Relevant bibliographies by topics / Traits sociaux

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Traits sociaux'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Traits sociaux"

1

Elkouby, Annie. "Les originaires de l'archipel des Comores. Identité culturelle et devenir." Migrants formation 94, no. 1 (1993): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/diver.1993.7226.

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Qu'ils soient français, comme les Mahorais, ou étrangers, comme les Comoriens, les originaires de l’archipel des Comores, nombreux à Marseille, présentent des traits culturels bien spécifiques qui à la fois séduisent et désorientent leurs interlocuteurs travailleurs sociaux.
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2

Amadieu, Jean-Baptiste, and Carole Talon-Hugon. "Les formes contemporaines de censure." Études hors-série, no. 13 (September 15, 2021): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etu.hs21.0131.

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Les formes nouvelles de censure dans l’art se spécifient par plusieurs traits. D’abord par le fait que les censeurs ne sont plus des institutions comme l’État ou l’Église, mais des associations (féministes, LGBTQI+, antispécistes, décoloniales, etc.), des groupes voire des groupuscules plus ou moins éphémères. Enfin, le lieu de la censure n’est plus le tribunal, mais les médias : réseaux sociaux (Facebook et autres), sites internet, journaux qui exercent de fortes pressions allant de l’intimidation au lynchage. La zone floue, mi-juridique, mi-sociale, où s’exercent ces nouvelles formes de censure soulève de nombreuses questions.
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3

René, Jean-François, Christine Lefebvre, Monique Provost, and Jean Panet-Raymond. "La difficile intégration des bénéficiaires de l’aide sociale au Québec." Lien social et Politiques, no. 42 (October 2, 2002): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/005225ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Les récits d'une cinquantaine de bénéficiaires québécois de la sécurité du revenu âgés de 25 à 45 ans et ayant charge d'enfants permettent de dégager les traits dominants de leur rapport à l'intégration professionnelle et économique : précarité économique et force des liens sociaux familiaux ; omniprésence de la valeur travail et rejet du statut d'assisté ; faiblesse du soutien étatique. L'éthique de la responsabilité individuelle semble dominer la manière dont les sujets appréhendent les avenues de sortie de l'aide sociale. Le rôle de l'État, plus particulièrement les filières d'insertion offertes par lui, paraissent rarement propices à une intégration réelle.
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4

Lemieux, Vincent. "Parenté, socialité et politique: retour à l'Île d'Orléans." Recherche 30, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/056407ar.

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Un modèle allégorique, celui des mains symboliques, sert à montrer comment les liens de parenté définissent les principaux traits de la socialité. Il inspire l'analyse des résultats des élections provinciales qui se sont déroulées dans l'île d'Orléans depuis 1970. L'interprétation révèle une socialité proprement partisane et des traits économiques et sociaux qui découlent du modèle. Il sert aussi à comprendre des phénomènes politiques, exogènes à l'île d'Orléans, qui ont des incidences électorales plus ou moins différenciées dans les six localités de l'île.
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Delarue, Jean-Marie. "Prisons et relations carcérales." Études Tome 413, no. 12 (November 28, 2010): 609–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etu.4136.0609.

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Résumé « Qui peut dire la prison… qui peut dire le silence ? » Sans déchirer ici ce silence, cet article évoque les grandes évolutions des prisons et de la politique pénitentiaire depuis vingt ans. Il tente de définir les traits les plus essentiels des relations carcérales, au sens des rapports sociaux qui se nouent entre le personnel et les personnes détenues.
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Toupin, Sophie, Christian Dessureault, and Emmanuelle Roy. "Recrutement, mobilité professionnelle et reproduction sociale des artisans de Saint-Denis-sur-Richelieu, 1740-1810." Scientia Canadensis 24 (June 29, 2009): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800414ar.

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Résumé Jusqu’à ce jour, les travaux sur les artisans du Canada préindustriel ont permis de mieux saisir les principaux traits familiaux et sociaux de certains métiers. Toutefois, la majorité des auteurs se sont surtout intéressés aux artisans urbains. Cet article vise à mieux définir le portrait social des artisans ruraux de la région de Montréal au tournant du XIXe siècle. Nous cherchons plus spécifiquement à définir les modalités de recrutement et la cohésion sociale de l’ensemble des artisans d’une communauté rurale spécifique : Saint-Denis-sur-Richelieu. Nous définissons d’abord l’origine géographique et sociale des familles artisanales de cette paroisse. Puis, nous vérifions le degré de mobilité professionnelle de ces artisans à l’intérieur de leur cycle de vie. Nous abordons finalement les aspects de la mobilité ou de l’enracinement des artisans dans cette région sous l’angle de la reproduction familiale et sociale.
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7

Carle, Juliette, and Doris Bonnet. "Identité et question des origines dans l’abandon d’enfants au Burkina Faso." Anthropologie et Sociétés 33, no. 1 (August 19, 2009): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037817ar.

