Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traitements des signaux'
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Meste, Olivier. "Modélisations et Traitements de Signaux Biomédicaux." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545558.
Full textEscolá, Ricardo. "Traitements de signaux neuronaux sur système embarqué." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0020/these.pdf.
Full textLe domaine des neurosciences s'intéresse à comprendre la façon dont les réseaux neuronaux codent et décodent l'information pour interagir avec le monde extérieur. Pour cela, un des enjeux actuels est de pouvoir simultanément : enregistrer les activités d'un grand nombre de cellules au sein de grands réseaux de neurones, et stimuler de manière dynamique ces réseaux (par exemple pour en contrôler les activités). Aujourd'hui, il est possible de maintenir en vie un explant de tissu nerveux dans un milieu de survie sur des systèmes micro électrodes (Micro Electrode Array) permettant d'enregistrer les activités électriques neuronales sur une centaine de voies. Le passage à de grands réseaux de neurones avec une résolution spatiale suffisante nécessite de mettre au point de nouvelles générations de systèmes offrant un nombre de voies de mesures beaucoup plus important. A cet effet, des technologies l'électronique intégrée sont en cours de développement pour aboutir à des systèmes d'encombrement raisonnable et, à terme, à des implants pour rétablir des fonctions altérées chez l'homme. Dans le cadre de cette thèse on s'intéresse à la compression de signaux neuronaux sur un système intégrée (ASIC) préalable à l'extraction des données. En effet, un effort important a été fait depuis des dizaines d'années dans la compréhension et le développement des techniques embarquées complètement autonomes. Actuellement on constate trois verrous principaux: la puissance dissipée par le système, le flux de données transmis et l'autonomie du système (ceci s'avère indispensable pour des applications implantées). Les potentiels d'action neuronaux (ou spikes) ont été largement acceptés comme étant l'unité de base de l'information neurologique. Ils sont aussi responsables pour la plupart du flux de données enregistré à l'étape d'acquisition. On a donc choisi une approche visant à extraire l'information fonctionnelle de l'activité neuronale de manière à réussir un taux de compression maximale, tout en conservant l'information fonctionnelle des signaux enregistrés. Le traitement des spikes requiert deux étapes: la détection et la classification des spikes en identifiant à quel neurone correspondent les potentiels d'action détectés. Les méthodes traditionnelles de détection et de tri ne sont généralement pas bien adaptées à une implémentation embarquée autonome. Dans cette thèse, on propose des méthodes de détection et de tri non supervisées basées sur des architectures numériques compatibles avec une architecture embarquée de basse puissance. L'étape de détection est basée sur la théorie des ondelettes, ce qui permet d'améliorer la détectabilité des spikes tout en gardant une complexité calculatoire faible. En parallèle on propose un système d'extraction de spikes ``à la volée'' qui minimise la puissance de calcul en utilisant de manière optimale les ressources de la mémoire embarquée. Pour le tri des spikes, on propose un système automatique de classification. L'estimation de puissance nous montre qu'il est compatible avec un système embarqué basse consommation. Notre système réagit en temps réel aux changements dans le tissu nerveux et estime automatiquement les paramètres nécessaires pour réaliser la classification en temps réel. De plus, on propose un outil de simulation de signaux neuronaux qui permet de tester la performance des algorithmes de traitement et de mieux comprendre la dynamique des réseaux neuronaux étudiés
Georges, Stienne. "Traitements des signaux circulaires appliqués à l'altimétrie par la phase des signaux GNSS." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00950869.
Full textGuermoud, Hassane. "Architectures Reconfigurables Dynamiquement dédiées aux traitements en temps réel des signaux vidéo." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10264.
Full textSince a few years ago, most of vision systems with reconfigurable circuits FPGA have become an intermediate solution between systems using processor circuits and systems using a ASIC's circuits. The reconfigurability of FPGA-SRAM has become a trump for the development of several applications with the same hardware. For this work, we have interested for reconfiguring dynamically (DR) this circuits. This configuration mode has been translated by a fast change of there internaI structure during the execution of operations. Novel rules of conception were defined, especially for decomposing the algorithms that we want to implement like a separate module. These modules have the particularity to be executed independently. The domain of low level real time image processing can be decomposed easily like a set of cascaded operators. However, the use of the DR in this domain, impose us to respect the constraint of video real time and to take account of FPGA circuit's reconfiguration time. This constraint must not delay the treatment' s rate. In this fact, we developed two architectures with dynamically reconfiguratiort that the technical proposition was presented in details. They are based on the desynchronisation of the video flow and the treatment flow. Moreover we suggest a criterion in order to evaluate and to compare in one hand the two architectures between them, and in other hand the DR architecture with a classical system that do not use this mode of reconfiguration. In order to validate the concept, we have selected a set of low level images processing operators with a view to implement on the dynamically reconfiguration module (MOD ARD) which are developed in the laboratory (LIEN)
Belloum, Adam Scander. "Étude d'un système multiprocesseurs reconfigurable dédié aux traitements d'images basé sur les processeurs de signaux." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD877.
