies on the respondents' residential paths. This methodological protocol reveals the socio- spatial dimension of the housing choices of 229 disabled workers in the Pays de la Loire region. The tendency is to seek (closer) proximity to amenities, services, work and surroundings. The departmentalisation of public action and the attachment to the area in which people live lead to low levels of residential and professional mobility. Decompartmentalising services is therefore a response to the challenges faced by disabled workers in the Pays de la Loire region
Amor, Ndjabo Monique. "L'expérience de l'incapacité motrice à Yaoundé au Cameroun : une analyse des perturbations biographiques." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20073/document.
Full textThe occurrence of a motor disability is a major event that is not limited to corporal dimensions, but also involves social dimensions. Individuals are faced with biographical disruptions characterized by breaches and bifurcations in their lifetrajectories and by the loss of place and role in social life. The occurrence of disability calls for a reorganization of living conditions and of the day-to-day life when returning to their usual environment after a stay in a rehabilitation centre. Experiencing motor disability thus makes it possible to grasp the social dynamics of life trajectories and the resources solicited by persons with motor disability in the process of their social reconstruction.Based on interviews conducted with men and women with motor disabilities and living at home in Yaoundé (Cameroon), this thesis aims at analysing the interactions between motor disability and social environment in the reorganization of their life trajectories and in their different activities following the onset of disability. By adopting a social model of the handicap, it highlights the biographical disruptions and the resources needed in the different trajectories to maintain and adapt their identity. It allows a situated analysis of the mechanisms of production of disability from the experience of individuals
Le, Dantec Joel. "Les établissements médico-sociaux destinés à l'accueil des adultes en situation de handicap mental ou psychique. La construction d'une diversité d'usages entre prises en charge totalisantes et ouvertures sur des trajectoires singulières (1975-2005)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458286.
Full textRandria, Iadaloharivola. "De la planification de trajectoires à l'aide à la décision pour la navigation autonome et assistée d'un fauteuil roulant électrique : application au projet ISIDORE." Toulon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUL0018.
Full textThe design of a handicap assistive interface is time consuming and costly because the users' specificities are various, their often important fatigability and their delicate acceptability sometimes. In the case of a sophisticated technical assistance such as electric powered wheelchair, it is important to define high performing and adequate models before any implementation. In this context, this thesis studies a project of low cost electric wheelchair control simulator with information feedback and collaborative navigation, for an evaluation and assitance for disable person navigation. This project is different from the existing systems by aiming at a triple objective. First of all, the "simulation" function allows a secured and assisted navigation, by information feedback, by using virtual reality. A preliminary theorical study was developed for an optimized algorithmic solution of navigation in a known environment by using the gentic algorithms with variable chromosome lengths. The obtained reference trajectory and the user behavioral data make it possible to provide qualitative and quantitative information to the prescribing doctor, thanks to a fuzzy controller, in order to achieve the second goal of "decision-making aid". Lastly, the objective of "rehabilitation assistance" is ensured by a supervised collaborative navigation and the analysis of the user progressions / regressions. An experimental prototype shows the efficiency as well as the originality of the ISIDORE system as an interface assistance with simulation, decision and rehabilitation
Le, Dantec Joël. "Les établissements médico-sociaux destinés à l'accueil des adultes en situation de handicap mental ou psychique : la construction d'une diversité d'usages entre prises en charge totalisantes et ouvertures sur des trajectoires singulières (1975-2005)." Toulouse 2, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458286.
Full textMeeting people with intellectual or psychic disabilities is a source of unease for 'normal' people. Until recently, these persons were assigned to institutional places and housing. But at the same time that these placements were being made, theses persons were also gradually invited to find a place within the ideal of the emancipated and empowered individual. It the meeting of these two traditions and their uses that produce what now appears to be the diversity of trajectories that occur in the space of the medical/social bureaucracy. This thesis based on an investigation of their intersections in sheltered work establishments during the period from 1975 to 2005, explores the effects of the encounters between these traditions and their practical uses. The first section presents the mental disabilities in relation to the obligations of social interactions in daily life. In a second stage these infirmities of sign are presented in relation to the historical transformations of these expectations and in relation to the devices established to support these disabilities. The second section, based on interviews of disabled persons and an examination of archives, offers typical segments of these trajectories as viewed by these persons. The third section examines the share of professional mediations in the construction of these intersections. In conclusion, these investigations lead to infer that the practices resulting of this ideal of emancipation, whose current directional words would be accountability, supportive community living and coordinated social work, could lead to new moral obligations and… to new practical uses of theses obligations
Rohmer, Serge. "Modélisation d'environnement par nombres multivaleurs : application à la recherche de trajectoires robustes pour robots non-holonomes." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10370.
Full textHeinry, Hervé. "L’élève empêché : comment les qualifications médicosociales forgent les trajectoires sur un territoire." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0029.
Full textThe aim of this research is to analyse how the health care needs of disabled children are covered under the French health care system.The research follows the trajectory in educational and therapeutic institutions and in children’s homes, revealing a system founded on academic policies, practices and interactions between schools and their local care services.The research reveals a system based on territorial cohesive requirements set forth by the Social Action and Family Code, lacking in territorial cohesion and varying largely from one locality to another. In addition to the paradigm of children in the sociology of health, this research highlights the complexity of choice faced by the majority of working class families’ in a system piloted by choice
Rollin, Zoé. "Le lycée à I'épreuve du cancer : étude de la coordination des professionnel-le-s soignant-e-s, non soignant-e-s et enseignant-e-s autour du suivi des trajectoires scolaires d'élèves atteint-e-s de cancer." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0148.