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Résumé Identité et question des origines dans l’abandon d’enfants au Burkina Faso À travers l’étude de situations d’abandon d’enfants « sans père » ou nés de relations dites incestueuses au sein de la population moaga, nous tenterons d’éclairer les représentations identitaires qui entourent ces enfants. La responsabilité qu’a une femme d’un enfant conçu dans le cadre d’une relation prohibée semble se limiter à l’accouchement, tandis que l’homme se voit interdire l’accès à la paternité sociale. Les récits des mères d’enfants « sans père » témoignent par ailleurs de leur impossibilité de conférer à l’enfant une autre identité que celle de bâtard. L’enfant abandonné est assimilé, dans un imaginaire social relativement universel, à un enfant « trouvé ». Ce thème de l’enfant privé d’attache favorise l’absence d’informations sur la filiation originelle de l’enfant. Or, les services sociaux connaissent, bien souvent, les motifs d’abandon et même les noms des parents géniteurs, notamment parce que le consentement de la mère est exigé pour réaliser une adoption plénière. Par ailleurs, si nombre de parents adoptants sont réticents à connaître la parenté d’origine des enfants, beaucoup valorisent le lieu d’origine de l’enfant, son appartenance ethnique ou nationale, une culture, traits sociaux envisagés comme constituant les « racines » de l’enfant.
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Latzo-Toth, Guillaume, Madeleine Pastinelli, and Nicole Gallant. "Usages des médias sociaux et pratiques informationnelles des jeunes Québécois : le cas de Facebook pendant la grève étudiante de 2012." Recherche 58, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039930ar.

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Le printemps 2012 a été marqué par une crise sociale majeure au Québec, suscitée par le conflit autour de la hausse des droits de scolarité. Divers observateurs ont suggéré que les plateformes du Web 2.0, également appelées « médias sociaux », auraient joué un rôle de premier plan dans cette crise. Facebook et Twitter, notamment, constituent une source et un outil de partage d’informations qui, sans remplacer les médias de masse, pourraient avoir contribué à transformer la façon dont les individus s’informent, discutent et se forgent une opinion. Cet article entreprend de documenter ces pratiques informationnelles émergentes selon une approche sociographique afin de mieux les comprendre et de déterminer dans quelle mesure elles sont circonstancielles ou bien révélatrices d’une évolution plus profonde. L’enquête repose sur une approche hybride, s’appuyant sur une série d’entretiens qualitatifs approfondis, menés auprès d’une trentaine de jeunes (étudiants et non-étudiants) âgés entre 18 et 25 ans durant la crise, combinés à la « visite commentée » des traces d’activité archivées dans leur historique Facebook. Cette étude a permis de montrer qu’en dépit de certains traits récurrents, les usages et représentations de la plateforme sont loin d’être homogènes au sein de ce groupe d’âge et reflètent les clivages sociaux qui continuent de traverser le Québec.
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FORQUIN, Jean-Claude. "Savoirs scolaires, contraintes didactiques et enjeux sociaux." Sociologie et sociétés 23, no. 1 (September 30, 2002): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001246ar.

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Résumé En s'appuyant sur un certain nombre d'apports scientifiques et théoriques récents de la sociologie du curriculum, l'auteur analyse certaines caractéristiques structurelles et culturelles des savoirs scolaires dans les sociétés contemporaines. La réflexion porte successivement sur les mécanismes de la sélection opérée au sein de la culture en vue de la constitution des programmes scolaires, sur les effets de la contrainte didactique et sur les traits originaux de la culture scolaire, sur la structuration des savoirs scolaires sous forme de territoires disciplinaires compartimentés, sur les phénomènes de stratification et de légitimation sociale de ces savoirs. Enfin, la question est posée de savoir si une telle approche analytique et critique du curriculum implique nécessairement une conception relativiste de la connaissance et de la culture ou peut rester compatible avec l'exigence proprement pédagogique d'une justification intellectuelle et culturelle "normative" des contenus d'enseignement.
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Proulx, Pierre-Paul. "L’intégration économique dans les Amériques : quelles stratégies pour tenter d’assurer l’américanité plutôt que l’américanisation du Québec?" Symposium : L’américanité du Québec 18, no. 1 (November 17, 2008): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/040153ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Ce texte présente certains des traits mondiaux et nord-américains du nouveau contexte économique, social, culturel et politique dans lequel le Québec doit évoluer. Il fait ensuite un examen des caractéristiques des politiques économiques proposées couramment aux États-Unis, par l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques et de celles énoncées récemment au Québec. Certaines suggestions sont présentées pour favoriser la poursuite par le Québec de ses objectifs sociaux et économiques et ce tout en évitant l’américanisation de son économie.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Traits sociaux"

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Sanchez, Viera Talia. "Prédiction de comportements toxiques à partir des messages sur les réseaux sociaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66590.