Full textYacoub, Slim. "Traitements multidimensionnels en temps réel des signaux électromyographiques respiratoires de surface par réseau d'électrodes NASICON." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE19001.
Full textNivelle, François. "Optimisation et robustesse des algorithmes de reconnaissance des formes : application aux traitements des signaux radar /." Paris : Ecole nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35776885k.
Full textSallem, Soumaya. "Traitements de réception mono et multi-antennes de signaux rectilignes ou quasi-rectilignes en présence de multitrajets de propagation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0054.
Full textThe SAIC/MAIC (Single/Multiple Antenna Interference Cancellation) receiver, recently introduced, is able to separate up to 2N synchronous users with N antennas for the radiocommunications networks using rectilinear or quasi-rectilinear modulations. A such receiver, operational in GSM handsets since 2006, exploits the second order non-circularity of signals and gives rise to an optimal widely linear (WL) filter. This receiver has been shown to be powerful for synchronous users without any frequency offsets (for example Doppler shift), but its behaviour in the presence of asynchronous users having potentially non zero carrier residues, omnipresent in many radio applications, has not yet been the subject of theoretical studies, which doesn't allow us to know their damage. For this reason, the purpose of the first part of this work is to present an analysis of SAIC/MAIC receiver performances, implemented via an MMSE approach with training sequence, with two users not necessarily synchronized with frequency shifts. To simplify the analytical developments, we limited the theoretical analysis to some particular cases with rectilinear modulations. Hence, simple and interpretable analytical expressions were given and analyzed. We proved in particular that the performance is less degraded in the case of a shift on the useful than in the presence of a drift on the jammer. Furthermore, the degradation increases with desynchronization of the two signals. To precise the range of validity of analytical approximations, numerical illustrations were made using as parameters those of the GSM standard in order to apply this study to this standard in particular and cellular networks in general. Extending the analysis to quasi-rectilinear modulations had required the implementation of a spatio-temporal filtering. We have studied the impact of the size of the spatio-temporal filter on the performance of MMSE SAIC/MAIC receiver for quasi-rectilinear modulations (GMSK and MSK) in the presence of residual frequencies. The study reveals that with standard carrier residues, this receiver remains relatively robust and doesn't require a compensation. The second part of this work considers frequency-selective channels and is developing a SIMO MLSE receiver for a useful signal with any linear modulation in the presence of an additive Gaussian centered stationary temporally and spatially colored and potentially non-circular noise, starting from a general problem of detection of a waveform. We have shown that SIMO MLSE receiver consists of a WL filter, a sampler at the symbol rate and a recursive minimization of a metric that can be solved by the Viterbi algorithm. The case of quasi-rectilinear modulations is also considered. Within this framework, we had proved that the SIMO MLSE receiver has the same structure through a postreatment derotation. All these filters are interpreted as WL multidimensional matched filters (WL MMF) in the sense that they maximize the SNR of the current symbol at output. Then, we extended the MLSE receiver structure developed in case of a noncircular gaussian noise but this time cyclostationary, so as to approximate radio cellular applications. We call this new receiver "pseudo-MLSE" because its structure was imposed. By conjecturing that the performances by per symbol error probability are directly related to the SNR of the current symbol, general expressions of this SNR are given for MLSE and pseudo MLSE receivers with stationary and cyclostationary potentially noncircular interferences. Interpretable formulas of these SNR were given in special cases and numerical simulations were presented to show performance gains of the receivers we have introduced relative to conventional MLSE receivers derived under the assumption of circular stationary noise
Sallem, Soumaya. "Traitements de réception mono et multi-antennes de signaux rectilignes ou quasi-rectilignes en présence de multitrajets de propagation." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TELE0054/document.