Full textThis doctoral research examine, from the case of the cancer, the tensions between serious chronic disease and schooling at the level of the high school. It is based on the study of 60 secondary pupils' school trajectories with cancer and three years old of ethnographical observation in schools and departments of cancer care. This thesis questions the temporality of the schooling in the face of the test of the disease at the level of trajectories and the school experiences of the high school students. On the long term, the management socially differentiated the disease, and it in interaction with a plurality of actors and actresses, lets in a part only of these pupils to invalidating school trajectories, which fall over to the field of the handicap. In the accompaniment of the social management of the disease, the parents, in particular the mothers, play a major role. These trajectories and experiences are marked by the sustainability of relationships of power which persist in the test of the serious illness. The square occupied by the schooling, the school and its representatives in hospital is also studied. The everyday life of the teaching in departments of care is modelled by the standards of the hospital and moved in a work of support compound of a wide beam of tasks surrounding the transmission of knowledge. Finally, this thesis comes to j underline what mean for the French school institution to welcome pupils with cancer. This one builts itself on the basis of undifferentiated pupils with no needs for specific adaptations. So, inclusion comes to push aside this building, a fortiori at the high school. Studying cancer highlights some logics: the part of the intrinsic care in teaching everyday life. A whole set of interstitial tasks as well as in a personalization of the educational relation is required in the context of serious illness
Sivilotti, Lucas. "La médiation auprès des étudiants atteints de cancer ou de maladies rares : analyse et compréhension des enjeux. Étude en Nouvelle-Aquitaine autour de la trajectoire estudiantine et des interactions plurielles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0330.
Full textDespite a high visibility for several years, rare diseases and cancers remain largely unknown to the main part of the general public and professionals. An insufficient number of surveys have been made on the impacts of serious and chronic conditions on the students and their life courses, in particular the post-secondary pathway. Due to the rareness and the lack of knowledge on them, pediatric cancers and rare diseases increase the risk of isolation and consequently the school dropout. Thus, the objective is to promote institutional linkage and to facilitate the administrative procedures through an external and “neutral” professional in order to encourage inclusion of youth and young adults.The objective of this research is to better understand the barriers and levers on the inclusion of students living with rare diseases or cancers. The survey used a mixed methodology, combining interviews and questionnaires involving students, their parents and high education professionals. In addition to the baseline survey, an ethnographical observation acted as an empirical check on the mediation as a facilitator of the multiple interactions. This study includes an educational and sociological approach. The sick student is considered as being inseparable from his condition. This work is also interested in stakeholders such as family members and institutional professionals.The findings suggest that education practitioners reveal a lack of legitimacy to intervene with population with specificities to which they have not been trained for. Disabled students and their families express the need for regular and continuous support, particularly during educational transitionsAnalysis of the observations made during the mediating interventions provides a better understanding of student paths and professional positioning. These results allow to consider the setting up of mediating interventions taking into account the current organization of services and actors involved in supporting young adults with disabilities
Briet, Gaëtan. "Inclusion scolaire et mise en place d’un accompagnement médico-psychologique précoce pour les enfants présentant un Trouble du Spectre de l’Autisme." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20020/document.
Full textInclusive education of children with disabilities becomes a priority of educational policies. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are therefore concerned by these transformations. This thesis which falls in the developmental psychopathology research field pursues a dual objective. On the one hand, we examined the developmental trajectories of children with ASD who attended a new inclusive classroom (study 1). On the other hand, we evaluated the effect of two peer-mediated interventions, applied within the socio-constructivist framework, and implemented in symbolic play setting (study 2) or during academic activities on digital tablet (study 3). 18 children with ASD and 26 children with typical development were involved in this thesis. After two years of follow-up, results of the study 1 showed that children with ASD significantly progress in terms of cognitive and socio-communicative skills. However, a large variability between children was also noted. The extent of children’s progress was associated with several factors such as chronological age, non-verbal intelligence and language abilities. Results of the studies 2 and 3 showed that train typical peers about the way to interact with their ASD buddies can improve socio-communicative skills of children with ASD. All typical participants also demonstrated an immediate increase in the number of tutoring behaviors after the introduction of the intervention. These results open promising perspectives in terms of educational practices that could be implemented in school setting to promote inclusion of students with ASD
Wei, Yan. "Planification et Suivi de Mouvement d’un Système de Manipulateur Mobile non-holonome à deux bras." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0004/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the motion planning and tracking of a dual-arm mobile humanoid. First, MDH is used for kinematic modeling. The co-simulation via Simulink-Adams on prototype is realized to validate the effectiveness of RBFNN controller. In order to overcome the shortcomings of Euler-Lagrange’s formulations that require calculating energy and energy derivatives, Kane’s method is used. In addition, physical stability is analyzed based on Kane’s method and a controller is designed using back-stepping technique. Secondly, an improved MaxiMin NSGA-II is proposed to design the mobile base’s (MB) optimal position-orientation and the upper manipulator’s (UM) optimal configuration given only the initial pose and end-effectors’ (EEs) desired positions-orientations. A direct connect algorithm combining BiRRT and gradient-descent is designed to plan the transition from initial pose to optimal pose, and a geometric optimization method is designed to optimize and cohere the path. In addition, forward motions are obtained by assigning orientations for MB thus indicating robot’s intention. In order to solve the failure problem of offline algorithm, an online algorithm is proposed while estimating dynamic obstacles’ motions. In addition, in order to optimize via-poses, an algorithm based on EEs’ via-points and MOGA is proposed by optimizing four via-pose-based objective functions. Finally, the motion tracking problem is studied given EEs’ motions in the task space. Instead of controlling the absolute motion, two relative motions are introduced to realize the coordination and cooperation between MB and UM. In addition, an modulated WLN technique is proposed to avoid joints’ limits
April-Caron, Marie-Pier. "Les trajectoires de développement professionnel d'enseignants spécialisés en déficience visuelle." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3056/1/M9447.pdf.
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