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L’objectif de ce mémoire est d’explorer trois différentes techniques pour prédire la toxicité chez les utilisateurs des communautés en ligne. Notre motivation principale est d’aider les modérateurs de ces communautés à concentrer leurs efforts sur les utilisateurs les plus susceptibles d’écrire des messages toxiques, et éviter ainsi de gaspiller du temps et des ressources à surveiller toute la communauté. Nous avons d’abord créé un modèle mathématique capable de prédire les cinq traits de personnalité du modèle OCEAN (Ouverture, Conscienciosité, Extraversion, Agréabilité et Neuroticisme) et les trois traits de la Triade Noire (Narcissisme, Machiavélisme et Psychopathie)d’un utilisateur à partir de son style d’écriture et de son utilisation du vocabulaire. Nos expériences avec ce modèle sur les communautés de Twitter et Reddit ont démontré qu’il existe bien une relation entre la personnalité d’un utilisateur et le niveau de toxicité de ses messages. Particulièrement, nous avons constaté que les utilisateurs avec des valeurs élevées de narcissisme, de machiavélisme et de psychopathie et faibles valeurs de conscienciosité et agréabilité ont plus tendance à écrire des messages toxiques. Dans une deuxième étape, nous appliquons des algorithmes de partitionnement dans l’espace des traits de personnalité et dans l’espace des caractéristiques du langage. Nous avons observé qu’il est possible de détecter des groupes d’utilisateurs potentiellement risqués à surveiller sans avoir besoin de créer un profile pour chaque utilisateur. Finalement, nous avons créé un modèle de régression pour estimer le niveau de toxicité des utilisateurs en fonction de leurs attributs linguistiques. Nous avons observé que les utilisateurs prédits d’avoir les niveaux de toxicité plus élevés par notre régression sont également ceux qui ont des traits de Triade Noire très élevés selon notre modèle de personnalité.
The objective of this study is to explore three different techniques to predict toxicity online community users. Our main motivation is to help the moderators of these communities to focus their efforts on users who are more likely to write toxic messages, and thus avoid wasting time and resources by monitoring the entire community. First, we created a mathematical model capable of predicting the five personality traits of the OCEAN model (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism) and the three traits of the Dark Triad (Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy) for auser, based on their writing style and choice of vocabulary. The experiments we performed with this model on users of the Twitter and Reddit communities have shown that there is a relationship between a user’s personality and the level of toxicity of their messages. In particular, we found that users with high values of narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy andlow values of conscientiousness and agreeableness were more likely to write toxic messages. For our second technique, we applied clustering algorithms on the predicted personality traits andon the observed language characteristics. This allowed us to show that it is possible to detect clusters of potentially risky users without having to create a profile for each user. Finally, we created a regression model to estimate the level of toxicity of users based on their linguistic attributes alone. We observed that the users predicted to have higher toxicity levels by our regression model are also those who have a very high value of Dark Triad traits according to our personality model.
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Andersson, Ellen, and Tora Sjökvist. "Closing in on social anxiety : Investigating social anxiety, personality, affectivity, and social distance." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397053.

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Jameel, L. B. "Autistic traits and everyday social behaviour." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1477210/.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterised by difficulties with social communication and interaction. A great deal of experimental work has examined the performance of people with ASD on social cognition tasks in laboratory settings, and a number of cognitive models have been postulated to account for observed differences in those with ASD. Meanwhile, clinical reports indicate that people with ASD face a range of difficulties in everyday functioning. However, very little experimental work has tried to elucidate how the postulated cognitive deficits in ASD might translate into difficulties in real-life-type settings, especially in adult populations. A range of novel scenario-based tasks were developed for the present thesis which aimed to provide more sensitive tools than traditional social cognition tasks for identifying the nature and severity of impairments in everyday social functioning. These systematically examined different aspects of social performance, in particular pro-social behaviour, moral judgment and reasoning. The present thesis adopted a trait-based approach to investigate how high versus low levels of autistic traits influenced everyday social functioning. This is in line with the continuum conceptualisation of an autistic spectrum, whereby those with clinical levels of impairment (i.e. diagnosed with ASD) are thought to lie at the extreme end of a normal distribution of autistic traits. Overall, two key findings emerged; firstly, people with high levels of autistic traits tended to be less behaviourally and emotionally responsive to others’ needs. Secondly, people with high levels of autistic traits displayed relatively intact awareness of social and moral norms that underpin everyday situations, but their understanding of these appeared to be more limited. These findings are consistent with the conceptualisation of a continuum of trait severity, whereby those with high levels of autistic traits showed similar difficulties to those seen in people with ASD, although perhaps to a lesser extent. The body of work presented in this thesis has potential clinical implications for the assessment and management of adults with ASD.
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Innocent, Tabitha M. "Social evolution in Melittobia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3874.