Full textThe SAIC/MAIC (Single/Multiple Antenna Interference Cancellation) receiver, recently introduced, is able to separate up to 2N synchronous users with N antennas for the radiocommunications networks using rectilinear or quasi-rectilinear modulations. A such receiver, operational in GSM handsets since 2006, exploits the second order non-circularity of signals and gives rise to an optimal widely linear (WL) filter. This receiver has been shown to be powerful for synchronous users without any frequency offsets (for example Doppler shift), but its behaviour in the presence of asynchronous users having potentially non zero carrier residues, omnipresent in many radio applications, has not yet been the subject of theoretical studies, which doesn't allow us to know their damage. For this reason, the purpose of the first part of this work is to present an analysis of SAIC/MAIC receiver performances, implemented via an MMSE approach with training sequence, with two users not necessarily synchronized with frequency shifts. To simplify the analytical developments, we limited the theoretical analysis to some particular cases with rectilinear modulations. Hence, simple and interpretable analytical expressions were given and analyzed. We proved in particular that the performance is less degraded in the case of a shift on the useful than in the presence of a drift on the jammer. Furthermore, the degradation increases with desynchronization of the two signals. To precise the range of validity of analytical approximations, numerical illustrations were made using as parameters those of the GSM standard in order to apply this study to this standard in particular and cellular networks in general. Extending the analysis to quasi-rectilinear modulations had required the implementation of a spatio-temporal filtering. We have studied the impact of the size of the spatio-temporal filter on the performance of MMSE SAIC/MAIC receiver for quasi-rectilinear modulations (GMSK and MSK) in the presence of residual frequencies. The study reveals that with standard carrier residues, this receiver remains relatively robust and doesn't require a compensation. The second part of this work considers frequency-selective channels and is developing a SIMO MLSE receiver for a useful signal with any linear modulation in the presence of an additive Gaussian centered stationary temporally and spatially colored and potentially non-circular noise, starting from a general problem of detection of a waveform. We have shown that SIMO MLSE receiver consists of a WL filter, a sampler at the symbol rate and a recursive minimization of a metric that can be solved by the Viterbi algorithm. The case of quasi-rectilinear modulations is also considered. Within this framework, we had proved that the SIMO MLSE receiver has the same structure through a postreatment derotation. All these filters are interpreted as WL multidimensional matched filters (WL MMF) in the sense that they maximize the SNR of the current symbol at output. Then, we extended the MLSE receiver structure developed in case of a noncircular gaussian noise but this time cyclostationary, so as to approximate radio cellular applications. We call this new receiver "pseudo-MLSE" because its structure was imposed. By conjecturing that the performances by per symbol error probability are directly related to the SNR of the current symbol, general expressions of this SNR are given for MLSE and pseudo MLSE receivers with stationary and cyclostationary potentially noncircular interferences. Interpretable formulas of these SNR were given in special cases and numerical simulations were presented to show performance gains of the receivers we have introduced relative to conventional MLSE receivers derived under the assumption of circular stationary noise
Goureau, Pascal. "Études sur la commande numérique directe des servomoteurs synchrones à aimants : traitements des signaux, modélisations, simulations." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112345.
Full textBlin, Audrey. "Traitements d'antenne pour signaux non-circulaires et/ou non-gaussiens : applications à l'écoute passive et à la détection." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4068.
Full textThis document is dedicated to the study of the potential second-order non-circularity and non-gaussiannity of noisy signals in array beamforming. One part of this thesis takes place in a passive listenning context whereas another one deals with detection issues. For non-stationary observations, potentially second order noncircular, the second order optimal complex filters are time variant (TV) and, under some conditions of noncircularity, widely linear (WL). Moreover, for applications such as spectrum monitoring or passive listening, the sources’ waveforms are unknown and no training sequence or spreading code is a priori available. In this context, one chapter aims at introducing the Time Invariant (TI) WL Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamformer for the optimal reception of an unknown signal, whose waveform is unknown but whose steering vector is known, corrupted by potentially noncircular interferences. Its properties, performance and adaptive implementation in non-circular contexts are analyzed in this chapter. This optimal beamformer is shown to always improve, in the steady state, the performance of the well-known Capon’s beamformer for non-circular interferences. Moreover it should be noticed that this optimal beamformer allows the processing of up to 2(N −1) rectilinear interferences from an array of N sensors. Finally, at the end of this chapter, a TV extension of this TI WL MVDR beamformer is presented to process second-order non-circular interferences having a non-null carrier residue or frequency offset. For nongaussian observations the optimal complex filters are nonlinear. Moreover, for applications such as spectrum monitoring or passive listening, the sources’ waveforms are unknown and no training sequence nor spreading code is a priori available. In this context, this new chapter aims at introducing a Time Invariant Volterra MVDR beamformer, which may be implemented through a Volterra