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Interactions between individuals can range from peaceful cooperation, through mediated contest, to escalated conflict. Understanding such diversity of interactions between individuals requires an understanding of the costs and benefits involved with these behaviours, and the influence of relatedness between interacting individuals. Species in the parasitoid wasp genus Melittobia display social behaviours at both extremes of this spectrum, from the potentially cooperative traits of the ratio of male to female offspring that they produce, and the dispersal of females to new habitats, to the extreme conflict of violent contests between males. In this thesis, I examine a number of aspects of social evolution in Melittobia. First, I consider the pattern of sex allocation – the division of resources between male and female offspring - where local mate competition theory predicts that females will adjust their offspring sex ratio (proportion of males) conditionally, with females laying increasingly female biased sex ratios as the number of other females laying eggs on the same patch increases. In Chapter 2, I show that M. acasta females always lay an extremely female biased sex ratio, and that this may be explained in part by the fact that male Melittobia engage in violent lethal combat in competition for mates. Early emerging males have a competitive advantage and thus there is a limited advantage for later laying females to produce a less female biased sex ratio. However, I also demonstrate that the advantage of early emergence can be reduced when we consider male body size, which is linked to fighting ability, suggesting that the occurrence of this extreme conflict does not fully explain the unusual pattern of sex allocation in Mellitobia. In Chapter 3, I examine whether the level of dispersal varies in response to the extent of local competition for resources, and the relatedness between competitors. I use the species M. australica, which readily produces two distinct female dispersing morphs, to show that the production of dispersing females increases with the competition for resources. I consider the parallels between the evolution of dispersal and of sex ratio. In Chapter 4, I examine male fighting in more detail and explore theory that predicts that when extreme conflict does evolve, the incidence of fighting varies with resource value, number of competitors, and the level of relatedness between males. I show that mating opportunities are sufficiently valuable that male Melittobia will always engage in fighting irrespective of relatedness, that there is no evidence of opponent assessment prior to fighting, and that the intensity of fights increases with the number of competitors. This thesis highlights the importance of considering combinations of social traits and the interactions between them, to understand the evolution of social characters.
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Miraucourt, Delphine. "Pourquoi certains traits de personnalité sont-ils plus valorisés que d’autres ? Fondements économiques de la valeur sociale attribuée aux personnes." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIML007/document.

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Cette thèse a pour but d’aller « à la racine » de la théorie de la valeur sociale (Beauvois & Dubois, 2009) stipulant que les adjectifs de personnalité ont pour fonction d’évaluer les agents sociaux. Nous montrons que les personnes sont évaluées sur ces adjectifs en fonction de l’utilité économique de leurs professions ou des conséquences économiques de leurs comportements, bien indépendamment de leurs qualités psychologiques. Nos travaux ont d’abord permis (études 1 à 4) d’appuyer l’intérêt de dégager trois registres de traits de personnalité (effort, compétence et aisance) qui évaluent trois niveaux distincts d’utilité. Nos études 5 à 8 précisent que la présence ou non d’objectifs économiques détermine le registre le plus utile pour juger la valeur sociale des personnes. L’aisance est décisive si les situations sont imprégnées d’objectifs économiques comme c’est le cas en entreprise. C’est sur ce modèle que les gens jugent par défaut. Dans les contextes où ces objectifs sont nettement absents, l’aisance est moins décisive que les autres registres. Une autre série d’études (9 et 10) montre que la simple connaissance des retombées économiques d’une réussite ou d’un échec, mêmes si ces retombées ne concernent pas directement l’auteur de la performance, a des effets sur la description qu’il fait de lui-même. Enfin, les dernières études (11 à 13) ont montré que les enjeux économiques impactent de nombreux phénomènes psychologiques (estime de soi, perception du caractère figé des traits et motivation scolaire). Finalement, nos travaux mettent en évidence l’intérêt de la prise en compte des objectifs économiques dans l’étude du jugement social
Our aim was to go "at the root" of the theory of social value (Beauvois & Dubois, 2009) stipulating that the adjectives of personality have the function of evaluating social agents. We show that people are evaluated on these adjectives according to the economic utility of their professions or the economic consequences of their behavior, regardless of their psychological qualities. Our work has first allowed (studies 1 to 4) to support the interest of identifying three registers of personality traits (effort, competence and agency) that evaluate three distinct levels of utility. Our studies 5 to 8 specify that the presence or absence of economic objectives determines the most useful register to judge the social value of people. Agency is decisive if the situations are imbued with economic objectives as is the case in company. It is on this model that people judge by default. In contexts where these objectives are clearly absent, agency is less decisive than the other registers. Another series of studies (9 and 10) shows that the mere knowledge of the economic benefits of a success or a failure, even if these effects do not directly concern the author of the performance, has effects on the description that he makes of himself. Finally, the latest studies (11 to 13) have shown that economic issues impact many psychological phenomena (self-esteem, perception of the fixed character of the traits and academic motivation). Finally, this PhD highlights the importance of taking into account economic objectives in the study of social judgment
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Cataldo, Ilaria. "The relationships among genes, psychological traits, and social behavior." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/251540.

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In just over ten years, internet-based technologies revolutionized several aspects of daily human life, including social interactions. Social media sites (SNSs), such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, have dramatically changed the way people keep in touch or make new acquaintances. On the flipside, recent research have highlighted the risk for and inappropriate use of SNSs, which might result in personal discomfort or a mental disorder. For this reason, it is important to understand how these issues develop starting from the diverse contexts and individual features. The main aim of the present Ph.D. project is to identify to which extent the interaction between psychological components, like perceived parental warmth, and genetic susceptibility to the familiar environment can describe the social behavior online and offline. The underlying hypothesis is that sensibility to the familiar context will represent a positive factor, if the person recalls a good perception of parental care, leading to confident psychological mechanisms in adulthood, hence to more optimal neural responses to social stressors in real life, and to the appropriate use of social media. To this aim, three studies have been performed: •Study 1. Analysis of the impact of perceived early social experience on the formation of interactional patterns in adult social interaction in two different countries (Italy and Singapore); •Study 2. Investigation on how the interaction between genetic features of oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and perceived early social experience affect the neurophysiological responses to cries; •Study 3. Exploration of the link between adult psychological dimensions related to social behavior and metrics of usage on Instagram platform. The experimental activities have been performed in two different laboratories: as for the Italian samples, questionnaires and genetic information were collected at the Affiliative Behavior and PhysiologyLaboratory in Rovereto; with regards to the Singaporean sample, participants completed the questionnaires, then were tested for genetics, Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS), Electrocardiogram (ECG) at the Social and Affective Neuroscience set in Nanyang Technological University. One of the purposes of the overall project was the construction of a rich database, which aims to include information about genetic polymorphisms proved to be sensitive to social environment (oxytocin receptor gene rs53576, rs2254298, and serotonin rs25531), recalled parental warmth, main dimensions of adult attachment, neural and physiological responses to social distress, like listening to cries, and behavior on two main social media platforms, such are Facebook and Instagram. This complex design gives the project several strengths, such as the possibility to focus on the contribution of diverse factors within a bio-psycho-i social frame, that is claimed to be the more appropriate by scientific community standard, in order to have a wider and deeper understanding of human behavior. Secondly, results generated from studies based on this database would allow filling the present gap about social media usage and psychological mechanisms, providing a further comparison with offline behavior. Lastly, results might be helpful when implemented in clinical work to understand if and how social media can become a useful mean in clinical work. The temporary fragility of this project is related to the genetic sample size, as a broader sampling would be necessary to have a comparable amount of the different variants and generate more reliable explanations. However, this data collection represents a starting point, as it resents of temporal constraints. Future efforts are necessary to enrich the dataset and to find appropriate methodologies to examine in depth the interaction between all the factors
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7

Cataldo, Ilaria. "The relationships among genes, psychological traits, and social behavior." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/251540.