Generalized Sidelobe Canceller structure, for the reception of an unknown signal, whose waveform is unknown but whose steering vector is known, corrupted by potentially nongaussian interferences, omnipresent in practical situations. Its properties, performance and adaptive implementation in the presence of nongaussian interferences are analyzed in this chapter. This new beamformer is shown to always improve, in the steady state, the performance of the well-known Capon’s beamformer for non-gaussian interferences. Finally, it is proved that this new beamformer may allow the processing of a number of nongaussian interferences greater than or equal to the number of sensors. The detection of a known signal with unknown parameters in the presence of noise plus interferences (called total noise) whose covariance matrix is unknown is an important problem which has received much attention these last decades for applications such as radar, satellite ocalization or time acquisition in radio communications. However, most of the available receivers assume a second order circular total noise and become suboptimal in the presence of second order non-circular interferences, omnipresent in the previous applications. The scarce available receivers which take into account the potential SO non-circularity of the total noise hve been developed under the restrictive condition of a kown signal with known parameters or under the assumption of a random signal. For this reason, following a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test approach, the purpose of this last chapter is to introduce and to analyze the performance of different array receivers for the detection of a known signal, with different sets of unknown parameters, corrupted by an unknown non-circular total noise. To simplify the study, we limit the analysis to rectilinear known useful signals for which the baseband signal is real. This assumption is not so restrictive since rectilinear signals, and binary signal in particular, are currently used in large number of practical applications such as DS-CDMA radio communications networks, GPS system, some Identification Friends and Foes systems or some radar systems which use binary coding signals
Lyonnet, Bastien. "Diversité spatiale et compensation Doppler en communication sous-marine sur signaux large-bandes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664710.
Full textSALLEM, Soumaya. "Traitements de réception mono et multi-antennes de signaux rectilignes ou quasi-rectilignes en présence de multitrajets de propagation." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814611.
Full textLefebvre, Jean-Pierre. "Traitements numérique et optique des signaux obtenus par transillumination de milieux hétérogènes, absorbants et diffusants : application aux tissus biologiques." Paris 12, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA120018.
Full textDelahaies, Agnès. "Contributions à des approches informationnelles en imagerie : traitements conjoints et résonance stochastique." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665908.
Full textLe-Huy, Phieu. "La modélisation linéaire des signaux électrocardiographiques : automatisation des traitements interactifs pour la simulation numérique des arythmies cardiaques par micro-ordinateur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL101N.
Full textDelahaies, Agnès. "Contributions à des approches informationnelles en imagerie : traitements conjoints et résonance stochastique." Phd thesis, Angers, 2011. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00665908.
Full textImaging systems are continuously improving and their uses are spreading more and more widely. Imaging systems are based on various physical principles, with a sophistication which keeps enhancing (magnetic resonance imaging, thermography, multi and hyperspectral imaging). Beyond this heterogeneity of constitution, the resulting images share the property of being a support of information. In this context, we propose a contribution to informational approaches in imaging. This is especially guided by a transposition of Shannon's informational paradigm to imaging along two main directions. We present a joint-processing approach where the informational goal of the acquired images is a prior knowledge which is exploited in order to optimize some tuning configurations of the imaging systems. Different joint-processing problems are examined (joint observation scale - estimation, joint compression - estimation, and joint acquisition - compression). We then extend the field of stochastic resonance studies by exploring some new signal-noise mixtures enabling useful noise effects, in coherent imaging and in magnetic resonance imaging. Stochastic resonance is also considered for its specific informational significance (the noise useful to information), as a phenomenon allowing to test and further assess the properties and potentialities of entropic or informational measures applied to imaging. Stochastic resonance is especially used as a benchmark to confront such informational measures to psychovisual measures on images
Benas, Jean-Christophe. "Système à base de connaissances et traitements numériques pour l'analyse automatique des signaux de tubes de générateurs de vapeur contrôlés par courants de Foucault." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD476.
Full textRICHARD, JOEL. "Application de methodes de traitements numeriques de signaux a la detection, compression et reconnaissance d'evenements d'origines sismiques dans une station autonome de type sismographe fond de mer." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10121.
Full textRichard, Joël. "Application de méthodes de traitements numériques de signaux de détection, compression et reconnaissance d'événements d'origines sismiques dans une station autonome de type sismographe fond de mer." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376180862.
Full textMegret, Lise. "Étude du rôle des émotions sur les traitements différentiels mis en œuvre par des pilotes d'avions lors de la gestion de situations à risques sur simulateur de vol." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100021/document.