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Abstract:
In just over ten years, internet-based technologies revolutionized several aspects of daily human life, including social interactions. Social media sites (SNSs), such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, have dramatically changed the way people keep in touch or make new acquaintances. On the flipside, recent research have highlighted the risk for and inappropriate use of SNSs, which might result in personal discomfort or a mental disorder. For this reason, it is important to understand how these issues develop starting from the diverse contexts and individual features. The main aim of the present Ph.D. project is to identify to which extent the interaction between psychological components, like perceived parental warmth, and genetic susceptibility to the familiar environment can describe the social behavior online and offline. The underlying hypothesis is that sensibility to the familiar context will represent a positive factor, if the person recalls a good perception of parental care, leading to confident psychological mechanisms in adulthood, hence to more optimal neural responses to social stressors in real life, and to the appropriate use of social media. To this aim, three studies have been performed: •Study 1. Analysis of the impact of perceived early social experience on the formation of interactional patterns in adult social interaction in two different countries (Italy and Singapore); •Study 2. Investigation on how the interaction between genetic features of oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms and perceived early social experience affect the neurophysiological responses to cries; •Study 3. Exploration of the link between adult psychological dimensions related to social behavior and metrics of usage on Instagram platform. The experimental activities have been performed in two different laboratories: as for the Italian samples, questionnaires and genetic information were collected at the Affiliative Behavior and PhysiologyLaboratory in Rovereto; with regards to the Singaporean sample, participants completed the questionnaires, then were tested for genetics, Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS), Electrocardiogram (ECG) at the Social and Affective Neuroscience set in Nanyang Technological University. One of the purposes of the overall project was the construction of a rich database, which aims to include information about genetic polymorphisms proved to be sensitive to social environment (oxytocin receptor gene rs53576, rs2254298, and serotonin rs25531), recalled parental warmth, main dimensions of adult attachment, neural and physiological responses to social distress, like listening to cries, and behavior on two main social media platforms, such are Facebook and Instagram. This complex design gives the project several strengths, such as the possibility to focus on the contribution of diverse factors within a bio-psycho-i social frame, that is claimed to be the more appropriate by scientific community standard, in order to have a wider and deeper understanding of human behavior. Secondly, results generated from studies based on this database would allow filling the present gap about social media usage and psychological mechanisms, providing a further comparison with offline behavior. Lastly, results might be helpful when implemented in clinical work to understand if and how social media can become a useful mean in clinical work. The temporary fragility of this project is related to the genetic sample size, as a broader sampling would be necessary to have a comparable amount of the different variants and generate more reliable explanations. However, this data collection represents a starting point, as it resents of temporal constraints. Future efforts are necessary to enrich the dataset and to find appropriate methodologies to examine in depth the interaction between all the factors
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Ferguson-Gow, Henry. "The evolution of social traits and biodiversity in the ants." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/53449/.

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Cooperation has shaped the evolution of life on Earth. The ants are the most numerically diverse of the eusocial Hymenoptera, and display wide variation in social complexity. This positions the ants as an ideal taxon in which to study social evolution in a comparative framework. Social evolution theory has generated many hypotheses that are testable in ants, however the lack of comprehensive or complete phylogenies, and the decentralised and scattered nature of trait data, has been an obstacle to these types of study. In this thesis I construct a large species-level, and a complete genus-level, phylogeny of the ants, and draw together a large dataset of social traits from the literature in order to test hypotheses concerning the evolution of social traits in the ants. I find evidence that the earliest ant was large bodied, and lived in small highly related colonies. I show that group size is a significant trait in the evolution of sociality in ants, predicting the probability of a species having polymorphic workers, or of being polyandrous. I also show that the change in these traits is correlated between ancestral nodes on the phylogeny. Furthermore, in the Attini, colony size correlates closely with non-reproductive and reproductive division of labour. Together these results cement group size as a driving force of social evolution in the ants, and this has interesting implications for social evolution in general. Finally, I report the first evidence that intermediate colony sizes, the presence of discrete worker castes and polygyny are associated with increased diversification rates in ants. This thesis provides a valuable tool for the study of comparative hypotheses in the ants in the form of a complete genus-level phylogeny, and offers significant evidence to support several key hypotheses in social evolution. Furthermore, these results generate hypotheses regarding the evolution of social traits for future research.
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Neuburger, Melissa Johanna. "Midlife women students : personality traits, social factors, and educational timing /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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MATTAVELLI, GIULIA CAMILLA. "Neural correlates of face evaluation: emotional expressions and social traits." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/43782.

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Face processing is a crucial skill for human interaction. Accordingly, it is supported by a widely distributed fronto-temporo-occipital neural circuit (Haxby et al., 2000). The present work investigates the neural correlates of face expression processing by means of different neuroimaging and electrophysiological techniques. Using fMRI I investigated amygdala responses to basic emotions and activations in face-selective regions in response to social cues detected in faces (Study 1 and Study 2). These studies showed that the amygdala is highly responsive to fear expressions but has also a critical role in appraising socially relevant stimuli and together with the posterior face-selective regions it is sensitive to face distinctiveness as well as social meaning of face features. In Study 3 I demonstrated by means of TMS that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) contains different neural representations for angry and happy expressions linked to lexical knowledge of emotions. Finally, the combined TMS-EEG experiment reported in Study 4 revealed interconnections between activity in the core and the extended system of face processing, and the interactions resulted to be modulated by the type of behavioural task. Taken together the present results help to clarify the role of different regions as part of the face perception system and suggest that the coupling between cortical areas and the coordinated activity of different regions in the distributed network are crucial to recognize the multiplicity of information that faces convey.
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Books on the topic "Traits sociaux"

1

Lalor, George. Tracks and traces of prairie places. Winnipeg: Pemmican Publications, 1998.

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Singh, K. S. An anthropological atlas: Ecology and cultural traits, languages and linguistic traits, demographic and biological traits. Delhi: Anthropological Survey of India (in association with) Oxford University Press, 1993.

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Emerson, Ralph Waldo. English traits. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1994.

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Bilodeau, Guy. Traité de travail social. Paris: Éditions de l'École Nationale de la Santé Publique, 2005.

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Frédéric, Chaleil, ed. Traits et portraits. Paris: Editions de Paris, 2011.

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1957-, Parens Erik, ed. Enhancing human traits: Ethical and social implications. Washington, D.C: Georgetown University Press, 1998.

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Murphy, Emily F. Open trails. London: J.M. Dent, 1995.

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Traits of American Indian life. Fairfield, Wash: Ye Galleon Press, 1986.

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Tsu-wee, Tan Thomas, ed. Chinese dialect groups: Traits and trades. Singapore: Opinion Books, 1990.

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Weigand, Glorianne. Dusty trails. Bend, Or: Printed by Maverick Publications, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Traits sociaux"

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Jensen-Campbell, Lauri A., Priya A. Iyer-Eimerbrink, and Jennifer M. Knack. "Interpersonal traits." In APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Volume 4: Personality processes and individual differences., 351–68. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14343-016.

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Daly, Michael. "Personality Traits and Social Structure." In Macropsychology, 63–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50176-1_4.

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Huang, Hanyun. "Social Media Addiction and Sociopsychological Traits." In Social Media Generation in Urban China, 77–102. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45441-7_5.

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Mischel, Walter. "Trait Theory Revisited." In Critical Issues in Social Justice, 143–72. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2135-4_6.

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Ijuin, Koki, and Kristiina Jokinen. "Exploring Gaze Behaviour and Perceived Personality Traits." In Social Computing and Social Media. Design, Ethics, User Behavior, and Social Network Analysis, 504–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49570-1_35.

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Abbott, Tina. "Trait and type theories." In Social and Personality Development, 15–31. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003209300-4.

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Stankevich, Maxim, Andrey Latyshev, Natalia Kiselnikova, and Ivan Smirnov. "Predicting Personality Traits from Social Network Profiles." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 177–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30763-9_15.

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Chakrabarti, Bhismadev, and Simon Baron-Cohen. "Genes Related to Autistic Traits and Empathy." In From DNA to Social Cognition, 19–36. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118101803.ch1.

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Clifton, Allan. "Trait Narcissism and Social Networks." In Handbook of Trait Narcissism, 415–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92171-6_45.

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Valaskivi, Katja, Anna Rantasila, Mikihito Tanaka, and Risto Kunelius. "Social Media and Ambient Social Distance." In Traces of Fukushima, 81–98. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6864-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Traits sociaux"

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Svensson, Martin, Kristina Höök, and Rickard Cöster. "Evaluating social trails." In CHI '03 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/765891.766026.

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Zhu, Yangfu, Linmei Hu, Xinkai Ge, Wanrong Peng, and Bin Wu. "Contrastive Graph Transformer Network for Personality Detection." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/633.

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Personality detection is to identify the personality traits underlying social media posts. Most of the existing work is mainly devoted to learning the representations of posts based on labeled data. Yet the ground-truth personality traits are collected through time-consuming questionnaires. Thus, one of the biggest limitations lies in the lack of training data for this data-hungry task. In addition, the correlations among traits should be considered since they are important psychological cues that could help collectively identify the traits. In this paper, we construct a fully-connected post graph for each user and develop a novel Contrastive Graph Transformer Network model (CGTN) which distills potential labels of the graphs based on both labeled and unlabeled data. Specifically, our model first explores a self-supervised Graph Neural Network (GNN) to learn the post embeddings. We design two types of post graph augmentations to incorporate different priors based on psycholinguistic knowledge of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and post semantics. Then, upon the post embeddings of the graph, a Transformer-based decoder equipped with post-to-trait attention is exploited to generate traits sequentially. Experiments on two standard datasets demonstrate that our CGTN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for personality detection.
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Varshney, Vanshika, Aman Varshney, Tameem Ahmad, and Asad M. Khan. "Recognising personality traits using social media." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpcsi.2017.8392248.

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JUG, VESNA. "Personality Traits Social Intelligence Social Support and Juvenile Delinquency." In Third International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Economics and Management Study- SEM 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-063-7-49.

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Zhang, Zhanpeng, Ping Luo, Chen-Change Loy, and Xiaoou Tang. "Learning Social Relation Traits from Face Images." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2015.414.

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Giorgi, Salvatore, Lyle Ungar, and H. Andrew Schwartz. "Characterizing Social Spambots by their Human Traits." In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL-IJCNLP 2021. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.findings-acl.457.