Full textThis research centers on the impact of emotions on a pilot who's dealing with dynamic and/or ambiguous situations. Contrary to theories that state pilots' performances are diminished by emotions, we believe that an emotional process actually has an adaptive function which subsequently helps give appropriate answers to a given situation. To verify this hypothesis, volunteer pilots are confronted with having to deal with a fuel leakage on a flight simulator. We have built a realistic 1h long scenario. The pilots are not faced with a punctual situation, akin to problem solving, but have to treat the fuel consumption anomaly during the whole length of the flight simulation. Consequently they have the possibility, in flight, to recover inappropriate responses. The readings of the pilots' heartbeat allows us to identify the emotional episodes. We show that, far from diminishing the pilots' responses, emotions are linked positively not only to the pilots' expertise, but also their performances: The pilots who have devised the best responses to the situation are also those who've registered the most emotions whilst discovering and treating the fuel leakage
Bouras, Bouhafs. "Traitement du signal adapté aux signaux GPS." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/357ad253-2be4-452d-ad4e-eb2a9e8ef7b6.
Full textValensi, Raphaël. "Développements méthodologiques à partir de formes d'ondes multicomposantes en vue de l'imagerie sismique quantitative de la proche surface : modélisation physique à échelle réduite, traitements et inversion de la polarisation." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=a6e87417-7b5f-4d39-9299-b58de9eadd18.
Full textWithin the framework of Seismic FullWaveform Inversion (FWI) applied to near surface imaging, multicomponent data open new prospects. In this thesis, the potential of bi-component measurements in a 2D/P-SV configuration is investigated for shallow media where surface waves dominate signal. This approach combines formal developments, numerical tests and laboratory experiments. First, using an intrinsic metric in the polarization states space, a new kind of cost-functions for the polarization inversion is introduced. Then, with an adapted version of the FWI code FWT2D-PSV, several numerical experiments are conducted in order to investigate the limits of this approach with different sources of bias as erroneous a priori concerning the density or the attenuation parameters and source/receivers coupling effects. The new methodological developments are then evaluated in case of a near surface configuration with variable depth shallow interfaces. With a view of experimental validation, the third step concerns the upgrade of a reduced scale physical modelling bench (MUSC) in order to model multicomponent seismic acquisitions. Performances of the laser interferometer integrated in the measurement bench are quantitatively determined, especially for several polarization observables. Finally, two applications of this experimental facility to near-surface configuration are presented : shallow cavity detection and laterally varying interfaces
Chassande-Mottin, Eric. "Méthodes de réallocation dans le plan temps-fréquence pour l'analyse et le traitement de signaux non stationnaires." Cergy-Pontoise, 1998. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/98CERG0045.pdf.
Full textBATAILLOU, ERIC. "Analyse de signaux transitoires bruites : traitement sequentiel et traitement vectoriel. application aux signaux biomedicaux." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE4767.
Full textKachenoura, Amar. "Traitement Aveugle de Signaux Biomédicaux." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359155.
Full textChollet, Paul. "Traitement parcimonieux de signaux biologiques." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0024/document.
Full textBody area sensor networks gained great focused through the promiseof better quality and cheaper medical care system. They are used todetect anomalies and treat them as soon as they arise. Sensors are under heavy constraints such as reliability, sturdiness, size and power consumption. This thesis analyzes the operations perform by a body area sensor network. The different energy requirements are evaluated in order to choose the focus of the research to improve the battery life of the sensors. A sensor for arrhythmia detection is proposed. It includes some signal processing through a clique-based neural network. The system simulations allow a classification between three types of arrhythmia with 95 % accuracy. The prototype, based on a 65 nm CMOS mixed signal circuit, requires only 1.4 μJ. To further reduce energy consumption, a new sensing method is used. A converter architecture is proposed for heart beat acquisition. Simulations and estimation show a 1.18 nJ energy requirement for parameter acquisition while offering 98 % classification accuracy. This work leads the way to the development of low energy sensor with a lifetime battery life
Fares, Fares. "Traitement des signaux Argos 4." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0024/document.