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Yang, Hsin-Chang, Chung-Hong Lee, and Chia-Yi Yeh. "Mining Personality Traits from Social Text Messages." In MISNC2020&IEMT2020: The 7th Multidisciplinary in International Social Networks Conference and The 3rd International Conference on Economics, Management and Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3429395.3429412.

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Karmakar Basu, Sabornee. "Perceived Facial Attributes and Personality Traits." In 14th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences. Acavent, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/14th.hpsconf.2022.07.200.

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Garcia-Gavilanes, Ruth. "Cultural trails in social media." In the companion publication of the 17th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556420.2556822.

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OLARU, Lenuța. "Personality traits of operative policeman." In Ştiință și educație: noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v1.24-25-03-2023.p47-51.

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The environment in which we work influences our personality and requires the alignment of personal and institutional values. The present study aims to capture the dominant personality traits of police officers in operational structures and to identify the most important personal values for which this professional category opts. This study examines a sample of 87 police officers from operative environment. The results highlighted the fact that police officers in the operational environment are sociable and active people. Regarding the personal values assumed by the respondents, they are in agreement with the military institutional values (Social relations, Compliance with the rules, Safety, Autonomy and Professional recognition).
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Reports on the topic "Traits sociaux"

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Ellsworth, Helen. Traits associated with choosing social work as a career. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.334.

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Christopoulou, Rebekka, Ahmed Jaber, and Dean Lillard. The Inter-generational and Social Transmission of Cultural Traits: Theory and Evidence from Smoking Behavior. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19304.

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Ikegami, Munenobu, Michael Carter, Christopher Barrett, and Sarah Janzen. Poverty Traps and the Social Protection Paradox. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22714.

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Fryer, Roland. A Model of Social Interactions and Endogenous Poverty Traps. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12364.

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Bursztyn, Leonardo, Benjamin Handel, Rafael Jimenez, and Christopher Roth. When Product Markets Become Collective Traps: The Case of Social Media. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31771.

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Caldevilla Domínguez, D., J. Rodríguez Terceño, and A. Barrientos Báez. El malestar social a través de las nuevas tecnologías: Twitter como herramienta política. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2019-1383.

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Sánchez López, José Alberto, Jesus Alberto Arciga Osuna, and Ricardo López Miranda. Analysis of social entrepreneurship in Escárcega Campeche, before the Mayan train project. Peeref, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2304p6252510.

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Marcano, Luis. Atacando pobreza: Evaluación del programa Fondo de inversión social de Panamá. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012099.

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El presente estudio (OVE/WP-02/20) trata de hallar evidencia sobre el impacto positivo sobre la incidencia de pobreza de las obras entregadas por el Fondo de inversión social (FIS) en los distritos beneficiarios de Panamá entre 1998 y 2001, a través de la evaluación del programa PN-0054, préstamo aprobado en 1995 por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo para el apoyar el FIS. El estudio incluye una breve descripción de los antecedentes de los FIS en Latinoamérica y el Caribe y en particular del FIS de Panamá, una descripción de las fuentes de datos y la metodología utilizada en el estudio. Luego se hace un análisis de la eficiencia de la focalización del programa y se presentan los resultados de diferentes aproximaciones a la evaluación del programa, incluyendo la evaluación de impacto.
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Santana, Isidoro. Las Igualas Médicas Frente a Seguro Social (Estudio de la Organización Industrial de los Servicios de Salud en la República Dominicana). Inter-American Development Bank, November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011821.

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Los servicios médicos del seguro social y las igualas médicas privadas son sistemas de provisión de servicios prepagados de salud. El primero se organiza bajo la modalidad de producción estatal, con una gestión centralizada, cotizaciones obligatorias y sin posibilidad de elección del proveedor por parte del usuario. No obstante, el segundo se trata de entidades privadas, gestión descentralizada, regidas por contratos privados sin regulación estatal, y financiamiento voluntario por parte del cliente. Mediante la investigación se trata de determinar cómo los elementos que definen la estructura industrial, tales como propiedad, cantidad y tipo de proveedores condicionan la asignación de los recursos, cunatía y estructura de costos, productividad y eficiencia operativa, y cómo esto se traduce en términos del resultado final de la provisión del servicio. En el estudio se trata de evaluar la percepción que tienen los destinatarios del servicio sobre la calidad del mismo. También se intenta, a través de estadísticas limitadas, determinar la magnitud del mercado cubierta por ambos subsistemas y evaluar las motivaciones de los demandantes.
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Molina, Carlos Gerardo. Gasto Social en América Latina. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012063.

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El presente trabajo ofrece un panorama de la evolución del gasto público social en América Latina; el contexto del nivel de los gastos sociales a través de su comparación entre países y regiones; y las relaciones del gasto con los resultados sociales.
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