Full textIn our thesis, we investigate the application of multi user detection techniques to a Low Polar Orbit (LPO) satellite used in the Argos system. Argos is a global satellite-based location and data collection system dedicated for studying and protecting the environment. User platforms, each equipped with a Platform Transmitter Terminal (PTT), transmit data messages to a 850 km LPO satellite. An ARGOS satellite receives, decodes, and forwards the signals to ground stations. All PTTs transmit at random times in a 100 kHz bandwidth using different carrier frequencies. The central carrier frequency f0 is 401.65 MHz. Due to the relative motion between the satellite and the platforms, signals transmitted by PTTs are affected by both a different Doppler shift and a different propagation delay. Thus, the Argos satellite receives overlapping signals in both frequency and time domains inducing Multiple Access Interference (MAI). One common approach to mitigate the MAI problem is to implement Multi User Detection (MUD) techniques at the receiver. To tackle this problem, several MUD techniques have been proposed for the reception of synchronous and asynchronous users. In particular, the Successive Interference Cancelation (SIC) detector has been shown to offer a good optimality-complexity trade-off compared to other common approaches such as the Maximum Likelihood (ML) receiver. In an Argos SIC receiver, users are decoded in a successive manner, and the signals of successfully decoded users are subtracted from the waveform before decoding the next user. This procedure involves a parameter estimation step and the impact of erroneous parameter estimates on the performance of Argos SIC receiver has been studied. Argos SIC receiver has been shown to be both robust to imperfect amplitude and phase estimation and sensitive to imperfect time delay estimation. The last part of our work focuses on the implementation of digital estimators for the Argos system. In particular, we propose a time delay estimator, a frequency estimator, a phase estimator and an amplitude estimator. These estimators are derived from the ML principle and they have been already derived for the single user transmission. In our work, we adapt successfully these estimators for the multi user detector case. These estimators use the Non Data Aided (NDA) cases in which no a priori information for the transmitted bits is required. The performance of these different estimators are compared to the Cramer Rao Bound (CRB) values. Finally, we conclude in our work by showing the different results obtained during this dissertation. Also, we give some perspectives for future work on Argos system
Girault, Jean-Marc. "Apport des techniques du traitement du signal à l'analyse et détection de signaux emboliques." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR4024.
Full textMuti, Damien. "Traitement du Signal Tensoriel, application aux images en couleurs et aux signaux sismiques bruités." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30047.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the elaboration of new algebraic processing technics for multidimensional and multicomponent (MM) data which can be modelled by higher order tensors, i. E. Multiway arrays. A comparative study, devoted to the approximation of color images and sequences of gay level images, between: (i) lower rank-(K1,. . . ,KN) tensor approximation (LRTA-(K1,. . . ,KN)), (ii) the rank-(K1,. . . ,KN) HOSVD truncation, and (iii) the lower rank-KPACA of a tensor, based on PARAFAC/CANDECOMP decomposition, is proposed. The link between the tensor rank values, estimated thanks to the previous methods, and the spatial and spectral content of a color image as well as the object movement within a sequence of images is also studied. Two new methods for multi-modal filtering of noisy MM data are also developed: (i) The first is elaborated in presence of additive white Gaussian noise and represents a new multimodal Wiener filtering. Each of the optimal n-mode Wiener filters, named Hn, is determined by minimizing the quadratic mean squared error between the desired tensor signal and the estimated tensor signal which is obtained by applying filter Hn, on each n-mode of the noisy data tensor, thanks to the n-mode product operator. An alternative least square based numerical algorithm, which enables the computation of filters Hn, is proposed. (i) The second method is elaborated in presence of additive correlated Gaussian noise and represents a multimode PCA achieved by the LRTA-(K1,. . . ,KN) improved by the fourth order cumulants. The results obtained by these two new filtering methods applied to the denoising of color images and multicomponent seismic signals are improved compared to the ones obtained with the classical methods
Thierry, Eric. "Analyse de forme des signaux monodimensionnels : études théoriques et applications à la structure fine du signal électrique cardiaque." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE4285.
Full textPoiseau, Éric. "Traitement du signal appliqué à l'analyse des signaux EEG et ECG enregistrés pendant le sommeil." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD592.
Full textBencheikh, Kamel. "Traitement non destructif des signaux optiques." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132046.
Full textPrieto, Guerrero Alfonso. "Compression de signaux biomédicaux." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT032H.
Full textMeste, Olivier. "Contribution à l'analyse de signaux non-stationnaires : application à l'étude de signaux biomédicaux." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4585.
Full textThe non stationary signals wich are the subject of the thesis are first considered from a general point of view and processed through a time-frequency approach ; further, repetitive non stationary signals are studied by means of signal averaging. Studying non stationary signals using time-frequency representations makes it possible to observe signal spectral variations in function of time. Some methods belonging to Cohen's class have been studied and improved ; for this, they have been identified to smoothings of the Wigner-Ville transform and their properties observed in a frequency-frequency representation. In opposition to these linear smoothings other ones have been proposed whose parameters vary either in function of signal spectral information at each point of the time-frequency domain, or following and a priori law of variation. Morlet's wavelet transform, wich belongs the the later class, has been studied and a modification has been proposed. The repetitive nature of certain signals like evoked potentials of cardiac signals, lead us to set up new methods for estimating time delay between two signals realizations. The performance of the proposed estimates first allows to improve averaging. Moreover, a sufficiently precise estimation of the jitter standard deviation lets hope averaged signals makes it possible to detect, in a more precise maner, permanent details from one realization to another. The improvement of signal averaging techniques, makes it possible to follow some real dynamic variations by reducing the number of averaged signals. A LMS adaptive algorithm has been proposed and its equivalence with exponentially weighted averaging has been proven
Lançon, Fabienne. "Extraction de signaux radar." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN10163.
Full textZerubia, Josiane. "Modélisation d'un signal à partir d'observations bruitées : application à la réduction du bruit pour des signaux de parole." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4071.
Full textStienne, Georges. "Traitement des signaux circulaires appliqués à l'altimétrie par la phase des signaux GNSS." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980907.
Full textDellandréa, Emmanuel. "Analyse de signaux vidéos et sonores : application à l'étude de signaux médicaux." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR4031.
Full textThe work deals with the study of multimedia sequences containing images and sounds. The analysis of images sequences consists in the tracking of moving objects in order to allow the study of their properties. The investigations have to enable the understanding of sounds when correlated to events in the image sequence. One generic method, based on the combination of regions and contours tracking, and one method adapted to homogeneous objects, based on level set theory, are proposed. The analysis of audio data consists in the development of an identification system based on the study of the structure of signals thanks to their coding and Zipf laws modeling. These methods have been evaluated on medical sequences within the framework of the gastro-oesophageal reflux pathology study, in collaboration with the Acoustique et Motricité Digestive research team of the University of Tours
Masmoudi, Mohamed Lamine. "Détection d'un défaut localisé dans un multiplicateur d'éolienne : approche par analyse des grandeurs électromécaniques." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS001.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis was carried out under the FEDER project ”Maintenance prédictive des éoliennes et maîtrise des impacts environnementaux”. One of the project objectives was to develop, in Poitou-Charentes, expertise in the field of wind power in connection with the activities of LIAS and LaSIE laboratories. For LIAS, it was decided to launch a new research activity on the diagnosis of mechanical faults. The localized defects in gearbox were privileged. Furthermore, we restricted the study to the stationary system to simplify the learning of different phenomena involved and signal processing techniques. In the first part, we studied the fault signatures on the vibration signals. This phase was facilitated by the use of experimental data available from the Bearing Data Center of the Case Western Reserve - Cleveland University. Among the signal processing methods, we opted for envelope analysis implemented in the Synchronous Time Averaging (TSA). On this occasion, we defined a comprehensive fault detection procedure that we have maintained throughout this study by applying a NLP identification technique where we obtained similar results compared to high-resolution methods as ESPRIT. There after, we refocused on wind power applications by making an original test bench capable of emulating a fault in the coupling of two electrical machines. The main idea was to identify all usable signals in the context of emulated fault detection and to provide a classification between electric currents, mechanical torque and speed of the machines. Moreover, a comparison between measured signals and estimated ones was discussed. It shows that it is possible to get an observed signal richer than direct signal measurement in terms of spectral components related to the defect. This improvement is made possible by an appropriate synthesis of gains observer which was obtained after linearization of the studied observer. In the margin of wind application, the case of a motor controlled by vector was also discussed. The idea was to exploit the speed loop performance to amplify the fault components in electrical currents. All these researches have been tested in simulation and experimentally
Firla, Marcin. "Automatic signal processing for wind turbine condition monitoring. Time-frequency cropping, kinematic association, and all-sideband demodulation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT006/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a three signal-processing methods oriented towards the condition monitoring and diagnosis. In particular the proposed techniques are suited for vibration-based condition monitoring of rotating machinery which works under highly non-stationary operational condition as wind turbines, but it is not limited to such a usage. All the proposed methods are automatic and data-driven algorithms.The first proposed technique enables a selection of the most stationary part of signal by cropping time-frequency representation of the signal.The second method is an algorithm for association of spectral patterns, harmonics and sidebands series, with characteristic frequencies arising from kinematic of a system under inspection. This method features in a unique approach dedicated for rolling-element bearing which enables to overcome difficulties caused by a slippage phenomenon.The third technique is an all-sideband demodulation algorithm. It features in a multi-rate filter and proposes health indicators to facilitate an evaluation of the condition of the investigated system.In this thesis the proposed methods are validated on both, simulated and real-world signals. The presented results show good performance of all the methods
Cont, Arshia. "Traitement et programmation temps-réel des signaux musicaux." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829771.
Full textZerubia, Josiane. "La représentation et le traitement de signaux bruités." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4207.
Full textArzi, Mohammad. "Traitement automatique des signaux vestibulo-oculaires et optocinétiques." Lyon, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAL0025.
Full textArzi, Mohammad. "Traitement automatique des signaux vestibulo-oculaires et optocinétiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375955506.
Full textZerubia, Josiane. "La Représentation et le traitement de signaux bruités." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37619370r.
Full textMian, Qaisar Saeed. "Echantillonnage et traitement conditionnés par le signal : une approche prometteuse pour des traitements efficaces à pas adaptatifs." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0024.
Full textThe recent sophistications in the areas of mobile systems and sensor networks demand more and more processing resources. Ln order to maintain the system autonomy, energy saving is becoming one of the most difficult industrial challenges, in mobile computing. Most of the efforts to achieve this goal are focused on improving the embedded systems design and the battery technology, but very few studies target to exploit the input signal time-varying nature. It. Is known that almost aIl real world signaIs are non stationary in nature. Therefore, we aim to achieve power efficiency by smartly adapting the system processing activity inaccordance to the input signal local characteristics. It is done by completely rethinking the existing processing chain and devised a new one byemployitJg asmart combination of the non-uniform and the uniform signal processing tools. Sampling, activity selection and local parameters extraction are basis. . Of. The proposed processing chain. This approach is based on the level crossing sampling, it makes to pilot the system sampling frequency and the processing activity by the input signal itself. The adopted sampling scheme produces the non-uniformly spaced in time samples, which allows an easy activity selection and local fea. Tures extraction of the input signal. Ln this C(JpteXt a novel technique is devised for analyzing the non-uniformly sampled signal spectrum. A comparison of the proposed technique with the existing ones is rrlade. It shows that the proposed technique out performs the existing techniques in terms of computational efficiency and spectral ql!ality. Based upon the proposed processing chain the adaptive rate filtering and the adaptive resolution analysis techniques are devised. The proposed sOlutions adapt their processing load and time-frequency resolution to the input signal. It demonstrates that they achieve drastic computational gains while providing appropriate. Quality results compared to the counter classical approaches. The processing chain performance is also characterized in terms of its effective resolution; It is shown that for an appropriate choice of time resolution and interpolation order, the proposed solution achieves a higher effective resolution compared to the counter classical one
Sirot, Isabelle. "Modélisation et caractérisation des signaux logiques CMOS /." Paris : Ecole nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb358100208.
Full textMonir, Abdelilah. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la synthèse des signaux aléatoires : signaux non gaussiens, signaux à corrélation non exponentielle." Angers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ANGE0020.
Full textThe complex systems that bring a large number of interacting agents which play in a non commonplace way, can in some operating systems present non standard statistical properties, which are opposed to those of the traditional linear systems. In particular, the statistics of the first order are often characterized by a non gaussian probability density, this density in the majority of the cases with a heavy-tail. In the same way, for statistics of the second order, the correlations are often non exponential, freqquently with long statistical dependence. It is precisely with the modeling and the synthesis of random signals obeying these statistical properties, that this work is devoted. Initially, we approach the heavy-tail phenomenon of the probability density. In order to model it, we use the "generalized gaussian with an α exponent". Particulary, we succeed to reverse the distribution function of the generalized gaussian noise with an 1/2 exponent, which will be presented by means of special function called "Lambert function". For the first time, we propose a synthesis method of this noise with controlled accuracy starting from the numerical evaluation of this function. We study then the long statistical dependence phenomenon through the development of a new model, based on dynamic systems (max,+). For the synthesis of the e®ective achievements, the model proposed has the advantage of taking the form of a simple recurrence of one order, easily programmable, allowing an on-line synthesis on potentially unlimited temporal horizons. These models would find some applications in simulation of real physical systems for many areas such as computer network tra±c, telecommunications network tra±c, transport road tra±c and stock exchange. .
Rossello, Norbert. "Optimisation par traitement de signal et automatique de la pureté spectrale de forts signaux d'émission : application aux émissions sonar." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4416.
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